Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wetland resources

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Wetland resources'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Wetland resources"

1

Mitchell, Todd. "Native Uses of Wetlands and Natural Resources Planning: The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community's Wetlands Cultural Assessment." Practicing Anthropology 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.27.1.0m16543050n28544.

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Wetlands are defined based upon the presence of three essential characteristics: hydrophytic vegetation; hydric soils; and wetland hydrology. Wetland inventory and wetland habitat assessments are conducted in areas where wetlands need to be identified and ranked for regulatory protection measures. Typically the following methods are used: 1) identify wetlands through existing resources and produce a preliminary wetland inventory, 2) field verify wetlands, 3) assess wetland functions and values, and 4) develop watershed ranking. In order to evaluate and assess the relative importance or level to which a wetland performs a specific function, a functional assessment of the field-verified wetlands is conducted. Detailed scientific knowledge of wetland functions, sometimes known as functions and values, is often limited, so that evaluations of the functions of individual wetlands are qualitative and largely dependent upon professional judgment. Wetland functional valuations are still an evolving science. Therefore, better methods for valuations are being researched but until such methods are in general use by the scientific research community, the current and possibly inaccurate methods are in use.
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2

Yan, Ai Lan, Yi Ting Qi, and De Wang Li. "Current Status of Hangjiahu Plain Wetlands Resources and Proposals for Protection and Management." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3683.

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A survey was conducted in Hangjiahu Plain Wetlands to study the baseline information, types, vegetation, characteristics, ecological values, construction and management. The results showed that: the total area of Hangjiahu plain wetlands coverage ​​181,800 hectares, involving 5 types. The natural resources were very rich in wetlands.There are 8 birds species under national protection and 4 wild plants under national protection. There are 10 wetland places under state protection by government. This is the Nature Protection Zone of Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park, a name on the List of international wetlands.Taihu Wetland Park is National wetland park. Proposals on protection and management of the wetland were made by considering practical.
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Magure, Martin, Webster Gumindoga, Hodson Makurira, and Donald Tendai Rwasoka. "Impacts of wetland loss and fragmentation on the hydrology of Zimbabwe's highveld." Water Practice and Technology 17, no. 11 (September 8, 2022): 2463–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2022.107.

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Abstract Wetland loss and fragmentation are among the greatest threats to water resources in developed and developing countries. While several studies on wetland fragmentation have been done, a few have looked at impacts of wetland fragmentation on hydrology, with none having been done on Zimbabwe's highveld headwater catchments. There is a critical need to investigate the influence of wetlands on flow regimes of highveld headwater catchments, to understand the hydrological role that wetlands play in sustaining water resources. Endowed with dambos, marshes and riverine wetlands, Zimbabwe's highveld play a significant role in sustaining Zimbabwe's water resources, with major river systems originating from the highveld plateau, having wetlands as their source regions. Hydrologic impacts of wetland fragmentation on flow regimes of highveld headwater catchments i.e., Upper Manyame (Manyame catchment), Nyagui (Mazowe catchment) and Macheke (Save catchment) were analyzed for the period from 1984–2021. Analysis of landcover and wetland change as well as streamflow characteristics was done for 1984, 1994, 2004, 2014 and 2021 periods. Simulation of streamflow under wetland fragmentation was done using the topographically driven rainfall-runoff model (TOPMODEL), which was set up, calibrated and validated for the most sensitive parameters, which include scaling parameter (m), transmissivity (To) and root zone available water capacity (SRmax). Results from landuse/cover analysis for the period between 1984 and 2021 showed a decrease in wetland area, followed by an increase in built up area and bare land for the same period, owing to expansion of urban areas and cultivation into wetland areas. Hydrological simulation by TOPMODEL and flow duration curve analysis show that wetland fragmentation has resulted in increased peak flows, while low flows have declined for the three catchments. The findings of this research would be helpful in understanding the hydrological functions of highveld wetlands, providing the reference for protection and sustainable utilization of wetland resources in the highveld catchments.
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Suir, Glenn M., Douglas A. Wilcox, and Molly Reif. "Classification of Typha-dominated wetlands using airborne hyperspectral imagery along Lake Ontario, USA." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 140–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.02.18.

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Abstract Shoreline wetlands along Lake Ontario are valuable, multi-functional resources that have historically provided large numbers of important ecosystem goods and services. However, alterations to the lake’s natural hydrologic regime have impacted traditional meadow marsh in the wetlands, resulting in competition and colonization by dense and aggressive Typha angustifolia and Typha x glauca (Cattails). The shift to a Typha-dominated landscape resulted in an array of negative impacts, including increased Typha density, substantial decreases in plant species richness and diversity, and altered habitat and changes in associated ecosystem services. Successful long-term adaptive management of these wetland resources requires timely and accurate monitoring. Historically, wetland landscapes have been surveyed and mapped using field-based surveys and/or photointerpretation. However, given their resource- and cost-intensive nature, these methods are often prohibitively time- and labor-consuming or geographically limited. Other remote sensing applications can provide more rapid and efficient assessments when evaluating wetland change trajectories or analyzing direct and indirect impacts across larger spatial and temporal scales. The primary goal of this study was to develop and describe methodology using U.S. Army Corps of Engineers National Coastal Mapping Program hyperspectral imagery, light detection and ranging data, and high-spatial resolution true-color imagery to provide updated wetland classifications for Lake Ontario coastal wetlands. This study used existing field-collected vegetation survey data (Great Lakes Coastal Wetland Monitoring Program), ancillary imagery, and existing classification information as training data for a supervised classification approach. These data were used along with a generalized wetland schema (classes based on physical and biological gradients: elevation, Typha, meadow marsh, mixed emergent, upland vegetation) to generate wetland classification data with Kappa values near 0.85. Ultimately, these data and methods provide helpful knowledge elements that will allow for more efficient inventorying and monitoring of Great Lake resources, forecasting of resource condition and stability, and adaptive management strategies.
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Muendoh, Anntonina Ngina, and Maurice Sakwa. "Wetland Vegetation Resources and Livelihood Outcomes of Yala Swamp Residents." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. IV (2024): 1061–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.804079.

