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1
Antela, Borja. "Editorial." Karanos. Bulletin of Ancient Macedonian Studies 1 (November 8, 2018): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/karanos.11.
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To launch a new journal is never an easy task. Given the wealth of digital journals on Antiquity available today, what is the point of creating another one? This question, along with many others, will have occurred to anyone who has ever entertained the notion of becoming a journal editor.
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Chapinal-Heras, Diego. "Archelaos I and the development of Macedon." Karanos. Bulletin of Ancient Macedonian Studies 5 (December 15, 2022): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/karanos.75.
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The aim of this paper is to examine the figure of Archelaos I and developments in Macedon during his reign and the 5th century as a whole. Literary accounts point to what might have been an attempt to improve the administration and organization of the kingdom. A careful analysis of the sources is essential to understand the role played by Archelaos I, together with the position that Macedon occupied in the Greek world, in a series of developments during those years which offered the kingdom the opportunity to increase its power.
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Gruen, Erich Stephen. "The Coronation of the Diadochi." Karanos. Bulletin of Ancient Macedonian Studies 1 (November 8, 2018): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/karanos.8.
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The year 310 B.C. witnessed the extinction of the Argead line. Cassander had ordered the murder of Young Alexander IV and his mother Roxane, widow of Alexander the Great. The kingdom of Macedonia was now without a king. Cassander’s deed cleared the way for the ambitious dynasts who controlled the armies and lands of the eastern Mediterranean. Yet no one stepped forth to claim the crown. The throne lay vacant for four years. In 306 the situation changed in dramatic fashion. Antigonus Monophthalmus took the title of King, and a chain reaction followed. Within a short span of time, Ptolemy, Seleucus, Lysimachus, and Cassander all acquired the same title. The Hellenistic world which had had no monarch for half a decade suddenly had a plethora of them. But what kind of monarchy, how viewed and how justified? The matter is important. It helped give shape to the age of Alexander’s Successors.
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Molina, Antonio Ignacio. "Luisa Prandi." Karanos. Bulletin of Ancient Macedonian Studies 5 (December 15, 2022): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/karanos.98.
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Luisa Prandi (born in 1952) has showed a great interest in Classics and the Ancient World even from her earliest age. Her love for the Ancient Greek world arose during her studies at the University of Milan. As a student of distinguished scholars such as Marta Sordi (1925-2009), Luigi F. Pizzolato (1939-), Giuseppe Billanovich (1913-2000) and Orsolina Montevecchi (1911-2009), she learned from each of them a devotion for the study of the ancient sources that have made, with a great merit, that she becomes one of the best and most recognized scholars on the ancient world. She is, also, a main name in the research of the topic of the Historians of Alexander or Alexandrographers. These authors are fundamental for the knowledge of the Macedonian king: as she uses to argue, we cannot write a single word about Alexander overlooking them”. Writing about Alexander is a such a Herculean task, since there is no other figure of whom there are more historians with extreme contradictions among their accounts. It is almost impossible to say something new about Alexander, but to say about his historians, about whom so few fragments are available, is even more difficult.
Prof. Luisa Prandi’s brilliant versatility is quite a strange attribute among academics: she has showed many times her abilities to work directly with all kinds of sources (especially papyri), but always with a sober, serious, and noncontroversial approach. Readers will find in her a person of carefully taste concerning what to say and how to stress her opinions and views. That seriousness is reflected and witnessed when she writes, since she belongs to that wonderful school of researchers who are aware that theories will pass but the facts (sources) are the ones that remain. From that humility and that certainty, Luisa Prandi presents herself to our readers of Karanos.
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Razzak, J. A., S. P. Luby, L. Laflamme, and H. Chotani. "Injuries among children in Karachi, Pakistan—what, where and how." Public Health 118, no. 2 (March 2004): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3506(03)00147-1.
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Waaka, Mere. "He Reo Reitū." He Rourou 1, no. 1 (November 4, 2021): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.54474/herourou.1.1.2920212.
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I runga ngā kōrero whakawhiti a tōkū tumuaki o te Kura a Rohe o Uawa me Kahukuranui, ka kōrero hoki ki ētahi o ngā kaumātua / pakeke, otira mai ngā kai korero katoa, mai i te hāpori o Uawa ka whakaurahia te tauihu o tēnei kaupapa, kia tūteitei ai ki ngā whakangarungaru o te ao hurihuri nei, kia ora mo ake tonu atu. Ka karapinepine i ngā māramatanga me ngā kōrero tuku iho ā rātau mā ka whakatakoto i waenga i ngā reiputa o te iwi o Te Aitanga a Hauiti kia whiriwhiria mai ngā whenu o te karanga. I au e whakaritorito i ngā pūkōrero, ngā kai kōrero, ki ngā kōtiro hoki mai te whārua o Uawa, ka tō te aro, ki te hanga he rauemi, ki te whai take a hangarau, ki te pāhekoheko ki te ahurea wānanga, ki ngā horopaki o tēnei wā, ko te karanga hei ako. No reira, nā runga i te rongo i te karanga a te kura, te karanga a te hāpori kei te mimiti te reo karanga ki runga i ngā marae, ka pūmina ake te whakaaro, “he reo reitū” te kaupapa. Ko tōna tikanga ka āhei te ākonga ki te whanake, ki te whakapakari, ki te whakangungu, i runga i te tika me te pono, ngā whenu o te karanga. Ko rātau hoki te reo reitū, mo apōpō, hei kanohi mo te reo okawa, hei pupuri te reo mana-aki o te marae, kia ora ai tēnei taonga ki tua o pae. No reira ko te ahunga o te reo reitū kīhai ki ōku tīpuna, koinei te reo ka rangonatia ake e te ao wairua kārekau rawa e ōrite ana ki te kōrero ā-waha.
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Talaue, Gilbert M., and Tahir Iqbal. "Assessment of e-Business Mode of Selected Private Universities in the Philippines and Pakistan." International Journal of Online Marketing 7, no. 4 (October 2017): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijom.2017100105.
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The purpose of the study is to assess the e-business mode of the private universities in Pangasinan, Philippines and Karachi City, Pakistan. Specifically, it sought to find out the following: the profile of the websites of the private universities in Pangasinan, Philippines and Karachi, Pakistan in terms of technical aspects, services offered and website contents and its features; the level of e-business mode of these universities; and what can be evolved to address their stakeholders' needs for a more effective online business transaction. Descriptive method of research was utilized in this study. With the use of a documents and data analysis as data gathering tools, this study identified the e-business mode of the selected universities and suggested that these universities should level-up to assimilating mode to better serve their stakeholders. Based on the findings made, the followings conclusions were drawn: the status of e-business mode of private universities in Pangasinan and Karachi in terms of technical aspects is of the same level; when it comes to services offered, the ten universities offered the same services; in terms of website contents and features, it varies, but the basic features are present to the ten universities. In general, it can be concluded that the e-business mode of private universities in Pangasinan and Karachi falls under the same level, supporting mode level. It is recommended that the selected universities in Pangasinan and Karachi should upgrade their e-business mode to assimilating mode to better serve their stakeholders.
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Soomro, Tania Ali, Ayesha Agha Shah, and Yasira Naeem Pasha. "The Current State of Built Heritage in Karachi: The Case of Empress Market." Journal of Art Architecture and Built Environment 3, no. 1 (June 2020): 58–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jaabe.31.04.
