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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Western tropical Atlantic

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Academic literature on the topic 'Western tropical Atlantic'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 15 February 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Western tropical Atlantic"

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Brown, Wendell, William Johns, Eli Katz, Kevin Leaman, Julian McCreary, Robert Molinari, Philip Richardson, and Claus Rooth. "A Western Tropical Atlantic Experiment (WESTRAX)." Oceanography 5, no. 1 (1992): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.1992.38.

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Zhang, Gan, and Zhuo Wang. "North Atlantic Rossby Wave Breaking during the Hurricane Season: Association with Tropical and Extratropical Variability." Journal of Climate 32, no. 13 (June 6, 2019): 3777–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0299.1.

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Abstract This study explores the connection of Rossby wave breaking (RWB) with tropical and extratropical variability during the Atlantic hurricane season. The exploration emphasizes subtropical anticyclonic RWB events over the western North Atlantic, which strongly affect tropical cyclone (TC) activity. The first part of the study investigates the link between RWB and tropical sea surface temperature (SST) variability. Tropical SST variability affects tropical precipitation and modulates the large-scale atmospheric circulation over the subtropical Atlantic, which influences the behaviors of Rossby waves and the frequency of RWB occurrence. Meanwhile, RWB regulates surface heat fluxes and helps to sustain SST anomalies in the western North Atlantic. The second part of the study explores the connections between RWB and extratropical atmosphere variability by leveraging weather regime analysis. The weather regimes over the North Atlantic are closely associated with RWB over the eastern North Atlantic and western Europe, but show weak associations with RWB over the western North Atlantic. Instead, RWB over the western basin is closely related to the weather regimes in the North Pacific–North America sector. The finding helps clarify why the correlation between the Atlantic TC activity and the summertime North Atlantic Oscillation is tenuous. The relations between the extratropical weather regimes and tropical climate modes are also discussed. The findings suggest that both tropical and extratropical variability are important for understanding variations of RWB events and their impacts on Atlantic TC activity.

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Oliva, Frank, Andre E. Viau, Matthew C. Peros, and Marc Bouchard. "Paleotempestology database for the western North Atlantic basin." Holocene 28, no. 10 (June 22, 2018): 1664–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618782598.

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Paleotempestology, the study of past tropical cyclone activity, has grown considerably over the past two decades, and there is now a relatively dense network of sites across the Western North Atlantic Basin providing records of past tropical cyclone variability. This paper presents a new database of paleotempestological records generated from 61 studies published between 1993 and 2018 for this region. A total of 266 data entries, consisting of the calibrated ages of individual tropical cyclone events and the boundaries of ‘active’ tropical cyclone periods from the present to 8000 cal. yr BP, along with the site names, geographic coordinates, proxy indicator(s) used, materials upon which dating was undertaken, and information about the depositional basin type (e.g. lagoon, mangrove), are included in the database for each site. The database is housed at the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) ( https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21391 ) and is available for free download. This publicly available database will permit a greater number of researchers to work on questions related to past tropical cyclone dynamics and more easily allow studies of long-term spatial-temporal tropical cyclone relationships to be undertaken.

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Miranda, Daniele de A., Juliana Leonel, Jonathan P. Benskin, Jana Johansson, and Vanessa Hatje. "Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Western Tropical Atlantic Ocean." Environmental Science & Technology 55, no. 20 (October 7, 2021): 13749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c01794.

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Chen, Tsing-Chang, Shih-Yu Wang, Ming-Cheng Yen, and Adam J. Clark. "Are Tropical Cyclones Less Effectively Formed by Easterly Waves in the Western North Pacific than in the North Atlantic?" Monthly Weather Review 136, no. 11 (November 1, 2008): 4527–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008mwr2149.1.

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Abstract It has been observed that the percentage of tropical cyclones originating from easterly waves is much higher in the North Atlantic (∼60%) than in the western North Pacific (10%–20%). This disparity between the two ocean basins exists because the majority (71%) of tropical cyclogeneses in the western North Pacific occur in the favorable synoptic environments evolved from monsoon gyres. Because the North Atlantic does not have a monsoon trough similar to the western North Pacific that stimulates monsoon gyre formation, a much larger portion of tropical cyclogeneses than in the western North Pacific are caused directly by easterly waves. This study also analyzed the percentage of easterly waves that form tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific. By carefully separating easterly waves from the lower-tropospheric disturbances generated by upper-level vortices that originate from the tropical upper-tropospheric trough (TUTT), it is observed that 25% of easterly waves form tropical cyclones in this region. Because TUTT-induced lower-tropospheric disturbances often become embedded in the trade easterlies and resemble easterly waves, they have likely been mistakenly identified as easterly waves. Inclusion of these “false” easterly waves in the “true” easterly wave population would result in an underestimation of the percentage of easterly waves that form tropical cyclones, because the TUTT-induced disturbances rarely stimulate tropical cyclogenesis. However, an analysis of monsoon gyre formation mechanisms over the western North Pacific reveals that 82% of monsoon gyres develop through a monsoon trough–easterly wave interaction. Thus, it can be inferred that 58% (i.e., 82% × 71%) of tropical cyclones in this region are an indirect result of easterly waves. Including the percentage of tropical cyclones that form directly from easterly waves (∼25%), it is found that tropical cyclones formed directly and indirectly from easterly waves account for over 80% of tropical cyclogeneses in the western North Pacific. This is more than the percentage that has been documented by previous studies in the North Atlantic.

