Dissertations / Theses: 'Wetlands'

1

Lin, Wai-tung. "Created wetlands in Shing Mun River, Sha Tin." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25950861.

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2

Clouston, Elizabeth M. "Linking the ecological and economic values of wetlands a case study of the wetlands of Moreton Bay /." Connect to this title online, 2002. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030828.140330/.

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3

Johnson, Patricia Ann. "The status of freshwater compensatory wetland migration in Washington State." Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2004. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Johnson_PAMESThesis2004.pdf.

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4

Begum, Fatema. "Mangrove wetlands in Bangladesh /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envb418.pdf.

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5

Bernal, Blanca. "CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN NATURAL AND CREATED WETLANDS." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337616491.

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6

Whelchel, Adam W. "Hydrogeomorphic wetland assessment model for slope wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic Piedmont." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 461 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1068254131&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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7

Chan, Chung-san. "The future of the Deep Bay Wetlands, Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18735927.

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8

Tippett, Mark Donovan. "Impacts of timber harvesting on soil physical properties in wetlands." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020154/.

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9

Krzys, Bethaney L. "Remote identification of wetlands in Mahoning and Trumbull County, Ohio." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1227650462.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Dec. 22, 2009). Advisor: Mandy Munro-Stasiuk. Keywords: remote sensing, wetland, wetland identification, GIS. Includes bibliographical references (p. 158-161).

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10

Southall, Emily Jane. "The ecology of poor fen & willow carr on Goss Moor NNR, Cornwall." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2017.

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Goss Moor NNR is a unique, rare and nationally-important wetland habitat in Mid- Cornwall. The majority of the habitats were created as a result of a long history of tin-stream mining, which ceased in the early 1900s. Phytosociological surveys of poor-fen and willow carr communities provide the first formal descriptions of the vegetation at this site. The poor-fen survey revealed twelve poor-fen vegetation types, which were distributed along a primary environmental gradient of organic matter depth, surface water height and bare substrate. Separation of the poor-fen communities by a moisture gradient was considered as spatial evidence for hydroseral succession, which begins with the colonisation of open-water pools created by tin excavations. The Salix cinerea ssp. oleifolia willow carr was divided by eight understorey communities, according to age, defined by reference to five sets of aerial photographs of Goss Moor taken over the last six decades. The average number of poor-fen species per unit area in the understorey generally decreased with age. This relationship was related to the increase in canopy cover and, therefore, shade. Willow was found to invade areas with the greatest amounts of accumulated organic material and a low water table. In the oldest and driest willow, oak saplings were found, indicating the beginning of secondary woodland. An architectural analysis of willow showed that useful age descriptors were the height of the first fork, the number of live secondary shoots, tree height and dbh, all of which generally increased with age. Spatial successional patterns were characterised using the lattice-wombling technique in three large rectangles or 'tranomes'. Plant communities were associated with either abrupt or diffuse boundary types. Abrupt boundaries or ecotones were found between heath communities and densely vegetated tall-herb fen and species-poor willow carr wetland vegetation. Diffuse or ecocline transitions occurred between communities with subtle differences in their composition. Spatial relationships between swamp and poor-fen communities were taken as evidence for space-for- time successions, these patterns varied according to location and microtopography. Investigations into the water regime showed water depth was governed by substrate heterogeneity. Homogeneous microtopography was associated with deep inundations and greatest amplitude in water depth, and most closely resembled rainfall fluctuations. The most complex microtopography resulted from the most intense tin-streaming activity. Therefore the anthropogenic history of Goss Moor plays an important role in governing the contemporary water regime and vegetation distribution. Of the wetland communities, rush pasture was the driest and poor-fen the wettest. The communities of open habitats were wetter than the willow communities. The youngest willow community was drier in the summer than the other five vegetation types studied, which was indicative of the conditions necessary for willow scrub colonisation to take place. The N:P ratio revealed that nitrogen was the limiting nutrient in all of the wetland vegetation types suggesting an early stage of successional development. High water levels were thought to be responsible for the prevalence of N-limitation on Goss Moor, creating deoxygenated substrates and leading to the demise of nitrifying bacteria and thus a reduction in the rate of soil N mineralisation. Plant strategies were used to classify the species from a number of wetland communities ranging from open-water pools to willow carr, in order to apply them to Grime's triangular model. The ten communities were ordered into a logical successional sequence. However, the model needs to be modified to account for succession in the aquatic environment. Based on the findings of this thesis, a number of suggestions were made for the effective management of the wetland habitats on Goss Moor. These include: evaluation of willow scrub before removal so those areas of vegetation subsequently opened-up can be monitored; and the creation of new ponds to encourage the growth of certain poor-fen communities, which are species-rich, but only account for a small area of the whole resource.

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11

Ryan, Christopher R. "Geotechnical investigation of Montrose wetland site." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3723.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 191 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-119).

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12

Balcombe, Collins K. "An evaluation of vegetation and wildlife communities in mitigation and natural wetlands of West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2857.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xx, 417 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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13

Holt, Courtney R. Folkerts Debbie R. "A floristic study of Weaver Creek Wetland, Santa Rosa County, Florida." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Biological_Sciences/Thesis/Holt_Courtney_38.pdf.

