Journal articles on the topic 'Wheel dynamics'
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1
Zhang, Tie, Jun Zhang, and Chuan Xi Sun. "The Profile Analysis of Wheels and Rails of Different Wear Stages for Heavy-Haul Wagons." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.291.
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A large number of wheel and rail profiles of different wear stages are tracked and measured using the wheel/rail profile admeasuring apparatus for DaTong-QinHuangdao heavy-haul line. The finite element method (FEM) models and dynamic models of the contact between wheels and rails are both established for two working conditions (i.e., straight line and curve line). In addition, the corresponding parameters and indexes are obtained through the simulation and calculation. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress for the wheel profile of type II is lower than those of wheel profiles in other stages for the straight and curve lines. Its contact stress distribution is more uniform than others. The dynamics indexes including stationarity and stability of the standard wheel profiles ( i.e. LM) are the best. The indexes are gradually reduced along with the abrasion of wheel profiles. When passing the curve, the dynamics indexes of wheel profiles in each stage are reached the evaluation standard. The abrasion rate of wheels and rails can be reduced relatively when wheels are matched with the worn rails in the stable stage.
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Tu, Kuo-Yang. "A linear optimal tracker designed for omnidirectional vehicle dynamics linearized based on kinematic equations." Robotica 28, no. 7 (January 15, 2010): 1033–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574709990890.
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SUMMARYIt is difficult to design controllers for the complicated dynamics of omnidirectional vehicles steered by multiple wheels with distributed traction force. In this paper, the dynamic model of a three-wheel omnidirectional vehicle, which is linearized to simplify controller design, is developed. The conditions of making its dynamics linear are derived first. Then, a strategy of planning wheel velocities to satisfy these conditions is proposed. Consequently, three-wheel omnidirectional vehicle can be easily treated by classical linear control theories. Finally, a linear optimal tracker is designed to control the omnidirectional vehicle for desired movement trajectories. In particular, the dynamic model includes the motors installed in the three-wheel omnidirectional vehicle, making it a practical model. Three kinds of vehicle trajectories illustrate the planning of wheel trajectories for linearizing the vehicle dynamics, and simulations demonstrate the performance of the linear optimal tracker. In addition, experimental results of a practical three-wheel omnidirectional vehicle are also included.
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Hou, Maorui, Bingzhi Chen, and Di Cheng. "Study on the Evolution of Wheel Wear and Its Impact on Vehicle Dynamics of High-Speed Trains." Coatings 12, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091333.
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Wheel wear is one of the most critical factors affecting the vehicle performances and maintenance costs of railway vehicles. However, previous research has to ignore the initial wheel-rail profiles for the evolution of wheel wear. Therefore, this work investigates the relationship between the evolution of wheel wear corresponding to different initial wheel-rail profiles and vehicle dynamics, wheel-rail deterioration. Firstly, the evolution of wheel wear during a long service period is measured from two high-speed railway trains running on two different lines. Contact geometry, e.g., equivalent conicity and contact pair distribution, are extracted. After that, the influence of wheel wear on the vehicle dynamic performance is studied using a multi-body dynamic software. The calculated contact parameters, e.g., pressure, shear traction, and creepage, are used to analyze the distribution of rolling contact fatigue. Based on the experimental and simulation results, the initial wheel and rail profiles significantly affects the wheel wear pattern, the thin rim wheel has uniform wear, and other wheels occurs hollow wear. The hollow wear can lead to gradual deterioration of vehicle dynamics, which conversely aggravates the wheel reprofiling.
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Pradhan, Smitirupa, AK Samantaray, and R. Bhattacharyya. "Multi-step wear evolution simulation method for the prediction of rail wheel wear and vehicle dynamic performance." SIMULATION 95, no. 5 (July 4, 2018): 441–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549718785023.
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This paper presents a complete model to estimate the effects of wheel wear on the dynamic behavior and ride comfort of a railway vehicle. A co-simulation of the vehicle dynamics modeled in ADAMS VI-Rail and wear evolution modeled in MATLAB is performed in a loop. The outputs from the vehicle dynamics simulation are used to compute the wear evolution, which in turn affects the vehicle dynamics. The local contact parameters, such as normal contact force, tangential stresses and slip, etc., and wear distribution for each cell of the contact surface are estimated with the help of Kalker’s simplified theory of rolling contact and Archard’s wear model, respectively. The wear distribution and smoothening of the wheel profile are obtained for a short travel distance and are then scaled up for larger travel distance. The worn wheel profile is updated in the vehicle dynamics model after every 10,000 km of travel for further dynamic analysis and this process is repeated until either the critical dynamic performance or wheel wear limits are reached. Several new results emerge by considering both acceleration and braking on a tangent track with sinusoidal irregularities. Critical speed appears to increase initially and then decrease quickly, whereas worn wheels give better ride comfort in both lateral and vertical directions as compared to new wheels. According to the results in this work, wheels may be recommended for re-profiling or replacement much before the critical wear depth recommended in maintenance guidelines is reached.
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Pradhan and Samantaray. "A Recursive Wheel Wear and Vehicle Dynamic Performance Evolution Computational Model for Rail Vehicles with Tread Brakes." Vehicles 1, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 88–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles1010006.
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The increased temperature of the rail wheels due to tread braking causes changes in the wheel material properties. This article considers the dynamic wheel material properties in a wheel wear evolution model by synergistically combining a multi-body dynamics vehicle model with a finite element heat transfer model. The brake power is estimated from the rail-wheel contact parameters obtained from vehicle model and used in a finite element model to estimate the average wheel temperature. The wheel temperature is then used for wheel wear computation and the worn wheel profile is fed to the vehicle model, thereby forming a recursive simulation chain. It is found that at a higher temperature, the softening of the rail-wheel material increases the rate of wheel wear. The most affected dynamic performance parameter of the vehicle is found to be the critical speed, which reduces sharply as the wheel wear exceeds a critical limit.
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Whitehead, J. C. "Rear Wheel Steering Dynamics Compared to Front Steering." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 112, no. 1 (March 1, 1990): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2894144.
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The lateral dynamics of rear wheel steering vehicles are examined using low order linear mathematical models. The response to rear steer angle inputs differs significantly from the front wheel steering response at low speeds. However, both the transient and steady state responses become less dependent on which wheels are steered as vehicle speed increases. This fact indicates that the unusual fixed control response does not alone cause rear wheel steering vehicles to be unsafe at high speeds. The free control instability unique to rear wheel steering vehicles is analyzed using a torque input model which treats steer angle as a degree of freedom. The cause of this unstable weave mode and the stable front wheel steering weave mode is a ratio of tire slip angle to steer angle in excess of unity during high speed cornering.
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Yuan, Hao Shan. "Influence of Dynamic Characteristics of Wheels between Vehicle with Traditional and Articulated Bogie." Advanced Materials Research 732-733 (August 2013): 344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.344.