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Zhang, Chidong, John M. Wallace, Robert A. Houze, Edward J. Zipser, and Kerry A. Emanuel. "Relocation of GATE from the Pacific to the Atlantic." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 103, no. 8 (August 2022): E1991—E1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0151.1.

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Abstract This article documents historically the planning of the Global Atmospheric Research Program’s (GARP) Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE), the largest atmospheric field program of all time. In its earliest planning, GATE was called the Tropical Meteorological Experiment (TROMEX) and was designed to be in the tropical western Pacific. For reasons including concerns of the U.S. Department of Defense, the international project was relocated to the tropical Atlantic and renamed GATE.

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Costa, Monica F., and Mário Barletta. "Microplastics in coastal and marine environments of the western tropical and sub-tropical Atlantic Ocean." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 17, no. 11 (2015): 1868–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5em00158g.

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Foltz, Gregory R., Karthik Balaguru, and Samson Hagos. "Interbasin Differences in the Relationship between SST and Tropical Cyclone Intensification." Monthly Weather Review 146, no. 3 (March 2018): 853–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-17-0155.1.

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Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the most important parameters for tropical cyclone (TC) intensification. Here, it is shown that the relationship between SST and TC intensification varies considerably from basin to basin, with SST explaining less than 4% of the variance in TC intensification rates in the Atlantic, 12% in the western North Pacific, and 23% in the eastern Pacific. Several factors are shown to be responsible for these interbasin differences. First, variability of SST along TCs’ tracks is lower in the Atlantic. This is due to smaller horizontal SST gradients in the Atlantic, compared to the Pacific, and stronger damping of prestorm SST’s contribution to TC intensification by the storm-induced cold SST wake in the Atlantic. The damping occurs because SST tends to vary in phase with TC-induced SST cooling: in the Gulf of Mexico and northwestern Atlantic, where SSTs are highest, TCs tend to be strongest and their translations slowest, resulting in the strongest storm-induced cooling. The tendency for TCs to be more intense over the warmest SST in the Atlantic also limits the usefulness of SST as a predictor since stronger storms are less likely to experience intensification. Finally, SST tends to vary out of phase with vertical wind shear and outflow temperature in the western Pacific. This strengthens the relationship between SST and TC intensification more in the western Pacific than in the eastern Pacific or Atlantic. Combined, these factors explain why prestorm SST is such a poor predictor of TC intensification in the Atlantic, compared to the eastern and western North Pacific.

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Yang, Haijun, and Lu Wang. "Tropical Oceanic Response to Extratropical Thermal Forcing in a Coupled Climate Model: A Comparison between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans*." Journal of Climate 24, no. 15 (August 1, 2011): 3850–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jcli3927.1.

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Abstract The tropical oceanic response to the extratropical thermal forcing is quantitatively estimated in a coupled climate model. This work focuses on comparison of the responses between the tropical Atlantic and Pacific. Under the same extratropical forcing, the tropical sea surface temperature responses are comparable. However, the responses in the tropical subsurface in the two oceans are distinct. The tropical subsurface response in the Atlantic can be twice of that in the Pacific. The maximum subsurface temperature change in the tropical Pacific occurs in the eastern lower thermocline, while that in the tropical Atlantic occurs in the west and well below the lower thermocline. The different responses in the tropical Atlantic and Pacific are closely related to the different changes in the meridional overturning circulations. The Pacific shallow overturning circulation, or the subtropical cell, tends to slow down (speed up) in response to the extratropical warming (cooling) forcing. The changes in the upwelling in the eastern equatorial Pacific as well as the shallow subduction from the extratropical southern Pacific along the eastern boundary are accountable for the eastern Pacific temperature change. The Atlantic overturning circulation consists of the shallow subtropical cell and the deep thermohaline circulation. A weakened thermohaline circulation will result in a strengthened northern subtropical cell, in which the change in the lower branch, or the low-latitude North Brazil Current, can cause strong response below the western tropical thermocline. Here the coastal Kelvin wave along the western boundary on the intermediate isopycnal level also plays an important role in the equatorward conveying of the climate anomalies in the mid-to-high-latitude Atlantic, particularly during the initial stage of the extratropical forcing.

