Relevant bibliographies by topics / Western zones

Academic literature on the topic 'Western zones'

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Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Western zones"

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Liu, Wei, and Xin Ling Dai. "The Western Urbanization under the Constraints of Restricted Development Zone in China." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 1317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.1317.

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The eleventh five-year plan for national economic and social development of China identified fours types of development priority zones. The twelfth five-year plan continues to emphasize the development priority zones strategy. This paper discusses the western urbanization in China in the background of four types of development priority zones. Through the interpretation of the restricted development zone, this paper analyzes the practical conditions and path selections for the western urbanization, concluding that the best path for the western urbanization will be the ecological economic urbanization under the constraints of restricted development priority zone’s policies.
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Watts, W. A. "Late‐glacial pollen zones in Western Ireland." Irish Geography 4, no. 5 (January 4, 2017): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.1963.1072.

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GRAHN, YNGVE. "Ordovician and Silurian chitinozoan biozones of western Gondwana." Geological Magazine 143, no. 4 (June 6, 2006): 509–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675680600207x.

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A formal Ordovician–Silurian chitinozoan biozonation for western Gondwana is proposed. This palaeogeographic province includes South America, and was located in medium to high latitudes during Ordovician and Silurian times. Ordovician chitinozoans are known from northern Argentina, southern Bolivia, and Brazil. Silurian chitinozoans occur in Brazil, northern Argentina, southern Bolivia and southern Peru. No published information is available about Ordovician–Silurian chitinozoans from Ecuador, Colombia or Venezuela. Altogether more than 150 localities (including wells and outcrops) are included in this study, and 154 species have been encountered. A biozonation based on the first occurrence of critical chitinozoan species is introduced. Five biozones are defined in the Ordovician (zones of Desmochitina sp. gr. minor, Conochitina decipiens, Eremochitina brevis, Lagenochitina obeligis and Tanuchitina anticostiensis), and nine in the Silurian (zones of Belonechitina postrobusta, Spinachitina harringtoni, Pogonochitina djalmai, Margachitina margaritana–Salopochitina monterrosae, Angochitina echinata, Eisenackitina granulata, Fungochitina kosovensis and the subzones of Sphaerochitina solutidina and Desmochitina cf. D. densa). These biozones are compared with known graptolite, conodont, acritarch and spore zones from the same area, and chitinozoan zones on a global basis.
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Padhye, Anand, Sheetal Shelke, and Neelesh Dahanukar. "Distribution and composition of butterfly species along the latitudinal and habitat gradients of the Western Ghats of India." Check List 8, no. 6 (December 1, 2012): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/8.6.1197.

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Distribution of butterfly species along the latitudinal and habitat gradients of the Western Ghats was studied. The Western Ghats was divided into 14 latitude zones and the species diversity in each latitude zone, along with habitats of their occurrence, were studied using the data from literature survey for the entire Western Ghats as well as data from personal observations in the areas between 14°N to 20°N latitudes. Out of 334 species recorded from the Western Ghats, 58 species were found in all latitudinal zones, while 5 species were reported in only one latitudinal zone. Further, southern Western Ghats consisted of more number of species and more number of genera as compared to northern Western Ghats. Latitudinal zones between 10°N to 12°N had most of the Western Ghats endemic species. Habitat wise distribution of species revealed three significant clusters grossly separated by the level of human disturbance. Evergreen forest habitats supported maximum number of species endemic to the Western Ghats.
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Briggs, Barbara G., and Allan Tinker. "Synchronous monoecy in Ecdeiocoleaceae (Poales), in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 62, no. 5 (2014): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14138.

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The Western Australian plant family Ecdeiocoleaceae includes only three species but DNA data show them as the closest living sister-group of the Poaceae. Ecdeiocoleaceae are wind-pollinated and monoecious; spikes produce separate zones of pistillate and staminate flowers, in acropetal succession. Spikes of Ecdeiocolea have up to 45 flowers, with a sequence of zones up the spike, commonly pistillate–staminate–pistillate–staminate–pistillate, with potentially high fruit set in both of the lower pistillate zones. Rainfall in their habitats in semiarid south-western Australia is highly variable and shorter spikes with fewer zones are formed in drought conditions. Georgeantha, with fewer flowers per spike, shows the same general pattern but fewer switches. Synchrony of zonal flowering gives an effective barrier to self-pollination, a form of ‘temporal dioecy’. All spikes on many stems of a plant flower with the conspicuous white stigmas of a pistillate zone or, at a different time, all with the yellow anthers of a staminate zone. Such synchrony is between the many spikes on the plant, not between plants in a population. Features of vegetative and flowering structures and habitat are briefly mentioned.
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Mukher, G., S. F. Kulagina, A. V. Goryachev, E. A. Pakhomova, and A. A. Gladyshev. "FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE AND OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL OF LOWER CRETACEOUS AND UPPER JURASSIC SEDIMENTS IN WESTERN AREAS OF WESTERN SIBERIA." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 5 (November 1, 2017): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2017-5-25-34.

