Relevant bibliographies by topics / Western Buddhism

Academic literature on the topic 'Western Buddhism'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Western Buddhism"

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Ayusheeva, Dulma V. "The Problem of Dichotomy in the Classification of Buddhist Communities in the West." Study of Religion, no. 4 (2020): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2072-8662.2020.4.69-75.

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The article reveals the concept of “two Buddhisms”, which distinguishes two key categories among Buddhist communities in the West: “ethnic”, represented by immigrants from Asian Buddhist countries and their descendants, and “converts”, or adherents of Western origin. This division into Asian and non-Asian Buddhists is often described as one of the main features of Buddhism in the West.The author concludes that the existing concept in its current form is outdated and requires revision and updating. However, the recognition of such approach as “outdated” in the research of modern Buddhism in Western countries is akin to the recognition of the “outdated” real picture of Buddhism in the West, which even in its modernity demonstrates two different approaches to the implementation of Buddhist teachings. This attitude also leads to the loss of high-quality scientific tools in theoretical and methodological aspects.
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Hsu, Alexander O. "Coming to Terms with “Engaged Buddhism”: Periodizing, Provincializing, and Politicizing the Concept." Journal of Global Buddhism 23, no. 1 (July 7, 2022): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/lu.jgb.2022.1991.

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Whatever happened to “Engaged Buddhism”? Twenty years after a flurry of publication placing this global movement firmly on the map, enthusiasm for the term itself appears to have evaporated. I attempt to reconstruct what happened: scholars turned away from the concept for its reproducing colonialist understandings of traditional Buddhism as essentially world-rejecting, and they developed alternate discourses for describing Buddhist actors’ multifarious social and political engagements, especially in contemporary Asia. I describe the specific rise and fall of the term in Anglophone scholarship, in order for scholars to better grasp the evolution of contemporary Western, Anglophone Buddhisms, to better understand what Buddhists in Asia are in fact doing with the term, and to better think through what it might mean politically for us as scholars to deploy the term at all. In particular, I identify “Academic Engaged Buddhism” (1988–2009) as one hegemonic form of Engaged Buddhism, a Western Buddhist practitioner-facing anthological project of Euro-American scholars with potentially powerful but unevenly distributed effects on Buddhist thought and practice around the world.
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Wilson, Jeff. "Blasphemy as Bhāvana." Nova Religio 22, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 8–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2019.22.3.8.

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Over the course of the twentieth century, Buddhism came to be associated widely with peace, tolerance, and calm detachment in the Western popular imagination. This association was created in opposition to depictions of Christianity as violent, intolerant, and irrational. Buddhism, as the imagined perfect Other, held considerable appeal for counterculture seekers disenchanted with mainstream cultures. While many Buddhist groups played upon these stereotypes to enhance their image and support recruitment, one new Buddhist movement—the Friends of the Western Buddhist Order—went further, employing ritualized “therapeutic blasphemy” to eradicate Christian conditioning in their members and critique mainstream society. Such actions baffled many other Buddhists, but make sense when seen as efforts to heighten in-group solidarity, proclaim distinctive identity, and take the assumption of Buddhism’s superiority over Christianity to its ultimate conclusion. This article attempts to explain why Buddhists might develop intolerant practices, and to assess the costs and benefits of such practices.
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Baumann, Martin. "Culture Contact and Valuation: Early German Buddhists and the Creation of a ‘Buddhism in Protestant Shape’." Numen 44, no. 3 (1997): 270–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568527971655904.

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AbstractThis paper handles the question concerning the factors that control the degree of adaptability of a transplanted religion spread in a culturally alien context. It will be argued that the assumed superiority of both one's religion and one's culture are decisive factors for the willingness to adapt or to refuse adaptation. The theoretical issues will be illustrated by the adoption of Buddhism by its early German followers. Thus, the paper gives a brief survey of the historical development of the adoption of Buddhism in Germany. Characteristics of the early phases will be outlined as well as the state of affairs of Buddhism in Germany in the 1990's. Most remarkable is Buddhism's rapid growth which increased the number of Buddhist centres and groups fivefold since the mid 1970's.On the basis of this historic description a particular line of interpreting Buddhist teachings, that of a rational understanding, is outlined. The analysis of this adoption of Buddhism seeks to show that early German Buddhists interpreted and moulded Buddhist teachings in such a way as to present it as being in high conformity with Western morals and culture. This high degree of adapting Buddhist teachings led to an interpretation which can be characterized as a ‘Buddhism in Protestant shape.’ Buddhism was used as a means of protest against the dominant religion, that of Christianity, but at the same time its proponents took over many forms and characteristics of the religion criticized most heavily.
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Laudere, Marika. "Women contribution to the development of Buddhism in Latvia." SHS Web of Conferences 85 (2020): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208501004.