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Wetlands are highly productive ecosystems, providing several goods and services that are of value to people. Never the less, there is limited evidence to attest to this value especially in wetland areas of Kenya. The study was conducted to assess the effects of wetland vegetation use on community member’s livelihoods. The research design of the project was a descriptive survey with a sample of 200 participants drawn from households in Yala swamp area. Data was collected from a sample of 146 households using a structured questionnaire. This represented a 73.2% response rate, which was considered sufficient for analysis and inference. The study showed that the wetland vegetation use has a positive influence on both improved healthcare and nutrition of the Yala swamp community members. The study concluded that wetland vegetation resources played an important role in ensuring the community members’ livelihood outcomes through improved incomes, healthcare, and better nutrition. The study recommends that wetland resources should be protected otherwise, their key functions could be impaired when wetlands are lost or degraded.
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Kakuru, Willy, Nelson Turyahabwe, and Johnny Mugisha. "Total Economic Value of Wetlands Products and Services in Uganda." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/192656.

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Wetlands provide food and non-food products that contribute to income and food security in Uganda. This study determined the economic value of wetland resources and their contribution to food security in the three agroecological zones of Uganda. The values of wetland resources were estimated using primary and secondary data. Market price, Productivity, and Contingent valuation methods were used to estimate the value of wetland resources. The per capita value of fish was approximately US$ 0.49 person−1. Fish spawning was valued at approximately US$ 363,815 year−1, livestock pastures at US$ 4.24 million, domestic water use at US$ 34 million year−1, and the gross annual value added by wetlands to milk production at US$ 1.22 million. Flood control was valued at approximately US$ 1,702,934,880 hectare−1year−1and water regulation and recharge at US$ 7,056,360 hectare−1year−1. Through provision of grass for mulching, wetlands were estimated to contribute to US$ 8.65 million annually. The annual contribution of non-use values was estimated in the range of US$ 7.1 million for water recharge and regulation and to US$ 1.7 billion for flood control. Thus, resource investment for wetlands conservation is economically justified to create incentives for continued benefits.
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Saluja, Ridhi, Satish Prasad, Than Htway Lwin, Hein Htet Soe, Chloe Pottinger-Glass, and Thanapon Piman. "Assessment of Community Dependence and Perceptions of Wetlands in the Upper Chindwin Basin, Myanmar." Resources 12, no. 10 (September 22, 2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources12100112.

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Understanding the relationship between communities and wetland ecosystems is imperative to facilitate the development of wetland management and conservation strategies that can effectively safeguard wetland health and sustain the flow of ecosystem services. To understand the knowledge, attitude, and perception of communities on wetland ecosystem services, a survey was conducted involving 133 households from 4 villages dependent on 5 wetlands within the Upper Chindwin Basin (UCB), northwestern Myanmar. Most of the respondents extracted wetland resources for subsistence and income. A total of 84% of the households depended on wetland fish for their primary protein consumption, while 70% (n = 94) collected fuelwood from wetlands for subsistence. The survey participants unanimously recognized the benefits of wetland ecosystem services (i.e., provisioning benefits), particularly for fish, food, fiber, fuel, natural medicines, ornamental resources, and minerals. A total of 97% of the participants lacked knowledge of any existing law or regulation that ensures wetland protection in Myanmar. Furthermore, 87% of the respondents concurred that the government has not adequately endeavored to promote awareness of wetland conservation in this remote area due to lack of capacity and resources. This study establishes a baseline for the region and recommends designing and implementing a community-centric wetland action plan. This action plan provides a self-sustaining and cost-effective approach to conserve wetlands and is crucial in enhancing the capacity of dependent communities to participate and eventually lead wetland management of UCB.
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Adeeyo, Adeyemi O., Stanley S. Ndlovu, Linda M. Ngwagwe, Mulalo Mudau, Mercy A. Alabi, and Joshua N. Edokpayi. "Wetland Resources in South Africa: Threats and Metadata Study." Resources 11, no. 6 (June 3, 2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources11060054.

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Wetlands are important ecosystems with physical and economic benefits. However, many reports confirm the drastic loss of wetlands due to urbanisation and anthropogenic activities in many parts of the world. This study focused on the present-day state of wetlands in the Republic of South Africa. A meta-analysis was performed to elucidate the distribution and level of protection of selected wetlands. The classification of existing wetlands and the threat against wetlands were reported. Wetlands in South Africa are grossly endangered by human pollution, developmental activities, and invasive plants. From data obtained, about 47.89% of reported wetlands have a low level of protection and are thus susceptible to threats. The South African Department of Environmental Affairs protects most of the wetlands (28.17%) in the country. Major weaknesses identified for wetland degradation are the ignorance of people about the benefits of wetlands and the weak implementation of frameworks and policies that currently exist. The impact of legislations and policies on the preservation of wetlands is presented as well as the need for community education on environmental degradation. Therefore, the current state of several wetlands calls for urgent attention, and there is need for a strengthening of existing laws and policies in order to prevent wetland damage and extinction.
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H. O, Nwankwoala,, and Okujagu, D.C. "A REVIEW OF WETLANDS AND COASTAL RESOURCES OF THE NIGER DELTA: POTENTIALS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS." Environment & Ecosystem Science 5, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/ees.01.2021.37.46.

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Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including during the growing season. The Niger Delta in Nigeria is the largest wetland in Africa and the third largest mangrove forest in the world with three sites listed as Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance. The Niger Delta wetlands and coastal resources are of high monetary significance to the local dwellers and the nation in general. This highly coveted wetland is changing rapidly, raising concern for its attendant implication on the communities relying upon its ecosystem potentials. A comprehensive data of the facilities delivered by wetlands is a significant key for real-time wetland ecosystem management. Existing literatures, were synthesized for this review on the potentials, challenges and prospects of the Niger Delta wetlands. It is pertinent from this review that the Niger Delta Wetland is wealthy in aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity of high financial significance to development of Nigeria, and is being challenged by natural and human activities such as dam construction, logging/lumbering, over-grazing, unrestrained tilling of soil for crop production, wetland reclamation, dredging, oil and gas exploration, over-fishing, invasive plant infestation, pollution, Coastal Infrastructure construction, poverty, droughts, desertification, sand storm, alien invasion, sea rising, erosion, etc. The Niger Delta Wetlands harbor tremendous wealth and supply many services that are necessary for human well-being such as location for spiritual renewal and recreation (eco-tourism), flood control, climate regulation, crop pollination, soil regeneration, raw material, energy, air and water purification; food chain supply, and medicines (Herbal solutions). This review postulates that in view of the immense significance and status of the Niger Delta Wetlands, effective and sequential monitoring be put in place by the establishment of centers of excellence in all universities in the Niger Delta Region with emphasis on studying the rich economic diversity of the wetland using remote sensing and Geographic Information System technologies for efficient conservation and management of the wetland resources.
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Wang, Zecheng, Xinsheng Zhao, Qiongfang Ma, Lijuan Cui, Xueyan Zuo, Yunxi Lu, Yang Cai, Zhiguo Dou, and Wei Li. "The Value of Surface Freshwater Supply Services in the Wetlands of Jilin Province, China." Water 16, no. 2 (January 6, 2024): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16020203.

