Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'West Papua'
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Neilson, David John. "Christianity in Irian (West Papua)." University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1560.
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Bensemann, Paul Morel. "Restraints on reporting conflict in West Papua." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Media and Communication, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9123.
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This is as much an experiment in investigative reporting as it is a thesis. It explores the possibility of carrying out “research journalism” on a specific issue in a New Zealand academic environment, after a failure to complete the mission within newsrooms.
The thesis debates theoretical and practical “restraints” to reporting this conflict and New Zealand’s role in it. Such restraints might include the degree of conservatism and intractability in Western traditions and practices of both the mainstream media, and of the other potential “commentating power”, universities.
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Kadarusman. "Rainbowfishes from west Papua (Melanotaeniidae) : evolution and systematics." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU30079.
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Située au Nord de l'Australie, la Nouvelle Guinée se caractérise par des reliefs montagneux très développés et demeure l'une des dernières régions inexplorées de la planète. Des processus complexes de géodynamique couplés a son isolement géographique ont contribué à la mise en place d'un panel complexe d'écosystèmes et à l'évolution d'une biodiversité exceptionnelle. Cette particularité vaut également pour la diversité de sa faune ichtyologique. Les poissons arc-en-ciel (Melanotaeniidae) constituent avec les Eleotridae et les Gobiidae, les 3 familles de poissons les plus diversifiées des eaux douces de Nouvelle Guinée et même d'Australie. La taxonomie des poissons arc-en-ciel est ancienne et a connu un regain d'intérêt durant ces dernières décennies avec la description d'une cinquantaine d'espèces nouvelles. Malgré un nombre important d'espèces décrites, la taxonomie des Melanotaeniidae demeure encore confuse avec des diagnoses incomplètes basées sur des comptages ou des caractères morphologiques. Les rares données moléculaires et phylogénétiques disponibles pour quelques espèces de Melanotaeniidae sont également incomplètes et ne permettent pas de valider les hypothèses taxonomique ou évolutive proposées par plusieurs auteurs. Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse apportent une contribution significative dans la compréhension des processus de diversification des poissons arc-en-ciel de Papouasie Occidentale et plus largement des régions adjacentes comprenant le reste de la Nouvelle Guinée et le nord de l'Australie. Ils proposent également une révision taxonomique complète des espèces peuplant la Papouasie Occidentale avec 28 espèces valides et incluant 15 espèces nouvellesNew Guinea Island is an immense, rugged landscape and remains one of the last unexplored places. This is particularly true for its ichthyological fauna. With freshwater Gudgeon and Gobiids, the Austro-New Guinean rainbowfishes are the most diverse groups with important endemism. Rainbowfish taxonomy is ancient and recently attracted much attention for various domains interest. Despite a large number of species already described, their taxonomy remains incomplete and somewhat confused. Data on their phylogenetic relatedness or biogeographical history are scarce. The results presented here give a contribution to diversification processes of Rainbowfishes from West Papua and adjacent biogeographic region and provide a complete taxonomic revision of the Western New Guinean species. A total of 716 specimens belonging to 3 genera have been studied in morphology and molecular relatedness. Molecular phylogenies were inferred from 3 mitochondrial regions (Cox-1, Cyt-b, D-loop) and 1 nuclear intron (S7). The dataset includes more than 5,000 base pairs with a portion of DNA Barcodes. The choice of both mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers was driven by the multiple objectives to resolve deeper and shallow radiations and to evidence possible hybridization events. The phylogenies revealed an unexpected cryptic diversity within the genus Melanotaenia and strongly supported the polyphyly of the genera Glossolepis and Chilatherina. The results also revealed a strong congruence between phylogenetic relatedness, clade composition and geography and confirmed that the center of origin of Melanotaenia sensu lato was dated to the Mid-Miocene in the Bird's Head Peninsula. The eological context of the area revealed that the formation of the Lengguru fold-and-thrust Belt together with the ridge of the Central Dividing Range were the main events responsible of the basal diversification processes within this group of obligate freshwater fishes
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Courtens, Ien. "Restoring the balance : performing healing in West Papua /." Nijmegen : I. Courtens, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40047479c.
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Campbell, Marcus John. "Religion and Resistance in West Papua: The Role of Christianity in the Struggle for Peace with Justice." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17334.
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Faith has been a central feature of West Papuan resistance to Indonesian colonialism. Missionised in the late nineteenth century, the indigenous peoples of West Papua are now overwhelmingly Christian and their faith is a key marker of their identity and social practices. While most churches take a neutral stance on the controversial issue of political independence, they have taken up roles in human rights monitoring, peacebuilding, international lobbying and many other initiatives for justice. Churches in West Papua are complex and powerful institutions prone to careful engagement; but within them, passionate activists regularly frame their actions in religious terms, deploying the symbols and practices of their faith to achieve their goals. Despite all this, there have been few dedicated studies into how religion affects issues peace and conflict in West Papua, causing conflicted views on it. The differences between Christian institutions and the various ways people interpret Christian meanings has often caused misunderstandings about the role of Christianity in social movements. Faith-based justice movements and religious actors in West Papua have been resistant to being understood by the dominant theories of the sociology of religion. By focusing on the ways religion constrains social action, much of the literature on resistance in West Papua has ignored some of the primary causes for the engagement or disengagement of religious agents in social action - removing possibilities for intervention or reform. Though marginalised in the literature, Christianity remains a pervasive marker of identity in West Papua and a principal driver of social action. This study presents an introduction to the history of religion in West Papua to demonstrate the extent to which religious knowledge has fuelled initiatives for resistance, peacebuilding and justice. Religious understandings of peace and justice preceded colonialism, were altered by the arrival of Christianity, and continue today in forms that are both constraining social action as well as inspiring it. If considerations of religious truth are the primary source of moral reasoning for West Papuans, it follows that the type of religious knowledge being taught should be a central concern. It is argued here that the interrelated issues of theology and education are critically overlooked in discourses of peace and conflict in West Papua, and with more attention and resources, the divide between powerful institutional structures and inspiring religious agents might not be so wide.
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Hisada, Toru. "Indigenous development and self-determination in West Papua : socio-political and economic impacts of mining upon the Amungme and Kamoro communities of West Papua /." Saarbrücken, Germany : VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008. http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/DCARead?standardNoType=1&standardNo=9783639031560:srcdbname=worldcat:fromExternal=true&sessionid=0.
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Heidbüchel, Esther. "The West Papua conflict in Indonesia actors, issues and approaches." Wettenberg Herrmann, J-&-J-Verl, 2007. http://www.jhjj.de/files/9783937983103.html.
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Kirksey, S. Eben. "Freedom in entangled worlds : experiences of possibility in West Papua /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Heidbüchel, Esther. "The conflict in West Papua facts and fiction in Indonesian politics /." Giessen : IRU, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=986597570.
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Jacobs, Karen. "Collecting Kamoro : objects, encounters and representation in Papua / west New Guinea." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398936.
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de, Sousa Hilário. "The Menggwa Dla language of New Guinea." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1341.