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The wheel-rail combined power spectrum densities are transformed into time domain samples by IFFT method, and add abnormal corrugation samples. The samples were taken as the inputting disturbances of a vehicle-track vertical coupling dynamics model, and the interaction force of wheel/rail is calculated by the models of vehicle with traditional bogie frame and articulated frame of vehicle/track coupling system. Dynamic responses of wheels on corrugation track can be calculated. The results show that wheels vibration intensity of vehicle with articulated bogie is lower.
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Proffitt, Dennis R., Mary K. Kaiser, and Susan M. Whelan. "Understanding wheel dynamics." Cognitive Psychology 22, no. 3 (July 1990): 342–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(90)90007-q.
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Yang, Jian Wei, Qi Long Shi, Guang Ye Zhang, and Jiao Zhang. "The Fatigue Life Simulation of the Wheel of CHR3 EMU in Random Loading." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1424.
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In order to calculate the EMU fatigue calculation of wheels, calculation of fatigue loading to obtain the wheel to solve problems, the method that makes use of multi-body dynamics simulation combined with finite element method is proposed, in time domain the wheel of CHR3 EMU in random loading is conducted the simulation study of the fatigue life. First of all, modal analysis of the wheels and wheel contact analysis are conducted in the ANSYS, and axle contact strength is also analyzed. Second, create a model of the EMU in ADAMS, and simulate to receive dynamic loading process. Finally, combined with the finite element stress method, dynamic loading time history and the linear cumulative damage rule, using ANSYS/WORKBENCH to get the fatigue life prediction chart of the wheel. It can be seen from the results, the safety factor of the most dangerous point of CRH3 EMU wheel type is 1.376, to meet fatigue life requirements, which provide a theoretical basis for the safety maintenance of the EMU.
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Kumar, Vivek, Vikas Rastogi, and PM Pathak. "Dynamic analysis of vehicle–track interaction due to wheel flat using bond graph." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 232, no. 3 (November 7, 2017): 398–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419317739754.
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The dynamic response of a railway track under a moving train in the presence of a wheel with flat has been studied over many years. The force at the wheel–rail interface is mainly responsible for vehicle and track components deterioration and adds to the maintenance cost. So, reliable predictions of wheel–rail interaction forces are of prime concern to get the key factors responsible for damage of vehicle and track components. In most of the studies, a symmetrical vehicle–track model with linearity in track components behavior is assumed for simplification. This may lead to incorrect results in some situation. In this paper, wheel–rail impact dynamics is investigated by considering an asymmetrical vehicle–track model with due consideration to nonlinear behavior of track. Some nonlinear factors such as loss of wheel–rail contact, nonlinearity in pad, and ballast behavior are taken into consideration. A combined vehicle–track bond graph model is developed to study the wheel–track interaction dynamics. The rail is modeled as a flexible Euler Bernoulli beam resting on discrete support. The nonlinear Hertzian contact theory is used to accomplish the dynamic interactions between the vehicle and the track. Time response of forces, displacements, velocities, and accelerations of the related components of the vehicle and the track are obtained. It has been found that, though the wheel flat exists on leading right wheels, its effect has also been transferred to other components of the vehicle. The obtained results further lead to provide a better understanding of the interaction dynamics at the wheel–track interface with attention to the nonlinear behavior of pad and ballast.
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Li, H. X., A. H. Zhu, C. C. Ma, P. W. Sun, J. W. Yang, and K. Q. Zhang. "Influence of Wheel Profile Wear Coupled with Wheel Diameter Difference on the Dynamic Performance of Subway Vehicles." Shock and Vibration 2021 (June 10, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6694561.
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In view of the coexistence of wheel profile wear (WPW) and wheel diameter difference (WDD) on an actual subway line, a dynamic analysis method based on coupling between WPW and equivalent in-phase WDD was proposed. Based on the measurements from a subway vehicle in operation on this line, dynamics modeling and calculations were performed for a single carriage of this vehicle. Later, the interaction between the effects of WPW and equivalent in-phase WDD on the vehicle dynamic performance was analyzed, and the dynamic response in the presence of coupled damage was compared between the outer and inner wheels. Furthermore, the difference in the dynamic response caused by different positions of the larger-diameter wheels (i.e., on the inner track or outer track) was analyzed for the case where equivalent in-phase WDD occurred between the front and rear bogies. The results show that when the vehicle ran on a straight line, the coupling between WPW and WDD reduced the vehicle’s stability but improved its ride comfort. When the vehicle traveled on a curved line, it showed reductions in the lateral wheel/rail contact force, derailment coefficient, axle lateral force, and wear index if the outer wheels had a larger diameter. As a result, the deterioration of the vehicle’s dynamic performance due to the increasing degree of WPW slowed down, and its curve negotiation performance improved. Meanwhile, the outer wheels had significantly greater lateral wheel/rail contact force, derailment coefficient, and wear index compared to the inner wheels. When a −1 mm WDD was coupled with the worn wheel profile for 14 × 104 kilometers traveled, the dynamic performance indexes of the vehicle were close to or even exceeded the corresponding safety limits. The findings can provide technical support for subway vehicle maintenance.
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Momhur, Awel, Y. X. Zhao, Liwen Quan, Sun Yazhou, and Xialong Zou. "Flexible-Rigid Wheelset Introduced Dynamic Effects due to Wheel Tread Flat." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 24, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5537286.
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The widespread faults that occur in railway wheels and can cause a massive dynamic impact are the wheel tread flat. The current work considered changes in vehicle speed or wheel radius deviation and studied the dynamic impact load. The modal technique for the impact evaluation induced by the wheel flat was proposed via the finite element analysis (FEA) software package ANSYS, integrated into a multibody dynamics model of the high-speed train CRH2A (EMU) through SIMPACK. The irregularity track line has developed and depends on the selected simulation data points. Additionally, a statistical approach is designed to analyze the dynamic impact load response and effect and consider different wheel flat lengths and vehicle speeds. The train speed influence on the flat size of the vertical wheel-rail impact response and the statistical approach are discussed based on flexible, rigid wheelsets. The results show that the rigid wheel flat has the highest vertical wheel impact load and is more significant than the flexible wheel flat force. The consequences suggest that the wheelset flexibility can significantly improve vertical acceleration comparably to the rigid wheel flats. In addition, the rendering of the statistical approach shows that the hazard rate, PDF, and CDF influence increase when the flat wheel length increases.
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Andrés, Víctor, Jose Martínez-Casas, Javier Carballeira, and Francisco Denia. "Development of a dynamic model of the axisymmetric railway wheel for sound radiation prediction." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 3362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2385.
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In this work, a vibroacoustic model is developed to predict the dynamic response and sound radiation of an axisymmetric railway wheel under a non-axisymmetric excitation. To do this, first, the energy equation of the wheel is analytically integrated along the circumferential direction after an expansion of its response as Fourier series. Then, the vibrational dynamics of the three-dimensional wheel is solved through a set of two-dimensional problems which come from that integration. Subsequently, the three-dimensional sound radiation of the railway wheel is calculated from the solution of the aforementioned two-dimensional problems by means of analytical relations based on the harmonic distribution of the dynamics in the circumferential coordinate. Additionally, the wheel rotation is introduced in the model using an eulerian approach, in order to consider the associated gyroscopic and inertial effects. The proposed model presents a greater computational efficiency compared to full three-dimensional methodologies, without compromising the precision of the results. This allows the implementation of the sound radiation calculation in optimization algorithms with the aim of achieving quieter designs of railway wheels.