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Wetlands are ecologically and socioeconomically crucial areas. The application of economic valuation methods could ensure the sustainable utilization of wetlands. Utilizing wetland survey data from Jilin Province, China, representative of the years 2013 and 2017, we assessed the market value of water obtained from wetlands. Simultaneously, we employed the PLUS model to predict changes in wetland areas of different types over the next decade and analyzed their impact on the value of freshwater resource supplies. The results indicate the following points: (1) the area of wetlands decreased from 10,852.84 km2 in 2013 to 10,794.46 km2 in 2017 and that, in 2027, this was projected to further decrease to 10,614.37 km2, with river wetlands experiencing the most substantial decline; (2) the freshwater volumes in 2013 and 2017 were 20.81 × 108 and 20.09 × 108 m3, respectively, representing a 3.58% decrease. The volume for 2027 was projected to further reduce to 19.74 × 108 m3, with lake wetlands contributing the most to water resources and marsh wetlands contributing the least; and (3) the obtained total value of freshwater continuously increased, rising from CNY 8.384 billion in 2013 to CNY 8.642 billion in 2017, and this was projected to further increase to CNY 9.101 billion in 2027. There was regional variation in the value of wetland freshwater resource supplies, with differences in the per unit area and per capita value among administrative units. These findings can facilitate the optimal allocation of freshwater resources in Jilin Province, promoting its sustainable development while ensuring wetland conservation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wetland resources"

1

Craig, Martha. "Land use and Wetland Function: A Sensitivity Analysis of the VIMS Nontidal Wetland Functional Assessment Method." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617640.

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Mengel, Doreen C. "Amphibians as Wetland Restoration Indicators on Wetlands Reserve Program Sites in Lower Grand River Basin, Missouri." Thesis, University of Missouri - Columbia, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13850742.

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Globally, amphibians have suffered dramatic population declines in the past twenty years with habitat destruction implicated as the primary threat. The Natural Resources Conservation Service’s Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) restores wetlands on marginal agricultural land and is a means to restore the spatio-temporal wetland habitat required by amphibians to prevent, reverse, or stabilize declining population trends. The goal of WRP is “to achieve the greatest wetland functions and values, along with optimum wildlife habitat, on every acre enrolled in the program.” Functions and values are defined as the hydrological and biological characteristics of wetlands. A key unanswered question is to what extent is this goal being achieved? Amphibians enable quantifying the WRP goal due to their life-history requirements and explicit incorporation of their habitat needs into WRP plans. My research goal was to determine if hydrological and biological wetland characteristics had been restored to WRP sites in the Lower Grand River basin, north-central Missouri, based on distribution, recruitment success, and relative species richness estimates for members of a regional species pool. I identified three design strategies applied to WRP sites over time: walk-away, maximize hydrology, and naturalistic; the latter emphasizing restoring process as well as structure; and evaluated if design strategy was a useful covariate for restoration efforts. I encountered 10 amphibian species representing 59% of the regional species pool. Design strategy was not a predictive site-level covariate as sites within all three design strategies had varying hydrological wetland conditions resulting in greater habitat heterogeneity than anticipated on maximize hydrology and walk-away sites and less than anticipated on naturalistic sites. Amphibian detections occurred across all sites resulting in no difference among design strategy as the degree of heterogeneity in habitat conditions at the within site-scale demonstrated that amphibians were responding to ecological conditions that occur at a finer resolution than site. Results, irrespective of design strategy, indicate seven of the detected species or groups were widely- distributed, two were moderately- distributed, and two were sparsely distributed on WRP sites indicating hydrological wetland characteristics have been restored to sites given the moderate- to wide-distribution of species associated with both seasonal and permanent wetlands. Although species were successfully recruiting young into adult populations, only leopard frogs had high estimates of recruitment success whereas the remaining species had moderately high to moderate to low recruitment estimates indicating biological wetland characteristics are somewhat lacking to lacking for these species. Results from the relative species richness assessment indicate that, whereas 74% of the sites provided some degree of wetland habitat for members of the regional species pool over the course of the field season (7 March – 19 September), 52% of the sites lacked suitable habitat conditions during the peak of amphibian breeding and larval development (May through July). Targeting management actions that result in suitable seasonal wetland habitat conditions (shallow, vegetated wetlands that gradually dry by mid-to late-summer) throughout the time needed for species to complete their life history requirements is one method to increase the biological wetland value of restored WRP sites. Results show the value of WRP at conserving and restoring river-floodplain amphibians; however, achieving optimum wildlife habitat on every enrolled acre will be difficult at a site-level scale as habitat requirements, although overlapping, vary widely for the full range of species. Providing for all species in the regional species pool requires sites that transverse both the longitudinal and lateral floodplain gradient. If WRP is to realize its full potential, there must be recognition that optimum wildlife habitat can be defined at multiple spatial and temporal scales that match the landscape setting. Optimum wildlife habitat at a wetland scale is not the same as optimum wildlife habitat at the floodplain scale. The intent of WRP is to convert marginal, flood-prone agricultural lands back into wetlands so enrollment of lands located outside the active floodplain may be impracticable or unrealistic. Whereas attaining optimum wildlife habitat on every acre enrolled in the program may not be an achievable objective, providing optimum wildlife habitat for members of a regional species pool within an appropriately defined geography that includes both a longitudinal and lateral gradient represents an objective that is both desirable and attainable.

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Smith, Robert John. "The preservation and degradation of wood in wetland archaeological and landfill sites." Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13206.

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This study has investigated the patterns and processes responsible for oak wood degradation in different burial environments by characterizing the biological, chemical and physical nature of sediments from a variety of 'in situ' wetland archaeological and landfill sites. It has used oak wood as the complimentary organic biomarker to help determine the main factors responsible for the unwanted decay of archaeo-organic materials in wetIand archaeological sites and identify the useful deterioration of organic materials in landfill sites. A laboratory-based simulation (lysimeter study) has been used to act as a representation of the conditions that exist within the burial environments chosen for this research. The main parameters which characterize all burial contexts were artificially manipulated within the lysimeters. These were subsequently measured by using a number of technological applications in order to produce a multi-disciplinary analysis of each environment studied. The interpretation of the data generated from these techniques highlighted patterns within the sediments which were responsible for the degradation of oak wood. As a result of these findings, this study has not only illustrated the key environmental parameters that are responsible for oak wood degradation over a variety of time scales, i.e. the short- (lysimeter study), medium- (landfill sites) and long-term (wetland archaeological sites), but also determined the most appropriate conditions which are able to preserve wood in wetland archaeological sites and optimize organic waste degradation in landfill sites.
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Chattaraj, Diyali. "Assessment of wetland resources in Malda district and its conservation for sustainable management." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2019. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4033.