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The features of the geological structure and oil and gas potential of the Bazhenov-Abalak oil and gas complex are discussed. Based on new geological and seismic data, using an integrated approach, the zones of distribution and the boundaries of thinning out of silty sand reservoir rocks of Vogulkinskaya strata were mapped, four traps and two zones (Ourinskaya, Eastern Tolumskaya), which are perspective for hydrocarbon deposits search, were distinguished. In Bazhenov horizon, the zones of development of anomalous sections and bituminous sediments were mapped, laying above Bazhenov formation, which are perspective for hydrocarbon deposits search. Recommendations for further exploration are given.
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Zhao, Dapeng. "Tomography and Dynamics of Western-Pacific Subduction Zones." Monographs on Environment, Earth and Planets 1, no. 1 (January 31, 2012): 1–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5047/meep.2012.00101.0001.

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Punlis, A. C. "Prograded low-temperature alteration zones, Forrestania, Western Australia." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2006, no. 1 (December 2006): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2006ab143.

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Ryan, Barry J. "Zones and routes: Securing a western Indian Ocean." Journal of the Indian Ocean Region 9, no. 2 (December 2013): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2013.847561.

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Takhirjanovich, Razikov Odil. "Genetic Types Of Rare Mineral Gold Of Western Uzbekistan (Southern Tien-Shan)." American Journal of Applied sciences 02, no. 12 (December 27, 2020): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume02issue12-10.

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The work describes the genetic types and conditions for the localization of mineralization - individual deposits and ore occurrences. Also, the indicated mineralized zones, the conditions of occurrence of the mineralization, the geological-structural position and the peculiarities of the host complexes. Descriptions of promising tungsten, tin ore, polymetallic, mercury and other ore zones, which serve as a reserve in expanding the resource base in the Republic, are given. Tungsten, tin ore, and mercury mineralizations are characterized in somewhat more detail, since the latter in the region under study is often spatially associated with gold and forms mercury-antimony-polymetallic mineralization.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Western zones"

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Major, Patrick. "The German Communist Party (KPD) in the western zones and in western Germany, 1945-1956." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239345.

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Watkins, Joshua Lee. "Economic optimisation of typical electrical microgrids in Western Australian industrial zones." Thesis, Watkins, Joshua Lee (2018) Economic optimisation of typical electrical microgrids in Western Australian industrial zones. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2018. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41922/.

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The objective of this thesis is to examine the microgrid concept as a viable economic alternative to the centralised electrical network in Western Australia when applied to industrial loads. The key focus was on formulating an economic optimisation model as it is applied specifically to new Western Australian industrial developments. The Nambeelup Industrial Area, located approximately 9 km northeast of the city of Mandurah, is the electrical and thermal load considered for this task. Analysis was conducted to determine a range of technically viable microgrid configurations that display economically superior characteristics when compared to the benchmark. This benchmark is a proposed $31.1M infrastructure upgrade to supply the Nambeelup Industrial Area through the Meadow Springs Substation which is part of the South West Interconnected System. Using HOMER1 software and the acquired industry data, a range of distributed energy resources (DER), energy storage systems, thermal recovery systems and varying states of grid connection were modelled over a 25-year project life. The studies show that the initial capital expenses of proposed microgrids were often many times the benchmark cost but had a decidedly lower project net present cost. Specifically, results revealed that increased DER penetration correlated with an average discounted savings of $350M over the project lifetime, which lead to an average payback period of less than three years when compared to the benchmark. Economically optimised architectures often featured combined heat and power (CHP) equipped gas-fired combustion generation with large-scale wind turbines. A final set of architectures were proposed based on their respective optimisation variables with a main featured configuration of a single 32 MVA CHP equipped gas turbine, an 18.15 MW wind farm and a 60 MWh vanadium redox flow battery bank installation. The featured system provides a more reliable and environmentally superior thermal and electrical energy source at a total net present cost of $411.6M which equates to a $47.97M per year project savings compared to the benchmark. Across the modelled topologies an average CO2 emissions improvement was observed of over 500 tonnes per year per every dollar invested. To financially quantify the environmental improvement brought about by this, a carbon tax was introduced to the optimisation model which shows that high DER penetration carries an economic benefit of over $2M per year due to decreased emissions. The economic and environmental findings underpin the microgrid concept as an advisable energy generation and distribution option for large-scale industrial and commercial energy requirements in Western Australia.
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Teigler, Bernd. "Mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry of the lower and lower critical zones, Northwestern Bushveld Complex." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005590.