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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)Menggwa Dla is a Papuan language spoken in Sandaun Province of Papua New Guinea and Kabupaten Jayapura of Papua Province, Indonesia. Menggwa Dla is a dialect of the Dla language; together with its sister language Anggor (e.g. Litteral 1980), the two languages form the Senagi language family, one of the small Papuan language families found in North-Central New Guinea. The main text of this thesis is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the linguistic, cultural and political landscapes of the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border area where the Dla territory is located. Chapter 2 introduces the phonology of Menggwa Dla; described in this chapter are the phonemes, allophonic variations, phonotactics, morpho-phonological processes, stress assignment and intonation of the language. The inventory of phonemes in Menggwa is average for a Papuan language (15 consonants and 5 vowels). The vast majority of syllables come in the shape of V, CV or C1C2V where C2 can be /n/ /r/ /l/ /j/ or /w/. In C1C2V syllables, the sonority rises from C1 to V (§2.2.2). Nevertheless, there are a few words with word-medial consonant sequences like ft /ɸt/, lk /lk/, lf /lɸ/ or lk /lk/ where the sonority drops from the first to the second consonant; the first consonant in these sequences is analysed as the coda of the previous syllable (§2.2.3). Chapter 3 is an overview of the word classes in Menggwa Dla; the morphological, syntactic and semantic properties of the three major word classes (nouns, adjectives and verbs) and the minor word classes are compared in this chapter. Chapter 4 describes the properties of nouns and noun phrases; the person-number-gender categories, noun-phrasal syntax, nominal clitics and personal pronouns are outlined in this chapter. Menggwa Dla has a rich array of case, topic and focus markers which comes in the form of clitics (§4.5). Subject pronouns (‘citation pronouns’) only mark person (i.e. one for each of the three persons), whereas object and genitive pronouns mark person (including inclusive/exclusive first person), number, and sometimes also gender features (§4.6). Chapter 5 introduces various morphological and syntactic issues which are common to both independent and dependent clauses: verb stems, verb classes, cross-referencing, intraclausal syntax, syntactic transitivity and semantic valence. Cross-referencing in Menggwa Dla is complex: there are seven paradigms of subject cross-reference suffixes and four paradigms of object cross-references. Based on their cross-referencing patterns, verbs are classified into one of five verb classes (§5.2). There is often a mismatch between the number of cross-reference suffixes, the semantic valence, and the syntactic transitivity within a clause. There are verbs where the subject cross-reference suffix, or the object suffix, or both the subject and object suffixes are semantically empty (‘dummy cross-reference suffixes’; §5.3.2). Chapter 6 outlines the morphology of independent verbs and copulas. Verbal morphology differs greatly between the three statuses of realis, semi-realis and irrealis; a section is devoted to the morphology for each of the three statuses. Chapter 7 introduces the dependent clauses and verbal noun phrases. Different types of dependent verbs are deverbalised to various degrees: subordinate verbs are the least deverbalised, chain verbs are more deverbalised (but they mark switch-reference (SR), and sometimes also interclausal temporal relations), and non-finite chain verbs even more deverbalised. Further deverbalised than the non-finite chain verbs are the verbal nouns; verbal noun phrases in Menggwa Dla functions somewhat like complement clauses in English. In younger speakers speech, the function of the chain clause SR system has diverted from the canonical SR system used by older speakers (§7.2.2). For younger speakers, coreferential chain verb forms and disjoint-reference chain verb forms only have their coreferential and disjoint-referential meaning — respectively — when the person-number-gender features of the two subject cross-reference suffixes cannot resolve the referentiality of the two subjects. Otherwise, the coreferential chain verb forms have become the unmarked SR-neutral chain verb forms. At the end of this thesis are appendix 1, which contains four Menggwa Dla example texts, and appendix 2, which contains tables of cross-reference suffixes, pronouns, copulas and irregular verbs.
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de, Sousa Hilário. "The Menggwa Dla language of New Guinea." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1341.
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Menggwa Dla is a Papuan language spoken in Sandaun Province of Papua New Guinea and Kabupaten Jayapura of Papua Province, Indonesia. Menggwa Dla is a dialect of the Dla language; together with its sister language Anggor (e.g. Litteral 1980), the two languages form the Senagi language family, one of the small Papuan language families found in North-Central New Guinea. The main text of this thesis is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the linguistic, cultural and political landscapes of the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border area where the Dla territory is located. Chapter 2 introduces the phonology of Menggwa Dla; described in this chapter are the phonemes, allophonic variations, phonotactics, morpho-phonological processes, stress assignment and intonation of the language. The inventory of phonemes in Menggwa is average for a Papuan language (15 consonants and 5 vowels). The vast majority of syllables come in the shape of V, CV or C1C2V where C2 can be /n/ /r/ /l/ /j/ or /w/. In C1C2V syllables, the sonority rises from C1 to V (§2.2.2). Nevertheless, there are a few words with word-medial consonant sequences like ft /ɸt/, lk /lk/, lf /lɸ/ or lk /lk/ where the sonority drops from the first to the second consonant; the first consonant in these sequences is analysed as the coda of the previous syllable (§2.2.3). Chapter 3 is an overview of the word classes in Menggwa Dla; the morphological, syntactic and semantic properties of the three major word classes (nouns, adjectives and verbs) and the minor word classes are compared in this chapter. Chapter 4 describes the properties of nouns and noun phrases; the person-number-gender categories, noun-phrasal syntax, nominal clitics and personal pronouns are outlined in this chapter. Menggwa Dla has a rich array of case, topic and focus markers which comes in the form of clitics (§4.5). Subject pronouns (‘citation pronouns’) only mark person (i.e. one for each of the three persons), whereas object and genitive pronouns mark person (including inclusive/exclusive first person), number, and sometimes also gender features (§4.6). Chapter 5 introduces various morphological and syntactic issues which are common to both independent and dependent clauses: verb stems, verb classes, cross-referencing, intraclausal syntax, syntactic transitivity and semantic valence. Cross-referencing in Menggwa Dla is complex: there are seven paradigms of subject cross-reference suffixes and four paradigms of object cross-references. Based on their cross-referencing patterns, verbs are classified into one of five verb classes (§5.2). There is often a mismatch between the number of cross-reference suffixes, the semantic valence, and the syntactic transitivity within a clause. There are verbs where the subject cross-reference suffix, or the object suffix, or both the subject and object suffixes are semantically empty (‘dummy cross-reference suffixes’; §5.3.2). Chapter 6 outlines the morphology of independent verbs and copulas. Verbal morphology differs greatly between the three statuses of realis, semi-realis and irrealis; a section is devoted to the morphology for each of the three statuses. Chapter 7 introduces the dependent clauses and verbal noun phrases. Different types of dependent verbs are deverbalised to various degrees: subordinate verbs are the least deverbalised, chain verbs are more deverbalised (but they mark switch-reference (SR), and sometimes also interclausal temporal relations), and non-finite chain verbs even more deverbalised. Further deverbalised than the non-finite chain verbs are the verbal nouns; verbal noun phrases in Menggwa Dla functions somewhat like complement clauses in English. In younger speakers speech, the function of the chain clause SR system has diverted from the canonical SR system used by older speakers (§7.2.2). For younger speakers, coreferential chain verb forms and disjoint-reference chain verb forms only have their coreferential and disjoint-referential meaning — respectively — when the person-number-gender features of the two subject cross-reference suffixes cannot resolve the referentiality of the two subjects. Otherwise, the coreferential chain verb forms have become the unmarked SR-neutral chain verb forms. At the end of this thesis are appendix 1, which contains four Menggwa Dla example texts, and appendix 2, which contains tables of cross-reference suffixes, pronouns, copulas and irregular verbs.
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Halmin, Muhammad Yusran. "The implementation of special autonomy in West Papua, Indonesia problems and recommendations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FHalmin.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Michael Malley. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p.71-75). Also available in print.
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Flanagan, Katherine. "Connected and disconnected the skull art of the Bismam of West Papua /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010841.
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Stewart, Lynn Leslie. "Our people are like gardens" : music, performance and aesthetics among the Lolo, West New Britain Province, Papua, New Guinea." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30917.
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Relationships among the Aesthetic, culture, and music are problematic- Frequently considered as epiphenomenal to culture, music and the arts are typically seen as adjuncts to ceremonial activity- This dissertation examines the nature of the Aesthetic, music and performance in the context of the Lolo, Araigilpua Village, West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, in an attempt to develop a definition of the Aesthetic applicable for cross-cultural research and to discover the ways in which the Aesthetic and culture articulate.
For the purposes of this dissertation, the Aesthetic is defined as that facet of religion focused on responses to extraordinary powers thought to maintain what are considered to be proper relationships between human members of a community and extraordinary powers. Three forms of aesthetics, social, performance, and musical, are taken as the means and methods of directing interactions between man and extraordinary powers.
At present, the Lolo are engaged in a process of secularisation resulting primarily from the introduction of Christianity, Western medicine and money. This dissertation examines the relationship between the Aesthetic and social life, and addresses the impact of changes to the Aesthetic.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
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Hisada, Toru. "Indigenous Development and Self-Determination in West Papua: A Case Study of the Socio-Political and Economic Impacts of Mining upon the Amungme and Kamoro Communities of West Papua." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2457.