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Modern Karachi has a fragmented and multifaceted social formation, while its historic core presents a diverse range of historical attributes of its built heritage. The increasing urban population of Karachi contributes heavily to its degradation including the degradation of its historical attributes. There is no effective heritage legislation and there are conflicts between what people do and what the government institutions do. Consequently, there is chaos and deterioration in the inner city. The city has been developing rapidly and the government has proposed many projects for the revival of the historic core of the city. However, most of them have not been successful. The objective of this research is to examine the situation in which heritage buildings face a serious threat. The current research focused on one such project, that is, the Empress Market ̶ the restoration and redevelopment of its historic precinct. It adopted physical observations, archival analysis, and site surveys along with photographic documentation and interviews of the local shop dwellers (especially to focus on the historical evolution of the building) as research techniques. The findings showed that the state of deprivation of the historic core of Karachi is the reflection of a collective devastation of the precinct in terms of social and historic values, which is further supported by the non-prevailing heritage legislative system. The research also investigates the present condition of the Empress Market in connection with its glorious past and urban decay befallen to it over time due to vandalism and the numerous restoration plans proposed for it over the years. The study can be beneficial to comprehend the ground realities concerning the survival of heritage properties within the cumulative urbanization process. The results can be used also to propose the rejuvenation of the lost splendor of the historic urban core of Karachi as a prototype for parallel development schemes.
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Khan, Nichola. "Sindh in Karachi: A topography of separateness, connectivity, and juxtaposition." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 38, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 938–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654420909395.
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From imperial ‘unhappy valley’, to decapitated province, commercial capital, and 21st century megacity, this article reflects on relations of separateness and connectivity between Sindh and its capital city Karachi. These culminated in Pakistan’s post-Independence years, in official and political language, governances of national, provincial and city division, and political rhetoric and violence. The article asks what else might be uncovered about their relationship other than customary alignments and partitions between an alien urban behemoth and a provincial periphery. It develops a topographical view to refer to the physical arrangement of environments but also people’s profane, spiritual and political connections and losses involving place and dwelling. This is expanded through examples of land appropriations involving urban real-estate development, environmental migrations and displacement, the idiom of the hijra and Sufistic devotion, and ethnic nationalist and religious extremism. The article questions ways losses of ground and attachment might unite people across provincial divides in an alternative, forward motion of cohabitation. It reveals a multi-layered historical tracing of ways that Sindh, as it is lived in Karachi and vice versa, digresses and wanders through deep cross-regional dynamics and developments. These create new departures from self and place, and rebuff the tendency to centre ‘other’ knowledges as the starting-point and epistemology for studies of Karachi and Sindh. Last, Karachi is a useful optic for thinking about continuities of colonialism and postcolonialism, crisis and fracture in South Asia; ways these are infused with planetary urbanization dynamics, and local, regional and national developments that resist easy universalism.
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GAYER, LAURENT, and NIDA KIRMANI. "‘What You See is What You Get’: Local journalism and the search for truth in Lyari, Karachi." Modern Asian Studies 54, no. 5 (December 23, 2019): 1483–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x18000252.
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AbstractSituations of internecine warfare have in common to question the transitivity of everyday life—that is, its capacity to be taken for granted, to flow without any need for explication. These wars within the familiar generate specific anxieties about where to look at and what to believe. Events, persons, places, or objects whose status seemed hitherto undeniable become less predictable, while their worth comes into question. As individuals’ ontological security is threatened, the need for new monitoring devices and authentication procedures arises. Drawing on the phenomenology of civil wars and the anthropology of fakes, this contribution proposes to explore one such crisis of evidence: the nexus of political, ethnic, and criminal violence raging in Karachi's inner-city area of Lyari. Through the lens of local journalism, it reflects upon the tactics of social navigation deployed by residents confronted with chronic uncertainty in all sectors of life. Janbaz, the Urdu newspaper examined here, provides an opportunity to move beyond functionalist readings of the press in conflict situations. While insisting upon the pleasure derived by Janbaz’s readers from the sensationalized rendering of Lyari's predicament, we argue that the newspaper is the site of a continuous series of ‘reality tests’ and the focal point of private and collective investigations, pooling knowledge in an increasingly undecipherable environment. More than through its information, it is through its shortcomings that Janbaz has helped to recreate social ties in a world plagued by discord and uncertainty.
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Sultana, Yasmeen, Sadaf Ghaffar, and Samia Saman. "IMPACT OF EXCESSIVE USE OF FACEBOOK ON THE YOUTH OF KARACHI." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 58, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 137–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v58i2.16.
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This research study has done to identify and investigate the major factors behind the excessive usage of Facebook by the youth of Karachi and what kind of impacts they have to face on various aspects of their lives due to this much consumption of Facebook. In this research paper, the researcher has applied both types of methodology, Qualitative as well as Quantitative. The researcher has selected Karachi (The city of Pakistan) as the universe of the study. The data has collected in the manner of survey forms filled by students of different universities and colleges of Karachi; aged from 18 to 30 and the sample size is 50 in which half of the population includes males and half females and 10 interviews are also conducted from teachers and parents of Facebook users. This research study raises major points related to the extreme usage of Facebook which includes the mental and physical conditions of adolescents, children’s progress in their academic lives, impacts on relationships and disturbance in routine works. The data has collected in a fair way. The results revealed that Facebook repercussion only happens when an individual is using it in an excessive amount. The researcher suggests that using Facebook could be beneficial only if people learns to use it in manageable levels and if they are able to create a balance between the virtual world and real world.
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Kania, Agnieszka. "Rola ustawowych wskazań sądowego wymiaru kary w kontekście praw jednostki karanej." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 17, no. 1 (November 15, 2019): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1496.
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The aim of the article is to determine whether statutory indications of sentencing enable the court – and if they do, to what extent – to make the correct choice with regard to the type of sentence. The analysis leads to the conclusion that although the normative presence of the said regulations prevents the courts from exceeding their discretion, their practical usefulness is highly doubtful. An attempt to translate the meaning of the said provisions to the specific type of sentence turns out to be an extremely complex process. Additionally, there are controversies regarding empirically confirmed cases when during sentencing judges make reference to an informal penalty classification in the form of their personal knowledge or life and work experience.
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Fikree, Fariyal F., Amanullah Khan, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Fatima Sajan, and Mohammad H. Rahbar. "What Influences Contraceptive Use among Young Women in Urban Squatter Settlements of Karachi, Pakistan?" International Family Planning Perspectives 27, no. 3 (September 2001): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2673834.
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Jamshed, ShaziaQasim, Muhammad Atif, MohammadJamshed Siddiqui, and Iqbal Azhar. "What practicing pharmacists think about their role in healthcare: Preliminary findings from Karachi, Pakistan." Archives of Pharmacy Practice 5, no. 3 (2014): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2045-080x.137548.
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Thaver, Inayat H., Trudy Harpham, Barbara McPake, and Paul Garner. "Private practitioners in the slums of Karachi: what quality of care do they offer?" Social Science & Medicine 46, no. 11 (January 1998): 1441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(97)10134-4.
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Das, Gotam, Imran Samejo, Shabir Ahmed, Bushra Jabeen, Muhammad Ilyas Shaikh, and Kinza Mushtaque. "Cross infection control in private dental practice in Karachi, Sindh." Professional Medical Journal 26, no. 08 (August 10, 2019): 1354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.08.17.
