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Sipsas, Nikolaos V., Maria N. Pagoni, Diamantis P. Kofteridis, Joseph Meletiadis, Georgia Vrioni, Maria Papaioannou, Anastasia Antoniadou, George Petrikkos, and George Samonis. "Management of Invasive Fungal Infections in Adult Patients with Hematological Malignancies in Greece during the Financial Crisis: Challenges and Recommendations." Journal of Fungi 4, no. 3 (August 9, 2018): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4030094.
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There are concerns that the financial crisis in Greece negatively affected the management of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) among patients with hematological malignancies (HM). A working group (WG) was formed to explore the situation and make recommendations. A questionnaire was created and distributed to physicians caring for patients with HM, to gather information in a standardized manner on prescribing physicians, patient characteristics, availability of diagnostics, antifungal treatment practices and the conditions and particularities of Greek hospitals. A total of 141 physicians from 36 hematology units and laboratories located in 26 Greek hospitals participated. Regarding hospitalization conditions, only 56% reported that their patients were treated in isolated single or double bed rooms, 22% reported availability of HEPA filters, 47% reported construction works in progress, and an alarming 18% reported the presence of birds on open windows. Regarding diagnosis, only 31% reported availability of biomarkers for diagnosis of IFIs, 76% reported that CT scans were performed in a timely fashion, 42% reported prompt availability of broncho-alveolar lavage, and only 6% availability of therapeutic drug monitoring. Of concern, 26% of the responders reported non-availability of some antifungals. In conclusion, significant challenges exist for the optimal management of IFIs in patients with HM in Greece.
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Stonys, Ričardas, and Dalius Vitkus. "Assessing Non-Laboratory Healthcare Professionals’ Attitude towards the Importance of Patient Preparation for Laboratory Tests." Healthcare 12, no. 10 (May 10, 2024): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12100989.
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(1) Background: Various guidelines address patient preparation and its importance for venous blood sampling, such as the GP41 guideline issued by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the blood collection guidelines published by the World Health Organisation. Recommendations provided by national societies or international organisations in the field of radiology, such as The Contrast Media Safety Committee of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology, or in the field of laboratory medicine, such as the Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) and the Latin American Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE-LATAM) of the Latin American Confederation of Clinical Biochemistry (COLABIOCLI), also guide this practice. There is a notable lack of understanding regarding the viewpoints held by non-laboratory healthcare professionals concerning the significance of patient preparation for laboratory testing and the impact of typical factors associated with patient preparation. This study endeavours to bridge this gap by assessing the attitude of non-laboratory healthcare professionals in Lithuania regarding these pivotal aspects. (2) Methods: A self-designed anonymous questionnaire was disseminated among 141 public healthcare institutions in Lithuania. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated by computing Cronbach’s alpha. Descriptive statistics were utilised for the variables, while comparisons of attitude among groups were conducted using Mann–Whitney U (for two groups) or Kruskal–Wallis (for more than two groups) for categorical and discrete indicators. The Kruskal–Wallis post-hoc test was employed for pairwise comparisons. A significance level of p-Value < 0.05 was applied to establish statistical significance. (3) Results: A total of 158 respondents constituted two distinct groups of healthcare professionals: nurses and physicians. Most of the participants either agreed or strongly agreed that patient preparation could introduce bias into laboratory test results. Professionals with less than 20 years of work experience or those who attended training in patient preparation for sampling within a 5-year timeframe exhibited stronger agreement regarding different preanalytical factors in patient preparation and their impact on laboratory test results compared to their counterparts. (4) Conclusions: Non-laboratory healthcare professionals who participated in this survey consider proper patient preparation for laboratory testing to be a significant step towards obtaining accurate test results. They also recognize the commonly acknowledged preanalytical factors as important for ensuring reliable test results. However, attitudes towards the importance of several preanalytical factors vary depending on whether non-laboratory healthcare professionals have more or less than 20 years of work experience, as well as whether they have attended any training on this topic within the last five years or have never attended such training.
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Picard, Martin, Kristina Csukly, Marie-Eve Robillard, Richard Godin, Alexis Ascah, Céline Bourcier-Lucas, and Yan Burelle. "Resistance to Ca2+-induced opening of the permeability transition pore differs in mitochondria from glycolytic and oxidative muscles." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 295, no. 2 (August 2008): R659—R668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.90357.2008.
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This study determined whether susceptibility to opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP) varies according to muscle phenotype represented by the slow oxidative soleus (Sol) and superficial white gastrocnemius (WG). Threshold for Ca2+-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ release following PTP opening was determined with a novel approach using permeabilized ghost myofibers. Threshold values for PTP opening were approximately threefold higher in fibers from WG compared with those from Sol (124 ± 47 vs. 30.4 ± 6.8 pmol Ca2+/mU citrate synthase). A similar phenomenon was also observed in isolated mitochondria (threshold: 121 ± 60 vs. 40 ± 10 nmol Ca2+/mg protein in WG and Sol), indicating that this was linked to differences in mitochondrial factors between the two muscles. The resistance of WG fibers to PTP opening was not related to the expression of putative protein modulators (cyclophilin D, adenylate nucleotide translocator-1, and voltage-dependent anion channels) or to difference in respiratory properties and occurred despite the fact that production of reactive oxygen species, which promote pore opening, was higher than in the Sol. However, endogenous matrix Ca2+ measured in mitochondria isolated under resting baseline conditions was approximately twofold lower in the WG than in the Sol (56 ± 4 vs. 111 ± 11 nmol/mg protein), which significantly accounted for the resistance of WG. Together, these results reveal fiber type differences in the sensitivity to Ca2+-induced PTP opening, which may constitute a physiological mechanism to adapt mitochondria to the differences in Ca2+ dynamics between fiber types.
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Andreasik, Jan. "Ontologia przedsiębiorstwa według teorii przedmiotu Romana Ingardena." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy, no. 1 (15) (April 6, 2009): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.1419.
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W artykule zdefiniowano oryginalną ontologię przedsiębiorstwa. Ontologia ta oparta jest na aparacie pojęciowym teorii przedmiotu polskiego filozofa Romana Ingardena. W rozdziale drugim autor przedstawił definicję przedmiotu indywidualnego wg tej teorii. W definicji ujęto pojęcia: istota, forma, materia, sposób istnienia, konstytutywna natura, podmiot własności, uposażenie własności, własności, stan rzeczy, stosunek. W analogii do tych pojęć autor definiuje własne pojęcia ontologii przedsiębiorstwa: istota przedsiębiorstwa, forma systemu kompetencyjnego przedsiębiorstwa, zawartość ocen, wizja przedsiębiorstwa, system kompetencyjny przedsiębiorstwa, oceny kompetencji, kryteria oceny, trajektorie wyników, gramatyka trajektorii, stan przedsiębiorstwa, stan potencjału kompetencyjnego, stan luki kompetencyjnej, akt wyjaśniania. Wg przedstawionej ontologii przedsiębiorstwa tworzone są opisy przypadków w inteligentnym systemie rozpoznawania stanu przedsiębiorstwa projektowanego zgodnie z metodologią CBR (Case-Based Reasoning).
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Feng, Hu, Xiangyu Zhao, Gang Chen, Changwei Miao, Xiaocong Zhao, Danying Gao, and Gangzhu Sun. "The Effect of Nano-Particles and Water Glass on the Water Stability of Magnesium Phosphate Cement Based Mortar." Materials 12, no. 22 (November 14, 2019): 3755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223755.
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This paper experimentally presented the water stability of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) modified by nano-Al2O3 (NA), nano-Fe2O3 (NF) and water glass (WG). The optimal addition of 6% NA, 2% NF and 1% WG significantly improved the water stability of MPC mortar by 86%, 101% and 96% after 28 days of water immersion, respectively. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were used to analyze the water stability of MPC modified by NA, NF and WG. The results of the micrograph and composition analysis revealed that the proper amount of NA, NF or WG could fill the micro pores and improve the hydration of interior structures of MPC mortar. Thus, the microstructural compactness was satisfied to keep a good water stability of MPC mortar.
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Sadasivan, Kalesh, K. Abraham Samuel, Vinayan P. Nair, and M. Divin Murukesh. "Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) of Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India and its environs." ENTOMON 49, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v49i1.1052.
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The odonate diversity of the Silent Valley National Park (SVNP) in the Western Ghats (WG) of Kerala state, in southern India, is discussed. A total of 111 species of odonates (41 Zygoptera and 70 Anisoptera) including 29 endemics were recorded for the SVNP region, out of the 181 species (14 families, 87 genera with 68 WG endemics). SVNP harbours 53.37 per cent of WG and 61.34 per cent of the odonate diversity of Kerala. In addition, this includes 42.64 percent endemic odonates of Kerala and 35.80 percent of WG. With respect to IUCN Red List status, there were two vulnerable, three near threatened, 84 least concerned, 17 data deficient, and five species whose status was not assessed. Family Libellulidae (40 species) dominated the diversity, followed by Coenagrionidae and Gomphidae (16 species each). None of the species listed from SVNP is protected under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022.
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Yasir, Muhammad, Waqas Ahmed, Ihtisham Islam, Muhammad Sajid, Hammad Tariq Janjuhah, and George Kontakiotis. "Composition, Texture, and Weathering Controls on the Physical and Strength Properties of Selected Intrusive Igneous Rocks from Northern Pakistan." Geosciences 12, no. 7 (July 7, 2022): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12070273.
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This study examines the mineralogy, texture, and weathering grades of intrusive igneous rocks from northern Pakistan, as well as their impacts on physical and strength properties. In comparison to felsic rocks, mafic and intermediate rocks have lower cumulative proportions of quartz, feldspar, and plagioclase, as well as higher specific gravity, strength (i.e., UCS and R-value), and UPV values. Similarly, samples with anhedral grain shapes, irregular boundaries, and fine to medium grain sizes (UD, ANS, and CGN) exhibited greater strength values, with compressive strengths of 121, 118, and 91 MPa and tensile strengths of 11, 9, and 12 MPa, respectively. The physical and strength properties of the investigated samples corresponded well with the weathering grades assigned to them, such as fresh (WG-I), slightly weathered (WG-II), and highly weathered (WG-III). That is, as the grade increased from WG-I to WG-III, the porosity and water absorption increased (0.28% and 0.72%, respectively), whereas the specific gravity, compressive strength, and tensile strength decreased (2.04, 20, and 2.5 MPa, respectively, for CGA). Although the presence of quartz impacts rock strength, no significant association was found between the strength and the maximum and mean grain sizes of other minerals.
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Lukanov, H., A. Genchev, and P. Kolev. "COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF EGG PRODUCTION IN WG, GG AND GL JAPANESE QUAIL POPULATIONS." Trakia Journal of Sciences 16, no. 4 (2018): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2018.04.011.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate egg production in three heavy Japanese quail populations created and reared in the Poultry Breeding Unit of the Trakia University – Bulgaria, marked as WG, GG and GL. In the experiments, 160 female birds from populations WG and GG, and 96 female birds from population GL were tested up to the 6th production month. The main egg production traits were controlled. The highest egg production for the period was demonstrated in group GL (79.84±4.46%), followed by group GG (76.33±3.40%) and group WG (72.11±4.16%). Quails from the WG group were outlined with least efficient feed conversion per egg (74.49±1.21 g feed), while those from the GL group: with the most efficient one – 64.93±1.41 g (p<0.01). The highest average egg weight in descending order was observed in the WG group (14.04±0.32 g), GG group (13.65±0.27 g) and GL group (12.79±0.29 g). The Japanese quail populations created and maintained at the Trakia University showed a potentially good egg production for the production type they belonged to, which makes them attractive for use in interline hybridisation schedules, including for production of autosexing stock layers.
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Mostoviak, S., I. Mostoviak, O. Borzykh, and V. Fedorenko. "Ecotoxicological assessment of the application of chemical products of plant protection against pests." Karantin i zahist roslin, no. 3 (September 26, 2022): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2022.3.3-10.
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Goal. To analyze the number of insecticides and acaricides during the cultivation of crops in Ukraine and in the central part of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine and to determine the degree of danger of their application.