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Since West Papua was colonized by Indonesia in 1963, West Papuans have endured one of the most disastrous experiences of cultural and environmental destruction, human rights abuses and mass killing of the twentieth century. In the Western Highlands of West Papua, where Freeport McMoRan, a mining company from Louisiana, United States (U.S.), operates, there have been long-standing disputes over environmental justice, human rights, the right to control development, and wealth distribution. Substantial research has been done on the negative impacts of the Freeport's operation on the Amungme and Kamoro communities who reside in the company's operating area. Yet, limited research has been done regarding Freeport's social policies and the possible solutions to the issues which are crucial for the further development of Amungme and Kamoro. Therefore, the thesis firstly examines Freeport's recent social policies which have attempted to address the two communities' concerns as well as the social problems the company has caused around its operating area. The examination suggests that genuine reconciliation between Amungme and Kamoro communities and Freeport is a crucial next step in achieving successful community development in the area. The thesis employs a case study of the South African reconciliation processes via Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to explore the prospects of achieving successful community development in Freeport's operating area of West Papua which might lead to prosperity for the Amungme and Kamoro peoples. In addition to this, the prospect of preventing the human rights violations by the Indonesian Military (Tentera Nasional Indonesia-TNI) is considered. The TNI, by carrying out the role of protecting the Freeport operation, has until today committed a large number of human rights violations against indigenous West Papuans around the mine thus preventing and inhibiting the future development of Amungme and Kamoro communities. Since major countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand and Australia, have until today, supported the Indonesia state and the TNI, the attitude of Pacific Island states towards the issue is examined. Finally, although the above processes are important, the study suggests the more important role of the Amungme and Kamoro themselves in taking responsibility for their plight and taking positive actions wherever possible to solve the issues surrounding them. Although the conflict continues to the present day, the research contained in the thesis outlines the situation in West Papua only up until November 2006.
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Gilbert, Paul Carson. "NGOs and Human Rights Promotion: Socialisation, Framing, and the Case of West Papua." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1694.
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Recent developments in international relations have seen dramatic increases in the number and activities of human rights non-governmental organisations (NGOs). This has inspired research that seeks to explain processes of human rights socialisation, particularly in crisis zones. In this context, NGO advocacy is often welcomed as being inherently beneficial for adherence to human rights principles. Such a position, however, fails to account for the
critiques offered by theorists who suggest that the wielding of any power to affect change can have negative as well as positive outcomes, and the critiques of realist international relations theorists who assert the dangers of unqualified promotion of normative concerns in the face of power interests. In this context, this thesis offers a critical evaluation of the contributions of NGO advocacy in human rights socialisation.
Two models of human rights socialisation – the spiral and boomerang models – are utilised in
examining human rights advocacy in West Papua, a province of Indonesia. The West Papuan case study indicates that detrimental outcomes can result from the failure of human rights
advocates to account for political interests and state sovereignty in their strategies of human rights promotion. Human rights campaigns framed in terms of people’s rights to physical security and subsistence, instead of more political rights, such as the right to selfdetermination,
are likely to be more positive for human rights adherence. This points to the desirability of a hierarchy of rights principles in human rights advocacy and suggests, for the socialisation models used, a need for clearer distinctions between the human rights principles prescribed for advocacy.
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Yulia, Indrawati Sari. "The Building of “Monuments”: Power, Accountability and Community Driven Development in Papua Province, Indonesia." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149497.
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Community Driven Development (CDD) is an aid delivery strategy that emphasises community control over planning decisions and investment resources. In light of convincing articulations of this approach, CDD programs have evolved and expanded rapidly within and outside the World Bank’s development agenda. While the CDD narrative remains appealing, a growing body of evidence suggest that CDD programs deliver less than promised. While agency-sponsored research argues that CDD is generally pro-poor and improves the effectiveness of infrastructure development, other studies highlight the gap between CDD narrative and CDD practice. While CDD provides the state with new technologies and methods to deliver aid, critics suggest CDD programs are frequently captured by elites, generate struggles over access to program resources, and weaken local capacities for collective action. Furthermore, CDD systematically shapes communities to fit with a governance reform agenda without addressing asymmetrical power relationships. While offering valuable insights, such examinations of CDD programs are limited to the analysis of donor narratives and village-level studies. These studies provide inadequate analysis of how complex CDD practices work across scale in diverse social conditions and institutional environments, and overlook the possibility that other actors might change CDD processes and adjust the distribution of benefits. Based on qualitative and ethnographic field-based investigations of a CDD program in Papua Province, this thesis considers three questions: How do actors work across scale to control CDD policy, to change CDD processes and to shape the distribution of benefits? How do diverse social relations and institutional environments influence the ability of actors to shape community development? How do actors’ strategies of control effect the alignment between the substantial policy objectives of CDD and field-level outcomes? To answer these questions, this study develops a framework for analysing power and accountability, situating CDD within a broader developmental perspective. This framework is applied to analyse the processes whereby actors secure the compliance of others, the systems that regulate the behaviours of actors, and the responsiveness of actors to accountability mechanisms. First, the thesis argues that, as the program moves down the administrative scale, the CDD program narrative is reinterpreted in line with the power and interests of key actors at each level. In the process, actors change CDD agendas and policies, transforming CDD’s decentralised and participatory mechanisms into an approach more focused on meeting administrative standards of success. While this approach can improve financial accountability, it leads the program to over-construct village infrastructure. Although in half of the cases examined, the CDD program construct under-utilised “monuments” while neglecting the activities that facilitate village development, in a limited number of cases facilitators use their individual capacity and experiences to contest central authority and support the interests of community groups. Second, the thesis argues that the processes and the institutions used to promote public administration reform limit CDD agendas and shift CDD policy away from its decentralised and participatory objectives towards meeting administrative criteria of program success, reinforcing upward accountability and providing the means to strengthen the centralised power of political authorities. Finally, this research calls into question the use of rigid public administration reform or governance mechanisms, suggesting that the over application of these approaches strengthens centralised power and moves the program away from its participatory objectives. Nevertheless, the thesis concludes that positive outcomes remain a possibility were the CDD system to provide a range of conditions and mechanisms to avoid capture, to encourage facilitators to use their discretionary power to facilitate meaningful village development, and to deliver through an agency committed to substantive objectives.
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Müller, Martin. "Kultur und ökonomische Entwicklung : eine empirische Untersuchung kultureller Umwelt und unternehmerischer Fähigkeiten in der indonesischen Provinz Papua (West-Neuguinea) /." Marburg : Görich & Weiershäuser, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014566730&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Kluge, Emma Bethany. "Decolonisation Interrupted: The West Papuan Campaign for independence and the United Nations, 1961-69." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24572.
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Throughout the 1960s, West Papuan activists engaged in a political campaign for West Papuan independence at the United Nations. West Papuans were marginalised by the bilateral dispute between the Netherlands and Indonesia over the future of the territory. The Netherlands attempted to control the process of decolonisation in West Papua, while Indonesian nationalists waged an aggressive campaign to ‘liberate’ West Papua from Dutch control. West Papuans argued for decolonisation apart from Indonesia and advocated for their direct participation in the negotiations over the future of the territory. The West Papuan campaign for independence was interrupted by the signing of the New York Agreement in 1962, which transferred the territory to Indonesian control after a period of UN administration. Conditions in West Papuan quickly deteriorated under Indonesian rule and many West Papuan nationalists were forced to seek refuge in Papua New Guinea and the Netherlands. However, Indonesian oppression only propelled the movement and from 1963-67 West Papuan leaders established transnational activist networks connecting the territory to West Papuan diasporas in PNG and the Netherlands. West Papuan activists then deployed these networks in the lead up to the Act of Free Choice in 1969 to draw attention to Indonesian rights abuses and the political oppression of the West Papuan people. This thesis examines the strategies used by West Papuan activists in their transnational campaign for West Papua independence to the UN. I focus on how the West Papuan activists attempted to utilise growing discourse on race and rights as a strategy to advocate for independence while navigating the rise of Afro-Asian politics and the changing nature of anticolonialism during the Cold War. Drawing on West Papuan petitions and oral history interviews, I position this history in relation to diverse West Papuan perspectives. Many accounts of the struggle over West Papua in the 1960s have focused on the diplomatic conflict between Indonesia and the Netherlands and Indonesia’s conduct of the Act of Free Choice. By focusing on the West Papuan campaign itself, I resist a geopolitical framing of the 1960s, which places the perspectives of international diplomats above those of West Papuans. In doing so, I reject the colonial infrastructure that defined West Papuans’ lives, instead allowing actors to define their activities on their own terms. More broadly, I argue for Pacific islands to be included in international histories of decolonization, as they challenge our understandings of colonialism and conventional chronologies of decolonisation. This history forces historians to confront the question: did colonialism in West Papua ever end?
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Rizzo, Susanna Grazia. "From paradise lost to promised land Christianity and the rise of West Papuan nationalism /." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050127.105650/index.html.
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Patterson, Katherine-Anne V. Wadley Reed L. "Patterns of local mobility in an Iban community of West Kalimantan, Indonesia." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5748.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 2, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Reed Wadley. Includes bibliographical references.
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Houghton, Eve. "Courting disputes : the materialisation and flexibility of a dispute forum network in West New Britain, Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/61709/.