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14

Grundling, Althea Theresa. "Evaluation of remote sensing sensors for monitoring of rehabilitated wetlands." Diss., Prtoria: [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05132005-145705/.

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15

Bevington, Azure E. "Environmental Factors and Typha spp Dominance in Created Wetlands." W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/Bevington07.pdf.

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16

Mandlazi, Nompumelelo Pretty. "Hydrological Characterisation of Wetlands: Understanding wetlands-catchment linkages." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5877.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc (Earth Science)
This study explores the hydrological processes of selected wetlands in four different catchments in South Africa (the Nuwejaars River in the Western Cape which has the Elandsdrift-Wiesdrift wetland; the Mohlapetsi river in the lower Olifants river in Limpopo where the GaMampa wetland is located; the Usuthu River in Mpumalanga which has the Bonnie Brook wetlands; and the UMgeni River in KwaZulu Natal with the Lions river wetlands). The representation of wetlands processes in the Pitman and Agricultural Catchments Research Unit (ACRU) - commonly used hydrological models in Southern Africa - is also evaluated. In the Nuwejaars river catchment, hydrological processes were monitored for over a year, while literature and available conceptual frameworks were used in the other catchments. The Pitman and ACRU models were used to represent the main process and to determine how wetlands influence catchment-scale processes. Current understanding of the hydrology of Elandsdrift-Wiesdrift floodplain suggests that the floodplain is dominated by precipitation, overland flow from the catchment area of the floodplain, evapotranspiration, and surface flow from the left sides of the floodplain to the Nuwejaars River. In the Mohlapetsi River catchment the GaMampa wetland is dominated by local rainfall falling directly onto the wetland, surface runoff from the valley sides, and spring flow at the bottom of the surrounding hills occasioned by recharge on the hills, evapotranspiration and lateral flow between the wetland to the river. The Bonnie Brook and Lion's river catchment are valley bottom floodplains dominated by evapotranspiration, precipitation, overland flow, overbank flooding, groundwater discharge and groundwater recharge. Hydrological modelling of wetlands in the four basins yielded reasonable success (Nash Sutcliffe (NSE) ranged from 0.510 to 0.75 with less than 15% percentage of different between observed and selected mean values (PBIAS). Most characteristics of the observed flows for the four catchments were satisfactorily simulated. The overall results from both models indicate that the models can reasonably represent hydrological processes of wetlands, though there is need to improve the routines in both models. Therefore, further studies that will focus on parameter estimation and improving the current wetland modules of both models are recommended.

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17

Clouston, Elizabeth, and n/a. "Linking the Ecological and Economic Values of Wetlands: A Case Study of the Wetlands of Moreton Bay." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030828.140330.

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This thesis examines the relationship between the underlying ecological values of wetlands and the economic values they produce. The importance of the roles that wetlands play is now well recognised yet losses continue at a global level. It is argued that one cause of wetland loss is a lack of awareness of the values of these systems due to inadequate information of the nexus between ecological functions and economic values. For example, the off-site, indirect benefits provided by wetlands have largely been ignored. This has led to an undervaluation of these ecosystems. The integration of ecological and economic values requires incorporating differing types of information and systems of value derived from differing disciplines with differing paradigms. To understand the differing disciplinary perspectives the thesis explores the ecological functions of wetlands and the economic goods and services that they provide. The functions and benefits of wetlands are linked at the ecological-economic interface. A consensus on the definition of ecological value could not be discerned within the discipline of ecology. Thus, a definition and index of ecological value is developed to demonstrate the attributes of coastal and wetland systems that provide for instrumental human benefits. These attributes include productivity, the ability to provide habitats for dependent species and the diversity of species and organisation they support. However, ecological information is not presently available to operationalise the index. The ability of economic techniques to capture this ecological value is then investigated. Three approaches for assessing non-market values (direct linkage models, revealed preference and stated preference models) are reviewed with respect to their ability to capture ecological value. An alternative biophysical approach, namely energy analysis, is also considered. The review suggests that it may be possible to measure ecological value using the contingent valuation method. The role of information in preference formation and willingness to pay bids is then investigated along with a number of other issues that need to be resolved before using the contingent valuation method. The wetlands of the case study area, Moreton Bay, Australia exhibit both ecological and economic values. The wetlands contribute approximately one-third of primary productivity in the Bay, provide habitat for a wide range of dependent species (including internationally recognised migratory wader birds) and have a diverse fauna with a relatively large number of endemic species. Economic values of the wetlands include both direct and indirect use values (for example, fishing, recreation, water quality improvements and storm buffering) and non-use values. Non-use values include the value in preserving the environment for future generations (bequest value) and the existence of vulnerable animals such as turtles and dugongs, which one may never expect to see. If consumers are willing to pay to preserve these animals, this is also a valid economic value. The economic technique of contingent valuation is tested to determine if it is possible to capture ecological value by providing respondents, selected by random sample, to a survey with the relevant information. A case study is undertaken in Moreton Bay to determine respondents' willingness to pay to improve water quality and hence protect the wetlands. To test the effects of differing types information, four different versions of the survey were sent to four groups of 500 respondents. Case A provided no extra information so it could be used as a control. Case B included information about the ecological values of the wetlands of Moreton Bay. Case C provided information about the economic use values of the wetlands in the Bay including direct and indirect use. Case D provided information about the non-use values of endangered species resident in the Bay that are dependent on the wetlands. The results indicate that the provision of different types of information influences willingness to pay. However, willingness to pay when provided with ecological information is not significantly different from willingness to pay when provided with other information. As it was not possible from the research undertaken to state that the contingent valuation method can capture ecological value, an alternative approach is proposed to link ecological and economic values. It is argued that ecologists and economists need to develop common aims and scales of assessment. Further, communication between the two disciplines can be enhanced through the use of agreed indicator terms. Through an iterative approach it should then be possible to understand the linkages between changes in indicators of ecosystem values and indicators of economic value.