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The Aim of this study was to assess that what measures were taken routinely by private dental practitioners regarding cross infection control. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Private dental practitioners in Karachi. Period: 01-04-2018 to 30-09-2018. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire comprised of 10 questions was prepared regarding measures taken for infection control in private dental practice. The questionnaire was distributed randomly among 130 private dental practitioners by hand to carry out a cross sectional study on cross Infection control among the private dental practitioners in Karachi. The each question had two options (YES OR NO), and the respondents had to select one of the two. Results: The questionnaire was sent to 130 private dental practitioners, out of which 111 dentists responded and returned the questionnaire. The response rate was 85%. Following are the results obtained. 85% of participants asked detailed medical history. Majority of dentists (78%) were immunized against hepatitis B. 95 % of the participants stated that they wore gloves during dental treatment and change on each patient. Mask was worn and changed on each patient by 67% of dentists during treatment. Protective eyeglasses and protective face shield were worn by 20% and 2 % of respondents respectively during dental treatment. Majority of dentists (84%) used autoclave to sterilize the hand piece and 16% dentists used sterilized hand piece on each patient. 100% participants changed instruments such as extraction instruments, saliva ejector, hand piece, impression trays on each patient. Only 3% of participant disinfected the impression before sending to laboratory. Only 17 % participants used special container to disposal off sharp objects. Conclusion: Cross infection control measures need to be improved in private dental practice.
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Wali, Aisha, Talha Mufeed Siddiqui, Anwar Ali, and Hamza Jafri. "Assessing Prescription Writing Skills of House Officers in Dental Teaching Hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan." World Journal of Dentistry 3, no. 4 (2012): 294–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1176.
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ABSTRACT Introduction A prescription is ‘a written order, which includes detailed instructions of what medicine should be given to whom, in what formulation and dose, by what route, when, how frequently, and for how long’. Aim To determine competency and knowledge gained during undergraduate dental studies regarding clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) by house officers in the form of prescription writing skill assessment. Materials and methods A survey form with a clinical scenario was designed and distributed to house officers working in nine different dental teaching hospitals. It required a response in the form of a complete prescription. Out of 360 forms distributed, 200 were returned. Each form was assessed for all the 20 required parameters and scored accordingly. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 19. Results Frequency (92.5%) and route (93%) of drug administration were the most commonly listed, followed by dose (82.9%), symbol Rx (65.2%), duration (60.4%), doctor's signature (59.3%), patient's name (52.4%), patient's age (44.9%) and date (44.4%). Parameters that were least or not listed include hospital address (0%), refill information (0%), instructions for labeling (0.5%), quantity to be dispensed (1.1%), patients address (1.1%), professional degree and registration number (1.1%), doctor's name (1.6%), diagnosis (7%), hospital name (22%), appropriateness of drug (26.2%) and patients sex (26.2%). Conclusion The current study concluded that prescription writing skills of a majority of house surgeons were deficient in important details. How to cite this article Wali A, Ali A, Siddiqui TM, Jafri H. Assessing Prescription Writing Skills of House Officers in Dental Teaching Hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. World J Dent 2012;3(4):294-296.
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Shah, Nasreen Aslam, and Muhammad Faisal Zia. "Self-Employed Women In A Mega-City Setting: Women At The Cross-Roads Of Patriarchy, Poverty, And Progress In Karachi." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 4, no. 1 (August 8, 2010): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v4i1.380.
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This paper presents a critical study of self-employed women conducted in selected towns of Karachi. The nine hundred women who participated in this study were found living and working in the squatter settlements where basic amenities of life are almost not existent; with no outside assistance, in the form of loans, skill development and legal protection, these women are left to fend for them. Karachi in many ways mirrors the real image of Pakistan- a country whose development progress is marred by flawed institutions, diminishing democratic principles, under utilization of human and natural resources and is now caught in a fierce struggle for its survival. This paper seeks to answer some pertinent questions: what is progress? How it is achieved? Is patriarchy and poverty elimination one of its goals and strategies? If yes, would the country ever make a breakaway from the clutches of patriarchy-poverty giant? How do they perceive themselves – as oppressed under the weight of multiple roles? Or do they feel emancipated and liberated because of their role as providers for their family needs? Or are they doubly exploited by the patriarchal system? In short, what is the nature of the work they do to earn money? This study drawing upon field research conducted in nine towns, selected out of the total of eighteen towns of Karachi, seeks answers to these questions by exploring self-employed women workers’ experiences and perceptions about their status and roles. To find answers to these questions, the researchers applied a combination of methods. Nine hundred women were randomly selected to answer a questionnaire. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources. The findings of the research confirmed that the level of poverty has visibly increased, women are more aware of patriarchy and how it manifests itself in their lives, and finally they are convinced that progress and development remain far away from them.
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Ahmed, Shiraz, and Junaid Ansari. "What leads to Employee Engagement in Pharmaceutical Sector of Pakistan?" Jinnah Business Review 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53369/fvkk5557.
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Managers and HR professionals are always concerned with the engagement of employees at workplace. Using attitude theory this study aims to examine the connection between employee engagement with job fit, psychological climate, leadership style and affective commitment. A sample of 284 employees out of 365 participants was chosen from two pharmaceutical companies based in Karachi. SPSS was used to analyze the data and different statistical tool were applied. The results of the study showed that the independent variables, i.e. job fit, psychological climate, leadership style and affective commitment have a significant and positive influence on employee engagement. All the hypotheses were failed to reject. This study can help HR professionals in designing the strategy for retention and engagement. The results which are presented in this study can help organizations to identify the potential reasons for engagement which leads to high productivity and profitability
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Ahmed, Shiraz, and Junaid Ansari. "What leads to Employee Engagement in Pharmaceutical Sector of Pakistan?" Journal of Management and Research 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 161–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29145//jmr/71/070107.
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Managers and HR professionals are always concerned with the engagement of employees at the workplace. This study aims to explore the connection between employee engagement with job fit, psychological climate, leadership style, and affective commitment. A sample of 284 employees out of 365 participants was chosen from two pharmaceutical companies based in Karachi. SPSS was used to analyze the data and different statistical tools were applied. The results of the study showed that the independent variables i.e. job fit, psychological climate, leadership style, and affective commitment have a significant and positive influence on employee engagement. All the hypotheses were failed to reject. This study can help HR professionals in designing a strategy for retention and engagement. The results which are presented in this study can help organizations to identify the potential reasons for engagement which leads to high productivity and profitability.
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Eliyas, Adeel, Badil Das Goil, Shaheen Sherali, Imran Khan, Kamran Khan, and Fayyaz Hashmi. "MOTHERS KNOWLEDGE RELATED PREVENTIVE MEASURE OF PNEUMONIA IN SLUM COMMUNITY, KARACHI, PAKISTAN." Pakistan Journal of Public Health 8, no. 3 (December 11, 2018): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v8i3.181.