Methods. Analytical, economic and statistical, comparative analysis. The analysis of the amount of chemical plant protection products for 2018—2020 was conducted according to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Ecotoxicological assessment of 23 chemicals was performed using the Methodologies of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS of Ukraine according to the safety data sheet of the preparations and the properties of the active ingredient. The assessment of the level of potential danger of insecticides and acaricides was performed according to the integrated classification of pesticides according to the degree of danger of their application, taking into account indicators of pesticide toxicity (LD50) and their half-life (T50) in soil.
Results. In 2018—2020, on average, 1,750.5 thousand kg/ year of chemical pesticides were used in Ukraine, including 279.1 thousand kg in the territory of the Central Forest Steppe. The most common in Ukraine are preparations based on active agent chlorpyrifos (743.0 thousand kg/ year), active agent dimethoate (95 thousand kg/ year) and active agent lambda-cyhalothrin (80.2 thousand kg/ year), which are stable in soil and according to the indicator of acute oral toxicity are classified as hazard classes 2 and 3. The most common acaricides against ticks are those based on active agent clofentezine and pyridaben (3.01 and 3.08 thousand kg/ year, respectively). It was found that insecticides Danadim Mix, EC (Dimetoat, 400 g/ l + Gamma-Cyhalothrin, 4 g/ l), Lamdex, mc.s. (Dimetoat, 400 g/ l + Gamma-Cyhalothrin, 4 g/ l), Rimon Fast, SC (Novaluron, 50 g/ l + Bifenthrin, 50 g/ l), Cezar e.c. (Bifenthrin, 100 g/ l), Shaman, EC (Chlorpyrifos, 500 g/ l + Cypermethrin, 50 g/ l) and acaricide Sunmite, m.p. (Pyridabem, 200 g/ kg) with LD50 55—160 mg/ kg. Most preparations are highly resistant chemical compounds with half-life (Т50) in soil 51-386 days. These are: Aktara 25WG, w.g. (Thiamethoxam, 250 g/ kg), Ampligo 150 ZC, FC (Chlorantraniliprole, 100 g/ l + Lambda-Cyhalothrin, 50 g/ l), Voliam Flexi 300 SC, e.c. (Thiamethoxam, 200 g/ l + Lambda-Cyhalothrin, 100 g/ l), Engio 247 SC, s.c. (Lambda-Cyhalothrin, 106 g/ l + Thiamethoxam, 141 g/ l), Coragen 20, s.c. (Chlorantraniliprole, 200 g/ l), Lamdex, mc.s. (Lambda-Cyhalothrin, 50 g/ l), Mavrik, BE (Tau-fluvalinate, 240 g/ l), Rimon Fast, SC (Novaluron, 50 g/ l + Bifenthrin, 50 g/ l), Cezar e.c. (Bifenthrin, 100 g/ l), Shaman e.c. (Chlorpyrifos, 500 g/ l + Cypermethrin, 50 g/ l), Apollo, s.c. (Clofentesin, 500 g/ l), Sunmite, m.p. (Pyridaben, 200 g/ кg). Conclusions. In Ukraine and in the Central Forest-Steppe the amounts of chemical plant protection products are considerable, which increases the emergence of environmental risks in agrophytocenosis. Most pesticides contain active agent with a high rate of acute oral toxicity and are classified as hazard class 2. According to the degree of danger level, preparations Decis Profi WG (Deltamethin, 250 g/ кg), Decis f-Lux 25 EC (Deltamethin, 25 g/ l), Kalipso 480 SC (Thiacloprid, 480 g/ l), Kormoran, EC (Novaluron, 100 g/ l + Acetamiprid, 80 g/ l), Proclaim 5 SG (Emamectin benzoane, 50 g/ кg), Rubizh, e.c. (Dimetoat, 400 g/ l) belong to low-hazardper (danger level 6—7). According to the combination of ecotoxicological and sanitary-hygienic indicators, dangerous pesticides (3 degree) include preparations Ampligo 150 ZC, FK (Chlorantraniliprole, 100 g/ l + Lambda-Cyhalothrin, 50 g/ l), Engio 247 SC, s.c. (Lambda-Cyhalothrin, 106 g/ l + Thiamethoxam, 141 g/ l) and Masai, s.p. (Tebufenpyrad, 200 g/ кg), very dangerous — (2 degree) — Lamdex, mc.s. (Lambda-Cyhalothrin, 50 g/ l), Rimon Fast, SC (Novaluron, 50 g/ l + Bifenthrin, 50 g/ l), Cezar e.c. (Bifenthrin, 100 g/ l) and Sunmite, m.p. (Pyridabem 200 g/ kg). These preparations are highly toxic and decompose in agrophytocenosis slowly, and therefore their use should be limited to reduce environmental risks.
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Abisror, N., Y. Nguyen, L. Marozio, E. Esteve-Valverde, S. Udry, D. E. Pleguezuelo, P. Billoir, et al. "AB0457 OBSTETRICAL OUTCOME AND TREATMENTS DURING PREGNANCY IN SERONEGATIVE PRIMARY APS: DATA FROM EUROPEAN RETROSPECTIVE STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1527.1–1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3537.
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Background:Objectives:To compare clinical characteristics, pregnancies, and treatments during pregnancies of seronegative and seropositive APS, and analyse factors associated with adverse obstetrical outcomes.Methods:Inclusion criteria were: (1) thrombotic arterial and/or venous; and /or obstetrical primary clinical APS (Sydney criteria); (2) absence of conventional antiphospholipid antibodies; (3) presence of at least one non-conventional APL among IgA ACL, IgA antiB2GPI, anti-vimentin G/M, anti-annexin V G/M, anti-PE G/M, anti-PS/PT G/M antibodies. The exclusion criteria were: (1) seropositive APS with conventional APS; (2) associated SLE or SLE like (SLE features and / or positive antinuclear autoantibodies); (3) other systemic connective tissue disease (Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis, myositis).Results:187 women (mean 33±5 years) with seronegative APS were included from 12 centers in the world and compared to 285 patients with seropositive APS. Seronegative APS have mostly obstetrical phenotypes rather than venous thrombosis in comparison to seropositive APS. The maternal and fetal outcomes and the rates of live births were not significantly different in seronegative and seropositive APS, except for higher rates of intrauterine deaths (15% vs 5%; p=0.03) and lower live birth term (36±3 vs 38±3 weeks of gestation; p=0.04) in the seropositive APS group. The cumulative incidence of adverse obstetrical events was significantly improved in treated seronegative APS vs untreated ones (log rank<0.05), whereas there was no difference between patients who received aspirin or aspirin-LMWH combinationConclusion:Patients with clinical manifestations of APS without conventional APL should undergo testing for non-criteria APL. The diagnosis of seronegative APS could be important for a better care of these patients.Table 1.Characteristics of seronegative and seropositive APS women.Seronegative APSN=187Seropositive APSN=285APS featuresThrombotic APS Arterial APS (n;%)0105 (37)* Venous APS (n;%)9 (6)154 (54)*Obstetrical APS (n;%)168 (89)89 (31)*Mix APS (n;%)8 (4)16 (6)Non criteria features (n;%)16 (9)141 (49)*Obstetrical history Miscarriages (n;%)66 (35)18 (6)* Intrauterine deaths (n;%)60 (32)46 (16)* Prematurity <34 wg (n;%)43 (23)31 (11)*Table 2.Pregnancy outcome and treatment in seronegative and seropositive APS.Seronegative APS pregnanciesN=108Seropositive APS pregnanciesN=75Thrombotic APS Arterial APS (n;%)020 (27)* Venous APS (n;%)8 (7)42 (56)*Obstetrical APS (n;%)93 (86)36 (48)*Mix APS (n;%)6 (6)18 (24)Aspirin (n;%) / Aspirin alone95 (88) / 32 (30)57 (76)* / 2 (3)*LMWH isocoagulant amounts (n;%)63 (58)39 (52)Aspirin-LMWH (n;%)65 (60)55 (73)Preeclampsia/HELLP syndrome (n;%)7 (7)12 (16)*IUGR (n;%)5 (5)7 (10)Fetal loss (n;%)33 (31)22 (29)Miscarriage / Intrauterine deaths23 (21) / 5 (5)11 (15) / 11 (15)*Prematurity<34 weeks of gestation (n;%)6 (6)9 (12)Term of fetal loss (weeks gestation)10±813±7Live births (n;%)75 (69)53 (70)Term of live birth (weeks gestation)38±336±3*Disclosure of Interests: :None declared
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Souza, Ricardo Henrique Bastos de, Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Júnior, Filipe dos Santos Cipriano, Kauana Santos Lima, Sylvia Sanae Takishita, and Luís Gustavo Tavares Braga. "Performance of juvenile mojarra supplied with feed containing varying levels of crude protein." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 40, no. 2 (April 2016): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542016402030715.
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ABSTRACT The growth of the Brazilian aquaculture has stimulated the development of the productive chain of native species, including marine environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of juvenile mojarra fish (Diapterus rhombeus) fed diets containing different concentrations of crude protein (32, 36, 40 and 44 g 100 g-1). The 80 juvenile mojarra (7.2±1.5 g) were kept in 16 circular tanks (150 L). The study design used was completely randomized with four treatments and four repetitions. The fish were fed four times a day. At the end of the experiment (60 days) the final weight, feed intake, weight gain (WG), feed:gain ratio (FGR), protein efficiency rate (PER), energy efficiency rate, specific growth, survival rate and, body composition were evaluated. It was verified significant effect of protein level on the WG, with the best value at the level of 38.20 g 100 g-1 of crude protein. For FGR, the best estimated value occurred with 38.06 g 100 g-1 of crude protein, similar to that reported for the PER (38.91 g 100 g-1). The other performance parameters and body composition were not influenced by crude protein levels. Diet crude protein concentrations between 38.06 and 38.91 g 100 g-1 provide the best performance indices for juvenile mojarra.
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Alake, Sanmi, Babajide Ojo, Amritpal Kaur, Siau Yen Wong, Bryant Keirns, Jerry Ritchey, Winyoo Chowanadisai, et al. "Supplemental Wheat Germ Activates the STAT3-Reg3 Pathway in the Gut and Attenuates the Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein Gene in the Adipose Tissue of Mice Fed a Western Diet." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa068_001.
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Abstract Objectives This study investigated the effects of wheat germ (WG) on gut antimicrobial peptides (AMPs, i.e., regenerating islet-derived protein [Reg] 3 g and Reg3b) in the jejunum and its potential to inhibit nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) activation and immune cell infiltration in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of mice fed a control or a western diet (i.e., high fat and high sucrose, HFS). Methods Six-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 12/group), and fed a control (C, 10% kcal fat, 10% kcal sucrose) or HFS (45% kcal fat, 26% kcal sucrose) diet with or without 10% WG (wt/wt) for 12 wks. Metabolic parameters were quantified in the serum. Phosphorylation of STAT3 in the jejunum and NF-kB activation in the VAT were assessed by immunoblotting. Gut antimicrobial peptide genes, and macrophage and inflammatory markers were measured by qPCR. Results After 12 wks of dietary treatment, WG significantly improved hyperglycemia, fasting insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) by at least 17% (P ≤ 0.0034) in HFS-fed mice. Protein expression of the pore-forming claudin-2 was elevated in the jejunum of HFS-fed mice (≥101%; P = 0.0016). Supplemental WG upregulated Il-10 and Il-22 genes in the jejunum (≥116%; P ≤ 0.035). The HFS + WG group had a 15-fold increase (P = 0.0012) in pSTAT3 compared to the HFS group in the jejunum. Consequently, the mRNA expression of Reg3b and Reg3g were significantly upregulated in the jejunum by WG supplementation (≥42%; P ≤ 0.043). In the VAT, the HFS group had greater NF-kBp65 phosphorylation compared to C, while HFS + WG group suppressed this to the level of C (–38%; P = 0.014). In addition, VAT Il-6 and Lbp genes were downregulated in the HFS + WG group compared to HFS (P ≤ 0.0032). Macrophage-related genes, F4/80, Cd11c, and iNos, were repressed (≥−28%; P ≤ 0.048) in the VAT of WG-supplemented mice. Conclusions The stimulatory effects of WG on signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) and AMPs in the gut may be vital to reduce the burden of antigen translocation that could initiate adipose tissue inflammation and contribute to obesity-induced IR. Funding Sources This study was funded by Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station (project # OKL02993) and by the Oklahoma State University College of Human Sciences.