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18

Clouston, Elizabeth. "Linking the Ecological and Economic Values of Wetlands: A Case Study of the Wetlands of Moreton Bay." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366973.

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Three approaches for assessing non-market values (direct linkage models, revealed preference and stated preference models) are reviewed with respect to their ability to capture ecological value. An alternative biophysical approach, namely energy analysis, is also considered. The review suggests that it may be possible to measure ecological value using the contingent valuation method. The role of information in preference formation and willingness to pay bids is then investigated along with a number of other issues that need to be resolved before using the contingent valuation method. The wetlands of the case study area, Moreton Bay, Australia exhibit both ecological and economic values. The wetlands contribute approximately one-third of primary productivity in the Bay, provide habitat for a wide range of dependent species (including internationally recognised migratory wader birds) and have a diverse fauna with a relatively large number of endemic species. Economic values of the wetlands include both direct and indirect use values (for example, fishing, recreation, water quality improvements and storm buffering) and non-use values. Non-use values include the value in preserving the environment for future generations (bequest value) and the existence of vulnerable animals such as turtles and dugongs, which one may never expect to see. If consumers are willing to pay to preserve these animals, this is also a valid economic value. The economic technique of contingent valuation is tested to determine if it is possible to capture ecological value by providing respondents, selected by random sample, to a survey with the relevant information. A case study is undertaken in Moreton Bay to determine respondents' willingness to pay to improve water quality and hence protect the wetlands. To test the effects of differing types information, four different versions of the survey were sent to four groups of 500 respondents. Case A provided no extra information so it could be used as a control. Case B included information about the ecological values of the wetlands of Moreton Bay. Case C provided information about the economic use values of the wetlands in the Bay including direct and indirect use. Case D provided information about the non-use values of endangered species resident in the Bay that are dependent on the wetlands. The results indicate that the provision of different types of information influences willingness to pay. However, willingness to pay when provided with ecological information is not significantly different from willingness to pay when provided with other information. As it was not possible from the research undertaken to state that the contingent valuation method can capture ecological value, an alternative approach is proposed to link ecological and economic values. It is argued that ecologists and economists need to develop common aims and scales of assessment. Further, communication between the two disciplines can be enhanced through the use of agreed indicator terms. Through an iterative approach it should then be possible to understand the linkages between changes in indicators of ecosystem values and indicators of economic value.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
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19

練偉東 and Wai-tung Lin. "Created wetlands in Shing Mun River, Sha Tin." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980752.

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20

Newton, Rachel E. "A floristic inventory of selected Bureau of Land Management wetlands in Wyoming." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1663116391&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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21

Conran, Leigh Garde. "Establishment vegetation patterns in an artificial urban wetland as a basis for management." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envc754.pdf.

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22

Alsfeld, Amy J. "The effects of amendments and landscape position on the biotic community of constructed depressional wetlands." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 118 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1251902791&Fmt=7&clientId=79356&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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23

Hunter, Sally Ann. "Habitat classification with reference to flooding and salinity, to assist with the vegetation of a saline artificial wetland /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envh947.pdf.

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24

Steinman, Alexis. "Assessment of Wetland Water Quality and Plant Species Composition across the Rural, Peri-Urban, and Urban Gradient." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28381.

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The Prairie Pothole Region, specifically eastern North Dakota, has experienced intense disturbance from agricultural demands and urban sprawl. This study assessed wetlands across the rural, peri-urban, and urban gradient to determine the impacts of urbanization on water quality and vegetation composition. Thirty wetlands were randomly selected and compared based on land use type and the impervious to pervious surface ratio within one mile of each wetland. Water quality samples were taken in 2015 and 2016, and a vegetation assessment was completed at all wetlands. Results indicate disturbance from urbanization impacts wetland water quality and vegetation composition. Rural wetland water quality and vegetation significantly differ from both peri-urban and urban wetlands, whereas peri-urban and urban wetland water quality and vegetation do not differ. Information from this study is useful to wetland professionals across the globe as urban development and sprawl continue to impact wetlands.

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25

Shidisky, Joseph G. "Diversity among plant species in an emergent wetland an initial survey of the Landingville Marsh /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1997. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M. Ed.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1997.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 3071. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1-2]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-79).