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Huo, Junzhou, Hanyang Wu, Dong Zhu, Wei Sun, Liping Wang, and Jianghui Dong. "The rigid–flexible coupling dynamic model and response analysis of bearing–wheel–rail system under track irregularity." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 21 (December 12, 2017): 3859–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217745336.
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As the main bearing components of vehicle wheel/rail systems, railway bearings take on the main load of wheel/rail system. These bearings can be easily damaged after a long-term load, which causes vibrations and significant deterioration of force distribution and directly affects the driving stability of the locomotive. Current systems available for modeling the dynamics of wheel/rail systems rarely consider nonlinear contact load bearing, which causes errors in the calculation of wheel/rail system dynamics. According to the bearing structure characteristics and working features of a specific system, this paper thoroughly evaluates the flexible deformation of shaft and bearing, time-varying nonlinear contact load, track irregularity, and bearing to establish a wheel/rail system coupling dynamics model. Then, based on the coupling dynamics theoretical model, the wheel/rail system’s coupling nonlinear dynamic characteristics are studied under random load. Then, this theoretical model of the wheel–bearing–rail system dynamics is verified using the railway bearing as an example. Finally, the model is applied to the process of rail/wheel low force design. Results show that under irregular stimulation, the maximum contact load increased by 71.2% and the maximum contact stress increased by 19.6%. After moderate wear, the wheel/rail system vibration and loading condition deteriorate rapidly. Under the low rail/wheel force, the wheel tread and diameter had significant effects on wheel/rail contact force distribution. The rail specifications are found to affect the wheel/rail system’s vibration significantly. This paper has important theoretical value and practical significance for developing reliable railway bearings and wheel/rail systems with good static/dynamic characteristics that can withstand dynamic impact load.
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Vo, Dai Q., Hormoz Marzbani, Mohammad Fard, and Reza N. Jazar. "Variable caster steering in vehicle dynamics." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 9 (October 17, 2017): 1270–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017728650.
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When a car is cornering, its wheels usually lean away from the centre of rotation. This phenomenon decreases lateral force, limits tyre performance and eventually reduces the vehicle lateral grip capacity. This paper proposes a strategy for varying caster in the front suspension, thereby altering the wheel camber to counteract this outward inclination. The homogeneous transformation was utilised to develop the road steering wheel kinematics which includes the wheel camber with respect to the ground during a cornering manoeuvre. A variable caster scheme was proposed based on the kinematic analysis of the camber. A rollable vehicle model, along with a camber-included tyre force model, was constructed. MATLAB/Simulink was used to simulate the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle with and without the variable caster scheme. The results from step steer, ramp steer, and sinusoidal steer inputs simulations show that the outward leaning phenomenon of the steering wheels equipped with the variable caster, is reduced significantly. The corresponding lateral acceleration and yaw rate increase without compromising other handling characteristics. The actively controlled car, therefore, provides better lateral stability compared to the passive car. The tyre kinematic model and the vehicle dynamic model were validated using multibody and experimental data.
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Kuzyshyn, A. "INVESTIGATION THE INFLUENCE DIFFERENCE OF THE WAGON’S WHEELS DIAMETERS ON ITS DERAILMENT BY QUASI-DYNAMICS METHOD." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 64 (May 7, 2019): 608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2019.64.57.
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In the article the author notes that the horizontal forces arising in the process of pressing the wheel flanges to the working edge of the rail, under certain conditions can be very significant. These forces, in combination with the wheel unloading, caused by the geometric deviation of the track in the plan and profile, can lead to rolling the wheel of the wheelset onto the rail head and, as a consequence, to the stock derailment. Such pressing of the wheel to the rail head in the straight part of the track can occur when faults in the running gears of the wagons: non-parallelism of the axles of the wheel pairs of the bogie frame by the difference in the bases of the side frames, wear of the guide axle-box openings; the difference of the flanges on one wheel pair is more than permissible, wear of the body and bogie bolster center plates, step bearing; a significant difference in the diameters of the wheels of the wheelset caused by the intense wear of the rolling surface of one of them, etc. The article deals with the investigation of the influence of the wheels’ diameters difference of the wheelset on the amount of lateral force for the empty and loaded state of the rolling stock wagon. The results obtained made it possible to conclude that an increase in the wheels’ diameters difference of the wheelset of a loaded wagon of rolling stock leads to more intensive growth of the lateral force, as compared with the exhaust. This is caused by the linear dependence of the lateral force on the mass of the wagon of the rolling stock. However, for both the empty and the loaded wagon, the increase in the lateral force value has a negative effect. In conjunction with the unloading of the wheel it increases the probability of rolling in the wheel of the wheelset on the rail head. Also, an increase in the action of the lateral force from the wheelset on the rail, causes increased wear of the rail, the wheel flange, which is pressed. At the same time, rolling surfaces of an irregular shape are formed on the surface of the other wheel. Therefore, it is important to ensure the maintenance of the wheels of a wheel pair with the smallest difference in its diameters. Key words: rolling stock, diameter difference of wheels, quasi-dynamics method.
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Fu, Xiang, Yong He, and Di Xu. "Research of Electric Differential Control for Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 310 (February 2013): 540–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.310.540.
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The Electric Differential Control for Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle is discussed. And then the self-regulation method to realize the electric differential by controlling the torque of the motor and freeing the speed of the wheels has been proposed. Firstly, tire-road dynamics modeling has been established, Control system of Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle has been designed. Secondly, simulation platform of Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle has been established. Lastly, simulation for electric differential control of Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle has been validated. The simulation results show that the self-regulation method by controlling the torque of the motor and freeing the speed of the wheels is effective. Each wheel speed and the corresponding wheel speed automatically keep coordination; it can realize the self-regulation differential, no wheel slipping or sliding phenomenon.
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Zeng, Yong. "Effects of Track Elasticity on Wheel-Rail Dynamic Performance of Heavy Haul Railway." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 1249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1249.
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Two vehicle-track dynamics models on heavy haul railway are established in two conditions of rigid track and elastic track. And the impact of track elasticity on the wheel-rail dynamics performance was analyzed using models. The results show that the critical speed of heavy vehicles and wheel-rail dynamic indexes, such as wheel-rail lateral force and wheel-rail vertical force decreased on elastic track compared with rigid track. However, other dynamic indexes, including derailment coefficient and lateral displacement of wheelsets increased on elastic track. And the wheel-rail wear indexes are some differences on two tracks.
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Bureika, Gintautas, and Šarūnas Mikaliūnas. "PECULIARITIES OF TRACTION FORCES IN WHEEL/RAIL CONTACT AREA." TRANSPORT 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2002): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16483480.2002.10414004.