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Wang, Yuxiang, Mio Tonouchi, Dragana Miskovic, Hideo Hatta, and Arend Bonen. "T3 increases lactate transport and the expression of MCT4, but not MCT1, in rat skeletal muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 285, no. 3 (September 2003): E622—E628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00069.2003.
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Triiodothyronine (T3) regulates the expression of genes involved in muscle metabolism. Therefore, we examined the effects of a 7-day T3 treatment on the monocarboxylate transporters (MCT)1 and MCT4 in heart and in red (RG) and white gastrocnemius muscle (WG). We also examined rates of lactate transport into giant sarcolemmal vesicles and the plasmalemmal MCT1 and MCT4 in these vesicles. Ingestion of T3 markedly increased circulating serum T3 ( P < 0.05) and reduced weight gain ( P < 0.05). T3 upregulated MCT1 mRNA (RG +77, WG +49, heart +114%, P < 0.05) and MCT4 mRNA (RG +300, WG +40%). However, only MCT4 protein expression was increased (RG +43, WG +49%), not MCT1 protein expression. No changes in MCT1 protein were observed in any tissue. T3 treatment doubled the rate of lactate transport when vesicles were exposed to 1 mM lactate ( P < 0.05). However, plasmalemmal MCT4 was only modestly increased (+13%, P < 0.05). We conclude that T3 1) regulates MCT4, but not MCT1, protein expression and 2) increases lactate transport rates. This latter effect is difficult to explain by the modest changes in plasmalemmal MCT4. We speculate that either the activity of sarcolemmal MCTs has been altered or else other MCTs in muscle may have been upregulated.
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Klophaus, Nils, Udo F. Wehmeier, Julia Forstner, Armin Jansen, Herbert Probst, Stephan Grüter, and Thomas Hilberg. "The Impact of Medical Face Masks and Rehabilitation Duration on the Performance Output and Outcomes of Cardiologic Rehabilitants." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 4 (February 14, 2024): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13041086.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, wearing a medical face mask became mandatory in daily life and also in cardiological rehabilitation. In order to investigate whether the performance and outcomes of cardiological rehabilitation were affected by face masks, we compared data from patients who underwent rehabilitation with face masks with data from patients without face masks. In total, 114 patients from an ambulant rehabilitation center were included. Of them, 60 patients completed rehabilitation without a face mask (NFM). In contrast, 54 patients (with a face mask, WFM) completed their rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic and had to wear medical face masks for the entire day and also during ergometer training or other interventions. Subgroups were formed with patients who accepted to extend rehabilitation for one week (4 WG); the other patients only completed 3-week rehabilitation (3 WG). We analyzed the performance and outcomes of all groups (NFM; WFM, 3 WG and 4 WG). At baseline, no group differences were detected. All groups significantly improved their power output and heart rate recovery, without any group differences. We conclude that face masks and also an additional rehabilitation week do not affect the exercise performance or outcomes of out-house cardiological rehabilitation.
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Kiisk, Liidia, and Mai Ots-Rosenberg. "Intensive nutritional counselling obviates a weight gain in kidney transplant recipients with long-term graft survival in Estonia." F1000Research 5 (November 10, 2016): 2658. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10035.1.
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Background. After kidney transplantation body weight gain (WG) in patients generally increases and this can be influenced by improved appetite and reversal of the uremic state. Because of a lack of evidence for effective interventions that prevent body WG after kidney transplantation, Ryan et al. recently published a randomized controlled trial design in BMC Nephrology to assess the effects of intensive nutrition interventions on WG and metabolic parameters. Here we are demonstrating a part of a study performed at our transplantation centre where we also performed an intensive nutritional counselling intervention on kidney recipients. We hypothesised that kidney transplant (KTx) patients who received intensive counselling may have better long-term weight control compared with patients who did not receive such counselling. Methods. During intensive counselling the dietician took into consideration the results of anthropometry, densitometry, biochemistry, food frequency questionnaire and an analysis of 3-day dietary records. Anthropometrical measurements were assessed at 18 months, 36 months, and, finally, 10 years after the kidney transplantation. Results. We noticed WG in all KTx patients (n=56) both in males and females, as follows: in the standard care group the mean WG in males (N=21) was 6.4 kg, females (N=15) 7.0 kg and among intensively counselled males (N=9) 4.6 kg, females (N=11) 1.1 kg. Statistically non-significant weight change was found among counselled living KTx patients with long-term graft survival both in males (p=0.0680) and females ( p=0.3166) which was registered 10 years after the KTx compared with the first measurement mean weight. Among standard care control KTx patients, weight change was statistically significant in both males and females (males: p=0.0016; females: p=0.0040) 10 years after the KTx. Conclusions. The long-term WG data clearly showed that in our population of KT patients, the patients who received intensive individual dietary counselling had much more educated behaviour in the long-term, thereby preventing WG which is a well-known risk factor for long-term graft failure as well as for cardiovascular complications and mortality.
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Schmitz, Marion, Heinz J. Andernach, Suzanne Borde, Kirk D. Borne, Anne P. Cowley, Helene R. Dickel, Pascal Dubois, et al. "DIVISION XII / COMMISSION 5 / WORKING GROUP DESIGNATIONS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, T26B (December 2007): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308024174.
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At the 2003 Sydney IAU meeting, Marion Schmitz (Caltech, USA) took over the chair of the Commission 5 Working Group Designations, succeeding Helene Dickel. The Working Group Designations of IAU Commission 5 clarifies existing astronomical nomenclature and helps astronomers avoid potential problems when designating their sources. The most important function of WG Designations during the period 2003-2005 was overseeing the IAU REGISTRY FOR ACRONYMS (for newly discovered astronomical sources of radiation: see the website <http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/DicForm>) which is sponsored by the WG and operated by the Centre de Données de Strasbourg (CDS). The Clearing House, a subgroup of the WG, screens the submissions for accuracy and conformity to the IAU Recommendations for Nomenclature (<http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/iau-spec.html>). From its beginning in 1997 through August 2006, there have been 132 submissions and 111 acceptances. Attempts to register asterisms, common star names, and suspected variable stars were rejected. The past three years saw 61 acronyms submitted with 50 of them being accepted. (GIRL - yes; WOMEN - no).
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Mörchen, Manfred, Olmedo Zambrano, Alexander Páez, Paola Salgado, Jason Penniecook, Andrea Brandt von Lindau, and David Lewis. "Disability-Disaggregated Data Collection: Hospital-Based Application of the Washington Group Questions in an Eye Hospital in Paraguay." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 17 (August 25, 2019): 3085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173085.
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Disability-disaggregated data are increasingly considered important to monitor progress in Universal Eye Health Care. Hospital-based data are still elusive because of the cultural ambiguities of the term disability, especially in under-resourced Health Information Systems in low-and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the hospital-based rate of disability in patients presenting at an eye department of a rural hospital in Paraguay and to discuss implications for the management of access barriers. Therefore, we introduced two standardized sets of the Washington Group (WG) Questions as a pilot project. In total, 999 patients answered the self-report WG short set (WG-SS) questionnaire with six functional domains, and 501 of these patients answered an extended set, which included additional domains for “anxiety” and “depression” (WG-ES3). Overall, 27.7% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 24.9–30.3) were categorized as having a disability. A total of 9.6% (95% CI 7.9–11.6) were categorized as having a disability because of communication difficulties, which was second only to visual difficulties. The odds ratio for disability for patients aged 70 years and older was 8.5 (95% CI 5.0–14.4) and for male patients, it was 0.83 (95% CI 0.62–1.1). Of those patients who answered the WG-ES3, 3.4% were categorized as having a disability because of being worried, nervous or anxious and 1.4% because of feeling depressed. An analysis of the questions of the “depression” domain was impeded by a high rate of measurement errors. The results of the different domains can now be used to inform the identification and mitigation of potential access barriers to eye health services for different types of impairments.
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Muschietti, L., I. Roth, C. W. Carlson, and M. Berthomier. "Modeling stretched solitary waves along magnetic field lines." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2002): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-9-101-2002.
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Abstract. A model is presented for a new type of fast solitary waves which is observed in downward current regions of the auroral zone. The three-dimensional, coherent structures are electrostatic, have a positive potential, and move along the magnetic field lines with speeds on the order of the electron drift. Their parallel potential profile is flattened and cannot fit to the Gaussian shape used in previous work. We develop a detailed BGK model which includes a flattened potential and an assumed cylindrical symmetry around a centric magnetic field line. The model envisions concentric shells of trapped electrons slowly drifting azimuthally while bouncing back and forth in the parallel direction. The electron dynamics is analysed in terms of three basic motions that occur on different time scales characterized by the cyclotron frequency We , the bounce frequency wb , and the azimuthal drift frequency wg. The ordering We >> wb >> wg is required. Self-consistent distribution functions are calculated in terms of approximate constants of motion. Constraints on the parameters characterizing the amplitude and shape of the stretched solitary wave are discussed.
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Giglio, Bruna M., Raquel M. Schincaglia, Alexandre S. da Silva, Ieda C. S. Fazani, Paula A. Monteiro, João F. Mota, Juliana P. Cunha, Claude Pichard, and Gustavo D. Pimentel. "Whey Protein Supplementation Compared to Collagen Increases Blood Nesfatin Concentrations and Decreases Android Fat in Overweight Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Study." Nutrients 11, no. 9 (September 2, 2019): 2051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092051.
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Protein supplements are usually used to control body weight, however, the impact of protein quality on body fat attenuation is unknown. We investigated the effects of isocaloric isoproteic supplementation of either whey protein (WG) or hydrolysed collagen supplementation (CG) on dietary intake, adiposity and biochemical markers in overweight women. Methods: In this randomized double-blind study, 37 women, [mean ± SE, age 40.6 ± 1.7 year; BMI (kg/m2) 30.9 ± 0.6], consumed sachets containing 40 g/day of concentrated whey protein (25 g total protein, 2.4 leucine, 1.0 valine, 1.5 isoleucine, n = 17) or 38 g/day of hydrolysed collagen (26 g total protein, 1.02 leucine, 0.91 valine, 0.53 isoleucine, n = 20) in the afternoon snack. The compliance was set at >70% of the total theoretical doses. The dietary intake was evaluated by a 6-day food record questionnaire. At the beginning and after eight weeks of follow-up, body composition was evaluated by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and lipid profile, insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin and nesfastin plasma concentrations were analyzed. Results: Supplements were isocaloric and isoproteic. There were no differences in caloric intake (p = 0.103), protein (p = 0.085), carbohydrate (p = 0.797) and lipids (p = 0.109) intakes. The branched chain amino acids (BCAA) (GC: 1.8 ± 0.1 g vs. WG: 5.5 ± 0.3 g, p < 0.001) and leucine intake (CG: 0.1 ± 0.1 g vs. WG: 2.6 ± 0.1 g, p < 0.001) were higher in WG compared to CG. BMI increased in the CG (0.2 ± 1.1 kg/m2, p = 0.044) but did not change in WG. WG decreased the android fat (−0.1 ± 0.3 kg, p = 0.031) and increased nesfatin concentrations (4.9 ± 3.2 ng/mL, p = 0.014) compared to CG. Conclusions: Whey protein supplementation in overweight women increased nesfatin concentrations and could promote increase of resting metabolic rate as part of body composition improvement programs compared to collagen supplementation for 8 weeks. Additionally, our findings suggest that collagen may not be an effective supplement for overweight women who are attempting to alter body composition.
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Simundic, Ana-Maria, Karin Bolenius, Janne Cadamuro, Stephen Church, Michael P. Cornes, Edmee C. van Dongen-Lases, Pinar Eker, et al. "Joint EFLM-COLABIOCLI recommendation for venous blood sampling - v 1.1, June 2018." Revista Romana de Medicina de Laborator 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rrlm-2024-0004.