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anderson, Britt-Anne. "Bioremediation of Tributyltin Contaminated Sediment using Spartina alterniflora in a Created Tidal Wetland." W&M ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617751.

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Breitfuss, Mark, and n/a. "The Effects of Physical Habitat Modification for Mosquito Control, Runnelling, on Selected Non-Target Saltmarsh Resources." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20031126.074304.

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Runnelling is a popular method of physical habitat modification employed on saltmarshes to control pest mosquito populations. The runnelling method involves linking the tidal source to isolated mosquito breeding pools via shallow channels that enable slow water movement of low amplitude tides. Increased tidal flushing inhibits mosquito development. The range of organisms which inhabit saltmarsh are likely to be influenced by altered tidal conditions as they exhibit specific physicochemical requirements for feeding, burrowing or growth. The dynamic nature of saltmarsh may mean that changes to the tidal frequency of a particular region of the saltmarsh promotes extension of marine-like conditions. Because runnels increase the frequency of flooding tidal events in specific regions of the saltmarsh this study predicted that resulting changes would be evident in the physical conditions of saltmarsh substrate, in the transport of buoyant vegetative propagules, in the population characteristics of surface grazing snails and in the density and aperture of crab burrows after flooding and non-flooding tidal events. The physical impacts of runnelling were determined at three marshes which appeared similar in terms of topography, substrate and tidal conditions. Soil water content and consolidation were measured using two sampling protocols: a) comparisons between modified and unmodified shores; and, b) comparisons with increasing lateral distance across the shore from the runnel edge. At one marsh, moisture levels were significantly higher at runnelled than at unrunnelled sites when tides filled the runnels, but this pattern was not found at the other marshes. Soil consolidation was greater at higher shore heights, but was not different between runnelled and unrunnelled shores. Measurements at different lateral distances from runnels demonstrated higher moisture levels and lower consolidation up to 5 m from the edge but not further away. Groups of marked Avicennia marina propagules were released at the three runnelled saltmarshes during flooding and non-flooding tidal events. Groups of propagules released within 10 m of a runnel were always transported significantly further from the starting position and further up the saltmarsh shore after both flooding and non-flooding tides than any other groups. In addition, the pattern of stranding on saltmarsh for significantly different groups was closely associated with the path of runnel construction so that propagules were located either in the runnel or in depressions linked to the runnel that had been isolated mosquito-breeding pools prior to runnelling. It is likely that altered physical soil conditions significantly affected the distribution and size structures of Salinator solida and Ophicardelus spp. snails recorded at the three saltmarshes. The interaction of tidal period and the presence of a runnel contributed to patterns with significant differences between runnelled and unrunnelled regions of the marsh. Generally, the runnel population of snails exhibited flood-like features even during non-flood periods. The distribution and size classes of snails did not differ with lateral distance from runnels. The burrow characteristics of the crab Helograpsus haswellianus were compared to increase the accuracy of estimating abundance from burrow counts. Including only those burrows which were obviously maintained by resident crabs significantly increased the confidence limits of estimating crab abundance using only burrow density counts. This method was applied to runnelled and unrunnelled sites to assess any changes in the density of burrows associated with the presence of runnels. Again, it is likely that physical soil conditions resulting from increased tidal frequency at the runnel did influence crab burrowing with fewer small burrows being found at the runnelled site, low on the shore. In addition, mid- and large-sized burrows tended to dominate close to the runnel edge. Site-specific soil characteristics may help to explain the lack of continuity in patterns associated with runnel effects on non-target saltmarsh resources. While the runnel may increase the soil water content of clayey substrates at some sites it could also result in de-watering of porous sandy soils at other shores. This was evident in the structure of the snail population and distribution of crab burrows which appeared to reflect altered soil physical characteristics associated with the runnel. Runnelling does affect non-target organisms in saltmarsh. However, the scale of impact was usually locally restricted (< 10 m from the runnel edge). The fact that patterns were not recorded at all sites suggests that the influence of runnels is variable and limited by substrate and some biological conditions. Given the efficiency and popularity of runnelling as a physical control method for reducing pest vector mosquito habitat, this study found no evidence to suggest that its use should be discontinued on any ecological basis measured.
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Breitfuss, Mark. "The Effects of Physical Habitat Modification for Mosquito Control, Runnelling, on Selected Non-Target Saltmarsh Resources." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367526.