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Tractive force and train movement stability dependence on division of forces involved in wheel/rail contact area are the main subjects of this article. The influence of wheel/rail contact properties in the vehicle dynamics and adhesion fields is investigated. Current tendency all over the world is to reduce the conicity of wheels with the aim of increasing the speed of trains. Wave-length of moving wheel-set in track for worn wheel-set tyre is twice less than for new wheel running profile.
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Zuo, Shuguang, Xianglei Duan, and Yong Li. "Study on Dynamics of Polygonal Wear of Automotive Tire Caused by Self-Excited Vibration." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/653803.
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Considering the underlying reason of tire polygonal wear, a unified mechanical tire model is developed to analyze the different vibration properties between the driving wheel and follower wheel. And the LuGre dynamic friction model is applied to determine the frictional forces between the wheel with a slip angel and the road. Through the stability analysis with Lyapunov theory, it is found that tread self-excited vibration is periodic oscillation caused by Hopf bifurcation. The analysis of the lateral vibration of driving wheel shows that the tread vibration system loses its stability and self-excited vibration occurs when the wheel is rolling at a high speed, is over-loaded, is having a large toe-in angle, or is under a low tire pressure. On this basis, the dynamic behaviors of the driving and follower wheels are distinguished with different slip rates by the numerical simulation. Compared with the dynamic behaviors of the follower wheel under the same condition, the self-excited vibration occurs on the driving wheel with more limited parameter scope, lower oscillation energy, and lower occurrence, which explains why the polygonal wear is less likely to occur on the driving wheel.
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Ryzhikov, I. N., O. V. Repetskiy, and Van Vinh Nguyen. "Numerical analysis of dynamics and durability of rotor elements in gas turbine engines." iPolytech Journal 26, no. 2 (July 4, 2022): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2022-2-173-183.
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In this work, an accurate algorithm for calculating the durability of rotor wheels in gas turbine engines undergoing detuning of parameters was developed. The finite element method, underlying the Ansys Software, was used for modelling free and forced oscillations of rotor wheels. During the experiments, the detuning was simulated by attaching additional masses to the wheel blades. The calculations of frequencies, modes of forced oscillations, as well as dynamic stresses arising due to these oscillations, were carried out using the Fourier series. The schematisation of dynamic stresses, i.e. differentiation of obtained stresses into levels having specific amplitudes, was used to calculate durability. The main research result comprises the developed algorithm for calculating the durability of rotor wheels of gas-turbine engines subjected to parameter detuning. This algorithm served as a basis for the Ocs_Rotor software for investigating the natural oscillations of blades and rotor wheels under parameter detuning. Using this software, the natural frequencies and oscillation modes of the blades were calculated. Dynamic stresses under forced oscillations, as well as durability of the rotor wheel, were calculated using the obtained results. The results of calculating the service life of an actual rotor wheel having three different positions of blades under detuning allowed the construction having the maximum service life of 1.75 * 105 hours to be selected. Comparing the results of calculations, obtained using the Ocs_Rotor software, with those of field experiments, carried out at Brandenburg Technical University (Cottbus, Germany), demonstrated high accuracy characterised by a maximum error of 4 %. This suggests that the software may be used to design structures of maximum service life. The results of durability calculations of an actual rotor wheel having different blade positions under detuning allowed practical recommendations for engineers on the positioning of the blades in the wheel to be established.
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Zhang, Shi Jun, and Hui Zhi Sun. "Modeling and Analysis of the Proportional Control Four-Wheel Steering Vehicle Handling and Stability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 376 (August 2013): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.376.243.
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Four-wheel steering (4ws) refers to the meaning of besides usually turn the front wheels of the vehicle, plus the corresponding rear wheel steering. Its main purpose is to increase the vehicle steering stability at high speed or in lateral force under the action , improve the vehicle steering portability at low speed and turning radius at high speed.A 4ws vehicle dynamic model with two-degree of freedom[1,2] was established, and presents the corresponding dynamic equation. Using the theory of vehicle handling dynamics,according to the 4ws vehicle dynamic equation,the transient response of 4ws vehicle steering are detailed analyzed.Compared with 2ws steering, illustrates the manipulation of 4ws vehicle has strong handling stability.
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Chen, Keji, Xiaofei Pei, Guocheng Ma, and Xuexun Guo. "Longitudinal/Lateral Stability Analysis of Vehicle Motion in the Nonlinear Region." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3419108.
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We focus on the study of motion stability of vehicle nonlinear dynamics. The dynamic model combining with Burckhardt tire model is firstly derived. By phase portrait method, the vehicle stability differences of three cases, front wheels steering/four-wheel steering case, front/rear/four-wheel braking case, and high/low road friction case, are characterized. With the Jacobian matrix, the stable equilibrium point is found and stable areas are calculated out. Similarly, the stability boundaries corresponding to different working conditions are also captured. With vehicle braking or accelerating in the steering process, the relationship between front/rear wheel slippage and the stable area is examined. Comparing with current literatures, the research method and its results present the novelty and provide a guideline for new vehicle controller design.
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Qian, Yao, Ping Wang, Jiayin Chen, G. Bethel Lulu, Jingmang Xu, and Boyang An. "Numerical investigation of the influence of the creep curve on the wheel–rail contact damage in high-speed railway turnouts." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 233, no. 9 (December 26, 2018): 926–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409718819574.
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This paper studies the wheel–rail creep curve characteristics and dynamic behaviour in high-speed railway turnouts by considering different wheel–rail surfaces and simulating them using a dynamic functional vehicle–track model with different friction and Kalker’s weight coefficients. The dynamic performance and damage coefficient of CRH2 locomotive passing through the 18# turnout at a speed of 80 km/h are discussed under different friction and Kalker’s weight coefficients. The results show that the Kalker’s weight and friction coefficients have less influence on the wheel–rail dynamics and wear performance at low values. Vehicle operating stability is the highest when the high-speed wheels pass through the switching area and the Kalker’s weight coefficient is 0.1. In this case, both fatigue damage and wear are low. When the Kalker’s weight coefficient at the crossing area is 1 and the friction coefficient is 0.5, the dynamic wheel–rail performance is good, with reduced wear and good wheel–rail contact. When the Kalker’s weight coefficient is 0.1, the maximum wear number of the closure panel is closer to the lower limit of the second region of the damage function, and both fatigue damage and wear are very low. The results are useful for accurately describing the wheel–rail contact relationship in high-speed turnouts and for finding the most appropriate creep curve to decrease wear and to prolong the turnout service life.
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Artyomov, Nikolay, Mikhail Podrigalo, and Aziz Abdulgazis. "Analyzing the dynamics of a single car wheel." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 02102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822402102.
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The paper presents an analytical solution to the equation of dynamic energy spending for rectilinear uniform rousset of a drive wheel with an elastic tire when driving on a solid support surface. To that end, the paper proposes different initial calculation charts to analyze the dynamics of the drive wheel; it also finds the efficiency and the additional energy spending in wheel rousset.