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Abstract Acest document oferă o recomandare comună a Federației Europene de Chimie Clinică și Medicină de Laborator (EFLM), Grupului de lucru pentru faza preanalitică (WG-PRE) și Grupului de lucru din America Latină pentru Faza preanalitică (WG-PRE-LATAM) al Confederației Americii Latine de Biochimie Clinică (COLABIOCLI) pentru recoltarea sângelui venos. Documentul oferă îndrumări asupra cerințelor pentru asigurarea faptului că procedura de recoltare a sângelui este una sigură, centrată pe pacient și oferă îndrumări practice despre cum să fie depășite cu succes potențiale bariere și obstacole în calea difuzării și implementării ei. Publicul țintă pentru această recomandare este personalul medical implicat direct în procesul de recoltare a sângelui. Această recomandare se aplică în cazul utilizării unui sistem închis de recoltare a sângelui și nu oferă recomandări pentru recoltarea sângelui cu seringi și catetere în sistem deschis. Mai mult, acest document nu abordează obținerea consimțământului pacientului, solicitarea testelor, manipularea și transportul probelor și nici recoltarea de la copii și pacienții inconștienți. Procedura recomandată se bazează pe cele mai bune dovezi disponibile. Fiecare pas a fost evaluat folosind un sistem care punctează calitatea dovezilor și puterea recomandării. Procesul de evaluare a fost realizat la mai multe întâlniri față în față implicând aceleași părți interesate menționate anterior. Principalele părți ale acestei recomandări sunt: 1) Proceduri de pre-recoltare, 2) Procedura de recoltare, 3) Proceduri de post-recoltare şi 4) Implementarea. O primă schiță a recomandării a fost transmisă membrilor EFLM pentru consultare publică. A fost invitat și WG-PRE-LATAM pentru a comenta documentul. O versiune revizuită a fost trimisă spre vot tuturor membrilor EFLM și COLABIOCLI și a fost aprobată oficial de 33 dintre cei 40 de membri EFLM și toți membri COLABIOCLI. Încurajăm profesioniștii din toată Europa şi America Latină să adopte şi să implementeze această recomandare pentru a îmbunătăți calitatea practicilor de recoltare a sângelui și creșterea siguranței pacientului și personalului medical.
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Mactaggart, Islay, Ammar Hasan Bek, Lena Morgon Banks, Tess Bright, Carlos Dionicio, Shaffa Hameed, Shailes Neupane, et al. "Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 31, 2021): 9213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179213.
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The Washington Group (WG) tools capture self-reported functional limitations, ranging from 6 domains in the Short Set (SS) to 11 in the Extended Set (ESF). Prevalence estimates can vary considerably on account of differences between modules and the different applications of them. We compare prevalence estimates by WG module, threshold, application and domain to explore these nuances and consider whether alternative combinations of questions may be valuable in reduced sets. We conducted secondary analyses of seven population-based surveys (analyses restricted to adults 18+) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries that used the WG tools. The prevalence estimates using the SS standard threshold (a lot of difficulty or higher in one or more domain) varied between 3.2% (95% Confidence Interval 2.9–3.6) in Vanuatu to 14.1% (12.2–16.2) in Turkey. The prevalence was higher using the ESF than the SS, and much higher (5 to 10-fold) using a wider threshold of “some” or greater difficulty. Two of the SS domains (communication, self-care) identified few additional individuals with functional limitations. An alternative SS replacing these domains with the psychosocial domains of anxiety and depression would identify more participants with functional limitations for the same number of items. The WG tools are valuable for collecting harmonised population data on disability. It is important that the impact on prevalence of use of different modules, thresholds and applications is recognised. An alternative SS may capture a greater proportion of people with functional domains without increasing the number of items.
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Thorpe, Jerill, Julie Rytlewski, Heidi Gillenwater, Ken Ogasawara, Yeonhee Kim, Diana Shpektor, Eniko Papp, and Leanne Peiser. "449 Concurrent ibrutinib enhances T cell function in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treated with lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (November 2021): A477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.449.
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BackgroundCLL is an incurable hematologic malignancy characterized by progressive accumulation of clonally derived CD19+ B-cell lymphocytes. CAR T cell therapies are promising treatments but inherent T cell dysfunction has limited their development in CLL. Preclinical studies suggest ibrutinib may modulate CAR T cells directly to improve their function independently of antitumor effects. Liso-cel is an autologous, CD19-directed, defined composition, 4–1BB CAR T cell product administered at equal target doses of CD8+ and CD4+ CAR+ T cells. The ongoing TRANSCEND CLL 004 study evaluates the efficacy and safety of liso-cel alone (monotherapy) or with concurrent ibrutinib (combination) in relapsed/refractory (R/R) CLL.1 We investigated the effect of ibrutinib on post-infusion CAR+ and endogenous T cells relative to monotherapy using a novel cell-sorting, low-input RNA-seq method for analysis of patient cells beyond peak expansion, including 1 and 2 months after liso-cel infusion.MethodsCAR+ and endogenous T cells from patients in TRANSCEND CLL 004 (NCT03331198; monotherapy, n=16; combination, n=19) were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. RNA-seq was performed using cell lysate as input material. CAR+ T cell pharmacokinetics were assessed by flow cytometry. Serum interleukin-6 was measured by electrochemiluminescent multiplex immunoassay. Minimal residual disease (<10−4) was evaluated by flow cytometry in peripheral blood and next-generation sequencing in bone marrow.ResultsGene set enrichment analyses revealed positive enrichment of cell proliferation-associated gene sets and negative enrichment of inflammation-associated gene sets at peak expansion in CAR+ T cells from combination relative to monotherapy patients. Similar, but less marked, proliferation- and inflammation-associated gene expression changes were also observed in endogenous T cells. Accordingly, increased CAR+ T cell expansion and reduced serum interleukin-6 were observed in combination patients. In addition, an independently derived CLL ibrutinib gene expression score2 was increased and sustained in CAR+ and endogenous T cells from combination but not monotherapy patients over time. A higher ibrutinib score trended with a higher rate of undetectable minimal residual disease, longer progression-free survival (PFS), and longer duration of response. Lastly, a T cell exhaustion-related gene signature was significantly reduced in CAR+ but not endogenous T cells with combination treatment, and this reduction was associated with improved PFS.ConclusionsConcurrent ibrutinib treatment in patients with R/R CLL resulted in measurable effects in CAR+ and endogenous T cells, including changes in gene signatures related to proliferation, inflammation, and T cell exhaustion. These changes were associated with enhanced CAR T cell function and efficacy.AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank the patients, caregivers, investigators, and study personnel. This study was funded by Juno Therapeutics, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. All authors contributed to and approved the abstract; writing and editorial assistance were provided by Allison Green, PhD, of The Lockwood Group (Stamford, CT, USA), funded by Bristol Myers Squibb.Trial RegistrationNCT03331198ReferencesWierda WG, Dorritie KA, Munoz J, et al. TRANSCEND CLL 004: phase 1 cohort of lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) combined with ibrutinib (IBR) for patients (pts) with R/R CLL/SLL. Hematol Oncol 2021;39(S2):141–143.Rendeiro AF, Krausgruber T, Fortelny N, et al. Chromatin mapping and single-cell immune profiling define the temporal dynamics of ibrutinib response in CLL. Nat Commun 2020;11:577.Ethics ApprovalThis study used patient cells obtained from a clinical trial that was done in accordance with with the Declaration of Helsinki, International Conference on Harmonization Good Clinical Practice guidelines, institutional review boards at participating institutions approved the study protocol and amendments, and all patients provided written informed consent.
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Lavra, Zênia Maria Maciel, Flávia Patrícia Morais de Medeiros, Rosali Maria Ferreira da Silva, Talita Atanazio Rosa, Victor de Albuquerque Wanderley Sales, Laysa Creusa Paes Barreto Barros Silva, André Luiz Moreira Domingues de Sousa, Leduar Guedes de Lima, Larissa Araújo Rolim, and Pedro José Rolim Neto. "Formulation, Development and Scale-Up of Fixed-Dose Combination Tablets Containing Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine." Current HIV Research 17, no. 5 (December 4, 2019): 360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162x17666190927162155.
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Background: The development of antiretroviral associations in a single dosage form aims to ensure improved efficacy, low costs and better adherence to treatment. Objective: This work performed the pharmacotechnical development, coating, and stability studies of fixed-dose combination tablets of zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine (300 + 200 + 150 mg, respectively). Methods: Qualitative and quantitative planning of diluents (101 and 250 microcrystalline cellulose, spray-dried monohydrate lactose and corn starch) and coating polymers (Opadry white II HP® and Instacoat Aqua Moistshield II®) were analyzed, and direct compression (DC) and wet granulation (WG) methods were tested aiming the development of the pharmaceutical form. Quality control was carried out according to the specifications set by official compendia. The chosen formulation was scaled-up and the industrial batches were submitted to accelerated and long-term stability studies. Results: The batches obtained by WG met the requirements, using 101 microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch and Opadry white II HP® as excipients. The DC trial was not possible due to the need of a greater ratio of excipients to improve formulation properties. Conclusion: Thus, this study brings a new therapeutic alternative for HIV treatment, contributing to the development of another possibility to simplify drug administration.
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Mohammadzadeh, Naser, Bahman Jabbarian Amiri, Leila Eslami Endergoli, and Shirin Karimi. "Coupling Tank Model and Lars-Weather Generator in Assessments of the Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2019-0003.
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Abstract With the aim of assessing the impact of climate change on surface water resources, a conceptual rainfall-runoff model (the tank model) was coupled with LARS-WG as a weather generator model. The downscaled daily rainfall, temperature, and evaporation from LARS-WG under various IPCC climate change scenarios were used to simulate the runoff through the calibrated Tank model. A catchment (4648 ha) located in the southern basin of the Caspian Sea was chosen for this research study. The results showed that this model has a reasonable predictive capability in simulating minimum and maximum temperatures at a level of 99%, rainfall at a level of 93%, and radiation at a level of 97% under various scenarios in agreement with the observed data. Moreover, the results of the rainfall-runoff model indicated an increase in the flow rate of about 108% under the A1B scenario, 101% under the A2 scenario, and 93% under the B1 scenario over the 30-year time period of the discharge prediction.
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Shyta, О. "Protection of planting of potatoes from segetal vegetation." Karantin i zahist roslin, no. 3-4 (March 20, 2019): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2019.3-4.4-6.
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Goal. To investigate measures of limiting the number of weeds in planting potatoes on the yield of culture.
Methods. Field, comparative and analytical.
Results. The data of technical and economic efficiency of application in landings of potatoes of soil and insurance herbicides, as well as their mixtures are given. It was established that the application after formation of the crests of soil herbicide Zenkor Likvid SC in the normal rate of 1.1 l/ ha provided technical efficiency in 30 days at 77.8%, but did not provide full protection of planting of potato from cereal weeds. Spraying to seedlings with herbicide Zenkor Liquid SC normally consumes 1.1 l/ha and the introduction of Panther antimicrobial herbicide during the period of vegetation, the normally consumes 2.0 l / hectares provided technical efficiency in 30 days at 88.9%. Application in the growing season of the herbicide mixture culture Zenkor Liquid SC + Titus 25, WG in the norms of consumption of 0.2 l/ha + 30 g/ha + surfactant Trend 90, 200 ml / hectare provided technical efficiency at the level of 94.4% for the height of plants of culture 5—10 cm, and at for plant height 10—15 cm — 86.1%. Technical efficiency of the herbicide Titus 25, WG Normally, the consumption of 50 g/ha + surfactant Trend 90, 200 ml/ha was 88.9%, 30 days after spraying, and manual gutting — 80.6%. In variants with application of herbicides yield of potatoes at the level of 18.4—22.0 t/ ha was obtained, in the manual with manual propelling — 18.6 t/ ha, with a yield of 11.2 t/ha.