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Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death of children under five years of age. The considerable number of children having pneumonia has difficulty to reach health services in the appropriate time due to their mother's failure to recognize the seriousness of their infection. Methods: Present cross-sectional study was performed by using a close-ended, adapted questionnaire comprising of 15 closed-ended items. Data was gathered through a convenient sampling method. The calculated sample size was 120 subjects of the female gender. Written consent was taken from each participant before filling of the questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21.00. Results: Out of 120 subjects, 59.2% study participant was illiterate, 51.6% subjects were in the age group of 31 to 41 years. 15.8% of women had fair knowledge whereas 55.5% of women did not have knowledge about pneumonia. And 28.7% of women they did not know what is pneumonia. 60.8 % of respondents were unable to recognize sign and symptoms of pneumonia. Only 19.2% of participants know vaccination of pneumonia should be made essential for children. Conclusion: The study concluded that mother had scanty knowledge of pneumonia its preventive measure, and immunization. The government should also provide awareness through mass media, so that the mortality and morbidity rates can be reduced and many valuable lives can be protected.
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Yaqin, Amina, and Naiza Khan. "Partition and its echoes in Karachi: The political agencies of Fahmida Riaz and Perween Rahman." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 57, no. 3 (September 2022): 544–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219894221115910.
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This article, shaped as a conversation between a scholar and an artist, critically examines the mapping of the lived experience of Karachi after Partition through a discussion of the poetic journey of the feminist activist Fahmida Riaz and urban planner and architect Perween Rahman.1 These two activists were directly affected by the Partition, albeit in different ways, and it is through their creative practice that we try to understand the hauntings of the past in the present. This helps us to move beyond linear ways of interpreting the Indian Partition’s many effects on lived experiences of communities in Karachi. While Riaz writes of the death of metaphor and the inability of verse to capture the harsh realities of everyday life in a dystopian city, Rahman gives agency to the disenfranchised and dispossessed within the urban settlements of Karachi’s poor through a participatory model of community-based mapping. What emerges from the dialogue is a recreation of several voices across time and space that carry the echoes of Partition and the conditions that surround us now. It thereby offers a way to re-envision and reclaim an embodied form of mapping through memory and walking across disciplines to engender cultural change.
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Rahman, Perween. "Strengthening Community Initiatives, Building Partnerships Opp-Rti Sanitation and Housing Programme, Pakistan." Open House International 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2005-b0012.
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The Orangi Pilot Project-Research and Training Institute's (OPP-RTI) work is based on the observation that poor people everywhere when faced by problems do not sit idle, but take initiatives, from lobbying to self help, be it for housing, infrastructure, education, security, health or employment. Some technical and organisational guidance and in some cases, credit is needed to strengthen people's work leading to confidence building and a process of partnerships in development. What began from supporting self-help sewers and housing in the informal settlement of Orangi in Karachi has now extended to many cities and sectors, influencing government policy.
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Ghufran, Bushra, Hayat M. Awan, Aftab Khan Khakwani, and Muhammad Azeem Qureshi. "What Causes Stock Market Volatility in Pakistan? Evidence from the Field." Economics Research International 2016 (August 28, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3698297.
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We examined the presence of volatility at the Karachi Stock Exchange (recently changed the name to Pakistan Stock Exchange) (KSE) by fitting Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) model to 25 years’ index data. We found that the ARCH effects are present in the data indicating the stock market cluster volatility during the period under study. We found persistent high volatility in the stock market and presence of negative leverage effect. Moreover, we tried to identify the factors causing stock market volatility by collecting and analyzing the primary data obtained from 246 individual investors of stock market and 28 brokers listed with KSE. Our results show that investors consider political situation as the most important factor causing turbulence in the stock market. Interviews with the brokers also confirmed this. The second most important factor identified by investors is the herd behavior among investors that results in over- and underpricing of stocks and the overall market shows a volatile behavior. Our findings suggest that individual investor’s behavioral dimensions of involvement, risk attitude, and overconfidence are significantly associated with factors causing market volatility.
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Gayer, Laurent. "Drawing the line: Bonds and bounds of civility in a Christian basti of Karachi." Anthropological Theory 18, no. 2-3 (June 2018): 382–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499618757894.
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What do situations of chronic violence and resulting polarizations do to civility, and especially to its more horizontal forms? Using an account of everyday pluralism in an impoverished Christian neighbourhood of Karachi, this article addresses this question by examining how marginalized groups of that embattled city have been cobbling together forms of coexistence in the midst of ethnic and sectarian conflicts. Focusing in particular on the moral career of a local strongman, the practical and ethical dilemmas encountered by populations surviving at the margins of the city are considered, as they try to engage with others while struggling with the often violent economy of scarcity that structures their experience and vulnerability. In doing so, this article makes a case for a conceptualization of civility as a matter of building bonds as much as setting certain limits, in relation to identity and violence in particular. Civility, here, does not amount either to the preservation of peaceful coexistence or to the orderly reproduction of society. It thrives on various forms of connections and multiplicities, contesting hegemonic discourses on difference; instead of being external to violence, it operates within a world of violent possibilities, to which it aims to put some bounds.
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Saad, Muhammad, and Danish Ahmed Siddiqui. "The Impact of Green Supply Chain Management on Firm Performance: A Case of Manufacturing Industry of Karachi." Journal of Management and Strategy 10, no. 5 (September 11, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jms.v10n5p48.
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This paper explored advancement in what performance factors affect Green Supply Chain Management practices of the firms. Data was collected through survey questionnaire, adopted and disseminated to 200 different employees working in different organizations based in Karachi that were associated with supply chain management activities. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. Results showed that environmental and financial performance of organization has no statistically significant association with green supply chain management. Whereas, organizational performance produced a positive and significant impact. The results are significant for managers of manufacturing organizations in improving the practices of green supply chain management and achieve competitive position in the industry.
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Ahmed, Suneela. "Understanding Localness of Built Form at the Urban Scale: Case of Karachi, Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development. 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v1i2.87.
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Many cities in the developing world aspire to imitate cities of the West in their built form, since for them this represents ‘modernism’ and the future. Pakistan is a young country and the contribution of a new generation of architects and planners has been inspired by the West, in the post-modern traditions, and not informed by the local cultural, social and physical aspects of the society. Karachi, within Pakistan, has recently seen the construction of a number of buildings and urban design projects that conform to the international concepts of entrepreneurship and innovation, and are a response to the desire of politicians to create a global image for the city.Using the Urdu word maqamiat in relation to the built form, this research assesses what it means for a city to be local in the context of Karachi, being specific, having particular variables impacting the built form, but dealing with similar issues of identity crises as other formally colonized nations. A combination of deductive and inductive research approach that arches over mixed methods is used, in order to reveal the nature and value of maqamiat of built form. Semi structured interviews, focus groups, urban morphological documentation, archive review and personal observation methods have been used for data collecting. Content, narrative and focus group analyses are used to interpret data.This research is part of a PhD that was undertaken at Oxford Brookes University from 2012- 2016. The research postulates lessons from its study of local processes of built form production, the value given to local places by indigenous communities and the impact of global forces through imageability, aesthetics and style.
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Ahmed, Suneela. "Understanding Localness of Built Form at the Urban Scale: Case of Karachi, Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v2i1.87.
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Many cities in the developing world aspire to imitate cities of the West in their built form, since for them this represents ‘modernism’ and the future. Pakistan is a young country and the contribution of a new generation of architects and planners has been inspired by the West, in the post-modern traditions; and not informed by the local cultural, social, and physical aspects of the society. Karachi, within Pakistan, has recently seen the construction of a number of buildings and urban design projects that conform to the international concepts of entrepreneurship and innovation and are a response to the desire of politicians to create a global image for the city.