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Jing, Hui, Rongrong Wang, Cong Li, and Jinxiang Wang. "Differential steering-based electric vehicle lateral dynamics control with rollover consideration." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 234, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 338–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651819855810.
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This article investigates the differential steering-based schema to control the lateral and rollover motions of the in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicles. Generated from the different torque of the front two wheels, the differential steering control schema will be activated to function the driver’s request when the regular steering system is in failure, thus avoiding dangerous consequences for in-wheel motor electric vehicles. On the contrary, when the vehicle is approaching rollover, the torque difference between the front two wheels will be decreased rapidly, resulting in failure of differential steering. Then, the vehicle rollover characteristic is also considered in the control system to enhance the efficiency of the differential steering. In addition, to handle the low cost measurement problem of the reference of front wheel steering angle and the lateral velocity, an [Formula: see text] observer-based control schema is presented to regulate the vehicle stability and handling performance, simultaneously. Finally, the simulation is performed based on the CarSim–Simulink platform, and the results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control schema.
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Ji, Yuanjin, and Lihui Ren. "Anti-overturning capacity and critical roll angle of straddling monorail vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 23 (January 15, 2018): 4420–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217753234.
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Straddling monorail vehicles are a new rail transportation mode in which the bearing, running, and guiding rely on rubber tyre running gears. Since the lateral span of the running wheel is small, stabilizing wheels are added to enhance the anti-overturning capacity, which is influenced by the contact between the stability wheels and track beam. If one stabilizing wheel loses contact with the track beam, the tendency to overturn increases significantly. To ensure the straddling monorail vehicle has a stable anti-overturning capacity, an initial preload pressure is applied to the all stabilizing wheels and guiding wheels. The specific preload pressure of the stabilizing and guiding wheels is a unique issue of straddling monorail vehicles. This paper deduced a flexible coefficient formula of straddling monorail vehicles, validated the accuracy of the flexible coefficient formula based on dynamics simulations, and discussed the correlation between the flexibility coefficient and stabilizing wheel contact conditions. According to the variation regularity of the anti-overturning capacity of straddling monorail vehicles, the concept of vehicle critical roll angle was proposed. The calculation formula of the critical roll angle of straddling monorail vehicles was determined, and its accuracy was validated by dynamics simulations. Based on the above fundamentals, a functional relationship between the critical roll angle and stabilizing wheel preload pressure was derived. This paper proposed that the value of stabilizing wheel preload pressure should be reasonably determined according to the critical roll angle and discussed the maximum and minimum speed limit of curve negotiating.
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Chen, Di Lai, Jian Xin Liu, Kai Jun Du, and Yan Wang. "Analysis of the Deterioration of Harmonic Local Irregularity on Locomotive Wheel-Rail Vertical Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 684 (October 2014): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.684.137.
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By the MATLAB software the article simulated the local irregularity, the new harmonic excitation superimposed on the initial harmonic to simulate track settlement deterioration, the new uplift excitation superimposed on the initial harmonic to simulate track raised deterioration, as the locomotive model external excitation, using the SIMPACK multi-body dynamics simulation software to analyze the influences of the deterioration of harmonic local irregularity on locomotive wheel-rail vertical force, on the basis of the locomotive wheel-rail interaction dynamics index by the locomotive vehicle dynamics theory. The simulation results show that when the deterioration of harmonic local irregularity occurs, even if the amplitude of deterioration is small, which will cause serious deterioration of wheel-rail dynamic response and strong shock and vibration of wheel-rail .The larger amplitude of harmonic local irregularity, the greater of the maximum wheel-rail vertical force. When deterioration of the amplitude exceeds a certain value, the maximum of the wheel-rail vertical force exceedes the limit, which will cause derailment. The wheel-rail dynamic interaction increases with the speed increasing. At the same speed (such as 120km/h), harmonic local irregularity settlement deterioration compareing to harmonic local irregularity raised deterioration, the maximum of the wheel-rail vertical force increases 14.4%. Therefore, local irregularity deterioration or the speed of the locomotive should be strictly controlled.
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Jothi, S., V. Balamurugan, and K. Malar Mohan. "Ride Dynamics of a Tracked Vehicle with a Finite Element Vehicle Model." Defence Science Journal 66, no. 1 (January 27, 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.9201.
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<p>Research on tracked vehicle dynamics is by and large limited to multi-rigid body simulation. For realistic prediction of vehicle dynamics, it is better to model the vehicle as multi-flexible body. In this paper, tracked vehicle is modelled as a mass-spring system with sprung and unsprung masses of the physical tracked vehicle by Finite element method. Using the equivalent vehicle model, dynamic studies are carried out by imparting vertical displacement inputs to the road wheels. Ride characteristics of the vehicle are captured by modelling the road wheel arms as flexible elements using Finite element method. In this work, a typical tracked vehicle test terrain viz., Trapezoidal blocks terrain (APG terrain) is considered. Through the simulations, the effect of the road wheel arm flexibility is monitored. Result of the analysis of equivalent vehicle model with flexible road wheel arms, is compared with the equivalent vehicle model with rigid road wheel arms and also with the experimental results of physical tracked vehicle. Though there is no major difference in the vertical bounce response between the flexible model and the rigid model, but there is a visible difference in the roll condition. Result of the flexible vehicle model is also reasonably matches with the experimental result.</p><p><strong>Defence Science Journal, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 2016, pp. 19-25, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.9201</strong></p>
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Gao, Run, Qixin He, Qibo Feng, and Jianying Cui. "In-Service Detection and Quantification of Railway Wheel Flat by the Reflective Optical Position Sensor." Sensors 20, no. 17 (September 2, 2020): 4969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174969.
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Railway wheel tread flat is one of the main faults of railway wheels, which brings great harm to the safety of vehicle operation. In order to detect wheel flats dynamically and quantitatively when trains are running at high speed, a new wheel flat detection system based on the self-developed reflective optical position sensor is demonstrated in this paper. In this system, two sensors were mounted along each rail to measure the wheel-rail impact force of the entire circumference by detecting the displacement of the collimated laser spot. In order to establish a quantitative relationship between the sensor signal and the wheel flat length, a vehicle-track coupling dynamics analysis model was developed using the finite element method and multi-body dynamics method. The effects of train speed, load, wheel flat lengths, as well as the impact positions on impact forces were simulated and evaluated, and the measured data can be normalized according to the simulation results. The system was assessed through simulation and laboratory investigation, and real field tests were conducted to certify its validity and correctness. The system can determine the position of the flat wheel and can realize the quantification of the detected wheel flat, which has extensive application prospects.
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Quan SUN, Yan, Maksym SPIRYAGIN, Colin COLE, and Dwayne NIELSEN. "WHEEL–RAIL WEAR INVESTIGATION ON A HEAVY HAUL BALLOON LOOP TRACK THROUGH SIMULATIONS OF SLOW SPEED WAGON DYNAMICS." Transport 33, no. 3 (October 2, 2018): 843–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2017.1355843.