Conclusions. To reduce segetal vegetation in potato positions and obtain high yields of tubers it is expedient to spray with soil herbicide Zenkor Liquid SC after the formation of crests to the seedlings of the culture and weeds, the COP normally consumes 1.1 l/ha (metrubuzin, 600 g/l) and in Period of vegetation with herbicide against cereal weeds. During the growing season of potatoes, at a height of culture of 5—10 cm, when weed plants are in the initial stages of growth, landing is sprayed with a mixture of soil and insurance herbicide Zenkor Liquid SC + Titus 25, WG in reduced rates of spending.
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Delp, Michael D. "Myogenic and vasoconstrictor responsiveness of skeletal muscle arterioles is diminished by hindlimb unloading." Journal of Applied Physiology 86, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 1178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.86.4.1178.
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The purpose of the present study was to determine whether hindlimb unloading of rats alters vasoconstrictor and myogenic responsiveness of skeletal muscle arterioles. After either 2 wk of hindlimb unloading (HU) or cage control (C), second-order arterioles were isolated from the white portion of gastrocnemius (WG; C: n = 9, HU: n = 10) or soleus (Sol; C: n = 9, HU: n = 10) muscles and cannulated with two micropipettes connected to reservoir systems for in vitro study. Intraluminal pressure was set at 60 cmH2O. The arterioles were exposed to step changes in intraluminal pressure ranging from 20 to 140 cmH2O to determine myogenic responsiveness and to KCl (10–100 mM) and norepinephrine (10−9–10−4M) to determine vasoconstrictor responsiveness. Although maximal diameter of WG arterioles was not different between C (185 ± 12 μm) and HU (191 ± 14 μm) rats, WG arterioles from HU rats developed less spontaneous tone (C: 33 ± 5%, HU 20 ±3%), were unable to maintain myogenic tone at pressures from 140 to 100 cmH2O, and were less sensitive to the vasoconstrictor effects of KCl and norepinephrine (as indicated by a higher agonist concentration that produced 50% of maximal vasoconstrictor response). In contrast, maximal diameter of Sol arterioles from HU rats (117 ± 12 μm) was smaller than that in C rats (148 ± 14 μm). However, the development of spontaneous tone (C: 30 ± 4%, HU: 36 ± 5%), myogenic activity, and the responsiveness to vasoconstrictor agonists were not different between Sol arterioles from C and HU rats. These results indicate that hindlimb unloading diminishes the myogenic autoregulatory and contractile responsiveness of arterioles from muscle composed of type IIB fibers and suggest that the compromised ability to elevate vascular resistance after exposure to microgravity may be related to these vascular alterations. In addition, hindlimb unloading appears to induce vascular remodeling of arterioles from muscle composed of type I fibers, as indicated by the decrease in maximal diameter of arterioles from Sol muscle.
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Nannini, Andrea, and Marcin Trepczyński. "“In principio”: The Metaphysical Exegesis of John 1:1 by Albert the Great, Bonaventure and Thomas Aquinas." Biblica et Patristica Thoruniensia 15, no. 2 (August 5, 2022): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/bpth.2022.009.
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„In principio”: metafizyczna egzegeza J 1,1 Alberta Wielkiego, Bonawentury i Tomasza z Akwinu
Artykuł przedstawia interpretacje słów „in principio” (Jan 1,1) zaproponowane przez Alberta Wielkiego, Bonawenturę i Tomasza z Akwinu w ich komentarzach do Ewangelii wg św. Jana. Ujęcia tych autorów różnią się. Albert używa pojęć pierwszej zasady oraz intelektu, który działa powszechnie i wytwarza swoje światło. Bonawentura buduje swoją interpretację na Augustyńskim rozróżnieniu między początkiem bez początku i początkiem z początku. Akwinata tworzy zaś ramę pojęciową opartą na teoriach metafizycznych. Wszystkie te ujęcia ujawniają metafizyczny charakter dokonanej przez tych autorów egzegezy pierwszego zdania Janowej Ewangelii. Owo metafizyczne nastawienie umożliwiło im zastosowanie zaawansowanych pojęć i stanowi jeden z powodów, by ich egzegezę określić jako “analityczną”.
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Davis, Andrew A., Wade Thomas Iams, David Chan, Michael S. Oh, Robert William Lentz, Neil Peterman, Alex Robertson, et al. "Whole-genome cell-free DNA (cfDNA) changes as a dynamic blood-based biomarker for early response assessment of advanced tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 3041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.3041.
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3041 Background: Liquid biopsies have potential clinical utility as dynamic biomarkers for treatment response. We analyzed serial changes in whole-genome (WG) cfDNA to identify patients with disease progression prior to routine imaging. Methods: We prospectively collected clinical data and blood from 69 advanced cancer patients (28 lung, 25 breast, 16 other). Blood was collected at baseline prior to initiation of a new treatment and at one or two additional timepoints (median 21 and 42 days). We isolated plasma cfDNA and prepared sequencing libraries for WG sequencing or WG bisulfite sequencing (median depth 20X). We quantified changes in the fraction of tumor-derived cfDNA over the initial course of treatment to predict progression vs. no progression. Treatment response at first post-treatment imaging was determined by RECIST 1.1 and clinical assessment. Study endpoints were agreement with first post-treatment imaging and progression-free survival (PFS) by cfDNA prediction. Results: Median age of patients was 70 and 59% were female. Patients were treated with the following therapies: chemotherapy (37), immunotherapy (17), endocrine (9), or targeted therapy (6). Patients with predicted progression by cfDNA (14), indicated by an increase in tumor fraction at either post-treatment blood collection, had shorter PFS (median 63 days) compared to patients without an increase (N = 55; median 255 days), with hazard ratio of 10.3 (95% confidence interval 4.6-23.4, log-rank P = 1x10-11). Positive predictive value was 100% for disease progression and negative predictive value was 78%. These findings were consistent in subset analyses of patients with lung (log-rank P = 2x10-5), breast (log-rank P = 3x10-4), and those treated with immunotherapy (log-rank P = 5x10-6). Conclusions: Our results show the ability to detect early disease progression with high fidelity using WG cfDNA prior to first imaging. These findings were consistent across multiple tumor types and treatments, including immunotherapy patients. Once validated, this dynamic, predictive, blood-based biomarker could aid in clinical decision making for early treatment change as a novel and cost-effective approach.
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Hutber, C. A., and A. Bonen. "Glycogenesis in muscle and liver during exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 6 (June 1, 1989): 2811–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.6.2811.
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We hypothesized that glycogenesis increases in muscle during exercise before significant glycogen depletion occurs. Therefore, rats ran for 15 or 90 min at speeds of 8–22 m/min. D-[5–3H]glucose (10 microCi/100 g body wt) was administered 10 min before the end of exercise. Hindlimb muscles [soleus (SOL), plantaris (PL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and red (RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG)] and a portion of liver were analyzed for glycogen concentrations and rates of glycogen synthesis (i.e., D-[3H]glucose incorporated into glycogen). At rest, marked differences were observed among muscles in their rates of glucose incorporation into glycogen: i.e., SOL = 24.3 +/- 3.1, RG = 5.4 +/- 1.9, PL = 2.8 +/- 1.1, EDL = 0.54 +/- 0.10, WG = 0.12 +/- 0.02 (SE) dpm.micrograms glycogen-1.10 min-1 (P less than 0.05 between respective muscles). Compared with the glucose incorporation into glycogen at rest, increments in the PL (272%), RG (189%), WG (400%), EDL (274%), and liver (175%) were observed after 90 min of exercise (P less than 0.05, all data). In contrast, a decrease in glucose incorporation into glycogen (-62%) occurred in the SOL at min 15 (P less than 0.05), but this returned to the rates observed at rest after 90 min of exercise. This measure for rates of net glycogen synthesis (dpm.microgram glycogen-1.10 min-1) was weakly related to the ambient glycogen levels in most muscles; the exception was the SOL (r = -0.79; P less than 0.05). There was up to a 50-fold difference in glycogen synthesis among muscles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Bayer, H. "International Intercomparison of Attenuation in Waveguide R 140 (WG 18, WR 62) at the Frequency 15 GHz." Metrologia 23, no. 3 (January 1, 1987): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/23/3/001.
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Souza, Luiz Waldemar de Oliveira, Anibal de Sant'Anna Moretti, Fernanda Marcussi Tucci, Nedilse Helena de Souza, Paulo Ademar Martins Leal, and Nelson Haruo Anzai. "Phosphorus availability of rock phosphates as compared with feed-grade phosphates for swine." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 38, no. 1 (January 2009): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982009000100012.
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One hundred ninety two swine were used in a trial to assess the relative bioavailability of phosphorus (RBP) in six phosphate sources. Phosphates were three feed grade phosphates (FP), two made in Brasil, and one USA made, and three rock phosphate samples (RP) originated from two mines sites in Brasil, and one mine site in Israel. Levels of calcium, phosphorus and fluorine in RP were 29, 12 and 1.7% (RP source 1), 33, 14 and 1.4% (RP source 2), and 30, 14 and 3.6% (RP source 3), respectively. Pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet (18% CP, 0.95% Lys, 0.75% Ca, 0.37% P) or the basal diet with 0.15% P from a standard purified grade calcium phosphate (SP), or with 0.15% P from experimental FP or RP. Each diet was fed to six pen replicates of four pigs per pen for 35 days (14.4 to 39.9 kg). Weight gain (WG), feed/gain (FG), plasma P (PP), bone ash (BA), and breaking strength of metacarpals and metatarsals (BS-MM) and femurs (BS-F) were improved by phosphorus addition. However, performance and bone parameters were depressed by RP, as compared to FP dietary supplementation. WG, BA, BS-MM and BS-F were regressed to P added, and slope-ratios were calculated to assess RBP in the FP and RP sources. The average bioavailability of P in the FP and RP sources, relative to SP, were 89 and 49% (WG), 112 and 49% (BA), 78 and 28% (BS-MM), and 101 and 52% (BS-F), respectively. Low animal performance and bone strength related to toxicity should be expected if rock phosphates are used to feed pigs.
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Freel, Stephanie A., Shirley L. T. Helm, Lindsay Hanes, Diana Lee-Chavarria, R. Ellen Hogentogler, Amanda Brock, and Meredith Barr Fitz-Gerald. "114 Stay Interviews: Guiding Meaningful Conversations for Retention of High-Quality CRPs." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 7, s1 (April 2023): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2023.197.
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Clinical Research Professional (CRP) shortages and high turnover rates directly impact the conduct of studies. A strategy for improving CRP retention is using Stay Interviews (SI), which are intentional exchanges between CRPs and leadership to enhance transparency and trust. Importantly, SIs are entirely separate from performance evaluations. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Representatives from seven academic medical centers formed a collaborative workgroup (WG) as part of the Association for Clinical and Translational Science (ACTS) Clinical Research Professionals Taskforce (CRPT) Special Interest Group (SIG). The purpose of this workgroup was to develop a Stay Interview (SI) toolkit that will empower leadership to retain high quality staff by engaging employees in open and responsive conversations about motivations to stay in their current roles. Tools previously used by collaborating institutions were evaluated and aligned to establish a sharable guide for SI best practices. Training resources to support leaders in effectively using SI tools were also developed to accompany the toolkit. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Discussions of current tool use among group members highlighted 2 categorical use cases: continuous integration to promote workforce engagement and retention; and targeted use to address acute workforce challenges. The WG identified the need for a standardized conversation guide as well as leadership tools to support effective use of the guide. From the examples collated, the group crafted a 14 question SI guide with additional probing questions that can be tailored to the work environment. Questions fell into 4 key themes: likes/dislikes, motivations, workplace influence on work life, and professional development barriers and opportunities. Anecdotally, SI use in other industries suggests that wide adoption is likely to reduce CRP workforce turnover and improve job satisfaction. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: SIs are designed to build trust and strengthen relationships, fostering positive change by acknowledging issues, understanding motivations, and increasing engagement. Leaders can make immediate actions: clearing obstacles, providing new resources, and increasing recognition. Our next step is implementing a pilot to gather workforce metrics.