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Buddhism is one of the fastest growing and popular religions in the West which connects people of different ages and social classes. The significant role in the historical transmission of Buddhism to the West and in shaping a distinctively Western form of Buddhism has been played by Western women. Many of these women have gained attention for challenging traditional forms of Buddhism and adapting Buddhist teaching to the contemporary Western context. Others for trying to preserve traditional Buddhist teaching in new circumstances and establishing Asian Buddhist lineages in the West. As well all these women have engaged in a range of activities from teaching to translating, charity and social activism, to promoting Buddhism in the West.
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Schedneck, Brooke. "Western Buddhist Perceptions of Monasticism." Buddhist Studies Review 26, no. 2 (October 5, 2009): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsrv.v26i2.229.

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This paper explores the contemporary encounter between Western cultures and the Buddhist tradition of monasticism. I have investigated attitudes towards this institution in the forms of contemporary Buddhist memoirs, blog websites, interviews, and dharma talks. This article argues that the institution in general is not ideal for some Western Buddhists— it is seen by some as too restricting or anti-modern. Others find value in monasticism; they are aware of those who critique the institution, and offer instead a model that removes anti-modern elements that they see as problematic. As an extension of these attitudes, this article also draws on the issue of female monasticism. Western Buddhists argue that all women should have the choice to be ordained because this shows that Buddhism is modern. I conclude that Western Buddhists are interested in creating a modern, universal tradition, and this can be seen by analyzing conceptions about monastic life.
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Laycock, Joseph, and Natasha Mikles. "Is Nessie a Naga?" Bulletin for the Study of Religion 43, no. 4 (December 2, 2014): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsor.v43i4.35.

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In 2014 Lama Gelongma Zangmo of Scotland sparked curiosity when she suggested that the Loch Ness monster or “Nessie” is actually a naga––a fantastic creature from Buddhist mythology. Visitors to her Tibetan practice center on the shores of the Loch will be able to leave offerings to Nessie. Without exaggerating the significance of these offerings within the larger context of Zangmo’s practice, this article suggests that efforts to ritually incorporate Nessie into a Buddhist cosmology is an index of broader changes in Buddhism’s arrival to the West. First, Zangmo’s open discussion of cosmology, ritual, and supernatural beings is a marked distinction from “Protestantized” Western Buddhism, which has historically presented Buddhism as a rational and philosophical alternative to Christianity. This suggests that Buddhists in the West have become less concerned with conforming to Protestant notions of “proper” religion. Second, Zangmo’s praxis is significant to broader patterns of how Asian religions adapt to Western topography. Whereas Asian immigrants have sometimes re-imagined Asian sacred sites in Western countries, Zangmo was taken the opposite strategy of “Buddhicizing” a local monster. This suggests that similar transformative moves can be expected as a globalized world continues to transplant religious traditions from one continent to another.
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Soucy, Alexander. "A Reappraisal of Vietnamese Buddhism’s Status as “Ethnic”." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 12, no. 2 (2017): 20–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jvs.2017.12.2.20.

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In writings of Buddhism in the West, Vietnamese Buddhists have often been pigeonholed as bringing their Buddhism with them like baggage and replicating the practices of their native land. This paper problematizes this characterization by looking more closely at the way that Vietnamese Buddhism has been reconstructed in the diasporic context. I argue that many of the leading figures of this process were, in fact, heavily influenced by intra-Asian and Transpacific reformist trends and engaged in activist movements in southern Vietnam, rather than coming from “traditional’ Buddhist backgrounds. Furthermore, the orientations that they brought were the product of dialogues with other reform movements in Asia that started earlier in the nineteenth century and were, in turn, a result of the colonial encounter. Therefore, rather than a single transference from East to West, what actually took place was a multi-nodal and multidimensional conversation between Asian reformers from different countries and traditions, Western scholars, and Western converts to Buddhism. Consequently, what has been established in the West by Vietnamese is not simply an adaptation of Vietnamese traditional Buddhism to a Western context, but the creation of a new, invented tradition that we can call Vietnamese Transnational Buddhism.
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Kaza, Stephanie. "Western Buddhist Motivations for Vegetarianism." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 9, no. 3 (2005): 385–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853505774841650.