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This study of the lower part of the Rustenburg Layered Suite in the Western Bushveld Complex is based mainly on drill core samples from three localities, which are approximately 130 km apart. The NG-sequence, situated in the northwestern sector of the complex (Union Section, R.P.M.) extends from the floor of the complex to the base of the upper Critical Zone. The sequence is ca. 1800 m thick and it comprises mainly ultramafic cumulates, namely pyroxenites, olivine pyroxenites, harzburgites and dunites. Norites and anorthos ites are present only in minor proportion. Within the upper half of the NG-sequence ten prominent chromitite layers are correlated with the LGI MG4-interval. Correlation is also established between published sequences and the two other sequences studied, located 8 km and 55 km, respectively, east of Rustenburg. Whole-rock chemical data (major and trace elements), microprobe and Sr isotope data are presented. Petrographic studies provide modal analyses and measurements of grain size. All petrographic, mineralogical and other geochemical data point to an origin of the cumulates of the NG-sequence by crystallization from liquids of the U-type lineage and derivatives thereof. No evidence is found for the involvement of parental liquids with a distinctly different composition or crystallization order (A-liquids). However, subtle compositional variations of the parental liquids are evident in slight changes of the Cr content in orthopyroxene or in variations of Sr isotope ratio. The NG-sequence is characterized by intervals with reversed fractionation trends caused by repeated influxes of pristine magma (during periods of high magmatic activity) resulting in a high degree of rejuvenation. These intervals are overlain by others with a normal fractionation trend, interpreted as cumulates formed in periods with low or no magmatic activity, in which fractional crystallization controlled bulk composition of the evolving liquid. The Lower Zone in the NG-sequence is dominated by a progressive shift towards more primitive compositions, while in the Critical Zone fractionation was the major operating process in the magma chamber. However, during deposition of the pyroxenitic lower Critical Zone several replenishment events occurred, during which fresh Cr-rich magma was emplaced. Massive chromitite layers were deposited after mixing between the newly emplaced magma and the resident residual liquid shifted bulk compositions into the primary field of chrome-spinel. Cumulus plagioclase crystallized after bulk composition of the residual liquid was driven to the orthopyroxene plagioclase cotectic by continued fractional crystallization; this occurred once in the Lower Zone, yielding a single, thin norite layer, and again in the upper Critical Zone of the NG-sequence. A facies model is proposed based on the stratigraphic and compositional variations along strike in the Western Bushveld Complex. This model explains the variations by means of the position of the sequence with regard to a feeder system. The olivine- and orthopyroxene-rich, but plagioclase-poor NG-sequence represents the proximal facies, while the SF-sequence (poor in ferromagnesian phases, but plagioclase-rich) is developed as a distal facies, close to the Brits graben.
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Nahas, Elizabeth Leila. "Physical processes controlling circulation and frontal zones in Shark Bay, Western Australia." University of Western Australia. Centre for Water Research, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0011.

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Shark Bay is a large inverse estuary, located in Western Australia. It has a number of unique habitats that support important species. The dynamics of circulation in Shark Bay have an influence on the species that inhabit the region, on small, local scales as well as on large Bay-wide scales. Numerical modeling and field data were used to examine small-scale dynamics in relation to an important recreational fish, pink snapper (Pagrus auratus). Icthyoplankton surveys collected and recorded egg density in regions where snapper are found. A barotropic three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was coupled with a two-dimensional Lagrangian particle-tracking program to simulate the passive transport of eggs through regions where spawning is known to occur. Circulation modeling results indicated residual flows on small scales that served to retain the eggs in the region where they were originally spawned. Results corroborate genetic work on adult snapper, which found no evidence intermixing of populations in Shark Bay. The numerical model was then further refined to run in a baroclinic mode. Simulations of salinity and temperature gradients were used to recreate frontal systems in Shark Bay. Frontal regions divide the Bay into a northern and a southern section as well as separate it from the ocean. Application of an analytical method for calculating front locations was consistent with the observed results and indicated that the primary forces determining frontal locations in the Bay are tides and gravitational circulation. Winds are a secondary influence, and solar heating is minimal in influence
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Crawley, Karen Ruth. "Detached macrophyte accumulations in surf zones: Significance of macrophyte type and volume in supporting secondary production." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1744.