Using the Urdu word maqamiat in relation to the built form, this research assesses what it means for a city to be local in the context of Karachi, being specific, having particular variables impacting the built form, but dealing with similar issues of identity crises as other formally colonized nations. A combination of deductive and inductive research approach that arches over mixed methods is used in order to reveal the nature and value of maqamiat in the built form.
Semi structured interviews, focus groups, urban morphological documentation, archive review, and personal observation methods have been used for data collecting. Content, narrative, and focus group analyses are used to interpret data. This research is part of a PhD that was undertaken at Oxford Brookes University from 2012- 2016. The research postulates lessons from its study of local processes of built form production about the value given to local places by indigenous communities and the impact of global forces through image ability, aesthetics, and style.
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Naz, Lubna, and Munir Ahmad. "What Inspires Electricity Crises at the Micro Level: Empirical Evidence from Electricity Consumption Pattern of Households from Karachi." Pakistan Development Review 52, no. 4I (December 1, 2013): 375–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v52i4ipp.375-403.
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With urbanisation1 and modernisation of the economy, the use of electrical appliances has increased manifold in Pakistan. Now, household shares in the total electricity use account for 46.5 percent. While other users have lower shares that are industrial 27.5 percent, agriculture 11.6 percent, commercial 7.5 percent and the government 6.2 percent only [Pakistan (2012-13)]. Overtime, the household electricity consumption has also increased because of the increase in electricity consumers2 and of village electrification.3 Other important reasons include the use of modern appliances including both locally made and smuggled and increase in the share of urban women in the labour force by 6.5 percent during 2007-08 and 2012- 13 [Pakistan (2012-13)]. These reasons are also responsible for enlarging electricity demand and supply gap over the years and have led to the electricity shortage to alarming proportions in March 2012. The electricity gap increased to 57,754 GW from 56,930 GW showing an increase of 1.4 percent from the corresponding period of the last year. The acute electricity shortage has caused long hours of the electricity load shedding in the country. The population living in urban areas bears the direct fall out of the electricity breakdown because of the modern lifestyle and sheer dependence on electricity [Pakistan (2012-13)].
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Afeef, Mustafa, Anjum Ihsan, Hassan Zada, and Sadia Altaf. "What Dictates the Dividend-Payout Decision of Corporations? A Case Study of Firms Listed at Karachi Stock Excahnge." Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31529/sjms.2017.3.1.10.
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Sadiq, Sara, Muhammad Fazal Hussain Qureshi, Lubna Farooq, Danish Mohammad, Mahira Lakhani, and Muneeza Lodhi. "Reference percentile for height, weight and BMI among children/adolescents of Karachi Pakistan." Research Journal of Food Science and Nutrition 4, no. 5 (October 30, 2019): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/rjfsn2019.081.
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Pakistani children of school going age significantly differed from WHO references in which overweight and obesity were significantly higher and underweight was lower than normal when compare to WHO references. Due to this huge discrepancy and lack of data, there was a dire need to establish age appropriate BMI ranges for Pakistani population. The basic aim of the study is to find out the BMI ranges among the school going children/adolescents of Karachi Pakistan. A cross sectional study was conducted among children belonging to different ethnic groups in primary, middle, secondary schools and Maddarsa (religious educational institutes) of Karachi. Height in centimeters (cm) and weight in kilogram (kg) were measured. BMI was calculated using height and weight. WHO’s BMI graph was used to find out the percentile for labelling underweight, normal healthy individual, overweight and obese. A total of about 1244 samples of children and adolescents aged seven to eighteen years were included. The mean age of the study participants was 12.96±2.8 years, in which boys having mean age of 13.1±2.7 years while for girls mean age was 12.66±2.8 years. The mean height (cm) and weight (kg) among the study participants were 146.92±15.84 and 41.20±15.69 respectively. Among younger age group, the girls were taller than the boys but after reaching the age of 15 the girls having approximately the same height up to the age of 18th and as for boys, the findings were vice versa. Majority of the participants reported normal BMI while for over abnormality, the higher prevalence of participants being overweight rather than underweight when comparing with the WHO references. Measures must be taken to assess what current set up is doing right, and then it must be implemented at a larger scale.
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Rutsate, Jerry. "Mhande Dance in the Kurova Guva Ceremony: An Enactment of Karanga Spirituality." Yearbook for Traditional Music 42 (2010): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0740155800012674.
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During my youth, the fact that I am of Karanga descent gave me exposure to mhande dance performances for clan rituals (mapira) that venerate the family or clan ancestral spirits. These ritual ceremonies were held regularly in my rural home community in Bikita district in Masvingo province, Zimbabwe. Mhande dance performance involves singing, drumming, and dancing. The hallmark of my lived experience of mhande was double-edged: fascination and bewilderment. On the one hand, the interlocking drum patterns produced by two drummers in each performance fascinated me most; on the other hand, the dance features left me wondering what they were meant to achieve because I did not enjoy watching them, yet they appeared to be the hub of each ceremony.
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Qutoshi, Sadruddin Bahadur, and Tikaram Poudel. "Student Centered Approach to Teaching: What Does it Mean for the Stakeholders of a Community School in Karachi, Pakistan?" Journal of Education and Research 4, no. 1 (January 16, 2014): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v4i1.9620.
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Assuming the effectiveness of student-centered approach to teaching, this study explores the perceptions of purposefully selected seven students and teachers from a community school in Karachi about this pedagogical approach. Using interviews and observations of classroom practices as methodological tools, we concentrate on finding answers to the questions: How does student-centered approach to teaching used in community schools in Pakistan contribute to achieving quality education? How does this approach affect teaching and learning activities? How does this approach facilitate teachers to overcome the problems of teaching and learning? The findings of this study identify that student-centered approach to teaching encourages students’ engagement in teaching-learning activities focusing on individual interaction to achieve common objectives. However, inadequate resources, small sized classrooms, and lack of expertise on the part of teachers were the challenges to the teaching learning activities in the community schools. These findings would be valuable to teaching and learning communities and educational policy makers as well.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v4i1.9620 Journal of Education and Research, March 2014, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 19-33
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Yüce, Serdar. "YABANCI DİL EĞİTİM HİZMETLERİNDE HİZMET KALİTESİ ÖLÇÜMÜNE YÖNELİK BİR UYGULAMA." Business & Management Studies: An International Journal 1, no. 3 (January 30, 2014): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v1i3.64.
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Growing customer demands and competitive conditions in national and international dimensions force businesses to provide quality products and services. The term “service quality”, which arised from this context, has a great importance for businesses. It is aimed to determine the expected and perceived service quality perceptions of the customers of service businesses. The implementation of the study is carried out with the students of School of Foreign Languages among the customers of Karabuk University, which is an educational institution shaping the future of the society. Along with showing how the educational activities are perceived by the students, the results of the study also include clues to shape future educational activities as it exposes what the students expect from foreign language preparatory education.
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Qureshi, Bilal. "The Veiled Avengers of Pakistan’s Streaming New Wave." Film Quarterly 74, no. 3 (2021): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2021.74.3.66.
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The privatization of Pakistan’s media and television industry over the past two decades, along with the availability of high-speed internet and an easing of censorship, has revolutionized what plays in Pakistani homes. While hopes that this more open environment would encourage a Pakistani new wave have yet to be born out, an episodic series released this summer is perhaps a harbinger of things to come. Film Quarterly columnist Bilal Qureshi introduces readers to one of the most exciting voices in the emerging Pakistani film industry, Asim Abbasi, whose über-stylish series Churails (2020−) presents a women’s detective agency that works undercover to obtain justice for the women of Karachi. An extrajudicial feminist fantasy, Churails is remarkably uncensored and unrestrained, and ground-breaking in its exclusive focus on women’s rage.