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AbstractBuddhist motivations for abstaining from meat-eating draw from a wide range of traditions. Theravada themes emphasize non-harming, Right Livelihood, and detachment; Mahayana themes highlight interdependence, Buddha-nature, and compassion; Tibetan themes consider rebirth implications for human-animal relationships. These and other contemporary themes overlap with traditional western arguments promoting vegetarianism based on animal welfare, personal and environmental health, world hunger, and ethical development. This paper surveys these themes, then discusses two studies based on survey data that indicate that western Buddhists and Buddhist centers have a wide variety of practices regarding meat-eating. The first survey reports on institutional food choice practices at western Buddhist centers. The second study reports on individual food practices among western Buddhists, with data on food choices and rationales for these choices. In both surveys, Buddhist principles interact with western arguments, leading to diverse decisions about what to eat. As interest in Buddhism grows in the west, Buddhist moral concerns regarding food could influence western food choices in a significant way.
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Langone, Laura. "Schopenhauer's Buddhism in the Context of the Western Reception of Buddhism." History of Philosophy Quarterly 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/21521026.39.1.05.

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Abstract In this article, I shall analyze Schopenhauer's conception of Buddhism in the context of the Western reception of Buddhism from the seventeenth century onwards. I will focus on Schopenhauer's notion of the Buddhist palingenesis and provide an overview of the Buddhist sources Schopenhauer read before the publication of the second edition of his main work The World as Will and Representation in 1844.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Western Buddhism"

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Eddy, Glenys. "Western Buddhist experience the journey from encounter to committment in two forms of western Buddhism /." Connect to full text, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2227.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2007.
Title from title screen (viewed 26 March 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Studies in Religion, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Eddy, Glenys. "Western Buddhist Experience: The Journey From Encounter to Commitment in Two Forms of Western Buddhism." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2227.

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This thesis explores the nature of the socialization and commitment process in the Western Buddhist context, by investigating the experiences of practitioners affiliated with two Buddhist Centres: the Theravadin Blue Mountains Insight Meditation Centre and the Gelugpa Tibetan Vajrayana Institute. Commitment by participants is based on the recognition that, through the application of the beliefs and practices of the new religion, self-transformation has occurred. It follows a process of religious experimentation in which the claims of a religious reality are experientially validated against inner understandings and convictions, which themselves become clearer as a result of experimental participation in religious activity. Functionally, the adopted worldview is seen to frame personal experience in a manner that renders it more meaningful. Meditative experience and its interpretation according to doctrine must be applicable to the improvement of the quality of lived experience. It must be relevant to current living, and ethically sustainable. Substantively, commitment is conditional upon accepting and succesfully employing: the three marks of samsaric existence, duhkha, anitya and anatman (Skt) as an interpretive framework for lived reality. In this the three groups of the Eight-fold Path, sila/ethics, samadhi/concentration, and prajna/wisdom provide a strategy for negotiating lived experience in the light of meditation techniques, specific to each Buddhist orientation, by which to apply doctrinal principles in one’s own transformation. Two theoretical approaches are found to have explanatory power for understanding the stages of intensifying interaction that lead to commitment in both Western Buddhist contexts. Lofland and Skonovd’s Experimental Motif models the method of entry into and exploration of a Buddhist Centre’s shared reality. Data from participant observation and interview demonstrates this approach to be facilitated by the organizational and teaching activities of the two Western Buddhist Centres, and to be taken by the participants who eventually become adherents. Individuals take an actively experimental attitude toward the new group’s activities, withholding judgment while testing the group’s doctrinal position, practices, and expected experiential outcomes against their own values and life experience. In an environment of minimal social pressure, transformation of belief is gradual over a period of from months to years. Deeper understanding of the nature of the commitment process is provided by viewing it in terms of religious resocialization, involving the reframing of one’s understanding of reality and sense-of-self within a new worldview. The transition from seekerhood to commitment occurs through a process of socialization, the stages of which are found to be engagement and apprehension, comprehension, and commitment. Apprehension is the understanding of core Buddhist notions. Comprehension occurs through learning how various aspects of the worldview form a coherent meaning-system, and through application of the Buddhist principles to the improvement of one’s own life circumstances. It necessitates understanding of the fundamental relationships between doctrine, practice, and experience. Commitment to the group’s outlook and objectives occurs when these are adopted as one’s orientation to reality, and as one’s strategy for negotiating a lived experience that is both efficacious and ethically sustainable. It is also maintained that sustained commitment is conditional upon continuing validation of that experience.
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Eddy, Glenys. "Western Buddhist Experience: The Journey From Encounter to Commitment in Two Forms of Western Buddhism." Arts, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2227.