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Álvarez-García, Francisco J., María J. OrtizBevia, and William D. CabosNarvaez. "On the Structure and Teleconnections of North Atlantic Decadal Variability." Journal of Climate 24, no. 9 (May 1, 2011): 2209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jcli3478.1.

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Abstract Decadal variability in the North Atlantic has been associated in the literature with a tripolar pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies that show one sign in the western midlatitudinal North Atlantic and the opposite in the subpolar and tropical North Atlantic. The present analysis of observed SST from 1870 to 2009 leads to the dissection of the SST tripole into two components, each with a different time scale in the decadal band and different teleconnections in the Atlantic basin; while the subpolar and tropical poles present quasi-decadal variations with a period of about 9 years, essentially uncorrelated with other parts of the basin, the center of action in the western midlatitudes is characterized by a longer time scale of about 14 years and significant correlations with the tropical South Atlantic and the Norwegian and North Sea(s). The 9-yr period variations are associated with an atmospheric configuration resembling the east Atlantic pattern, whereas the 14-yr period fluctuations seem to be related to the North Atlantic Oscillation pattern. Each component also bears a different relationship with the decadal variability in the Pacific Ocean.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Western tropical Atlantic"

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Pfuhl, Helen Anne. "Paleoceanography of the latest Miocene in the western tropical Atlantic." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621913.

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Dominici, Arosemena Arturo. "Community structure and patterns of diversity in reef fish communities in the tropical western Atlantic and tropical eastern Pacific." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98122167X.

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D'Alessandro, Evan K. "Early Life Dynamics in Tropical Western Atlantic and Caribbean Snappers (Lutjanidae) and Barracudas (Sphyraenidae)." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/491.

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Processes occurring during the early life of marine fishes encompassing the larval, settlement, and juvenile stages can have important impacts on recruitment and subsequent population dynamics. Yet these life stages remain poorly understood, especially in coral reef-associated species of commercial and recreational fisheries interest. Two years (2003-2004) of monthly sampling of 17 stations along a transect spanning the east-west axis of the Straits of Florida revealed consistent spatiotemporal patterns in larval abundance, growth, and mortality of several snapper and barracuda species. Much of the species-specific variability in these patterns tracked adult life history, and spatial (several snapper species) and temporal (Sphyraena barracuda) patterns in larval growth were related to larval food availability. While no patterns were identified in larval mortality rates, tethering experiments examining relative rates of predation on late-stage Lutjanus griseus larvae in surface waters of the lower Florida Keys revealed that relative predation rate and probability of predation in oceanic areas seaward of the reef was significantly greater than over reef or nearshore seagrass/hardbottom habitats. The combined effects of mortality during these early stages in concert with variability in early life traits caused selective mortality to be pervasive throughout the early life stages of snappers and barracudas. Patterns in selective mortality were investigated by tracking and repeatedly sampling several cohorts of larvae in 2007 and 2008, and for the first time in tropical reef fishes, linking young pelagic larvae with settlement-stage fish and juveniles. In agreement with the growth-mortality hypothesis, large size-at-hatch and fast larval growth conveyed a survival advantage in most species examined, but several switches in the direction of selection with ontogeny and over time occurred, and were contrary to this hypothesis. Consistent patterns of trait-mediated selective mortality lower trait variability in the surviving population, while inconsistencies in these patterns may contribute to the high degree of variability that characterizes these early life stages. Results presented in this dissertation help fill knowledge gaps critical to the understanding and modeling of dispersal and connectivity in several economically valuable snapper and barracuda species. In addition, the identification of life history traits important to the survival of individuals through the larval and into the juvenile stage, has implications for future management of these ecologically and economically valuable species.

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Alpert, Alice Elizabeth. "Little Ice Age climate in the western tropical Atlantic inferred from coral geochemical proxies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107317.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 156/Figure B-1 contains text that runs off the edge of the page margin.
Includes bibliographical references.
Paleoclimate archives place the short instrumental record of climate variability in a longer temporal context and allow better understanding of the rate, nature and extent by which anthropogenic warming will impact natural and human systems. The ocean is a key component of the climate system and records of past ocean variability are thus essential for characterizing natural variability and quantifying climate sensitivity to radiative forcing. Coral skeletons are high-resolution archives of tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs), but inconsistencies call the accuracy of existing coral proxy records into question. In this thesis, I first quantify the errors associated with the traditional coral thermometer, Sr/Ca, by comparing in situ logged SST with Sr/Ca-derived SST in four corals on the same reef. I show that intercolony disparities in mean Sr/Ca, amplitude of variability, and trend are not due to differences in water temperature, but rather to "vital effects" that result in a ±2° C uncertainty on reconstructed SST. I then expand, refine, and test a new paleothermometer, Sr-U, across multiple coral species and through time. I show that Sr-U captures spatial SST variability with an uncertainty of ±0.6° C. When applied to two corals outside of the calibration, Sr-U accurately captures the mean SST and the 20th century trend in the Western Tropical Atlantic. Finally, I apply Sr-U to a coral from the Little Ice Age (LIA) to address uncertainties in the magnitude of western tropical Atlantic cooling during a 95-year period spanning 1465-1560. Results suggest the region was 1.1° C±0.6°C cooler than the 1958-1988 mean, but within error of early 20th century SST at this site. Critically, several periods of warmth, equivalent to the 1958-1988 mean, occurred during a solar minimum that is widely believed to have been a cool period of the LIA. My results indicate that Sr/Ca exaggerates the actual cooling by almost 3° C. My record demonstrates the value of Sr-U and highlights the need for continuous accurate SST records to better constrain the amplitude, drivers, and mechanisms of LIA tropical climate change.
by Alice Elizabeth Alpert.
Ph. D.