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Rehman, Shakila A., and Muhammad Shahid. "Consequences Of Domestic Violence During Pregnancy." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 1, no. 1 (March 8, 2008): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v1i1.257.
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Although gender-based violence is prevalent in all societies however it is more widespread in Pakistan. Women of all ages, from birth to old age, are victims of violence. The consequences of gender-based violence are devastating not only for women but for the whole family. Violence against women is mostly treated as a private matter and hence goes unreported and thus its actual prevalence remains little known. There are many forms of gender-based-violence. Among these, violence during pregnancy is some what less discussed. The present study examines some aspects of violence during pregnancy by the husband, and looks at its health consequences. The study was conducted in a Katchi abadi (unauthorized settlement) of Karachi, among poor women. Findings show that prevalence of violence by husbands during pregnancy is high among study population.
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Bhutto, Sarfaraz Ahmed, Saifullah Shaikh, Hussain Amar, Qamar Abbas Mangi, and Qaisar Abbas. "What Raises Purchase Intention of Customers? An Extension in Perspective of Nostalgic Marketing." Journal of Social Sciences Advancement 2, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/jssa21-020405-26.
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Emotions are considered as the real inner perception of a person. Emotions can never be ignored or completely eliminated from one’s life. The point of emotion like nostalgia has immense importance in our social life and the concept of nostalgia has a great shift from organizational environment to expanding marketing world. This research aimed to determine the purchase intention as outcome of nostalgic emotions of customers. This study finds the mediating effect of attachment and attitude in between nostalgic emotions and purchase intention. The data for this research was collected from the customers of Toyota and Honda motors located in two metropolitan cities of Pakistan (i.e Karachi and Lahore). The research has used non-probability sampling technique and cross-sectional research design was adopted. Furthermore, the adopted and modified questionnaire was used as survey instrument. The statistical outcomes were drawn from robust statistical technique, covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM). The results show that nostalgic emotion has positive and significant effect on purchase intention of customers. Moreover, mediating effect of attitude and attachment was confirmed in between nostalgic emotion and purchase intention. Consequently, this study confirmed that organizations should work on customer attitude and attachment which are the possible causes of nostalgic emotion, it may sufficiently increases customers’ purchase intention.
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Cahyono, Hari, I. Wayan Miartha, and I. Wayan Sujana. "STRATEGI PRAJURU HULU APAD DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN AJARAN TRI HITA KARANADI DESA PAKRAMAN PENGLIPURAN KABUPATEN BANGLI." Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 2, no. 1 (May 28, 2018): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpah.v2i1.472.
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<p><em>The village of Pakraman Penglipuran is a Traditional Village that still embraces its governmental system such as Ancient Bali Village, both customs, and awig-awig used guidelines or benchmarks for implementation of the operational base of Penglipuran society, Tri Hita Karana. Part of Tri Hita Karana are: (a) Parahyangan (b) Pawongan, (c) Palemahan</em><em>. </em><em>The issues that will be discussed are 1) how is the strategy of Prajuru Hulu Apad in implementing Tri Hita Karana teaching in Pakraman Village Penglipuran of Bangli Regency 2) What are the constraints faced by Prajuru Hulu Apad in implementing Tri Hita Karana teaching in Pakraman Village Penglipuran of Bangli Regency? How is the impact of the implementation of Tri Hita Karana teaching in Pakraman Penglipuran Village in Bangli Regency? This research uses qualitative research through observation, interview and literature. Informants were determined by snowball sampling.</em><em></em></p><p><em>The results are described as follows: Pengripuran Village Pakraman shows its existence in implementing Tri Hita Karana in sustainable tourism development. The strategy undertaken by Prajuru Hulu Apad in implementing this Tri Hita Karana teaching through the development of Pura, the implementation of religious ceremony (Parahyangan aspect), making coral pawongan (aspect of Pawongan) and arranging environment and preserving bamboo forest (Palemahan aspect)</em><em>. </em><em>The obstacles faced by the Upper Apad Upstream have not been seen. However Prajuru Hulu Apad worried to the younger generation to still be able to implement this Tri Hita Karana teachings. This makes the Upper Apad Apad hold guidance to the younger generation.</em><em> </em><em>Strategies undertaken certainly have an impact, namely the social impacts embodied in the relationship that is established with a sense of kinship; the religious impacts embodied by increased confidence and trust; impacts of environmental conservation embodied by environmental arrangement and maintenance</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p>
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Yusafzai, Hyder Hussain Khan. "Tasneem Ahmad Siddiqui. Towards Good Governance. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000. 235 pages Hardback. Rs 495.00." Pakistan Development Review 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2001): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v40i2pp.157-161.
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Tasneem Ahmad Siddiqui is a former civil servant who has written a book that is in tune with the governance issues being faced by Pakistan on a variety of fronts. The author has had much experience of the grassroots level and provides the reader a view of the changes at that level for a dynamic societal change. There is clear evidence of the faith that he seems to have in the resourcefulness of the people of Pakistan. The hallmark of the book is its concise and easy reading with not just criticisms but workable solutions that are offered by the author. At the outset, the crisis being faced by Pakistan is highlighted. The author delves into the historical antecedents of this crisis, apportioning blame to the Harvard Advisory Group, as it was their flawed development strategy with a pro-industry bias that ignored agriculture. They believed in jump-start modernisation without giving serious consideration to the fact that Pakistan has a strong agricultural base. The stated wisdom of such a policy at that time was that surplus labour from agriculture would be shifted to industry and this would tackle poverty and income inequalities as espoused by the ‘trickle-down theory’. This thinking was not an exclusive one, as such a strategy was pursued by policy-makers of many newly independent states in the post-Second World War era. However, the ensuing importance granted to profits as opposed to wages in the ‘development decade’ resulted in greater inequalities of income, and a greater concentration of economic resources, whereby twenty-two families came to own 80 percent of the banks and 95 percent of the insurance companies. According to the author, what the policy-makers failed to realise, through the import of such a Western model, was that in the long run low wages would generate low profits.
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Shazia Durrani Fakhir, Nadia Khalid, Fatima Fakhir Musharraf, and Shakeel Ahmad. "Trends and outcomes of admissions in the Paediatrics ward at a tertiary care hospital of urban Karachi." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 72, no. 5 (May 10, 2022): 954–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.3319.
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In order to improve the health care system in Pakistan, the first step is to assess which diseases are the most prevalent and to what extent among children and lead to hospital admissions. This would help to improve the facilities and management and thus reduce the duration of hospital stay. This study aimed to determine the spectrum of disease presentation and the outcome and duration of hospital stay of patients presenting to the paediatric ward of a tertiary care hospital. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in the paediatric ward of a semi-private hospital PNS SHIFA in Karachi. The duration of the study was six months (March 2019 to August 2019) and the sample size was 431. Non probability convenience sampling was done and p-value =/< 0.05 was taken as significant. Data was analysed through SPSS version 22. The study showed that gastroenterological diseases were the most common (138 [32%]), and all patients with these problems were discharged after treatment. Out of the 96 (22%) patients presenting with pulmonary diseases all were discharged except 2/96 patients (2%) who died as they had some co-morbidity (congenital heart disease and measles, respectively). One was referred (congenital heart disease). Seventy-five (17.5%) had infectious diseases with good outcome, 2 out of 19 (4.9%) had cardiac related illnesses. One neurological patient died, while the rest of 41 were discharged.---Continue
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Malik Abbasi, Abdul, Samreen Riaz Ahmed, Alia Farooqi, and Stephon John. "Exploring Factors of Speech Anxiety in Second Language Classroom." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 5 (October 30, 2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.5p.97.