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Detached macrophytes (sea grass and macroalgae) are transported from more offshore areas and accumulate in large volumes in surf zones, where they are commonly called wrack. In coastal regions in other parts of the world, wrack transported from one habitat to a second habitat can be considered as a "spatial subsidy" for the recipient habitat with significant consequences for community dynamics and food webs. The primary aim of this study was to determine the significance of the different components of wrack (i.e. sea grass and brown, red and green algae) as a direct and indirect food source and habitat for invertebrates and fish in surf zones of south-western Australia. The importance of different volumes of surf zone wrack to determining fish abundance and composition was also investigated. These aims were achieved by examining the food and habitat preference of invertebrates and the habitat preference of fish through laboratory trials and field experiments. Gut content analysis was used to examine the importance of wrack-associated invertebrates as a food source for fish, while stable isotope analysis (carbon, nitrogen and sulfur) and lipid analysis (lipid class and fatty acid composition) were conducted on macrophytes, amphipods and fish to determine the source of nutrients and energy. The composition of surf zone wrack in the region comprises large quantities of seagrass, then brown and red algae, with negligible quantities of green algae. Allorchestes compressa, the dominant macroinvertebrate in surf zone wrack, showed a preference for consuming brown algae over other macrophyte types. Similarly, stable isotope analysis from some locations and fatty acid analyses indicated that A. compressa assimilates nutrients predominantly from brown algae. The influence of brown algae on secondary production extends to second-order consumers. Allorchestes compressa was the major prey of juveniles of the cobbler Cnidoglanis macrocephalus and the sea trumpeter Pelsartia humeralis, the main fish species in surf zone wrack accumulations in the region. Detached brown algae therefore contributes most to the detached macrophyte - amphipod - fish trophic pathway in the surf zones, and thus drives secondary production in these regions and provides a crucial link between coastal ecosystems. Detached macrophytes also provide an important, but transient, habitat for invertebrates and fish in south-western Australia. Under laboratory conditions, Allorchestes compressa showed a strong preference for inhabiting seagrasses over macroalgae, iii however in situ caging experiments showed that A. compressa has a strong preference for brown algae, red algae or a mixture of macrophytes, but tended to avoid seagrass. Therefore, A. compressa showed a clear preference for different types of detached macrophytes as a habitat, with seagrass ranking below other types of macrophyte under field conditions. In contrast, neither Cnidoglanis macrocephalus or Pelsartia humeralis showed a preference for inhabiting different types of detached macrophytes as a habitat, but showed a strong positive influence by increasing volumes of wrack The species composition, densities and biomass of fish, which were dominated by juveniles, were strongly influenced by increasing volume of wrack in surf zones of south-western Australia. This study has shown that both the type and volume of detached macrophytes transported from more offshore regions subsidizes consumers and plays a crucial role in supporting secondary production in less productive surf-zone habitats of south-western Australia. The removal of large amounts of wrack from nearshore areas could have a detrimental impact on the biodiversity or abundance of macroinvertebrate and fish populations, which rely on wrack for food and shelter.
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Heibel, Yule Frederike. "In the fifth zone : abstract painting, modernism, and cultural discourse in the western zones of Germany after World War II." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26486.