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26

Gabor, T. Shane (Thomas Shane). "Nutrient addition experiments in the interlake region of Manitoba : effect of single pulse addition in spring." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59941.

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This study examined the responses of algae and invertebrates to a single application of nutrients in a series of experimental wetland enclosures in the Interlake Region of Manitoba during 1989 and 1990. Water, sediment and vegetation chemistry were also monitored. The 3 fertilization treatments were: dissolved inorganic high (6200 $ mu$g/l N, 420 $ mu$g/l P), dissolved inorganic low (3200 $ mu$g/l N, 210 $ mu$g/l P) and organic high (alfalfa: 6200 $ mu$g/l N, 420 $ mu$g/l P).
Dissolved nutrients in the high and low treatments were quickly depleted from the system but dissolved N increased in the alfalfa treatment as decomposition progressed. No changes in sediment or vegetation chemistry were detected. Phytoplankton biomass increased in all the fertilized enclosures while epiphytic periphyton exhibited only minor responses. Epipelon biomass increased in the alfalfa treatment and metaphyton standing crops were extensive in the high treatment enclosures.
In the alfalfa treatment, high microbial respiration rapidly decreased dissolved oxygen concentrations which negatively affected invertebrates. This trend reversed as oxygen levels increased. Dominant nektonic and benthic herbivores-detritivores increased in the high and alfalfa treatment enclosures. Orthocladiinae emergence increased in the high and alfalfa treatments while Chironominae and Tanypodinae increased in the alfalfa treatment. Responses by algae and invertebrate communities to the fertilization treatments were minimal during 1990. Annual single pulse fertilization has the potential to increase the productivity of Interlake wetlands.

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27

Ari, Yilmaz. "Visions of a wetland : linking culture and conservation at Lake Manyas, Turkey /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3025135.

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28

Wennerholm, Malin. "The role of wetland advisors in the implementation of wetlands in Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445372.

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Wetlands are commonly known for providing a number of key functions. In the context of Swedish agricultural landscapes, the ability of wetlands to enhance nutrient retention and provide habitats for biodiversity has long been recognized. Nevertheless, many wetlands in Sweden have been lost or damaged due to drainage activities, and there is a need for scaling up the implementation of wetlands. The possibilities to reach wetland implementation goals in Sweden highly depend on voluntary participation by farmers and landowners. In order to enable and encourage landowners and managers to create and manage wetlands, the access to information, support and advice is considered to be vital. One way to provide support is through farm advisory services, such as the project ‘Greppa Näringen’ (GN) in Sweden, in which advice on, among other things, wetland creation and maintenance is offered. However, to date there is relatively little research on how such advisory systems work in practice and what potential barriers there are to their success. This thesis aims at investigating how wetland advisors perceive their role in enabling and encouraging landowners in wetland implementation. It also aims at revealing what barriers the advisors experience and what potential improvements they believe are necessary in order to aid them in their mission and, in turn, promote wetland implementation. This is achieved by conducting semi-structured interviews with 14 wetland advisors within GN. The findings are then analyzed in relation to ideas on knowledge, motivation, dialogue, mutual learning and trust, which previous scholars have identified as key components in the interaction between advisors and farmers. The results show that the wetland advisors draw and refine their knowledge from an array of sources, such as written articles and reports, interaction with other stakeholders, and personal experience of wetland creation and maintenance. Moreover, in their mission to enable and encourage landowners and managers in wetland creation and management, the wetland advisors are required to consider a number of aspects, including landowners’ interests, opportunities for financial support, and environmental conditions. The establishment of relationships between advisors and landowners is of utmost importance, in which dialogue, respect, mutual learning and trust are key components. Furthermore, the study reveals a number of barriers and potential improvements. These regard the need for a longer support-chain, less complex and more reliable systems for financial support, more coherent administrative processing of notifications and permits, and more knowledge and experience on handling opposing interests. It is also vital to further acknowledge wetland functions beyond the current focus on nutrient retention in both financial support systems, research and focus areas within the advisory system of GN, and, finally, to further communicate the opportunity to receive wetland advice both within and beyond GN. This could aid advisors in their mission to transfer knowledge to landowners as well as heighten the quality of the advisory visits, and in turn motivate more landowners and farmers to participate in the implementation of long-term sustainable wetlands in Sweden.

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Yung, Sonja Burns. "Measurement of sediment oxygen demand in a created urban wetland." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040211/.

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30

Sabokrouhiyeh, Nima. "Mass Transport Processes in vegetated wetlands-Optimal design of FWS wetlands." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422801.