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Runnelling is a popular method of physical habitat modification employed on saltmarshes to control pest mosquito populations. The runnelling method involves linking the tidal source to isolated mosquito breeding pools via shallow channels that enable slow water movement of low amplitude tides. Increased tidal flushing inhibits mosquito development. The range of organisms which inhabit saltmarsh are likely to be influenced by altered tidal conditions as they exhibit specific physicochemical requirements for feeding, burrowing or growth. The dynamic nature of saltmarsh may mean that changes to the tidal frequency of a particular region of the saltmarsh promotes extension of marine-like conditions. Because runnels increase the frequency of flooding tidal events in specific regions of the saltmarsh this study predicted that resulting changes would be evident in the physical conditions of saltmarsh substrate, in the transport of buoyant vegetative propagules, in the population characteristics of surface grazing snails and in the density and aperture of crab burrows after flooding and non-flooding tidal events. The physical impacts of runnelling were determined at three marshes which appeared similar in terms of topography, substrate and tidal conditions. Soil water content and consolidation were measured using two sampling protocols: a) comparisons between modified and unmodified shores; and, b) comparisons with increasing lateral distance across the shore from the runnel edge. At one marsh, moisture levels were significantly higher at runnelled than at unrunnelled sites when tides filled the runnels, but this pattern was not found at the other marshes. Soil consolidation was greater at higher shore heights, but was not different between runnelled and unrunnelled shores. Measurements at different lateral distances from runnels demonstrated higher moisture levels and lower consolidation up to 5 m from the edge but not further away. Groups of marked Avicennia marina propagules were released at the three runnelled saltmarshes during flooding and non-flooding tidal events. Groups of propagules released within 10 m of a runnel were always transported significantly further from the starting position and further up the saltmarsh shore after both flooding and non-flooding tides than any other groups. In addition, the pattern of stranding on saltmarsh for significantly different groups was closely associated with the path of runnel construction so that propagules were located either in the runnel or in depressions linked to the runnel that had been isolated mosquito-breeding pools prior to runnelling. It is likely that altered physical soil conditions significantly affected the distribution and size structures of Salinator solida and Ophicardelus spp. snails recorded at the three saltmarshes. The interaction of tidal period and the presence of a runnel contributed to patterns with significant differences between runnelled and unrunnelled regions of the marsh. Generally, the runnel population of snails exhibited flood-like features even during non-flood periods. The distribution and size classes of snails did not differ with lateral distance from runnels. The burrow characteristics of the crab Helograpsus haswellianus were compared to increase the accuracy of estimating abundance from burrow counts. Including only those burrows which were obviously maintained by resident crabs significantly increased the confidence limits of estimating crab abundance using only burrow density counts. This method was applied to runnelled and unrunnelled sites to assess any changes in the density of burrows associated with the presence of runnels. Again, it is likely that physical soil conditions resulting from increased tidal frequency at the runnel did influence crab burrowing with fewer small burrows being found at the runnelled site, low on the shore. In addition, mid- and large-sized burrows tended to dominate close to the runnel edge. Site-specific soil characteristics may help to explain the lack of continuity in patterns associated with runnel effects on non-target saltmarsh resources. While the runnel may increase the soil water content of clayey substrates at some sites it could also result in de-watering of porous sandy soils at other shores. This was evident in the structure of the snail population and distribution of crab burrows which appeared to reflect altered soil physical characteristics associated with the runnel. Runnelling does affect non-target organisms in saltmarsh. However, the scale of impact was usually locally restricted (< 10 m from the runnel edge). The fact that patterns were not recorded at all sites suggests that the influence of runnels is variable and limited by substrate and some biological conditions. Given the efficiency and popularity of runnelling as a physical control method for reducing pest vector mosquito habitat, this study found no evidence to suggest that its use should be discontinued on any ecological basis measured.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
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Gosling, Amanda Karen. "A case study of Bigodi Wetland Sanctuary as a community driven Community-Based Natural Resource Management initiative : maintaining livelihoods and wetland health." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007065.

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Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) is considered a win-win approach to reconcile conservation with natural resource use. CBNRM aims to accomplish conservation whilst prioritising development and contributing to poverty alleviation. This study analysed the different components of a CBNRM initiative, Bigodi Wetland Sanctuary (BWS), located in western Uganda. The study was carried out by interviewing the managing committee members (n= 8) as well as local households (n= 68) regarding the manner in which the project works, and the associated benefits and constraints. The main management issues recognised were a lack of monitoring and committee cohesiveness. The information gathered through the household survey enabled the calculation of the value of local livelihood options. This was done on the premise that conservation is better accepted when land users realise the economic value of natural resources. The average annual value of household livelihoods was represented by 30% crop production, 57% natural resource use, and 13% livestock. Lastly, wetland assessments were performed using the WET-Health and WET-EcoServices methodologies from the Wetland Management Series. These assessments indicated that the impacts of local livelihoods on the wetland were currently low but potential issues could arise with the increasing human population density. Ultimately, BWS presents both environmental and social costs and benefits. With a detailed and interdisciplinary method specific recommendations of improvement can be made to reduce such costs and further reconcile the conservation of Bigodi Wetland with local natural resource use..
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Long, Jonathan W., and Candy S. Lupe. "A Process for Planning and Evaluating Success of Riparian-Wetland Restoration Projects on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296504.

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Silima, Vhangani. "A review of stakeholder interests and participation in the sustainable use of communal wetlands : the case of the Lake Fundudzi catchment in Limpopo Province, South Africa /." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/915/.

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Books on the topic "Wetland resources"

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David, Lee, and Utah. Division of Wildlife Resources., eds. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources central region wetlands conservation strategy. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, 2001.

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Zelazny, J. Increasing our Wetland Resources. Edited by Feierabend J. S. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Ali, M. Youssouf. Wetland resources management and use in Chanda Beel: Utilization, management and monitoring of aquatic biological resources of Chanda Beel, a wetland in South Central Region of Bangladesh. Dhaka: Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, 1998.

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D, Fretwell J., Williams John S, Redman Phillip J, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. National water summary on wetland resources. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1996.

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L, Fry Kimberly, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Supplemental reference list for the National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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L, Fry Kimberly, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Supplemental reference list for the National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Xidong, Pan, and Guan Jiaxing, eds. Wenzhou shi di zi yuan. Beijing: Zhongguo lin ye chu ban she, 2006.

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D, Dreyer Glenn, and Caplis Marcianna, eds. Living resources and habitats of the lower Connecticut River. New London, Conn: Connecticut College Arboretum, 2001.

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M, Hektner Mary, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and United States. National Park Service, eds. Wetland resources of Yellowstone National Park. [Denver, Colo.?: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2000.

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Adams, D. Briane. Puerto Rico: Humedales. [Washington, D.C.?: Servico Geológico de los Estados Unidos, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wetland resources"

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Vest, Josh L., David A. Haukos, Neal D. Niemuth, Casey M. Setash, James H. Gammonley, James H. Devries, and David K. Dahlgren. "Waterfowl and Wetland Birds." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 417–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_13.

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AbstractThe future of wetland bird habitat and populations is intrinsically connected with the conservation of rangelands in North America. Many rangeland watersheds are source drainage for some of the highest functioning extant wetlands. The Central and Pacific Flyways have significant overlap with available rangelands in western North America. Within these flyways, the importance of rangeland management has become increasingly recognized by those involved in wetland bird conservation. Within the array of wetland bird species, seasonal habitat needs are highly variable. During the breeding period, nest survival is one of the most important drivers of population growth for many wetland bird species and rangelands often provide quality nesting cover. Throughout spring and fall, rangeland wetlands provide key forage resources that support energetic demands needed for migration. In some areas, stock ponds developed for livestock water provide migration stopover and wintering habitat, especially in times of water scarcity. In the Intermountain West, drought combined with water demands from agriculture and human population growth are likely headed to an ecological tipping point for wetland birds and their habitat in the region. In the Prairie Pothole Region, conversion of rangeland and draining of wetlands for increased crop production remains a significant conservation issue for wetland birds and other wildlife. In landscapes dominated by agricultural production, rangelands provide some of the highest value ecosystem services, including water quality and wetland function. Recent research has shown livestock grazing, if managed properly, is compatible and at times beneficial to wetland bird habitat needs. Either directly, or indirectly, wetland bird populations and their habitat needs are supported by healthy rangelands. In the future, rangeland and wetland bird managers will benefit from increased collaboration to aid in meeting ultimate conservation objectives.
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Birol, Ekin, Phoebe Koundouri, and Yiannis Koundouris. "Water Resources Management and Wetland Conservation: The Case of Akrotiri Wetland in Cyprus." In Water Resources Allocation, 141–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9825-2_10.