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After the de-feat of Hitler Germany in 1945, modernist painting in a non-geometric, largely abstract style took hold in the western occupied zones of the country (1945-49), and flourished for all intents and purposes unchallenged as the foremost established style of painting during the early years of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949 through the 1950s). Most art historical scholarship to date posits this phenomenon in one of two modes: 1. Germany, enthralled by barbarism for twelve years, in the west opened its eyes to the modern painting of its European neighbors and of the United States, and via studious application, managed to catch up to those allegedly pre-existant standards; or, 2. Western Germany became a pawn of the United States in its Cold War struggle with the Soviet Union and its art "reflects" this. In contrast, my thesis shows that these views, while "tidying up" the contradictions of the period, in the final analysis are untenable since: 1. A static standard or "norm" of modernist painting had nowhere in Europe survived intact the upheavals of the earlier portion of the twentieth century— and in particular of the war; 2. The initial postwar period, from c.1945/46 through to 1948/49, cannot be described as a period of cultural "Americanization" because US cultural policy itself was at this time far from univocal ; and 3. Within Germany, many cultural opponents of Nazism, people who had been proponents of advanced art before the National Socialist period, were actively involved in forging a renewed culture of modernism. Far from being passive recipients, these artists, writers, and intellectuals were helping to create the new index of postwar modernism. Creating this new index took place within the context of great political and social insecurity within Germany as well as within Europe generally, and it took place within the context of renewed international—in particular Franco-German—co-operation. These conditions in turn affected the articulation of advanced art. My thesis then also suggests answers to the question of why the particular style of abstraction based on subverting form, rejecting non-objective painting, and employing archaic and primitive motifs, whilst eschewing all forms of didacticism or other direct address to the viewer, should become the preferred style of advanced painting in West Germany. The discussion includes the artists Willi Baumeister, Fritz Winter, E.W.Nay, Theodor Werner, Heinz Trflkes, and others. To answer these questions and to prove my conclusions, I employ a method of investigation based on a close reading of the critical texts relating to art and culture produced during this period, in particular as found in art magazines like Das Kunstwerk; a comparative analysis of concurrent developments in France and the US, notably similar questionings of traditional high modernism by French "informel" and "art autre" styles; and a re-examination of political movements and tendencies in postwar Germany which today have been largely forgotten, especially those socialist movements which strived for a unified and non-aligned Europe. The underlying assumption throughout is that the postwar period prior to c.1958/52 in western Germany was one of surprising cultural vitality and ferment which was, however, largely eclipsed by the more familiar image of an economically resurgent, artistically more complacent, and supposedly Americanized West Germany in the 1950s.
Arts, Faculty of
Art History, Visual Art and Theory, Department of
Graduate
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Khazaradze, Giorgi. "Tectonic deformation in western Washington State from global positioning system measurements /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6841.

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Bauer, Karolina. "Diazotrophy and diversity of benthic cyanobacteria in tropical coastal zones." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Botany, Stockholm university, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6572.

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Vice, Garrett S. "Structural controls of the Astor Pass-Terraced Hills geothermal system in a region of strain transfer in the western Great Basin, northwestern Nevada." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456425.

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Fiaschetti, Aaron A. "Assessment of ground water exchange in two stream channels and associated riparian zones, Jocko Valley, western Montana." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2006. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-03012007-100218/.

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Books on the topic "Western zones"

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Archer, Clive. Western responses to the Murmansk initiative. Aberdeen, Scotland: Centre for Defence Studies, 1989.

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Faroda, A. S. Agro-ecological zones of North-Western hot arid region of India. Jodhpur: Central Arid Zone Research Institute, 1999.

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National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.), ed. Western renewable energy zones: Meeting transmission challenges in the Rocky Mountain Region. Golden, Colo.]: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2011.

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Antonio, Villaseñor, Benz Harley M, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Subduction zone and crustal dynamics of western Washington: A tectonic model for earthquake hazards evaluation. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999.

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Antonio, Villaseñor, Benz Harley M, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Subduction zone and crustal dynamics of western Washington: A tectonic model for earthquake hazards evaluation. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999.

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A, Fisher Michael, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Crustal structure and earthquake hazards of the subduction zone in southwestern British Columbia and western Washington. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005.

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International YMCA Meeting on a Nuclear-Free South Pacific (1989 Apia, Samoa). Towards a nuclear-free Pacific: Report of the International YMCA Meeting on a Nuclear-Free South Pacific, Apia, Western Samoa 21-25 January, 1989. Kowloon, Hon Kong: Asia Alliance of YMCAs, 1989.

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McCarthy, T. K. Investigation of eutrophication processes in the littoral zones of western Irish lakes: Synthesis report. Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford: Environmental Protection Agency, 2001.

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McCarthy, T. K. Investigation of eutrophication processes in the littoral zones of western Irish lakes: Final report. Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford: Environmental Protection Agency, 2001.

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1955-, Turner Ian D., ed. Reconstruction in post-war Germany: British occupation policy and the Western zones, 1945-55. Oxford, UK: Berg, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Western zones"

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Friedrich, Anke. "„Western Diet“ und „Blue Zones“." In Ratgeber Multiple Sklerose, 145–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61663-5_16.