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This thesis examines how relationships and ethical practices and judgements are made explicit in the dispute forums of Papua New Guinea (PNG). It also explores what the outcomes of this explication can mean for methods of local conflict resolution. My findings are based on twelve months of fieldwork conducted in the province of West New Britain, with particular focus on the region of Bialla and the dispute forums therein. There are a large number of dispute forums used in Bialla that emerge outside the purview of the state government. With such a large number of different venues in the region, it is worth asking what they are used for and how they might connect with, and work alongside, a relatively more state recognised venue - the village court. Without more extensive consideration of how these forums work in relation to one another, can current discussions surrounding the uses and outcomes of the village courts accurately reflect what these forums do? To answer these questions my research explores the significance of actor-networks and conceptions of place in the production of authority and conflict resolution. By mobilising theories of emplacement and actor-oriented anthropology my findings are able to challenge the prevailing understanding that law sits at the heart of the courts and can be used as bar against which the use and outcomes of a dispute forum can be measured. By removing law from this central position, other facets that are significant to the usage of dispute forums in Bialla can be revealed. My discussion revolves around the examination of a number of Bialla's dispute forums including: the content of the disputes overseen there, details of the way in which disputes are treated in each instance, and the way in which each forum materialises physically on each occasion. In this way, my research considers factors that contribute to the use of these dispute forums and what that may mean for local communities. I explore how extensive group dynamics and long established conflicts are represented and addressed in each. Those venues that are unable to address certain disputes also provide a revealing aspect of my discussion. Limitations go some way to explain why such a wide range of forums are required to oversee the variety of disputes in Bialla. Ultimately, I argue that dispute forums are flexible venues that materialise as a result of actor-networks in order to address the wide variety of disputes arising in the area.
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Permana, Donaldi Sukma. "Climate, Precipitation Isotopic Composition and Tropical Ice Core Analysis of Papua, Indonesia." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313480990.
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Gibbins, Stacie Lynn. "The Magmatic and Hydrothermal Evolution of the Ertsberg Intrusion in the Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District, West Papua, Indonesia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195874.
Full textAbstract:
The Ertsberg Intrusion (EI) is located approximately 1.5 km southeast of the Grasberg super-porphyry Cu-Au deposit (GIC), in the Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District, West Papua, Indonesia. Intrusion- and carbonate-hosted mineralization is associated with the 3.28-2.97±0.54 Ma multi-phase intrusive complex. The orientation of the intrusion-hosted mineralized zone is parallel to the direction of porphyry dike emplacement in the intrusive complex and to regional structures. Potassic, phyllic, propylitic and endoskarn alteration types are recognized in the EI, distributed over 7 vein types. Three vein stages initiate pre-porphyry dike emplacement, and mineralization occurs pre- and post-dike emplacement. Cu-Au mineralization is associated with pre-dike biotite-bornite-anhydrite veinlets (Stage III), and post-dike quartz-anhydrite-bornite+chalcopyrite//green sericite veins (Stage V), and quartz-anhydrite-chalcopyrite-pyrite//white sericite veins (Stage VI). Sulfides associated with each alteration type in the EI have d³⁴S values that range between -3.0 to 3.6‰. Sulfate d³⁴S between alteration types are variable: potassic (9.6- 11.1‰) and hydrolytic (10.2-16.6 ‰). The bulk isotopic sulfur (d³⁴S(SS)) composition for fluid in equilibrium Stage III veins is 7.5‰, which is higher than would expected for an oxidized calc-alkaline fluid, thus I invoke the addition of heavy sulfur from the sedimentary anhydrite nodules in adjacent carbonate host rocks. There is an overall decrease in bulk isotopic sulfur (d³⁴S(SS)) composition for hydrothermal fluid throughout the span of hydrothermal activity. A degassing mafic magma chamber at depth, and/or the leaching of previously deposited sulfides are likely responsible for this decrease. Sulfide-sulfate equilibrium temperatures for potassic alteration in the EI average 574°C, approximately 125°C cooler than sulfide-sulfate equilibrium temperatures in the GIC. Calculated oxygen isotopic compositions for water in equilibrium with anhydrite from early potassic veins in both the Ertsberg Stockwork Zone and GIC suggest this component was derived from a non-magmatic source; the sedimentary anhydrite nodules are a probable source. The calculated oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions for water in equilibrium sericite from intermediate veins in the ESZ and GIC show the fluid was derived from a magmatic water and/or magmatic vapor; however, the water responsible for late hydrolytic alteration in both intrusive centers provides evidence for mixing of magmatic water (vapor) with meteoric water. Mass balance calculations using the EI volume estimate, and the known mineralization associated with the EI show that the EI has an insufficient volume of H₂O to account for the known volume of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization. Coupled with sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen isotope data, and Re-Os isotope source data, this suggests additional input of hydrothermal fluids from deeper magmatic and sedimentary sources, with moderate addition of meteoric water into the hydrothermal system during Stage VI vein formation.
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Nugraha, Media fitri isma. "Genetic Diversity, Phylogeny and Conservation of Rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae) in West Papua Indonesia and Its Prospect for New Ornamental Fish Commodity." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS208/document.
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Les poissons arc-en-ciel (Melanotaeniidae) se distribuent entre la Nouvelle-Guinée et l'Australie. Ils sont très recherchés en aquariophilie en raison de leur coloration remarquable. Il en existe un très grand nombre d’espèces, dont certaines figurent sur la liste rouge des espèces menacées. L’espèce Melanotaenia boesemani, l'une des plus populaires au sein de cette famille, est en voie de disparition. L’aquaculture de cette espèce apparaît donc comme une solution prometteuse pour limiter la capture de spécimens sauvages. Pourtant, le nombre de fermes qui élèvent M. boesmani est très faible. Ceci est probablement dû aux problèmes rencontrés par les aquaculteurs, à savoir une proportion plus élevée de femelles par ponte, une perte de la coloration, un taux de croissance et une fécondité plus faibles, ainsi que l’apparition fréquente de malformations. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse visait à produire de nouvelles données génétiques en vue d’améliorer l'aquaculture et la conservation de cette famille. Plus précisément, les objectifs étaient: 1) de développer de nouveaux marqueurs microsatellites à partir d'ADN de M. boesemani, 2) d'évaluer la diversité génétique des populations sauvages de Melanotaenia et d'affiner leur taxonomie, 3) de définir l’origine géographique des souches de M .boesemani élevées en Indonésie, et d'évaluer la pression de consanguinité résultant de cette domestication. Par séquençage haut débit, 12 marqueurs microsatellites ont été développés et validés sur l’espèce M. boesemani. Les loci correspondant se sont tous révélés polymorphe et des expériences de croisement ont montré qu’ils se conformaient aux lois de Mendel. Ces nouveaux marqueurs ont ensuite été mis en œuvre pour évaluer la variabilité génétique de 44 populations sauvages (correspondant à 1152 spécimens de poissons). Les valeurs de Fis multilocus ont révélé que 5 espèces présentaient des écarts significatifs à l’équilibre de Hardy-Weinberg et suggéré la présence possible de sous-populations génétiquement différenciées. Combinés à une analyse phylogénétique effectuée sur le gène de la cytochrome oxydase I (COI) et à l'observation de plusieurs caractères morphologiques diagnostic, les 12 marqueurs microsatellites ont également permis de caractériser 8 nouvelles espèces non-encore décrites. Enfin, ces marqueurs microsatellites ont été appliqués pour analyser et comparer la variabilité génétique d’échantillons de M. boesemani obtenus à partir de 6 fermes aquacoles autour de Jakarta avec celle des deux populations indigènes de cette espèce, à savoir des lacs Ayamaru et Uter (Papouasie occidentale). Les résultats ont indiqué que toutes les souches élevés provenaient du lac Ayamaru. Aucun déficit en hétérozygotes n’a été mis en évidence, suggérant qu'il n'y avait pas de consanguinité majeure dans ces souches d’élevage. L’analyse des génotypes a également suggéré que l’espèce M. boesemani représentait probablement une métapopulation constituée de populations génétiquement différenciées. En définitive, ces résultats indiquaient que les problèmes rencontrés par les aquaculteurs ne proviennent pas d’une éventuelle consanguinité mais sont plus surement liés à d'autres facteurs tels qu’une gestion inappropriée et / ou une mauvaise qualité des eaux d’élevage. En conclusion, ces nouveaux marqueurs microsatellites se sont avérés utiles pour évaluer la structure génétique et la diversité d'un grand nombre d'espèces de poisson arc-en-ciel, dont beaucoup sont en voie de disparition. Les résultats présentés ici sur l'une des espèces les plus menacées (M. boesemani) montrent qu'il est encore possible d'éviter son extinction. Ceci nécessite cependant d'augmenter sa production aquacole afin de soulager rapidement la pression de surpêche. Ceci passe par une meilleure gestion des pratiques d'élevageRainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae) are widely distributed throughout New Guinea and Australia. They are very famous