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Overton, Ian. "Environmental Flows and Integrated Water Resources Management." In The Wetland Book, 1–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6172-8_351-1.

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Overton, Ian. "Environmental Flows and Integrated Water Resources Management." In The Wetland Book, 1869–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9659-3_351.

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Gearey, Benjamin. "Archaeological Resources and the Protection of Cultural Services." In The Wetland Book, 1–5. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6172-8_240-1.

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Egidarev, Evgeny, Eugene Simonov, and Yury Darman. "Amur-Heilong River Basin: Overview of Wetland Resources." In The Wetland Book, 1–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6173-5_7-2.

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Egidarev, Evgeny, Eugene Simonov, and Yury Darman. "Amur-Heilong River Basin: Overview of Wetland Resources." In The Wetland Book, 1485–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4001-3_7.

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Gearey, Benjamin. "Archaeological Resources and the Protection of Cultural Services." In The Wetland Book, 1391–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9659-3_240.

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Birol, Ekin, Phoebe Koundouri, and Yiannis Koundouris. "Erratum to: Chapter 10 Water Resources Management and Wetland Conservation: The Case of Akrotiri Wetland in Cyprus." In Water Resources Allocation, E1. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9825-2_12.

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Kosgei, J. R. "Wetland Characterization and Implications on Agriculture in L. Victoria Basin." In Water Resources Management, 251–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5711-3_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wetland resources"

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Hylton, Travis W. "Kawainui Marsh Wetland Restoration." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)310.

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Thalhamer, Michael G., and Nichole Baker. "One Wetland at a Time." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)593.

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Sima, S., and M. Tajrishy. "Water Allocation for Wetland Environmental Water Requirements: The Case of Shadegan Wetland, Jarrahi Catchment, Iran." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)87.

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Rogers, J. S., and C. H. Wu. "Hydrology, Hydrodynamics, and Sediment Transport Investigation in a Small Wetland: Upper Dorn Creek Wetland, Wisconsin." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)625.

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Bian, Linlong, Zeda Yin, Vivek Verma, William Campbel, Arturo S. Leon, and Assefa M. Melesse. "Estimating the Potential Wetland Storage Capacity for Flood Mitigation by Using Deterministic Topographic Wetland Index." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2022. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784484258.116.

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Lal, M. Wasantha, Jason Godin, and Walter Wilcox. "Application of Regional Simulation Model (RSM) to Simulate Flow through Wetlands and Support Wetland Management Decisions." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481431.010.

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Polasik, Stanley D. "Performance of the Bonita Channel Wetland Mitigation Area." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)348.

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Lin, Hui, Haitao Jing, and Lianpeng Zhang. "Wetland resources investigation based on 3S technology." In Geoinformatics 2008 and Joint Conference on GIS and Built Environment: Monitoring and Assessment of Natural Resources and Environments, edited by Lin Liu, Xia Li, Kai Liu, Xinchang Zhang, and Yong Lao. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.813025.

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Minoranskiy, Viktor A., Ali M. Uzdenov, Vasiliy I. Dankov, and Yuliya V. Malinovskaya. "WETLANDS OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE IN THE ROSTOV REGION AND ISSUES OF CONSERVATION OF THEIR BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES." In Treshnikov readings – 2022 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-88-4-2022-154-156.

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In the Rostov Region, wetlands of international importance include the Veselovsky Reservoir and Lake Manych-Gudilo. The history of the creation of these reservoirs, their importance in the life of the population is given. Attention is paid to changes in economic activity in wetland areas, the impact of these changes on biodiversity. The article examines the experience of the Association «Wildlife of the steppe», the biosphere reserve «Rostovsky», hunting farms «Argamak-R» and LLC «Agrosoyuz «Donskoy» for the restoration of biodiversity and bioresources. Recommendations on the conservation and reproduction of biological resources are given.
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Bodnaruk, L. E., S. Edwini-Bonsu, A. Kwan, L. Maslen, and J. Tan. "Wetland Protection in Edmonton—A Drainage Initiative." In World Environmental And Water Resources Congress 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412312.251.

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Reports on the topic "Wetland resources"

1

Stimmel, Elisabeth, Peter Goodwin, and Diane Menuz. Updated Wetland Mapping in Cache County. Utah Geological Survey, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/c-133.

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The Utah Geological Survey (UGS) recently updated wetland mapping in Cache County to provide accurate spatial data for responsible urban growth and resource management. The updated mapping identifies wetlands, waterbodies, and riparian areas as part of the National Wetland Inventory (NWI) dataset and includes new, more detailed information. The updated mapping can be viewed on the NWI Wetlands Mapper or the Utah Wetlands Mapper (see Additional Resources).
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Saluja, Ridhi, and Thanapon Piman. The wetlands of the lower Songkhram River basin need collaborative conservation. Stockholm Environment Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.029.

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The wetlands of the lower Songkhram River basin are protected as a Ramsar site and a regional environmental asset, but they are under threat from numerous factors related to developmental activities. The lower Songkhram River is the last free-flowing tributary of the Mekong River and is a lifeline for over 14 000 households and a haven to many endemic biodiversity species. Local communities in the region have unique associations with the natural resources in the river basin, including the wetlands, and they perceive immense value in conserving these ecosystems. Natural resource policies lack specific guidelines and collaborative approaches for the protection, conservation and management of the wetland resources of the lower Songkhram River. The way forward should be led by a synchronized planning process, collaborative governance of the wetland resources, and empowerment of already existing local community groups.
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Staffen, Amy, Ryan P. O'Connor, Sarah E. Johnson, P. Danielle Shannon, Jason Fleener, Kelly Kearns, Hannah Panci, Mariquita Sheehan, Aaron Volkening, and Matthew Zine. Climate adaptation strategies and approaches for conservation and management of non-forested wetlands. Houghton, MI: USDA Northern Forests Climate Hub, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2019.8228725.ch.