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The hydraulic efficiency of wetlands for wastewater treatment was investigated as a function of wetland shape and vegetation density using a 2D depth-averaged numerical model. First, the numerical model was calibrated and validated against field data and then was applied to 8 hypothetical wetlands of rectangular and elliptical shape and different aspect ratio (i.e. 1/1 to 4/1). The vegetation density was varied from 0 to 1000 stems m-2. The effect of inlet-outlet configuration was analyzed by simulating the hydraulic response of wetlands with different alignment of the flow inlet and outlet and wetlands with multiple inlets. The resulting Residence Time Distributions (RTDs) were derived from numerical simulations of the flow field and the temporal evolution of the outlet concentration of a passive tracer injected at the inlet. The simulated velocity field demonstrated that wetland shape can have significant impact on the size of dead zone areas, which is also reflected in the RTD. Efficiency metrics associated with detention time and degree of mixing improved for an elliptical shape compared to a rectangular shape. An ellipse shape improved the wetland performance by reducing the area of dead zones at the corners, and thereby increasing the effective wetland volume contributing to the treatment process. Configurations in which inlet and outlet were located at opposite corners of the wetland, and wetlands with multiple inlets produced smaller dead zones, which reduced the variance of the RTD. The simulation results also revealed an interesting threshold behavior with regard to stem density. For stem density above 300 stems m-2, which is typical of treatment wetlands, the model predictions were not sensitive to the exact value of stem density selected, which simplifies the parameterization of models. The presence of heterogeneous vegetation patterns in constructed wetlands was also analyzed by numerical model to simulate flow, mass transport and contaminant removal in a conceptual free water surface (FWS) wetland with heterogeneous vegetation patterns. The main objectives were (1) to quantify the effectiveness of FWS wetlands of different vegetation patterns in reducing water contamination and, if possible, give such patterns a physical interpretation to increase the insight into the governing processes, and (2) to evaluate if there exists an optimum pattern that would maximize contaminant removal. First, the model was calibrated and validated against survey data from a wide variety of vegetated types, sizes, and shapes of large, shallow wetlands, and subsequently, simulations were performed for different random vegetation fields characterized by imposed statistical properties, including mean, variance and correlation length of the stem density distribution. The patterns were designed to mimic vegetation patterns that occur in natural wetlands. Results show that the concentration reduction efficiency increased monotonically with average stem density, whereas mass removal had a peak for an intermediate value of average stem density. The ensemble average of the total mass removal decreased for increasing stem density variance and correlation length, because the presence of vegetation patches, localized regions of high or low stem density, promoted preferential flow paths. In particular, preferential flow paths parallel to the mean flow direction were found to reduce the hydraulic efficiency of wetlands by producing short-circuiting, whereas, for the same mean stem density, alternating stripes of stem density perpendicular to the flow direction provide higher concentration and mass reduction efficiencies. The results provide guidance for designers of constructed wetlands by developing a quantitative understanding of the hydraulic impact of spatial heterogeneity in vegetation. This quantitative analysis of the effect of wetland shape, inlet-outlet configuration and vegetation distribution can help engineers to achieve more efficient and cost-effective design solutions for wastewater treatment wetlands.
L'efficienza idraulica delle zone umide per il trattamento delle acque reflue è stata studiata in funzione della forma delle zone umide e della densità della vegetazione utilizzando un modello numerico bidimensionale mediato sulla verticale. In primo luogo, il modello numerico è stato calibrato e validato sulla base di dati sperimentali e quindi è stato applicato a 8 zone umide ipotetiche di forma rettangolare ed ellittica con differenti proporzioni (cioè da 1: 1 a 4: 1). La densità della vegetazione è stata variata da 0 a 1000 steli / m2. Inoltre è stato analizzatol 'effetto della configurazione dell'ingresso-uscita,simulando la risposta idraulica di zone umide con diversi allineamenti dell'ingresso e dell'uscita e di zone umide con più ingressi. Dalle simulazioni numeriche del campo di flusso e dall'evoluzione temporale della concentrazione di uscita di un tracciante passivo iniettato all'ingresso sono state ricavate le risultanti distribuzioni del tempo di residenza (RTD). Il campo di velocità simulato ha dimostrato che la forma delle zone umide può avere un impatto significativo sulle dimensioni delle zone morte, che si riflette anche nella RTD. Le metriche di efficienza associate al tempo di detenzione e al grado di miscelazione migliorano per una forma ellittica rispetto a una forma rettangolare. Una forma ad ellisse migliora le prestazioni delle zone umide riducendo l'area delle zone morte agli angoli, aumentando così il volume efficace che contribuisce al processo di trattamento. Le Configurazioni in cui l'ingresso e l'uscita erano situati agli angoli opposti della zona umida, e le zone umide con più ingressi producevano zone morte più piccole, che riducevano la varianza della RTD. I risultati delle simulazioni hanno anche rivelato un comportamento soglia interessante per quanto riguarda la densità dello stelo. Per densità di vegetazione oltre 300 steli / m2, che è tipica delle zone umide deputate al trattamento di acque reflue, le previsioni del modello non erano sensibili al valore esatto della densità di vegetazione, il che semplifica la parametrizzazione dei modelli. anche La presenza di distribuzioni eterogenee di vegetazione nelle zone umide artificiali è stata analizzata mediante un modello numerico in grado di simulare il flusso, il trasporto di massa e la rimozione dei contaminanti in una zona umida concettuale a superficie libera (FWS). Gli obiettivi principali erano (1) quantificare l'efficacia delle FWS wetlands con diverse distribuzioni di vegetazione nel ridurre la contaminazione dell'acqua e, se possibile, dare a tali schemi un'interpretazione fisica per aumentare la conoscenza dei processi che li governano e (2) valutare se esiste un modello ottimale che massimizza la rimozione dei contaminanti. Innanzitutto, il modello è stato calibrato e validato rispetto a dati di indagine provenienti da un'ampia varietà di tipi, dimensioni e forme vegetate di vaste zone umide superficiali e successivamente sono state eseguite simulazioni per diversi campi random di vegetazione caratterizzati da proprietà statistiche imposte, tra cui media, varianza e lunghezza di correlazione della distribuzione della densità dello stelo. le distribuzioni di vegetazione sono state generate in modo da imitare le distribuzioni che si verificano nelle zone umide naturali. I risultati hanno mostrato che l'efficienza di riduzione della concentrazione aumentava monotonicamente con la densità di vegetazione media, mentre la rimozione di massa aveva un picco per un valore intermedio della densità di vegetazione media. La media di insieme della rimozione totale della massa diminuiva all'aumentare della varianza della densità di vegetazione e della lunghezza di correlazione, poiché la presenza di macchie di vegetazione, regioni localizzatecon densità di steli alta o bassa, promuoveva percorsi di flusso preferenziali. In particolare, è stato rilevato come percorsi di flusso preferenziali paralleli alla direzione media del flusso riducano l'efficienza idraulica delle zone umide producendo cortocircuiti, mentre, per la stessa densità media staminale, strisce alternate di densità dello stelo perpendicolari alla direzione del flusso forniscono maggiore concentrazione e efficienze di riduzione di massa. I risultati forniscono una guida per i progettisti di zone umide artificiali grazie allo sviluppo di una comprensione quantitativa dell'impatto idraulico dell'eterogeneità spaziale nella vegetazione. Questa analisi quantitativa dell'effetto della forma delle zone umide, della configurazione dell'ingresso e della distribuzione della vegetazione può aiutare gli ingegneri a realizzare soluzioni di progettazione più efficienti ed economicamente vantaggiose per le zone umide di trattamento delle acque reflue.