for ornamental trade because of their vivid coloration. They display amazing species richness and some of them are on the red list of endangered species. The species Melanotaenia boesemani, one of the most popular within this family, is.facing great threats. Rearing of this species in aquaculture setups thus appears as a promising solution to limit capture of wild specimens. Yet, the number of farms that raise M. boesmani is very low. This is probably due to the problems reported by the farmers, i.e. higher proportion of females per spawning, loss of coloration, lower growth rate and fecundity, frequent morphological abnormalities. In this context, this study aimed at gathering new genetic information that would be useful for the aquaculture and conservation of the Melanotaeniidae family. Specifically, the objectives of the research were: 1) to develop new microsatellite DNA markers from the endangered M. boesemani, 2) to evaluate the genetic diversity of wild populations of Melanotaenia and refine their taxonomy, 3) to describe the geographic origins of M. boesemani reared by ornamental fish farmers in Indonesia, and evaluate the inbreeding pressure resulting from this domestication. Using next generation sequencing, 12 microsatellite DNA markers were developed and validated from M. boesemani. All microsatellite loci revealed polymorphic and cross-breeding experiments showed that they followed a Mendelian inheritance pattern. These new markers were subsequently implemented to evaluate the genetic variability of 44 wild populations (corresponding to 1152 fish specimens). Multilocus Fis values revealed that 5 species significantly departed from Hardy-Weinberg expectations and suggested the possible occurrence of genetically differentiated subpopulations. Combined with a phylogenetic analysis performed on the cytochrome oxydase I (COI) gene and with the observation of several diagnostic morphological characters, the 12 microsatellite markers also enabled to characterize 8 new species previously undescribed. Finally, these microsatellite markers were applied to analyze and compare the genetic variability of M. boesemani samples obtained from 6 aquaculture farms around Jakarta with that of the two native populations of this species , i.e. from Ayamaru and Uter Lakes (West Papua). Results indicated that all reared strains originated from Ayamaru Lake. No deficit in heterozygotes was evidenced, suggesting that there was no major inbreeding in these reared populations. Genotype analysis also suggested that M. boesemani species consists of a metapopulation composed of genetically differentiated populations. Altogether, these results indicated that the problems experienced by the farmers are obviously not due to inbreeding depression and are probably caused by other factors such as unsuitable management and/or poor water quality. In conclusion, these new microsatellite markers proved useful to evaluate the genetic structure and diversity of a large number of rainbowfish species, among which many are endangered. The results presented here on one of the most threatened species (M. boesemani) show that it is still possible to prevent its extinction. This, however, implies to increase its aquaculture production in order to quickly alleviate the overfishing pressure. This, in turn, involves a better management of rearing practices
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Franks, Daniel. "Consuming Landscapes: Towards a Political Ecology of Resource Appropriation." Thesis, Griffith University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365487.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I develop a political-ecological model of Resource Appropriation called Landscape Consumption. Resource Appropriation, the intentional taking by a social group(s) from one society of the resources of another sovereign political society without consent, is a pervasive and persistent social phenomenon. Resource Appropriation may manifest between states, nations, corporations or other forms of social organisation and may range from the direct looting of resources, occupation of land and colonialism, to the enforcement of disadvantageous economic, political and trading relationships. Consistent with the field of Political Ecology this thesis attempts to account for the broader environmental and social transformations that accompany Resource Appropriation and the underlying political and economic processes. In doing so the thesis contributes to the growing collection of literature that explores the relationship between natural resource development and social and ecological transformation.
The Landscape Consumption model argues that Resource Appropriation is not simply achieved by the power of an army or a type of economic instrument but through a broad array of socio-ecological techniques employed by a dominant group(s) that reshapes the relations of space and place, perception and experience, society and ecology. The model draws on three themes: domination, detachment and consumption. Landscape Domination refers to the broader political, social, economic and ecological control imposed by a dominant social group(s) in the pursuit of a resource. While a single resource may be the focus of appropriation in practice broader social and ecological domination is required. Landscape Detachment argues that such domination facilitates the detachment of the dominated from the social and biogeophysical processes of information feedback. Landscape Consumption hypothesises that the combined effects of domination and detachment result in a deterioration of both societies and ecologies. The process of consumption relates not only to the resources directly sought by dominant social groups but also to the consequent deterioration of the function, abundance and diversity of the landscapes where the resources were appropriated.
The Landscape Consumption model responds to the transformed power relationships that characterise the contemporary international political environment. Resource Appropriation over the past decades has shifted from direct nation-state domination (colonialism and neo-colonialism) to more complex and less formal forms that have involved interstate and international institutions and actors, argued here to constitute Empire. The thesis argues that the project of Empire includes multilateral economic systems and institutions built since the Second World War, the discourses of neoliberalism and trade liberalisation, expansion of corporate power, and also the various foreign and economic policies pursued by nation-states; but that the agency of Empire is more accurately attributable to the complex of interconnections and relationships between these heterogenous elements and thus requires a new conception of sovereignty. The model adopts a landscape approach to account for the complex sovereignty and agency that has accompanied this shift. Landscape provides the means to explain the multiple interactions between social groups and biogeophysical environs grounded by their location in geographic space. Landscape is a theoretical tool that provides insight into the socio-ecological processes, discourses, relationships and actors that contribute to domination for Resource Appropriation and is flexible enough to conceptualise the agency of diverse social groups. The model is useful in this context as Empires do not arise to dominate ecology and society in one totalising moment, but are built and defended landscape by landscape.
To test the Landscape Consumption model the thesis makes a historical comparative analysis of two case studies, in Chile and West Papua, where previously autonomous landscapes were integrated or re-integrated into larger political-economic entities through practices of domination. The case studies draw on a wide variety of sources, such as declassified government and military records, fieldwork, and interviews to investigate copper Resource Appropriation during the time period of 1955–2005. The case studies reveal the multiple processes and actors involved in Resource Appropriation and confirm the applicability of the Landscape Consumption model. The case studies suggest that while Resource Appropriation does lead to broader deterioration of environmental and social resources, dominated landscapes can mitigate the extent of Landscape Consumption by mobilising to challenge the dominance of imposed landscapes.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Faculty of Environment and Planning
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Müller, Martin [Verfasser]. "Kultur und ökonomische Entwicklung : eine empirische Untersuchung kultureller Umwelt und unternehmerischer Fähigkeiten in der indonesischen Provinz Papua (West-Neuguinea) / Martin Müller." Marburg : Görich und Weiershäuser, 2005. http://d-nb.info/977013529/34.
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Christianty, Syanthy. "Tensions between Sovereignty and Self-Determination Principles in the UN : UN's Ambiguity in relation to the West Papua Self-Determination Claims." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-18461.
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Sovereignty and self-determination are two principles accepted by UN in the UN Charter and resolutions. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the tensions between sovereignty and self-determination principles in the UN and to increase understanding of how these tensions might have led to ambiguity in UN policy toward the West Papua case. The thesis identifies that there are tensions between those two principles in the UN resolutions. The tensions cause ambiguity in the UN when they are involving in self-determination cases outside the classical colonial context. The argument will be strengthened by conducting a single case study analysis on West Papua self-determination claim. As one of the self-determination claims outside the classical colonial context, the UN role when being involved in the case is argued to be lack of response and ambiguous. It concludes that the ambiguity of the UN when involved in the West Papua self-determination claim is resulted from the tensions between sovereignty and self-determination principles in the UN resolutions.
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Harple, Todd S., and tharple@hotmail com. "Controlling the Dragon: An ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of South-West New Guinea (Indonesian Papua/Irian Jaya)." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20030401.173221.