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Friedrich, Anke. "Western Diet and Blue Zones." In The Multiple Sclerosis Companion, 139–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67540-3_16.

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Bennett, Richard A., James L. Davis, James E. Normandeau, and Brian P. Wernicke. "Space Geodetic Measurements of Plate Boundary Deformation in the Western U.S. Cordillera." In Plate Boundary Zones, 27–55. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gd030p0027.

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Grinter, Lawrence E., and Young Whan Kihl. "Conflict Patterns in East Asia and the Western Pacific." In East Asian Conflict Zones, 1–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10053-8_1.

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Stein, Seth, Giovanni F. Sella, and Emile A. Okal. "The January 26, 2001 Bhuj Earthquake and the Diffuse Western Boundary of the Indian Plate." In Plate Boundary Zones, 243–54. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gd030p0243.

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Leonhard, L., K. Burton, and N. Milligan. "Gascoyne River, Western Australia; Alluvial Aquifer, Groundwater Management and Tools." In Groundwater in the Coastal Zones of Asia-Pacific, 359–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5648-9_17.

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Vilímek, Vít. "Climate-Morphogenetic and Morphodynamic Zones of the Western Cordillera in Peru." In Geoenvironmental Changes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, 117–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-58245-5_7.

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Hsu, Ya-Ju, Jean-Philippe Avouac, Shui-Beih Yu, Chien-Hsin Chang, Yih-Min Wu, and Jochen Woessner. "Spatio-temporal Slip, and Stress Level on the Faults within the Western Foothills of Taiwan: Implications for Fault Frictional Properties." In Mechanics, Structure and Evolution of Fault Zones, 1853–84. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0346-0138-2_14.

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Farbøl, Rosanna. "Ruins of Resilience: Imaginaries and Materiality Imagineered and Embedded in Civil Defence Architecture." In Cold War Civil Defence in Western Europe, 157–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84281-9_7.

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AbstractThis chapter examines ruin towns: civil defence training grounds that replicated urban war zones. The ruins provided a stage for enacting nuclear war, where the merely imagined was given a tangible expression. The chapter sketches the transnational extension-by-invitation of a British model of ruins to Denmark, and through architectural and historical analysis, it asks how it was re-embedded into a new national context and appropriated to local needs to become part of the common Danish civil defence landscape. The chapter, then, discusses how these ruin towns contributed to an affirmation of social norms and values, arguing that they caused a taming of the nuclear catastrophe as well as reflecting and reinforcing a specific political and historically situated understanding of social urban order and the good society.
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Farrer, James. "Shanghai’s Western Restaurants as Culinary Contact Zones in a Transnational Culinary Field." In The Globalization of Asian Cuisines, 103–24. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137514080_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Western zones"

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Qi, Qianru, and Iraj Ershaghi. "Fall-off Diagnostic of Eroded Zones during Waterflooding of Unconsolidated Formations." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/195376-ms.

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Moroni, Nevio, Fabio Vallorani, Carl Robert Johnson, Daniel Perez, and Javier Bilic. "Achieving Long-Term Isolation for Thin Gas Zones in the Adriatic Sea Region." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/92193-ms.

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Qi, Qianru, and Iraj Ershaghi. "Modeling of Injection-Induced Particle Movement Leading to the Development of Thief Zones." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200840-ms.

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Abstract This paper is a contribution to failure prediction of unconsolidated intervals that could have a negative impact on injection efficiency because of susceptibility to structural changes under fluid injection processes. In unconsolidated formations, formation fines may be subjected to drag forces by injected water because of poor cementation. This results in small grain moments, and continuation can result in a gradual increase in permeability and eventual development of washed-out or thief zones. This paper presents a new modeling approach using information from profile surveys and grain and pore size distribution to model the process of injection and the induced particle movement. The motivation came from field observations and realization of permeability increase from profile surveys and substantial fines movement, leading to an increase in rock permeability. A series of case studies based on realistic published data on pore and grain size distribution are included to demonstrate the estimated increases in formation permeability. In our modeling approach, once we establish the range of grain sizes that fits the criterion for particle movement, a probabilistic algorithm, developed for the study, is applied to track changes in porosity and associated variations in permeability. This algorithm, presented for the first time, considers a stochastic approach to monitor the reservoir particle movements, pore size exclusion by particle accumulation and their resultant changes in rock properties. For this methodology, we ignored potential effects of wettability and clay swelling, and considered perfect spheres to represent the various grain sizes. Predictions made using various realizations of channel formation and petrophysical alterations show the significance of having access to three sources of information; pore size distribution, grain size distribution, and profile surveys. Through inverse modeling using these pieces of information for a particular formation, we demonstrate how we can predict realistic changes and map rock transport properties.
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Laramay, S. B., R. F. Shelley, and W. B. Hatcher. "New Technology Improves the Performance of Borate Fluids in Low-Temperature Zones of the Belridge Field." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/24064-ms.