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Sherrill, Ursula Rose. "The restoration of wetland functions at the Rio Bosque Wetlands Park in El Paso, Texas, USA." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Palmer, Huckleberry Richardson. "High rates of ammonia removal in constructed treatment wetland mesocosms using oxygenation." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2008/h_palmer_042508.pdf.

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Tschirky, Paul A. "Waves and wetlands, an investigation of wave attenuation by emergent, freshwater, wetland vegetation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ56104.pdf.

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Richardson, J., Phillip R. Scheuerman, and M. Benton. "Biosurvey of a Constructed Wetland Using a Newly Developed Treatment Wetlands Evaluation Index." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1996. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2912.

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35

Baker, Jeffrey Lee. "Maya Wetlands: Ecology and Pre-Hispanic Utilization of Wetlands in Northwestern Belize." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/237812.

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In this dissertation, I examine several issues related to the pre-hispanic utilization of wetlands by the Maya. Fourteen hypotheses associated with one model of wetland utilization, the Pohl-Bloom model are tested in this dissertation. The Pohl-Bloom model views the use of wetlands as being restricted in time and space, with wetlands only being utilized in the Preclassic along the Rio Hondo drainage. Rising sea levels caused a rise in the freshwater table, which ultimately forced the Maya to abandon their wetland fields at the end of the Preclassic. Patterns observed in wetlands outside of the Rio Hondo drainage are, according to this model, the remnant of natural features called gilgai. Before examining the Pohl-Bloom model several related aspects of tropical ecology and wetland ecology were examined, including deforestation and climatic change. Though deforestation can influence regional water tables, the deforestation in the Maya area appears to be to have been too early to have had any significant impact on wetland agriculture. Climate change is currently a major topic in Maya studies, with drought conceivably having an influence on wetland agriculture. The present examination of the climatic data, however, that there is not a good correlation between the timing of droughts and the timing of significant changes in Maya culture. Evidence is also presented that questions the reliability of the isotopic data that has been used to study climatic change in the Maya Lowlands. Examination of the Pohl-Bloom model resulted in rejection of all fourteen hypotheses. The available evidence on sea level changes indicates that water levels in the Preclassic were dropping, not rising, while there is no evidence for changes in the water table during the Preclassic. The environmental factors present in the Maya Lowlands are simply not capable of creating large rectilinear gilgai. Similarly, the shallow slopes and absence of the sorting of sediments by size can be used to rule erosion as a major factor in the creation of the wetland stratigraphies. Based upon the available evidence, it is argued that raised fields were utilized throughout northern Belize, having their most widespread distribution in the Late Classic Period.

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Gilbert, Janice M. "Examining the link between macrophyte diversity, bacterial diversity, and denitrification function in wetlands." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086098505.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 234 p. Includes bibliographical references. Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2005 June 1.

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Misiti, Teresa Marie. "Groundwater nitrate reduction in a simulated free water surface wetland system." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31847.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Member: Pavlostathis, Spyros; Committee Member: Spain, Jim; Committee Member: Tezel, Ulas. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Ronald, Constance E. "Evaluation of restored wetlands using the Ohio Rapid Assessment Method." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/673.