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Oliva, François. "Multi-Scale, Multi-Proxy Investigation of Late Holocene Tropical Cyclone Activity in the Western North Atlantic Basin." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36679.

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Paleotempestology, the study of past tropical cyclones (TCs) using geological proxy techniques, is a growing discipline that utilizes data from a broad range of sources. Most paleotempestological studies have been conducted using “established proxies”, such as grain-size analysis, loss-on-ignition, and micropaleontological indicators. More recently researchers have been applying more advanced geochemical analyses, such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning and stable isotopic geochemistry to generate new paleotempestological records. This is presented as a four article-type thesis that investigates how changing climate conditions have impacted the frequency and paths of tropical cyclones in the western North Atlantic basin on different spatial and temporal scales. The first article (Chapter 2; Oliva et al., 2017, Prog Phys Geog) provides an in-depth and up-to-date literature review of the current state of paleotempestological studies in the western North Atlantic basin. The assumptions, strengths and limitations of paleotempestological studies are discussed. Moreover, this article discusses innovative venues for paleotempestological research that will lead to a better understanding of TC dynamics under future climate change scenarios. The second article (Chapter 3; Oliva et al., submitted, The Holocene) presents the development of the first database summarizing the most up-to-date paleotempestological proxy data available for TC reconstructions for the western North Atlantic basin. Subsets of this new database are then used to reconstruct TC variability in the western North Atlantic basin. Using our new developed subsets, we investigate a key hypothesis, the Bermuda High Hypothesis that has been proposed to have influenced TC paths over centennial to millennial timescales. Results show an oscillation in the distribution of TC landfalls along the North American coast, suggesting a centennial oscillation in the mean summer position of the high pressure system. We suggest that a more serious, millennial scale shift in the Bermuda High to a northeastern (NE position) may have occurred at ~3000 and ~1000 cal yr BP. The third article (Chapter 4; Oliva et al., under review, Marine Geology) presents a local multi-proxy reconstruction of TC activity during the past 800 years from Robinson Lake, Chezzetcook Inlet in Nova Scotia, Canada. Here, we are testing the more recent use of the XRF scanning approach to paleotempestology at a local scale. Two sediment cores were extracted from Robinson Lake that were dated by 210Pb and 14C, analyzed for organic matter content, benthic foraminifera and thecamoebians, sediment grain size, and a range of elements and elemental ratios determined by XRF core scanning. Results show two periods of low TC activity based on multiple proxies including XRF technology: one from ~1150 to 1475 CE (800 – 475 cal yr BP) and the other from 1670 CE (280 cal yr BP) to the present, with the intervening period from ~1475 to 1670 CE (475 – 280 cal yr BP) as a time of more frequent and possibly higher magnitude TC activity. The fourth article (Chapter 5. Oliva et al., in preparation, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences) explores the potential use of stable oxygen isotopes in tree ring α-cellulose to reconstruct past local TC activity surrounding areas of known TC strikes. Cores of 12 Picea mariana trees were extracted adjacent to Robinson Lake, Chezzetcook Inlet, Nova Scotia in order to test more contemporary and historically documented records of TC activity in this region as per Chapter 4. TCs precipitate 18O-depleted rain, leaving a unique signature in the source water that trees use to form cellulose. Using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA AR-1) model to detrend the data, local and regional time series were reconstructed. Local reconstructions led to most (> 95%) hurricanes and all major hurricane (± 1 year) being recorded in the isotope record, whereas the regional reconstruction shows no major hurricane, only a few hurricanes (< 40%) and one signal with a higher error (> 1 year). This thesis contributes to advancing our knowledge in paleotempestology of the western North Atlantic basin by: 1) bringing an up-to-date current status on paleotempestology, 2) the development and ongoing use of a new paleotempestology database for the western North Atlantic basin publicly available, 3) a local scale study using new XRF core elemental technology and 4) the exploratory use of tree-ring α-cellulose oxygen isotopic analysis based on contemporary and historical documents at local sites.