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Ma, Y. Zee, William Moore, Peter Kaufman, Yating Wang, Omer Gurpinar, Barbara Luneau, and Ernest Gomez. "Identifying Hydrocarbon Zones in Unconventional Formations by Discerning Simpson's Paradox." In SPE Western North American and Rocky Mountain Joint Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/169495-ms.

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Kim, Tae Wook, Sean Yaw, and Anthony R. Kovscek. "Evaluation of Geological Carbon Storage Opportunities in California and a Deep Look in the Vicinity of Kern County." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209340-ms.

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Abstract Geological carbon storage has a critical role to play for the US to accomplish carbon neutrality by 2050. In this work, previous studies of geological carbon storage are reviewed, redefined, and evaluated to focus on providing proper candidate storage sites in the Southern San Joaquin Basin. This study clarifies not only the CO2 capture and storage opportunity but also the potential economic benefit. A three-stage selection method is applied to a catalog of saline formations and hydrocarbon fields to qualify sites for additional in-depth study. The three stages consist of screening using geological criteria, defining exclusion zones, and qualifying sites (Callas and Benson, 2020; Kim et al., 2022). Exclusion zones define potentially unacceptable storage sites based on seismic risk, surface environment such as sensitive habitats, social, and economic aspects. Nine saline formations and 133 hydrocarbon fields were examined. The exclusion zones including faulted, seismically active, large population density, restricted lands, and sensitive habitats, were subtracted from hydrocarbon fields and saline formations. This process resulted in qualified sites. Finally, qualified sites were prioritized using a scoring system. The estimated CO2 storage resource in the qualified saline formations ranged from 16.6 to 52 GtCO2 whereas the estimated CO2 storage resource in hydrocarbon fields ranged from 0.45 - 1.15 GtCO2. Among hydrocarbon fields, 15 CO2-EOR candidate fields with storage resources of 0.36 – 0.88 GtCO2 are located in Kern County. Considering the scoring system, a total of 41 storage sites including 7 hydrocarbon fields were defined as target CO2 storage sites. The opportunities for 41 CO2 storage sites in and around Kern County were linked to selected large CO2 emitters in Southern California including Imperial, Kern, Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Ventura Counties. Finally, the prospective storage sites and emitters were analyzed technoeconomically using SimCCS to find optimal conditions to deploy CCS projects. Regional GHG emissions from oil and gas facilities such as EOR steam generators and CHPs can be captured and stored economically in geological formations as a result of LCFS and 45Q credits. The sensitivity of 45Q credit value and covered period are critical factors to incentivize CCS deployment. The deployment scenarios evaluated using SimCCS teach that the Southern San Joaquin basin is an excellent potential regional carbon storage hub.
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Koray, Abdul-Muaizz, Dung Bui, William Ampomah, Emmanuel Appiah-Kubi, and Joshua Klumpenhower. "Improving Subsurface Characterization Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212952-ms.