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Marsh, D. R., C. B. Campbell, and L. L. Spriet. "Effect of hindlimb unweighting on anaerobic metabolism in rat skeletal muscle." Journal of Applied Physiology 72, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 1304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.4.1304.
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Female Sprague-Dawley rats (250 g) were hindlimb suspended for 14 days, and the effects of hindlimb unweighting (HU) on skeletal muscle anaerobic metabolism were investigated and compared with nonsuspended controls (C). Soleus (SOL), plantaris (PL), and red and white portions of the gastrocnemius (RG, WG) were sampled from resting and stimulated limbs. Muscle atrophy after HU was 46% in SOL, 22% in PL, and 24% in the gastrocnemius compared with nonsuspended C animals. The muscles innervated by the sciatic nerve were stimulated to contract with an occluded circulation for 60 s with trains of supramaximal impulses (100 ms, 80 Hz) at a train rate of 1.0 Hz. Peak tension development by the gastrocnemius-PL-SOL muscle group was similar in HU and C animals (13.0 +/- 1.2, 12.2 +/- 0.8 N/g wet muscle). Occlusion of the circulation before stimulation created a predominantly anaerobic environment, and in situ glycogenolysis and glycolysis were estimated from accumulations of glycolytic intermediates. Total glycogenolysis and glycolysis were higher in the RG muscle of HU animals (74.6 +/- 3.3, 58.1 +/- 1.1) relative to C (57.1 +/- 4.6, 46.1 +/- 2.9 mumol glucosyl units/g dry muscle). Consequently, total anaerobic ATP production was also increased (HU, 251.3 +/- 1.1; C, 204.6 +/- 8.9 mumol ATP/g dry muscle). Total ATP production, glycogenolysis, and glycolysis were unaffected by HU in SOL, PL, and WG muscles. The enhanced glycolytic activity in RG after HU may be attributed to a shift in the metabolic profile from oxidative to glycolytic in the fast oxidative-glycolytic fiber population.
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Adebiyi, O. A., and O. V. Adelowo. "Photoperiodism and pen colouration: effects on the performance characteristics of growing gilts." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 3 (January 2, 2021): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i3.593.
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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of photoperiod and pen colouration on growth performance characteristics of grower gilts. Forty-eight crossbred (Large white x Landrace) grower gilts at 16 weeks of age with mean body weight of 16.82±0.26 kg were randomly allotted to four (4) treatments. Pens were painted with different colours: pantone441 (control), pantone293 (blue), pantone185 (red) and pantone361 (green) and exposed to photoperiods of 12, 15 and 18 hours (h). The experimental design was 4x3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design. Performance parameters measured were Feed Intake (FI), Final Weight (FW) and Weight Gain (WG), while Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was calculated weekly throughout the 8 weeks of the experiment. Respiratory and rectal temperatures were monitored. The ambient temperature-humidity index (THI) was also monitored. The main effect of pen colour showed significant (p<0.05) variations in FW and WG of gilts with values ranging from 33.68±0.78 kg (red) to 31.00±2.13 kg (green) and 2.10±0.10 kg (red) to 1.77±0.25 kg (green) respectively. Significant reduction was observed in the FCR of gilts in red pens (4.02±0.30) compared to their counterparts in blue (5.05±0.79), green (4.54±0.75) and control (4.13±0.22) pens. However, photoperiod had no significant effects on FW and WG across the treatments. Gilts in 12 h photoperiod had the highest significant (p<0.05) FI and FCR of 9.21±1.68 kg and 4.84±0.83 compared to 7.97±0.19 kg and 4.22±0.52 recorded for gilts exposed to 18h photoperiod respectively. Interactions of pen colour x photoperiods: control pen x 12 h (32.18±0.57), blue pen x 12 h (33.00±1.41), red pens x 12 h (34.25±0.50) and green pens x 12 h (29.00±0.82) was significant for FW. The same trend was also observed for WG, FI and FCR. The THI varied from 79.5 to 71.5 throughout the period of the experiment. It can therefore be concluded that increasing the photoperiod (hour of day-length) beyond 12 hours may not lead to additional positive impact on the weight changes of gilts but resulted in better feed conversion ratio.However, gilts housed in red pen had better feed utilisation.
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Alrahbi, Sufyan, Rashid Alaraimi, Abdalla Alzaabi, and Sophie Gosselin. "Intensive blood-pressure lowering in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage." CJEM 20, no. 2 (June 9, 2017): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2017.35.
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Clinical questionIs intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment (systolic BP target 110-139 mm Hg) better than standard antihypertensive treatment (systolic BP target 140-179 mm Hg) in reducing mortality and disability in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)?Article chosenQureshi AI, Palesch YY, Barsan WG, et al. Intensive blood-pressure lowering in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2016;375(11):1033-43.ObjectiveTo determine the therapeutic benefit of intensive BP treatment compared to standard BP treatment in reducing death and disability after 3 months of follow-up among patients with ICH treated within 4.5 hours from onset of symptoms.
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Polli, Gabriela Scatimburgo, Gabriel Rodrigues Hatanaka, Filipe de Oliveira Abi-Rached, Lígia Antunes Pereira Pinelli, Márcio de Sousa Góes, Paulo Francisco Cesar, and José Maurício dos Santos Nunes Reis. "Effect of Grinding and Resintering on the Fatigue Limit and Surface Characterization of a Y-TZP Ceramic." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 4 (August 2016): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201600801.
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Abstract This study evaluated the effect of grinding protocols and resintering on flexural fatigue limit and surface characterization of LavaTM Y-TZP. Bar-shaped specimens (20×4.0×1.2 mm, n=40; 20×4.0×1.5 mm, n=80) were obtained. Half of the thinner specimens (1.2 mm) constituted the as-sintered group (AS), while the thicker ones (1.5 mm) were ground with diamond burs under irrigation (WG) or not (G). The other half of thinner and half of ground specimens were resintered (1000 ºC, 30 min), forming the groups ASR, WGR and GR. Fatigue limit (500,000 cycles, 10 Hz) was evaluated by staircase method in a 4-point flexural fixture. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Surface topography (n=3) and fracture area (n=3) were evaluated by SEM. X-ray diffraction data (n=1) was analyzed by Rietveld refinement. ANOVA revealed significant differences (p<0.001) for the grinding protocol, resintering and their interaction. Grinding increased the fatigue limit of non-resintered groups. There was no significant difference among the resintered groups. Resintering significantly increased the fatigue limit of the AS group only. Both protocols created evident grooves on zirconia surface. The failures initiated at the tensile side of all specimens. The percentages (wt%) of monoclinic phase were AS (8.6), ASR (1.2), G (1.8), GR (0.0), WG (8.2), WGR (0.0) before, and AS (7.4), ASR (6.5), G (3.2), GR (0.2), WG (4.6), WGR (1.1) after cyclic loading. Grinding increased the fatigue limit of non-resintered Y-TZP and formed evident grooves on its surface. Resintering provided significant increase in the fatigue limit of as-sintered specimens. In general, grinding and resintering decreased or zeroed the monoclinic phase.
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Rakowska, Joanna. "Wartość oraz kierunki wykorzystania funduszy z programów operacyjnych 2007-2013 (2015) przez samorządy gmin wiejskich województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego." Olsztyn Economic Journal 13, no. 2 (April 12, 2018): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.2773.
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Głównym celem badania było określenie przestrzennego zróżnicowania wartości funduszy unijnych pozyskanych przez samorządy gmin wiejskich (wg klasyfikacji DEGURBA) z programów operacyjnych 2007-2013, w przeliczeniu na 1 mieszkańca (wskaźnik Sci) oraz w relacji do średniorocznych dochodów ogółem budżetów badanych gmin (wskaźnik Rscr), a także wskazanie kierunków ich wykorzystania na podstawie kategorii bazy danych SIMIK, wg stanu z 31 grudnia 2015 r. Łącznie 101 gmin wiejskich tego regionu zrealizowało 697 projektów i pozyskało 525.4 mln zł dofinansowania unijnego z PO 2007-2013, co stanowiło jedynie 30% funduszy unijnych pozyskanych z tego źródła przez wszystkie gminy województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego. Wartości wskaźników Sci i Rscr uzyskane przez te gminy wiejskie wynosiły odpowiednio od 50 do 5420 oraz od 1% do 164%. Większość badanych gmin cechują jednak najniższe wartości tych wskaźników. Tylko trzy gminy wiejskie uzyskały fundusze unijne o wartości wyższej niż 100% ich średniorocznych dochodów budżetów ogółem. Gminy wiejskie tego regionu pozyskały wsparcie głównie z RPO warmińsko-mazurskiego oraz PO "Kapitał ludzki". PO "Innowacyjna gospodarka" i "Infrastruktura i środowisko" były źródłem znacznie mniejszego wsparcia. Większość zrealizowanych projektów to projekty miękkie lub opracowanie planów i dokumentacji. Projektów twardych było znacznie mniej, pomimo to reprezentują one aż 19 priorytetów bazy SIMIK są i ukierunkowane na zaspokojenie zróżnicowanych potrzeb rozwojowych.
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Popek, Stanisław, and Adam Popek. "Program Czystszej Produkcji (CP) jako strategia zarządzania organizacją i jej zastosowanie w realizacji idei zrównoważonego rozwoju." Współczesne Problemy Zarządzania 8, no. 2(17) (December 31, 2020): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52934/wpz.121.
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Czystsza Produkcja to rodzaj przyjaznej dla środowiska strategii zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem. Skierowana jest ona nie tylko do przedsiębiorców, ale także do jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. Jej zastosowanie ułatwia zarządzanie organizacją ukierunkowaną na zrównoważony rozwój. Organizacje decydujące się na dobrowolne wdrożenie strategii CP nieustannie dążą do zmniejszenia zanieczyszczenia, zmniejszenia zużycia energii i kosztów związanych z opłatami środowiskowymi, poprzez opracowywanie i wdrażanie tzw. Projektów Czystszej Produkcji. Jednym z głównych aspektów „Czystszej Produkcji” jest zmniejszenie obciążenia środowiska i tzw. „dodatkowego efektu ekonomicznego”. Oznacza to, że projekty związane z koncepcją CP przynoszą korzyści zarówno środowisku, jak i organizacji. Strategia Czystszej Produkcji, która stała się podstawą systemu zarządzania środowiskowego, pozwala jednostkom organizacyjnym różnych organizacji podejmować dobrowolne zobowiązania środowiskowe nastawione na dobro środowiska. Istotną cechą Systemu Zarządzania Ekologicznego wg Czystszej Produkcji jest wykorzystanie istniejących baz danych dotyczących wpływu na środowisko oraz wymaganych prawem uwalniania do środowiska. To znacznie ułatwia każdej organizacji podejmowanie dobrowolnych decyzji o wdrożeniu takiego systemu. Celem niniejszej pracy jest charakterystyka strategii Czystszej Produkcji i próba oceny jej roli w procesie realizacji idei zrównoważonego rozwoju, na przykładzie firmy produkcyjnej. Korzyści wynikające ze strategii w postaci wymiernego efektu ekonomicznego, zmniejszonego zużycia energii elektrycznej, ciepła i wody są oczywiste. Ponadto, nastąpił spadek zanieczyszczeń poprzez emisję gazów, pyłów i produktów odpadowych.
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Feu, Daniela, Jose Augusto M. Miguel, Roger K. Celeste, and Branca Heloisa Oliveira. "Effect of orthodontic treatment on oral health–related quality of life." Angle Orthodontist 83, no. 5 (April 17, 2013): 892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/100412-781.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To assess changes in oral health–related quality of life (OHQoL) in children undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and compare it to that of two groups not receiving treatment. Materials and Methods: Two hundred eighty-four subjects aged 12–15 years were followed for 2 years; 87 were undergoing treatment at a university clinic (TG), 101 were waiting for treatment at this clinic (WG), and 96 were attending a public school and had never sought treatment (SG). OHQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). All subjects were examined and interviewed at baseline (T1), 1 year later (T2), and 2 years later (T3). OHIP-14 scores were analyzed using negative binomial regression in generalized estimating equations for correlated data. Results: During the follow-up period, the WG and TG OHIP-14 scores showed a statistically significant increase and decrease, respectively (P < .001). At T1, the TG had an OHIP-14 score that was 1.9 times higher than that of the SG; however at T3, the TG score was 60% lower than the initial score of the SG. Adjusting for age, gender, dental health status (DMFT), socioeconomic position, malocclusion severity, and self-perceived esthetics did not change the effect of orthodontic treatment on OHQoL. Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic treatment in Brazilian children resulted in significantly improved OHQoL after 2 years.