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Doctor of Philosophy
This thesis explores the nature of the socialization and commitment process in the Western Buddhist context, by investigating the experiences of practitioners affiliated with two Buddhist Centres: the Theravadin Blue Mountains Insight Meditation Centre and the Gelugpa Tibetan Vajrayana Institute. Commitment by participants is based on the recognition that, through the application of the beliefs and practices of the new religion, self-transformation has occurred. It follows a process of religious experimentation in which the claims of a religious reality are experientially validated against inner understandings and convictions, which themselves become clearer as a result of experimental participation in religious activity. Functionally, the adopted worldview is seen to frame personal experience in a manner that renders it more meaningful. Meditative experience and its interpretation according to doctrine must be applicable to the improvement of the quality of lived experience. It must be relevant to current living, and ethically sustainable. Substantively, commitment is conditional upon accepting and succesfully employing: the three marks of samsaric existence, duhkha, anitya and anatman (Skt) as an interpretive framework for lived reality. In this the three groups of the Eight-fold Path, sila/ethics, samadhi/concentration, and prajna/wisdom provide a strategy for negotiating lived experience in the light of meditation techniques, specific to each Buddhist orientation, by which to apply doctrinal principles in one’s own transformation. Two theoretical approaches are found to have explanatory power for understanding the stages of intensifying interaction that lead to commitment in both Western Buddhist contexts. Lofland and Skonovd’s Experimental Motif models the method of entry into and exploration of a Buddhist Centre’s shared reality. Data from participant observation and interview demonstrates this approach to be facilitated by the organizational and teaching activities of the two Western Buddhist Centres, and to be taken by the participants who eventually become adherents. Individuals take an actively experimental attitude toward the new group’s activities, withholding judgment while testing the group’s doctrinal position, practices, and expected experiential outcomes against their own values and life experience. In an environment of minimal social pressure, transformation of belief is gradual over a period of from months to years. Deeper understanding of the nature of the commitment process is provided by viewing it in terms of religious resocialization, involving the reframing of one’s understanding of reality and sense-of-self within a new worldview. The transition from seekerhood to commitment occurs through a process of socialization, the stages of which are found to be engagement and apprehension, comprehension, and commitment. Apprehension is the understanding of core Buddhist notions. Comprehension occurs through learning how various aspects of the worldview form a coherent meaning-system, and through application of the Buddhist principles to the improvement of one’s own life circumstances. It necessitates understanding of the fundamental relationships between doctrine, practice, and experience. Commitment to the group’s outlook and objectives occurs when these are adopted as one’s orientation to reality, and as one’s strategy for negotiating a lived experience that is both efficacious and ethically sustainable. It is also maintained that sustained commitment is conditional upon continuing validation of that experience.
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Kotas, Frederic John. "Ojoden : accounts of rebirth in the pure land /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11074.

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Henry, Philip Michael. "Socially engaged Buddhism in the UK : adaptation and development within Western Buddhism." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504227.