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Heavy haul railway track infrastructure are commonly equipped with balloon loops to allow trains to be loaded/unloaded and/or to reverse the direction of travel. The slow operational speed of trains on these sharp curves results in some unique issues regarding the wear process between wheels and rails. A wagon dynamic system model has been applied to simulate the dynamic behaviour in order to study the wheel–rail contact wear conditions. A wheel–rail wear index is used to assess the wear severity. The simulation shows that the lubrication to reduce the wheel–rail contact friction coefficient can significantly reduce the wear severity. Furthermore, the effects of important parameters on wheel–rail contact wear including curve radius, wagon speed and track superelevation have also been considered.
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Deng, Yaoji, Youqun Zhao, Han Xu, Fen Lin, and Qiuwei Wang. "Rigid-flexible coupling modelling and dynamic performance analysis of novel flexible road wheel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 234, no. 1 (September 11, 2019): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419319874198.
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A novel flexible road wheel with hub-hinge-ring combined structure is introduced to improve the buffer damping performance and lightweight level of tracked vehicles. To balance computational efficiency and precision, an advanced rigid-flexible coupled model of the flexible road wheel is established using a hybrid modelling method combining finite element method and multi-body dynamics. The reliability and accuracy of the established rigid-flexible coupled model are verified by wheel static loading experiment. The modal flexible body of the elastic outer ring is developed by modified Craig-Bampton method and the simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on the verified rigid-flexible coupled model, the dynamic characteristics of the flexible road wheel under typical operation conditions were investigated. The simulation results show that when the motion state changes, the elastic outer ring will produce a hysteretic angle with respect to the hub, delaying the transmission of torque. The system parameters have a greater effect on the vertical vibration of the flexible road wheel. The higher the vehicle speed, the more vibration will be caused, and the increase in the load and number of hinge groups will reduce the vibration. The research results provide reference for structure optimization of flexible road wheel and lay a foundation for flexible multi-body dynamic simulation of tracked vehicles with flexible road wheels.
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Du, Jian Hua, Hong Yun Shen, and Yu Lin Wang. "The Preliminary Study on Wheel-and-Rail Dynamical Model of High-Speed Train." Advanced Materials Research 1082 (December 2014): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1082.501.
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the study on dynamical model of wheel and rail of high-speed train is a focus nowadays. In this paper, the dynamical model of wheel and rail of high-speed train is constructed according to the damping force and the dry friction between wheel and rail. The dynamics of the model was studied and the dynamical system of wheel and rail without collision was analyzed, which povides the theoretical basis for engineering.
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Huang, Ze Hao, Xu Sheng Lu, Wen Qiang Xu, and Zhang Dong Sun. "Study on Ride Comfort of ATV with Three Wheels Based on Rigid-Flexible Coupling Systerm." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 1802–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.1802.
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In this paper, the ride comfort of the ATV( with two wheels in the front and one wheel in the rear) is the research object. The software of hypermesh and asams establish rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model and simulate the ride comfort. After the comparative analysis between the vehicle ride comfort and four-wheel all -terrain motorbike, its ride comfort has been optimized.
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Zuo, Shuguang, Duoqiang Li, Yu Mao, and Wenzhe Deng. "Longitudinal vibration analysis and suppression of electric wheel system driven by in-wheel motor considering unbalanced magnetic pull." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 11 (October 10, 2018): 2729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018806118.
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With the blowout of electric vehicles recently, the key parts of the electric vehicles driven by in-wheel motors named the electric wheel system become the core of development research. The torque ripple of the in-wheel motor mainly results in the longitudinal dynamics of the electric wheel system. The excitation sources are first analyzed through the finite element method, including the torque ripple induced by the in-wheel motor and the unbalanced magnetic pull produced by the relative motion between the stator and rotor. The accuracy of the finite element model is verified by the back electromotive force test of the in-wheel motor. Second, the longitudinal-torsional coupled dynamic model is established. The proposed model can take into account the unbalanced magnetic pull. Based on the model, the modal characteristics and the longitudinal dynamics of the electric wheel system are analyzed. The coupled dynamic model is verified by the vibration test of the electric wheel system. Two indexes, namely, the root mean square of longitudinal vibration of the stator and the signal-to-noise ratio of the tire slip rate, are proposed to evaluate the electric wheel longitudinal performance. The influence of unbalanced magnetic pull on the evaluation indexes of the longitudinal dynamics is analyzed. Finally, the influence of motor’s structural parameters on the average torque, torque ripple, and equivalent electromagnetic stiffness are analyzed through the orthogonal test. A surrogate model between the structural parameters of the in-wheel motor and the average torque, torque ripple, and equivalent electromagnetic stiffness is established based on the Bp neural network. The torque ripple and the equivalent electromagnetic stiffness are then reduced through optimizing the structural parameters of the in-wheel motor. It turns out that the proposed Bp neural network–based method is effective to suppress the longitudinal vibration of the electric wheel system.
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Rosenblat, Grigory, Vladimir Tishkin, and Vladimir Yashin. "Model of Carriage Movement on Plane with Dry Friction Forces." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 16, no. 08 (July 17, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v16i07.14551.
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Wheel slip model is an important aspect of vehicle driving stability and safety control. However, in most of the carriage movement models friction forces and wheel slip effect are being neglected. This paper raises the problem of wheel slip in dangerous driving and autonomous vehicles under critical driving modes, then tasks the modeling of movement of an individual vehicle is considered. These are two tasks of nonholonomic mechanics: 1) the movement of a wheelset without wheel slip (two disks freely mounted on an axis) along an inclined plane in the field of gravity, and 2) the movement of a flat wheel model, which, under certain assumptions, can be a four-wheeled carriage. In these tasks, in addition to the standard dynamics (continuous motion without wheel slip), critical situations can also be observed associated with wheel sleep and separation of wheels from plane.
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Song, Ying, Lei Liang, Yanliang Du, and Baochen Sun. "Railway Polygonized Wheel Detection Based on Numerical Time-Frequency Analysis of Axle-Box Acceleration." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (February 28, 2020): 1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051613.
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The increasing need for repairs of polygonized wheels on high-speed railways in China is becoming problematic. At high speeds, polygonized wheels cause abnormal vibrations at the wheel-rail interface that can be detected via axle-box accelerations. To investigate the quantitative relationship between axle-box acceleration and wheel polygonization in both the time and frequency domains and under high-speed conditions, a dynamics model was developed to simulate the vehicle-track coupling system and that considers both wheel and track flexibility. The calculated axle-box accelerations were analyzed by using the improved ensemble empirical mode decomposition and Wigner-Ville distribution time-frequency method. The numerical results show that the maximum axle-box accelerations and their frequencies are quantitatively related to the harmonic order and out-of-roundness amplitude of polygonized wheels. In addition, measuring the axle-box acceleration enables both the detection of wheel polygonization and the identification of the degree of damage.