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This thesis examines how the Kamoro (also known as the Mimika) people of the south-west coast of Papua (former Irian Jaya), Indonesia have adapted to major political and economic changes over a long history of interactions with outsiders. More specifically, it is an ethnohistorical analysis of Kamoro strategies of engagement dating back to the seventeenth century, but focusing on the twentieth century. Taking ethnohistory to most generally refer to the investigation of the social and cultural distinctiveness of historical consciousness, this thesis examines how perceptions and activities of the past shape interpretations of the present. Though this thesis privileges Kamoro perspectives, it juxtaposes them against broader ethnohistorical analyses of the outsiders with whom they have interacted. For the Kamoro, amoko-kwere, narratives about the ancestral (and eternal) cultural heroes, underlie indigenous modes of historical consciousness which are ultimately grounded in forms of social reciprocity. One key characteristic of the amoko-kwere is the incorporation of foreign elements and their reformulation as products of indigenous agency. As a result of this reinterpretation expectations are raised concerning the exchange of foreign material wealth and abilities, both classified in the Kamoro language as kata. Foreign withholding of kata emerges as a dominant theme in amoko-kwere and is interpreted as theft, ultimately establishing relationships of negative reciprocity between the Kamoro and the powerful outsiders. These feelings are mirrored in contemporary Kamoro conceptions of their relationships with the Indonesian State and the massive PT Freeport Indonesia Mining Company who use a significant amount of Kamoro land for deposition of mining waste (tailings) and for the development of State and company infrastructure.
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Harple, Todd S. "Controlling the dragon : an ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of South-West New Guinea (Indonesia Papua/Irian Jaya)." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20030401.173221/index.html.
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Terhaag, Wera. "Examining Mediation Onset in Recurring Conflicts." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445399.
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After the Cold War, mediation as an armed conflict resolution process was thought to become an increasingly common tool to address even the most complex armed conflicts. Recurring conflicts especially should be the focus of mediation. However, with regards to armed conflicts that reoccur, there is a gap in the research of mediation in relation to the rounds of violence. This thesis argues that the more rounds of violence a recurring armed conflict experiences the less likely it will experience mediation. To examine the relationship between the rounds of violence of a recurring armed conflict and mediation onset, this thesis employed Structured Focused Comparison (SFC) to compare two recurring armed conflicts. One with a low mediation occurrence (West Papua) and one high mediation occurrence (Aceh). While the case comparison provides limited support for the hypothesized relationship between rounds of violence and mediation, the results instead may provide support that recurring armed conflicts are not increasingly resistant to mediation the more rounds of violence they experience.
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Schrader, Julian [Verfasser], Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] Kreft, Holger [Gutachter] Kreft, and Erwin [Gutachter] Bergmeier. "Coral islands in West Papua: A model system for functional and taxonomic diversity and the resilience of isolated habitats / Julian Schrader ; Gutachter: Holger Kreft, Erwin Bergmeier ; Betreuer: Holger Kreft." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189904748/34.
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Ashworth, Robin Rison. ""New Media, Oral Histories and the Expansion and Modification of West African Griot Culture: A Case Study of Alhaji Papa Susso"." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/434.
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This dissertation takes the approach of a qualitative case study whose primary subject is Alhaji Papa Susso, a distinct and compelling representative of griot culture, who was born in The Gambia, but who now resides in the U.S., yet maintains his griot identity. The findings from this research provide evidence that the griot, in his quest to support himself abroad while honoring the traditions of his heritage, is actively participating in the purposeful dissemination of griot culture in the U.S. and beyond. Though he may be cultivating genuine interest in his skills and in the oral canon of histories and epic tales that he maintains, he cannot control reception and appropriation of his culture. Further, the findings suggest there is a crosscutting backlash where the influence of technology is concerned, in that, while it provides a means for recording and preserving the griot’s performative art, it also distracts West African youth and diminishes their interest in acquiring and maintaining the tools and instrumentation of their caste-born heritage. The main conclusions drawn from this study suggest the griot feels compelled in many ways to spread his culture beyond the limits of his original, regional seat in order to preserve and promote it, but in doing so, he is changing his culture, and exposing it to audiences who are not sufficiently encultured to apprehend fully its depth and meaning. Furthermore, technology may be a useful tool in preserving the griot’s art in West Africa and abroad, but the static nature of recording robs the griot’s performance of its dynamic, flexible and culturally reflective power. Ultimately, it is the goal of this dissertation to actualize Stake’s (1995) assertion that “the function of research is not necessarily to map and conquer the world but to sophisticate the beholding of it” (p. 43); it is the goal of this dissertation to illuminate and understand, to bear careful witness to a facet of cultural expansion, to a contemporary phenomenon, to a particular, unique and valuable human experience.
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Kante, Papa Ndiaga Moctar [Verfasser], and Bettina I. G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Haussmann. "Stirring up sorghum hybrid breeding targeting West African smallholder farmers low input environments / Papa Ndiaga Moctar Kante ; Betreuer: Bettina I. G. Haussmann." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204129789/34.
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Ondawame, Otto. ""One people, one soul" : West Papuan nationalism and the Organisasi Papua Merdeka (OPM)/Free Papua Movement." Phd thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110281.
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Indonesian colonisation of West Papua and the lack of a democratic
tradition have been the main root causes of the current political problems in
this area, triggering the emergence of an increasingly strong Papuan
nationalism that finds its expression in a resistance movement, led by the
OPM, seeking self-determination and independence. These problems have
continued over many years, having serious social, political, economic, and
environmental effects for West Papua but, despite the widespread local
resistance, the OPM has so far been unable to end the colonial domination
and practices.
This study analyses the impact of Indonesian colonisation on the
people of West Papua and their reactions to it. It investigates how different
views about the political status of West Papua are also reflected in views
about the future of the Papuans. In doing so, it draws heavily on the often
neglected perspectives of the West Papuan people. The main purpose is to
affirm that, as the Indonesian colonisation policies have been the main root
cause of the conflict, any approaches to ending the conflict must encompass
a political solution and not merely temporary economic and social
measures.
The West Papuan conflict is analysed in the light of current theories
relating to colonialism and to a range of approaches to conflict resolution.
After reflecting on the history of the national liberation struggle, focusing
on the strengths and weaknesses of the conflicting parties, and on the
balance of power and the role of international support, it is concluded that
military victory by either side can only be a utopian dream. As the level of conflict can increase and intensify in the future, a new alternative approach is needed to start the peace process.
The empirical findings of this study show the extent to which
colonisation has produced the bitter political conflict which threatens
regional stability and security. The study also reaffirms that since national
sentiments continue to strengthen, any end to the conflict is unlikely in the
near future. Despite the relative strength of the Indonesian military forces
and the lack of significant international support for the OPM, the struggle
will continue in the future. By examining in detail the leadership,
organisational structures and general programs of the OPM, it is concluded
that the movement is seriously weakened by its factionalised organisation.
The responses of the Indonesian government to the conflict by presenting
social and military reform packages are also doomed to failure. The study
concludes with a summary of the main findings in relation to the
determined demands of West Papuans for independence and explores some
possible strategies for achieving this in the future. To gain a clearer picture of the relationship between the local effects of
colonisation and ethnic nationalism in relation to wider Papuan
nationalism and how those concepts have influenced the current situation
in West Papua and the more local reactions, a detailed case study of the
Amungme-Kamoro people in relation to Freeport and the colonial
government in Mimika regency has been presented. Despite there is a clear
relationship, yet the level of success has been more evident at the local level than nationally, for obvious reasons.
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Diarsvitri, Wienta. "Educating for HIV prevention in Papua and West Papua Provinces, Indonesia : an experimental approach." Phd thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/155779.