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SILVA, Marcus André. "Seasonal variablity of the heat and mass transport along the western boundary of tropical Atlantic." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/8228.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O Atlântico tropical compreendido entre 20ºN e 20ºS apresenta-se hoje como chave para o entendimento das mudanças climáticas na Terra. Duas regiões despertam particular interesse: A banda equatorial do Atlântico onde o sistema de correntes interage com forçantes térmicos superficiais e ressurgência de Ekman, como a área sudoeste do Atlântico tropical (05°S-25°S / 20°W-47°W), onde parte da Corrente Sul Equatorial (CSE) penetra pela borda leste e contribui com muitas das correntes de fronteira oeste ao longo da plataforma continental brasileira. Entretanto, a variabilidade da dinâmica nestas regiões, que se mostra importante por sua contribuição sobre o clima da região nordeste do Brasil, apresenta-se pouco estudada. O presente trabalho investigou estes importantes sistemas do Atlântico tropical utilizando o ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System). A primeira área de estudo compreendida entre 20°S-20°N e 42°W 15°E, com resolução horizontal de 1/6º e 30 camadas sigma (que acompanham o terreno). Variações sazonais do transporte zonal, estrutura das correntes e distribuição da TSM (Março e Agosto) obtidos numericamente foram avaliados e comparados com dados: de literatura, experimentais do PIRATA e observados por satélite. Os resultados desta simulação mostram que o modelo é capaz de reproduzir os principais aspectos da Subcorrente Equatorial (SE), Contra-corrente Norte Equatorial (CNE), Corrente do Golfo (CG) e os ramos central e norte dos sistemas de Corrente Sul Equatorial (cCSE/nCSE), em diferentes seções ao longo do equador. A comparação entre a estrutura térmica nos primeiros 500 m simulada e do Programa PIRATA mostra uma Camada de Mistura (MLD) bem reproduzida, particularmente, a ressurgência que induz uma MLD mais rasa verificada nas boias mais à leste durante o inverno austral até o final da primavera austral. A evolução sazonal do sistema Piscina Quente do Atlântico Sul (SAWP) Língua Fria (Cold Tongue) foi bem representado, que é importante para futuras previsões de variabilidade climática sobre as fronteiras continentais da parte sudoeste do Atlântico tropical. Do lado sudoeste do Atlântico tropical (05°S-25°S / 20°W-47°W), O ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System) foi utilizado pela primeira vez nesta área para simular a circulação oceânica utilizando uma malha de resolução horizontal de 1/12º com 40 camadas sigma, que acompanham o terreno, para resolução vertical. Para avaliação preliminar da configuração do ROMS adotada foram analisadas as distribuições superficiais e verticais de temperatura, além de calculadas as evoluções sazonais da camada bem misturada e dos balanços, atmosféricos e oceânicos, envolvendo a troca de calor dentro da camada bem misturada. A ordem de grandeza das componentes oceânicas (principalmente a difusão vertical e a advecção horizontal) é da mesma ordem de grandeza dos forçantes atmosféricos e quase sempre opostos entre si, com alguma diferença de fase e transporte dentro das camadas mais superficiais. Resultados de variabilidade interanual foram comparados com os primeiros dois anos de perfis de temperatura observados advindos dos três fundeios do programa PIRATA-SWE (Projeto PIRATA, Extensão Sudoeste). A estrutura térmica simulada nas camadas mais superficiais do oceano está em concordância com os resultados obtidos in situ. Resultados de simulação apontam para uma larga e relativamente fraca CSE, composta por uma sequência de núcleos não bem definidos e próximos a superfície. O transporte que flui para oeste da CSE nos primeiros 400 m de profundidade ao longo da seção que atravessa as boias PIRATA-SWE, calculado para simulação do ROMS entre 2005-2007, apresenta um volume médio transportado de 14,9 Sv, com um máximo observado em JFM (15,7 Sv) e um mínimo durante MJJ (13.8 Sv). Os resultados de simulação indicam que em 2005-2007 o transporte para oeste da CSE foi modulado pela variabilidade da componente zonal do vento. Três seções zonais, posicionadas do continente até a posição da boia PIRATA, confirmam transporte mais intenso da Sub-corrente do Norte do Brasil (SNB), fluindo para norte, e uma diminuição no transporte da Corrente do Brasil (CB),que flui para sul, durante maio de 2006 e maio de 2007, quando a bifurcação do ramo sul da CSE alcança sua posição mais ao sul. Por outro lado, o máximo escoamento da CB foi registrado durante janeiro de 2006, janeiro de 2007 e março de 2007, com um mínimo da SNB fluindo para norte em dezembro de 2005 e outubro/dezembro 2006, correspondendo ao período em que a bifurcação do ramo sul da CSE alcança sua posição mais ao norte (OND). A Elevação da Superfície do Mar (ESM) e a Energia Cinética turbulenta (ECT) superficial calculada a partir das simulações e dos produtos AVISO Rio05 apontam na superfície para os mais altos níveis de energia de meso-escala ao longo do ramo central da CSE e da SNB/CB. Resultados de modelagem ecológica usando o modelo NPZD acoplado com o ROMS confirmam esta região como uma área oligotrófica. Resultados do modelo ecológico são comparados com SeaWifs dataset e a dinâmica e a produção primária são localmente discutidos. Estes resultados preliminares disponibilizam mais informações diante da complexidade da região de divergência da SCE e encoraja-nos a conduzir estudos mais detalhados a respeito da dinâmica e do transporte de massa nessa região utilizando o ROMS. Este trabalho também apresenta a necessidade de continuação, ampliação e extensão vertical para o sistema de observação PIRATA-SWE, especialmente com medidas de salinidade em mais níveis de profundidade, além da instalação de medidores de correntes