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This study aims to investigate the factors affecting on English speech of undergraduate students at the SMIU, Karachi. The study prospects two aspects as outcomes of the study, one to discover what are the major issues and hindrances and another one to find their solutions for developing techniques and skills to gain confidence while speaking English as a second language in ESL classroom and in public. It will further investigate as how to help develop a wonderful speech free from speech anxiety. The study administered Likert Scale as a tool for data collection. Forty participating students were recruited from the department of Computer Science, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi. Speech anxiety is a common phenomenon amongst the students in the second language classrooms. Second language i.e., English, however, has become the lingua franca of the world. It is no longer the language of only native Britishers and Americans, rather, it is a widely spoken language by most people living in every nook & corner of the world. This study investigates as to how ESL learners turn out as nervous speakers while speaking English. Findings of the study suggest that speech anxiety seems to be an unavoidable phenomenon for ESL learners as the data reveal. In addition, this study is associated with the previous studies that there is a moderate level of Foreign Language Speech Anxiety (FLSA) amongst the Pakistani English speakers. Since English is taught from the primary level and every literate person almost understands and speaks English. Pakistani English language speakers should speak without speech anxiety, though it seems to be a part of human nature being nervous while speaking English as a second language. The students should learn how to manage speech anxiety by welcoming it and try to overcome it not by mindless imitation but by being natural in English speech.
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Shah, Muzamil Hussain, Hina Marvi, and Mehnaz Soomro. "Factors Encouraging Single Occupant Vehicle Users to Adopt Sustainable Alternative Mode Choice." Global Social Sciences Review VII, no. I (March 30, 2022): 388–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(vii-i).36.
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Karachi, a megapolis city in specific, has seen a significant increase in urban growth and motorization over the last fifty years. The lack of effective public transportation is a consequence of incredibly reduced operational costs that are reasonable to many of Karachi's habitats, resulting in excessive car use.The study aims to figure out what psychological factors influence motorists' decisions to use sustainable alternative modes of choice. People's movements are strongly linked to their social demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, marital status, profession, education levels, and family activities. For research, data has been collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used. Private Car users of Karachi's CBD were Focused. The descriptive analysis was adopted through SPSS. The "SEM" model was applied through the "PLS" Path Least Square Model. Resultantly, Intention is the crucial factor for the completion of the research.
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Sarwat, Samina, Muhammad Akram, Qurat ul Ain, Waheed Shahzad, Ashraf Iqbal, and Muhammad Saad Salman. "A Study on APSACS Karachi Zone ESL Teachers’ Notion About Assessment and Its Numerous Employment in English Pedagogy." International Journal of English Linguistics 11, no. 1 (December 17, 2020): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v11n1p206.
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Research work regarding to teacher’s cognition, basically, bring into light teachers’ perception, what they know and how they believe. To comprehend teachers’ perceptional structure, it is indispensible as it interlinks to their directional practices in ESL teaching domain. With regards to assessment, teachers’ cognition constitutes a vital and integral research field in two perspectives: understandability of ESL teachers’ belief and practices and their needs in assessments region. This study delves the aim of assessment in ESL classes under four main regimes: (1) summative assessment, (2) formative assessment, (3) students’ self-assessment, and (4) assessment to meliorate teachers’ direction. It also delves to probe ESL teachers’ notions about the assessments’ employment in ESL pedagogy. It also demonstrates that how teachers’ notions interconnect to their KG to HSSC level in teaching English. 35 Pakistani ESL teachers who work at APSACS Junior, Senior and College wings in Karachi Zone. To collect the data, 18-Likert scale questionnaire is employed. Outcomes of study bring out that the participants’ belief on assessment is impregnable on assessments’ employment regarding to formative purposes. On the secondary level, self-assessment procedures and techniques are given significance. From KG to HSSC level, participant teachers have no influence on participants’ assessment predilections. Data collection tool is also a significant contribution to the literature; besides the vital findings it has produced.
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Zaid, Anum. "A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY BASED ON PERCEPTION OF CAREGIVERS TO COMMUNICATION BARRIERS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER CHILDREN." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 8, no. 2 (January 9, 2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.8.2/006.
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BACKGROUND AND AIMS Communication has been a hallmark in autistic children with verbal and non-verbal language difficulties. These challenges may lead towards the development of syntactic structure that may cause understanding issues and communication breakdown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the communicative barriers in ASD children and their parents. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional survey was conducted at the special education schools of Karachi; enrolled 56 parents of ASD children using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data was collected through ‘communicative difficulties questionnaire. RESULTS It was reported that 40.5% parents have difficulties with their child while 57% to 59.5% were found to be upset with communication difficulties. 24.1% parents have impression that their child doesn’t understand what they say. CONCLUSION Varied percentage was observed in communicative domains of the questionnaire that showed high proportion of communication barriers between parents and child. Further studies are needed to analyze the communication between parents and autistic children to address its impact.
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ALI, HABIBA SHARAF, NEELOFER SALEEM, and FARAH AGHA. "CAESAREAN SECTION." Professional Medical Journal 17, no. 03 (September 10, 2010): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2010.17.03.2857.
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Objective: To determine what surgical techniques are used by obstetricians in Pakistan for caesarean section operations and to compare it with the recommendation, proposal and guidelines of Royal College of Obstetrician and Gynecologist (RCOG) and Cochrane Reviews. Methods: A questionnaire was set up regarding surgical technique used during caesarean section and one hundred obstetricians were part of study. Setting: Hospitals in two large cities of Pakistan i.e. Karachi and Rawalpindi were requested to fill them. Period: Jan 2009 to June 2009. Result: Substantial and remarkable and difference noted in the practice of caesarean section among the obstetricians. Certain practices and procedures performed by our obstetrician are same as proved to be beneficial and valuable based on evidence and recommended by the RCOG and Cochrane Data on pregnancy. Conclusion: We observed that our obstetricians follow different surgical techniques for performing caesarean section. Some of the techniques follow recommendations by RCOG and provide to effective and beneficial by cochrane data.
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Dayala, Sana Anis. "Teenagers Shopping Practices." NURTURE 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2012): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55951/nurture.v1i1.25.
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The purpose of the research study was to know about the teenagers shopping practices related to their clothing. The research was conducted in the Gulshan town of Karachi through a convenient sample of 150 (75 boys and 75 girls) teenagers. Several aspects of teenagers (boys and girls) shopping were examined and compared: they enjoy shopping or not, factors affecting their shopping, factors they consider while buying, whom they shop with, what are their views about shopping of the teenagers and from where they prefer to shop? The results revealed no difference between boys and girls; they both are very keen for their personal shopping and are affected by fashion and media. They need opportunity to shop for themselves according their own choice. In view of other researches it is concluded that Teenagers are the fastest growing population and they must be given the opportunity to shop for themselves according to their own choice.