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The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) case rate is increasing in Indonesia, especially in Papua and West Papua Provinces. As of September 2011, Papua's AIDS case rate was the highest among all 33 provinces in Indonesia, at 180.7/100,000 population, which was 16.3 times higher than the national rate of 11.1/100,000 population. The second highest rate was in West Papua at 51.5/100,000 population. Even more alarming is the fact that young Papuans aged 15-29 years of age comprised 55 percent of cumulative AIDS cases up to March 2011. Studies have shown that sexual permissiveness is becoming more common among young people in Indonesia and in both provinces. However, young Papuans still have a low level of comprehensive knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and AIDS, do not perceive themselves at risk of HIV infection, and rely mostly on the media as the main source of information on HIV and AIDS. Therefore, education of young Papuans for HIV prevention is important in reducing new HIV infection. This thesis is based on the '2009 Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection: Intervention Trial for Young Papuans' program that I developed. This research is the first cluster-randomized trial on senior high school students carried out in Indonesia, and the first study to evaluate the efficacy of a comprehensive reproductive health education module on senior high school students in Indonesia. This research explores perspectives related to the social norms of sexuality and reproductive health education; evaluates the effectiveness of the 'Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection: Intervention Trial for Young Papuans' program in changing young people's knowledge, attitudes, behavior intentions and sexual practices based on the results of pre-tests and post-tests and self-reported sexual practices among senior high school students in different intervention groups; and analyzes determinants of students' sexual practices. The study uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The 'Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection: Intervention Trial for Young Papuans' module consists of a handbook and a PowerPoint presentation that has several advantages. It is delivered through interesting methods that enable active participation of the students. It helps students develop positive feelings about their changes during puberty and how to deal with the changes. It provides unbiased information about HIV and AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), risk involved in unprotected sexual intercourse, revealing the truth about sexual myths related to Papuan cultures, teenage pregnancy, unsafe abortion, sexual and reproductive rights, how to use condoms and lubricants, available health services, and motivation to achieve a better future. It provides a framework for decision-making and communication about safer sexual practices. Therefore, the program helps students perceive whether they might be at risk for HIV, increases the motivation and intentions to reduce risk, and builds the skills required to protect themselves from acquiring HIV infection or other STIs, as well as unintended pregnancies in the real world. 'Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection Logic Model' is created and used by the author to show clearly and concisely the causal mechanisms through which specific interventions (Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection: Intervention Trial for Young Papuans' program) can affect certain determinants (students' risks and protective factors) that affect behaviors, which in turn (through maintenance) will achieve a health goal (reduction of new HIV infection). The results of in-depth interviews of educators and policy makers confirm the need for a comprehensive reproductive health education module in the school curriculum, the need to raise quality of teachers, and to achieve openness between parents and children. Health professionals suggest young Papuans are reluctant to visit Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) clinics, health centers and private doctors to discuss STIs, due to ignorance, stigma and availability over-the-counter medicine. Further, many young patients come to hospital with late stage of AIDS. A stratified cluster randomized trial is used to assess the efficacy of my intervention strategy A total of 16 senior high schools (1,082 Year 11 students) was selected out of 89 senior high schools in Jayapura city and Jayapura district of Papua Province, and Manokwari district and Sorong city of West Papua Province. These schools were randomly assigned to either receive the reproductive health education program after pre-test (being in the intervention group) or acted as a control group that received the program two months later, after the post-test. The questionnaire consisted of 128 questions: 25 true or false questions in the knowledge test; 30 questions in the attitude test; 18 questions in the behavior intention test; and 55 questions covering demographic characteristics, previous sexual experience, contraception, pregnancy, unsafe abortion, STI symptoms, treatment-seeking behavior, interest in reproductive health matters, alcohol and drug use. Total loss to follow-up on individual level was 8.7 percent (94 students), corresponded to 988 students in the analysis. Changes in knowledge, attitudes, behavior intentions and sexual practices between the two groups were compared using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models to account for the cluster randomized design. Of the 988 students in the analysis, 48.8 percent were in the control groups, and 51.2 percent were in the intervention group. The mean age of respondents was 18.9 years. The characteristics of intervention and control groups were similar with respect to sex, school type, ethnicity, sexual orientation, previous sexual experience, alcohol and drug use, source of HIV and sexuality information and enthusiasm to know about reproductive health education. However, the two groups were dissimilar with respect to religion; which was likely to be due to the clustered nature of the data. Results of linear mixed model indicated that 'Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection: Intervention Trial for Young Papuans' module achieved an efficacy with almost three more correct answers (difference score was 2.6 points, 95% CI 2.1, 3.1) for the overall knowledge test, 2.5 points (95% CI 0.3, 4.8) better mean score for the overall attitude test, and 2.4 points (95% CI 0.5, 4.2) better mean score for the overall behavior intention test different from pre-test to post-test between intervention and control group. Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection: Intervention Trial for Young Papuans module showed an efficacy of 0.4 times (95% CI 0.3, 0.7) in reducing the risk of having sexual intercourse and five times (95% CI 1.5, 14.9) in increasing condom use in the last sexual intercourse. The study supports the hypothesis that 'Reducing the Risk of HIV Infection: Intervention Trial for Young Papuans' module has been effective in changing young people's knowledge, attitude, behavior intention and sexual practices related to HIV and sexuality towards more positive results.
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Glazebrook, Diana. "Dwelling in exile, perceiving return : West Papuan refugees from Irian Jaya living at East Awin in Western Province, Papua New Guinea." Phd thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147159.
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Wing, John Robert. "Irian Jaya development and indigenous welfare : the impact of development on the population and environment of the Indonesian province of Irian Jaya (Melanesian West New Guinea, or West Papua /." 1994. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/wing/ma%5Fhtml.
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Doran, Stuart Robert. "Western friends and eastern neighbours, West New Guinea and Australian self-perception in relation to the United States, Britain and Southeast Asia, 1950-1962." 1999. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/7765.
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Kirksey, S. Eben. "From cannibal to terrorist : state violence, indigenous resistance and representation in West Papua /." 2002. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/kirsey2/%5Frk.html.
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Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Oxford, 2002.Supervisor: Dr P.B. Carey, Dr M. O'Hanlon. Title from start screen (viewed Aug. 19, 2004). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-107). Also issued online.
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Kora, Peter-Gallah. "Land tenure and productivity in Papua New Guinea : a case study of oil palm at Hoskins, West New Britain Province." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149763.
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Li, Jian-Rou, and 李建柔. "The Origin and Development of Secessionism in Indonesia：A Comparison of West Papua and East Timor." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96910213065273631354.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
東南亞研究所
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A secessionism comparison of Papua and East Timor in Indonesia is the substance of the thesis, the East Timor had departed from Indonesia in an UN-conducted ballot of 1999, but Papua (Irian Jaya) is still in an unclear situation. In the first of article, describing the origin of the questions, which involves the development of nationalism, political party, the history of decolonization, the Indonesia government’s view about territory, and dispute in the process of annex. Secondly, analyzing the secessionism movement, which involves the organization, factions and revolt modes of OPM and CNRM. Thirdly, observing the policy of Indonesia government to deal with the trouble, which involves military governance, economic development, national assimilation and democratization. The last, estimating the influence of international environment, which involves the position and verdict of UN and ICJ, individual sovereign state’s attitude, such as former colonization state, local powers, the state in relation to benefit and NGOs. This Research has found out that West Papua and East Timor are different from Indonesia in race, culture, religion and colony history, so that the occurrence of nationalism is inevitable, but the tribalism has limited development of Papuan nationalism and mobilization ability of political party. The basis of territory request between West Papua and East Timor is different, Indonesia had appealed to restore West Irian(West Papua), but had had no any proper reason in the case of East Timor. However the process of annexation, which both was based on the contradiction of cold war. The development of nationalism was still continued after the annexation, and the secessionism movement had turned from military into resist in peace, but it is always hindered by the splitting of factions, and it is more serious in West Papua, which the complex races is unfavorable to integrate factions. It is not easy that secessionism movement obtains formal recognition by international, but East Timor had obtained the recognition of UN and Portugal, for the subject of debate is more visible than West Papua. In the early years of Indonesia ruled West Papua and East Timor, it was not correct that there was not any chance to strive for people’s identification. But military dominion to be practiced, and Indonesia government could’nt solve the economic question of exploitation in West Papua and barren in East Timor, in addition to an immigration policy to deteriorate the situation again. Although Indonesia has got into the democratization period, but the human right in West Papua has not improved yet, the government lacks trust in offering autonomy. International environment has different position between West Papua and East Timor, UN recognizes the sovereignty of Indonesia in West Papua, but UN doesn’t recognize the same fact in East Timor. Although Indonesia supported by United State, but which doesn’t indicate that United State recognize the sovereignty of Indonesia in East Timor. The inner part of Australia government is disagreement, a variation of the human right and local strategy in post-cold-war period, which let Australia government to assist East Timor to reach independence in the time of Southeast Asia finance crisis. Besides, because of the ties of blood, PNG is the key factor of keeping OPM to exist. Because of the limit of political environment, NGOs are the only medium which can intervene in West Papua and East Timor affairs, it includes numerous of human right, religion, and environment organization, which have the great influence on molding international public opinion.
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Doran, Stuart Robert. "Western friends and eastern neighbours : West New Guinea and Australian self-perception in relation to the United States, Britain and Southeast Asia, 1950-1962." Phd thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147937.
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Kononenko, Nina. "Obsidian tool function and settlement pattern during the middle - late holocene on Garua Island, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151339.
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Harple, Todd S. "Controlling the dragon an ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of south-west New Guinea (Indonesian Papua/Irian Jaya) /." 2000. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/7738.