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Fogarty, Christopher T. "A study of tropical to extratropical cyclone transition in the western North Atlantic Ocean, 1963-1996." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0018/MQ55057.pdf.

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Conroy, Brandon J. "Zooplankton Community Composition and Grazing in the Amazon River Plume and Western Tropical North Atlantic Ocean." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068157.

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Large river plumes and frontal zones are important physical features influencing plankton distribution in the marine environment. In the western tropical North Atlantic Ocean (WTNA) the Amazon River plume may extend over an area reaching 1.5 x 106 km2. The freshwater plume creates a low-density lens in the surface 25m and supplies silicon and phosphorus to the WTNA. These physical and chemical gradients create an ideal environment for large-scale blooms of diatom diazotroph associations (DDAs), a symbiotic relationship between nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and chain-forming diatoms. While the physical and chemical properties of the plume with regard to influences on phytoplankton have been reported, zooplankton distributions and the fate of enhanced primary production in the plume are largely unknown. I investigated mesozooplankton (>200 μm) composition and grazing in the Amazon River plume-influenced WTNA in spring (May-June 2010) and fall (Sept.-Oct. 2011). Changes in zooplankton distribution and grazing occurred over the sea surface salinity (SSS) gradient from low salinity and mesohaline plume waters to high salinity oceanic waters. Distinct communities were identified in each season along the salinity gradient with several taxa primarily constrained in the surface plume waters (e.g., Lucifer faxoni). The plume appears to function as an “extended estuary”, with a number of taxa (e.g., decapods, euphausiids, and fish larvae) utilizing the plume as a nursery habitat or dispersal mechanism for larval stages. Mesozooplankton grazing was elevated in plume waters compared to oceanic waters and was 2-3 times higher in the fall vs. spring. These patterns suggest a lag in the peak mesozooplankton abundance and grazing in response the observed spring DDA bloom, at least in low salinity plume waters. Comparison of micro- and mesozooplankton grazing along the SSS gradient supported a transition from an “export” food web in waters with SSS < 33 where mesozooplankton grazing dominated and potential for export via fecal pellet production is higher, to a “retention” food web at SSS above 33 where microzooplankton grazing was highest and recycling of nutrients in surface waters is predicted. Using molecular techniques to investigate feeding on DDAs and other N- fixers, I found that copepods consumed DDAs (Hemialus-Richelia and Rhizosolenia- Richelia, diatom-diazotroph respectively) as well as the colonial cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Investigation of mesozooplankton grazing more broadly on other cyanobacteria with 16S rRNA sequencing revealed consumption of Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus, and the unicellular diazotroph UCYN-A Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa. Together, these results have important implications for our understanding of biogeochemical cycling in the WTNA, and other regions with abundant DDAs (e.g., the Mekong and Congo River plumes).

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9

Costa, da Silva Alex. "An analysis of the water properties in the western tropical Atlantic using observed data and numerical model results." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2006. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/8558.