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Pervez, Amjad, Jaeyoung Lee, Helai Huang, and Xiaoqi Zhai. "What Factors Would Make Single-Vehicle Motorcycle Crashes Fatal? Empirical Evidence from Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 5813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105813.
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The existing research on motorcycle safety has shown that single-vehicle motorcycle crashes (SVMC) account for a higher fatality rate than other types of crashes. Also, motorcycle safety has become one of the critical traffic safety issues in many developing countries, such as Pakistan, due to the growing number of motorcycles and lack of sufficient relevant infrastructure. However, the available literature on SVMC and motorcycle safety in developing countries is limited. Therefore, the present study attempted to investigate the factors that contribute to the injury severity of SVMC in a developing country, Pakistan. For this purpose, a random parameter logit model with heterogeneity in means and variances is developed using two years of data extracted from the road traffic injury research project in Karachi city, Pakistan. The study’s findings show that the presence of pillion passengers and young motorcyclists indicators result in random parameters with heterogeneity in their means and variances. The study’s results also reveal that the summer, morning time, weekends, older motorcyclists, collisions with fixed objects, speeding, and overtaking are positively, while younger motorcyclists and the presence of pillion passengers are negatively associated with fatal crashes. More importantly, in the particular Pakistan’s context, female pillion passenger clothes trapped in the wheel, riding under the influence, intersections, U-turns, and collisions due to loss of control are also found to significantly influence the injury severity of SVMC. Based on these research findings, multiple appropriate countermeasures are recommended to enhance motorcycle safety in Pakistan and other developing countries with similar problems.
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Khan, Fareeha. "In Good Company." American Journal of Islam and Society 35, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v35i3.845.
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When I first walked into the living quarters of Begum Noor Jahan ZareefThanawi (1931-2017) in Karachi, I was fatigued from jetlag and notexpecting much to come of the meeting except polite verbal exchanges.But as I absorbed the functionality of every item in the sparsely furnishedroom, and the immense level of spiritual focus she carried within her frail(though still somehow strong!) physical frame, I realized I was sitting in thecompany of no ordinary woman. It was about Begum Zareef that Dr. ‘Abdal-Hayy ‘Arifi—one-time nāẓim of Dar al-‘Ulum Karachi and spiritual successorto Ashraf ‘Ali Thanawi—had remarked, “If we gave khilāfat (spiritualsuccessorship) to women, we would have given it to her.” Though not givenpermission to take spiritual disciples, her sheikh had given her a generalallowance to teach the religious sciences to women. She taught Qur’anicexegesis (tafsīr) for decades out of her home; wrote numerous pamphletson spirituality and religious practice; and published a volume on the legalrulings of Hajj, with a special focus on related women’s issues.If Begum Zareef were asked what was the secret that persuaded hersheikh to give her such a wide allowance to teach, I know her answer wouldbe the pious company (of her sheikh and others) that she kept throughouther life. As Ashraf ‘Ali Thanawi clarifies in Fawāʾid al-ṣuḥba, his famouslecture cited by Darakhshan Khan, it was the ṣuḥba (company) they’d keptthat made the Companions (Ṣaḥāba) who they were. Were it not for thefact that they had sat with the Messenger of God, they would not have attainedtheir otherwise unattainable spiritual and religious rank, and theywould not be seen as a necessary source of religious knowledge for all Muslimswho came after them. In my own book,1 I argue that ṣuḥba, in fact,lies at the spiritual center of Sunni Islam. For one to be a “real Sunni,” onedoes not merely have to accept the probity of every one of the Ṣaḥāba; onemust also accept that the preservation and continuation of true religious ...
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Jato, Fahad Siddique, Muzafar Hussain Buriro, Sajjad Ali, Muhammad Younis, Faheem Ahmed, and Arshan Munir. "Comparison of the Efficacy of Aspirin with Rivaroxaban in Postoperative DVT Prophylaxis after Hip Arthroplasty." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (May 26, 2022): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216518.
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Background: Patients suffering from severe hip arthritis and osteonecrosis are increasingly turning to total hip arthroplasty (THA) as a treatment option, according to recent research. If deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is not treated properly, it can result in a life-threatening pulmonary embolism as well as other potentially life-threatening consequences (PE). Aim: To compare the efficacy of aspirin with rivaroxaban in postoperative dvt prophylaxis after hip arthroplasty in patients at tertiary care hospital, Karachi Methodology: The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Pakistan approved this study prior to its completion. The Department of Orthopedics at JPMC, Karachi, chose those who had complete hip arthroplasty for the study. The school's ethical committee approved the study before it could begin. Before participating in the trial, all patients signed an informed consent form granting them permission to do so. Results: Patients from JPMC Karachi's Department of Orthopedics were included in the study. They were aged 49 to 75. Travel time to the hospital was an average of 58.878.19 years. They were aged 49 to 75. For every month, hour, and day spent in hospital, there are 14.416.14. Eighty people used aspirin, 32(40%) were 40-60 and 48(60%) were 61-75. In the rivaroxaban group, 40 patients (50%) were 40-60, and (61-75). The aspirin group had 80 patients, 38 male (47%) and 42 female (42%) (52.5%). One hundred and twenty-five patients (68.8%) were on rivaroxaban (31.2%). Conclusions: People who have a spontaneous venous thromboembolism should not be given long-term thromboprophylaxis after taking oral anticoagulants until more research is done. It is very important to figure out what DVY risk factors are in order to come up with preventative measures that are both safe and affordable. People can live longer if they get an early diagnosis and get treatment quickly, so they can live longer. High-quality, large-scale studies must be done before a conclusion can be drawn. Keywords: DVY risk, thromboembolism, thromboprophylaxis, arthroplasty
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Khan, Aisha Rahat, Farida Lodhi, Rizwan Muneer, and Huma Mahmood. "The Effect of Mental Pressure Due To Covid-19 on Students’ Educational Performance: A Study from Karachi, Pakistan." Utamax : Journal of Ultimate Research and Trends in Education 4, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/utamax.v4i1.7017.
Full textAbstract:
Coronavirus pandemic had not only affected the physical health of people but also the mental health of people globally. It has developed a fear in the minds of people regarding their selves as well as their loved ones. The essential change in the lifestyles of people and the need for social distancing has stopped the normal activities of people which caused mental disturbance among them. The present quantitative survey-based research has been led to know the impression of COVID 19 on the mental pressure of the students regarding their academic progress. The hypothesis were developed from which one was a null hypothesis; H1, was to find that whether there is a positive relationship between mental stress and COVID and third, H2, was to find whether there is any negative relationship between mental stress and academic progress. Both, H1 and H2, were accepted through conducting quantitative research by circulating an online survey that consists of 14 close-ended questions regarding the 2 research questions made. Respondents were taken from 5 universities of Karachi, Iqra university, Jinnah university for women, NED university of Engineering and Technology, University of Karach, and ZABIST university. The samples was consist of 90 students (54) were females and (36) were male selected by simple random sampling. The statistical method used to analyze the results was the simple percentage method as it clearly defines what percentages of the students were affected by COVID and how it impacted their mental pressure. It was found that there was a positive relationship of COVID on mental pressure that means the complex spread of COVID 19, higher the mental pressure and there was a negative relationship between COVID 19 and academic performance that means that high mental pressure was the cause of the lower performance.