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New, Brian T. E. "Controls of copper and gold distribution in the Kucing Liar deposit, Ertsberg mining district, West Papua, Indonesia." Thesis, 2006. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/2083/1/01front.pdf.
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Kucing Liar is a large sediment-hosted Cu-Au mineralized system containing some 15Moz of gold and
5Mt of copper in ~500Mt of ore. It is situated in the Ertsberg Mining District in the Central Ranges of
New Guinea, in the Indonesian province of West Papua. This study demonstrates that high sulphidation
ore is continuous with typical porphyry-skarn style chalcopyrite ore and that both have formed from
mixing of magmatic with meteoric waters within a zone of fault offset.
Alteration and mineralization were localised within calcareous shale and thinly bedded limestone
adjacent to the Grasberg Igneous Complex where they are zoned around fault offsets. Early phases of
alteration are stratiform and are juxtaposed against the Idenberg Fault Zone, which has displaced host
stratigraphy at least 600m vertically and possibly up to ~1,500m laterally. Four principal hydrothermal
mineral associations are (1) calcic and magnesian skarn, (2) potassic assemblages including magnetite,
(3) quartz-muscovite plus anhydrite and (4) locally massive pyrite. Cu and Au are associated with
pyrite and occur discretely either as chalcopyrite ± bornite with an association of Cu-Au-Co (Zn-Pb) or
as covellite ± enargite associated with Cu-Au (As-Sb-Hg). 40Ar/39Ar geochronology shows muscovite
(3.18 ± 0.02Ma) was coeval with potassic-biotite assemblages (3.18 ± 0.02Ma and 3.20 ± 0.04Ma).
Calcic and magnesian skarn were derived from magmatic fluids (_18OFLUID = 9-6‰), while potassic and
magnetite alteration were derived from high temperature (>650°C), high salinity (>50wt%NaClEQUIV.)
magmatic fluids (_18OFLUID = 6-12‰). Quartz infill crystals associated with voluminous silicification
contain a variety of fluid inclusions that range from moderate temperature (TH<420°C) high and
moderate salinity brines (35-55 and 15-30wt%NaClEQUIV.), to low density - low salinity vapour-rich
fluid inclusions. Fluorite-hosted inclusions with lower TH (<300°C) and salinity (~5wt%NaClEQUIV.) are
also related to quartz alteration. Quartz alteration, muscovite and anhydrite have estimated _18OFLUID
ranging from 0-6‰. _D data from magnesian skarn suggest that the magma source was strongly but
variably degassed during skarn formation while clustering of biotite and tremolite _D data may indicate
ponding of fluids prior to exsolution, which was preceded by monzonite dyke emplacement that were
emplaced during skarn and potassic stage alteration.
Fluid infiltration was controlled by an active fault system characterised by strike-slip deformation
overprinting a pre-existing reverse-slip fault. Periodic slip allowed infiltration of the magmatic fluids
while a complex structural offset controlled the mixing of magmatic and meteoric fluids. Fluid mixing
was augmented by phase separation which gave rise to brine and vapour-rich phases that migrated
differently due to density contrasts. Ore deposition was related to mixing of magmatic and meteoric
fluids, which resulted in an increase in H2S relative to SO2, causing intense sulphidation of magnetite
and precipitation of sulphides, beginning with gold-rich chalcopyrite-dominant mineralization. High
sulphidation covellite-style mineralization occurred by contraction of the vapour phase that had
separated from quartz-forming brines. Au, As and Sb were partitioned away from the high sulphidation
copper mineralization due to higher solubilities of these metals as bisulphide complexes and deposited
in distal pyrite along with chloride-complexed Pb and Zn.
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Pattiselanno, Freddy. "Wildlife hunting, alternative protein sources and biodiversity conservation on the Bird's Head Peninsula of West Papua, Indonesia." Thesis, 2015. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/64303/1/JCU_64303_Pattiselanno_2015_thesis.pdf.
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The main reason for hunting in tropical forests is because wildlife is the most accessible animal protein especially for those in rural areas. Little appears in the scientific literature about the importance of wildlife in West Papua with the exception of some information on the traditional uses of wildlife and its contribution to household diets. Different major drivers of hunting were identified, and in West Papua, there is an urgent need to address factors that increase pressure on hunting, including access to forest sites, increases in human population and available alternative protein sources. Using data from 1020 hunters from 11 villages interviewed between June 2011 and July 2013, this thesis explores indigenous hunting practices in the context of village livelihoods. Information on the distances that hunters travel and hunting offtakes during 387 hunting excursions, combined with offtakes from 33 hunters over seven months provides details of hunting effort and strategies and the socio-economic factors influencing hunting. A survey of meals in 696 households also provides in-depth information on consumption patterns, in particular of wild meat.
As well as being important in providing food, road-side hunting was conducted for cash income. Hunters are also involved in trapping to maximise harvest rates from particular prey such as deer and pig for trading purposes. Although roads increase wild meat trading, road connection provides more options to find meals for household consumption and decreases the reliance on wild meat as a protein source for family tables.
Increased human population growth increases people's reliance on agriculture. The production of crop lands (tuber crops and bananas) satisfies people's needs for carbohydrates, but not for animal protein. In villages with larger populations, hunting was mostly performed for family consumption.
I hypothesised that marine protected areas (MPAs) would reduce the supply of fish in some villages. Alternatively, agriculture and might be a more important livelihood than fishing regardless of the MPA. For many rural households along the coast of the Bird's Head Peninsula wild meat is not a luxury or resource they only turn to in times of hardship; it is a vital source of animal protein, and a commodity that can be sold.
This study is the first detailed investigation of how road development, increased human population and availability of alternative protein sources affect indigenous hunting along the coastal landscape. It shows that road connections shift livelihood options from subsistence-based to market-based, influencing hunting of introduced species for alternative income and provides more access to alternatives. Population density impacts on hunter's livelihoods, shifting intermittently between formal and informal occupations for cash to supplement crop-related incomes. Availability, or not, of alternative protein sources such as marine resources, did not appear to significantly affect hunting practices along the coast of the Bird's Head Peninsula. From a practical standpoint, policy to tackle reliance on wild meat in this context will require several strategies in tandem, such as: providing alternative livelihoods for revenue; improving agricultural infrastructure; offering economic opportunities and employment; and educating hunters and buyers.
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Hanrahan, Eileen. "An analysis of the failed West Papuan decolonisation process: national narrative vs the rights of a Non-Self-Governing Territory." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1353298.
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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Historical narratives are significant in that they are mobilised at critical junctures in political life to pursue national and/or international agendas. In this thesis, I develop a political analysis that critically interrogates divergent historical narratives regarding the 1962 derailment of the decolonisation of West Papua. The four narratives are the counter-hegemonic West Papuan political sovereignty claims (as advanced in 2000 and earlier), subsequent counter claims of sovereignty made by the dominant Indonesian state (2000 to 2005) and the much earlier US justification of its Indonesian appeasement as well as a historical narrative of international legal commentary (1961–1980). My methodology involves two stages. First, I articulate a representation of each narrative by organising the sources under the rubrics of commentary of ‘our’/ ‘their’ historical claims, and representations of ‘us’/‘them’ as key players. Here, I juxtapose the narratives with each other, political events and legal contexts of the processes of a decolonisation of a Non-Self-Governing-Territory (NSGT). Second, I interrogate these representations by applying an interpretative paradigm combining Settler Colonial Studies and Critical Indigenous theories to explain political contexts. Through this, my analysis decolonises dominant US and Indonesian historical narratives by revealing their disavowal of the rights of an NGST to genuine self-determination, and their settler colonial and colonial tropes. It is argued that the truncation was stage-managed by the United States (acting under the aegis of the United Nations [UN]), in order to appease Indonesian agendas to annex the territory. My research foregrounds how West Papuan claims (undergird by both inherent and modern liberal ideologies) function as a hybrid critique of the settler colonial forms and narratives. My analysis demonstrates that the hybrid narrative is also supported by International Law commentary. Thus, my interdisciplinary paradigm contributes to theoretical innovations concerned with Indigenising the study of Politics and International Relations (IR) beyond narrow nation-/empire-state statist framings. As an example of settler colonialism instituted within the UN era, and outside the context of former British colonies, the particularity of the topic informs the articulation of the settler colonial project generally. In addition, legal researchers interested in investigating the West Papuan case of failed self-determination may find my political/ historical contextualisation of the international legal issues pertinent.
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Schrader, Julian. "Coral islands in West Papua: A model system for functional and taxonomic diversity and the resilience of isolated habitats." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0003-C150-8.
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