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Elliott, Katherine Louise. "An analysis of the Federal wetlands regulations influencing construction development." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21437.

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Kelvin, J. "Evaporation in fen wetlands." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7166.

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Wicken Fen represents a remnant of the once extensive peat fenlands of East Anglia, which survived large-scale drainage efforts intended to bring land into agricultural production due to its importance within the local economy and subsequently as a site of interest to scientists. Wicken Fen is managed so as to conserve a variety of habitats lost as a result of drainage and therefore does not represent a truly natural environment. Traditional management practices on Sedge Fen, the largest part of Wicken Fen, involve maintaining a 3 – 4 year harvesting cycle and controlling soil water levels. Previous hydrological studies of Wicken Fen have determined that soil water levels are strongly influenced by precipitation and evapotranspiration. The evaporative flux at Sedge Fen is commonly estimated by using meteorological data within empirical formulae such as the Penman Monteith equation owing to measurement difficulties. Furthermore, there has been little investigation of the evaporative loss from fens within the UK. This study aims to investigate the evaporative loss from Sedge Fen so as to better inform hydrological management and to describe evapotranspiration estimation techniques which may be employed at other fen sites. Eddy covariance measurements demonstrated that evapotranspiration from Sedge Fen was typically less than reference evapotranspiration estimates. Evapotranspiration estimates may be improved by consideration of surface parameters which can be described using meteorological data. Meteorological differences existed between Sedge Fen and the surrounding area, resulting in differing evapotranspiration estimates depending on where data was collected. Evapotranspiration measurements were used within a simple water budget model of Sedge Fen and demonstrated the lateral movement of soil water, a hydrological flux previously assumed to be of little consequence within the hydrological balance of Sedge Fen.

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Engelke, Jennifer. "Wetlands: a flooding solution." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13691.

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Master of Landscape Architecture
Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Tim Keane
Wildcat Creek in Riley County, KS has repeatedly flooded in the past 5 years causing significant damage to the watershed, private property, and community livelihood. Strategically placing wetlands throughout the watershed can help reduce stormwater runoff, increase infiltration, and increase wildlife habitat. A watershed assessment was completed to determine the best location for wetlands in the Wildcat Creek Basin. Two watershed-scale plans for wetlands were derived and evaluated based upon estimation of stormwater runoff and quality of wildlife habitat. Wetlands were then examined and incorporated into existing land cover and land uses at the site-scale for an existing golf course. Three proposals for the nine hole course (for best golf experience, wildlife habitat, and wetland creation) were developed to reflect expansion options from a Par 30 to a Par 34 or 35 course. Each proposal was evaluated based on wetland capacity from estimated stormwater runoff, quality of wildlife habitat, playability of the golf course for all skill levels, and cost of implementation. After this evaluation, the wetland proposal was moved forward and further developed into a proposal that is best suited for the site. Following wetland implementation, stormwater runoff can be collected on-site to prevent runoff and flooding at the golf course and downstream. In order to solve flooding problems in the Wildcat Creek watershed, a series of wetlands can be implemented at the smaller site scale, like the Wildcat Creek Golf Course site, throughout the watershed. Wetlands are one component of a larger stormwater management system that is needed to reduce flooding of the Wildcat Creek and the flood-prone area of Manhattan, KS.

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Rodriguez, Ruth. "Nutrient dynamics in a created desert wetland implications for the Rio Bosque Wetlands Park /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Alipiah, Roseliza Mat. "Valuation of ecosystem services for wetland management : case study of Setiu Wetlands, Terengganu, Malaysia." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.583335.

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This research is a new approach as it integrates information from both environmental and social sciences to inform effective management of the wetlands. A three-stage research framework was developed. Firstly, a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) was used to predict the probability of anthropogenic activities affecting the delivery of different key wetland ecosystem services under different management scenarios. Secondly, Choice Experiments (CEs) were used to quantify the relative preferences which key wetland stakeholder groups held for delivery of different levels of these key ecosystem services. Thirdly, a Multi- Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) was applied to produce an ordinal ranking of the alternative management scenarios accounting for their impacts upon ecosystem service delivery as perceived through the preferences of the key stakeholder groups. This integrated ecosystem management approach was applied to a wetland ecosystem in Setiu, Terengganu, Malaysia which currently supports a significant level of aquaculture activities. This research has produced clear guidelines to inform policy makers considering alternative wetland management scenarios: Intensive Aquaculture, Conservation or Ecotourism, in addition to the Status Quo. The findings of this research are as follows. The BBN revealed that current aquaculture activity is likely to have significant impacts on water column nutrient enrichment, but trivial impacts on caged fish biomass, especially under the Intensive Aquaculture scenario. Secondly, the best .. fitting CE models identified several stakeholder sub-groups, each with distinct sets of preferences for the delivery of key ecosystem services. Thirdly the MCDA identified Conservation as the most desirable scenario overall based on ordinal ranking in the eyes of most of the stakeholder sub-groups. Ecotourism and Status Quo scenarios were the next most preferred and Intensive Aquaculture was the least desirable scenario. The methodologies developed through this research provide an opportunity for improving planning and decision making processes that aim to deliver sustainable management of wetland ecosystems in Malaysia.