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In a collaborative effort to advance climate adaptation resources available to wetland practitioners, the Wisconsin Initiative on Climate Change Impacts (WICCI) and the Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science (NIACS) have partnered to create adaptation resources for non-forested wetland management. This effort is also supported by the USDA Northern Forests Climate Hub. This publication provides perspectives, information, resources, and tools to wetland managers and natural resource professionals in the Midwest and Northeast regions of the United States as they endeavor to adapt natural communities and ecosystems to the anticipated effects of climate change. In this publication, we identify potential strategies and approaches that facilitate climate adaptation while meeting wetland conservation or restoration management goals and objectives. Adaptation strategies and approaches are intended to build upon current management actions that work to sustain ecosystems over the long term and support site goals while also adjusting systems to changing conditions. While it is beyond the scope of this publication to comprehensively address all potential adaptation tactics applicable to the conservation of wetlands, we provide examples to guide thinking, recognizing that individual wetland management projects have unique goals. Wetland professionals, reliant on their expertise and judgement, can use the adaptation strategies and approaches presented in this document to develop custom adaptation tactics based on the local conditions
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Struthers, Kim. Natural resource conditions at Fort Pulaski National Monument: Findings and management considerations for selected resources. National Park Service, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2300064.

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The National Park Service (NPS) Water Resources Division’s Natural Resource Condition Assessment (NRCA) Program initiated an NRCA project with Fort Pulaski National Monument (FOPU) in 2022. The purpose of an NRCA is to synthesize information related to the primary drivers and stressors affecting natural resource conditions at a park and to report conditions for natural resource topics selected by park managers. Resource conditions are evaluated as either a condition assessment or a gap analysis, depending on data availability. For FOPU’s NRCA, managers selected salt marsh, shorebirds, Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), and butterflies as the focal resources. FOPU is comprised of two islands in coastal Georgia, McQueens and Cockspur, which are separated by the Savannah River near its confluence with the Atlantic Ocean. Cockspur Island contains the 19th century masonry fort, Fort Pulaski, and the monument’s visitor services and facilities and is primarily constructed with dredge material from the Savannah River. McQueens Island is almost entirely salt marsh habitat and most of its area is eligible federal wilderness, containing one of Georgia’s oyster recreational harvest areas (RHAs), Oyster Creek RHA. Both McQueens and Cockspur islands are designated as a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Marine Protected Area (MPA), underscoring FOPU’s natural resource significance. Riverine, freshwater, and estuarine wetlands cover 83.81% of FOPU, with the latter accounting for almost 99% of all monument wetlands. Persistently emergent vegetation of smooth cordgrasses (Spartina spp.) and unconsolidated shore represent the dominant wetland types. McQueens Island estuarine wetlands were evaluated for 11 functions and were rated primarily as high functioning, except for the wetland north of Highway 80, where the causeway has altered its ability to function properly. The wetland west of the Highway 80 bend is composed of unconsolidated material so was rated as moderately functioning in carbon sequestration, retention of sediments, and shore stabilization. In contrast, the unconsolidated shore wetland in the Oyster Creek RHA, where the highest concentration of FOPU’s oysters occurs, were rated high for all expected wetland functions. In 2013, over 75% of the total oyster area from within four of Georgia’s RHAs was in the Oyster Creek RHA. A spectral analysis of oyster density in Oyster Creek RHA, comparing 2013 and 2018 images, reported an increase in the high-density class, a decrease in the moderate-low class, and an increase in the no oyster class, with the latter likely a function of how oyster areas were drawn between the images. A successful 2013 enhanced reef project in Oyster Creek RHA reported a pre-enhancement oyster area of 2.68 m2 (28.8 ft2) that increased to 894.2 m2 (0.22 ac) of oysters by 2018. FOPU’s extensive salt marsh habitat and beaches provide critical food sources and habitat for shorebirds in the Atlantic Flyway, especially during the pre-breeding season. The American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliates), Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus), and the federally threatened rufa subspecies of Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa) are identified as high priority species in the flyway and have been observed on Cockspur Island during the Manomet International Shorebird Surveys (2019–2022) at FOPU. The USFWS (2023) is seeking additional critical habitat designation, which will include Cockspur Island, for the rufa subspecies of Red Knot, whose estimated population abundance trend is declining throughout its entire range. FOPU’s non-wetland, upland habitat is primarily located on Cockspur Island and supports vegetation that can serve as host, roost and/or nectar plants for pollinators, especially butterflies. Cedar–Live Oak–Cabbage Palmetto (Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola–Q. virginiana–Sabal palmetto) Marsh Hammock and Cabbage Palmetto Woodland contain the most diversity of beneficial butterfly plants. While a comprehensive butterfly inventory is needed, fall migration surveys have recorded three target species of the Butterflies of the Atlantic Flyway (BAFA): monarch (Danaus plexippus), gulf fritillary (Agraulis vanillae), and cloudless sulphur (Phoebis sennae). Collectively, FOPU’s natural resources are affected by the sea level, which has risen by 0.35 m (1.15 ft) from 1935 to 2022. Hardened shorelines, such as causeways or armored structures, are identified as the greatest threat to the salt marsh habitat’s ability to migrate upland with continued sea level rise. Erosion along Cockspur Island’s north shore is an ongoing issue and FOPU managers have been working with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to develop solutions to address the erosion, while also creating habitat for shorebirds. Several agencies routinely monitor for water and sediment pollution in and around FOPU, which, if managed collectively, can inform landscape-level management actions to address drivers that are influencing resource conditions at the ecosystem level.
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Pociask, Geoffrey, Brian Wilm, Kimberly Burkwald, Audra Noyes, and Julie Nieset. Results of IDOT Wetland Mitigation Needs Assessment. Illinois Center for Transportation, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/24-003.

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The Illinois Department of Transportation is required to provide mitigation for impacts to wetlands and streams under Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act and the Illinois Interagency Wetlands Policy Act of 1989, regulations that protect the function and integrity of wetland and stream water quality and wildlife habitat. These regulations are enforced by the US Army Corps of Engineers at the federal level and by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources at the state level. Permits are issued on the condition that compensatory mitigation for those impacts will be provided by the permittee prior to or concurrent with a particular project. As a frequent permittee, IDOT faces various challenges in meeting compliance with wetland and stream regulations. If these challenges are not met on schedule, construction projects may be delayed. The principal challenge is identifying and executing an appropriate approach to obtaining compensatory mitigation credits to offset wetland and stream impacts in advance of projects. Under this principal challenge, there are external factors that involve regulatory agencies and commercial mitigation credit vendors and internal factors that can be addressed through IDOT policy development and implementation. IDOT requested this special project to examine these factors, obtain feedback from other state departments of transportation regarding their compensatory mitigation programs, and to assess overall challenges to providing timely wetland and stream mitigation as well as potential solutions to address these challenges.
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Menuz, Diane, and Rebekah Downard. Opportunity for Improved Wetland Mitigation in Utah - In-Lieu Fee Mitigation Potential in Utah. Utah Geological Survey, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-756.