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Este trabalho apresenta uma análise de dados hidrográficos coletados em quatro campanhas oceanográficas do programa REVIZEE/SCORE-N. Estas campanhas foram realizadas durante os períodos de Março-Maio de 1995, Outubro-Novembro de 1997, Maio-Junho de 1999, e Julho-Agosto 2001, na área da Plataforma Continental do Amazonas e região oceânica adjacente. Esta área corresponde a Zona Econômica Exclusiva do Norte do Brasil (ZEE-N). As informações obtidas in situ foram complementadas com os resultados do Experimento ATL6 Projeto CLIPPER, realizado com a versão 8.1 do modelo numérico francês de circulação oceânica geral OPA. As análises dos dados hidrográficos permitiram descrever a variação sazonal e espacial das quatro massas de água encontradas na região: Água Costeira (AC), Água Tropical (AT), Água Central do Atlântico Sul (ACAS) e Água Intermediária da Antártica (AIA). Através das medidas observacionais e dos resultados numéricos foi possível avaliar o deslocamento da massa de água amazônica, que atingiu mais de 300 km de distância perpendicular à costa durante o período de máxima descarga do rio (Abril-Maio), mas que foi deslocada para Noroeste durante a época de baixas vazões do rio (Outubro-Novembro). Os resultados indicaram também que a ACAS sofre uma expansão de cerca de 70 m (49oW) e de 220 m (50oW) durante o período de transição das descargas fluviais, projetando-se sobre a plataforma. As análises permitiram identificar a descarga fluvial de águas doces, e o afluxo de águas sub-superficiais de máxima salinidade provenientes do Atlântico Sul, transportadas para a região pelo sistema Corrente Sul Equatorial (CSE)/Corrente Norte do Brasil (CNB)/Sub-corrente Norte do Brasil (SCNB), como os dois principais processos que contribuem para a formação das Camadas de Barreira (CB) na área de estudo. Durante Março-Maio, período correspondendo às altas descargas do rio Amazonas, foram observadas espessuras de CB da ordem de 50 m, governadas pelo estabelecimento de uma forte picnoclina induzida pela mudança brusca do gradiente de salinidade no interior da camada isotérmica. Na investigação dos principais mecanismos físicooceanográficos de conexão entre a ZEE-N e o Oceano Atlântico tropical, verificou-se a ocorrência sistemática de intrusão sub-superficial de águas do Atlântico Sul via SCNB, que após retroflexão (43ºW), alimenta as subcorrentes equatoriais (SCE e SCNE). As análises das estações localizadas mais ao Norte da região estudada (49ºW), e os resultados das simulações do Experimento ATL 6 mostraram a presença de águas provindas do Atlântico Norte na área de estudo, identificando a Sub-corrente de Fronteira Oeste (SCFO) (alimentada a 50ºW pela recirculação da CNE), como principal responsável pelo transporte das águas do Atlântico Norte para a ZEE-N

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10

Lussier, Louis L. "A multi-scale analysis of tropical cyclogenesis within the critical layer of tropical easterly waves in the Atlantic and western North Pacific sectors." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10565.

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A newly proposed tropical cyclogenesis sequence that describes the transition of a tropical wave's critical layer to a tropical cyclone is used to examine two formation cases in the western North Pacific basin. Typhoon Nuri (2008), formed from a precursor easterly wave during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 field experiment, and Typhoon Man-yi (2007), formed within an equatorial Rossby wave as it interacted with a monsoon trough. In each case, i) the critical layer of the parent wave protects a proto-vortex from an external hostile environment and allows it to strengthen until it becomes a self-sustained entity and ii) the intersection between the wave trough and critical latitude, within the Kelvin cat's eye, is the preferred location for tropical cyclogenesis. Numerical simulations suggest that the so-called "bottom-up" pathway to tropical cyclogenesis is favored within Typhoon Man-yi's critical layer. Additionally, Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) composite analyses of 55 developing easterly waves indicate that as genesis approaches, i) convection is favored in the Kelvin cat's eye circulation, ii) the convective contribution to total rain rate becomes dominant, iii) the radius of maximum convection decreases, and iv) a convective-type heating profile is present. These findings support the "bottom-up" development model within easterly wave critical layers.

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Books on the topic "Western tropical Atlantic"

1

Marie, Wilburn Anne, and Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories, eds. Hydrographic observations in the western tropical and subtropical North Atlantic Ocean: Atlantic Climate Change Program (ACCP) and Western Tropical Atlantic Experiment (WESTRAX) during 1990. Miami, Fla: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, 1993.

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Petuch, Edward J. Neogene history of tropical American mollusks: Biogeography & evolutionary patterns of tropical Western Atlantic Mollusca. Charlottesville, Va: Coastal Education & Research Foundation, 1988.

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A checklist of benthic marine algae of the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: First revision. Berlin: J. Cramer in der Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1998.

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A checklist of benthic marine algae of the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: Third revision. Stuttgart: Cramer, 2011.

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1956-, Wilson Douglas, and Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories., eds. Shipboard acoustic doppler current profiler data collected during the Western Tropical Atlantic Experiment (WESTRAX) 1991. Miami, Fla: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, 1992.

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A checklist of benthic marine algae of the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: Second revision. 2nd ed. Berlin: J. Cramer in der Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchh., 2005.

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Valdés, Ángel. Tropical Western Atlantic Species of Diaulula Bergh, 1878 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): With the description of a new species. Los Angeles, Calif: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 2004.