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Bailey, Jennifer Diane. "Vertical Distribution of Wetland Plant Roots and Their Associated Bacteria in Groundwater-fed Wetlands." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1452708738.

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Schwirzer, Anna-Maria. "Geomorphic attributes of palustrine wetlands in the upper Boesmans river catchment, KwaZulu-Natal." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01232008-114045.

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Trobajo, Pujadas Rosa. "Ecological analysis of periphytic diatoms in Mediterranean coastal wetlands (Empordà wetlands, NE Spain)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7661.

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S'han estudiat els efectes dels factors ambientals sobre el perífiton dels sistemes lenític fluctuants del aiguamolls de l'Empordà. L'estudi s'ha realitzat als tres nivells d'integració: nivell d'ecosistema considerant el rol del perífiton envers els altres productors primaris; a nivell de comunitat, estudiant la composició específica de les diatomees i a nivell de població estudiant la plasticitat fenotípica d'una espècie de diatomea (Nitzschia frustulum).
A nivell d'ecosistema s'observa que els factors que afavoreixen el predomini dels diferents tipus de productors primaris (perífiton, fitoplàncton i macròfits) són la renovació i el grau d'eutròfia de l'aigua. A nivell de comunitat els factors determinants en la composició i distribució de les espècies de diatomees són els gradients confinament-inundació així com la productivitat del sistema. En funció d'aquest factors s'han establert 5 associacions de diatomees. A nivell de població es demostra que tant la salinitat, com la relació N : P a l'aigua com el moviment de l'aigua afecten la morfologia i ultraestructura de la valva de N. frustulum. De forma interessant s'observa que la salinitat, considerada com a factor individual, afecta N. frustulum a nivell poblacional provocant-li modificacions en la morfologia de la valva, per en canvi, no afecta a nivell de comunitat, ja que totes les espècies de diatomees presents en ambients de salinitat fluctuant són eurihalines.
The effects of environmental conditions on periphytic of lentic and fluctuating waters (Empordà wetlands) at the three different levels of organisation were studied: at ecosystem level, considering the role of periphyton among the primary producers; at community level, analysing the periphytic diatom species composition; and at population level studying the phenotypic plasticity of a selected diatom species (Nitzschia frustulum). The factors favouring the predominance of different primary productors (periphyton, phytoplankton and macrophytes) were the turnover and eutrophy of the water. At the community level, we observed that the main factors affecting diatom species composition and distribution are the gradients confinement-flooding and productivity of the system. Based on these factors 5 diatom assemblages have been distinguished. At the population level, the results of the present thesis proved that the morphology and ultrastructure of N. frustulum is affected by salinity, N : P ratio and movement of the water. Interestingly the results showed that salinity, as a single environmental factor, has effect at N. frustulum population level resulting in phenotypic plasticity while there is no effect of salinity at diatom community level since in such environments with fluctuating salinity all the species present are euryhaline.

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Downard, Rebekah. "Keeping Wetlands Wet: The Human Hydrology of Wetlands in the Bear River Basin." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/829.

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This research seeks to understand how wetlands maintain a water supply in the Bear River Basin, where water is generally scarce. Research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with wetland and water experts in the basin and archival research of historical documents and water rights. The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service manages three refuges on the Bear River, and has obtained water rights portfolios for each. Holding water rights does not ensure that there will be water available for refuge wetlands. Instead, position in relation to other powerful water users is the most important factor in determining the security of a refuge's water supply and the threats faced from drought. All refuges must manage their water because the human-hydrology of the river is complex and variable; this requires a combination of infrastructure and planning. Maintaining relationships with other water users is another important adaptation to the human-hydrology of the river, because all water users along the river are interconnected. Recognizing that they face the same threats to their water supply allows wetland managers and irrigators to cooperate in order to maintain the water supply for their region of the river and increases adaptability as the region faces climate change. The Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge is the oldest refuge on the river and has the least secure water supply, despite having the largest water rights portfolio. Because it is chronically short of water during the summer, refuge staff have developed an adaptive management strategy to effectively utilize the water they do receive. Management involves predicting water supplies each year, setting water level targets accordingly, actively diverting water to priority wetlands, and allowing non-priority wetland to dry. This is followed by extensive monitoring of habitat conditions and bird use, the results of which are shared in annual management plans. This strategy maintains the most wildlife habitat possible and offers important institutional adaptations. Most importantly, it demonstrates the refuge's water rights are being put to beneficial use. Sharing knowledge gained through management also builds trust and adaptive capacity among water users facing the complex human-hydrology at the end of the Bear River.

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Soule, Ann Catherine. "Deficiencies in wetland project planning, review and implementation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1990_637_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Lancaster, Nicole N. M. "Effects of salinity on biogeochemical processes and methylmercury production in freshwater wetland sediments." View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-3//r1/lancastern/nicolelancaster.pdf.

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Sommer, Beate. "Drying and re-wetting of organic wetland sediments biogeochemistry and implications for wetland management /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0025.html.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Wetlands'

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