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Lu, Jingyang, Nannan Li, Shuqin Li, Wei Liu, Mingyue Li, Min Zhang, and Haixia Chen. "Biochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Antiproliferative Effects of Different Processed Garlic Products." Molecules 28, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020804.
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Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a type of agricultural product that is widely used as a food spice, herb and traditional medicine. White garlic (WG) can be processed into several kinds of products, such as green garlic (GG), Laba garlic (LAG) and black garlic (BG), which have multiple health effects. In this study, GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), DPPH (1,1′-diphenyl-2-propionyl hydrazide) radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) in vitro assays were used to compare the composition, antioxidant and antiproliferation effects of different processed garlic extracts. The relationship between the constituents and the bioactivities was analyzed using the principal components analysis (PCA) and heatmap analysis. BG showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.63 ± 0.02 mg/mL) in DPPH radical assays and the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.80 ± 0.01 mg/mL) by hydroxyl radical assay. Moreover, GC-MS results showed that 12 organosulfur compounds were detected in the extracts of four garlic products, and allyl methyl trisulfide showed a positive relation with the anticancer activity on SMMC-7721 cells (hepatocellular carcinoma cells). The results suggested that the processing of garlic had a significant influence on the constituents and antioxidant effects and that GG, LAG and BG might be better candidates for the related functional food products compared to WG.
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Navarro, Sandi L., Aliasghar Tarkhan, Ali Shojaie, Timothy W. Randolph, Haiwei Gu, Danijel Djukovic, Katie J. Osterbauer, et al. "Plasma metabolomics profiles suggest beneficial effects of a low–glycemic load dietary pattern on inflammation and energy metabolism." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 110, no. 4 (August 20, 2019): 984–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz169.
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ABSTRACT Background Low–glycemic load dietary patterns, characterized by consumption of whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, are associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases. Methods Using samples from a randomized, controlled, crossover feeding trial, we evaluated the effects on metabolic profiles of a low-glycemic whole-grain dietary pattern (WG) compared with a dietary pattern high in refined grains and added sugars (RG) for 28 d. LC-MS-based targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on fasting plasma samples from 80 healthy participants (n = 40 men, n = 40 women) aged 18–45 y. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate differences in response between diets for individual metabolites. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)–defined pathways and 2 novel data-driven analyses were conducted to consider differences at the pathway level. Results There were 121 metabolites with detectable signal in >98% of all plasma samples. Eighteen metabolites were significantly different between diets at day 28 [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Inositol, hydroxyphenylpyruvate, citrulline, ornithine, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, glutamine, and oxaloacetate were higher after the WG diet than after the RG diet, whereas melatonin, betaine, creatine, acetylcholine, aspartate, hydroxyproline, methylhistidine, tryptophan, cystamine, carnitine, and trimethylamine were lower. Analyses using KEGG-defined pathways revealed statistically significant differences in tryptophan metabolism between diets, with kynurenine and melatonin positively associated with serum C-reactive protein concentrations. Novel data-driven methods at the metabolite and network levels found correlations among metabolites involved in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) degradation, trimethylamine-N-oxide production, and β oxidation of fatty acids (FDR < 0.1) that differed between diets, with more favorable metabolic profiles detected after the WG diet. Higher BCAAs and trimethylamine were positively associated with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. Conclusions These exploratory metabolomics results support beneficial effects of a low–glycemic load dietary pattern characterized by whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, compared with a diet high in refined grains and added sugars on inflammation and energy metabolism pathways. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00622661.
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Weinstein, Eric, Joseph Cuthbertson, Teri Lynn Hebert, Michelangelo Bortolin, Sabina Magalini, Daniele Gui, Mariana Helou, Roberto Faccincani, Luca Ragazzoni, and Marta Caviglia. "The Advancement of the Scientific Study of Prehospital MCI Response from TIIDE to NIGHTINGALE: A Scoping Review." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 38, S1 (May 2023): s134—s135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x23003564.
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Introduction:The European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation funding program awarded the NIGHTINGALE grant to develop a toolkit to support first responders engaged in prehospital (PH) mass casualty incident (MCI) response. To reach the projects’ objectives, the NIGHTINGALE consortium adapted the Translational Science (TS) process. The aim of this study is to perform the first TS (T1) phase PRISMA scoping review to extract data that will be used to guide the creation of the initial evidence-based second TS phase (T2) modified Delphi statements for a subsequent study.Method:The consortium was divided into three work groups (WGs) MCI triage, Prehospital Life Support and Damage Control (PHLSDC) and Prehospital Processes (PHP). Each WG conducted simultaneous literature searches following the PRISMA extension for scoping review with a common research strategy sharing MCI related search terms and then terms specific for each WG. Final included articles went through data extraction based on identified themes and sub-themes from PH MCI response literature to be used to create the future statements.Results:The initial search yielded 925 total references to be considered for a title and abstract review (PH Triage 311, PHLSDC 329, PHP 285), then 483 articles for a full reference review (MCI Triage 111, PHLSDC 216, PHP 156) and 155 articles for the database extraction process (MCI Triage 27, PHLSDC 38, PHP 90).Conclusion:The progression of the study of prehospital MCI response enabled NIGHTINGALE partners to methodically obtain information that will contribute to each WG’s creation of initial T2 modified Delphi statements.
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Yokoi, Norihiko, Yuki Furusawa, Hiroaki Kato, Natsuki Kusada, Chie Sotozono, Petar Eftimov, and Georgi As Georgiev. "Characteristics of Pre-Lens Tear Film Behavior in Eyes Wearing Delefilcon A Silicone Hydrogel Water Gradient Contact Lenses." Diagnostics 13, no. 24 (December 12, 2023): 3642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13243642.
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The pre-lens tear film (PLTF) over (i) delefilcon A silicone hydrogel water gradient (WG; 33–80% from core to surface) contact lenses (CLs) (SHWG-CLs) and (ii) subjects’ own non-WG soft CLs (SCLs) (SO-SCLs) was studied in 30 eyes of 30 subjects to assess the hypothesized PLTF stabilization over SHWG-CLs. In both eyes, delefilcon A SHWG-CLs (DAILIES TOTAL1®; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA) or SO-SCLs were worn. After 15 min of wearing each lens, the tear meniscus radius (TMR, mm), lipid-layer interference grade (IG) and spread grade (SG), and non-invasive breakup time (NIBUT, seconds) were evaluated and compared between the SHWG-CLs and the SO-SCLs. The comparison between the SHWG-CL and SO-SCL groups (SHWG-CL and SO-SCL, mean ± SD) revealed that TMRs temporarily decreased and reached a plateau value after 15 min (0.21 ± 0.06; 0.21 ± 0.06) compared to the value prior to CL insertion (0.24 ± 0.08; 0.25 ± 0.08), with no significant difference between the two groups. The NIBUT, IG, and SG values after 15 min of wearing the CLs were (9.7 ± 3.7; 4.7 ± 4.2), (1.0 ± 0.2; 1.8 ± 1.0), and (1.1 ± 0.4; 1.9 ± 1.5), respectively, and all values were significantly better in the SHWG-CL group (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0039, and p < 0.0001, respectively). We found that compared to the SO-SCLs, the maintenance of the PLTF on the SHWG-CLs was supported by the thicker and more stable PLTF.
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Chin, E. R., M. I. Lindinger, and G. J. Heigenhauser. "Lactate metabolism in inactive skeletal muscle during lactacidosis." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 261, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): R98—R105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1991.261.1.r98.
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Contributions of carbohydrate and fat metabolism to the removal of a lactate (Lac-) load were quantified in inactive soleus (SL), plantaris (PL), and white gastrocnemius (WG) rat hindlimb muscle. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused for 60 min with normal perfusate (NP, n = 8) or a high-lactate perfusate (LP, n = 8), simulating ionic conditions found in arterial blood and plasma after intense exercise: Lac- = 11.0 mM, K+ = 7.88 mM, and pH = 7.15. Metabolite fluxes across the hindlimb were calculated from blood flow and arteriovenous differences. In NP, Lac- was continuously released (2.9 +/- 0.2 mumol.min-1 x 100 g-1). However, in LP, a rapid and significant uptake of Lac- increased muscle Lac- fivefold to 39.6 +/- 1.1, 33.1 +/- 2.2, and 28.8 +/- 1.7 mumol/g dry wt in SL, PL, and WG, respectively. Glucose and O2 uptakes were similar during LP and NP perfusion. Glycerol release increased eightfold to 3.3 +/- 0.7 mumol.min-1 x 100 g-1 in response to LP. Muscle ATP, creatine phosphate, glycogen, glycolytic intermediate, and triacylglycerol concentrations did not change. However, muscle lactate-to-pyruvate ratios were elevated in all muscles of the LP group postperfusion, indicating changes in the mass action ratio at the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction. In LP, of 80 mumol of Lac- taken up, 11% was accounted for by increased muscle Lac-, 12-24% was oxidized, and 5% may have been involved in glycerol release. The remaining Lac- may have been involved in metabolic cycling along the glyconeogenic-glycolytic pathway and/or in triacylglycerol-free fatty acid substrate cycling.
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Ciabiada, Beata, Paulina Paciej, Marek Bryła, and Irena Maniecka-Bryła. "Ocena zmian w nadumieralności mężczyzn w wieku 65 lat i więcej w okresie 1999–2013 w województwie łódzkim." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica 5, no. 331 (January 19, 2018): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.331.03.
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Celem pracy jest analiza trendów umieralności mężczyzn i kobiet w wieku 65 lat i więcej w woj. łódzkim w latach 1999–2013, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zjawiska nadumieralności mężczyzn. Materiał badawczy stanowiła kompletna baza zgonów (471 397) odnotowanych w woj. łódzkim w latach 1999–2013. Obliczono rzeczywiste współczynniki zgonów wg płci. Standaryzację przeprowadzono metodą bezpośrednią. Jako standard przyjęto populację europejską. Ponadto obliczono współczynniki umieralności szczegółowej wg przyczyn zgonów w oparciu o ICD–10 i wskaźniki nadumieralności. Analizę trendów czasowych przeprowadzono za pomocą modeli joinpoint. Oszacowane zostały średnioroczne procentowe tempa zmian. Obliczenia własne pozwoliły na określenie najważniejszych przyczyn zgonów wśród osób w wieku 65 lat i więcej w 2013 roku. W grupie mężczyzn były to (wskaźnik na 10 000): choroby układu krążenia (301,2), nowotwory złośliwe (160,2), choroby układu oddechowego (56,0), choroby układu trawiennego (24,4) i zewnętrzne przyczyny (19,4). Analogiczny rozkład przyczyn zaobserwowano wśród kobiet, gdzie współczynnik natężenia osiągał kolejno wartości: 270,1; 82,9; 32,0; 19,6; 11,2. W porównaniu z rokiem 1999 największy spadek natężenia zgonów, zarówno w grupie mężczyzn, jak i kobiet, odnotowano w odniesieniu do chorób układu krążenia. Wskaźnik nadumieralności mężczyzn powyżej 65. r.ż. w całym badanym okresie najwyższe wartości (2,2–2,6) osiągał w grupie wieku 65–69 lat, najniższe natomiast (1,1–1,3) w przedziale 85 lat i więcej. Największe tempo zmian (2,5% rocznie), odnotowano w latach 1999–2007 w grupie wieku 70–74 lata. Mimo obserwowanego spadku natężenia zgonów, nadumieralność mężczyzn w wieku 65 lat i więcej nie zmieniła się znacząco na przestrzeni lat 1999–2013 i była warunkowana w największym stopniu nowotworami złośliwymi, chorobami układu oddechowego i zewnętrznymi przyczynami.