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Socially Engaged Buddhism (SEB) in the UK forms part of a diverse and complex Buddhist picture. Concerned with developing Buddhist solutions to social, political and ecological problems it had its genesis in the movements against nuclear weapons and the Vietnam War in the 1960s. It holds with the notion of engagement in caring and service, in social and environmental protest and analysis, in non-violence as a creative way of overcoming conflicts, and in `right livelihood' and other initiatives which prefigure a society of the future. Engaged Buddhism has transformed the soteriological emphasis of more traditional forms of Buddhist thought to programs of social, political, and economic transformation. The spiritual emphasis on Buddhist practices such as meditation continues to be at the heart of many forms of engaged Buddhism, but, to apply a term Evelyn Underhill coined many years ago in her study of mysticism, it is a "practical spirituality, " one in which the transformation of society takes equal precedence with the transformation of the individual. Both textual and anthropological studies of Buddhism, have often presented it as stereotypically 'other-worldly' (Weber 1958/62), lacking in social engagement. This study adopts an inductive investigation that will test empirically the `this-worldly', `other-worldly' dichotomy, through the relationship of Buddhists to their social settings. This implies a continuity versus discontinuity debate at stake in this discussion, suggesting the possibility of a continuous (traditional) view, which asserts `all Buddhism is engaged' (Nhat Hanh 1987), or that SEB is in some sense `a new phenomenon' (Queen, 2000: 1) and thereby is a break with tradition. The lack of empirical scholarly research, however,h as left only the voices of academics talking to each other within the framework of the debate. This study sets out to remedy that situation, by presenting an empirically based extensive case study analysis and survey of five New Buddhist organisations, who are socially engaged in a variety of ways. This thesis aims to locate Socially Engaged Buddhism in the UK and place it within an emerging `Western Buddhism' examining its adaptation and development and discerning the significance and impact of SEB on the British Buddhist landscape in order to characterise the phenomenon and its relationships to the wider British Buddhist world, and academic discourse
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au, Aung Myint@correctiveservices wa gov, and Aung Myint. "Theravada Treatment and Psychotherapy: An Ecological Integration of Buddhist Tripartite Practice and Western Rational Analysis." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20071130.121741.

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An assertion that psychotherapy is an independent science and a self-authority on human mind and behaviour has uprooted its connection with philosophy and religion. In practice, the scientist-practitioner model of psychotherapy, a seemingly dualistic model, prefers determinism of science to free will of choice in humans. In particular, the model does not see reason and emotion as co-conditioning causes of human behaviour and suffering within the interdependent aggregates of self, other, and environment. Instead, it argues for wrong reasoning as the cause of emotional suffering. In Western thought, such narrative began at the arrival of scripted language and abstract thought in Greek antiquity that has led psychotherapy to think ignorantly that emotions are un-reasonable therefore they are irrational. Only rational thinking can effectively remove un-reasonable emotions. This belief creates confusion between rational theory and rational method of studying change in emotion because of the belief that science cannot objectively measure emotions. As a result, rational epistemologies that are ignorant of moral and metaphysical issues in human experience have multiplied. These epistemologies not only construct an unchanging rational identity, but also uphold the status of permanent self-authority. Fortunately, recent developmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience research have quashed such ideas of permanent self-identity and authority. Buddhist theory of Interdependent Arising and Conditional Relations sees such identity and authority as arisen together with deluded emotional desires of greed and hatred. These desires co-condition interdependent states of personal feeling and perception (metaphysics), conceptual thinking and consciousness (epistemology) and formation of (moral) emotion and action within the context of self other-environment matrix. Moral choices particularly highlight the intentional or the Aristotelian final cause of action derived from healthy desires by valued meaning makings and interpretations. Theravada formulation aims to end unhealthy desires and develop the healthy ones within the matrix including the client-clinician-therapeutic environment contexts. Theravada treatment guides a tripartite approach of practicing empathic ethics, penetrating focus and reflective understanding, which integrates ecologically with Western rational analysis. It also allows scientific method of studying change in emotion by applying the theory of defective desires. In addition, interdependent dimensions of thinking and feeling understood from Theravada perspective present a framework for developing theory and treatment of self disorders. Thus, Theravada treatment not only allows scientific method of studying change in emotion and provides an interdependent theory and treatment but also ecologically integrates with Western rational analysis. Moreover, Theravada approach offers an open framework for further development of theoretical and treatment models of psychopathology classified under Western nomenclature.
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Smith, Sharon Elizabeth. "Buddhism, diversity and 'race' : multiculturalism and Western convert Buddhist movements in East London : a qualitative study." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2008. http://research.gold.ac.uk/2553/.