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Wetlands play a crucial role in watersheds and provide critical ecosystem functions, most notably, water quality improvement, fish and wildlife habitat, flood attenuation, drought mitigation, and carbon sequestration. Wetlands in Utah are regulated primarily by the federal government under the Clean Water Act (CWA), which requires mitigation to replace ecological services that are lost to permitted activities. Utah House Bill 118 (2022) directed the Utah Geological Survey to explore the potential for an In-Lieu Fee (ILF) mitigation program to improve wetland resources in Utah. An ILF program would allow entities seeking CWA permits to pay a fee to mitigate impacts to streams and wetlands rather than having to develop their own mitigation plans. To research the possible consequences of an ILF, we conducted document research and interviews with mitigation practitioners and wetland stakeholders and analyzed ten years of permit data. Interview participants agreed that an ILF would improve the quality of wetland mitigation projects, which currently are often small, isolated, and overrun with weeds. An ILF would also improve coordination between the various entities involved in natural resource protection, permitting, and restoration. Further, permittees would benefit from an ILF because it would streamline the permitting process. Research and input from current practitioners showcased that there were many options for running an ILF program that can work for Utah, which has few permitted wetland impacts compared to other, less arid states. The most effective way to build an ILF in Utah is to support a full-time ILF administrator to establish the program and develop and maintain strong relationships with regulators, restoration specialists, and those seeking permits. Based on historical permit rates, such a position could be funded by program fees after the program is established. The future of a self-sustaining ILF program is uncertain, however, due to the recent Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supreme Court decision which limited the types of wetlands that are regulated by the federal government. The expected reduction in wetland permitting creates a more challenging environment in which to operate an ILF program because permit fees will likely no longer support a full-time ILF administrator’s salary. At the same time, ensuring high quality mitigation will be more important than ever because there will be more unpermitted and thus unmitigated wetland impacts, leading to loss in ecological functions. Given these considerations, we recommend establishing a position for a wetland mitigation and restoration coordinator who can explore multiple options to preserve and restore wetlands in Utah, coordinate among agencies, and begin to implement an ILF program at a rate and scale appropriate to the new regulatory conditions. By investing in a wetland mitigation and restoration coordinator, the state can support voluntary restoration measures to increase wetland functions while at the same time improving mitigation outcomes for permittees and projects. Together, these actions will lead to healthier, more resilient wetlands that will protect the quality of life for all Utahns.
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Goodwin, Peter, and Elisabeth Stimmel. National Wetland Inventory Report for the Provo River, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-755.

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This report summarizes a recently completed mapping project along the Provo River that covers nearly 33,800 acres of Wasatch and Summit Counties and includes parts of Heber City, Midway, Francis, and Woodland (figure 1). Rapid exurban and suburban development in these areas has replaced historically irrigated agricultural lands causing possible wetland resource conflicts and sparking local concerns about water quality impacts and changes to the rural nature of these communities. The Utah Geological Survey (UGS) developed the project in collaboration with the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Wasatch County, and Heber City to provide stakeholders with reliable, accessible wetland mapping data. The project aimed to meet several specific needs: provide an accurate inventory of aquatic habitats along the Middle and Upper Provo River critical for several state sensitive wildlife species and provide local and county officials with accurate wetland locations in rapidly developing areas along Jordanelle Reservoir and in agricultural areas between Heber City and the Provo River. These areas are locally called the North and South Fields, with State Route 113 between Midway and Heber Cities dividing the two areas.
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Goodwin, Peter. Metadata Report for 2022 Matheson Wetland and Vegetation Mapping. Utah Geological Survey, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-748.

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The Scott and Norma Matheson Wetlands Preserve (the Preserve) occupies nearly 900 acres between the Colorado River and city of Moab, Utah, and encompasses an extensive floodplain-wetland complex that provides several unique functions in the arid west such as recreation, educational opportunities, and crucial aquatic habitats for sensitive wildlife species. The ability of the Preserve to provide these functions is related to water supplies from surrounding groundwater and surface water systems and is likely to be affected by upgradient changes in water use and delivery to the Preserve. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources (UDWR) jointly manage the Preserve and contracted the Utah Geological Survey (UGS) to conduct a multi-year study that would better inform managers with the baseline data, research, and monitoring necessary to evaluate potential impacts and develop strategies that maintain the ecological health of the Preserve. As part of this multi-year study, the UGS mapped vegetation communities to reflect current habitat and conditions and serve as a baseline for further groundwater studies, remote sensing analyses, or management actions.
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9

Vuille, Mathias. Climate Change and Water Resources in the Tropical Andes. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009090.

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This paper describes the challenges surrounding current and future water use in the tropical Andes by first reviewing the modern and future projected hydrological cycle and anticipated impacts on environmental services provided by glaciers and wetland vegetation. The discussion then elaborates on the current tensions and conflicts surrounding water use from a social and economic perspective, and ends by focusing on the challenges ahead and looking at possible solutions for more-sustainable and equitable future water use in the region.
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10

Sparrow, Kent, Joseph Gutenson, Mark Wahl, and Kayla Cotterman. Evaluation of climatic and hydroclimatic resources to support the US Army Corps of Engineers Regulatory Program. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45484.

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Short-term climatic and hydrologic interactions, or hydroclimatology, are an important consideration when delineating the geographic extent of aquatic resources and assessing whether an aquatic resource is a jurisdictional water of the United States (WOTUS) and is therefore subject to the Clean Water Act (CWA). The now vacated 2020 Navigable Waters Protection Rule (NWPR) required the evaluation of precipitation and other hydroclimatic conditions to assess the jurisdictional status of an aquatic resource based on normal hydroclimatic conditions. Short-term hydroclimatic conditions, such as antecedent precipitation, evapotranspiration, wetland delineation, and streamflow duration assessments, provide information on an aquatic resource’s geo-graphic extent, hydrologic characteristics, and hydrologic connectivity with other aquatic resources. Here, researchers from the US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) evaluate tools and data available to practitioners for assessing short-term hydroclimatic conditions. The work highlights specific meteorological phenomena that are important to consider when assessing short-term hydroclimatic conditions that affect the geographic extent and hydrologic characteristics of an aquatic resource. The findings suggest that practitioners need access to data and tools that more holistically consider the impact of short-term antecedent hydroclimatology on the entire hydrologic cycle, rather than tools based solely on precipitation.
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