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Lewis, Matthew T., Jonathan D. Kasper, Jason N. Bazil, Jefferson C. Frisbee, and Robert W. Wiseman. "Skeletal muscle energetics are compromised only during high-intensity contractions in the Goto-Kakizaki rat model of type 2 diabetes." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 317, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): R356—R368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00127.2019.
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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) presents with hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, affecting over 30 million people in the United States alone. Previous work has hypothesized that mitochondria are dysfunctional in T2D and results in both reduced ATP production and glucose disposal. However, a direct link between mitochondrial function and T2D has not been determined. In the current study, the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat model of T2D was used to quantify mitochondrial function in vitro and in vivo over a broad range of contraction-induced metabolic workloads. During high-frequency sciatic nerve stimulation, hindlimb muscle contractions at 2- and 4-Hz intensities, the GK rat failed to maintain similar bioenergetic steady states to Wistar control (WC) rats measured by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy, despite similar force production. Differences were not due to changes in mitochondrial content in red (RG) or white gastrocnemius (WG) muscles (cytochrome c oxidase, RG: 22.2 ± 1.6 vs. 23.3 ± 1.7 U/g wet wt; WG: 10.8 ± 1.1 vs. 12.1 ± 0.9 U/g wet wt; GK vs. WC, respectively). Mitochondria isolated from muscles of GK and WC rats also showed no difference in mitochondrial ATP production capacity in vitro, measured by high-resolution respirometry. At lower intensities (0.25–1 Hz) there were no detectable differences between GK and WC rats in sustained energy balance. There were similar phosphocreatine concentrations during steady-state contraction and postcontractile recovery (τ = 72 ± 6 s GK versus 71 ± 2 s WC). Taken together, these results suggest that deficiencies in skeletal muscle energetics seen at higher intensities are not due to mitochondrial dysfunction in the GK rat.
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Wierda, William G., Susan O'Brien, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Charles Asa Koller, Jan A. Burger, Stefan Faderl, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Tapan Kadia, Susan Lerner, and Michael J. Keating. "Pretreatment Patient Characteristics Associated with Achieving Bone Marrow Minimal Residual Disease-Free Status with Frontline Fludarabine, Cyclosphosphamide, Rituximab (FCR) Chemoimmunotherapy for CLL,." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 3902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3902.3902.
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Abstract Abstract 3902 Chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) is highly effective treatment and standard of care for patients (pts) with CLL. Response to treatment by NCI-WG/IWCLL criteria correlates with outcome; pts who achieve complete remission (CR) have superior progression-free and overall survival compared to pts who achieve partial remission (PR); and pts who fail therapy have the poorest outcome. Emerging data indicate improved outcomes for pts who achieve minimal residual disease (MRD)-free status in blood or bone marrow (BM) by end of treatment. We are conducting a clinical trial to prospectively evaluate pretreatment pt characteristics and prognostic factors and correlations with NCI-WG response, MRD-free status, and time to event outcomes with standard frontline fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) CIT. A total of 197 pts have been registered, 160 have completed treatment and are evaluable for response by NCI-WG criteria, and 127 have BM MRD status evaluated by standard 4-color flow cytometry at Course 3 and/or end of treatment. We report on pretreatment characteristics associated with MRD-free status at end of treatment. For the 160 pts evaluable for response by NCI-WG criteria, 63% were male; the median (range) age, β2M, and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) were 58 yrs (38–84), 3.6 mg/l (1.3–14.1), and 78.7 K/μl (.8–394), respectively. The percent pts with Rai high-risk disease, unmutated IGHV status, ZAP70+ by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and CD38+ (30% cutoff) was 35%, 60%, 63%, and 37%, respectively. According to the hierarchical categorization, FISH demonstrated 17p del in 9%, 11q del in 18%, +12 in 17%, 13q del in 36%, and no abnormality in 20% of pts. The median number of FCR courses given was 6; 57% received all intended 6, 21% received 4–5, and 23% received ≤3. Of the 160 pts, 63% achieved CR, 12% nodular PR (nPR), 23% PR and 3% did not respond. Of 127 pts with BM evaluated by 4-color flow cytometry at end of treatment, 56% were MRD-free. Of 71 MRD-free pts, 27 were negative at end of course 3, 33 converted to negative after course 3, and 11 were negative at end of treatment but did not have a course 3 evaluation. Univariable Chi-square analyses demonstrated pretreatment β2M, IGHV mutation status, 17p del, and +12 correlated with MRD-free status at end of treatment (Table). The following did not correlate: age, Rai stage, WBC, ALC, HGB, PLT, ZAP70, CD38, or number of FCR courses received. Multivariable logistic regression model identified β2M≥4 mg/l (odds ratio=.78; p=.007) and unmutated IGHV (odds ratio=.77; p=.006) as independently associated with lower likelihood to achieve MRD-free status. In conclusion, mutated IGHV and β2M <4 mg/l are independently associated with increased likelihood of achieving MRD-free status with frontline FCR CIT; further follow up is needed to correlate MRD-free status with improved survival outcomes for patients treated on this trial.TableNCI-WG Responsen% MRD-NegativeCR8071nPR150PR3047*NR20Pretreatment Characteristicn% MRD-Negativep-valueAge (yrs) <65100600.07≥652741Rai Stage Low & Int-risk82610.12High-risk4347b2M (mg/l) <473640.02≥44942ALC (K/ml) <5040560.86≥508755IGHV Mutated47700.006Unmutated6244ZAP70 IHC Negative41610.28Positive7351CD38+ ≤7%4863Ref**8–29%27480.23≥30%42550.46FISH 13q del4556RefNone22680.32+1220800.0611q del20400.2417p del10200.04*All MRD-free are PR due to cytopenia, with no evidence of CLL**Used as reference or comparison group Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Paul, Mritunjoy, Parimal Sardar, Narottam Prasad Sahu, Prasanta Jana, Ashutosh Dharmendra Deo, Vungurala Harikrishna, Tincy Varghese, Nazeema Shamna, Pankaj Kumar, and Gopal Krishna. "Effect of Dietary Lipid Level on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Physiometabolic Responses of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) Juveniles Reared in Inland Ground Saline Water." Aquaculture Nutrition 2022 (November 11, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5345479.
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A 60-day feeding trial was carried out to determine the effect of dietary lipid levels on growth and physiometabolic responses to optimize the dietary lipid requirement for maximizing the growth of Genetically Improved FarmedTilapia (GIFT) juveniles reared in inland ground saline water (IGSW) of medium salinity (15 ppt). Formulation and preparation of seven heterocaloric (389.56-449.02 Kcal digestible energy/100 g), heterolipidic (40-160 g/kg), and isonitrogenous (410 g/kg crude protein) purified diets were done for conducting the feeding trial. Random distribution of 315 acclimatized fish (mean weight 1.90 ± 0.01 g) was made in seven experimental groups such as CL4 (40 g/kg lipid), CL6 (60 g/kg lipid), CL8 (80 g/kg lipid), CL10 (100 g/kg lipid), CL12 (120 g/kg lipid), CP14 (140 g/kg lipid), and CL16 (160 g/kg lipid) with 15 fish per triplicate tank (fish density, 0.21 kg/m3). Respective diets were used for feeding the fish at satiation level three times daily. Results indicated that weight gain percentage (WG%), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio, and protease activity significantly increased up to 100 g lipid/kg fed group, and then the values significantly decreased. Muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) content and lipase activity were highest in 120 g/kg lipid-fed group. RNA/DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and serum high-density lipoproteins levels of 100 g/kg lipid-fed group were significantly higher than 140, and 160 g/kg lipid-fed groups. The lowest feed conversion ratio was found in the 100 g/kg lipid-fed group. The amylase activity was significantly higher in 40 and 60 g lipid/kg fed groups. The whole-body lipid level was increased with increasing the dietary lipid levels, whereas, there was no significant difference in whole-body moisture, crude protein, and crude ash contents of all groups. Highest serum glucose, total protein and albumin, and albumin to globulin ratio and lowest low-density lipoproteins level were found in 140 and 160 g/kg lipid-fed groups. Serum osmolality and osmoregulatory capacity did not vary significantly, whereas carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase showed an increased and decreased trend, respectively, with the increasing dietary lipid levels. According to second-order polynomial regression analysis based on WG% and SGR, the optimum dietary lipid for GIFT juveniles in IGSW of 15 ppt salinity was found to be 99.1 and 100.1 g/kg, respectively.
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Lacko-Bartošová, Magdaléna, Lucia Lacko-Bartošová, Amandeep Kaur, and Jan Moudrý. "Comparative Assessment of Agro-Morphological and Quality Traits of Ancient Wheat Cultivars Grown under Organic Farming." Agriculture 12, no. 9 (September 15, 2022): 1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12091476.
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The re-introduction of ancient wheat species into agricultural systems requires a multidisciplinary research approach. Morphological and yield-forming traits are often used as the basis for evaluating and improving crop productivity, but an understanding of the association of these traits with grain quality properties is also essential. The present study was established to understand the performance of old and new cultivars and breeding lines of hulled wheat species by analyzing the selected agro-morphological and quality traits to determine the variability and correlations among them. The results indicated that the stem length of the emmer and the spelt was comparable (100–101 cm), but the impact of the growing year on the variance of this trait was the highest (93%), with different responses of cultivars. The maximum value of grain weight per spike (1.70 g), the highest thousand grain weight (56.3 g) and the highest share of large-sized grains (57.7%) were found in the emmer, indicating the potential for increased grain yield. The lowest protein quantity was reported for the emmer (11.2%), for which wet gluten (WG) quantity was also found to be the lowest (6.0%). Protein quantity correlated with stem length for the spelt, while for the emmer, with spike length. In spite of the higher gluten index of the emmer (60.4%) compared to the spelt (33.5%), the very low Zeleny index of the emmer (10.2 mL) together with low WG may have a negative impact on the baking quality of the emmer. Even in non-fertilized soil, the emmer is at risk of lodging despite its height and favorable agro-morphological traits.
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Jacob, Rodrigo de Freitas, Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino, Arele Arlindo Calderano, Romário Duarte Bernardes, Horácio Santiago Rostagno, Maurílio de Lucas Xavier Júnior, Renan Hernandes Lino, Warley Júnior Alves, Samuel Oliveira Borges, and Thiago Ferreira Diana. "Broiler feed formulated with phosphorus, calcium, and energy deficiencies supplemented with exogenous enzymes." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 5 (July 2, 2021): 3029–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n5p3029.
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Three experiments were carried out to verify the effects of the enzyme phytase, alone or combined with an enzyme complex, in diets deficient in available phosphorus (AP), calcium (Ca), and metabolizable energy (ME) on broiler performance, ME, and dietary amino acid digestibility. A total of 1,538 male Cobb 500 broilers were allocated to the three experiments, each of which consisted of five treatments: positive control (PC; basal ration); negative control 1 (NC1; PC minus 0.15% of AP, 0.16% of Ca, and 68 kcal kg-1 ME); negative control 2 (NC2; PC minus 0.15% of AP, 0.16% of Ca, and 101 kcal kg-1 of ME); NC1 plus phytase; and NC2 plus phytase plus enzymatic complex. Body weight gain (WG) and feed intake were measured from 1-21 days and from 1-42 days, and the corrected feed conversion rate (FCR) for mortality was calculated. In the second and third experiments, the apparent ME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) and standardized digestibility of amino acids, respectively, were determined, for the diets supplemented with phytase and the enzymatic complex. In the first experiment, enzyme supplementation increased (p < 0.05) WG at 21 days and 42 days relative to the negative controls. Phytase inclusion improved (p < 0.05) FCR at the initial phase compared to the NC1 diet. In the second experiment, enzyme supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) AMEn. In the third experiment, both enzyme treatments improved (p < 0.05) the digestibility of amino acids in the supplemented diets compared to the deficient diets. Supplementation with phytase and carbohydrases preserves the performance of broilers fed diets deficient in AP, Ca, and ME and improves amino acid digestibility.