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Hydrographic observations in the western tropical and subtropical North Atlantic Ocean: Atlantic Climate Change Program (ACCP) and Western Tropical Atlantic Experiment (WESTRAX) during 1991. Miami, Fla: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, 1993.

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Harris, Sara E. The Atlantic, the Amazon, and the Andes: Neogene climate and tectonics viewed from Ceara Rise, western tropical Atlantic. 1998.

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Wynne, Michael J. Checklist of Benthic Marine Algae of the Tropical and Subtropical Western Atlantic: Fifth Revision. Gebruder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Science Publishers, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Western tropical Atlantic"

1

Petuch, Edward J., and David P. Berschauer. "Western Atlantic Region." In Tropical Marine Mollusks, 17–92. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003120070-2.

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Schwamborn, Ralf, Sigrid Neumann-Leitão, Simone Maria de Albuquerque Lira, Claudeilton S. Santana, Nathália Lins-Silva, Gabriela Guerra A. A. Figueiredo, Patrícia Silva Basílio Dantas, et al. "Zoo- and Ichthyoplankton Communities of Pelagic Ecosystems in the Western Tropical Atlantic." In The Latin American Studies Book Series, 173–229. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21329-8_7.

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Lozovatsky, Iossif D. "Sheet Splitting and Hierarchy of “Convective Plumes” in the North-Western Tropical Atlantic Salt Finger Staircase." In Geophysical Monograph Series, 237–50. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm094p0237.

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de Kikuchi, Ruy Kenji Papa, Zelinda Margarida de Andrade Nery Leão, Marilia de Dirceu Machado de Oliveira, Marcelo Oliveira Soares, Maria Elisabeth De Araújo, João Lucas Leão Feitosa, Caroline Vieira Feitosa, Carlos Eduardo Rocha Duarte Alencar, and Fulvio Aurélio Morais Freire. "Reefs of the Western Tropical South Atlantic Ocean: Distribution, Environmental Impacts and Trends on Environmental Suitability Due to Climate Changes." In The Latin American Studies Book Series, 111–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21329-8_5.

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"Provinces of the tropical western Atlantic." In Biogeography and Biodiversity of Western Atlantic Mollusks, 15–30. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14798-3.

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"- Provinces of the tropical western Atlantic." In Biogeography and Biodiversity of Western Atlantic Mollusks, 34–49. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14798-7.

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Elsner, James B., and A. Birol Kara. "Baroclinically Enhanced Hurricanes." In Hurricanes of the North Atlantic, 111–36. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195125085.003.0006.

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Abstract Hurricanes that form as a consequence of favorable middle-latitude baroclinic influences are termed baroclinically-enhanced. There are two sources of baroclinicallyenhanced hurricanes. A tropical depression or tropical storm may strengthen to hurricane intensity under favorable baroclinic dynamics at high latitudes or the initial disturbance leading to the hurricane may be baroclinic. In the later case, the hurricane is called baroclinically-initiated. It is important to qualify baroclinic enhancement with the term “middle latitude” because the tropical easterly waves-the seedlings of most tropical-only hurricanes-are frequently associated with north-south atmospheric temperature contrasts across western Africa.

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"The molluscan provincial concept in the tropical western Atlantic." In Biogeography and Biodiversity of Western Atlantic Mollusks, 1–14. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14798-2.

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"- The molluscan provincial concept in the tropical western Atlantic." In Biogeography and Biodiversity of Western Atlantic Mollusks, 20–33. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14798-6.

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Miller, J. E. "Viviparity in a psolid holothurian from the tropical western Atlantic." In Echinodermata, 472. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003079224-97.

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Conference papers on the topic "Western tropical Atlantic"

1

Kampel, Milton, Natalia M. Rudorff, Fabio Dall Cortivo, Lucas B. Freitas, and Larissa P. Valerio. "Satellite chlorophyll-aannual bloom characterization in Northeast Brazil, western tropical Atlantic." In SPIE Asia Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Robert J. Frouin, Delu Pan, and Hiroshi Murakami. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2073673.

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Macedo, S. J., S. C. S. Calado, M. L. Koening, V. L. Silva, and S. Neumann-Leitão. "Concentrations of heavy metals in macroalgae in the tropical western Atlantic." In WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wrm090191.

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Xu, Hui, Tina van de Flierdt, Mark Rehkämper, Dominik Weiss, Rebekah Moore, and Rob Middag. "Seawater Pb concentrations and isotope compositions in the western tropical North Atlantic (GEOTRACES cruise GA02)." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.15613.

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Rouyer-Denimal, L., A. Govin, I. Bouloubassi, A. L. S. Albuquerque, T. T. Nguyen Tu, C. Anquetil, V. Klein, and A. Huguet. "Evidence for Subsurface Warming in the Western Tropical Atlantic During the Glacial Terminations of the Last 300 Kyr." In IMOG 2023. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202333110.

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