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This study considers the development of convert Buddhism in multicultural environments. Its focus is on the encounters of people of colour (defined for the purposes of this study as people of African, Asian and Caribbean descent) with Western convert Buddhist movements, which tend to be predominantly white and middle-class. The study uses an ethnographic case study approach informed by feminist epistemologies. The case-studies are of two of the largest Western convert Buddhist movements in the UK – the Friends of the Western Buddhist Order (FWBO) and Soka Gakkai International-UK (SGI-UK) – and focus on their branches in the multicultural inner-city location of East London. The findings suggest that most Buddhists of colour in these movements come from the second generation of the diaspora. For the FWBO, there is an apparently hegemonic discourse of middle-class whiteness that people of colour and working class members of this movement have to negotiate as part of their involvement. In contrast, for SGI-UK, the ethos is one of a moral cosmopolitanism that encourages intercultural dialogue thus facilitating the involvement of a considerably more multicultural and international following. People of colour find that their practices of the techniques of the self provided by each movement enable them to feel more empowered in relation to their quotidian experience of racisms and racialisation, as well as encouraging them in a more anti-essentialist approach to identity that sees it as fluid and contingent. To date, there has been little discussion of how Western Buddhism is developing in multiethnic and multicultural contexts, even though the West has long been a space of significant ethnic and cultural diversity arising largely from processes of colonialism and imperialism. This study therefore develops a new line of enquiry for consideration in studies seeking to illuminate the issue of how Buddhism is being translated in the West.
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Moran, Peter Kevin. "Buddhism observed : western travelers, Tibetan exiles, and the culture of Dharma in Kathmandu /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6522.

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Sonam, Tenzin, and Tenzin Sonam. "Buddhism at Crossroads: A Case Study of Six Tibetan Buddhist Monks Navigating the Intersection of Buddhist Theology and Western Science." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624305.

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Recent effort to teach Western science in the Tibetan Buddhist monasteries has drawn interest both within and outside the quarters of these monasteries. This novel and historic move of bringing Western science in a traditional monastic community began around year 2000 at the behest of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, the spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism. Despite the novelty of this effort, the literature in science education about learners from non-Western communities suggests various "cognitive conflicts" experienced by these non-Western learners due to fundamental difference in the worldview of the two knowledge traditions. Hence, in this research focuses on how six Tibetan Buddhist monks were situating/reconciling the scientific concepts like the theory of evolution into their traditional Buddhist worldview. The monks who participated in this study were engaged in a further study science at a university in the U.S. for two years. Using case study approach, the participants were interviewed individually and in groups over the two-year period. The findings revealed that although the monks scored highly on their acceptance of evolution on the Measurement of Acceptance of Theory of Evolution (MATE) survey, however in the follow-up individual and focus group interviews, certain conflicts as well as agreement between the theory of evolution and their Buddhist beliefs were revealed. The monks experienced conflicts over concepts within evolution such as common ancestry, human evolution, and origin of life, and in reconciling the Buddhist and scientific notion of life. The conflicts were analyzed using the theory of collateral learning and was found that the monks engaged in different kinds of collateral learning, which is the degree of interaction and resolution of conflicting schemas. The different collateral learning of the monks was correlated to the concepts within evolution and has no correlation to the monks’ years in secular school, science learning or their proficiency of English language. This study has indicted that the Tibetan Buddhist monks also experience certain cognitive conflict when situating Western scientific concepts into their Buddhist worldview as suggested by research of science learners from other non-Western societies. By explicating how the monks make sense of scientific theories like the theory of evolution as an exemplar, I hope to inform the current effort to establish science education in the monastery to develop curricula that would result in meaningful science teaching and learning, and also sensitive to needs and the cultural survival of the monastics.
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Rees, Gethin Powell. "Buddhism and donation : rock-cut monasteries of the Western Ghats." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252222.

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Books on the topic "Western Buddhism"

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name, No. Encountering Buddhism: Western psychology and Buddhist teachings. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2003.

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Robert, Segall Seth, ed. Encountering Buddhism: Western psychology and Buddhist teachings. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2003.

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Mangvungh, Gindallian. Buddhism in western India. Meerut: Kusumanjali Prakashan, 1990.

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Buddhist western Himalaya. New Delhi: Indus Pub. Co., 2001.

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Buddhism for today - and tomorrow. Birmingham: Windhorse, 1995.

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Subhuti. Buddhism for today: A prtrait of a new Buddhist movement. Glasgow: Windhorse, 1988.

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Buddhism for today: A portrait of a new Buddhist movement. Glasgow [Scotland]: Windhorse Publications, 1988.

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Sangharakshita. Moving against the stream: The birth of a new Buddhist movement. Birmingham: Windhorse, 2003.

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Abe, Masao. Zen and Western thought. London: Macmillan, 1985.

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R, LaFleur William, ed. Zen and Western thought. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Western Buddhism"

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Abe, Masao, and William R. LaFleur. "Mahayana Buddhism and Whitehead." In Zen and Western Thought, 152–70. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06994-1_7.