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Filomeno Amador, Luis Daniel, and Eduardo Castillo Castañeda. "Kinematic and dynamic analysis of an omnidirectional mobile platform driven by a spherical wheel." Mechanical Sciences 13, no. 1 (February 7, 2022): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-31-2022.
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Abstract. The increased use of spherical wheels has allowed mobile robots to have a higher degree of maneuverability, less complex path planning and less complex control schemes. The geometry and design of the mobile robot are the principal attributes that guarantee an omnidirectional motion. Furthermore, the platform uses an active spherical wheel and four passive spherical wheels to get the best stability when the robot uses a terminal element (Kärcher). The proposed model has been designed to improve the omnidirectional motion issues, such as vibration into the platform or lack of punctual contact between the wheel and the floor, compared to mobile robots using Mecanum wheels and more than one active wheel; due to the design concept, all the mathematical formulations, kinematics and dynamics presents how the models are validated with computer simulations.
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Zhou, Yaoqun, Frank Gauterin, Hans-Joachim Unrau, and Michael Frey. "Experimental Study of Tire-Wheel-Suspension Dynamics in Rolling over Cleat and Abrupt Braking Conditions." Tire Science and Technology 43, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 42–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/tire.15.430102.
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ABSTRACT The braking performance of recent vehicles is controlled by the interaction between the antilock braking system (ABS) and the transmitted force between road and tire. Because of tire and suspension elasticity, an abrupt braking or the ABS regulation initiates tire belt and wheel axle oscillations, which lead to a closed loop of acceleration and force transmission in the tire-wheel-suspension assembly in both translational and rotational directions. As a result, the oscillation of wheel slip and wheel load can influence the force transmission potential in the contact patch and thus the braking distance as well. The objective of the presented study is to investigate the influence of the tire-wheel-suspension dynamics on the force transmission potential between tire and road. To obtain acceleration and force dynamics in the tire-wheel-suspension assembly without inducing the influence from other vehicle components, a McPherson suspension was isolated from a real car and adapted to the inner drum test bench at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Vehicle System Technology. After mounting different tires, measurements were carried out under various driving conditions. First, tire measurements with a measuring hub were done on the test bench to obtain both quasistatic characteristics and dynamic response in rolling over cleat. Second, different tire-wheel-suspension assemblies were driven on the test bench while the wheel brake was initiated by a hydraulic braking system based on a modified ESP control unit. This modified unit allows generation of abrupt braking pressure slopes by a direct control of the valves. The accelerations of different wheel-suspension components and forces in the links were measured. In this article, the experimental study of the dynamics of a run-flat and a standard tire and their respective coupled assembly with the suspension excited by rolling over cleat and abrupt braking is presented. After a description of the experimental setup, the results of tire-wheel-suspension dynamics of two different tires will be analyzed, interpreted, and compared. Furthermore, a simulation model of the tire-wheel-suspension assembly with the FTire model and dynamic models of suspension components will be built up.
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Na, Gyujin, and Yongsoon Eun. "Actuator Fault Detection for Unmanned Ground Vehicles Considering Friction Coefficients." Sensors 21, no. 22 (November 18, 2021): 7674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227674.
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This paper proposes an actuator fault detection method for unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) dynamics with four mecanum wheels. The actuator fault detection method is based on unknown input observers for linear parameter varying systems. The technical novelty of current work compared to similar work in the literature is that wheel frictions are directly taken into account in the dynamics of UGV, and unknown input observers are developed accordingly. Including the wheel friction, the vehicle dynamics are in the form of linear parameter varying systems. Friction estimation is also discussed in this work, and the effect of friction mismatch was quantitatively investigated by simulations. The effectiveness of proposed method was evaluated under various operation scenarios of the UGV.
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Marjani, Seyed Rahim, and Davood Younesian. "Active Vibration Control for the Mitigation of Wheel Squeal Noise Based on a Fuzzy Self-Tuning PID Controller." Shock and Vibration 2022 (July 21, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3978230.
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The wheel squeal noise of a train is often made when it passes a tight curve. The noise annoys the passengers and the people living close to railway tracks. According to the research background, wheel vibration, as a result of unstable contact force, is the main source of wheel squeal noise. This study presents a novel method to reduce wheel squeal noise based on the active vibration control of wheels and the use of piezoelectric actuators attached to wheel treads. The proposed method is implemented in an experimentally validated time model involving the linear dynamics of wheel and track and nonlinear contact forces. Then, the model is modified to enhance the effect of the piezoelectric actuators. The relationship between the momentum and the voltage applied to the piezoelectric patch is also considered in modeling. To determine the amplitude and the direction of the applied voltage, a feedback controller is designed based on the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller scheme. This controller is similar to the conventional PID controller, but its coefficients are tuned by the fuzzy tuning mechanism according to the wheel response. The results show that the proposed method is capable of suppressing wheel squeal noise, especially in high frequencies. Furthermore, it is as applicable to worn wheels as to new ones.
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KAGIWADA, Tadao, and Hiroyuki HARADA. "119 Dynamics of Disk Wheel and Wheel Nut-Loosening Process." Proceedings of Conference of Hokkaido Branch 2005.44 (2005): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehokkaido.2005.44.38.
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You, S.-S., and S.-K. Jeong. "Vehicle dynamics and control synthesis for four-wheel steering passenger cars." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 212, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 449–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407981526109.
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This paper is concerned with the active robust autopilot design of a four-wheel steering vehicle against external disturbances. Firstly, the effect of four-wheel steering and independent wheel torques for lateral/directional and roll motions is modelled by a set of linear models under proper manoeuvring conditions. To enhance the dynamic performance of an automobile system, a mixed H2/H∞ synthesis with pole constraint is designed on the basis of full state feedback applying linear matrix inequality (LMI) theory. For lateral/directional and roll motions, the steering angles are actively controlled by steering wheel angles through the actuator dynamics. The wheel power and braking are also controlled by independent wheel torques. Simulation results indicate that the proposed control approach can achieve predetermined performance (or acceptable level of disturbance attenuation) and stability as well as robustness even when external disturbances are severe. The active 4WS car along with steering and wheel torque control algorithms allows greater manoeuvrability and improved stability in a wide range of uncertainty.
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Liu, Yang, Jian Xin Liu, and Yu Jiang Guo. "Study on Dynamic Simulation Input Form of Locomotive Wheel Flat." Applied Mechanics and Materials 215-216 (November 2012): 946–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.215-216.946.
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For the railway vehicles,flat damage on wheels is a very common defects,the sudden impact and vibration caused by flat damage on wheels endangers the wheels and the rail components a lot.The cause for flat damage on wheels,its physical characteristic, geometric representation,and its precaution are discussed in this paper,and applied to the Simpack multi-body dynamics software, a input form for flat damage on wheel was given.
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Liu, Xuqi, Zhenxing He, Yukui Wang, Lirong Yang, Haiyong Wang, and Long Cheng. "The Wheel Flat Identification Based on Variational Modal Decomposition—Envelope Spectrum Method of the Axlebox Acceleration." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (July 6, 2022): 6837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12146837.