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Abstract The objective of this paper is to present a framework that applies machine learning to reservoir characterization. Machine learning applications in the oil and gas industry is rapidly becoming popular and in recent years has been utilized for the characterization of various reservoirs. Conventional reservoir characterization employs core data measurements and local correlations between porosity and permeability as input data for reservoir property modeling. However, a strong correlation between porosity and permeability as well as reliable core measurements are not always available. The proposed approach uses both well logs and core data to construct different models to predict permeability using three distinct methods including a parametric, non-parametric, and machine learning technique. The parametric method employed the known relationship between porosity and the natural log of permeability. The non-parametric regression method utilized the alternating conditional expectation (ACE) algorithm. The third approach involved machine learning workflow implemented within a commercial software. The reservoir was first classified into distinct hydraulic flow units using the flow zone indicator (FZI) approach and k-means clustering. Permeability was then predicted using a supervised machine-learning framework. A field case study was then utilized to ascertain the effectiveness of these approaches by validating the model with data from one of the wells. The results of these three approaches were compared using the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean squared error (MSE) values in the validation process. An examination of the error calculated found the support vector machine (SVM) and linear regression algorithms in characterizing the upper reservoir region and the SVM for the lower reservoir characterization yielding the best results when using the machine learning approach thus, yielding the least error as compared to the other two approaches. Additional validation was performed by comparing different models based on permeability fields through numerical model calibration to historical data. It was found that machine learning-based permeability had the least error compared to calibration data prior to the history matching process. The investigated reservoir consists of two distinct productive oil zones separated by an impermeable shale. There are 15 existing wells that have been producing from both the upper and lower zones since 1997. Using machine learning permeability-based model, the history matching process was conducted successfully to match both observed production data and pressure data of 15 wells with less than 10% global deviation. This study presents the feasibility of applying several different approaches in predicting permeability based on gamma ray, bulk density, and deep resistivity logs. The machine learning approach proves its high potential and readiness in supporting reservoir characterization and history matching compared to the other approaches.
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Bailey, John, Karl Karlstrom, Matthew T. Heizler, and Michael Williams. "INVESTIGATING HIGH- AND LOW-TEMPERATURE SHEAR ZONES IN THE WESTERN GRAND CANYON." In GSA Connects 2023 Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Geological Society of America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2023am-395071.

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Yang, Zhengming, and Alfredo Urdaneta. "An Integrated Approach for Developing and Applying Multiple PVT Model Zones in Thermal Compositional Reservoir Simulation." In SPE Western North American and Rocky Mountain Joint Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/169502-ms.

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Johansen, Steven J., James C. Engstrom, and W. Terry Siemers. "Recognition and significance of paleosoil zones in a heavy oil development program." In SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium and Western Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/86980-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Western zones"

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McKenney, D. W., J. H. Pedlar, K. Lawrence, P. Papadopol, K. Campbell, M. F. Hutchinson, R. E. Kramers, I. Rose, and N. Morisset. Plant Hardiness Zones of parts of central and western Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/294866.

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Pletka, R., and J. Finn. Western Renewable Energy Zones, Phase 1: QRA Identification Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/968196.

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McKenney, D. W., J. H. Pedlar, K. Lawrence, P. Papadopol, K. Campbell, M. F. Hutchinson, R. E. Kramers, I. Rose, and N. Morisset. Extreme Minimum Temperature Zones of Parts of Central and Western Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/294875.

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Edlund, S. A. Lichen-free zones as neoglacial indicators on western Melville Island, District of Franklin. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/120193.

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Frew, Bethany, Trieu Mai, Venkat Krishnan, and Scott Haase. Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Deployment Scenarios of the Western United States: Implications for Solar Energy Zones in Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1335807.

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Tella, S., B. A. Kjarsgaard, and D. Lemkow. Bedrock Geology of the western Churchill Province and Taltson and Thelon Magmatic-Tectonic Zones, Thaidene Nene MERA Study area. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/292450.

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Dafoe, L. T., K. Dickie, and G. L. Williams. Stratigraphy of western Baffin Bay: a review of existing knowledge and some new insights. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321846.

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Sedimentary basins within the Labrador-Baffin Seaway are the product of rifting between Greenland and the paleo-North American Plate. Rifting started in the Early Cretaceous, with seafloor spreading initiated in the Paleocene and ending near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. A change in the spreading direction in the latest Paleocene resulted in transform offsets in the Davis Strait and along fracture zones in Baffin Bay, with deformation in northern Baffin Bay during the Eurekan Orogeny. Since the stratigraphy of western Baffin Bay is poorly constrained, analogues are used from the well studied Labrador and West Greenland margins and exposures on nearby Bylot Island. The generally northwest-trending basement structures are infilled with Cretaceous strata, which are overlain by a seaward-thickening wedge of post-rift Paleocene to Middle Miocene sedimentary rocks. Finally, a thick Middle Miocene and younger interval blankets the deep water and oceanic crust, with clinoforms locally developed on the shelf.
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Jackson, D. G. Evaluating DNAPL Source and Migration Zones: M-Area Settling Basin and the Western Sector of A/M Area, Savannah River Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/786590.

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Whalen, J. B. Geochemical and isotopic (Nd, O, Pb and Sr) data from igneous rocks of the Notre Dame Subzone and adjacent tectonostratigraphic zones, western and central Newfoundland. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/291593.

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Hiergesell, R. A., and J. S. Novick. Use of a 2-inch, dual screen well to conduct aquifer tests in the upper and lower Lost lake aquifer zones: Western sector, A/M area, SRS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/469158.

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