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Hughes, James. "Buddhism and Abortion: A Western Approach." In Buddhism and Abortion, 183–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14178-4_9.

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Smart, Ninian. "Western Society and Buddhism (1989)." In Reflections in the Mirror of Religion, 73–81. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25625-9_7.

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de Silva, Padmasiri. "Emotions: Western Theoretical Orientations and Buddhism." In An Introduction to Buddhist Psychology and Counselling, 46–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137287557_5.

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Abe, Masao, and William R. LaFleur. "The Idea of Purity in Mahayana Buddhism." In Zen and Western Thought, 216–22. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06994-1_11.

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Okada, Sumie. "Iris Murdoch: her interest in Zen Buddhism." In Western Writers in Japan, 151–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230377738_13.

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Promta, Somparn. "Buddhism and Science." In Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 981–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7747-7_8481.

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Long, William J. "Radical Interdependence: Buddhist Philosophical Foundations for Social Theory." In A Buddhist Approach to International Relations, 19–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68042-8_2.

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AbstractThis Chapter asserts that a Buddhist perspective provides a systematic and genuine alternative to Western models of IR not so much because it arose in Asia, but because it is founded on distinctive first-order philosophical principles or substructures that differ from those that dominate in the West. The chapter explains this fundamentally different worldview through the concept of “radical interdependence”—the basic Buddhist “truth” about the nature of our existence that departs from most Western understandings of reality and interdependence. Buddhism offers a different starting point for thinking about the world we live in, one it characterizes as deeply interdependent. Moreover, Buddhism maintains that the failure to appreciate the full extent of interdependence limits our human potential and is the ultimate source of all conflicts, up to and including interstate war, whereas an understanding the truth of radical interdependence is the key to imagining a different vision for politics and IR.
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Heine, Steven. "Rhetoric of Uncertainty in Zen Buddhism and Western Literary Modernism." In Buddhist Philosophy, 145–63. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119424246.ch8.

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Sponsel, Leslie E., and Poranee Natadecha-Sponsel. "Environment and Nature in Buddhism." In Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 1–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3934-5_8564-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Western Buddhism"

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De Silva, Daswin, Damminda Alahakoon, and Jayantha Rajapakse. "Towards the development of machine consciousness: Implications of Western philosophy and Buddhism." In 2010 5th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability (ICIAfS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciafs.2010.5715725.

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Wu, Yan. "RATIONALIZATION AND SECULARIZATION – A LOOK AT THE MAIN TRENDS OF MODERN CHINESE BUDDHISM IN THE INTERPRETATION OF THE WESTERN THEORY OF RELIGION." In Buddhism and Other Traditional Religions of the Peoples of Russia, Inner and East Asia. Publishing House of the Buryat Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30792/978-5-7925-0505-6-2018-51-68.

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Yukongdi, Pakpadee. "Khao San Dam: The Archaeological Evidence of Burnt Rice Festival in Southern Thailand | ข้าวสารดำา: หลักฐานทางโบราณคดีเกี่ยวกับประเพณีการเผาข้าวในภาคใต้ของ ประเทศไทย." In The SEAMEO SPAFA International Conference on Southeast Asian Archaeology and Fine Arts (SPAFACON2021). SEAMEO SPAFA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26721/spafa.pqcnu8815a-08.