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The wheel flat can cause train and rail system infrastructure damage and endanger the running safety. To monitor the early wheel flat, it is urgent to carry out the theoretical basic research on the relationship between the vibration signal and the wheel flat. Moreover, to extract the characteristics of the wheel flat, an advanced and effective signal processing method need to be studied. A three-dimensional vehicle-track coupled dynamics model verified by field test is established based on the multi-body dynamics at first. The acceleration of the axlebox excited by the different wheel flat length is obtained by the dynamic simulation. The simulation considers the influence of various speeds and the short-wavelength track irregularities. Then, a combined method based on the variational modal decomposition (VMD) and the envelope spectrum (ES) is employed to detect the wheel flat signal. The feasibility of the method is further validated by comparing the co-existence of the wheel flat and the wheel eccentricity. Finally, field test is carried out to detect the wheel flat by using this method. The results indicate that the VMD-ES method accurately extracts the impact characteristics of the wheel flat and can quantitatively identify the wheel flat faults of small sizes.
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Wang, Zhi Chen, Ying Song, and Ying Ming Shen. "A New Monitoring Method of Wheel/Rail Contact Forces Caused by Out-of-Round Railway Wheels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1125.
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Traditional methods of wheel-rail contact forces measurement all need strain gauges on wheel sets or rails. The shortcomings of strain gauges such as zero-drift, poor anti-interference property and instability of test system can’t meat wheel/rail force test requirements in high-speed railways. A method based on PVDF piezoelectric sensing technology is presented for the test of wheel/rail contact force. Firstly, on the basis of the theory of vehicle-track coupling dynamics and by means of simulation software ADAMS/Rail, a three-dimensional train-track simulation model is established. Secondly, the modes and characteristics of wheel/rail impact vibrations due to non-roundness of railway wheels are investigated in high-speed railway operation. The relationship between the range for acceptable roundness values and vehicle speed is determined. Finally, the view that it is of important significance to establish wheel/rail force real-time monitoring system is expanded, so that abnormal conditions caused by out-of-round wheels can be detected in time, to ensure high-speed railway traffic safety. The study is very important for enhancing the stability and economy signification of rail transmission.
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Li, Yan Jie, and Zhen Wei Wu. "Modeling and Simulation of a Six-Leg-Wheel Hybrid Mobile Robot Based on ADAMS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (June 2010): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.194.
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The dynamic modeling of a six-leg-wheel hybrid mobile robot was built using ADAMS software in this paper. Using the ADAMS model, the kinematic simulation, including the displacement, velocity and acceleration of each part of the robot, can be carried out and the dynamic simulation, including driving torque of joints, contact force and torque between the wheels with ground and the ability of obstacle negotiation, can also be achieved. The simulation examples were presented. The simulation analyses provide the theory basis for the design of the robot control system based on dynamics.
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Zhang, Kaiming, Xudong Zheng, Zhang Chen, Bin Liang, Tianshu Wang, and Qi Wang. "Non-smooth dynamic modeling and simulation of an unmanned bicycle on a curved pavement." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 43, no. 1 (January 2022): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10483-022-2811-5.
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AbstractThe non-smooth dynamic model of an unmanned bicycle is established to study the contact-separate and stick-slip non-smooth phenomena between wheels and the ground. According to the Carvallo-Whipple configuration, the unmanned bicycle is reduced to four rigid bodies, namely, rear wheel, rear frame, front fork, and front wheel, which are connected by perfect revolute joints. The interaction between each wheel and the ground is simplified as the normal contact force and the friction force at the contact point, and these forces are described by the Hunt-Crossley contact force model and the LuGre friction force model, respectively. According to the characteristics of flat and curved pavements, calculation methods for contact forces and their generalized forces are presented. The dynamics of the system is modeled by the Lagrange equations of the first kind, a numerical solution algorithm of the dynamic equations is presented, and the Baumgarte stabilization method is used to restrict the drift of the constraints. The correctness of the dynamic model and the numerical algorithm is verified in comparison with the previous studies. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated by simulations under different motion states.
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SHIMANOVSKY, Alexandr O., Marina G. KUZNIATSOVA, and Volha U. DZEMYANCHUK. "COMPUTER MODELING OF INTERACTION DYNAMICS OF THE RAILWAY CAR WHEELSET WITH BRAKING SHOES." Mechanics of Machines, Mechanisms and Materials 4, no. 57 (December 2021): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46864/1995-0470-2021-4-57-48-55.
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The paper considers the problem of keeping cars from rolling away on station railway tracks with a permissible slope of 0–2.5 ‰. The study presents the computer simulation results for the dynamic interaction of wheels with brake shoes installed on rails in the process of stopping a freight train car using standard brake shoes in the MSC.ADAMS engineering software package. In this case, various properties of the rail surface were taken into account, simulating favorable and unfavorable conditions for contact between the wheel, brake shoe and rail at braking due to both weather conditions and the peculiarities of station tracks location and operation. The interaction of the car wheels with the maximum axle load and the station brake shoes installed on the rails was studied at different initial velocities of the vehicle movement, as well as when it is at rest on tracks with the permissible slope under the conditions of ensuring the minimum friction between the wheel and the rail, as well as the interaction of rail and shoe was analyzed, which corresponds to the presence of the train on oily rails. It is demonstrated that it is not always possible for one brake shoe put on the oily rail to hold the train moving with the initial velocity more than 0.5 m/sec. Under other conditions of the wheel-brake shoe collision, the problem of keeping the train on the rails is also possible, due to such random factors as lateral wind load, rail icing, wear and deformation of the wheel surface and brake shoe, which reduce the dynamic friction coefficient between the contacting surfaces.
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Acquah, Kobby, and Ying Chen. "Discrete Element Modelling of Soil Compaction of a Press-Wheel." AgriEngineering 3, no. 2 (May 19, 2021): 278–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering3020019.
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Press-wheels are wheels designed to compact the soil above seeds in the “seed cover” region. Soil compaction, produced by the press-wheels of seeders, affects seedling emergence and early plant growth. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) was used to model the amount of soil compaction from a press-wheel with varying down forces. The model was used to predict sinkage and rolling resistance of the press-wheel. The model results were validated with data from soil bin tests of the press-wheel in a sandy loam soil under varying soil moisture content levels (low, medium, and high). The sinkage results from the soil bin tests were 27.7, 26.7, and 25.2 mm for the low, medium, and high soil moisture content levels, respectively. The corresponding rolling resistances obtained from the tests were 104.4, 89.9, and 113.6 N. The press-wheel model adequately predicted the sinkage and rolling resistance for each soil moisture content level with overall Relative Mean Errors (RME) ranging from 13 to 23%. Additional simulation results show that average peak soil stresses across the three soil moisture contents at a depth of 0.12 m were 22,466.7, 8700.0, and 6900.0 Pa for vertical, horizontal, and lateral directions, respectively. The results enhance the understanding of the dynamics of the soil–press-wheel interaction and provided useful information for seeder press-wheel design.