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Recently in 2021the 11th office of the Fine Arts Department, Songkhla has reported their annual excavations in Trang Province that archaeologists have found some set of rice while excavation in process namely,1) Khao Kurum Archaeological Site, Huai Yod District and 2) Napala Archaeological Site, Muang District. The artifacts which were found associated with the rice grains on the habitation layer consisted of potsherds, animal bones, grindstone, beads, etc. The grains of rice are short and brown in colour which is examined as carbonized since the beginning at its first left. The primary examination by archaeologists has classified the rice of Napala Archaeological Site as short grain of probably Orysa sativa (Indica or Aus) rice. AMS Radiocarbon dating by Beta Analytic Testing Laboratory shows the AMS standard results and calibration dating of charred material measured radiocarbon age:1440±30BP. Because of their geographical location, both sites are incredibly located on one side of the hill slope, where they were suitable for habitat and plantation, especially tiny paddy fields and farms with sufficient water supply either small stream or well. The found rice, which now still grows uphill, probably called ‘Khao rai’ needs less water or no marsh. Comparative study of ethnographic “Atong” 1 of 12 sub-tribes of the “Garos” Tibeto-Burman in Meghalaya, India which originated slash-and-burnt socio-groups, have shown an interest in growing rice activity. According to their ritual ceremony for planting of paddy, other grain, and seeds takes place. There are many ritualistic offerings of rice such as (1) flattened rice by asking for permission to cultivate the land from the first harvested paddy in May. (2) After the harvesting in September or October, the 1st ceremony of the agricultural year is a thanksgiving ceremony to mark the end of a period of toil in the fields and harvesting of bumper crops, which is probably the most important festival of the Garos locally called “Maidan syla” meant to celebrate the after-harvested festival or burnt rice festival. Their 2nd ceremony is to revive the monsoon clouds. People throw cooked rice on the floor to symbolize hailstones. Noticing the rice, were probably the assemblage of “Khao San Dam” in many activities of these ceremonies, that is the archaeological evidence found in Khao Kurum and Napala Archaeological Sites. In the Southern part of Thailand, once the crops have already cultivated, people celebrate to welcome their outcrops most probably at the end of September to October and mark their end of plantation before the monsoon come. People prepare 4 main rice desserts put together with other necessity stuffs in the “hmrub” special large containers and donate to the ancestors through Buddhist ceremony. Though archaeological evidence shows that southern peninsular was where the migrants from the west especially India origins, who shared same habitat of hillslope, might brought their different traditions through both land trans-peninsular and sea routes then settled down inner western or eastern coast since prehistoric times. The beliefs in animism might belong to some other western migrants and with having “hmrub” is one of their unique cultural characteristic material and tradition remain. Once they settled down then converged to Buddhism, the ritual ceremony may be changed due to religion, but tradition remains the same today, that is, Bun Duean Sib on the 10th of the lunar month or September-October.
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Kowal, Katarzyna. "THE MODEL PROJECT OF CONTEMPORARY WESTERN BUDDHIST RETREAT CENTER." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/5.3/s21.096.

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Dobri, Mirona Letitia, Alina-Ioana Voinea, Constantin Marcu, Eva Maria Elkan, Ionuț-Dragoș Rădulescu, and Petronela Nechita. "MINDFULNESS: A PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC METHOD OF ACCEPTANCE AND CENTERING OF THE MENTAL FRAMEWORK." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.29.

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Mindfulness as a term comes from Buddhist traditions, translating as awareness, concentration or remembrance. Western neuroscientists define mindfulness practices as a combination of emotional and attentional training regimes that help cultivate physical and psychological well-being and improve emotional regulation while noting neurobiological changes in the brain. The formal introduction of oriental ways of thinking into western philosophy, psychology and medicine happened decades ago, generating a large spectrum of discussions and scientific works concerning the therapeutic applications of mindfulness practice. Basing our presentation on a thorough study of scientific papers, we propose a synthesis of the theoretical aspects related to mindfulness and a new perspective regarding its applications in clinical psychiatric care. The modern occidental approaches of the practice are adapted into methods used in cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. The benefits of formal practice proven from the neurological perspective are the result of a less reactive autonomic nervous system. Regulation of attention, body awareness, regulation of emotions, increased capacity of adaptation is just a few of the mechanisms involved. Therefore, it is integrated into western psychotherapy as an adjunctive or alternative method of treatment for several psychiatric disorders among which are depression, anxiety, substance use, smoking cessation, insomnia. In conclusion, mindfulness has shown to have great promise in clinical application, and the hope is to be used in the future with the purpose of improving mental and physical wellbeing and quality of life.
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"The Formation of Tibetan Buddhist Texts and the Construction of Tibetan History Narratives: A Critical Review of Recent Scholarship of Western Academia on the “Dark Age of Tibetan History”." In Visions of Community. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003901b3.

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Reports on the topic "Western Buddhism"

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Yilmaz, Ihsan, and Nicholas Morieson. Civilizational Populism Around the World. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0012.

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This article addresses an issue of growing political importance: the global rise of civilizational populism. From Western Europe to India and Pakistan, and from Indonesia to the Americas, populists are increasingly linking national belonging with civilizational identity—and at times to the belief that the world is divided into religion-based civilizations, some of which are doomed to clash with one another. As part of this process, Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity have all been commandeered by populist parties and movements, each adept at using the power of religion—in different ways and drawing on different aspects of religion—to define the boundary of concepts such as people, nation, and civilization.
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