Academic literature on the topic 'West End Settlement'
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Journal articles on the topic "West End Settlement"
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Buckland, P. C., T. Amorosi, L. K. Barlow, A. J. Dugmore, P. A. Mayewski, T. H. McGovern, A. E. J. Ogilvie, J. P. Sadler, and P. Skidmore. "Bioarchaeological and climatological evidence for the fate of Norse farmers in medieval Greenland." Antiquity 70, no. 267 (March 1996): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00082910.
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Greenland, far north land of the Atlantic, has often been beyond the limit of European farming settlement. One of its Norse settlements, colonized just before AD 1000, is — astonishingly — not even at the southern tip, but a way up the west coast, the ‘Western Settlement’. Environmental studies show why its occupation came to an end within five centuries, leaving Greenland once more a place of Arctic-adapted hunters.
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Murphy, K., H. Mytum, L. Austin, A. E. Caseldine, C. J. Griffiths, A. Gwilt, P. Webster, and T. P. Young. "Iron Age Enclosed Settlements in West Wales." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 78 (2012): 263–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00027171.
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This paper presents the results of several years' research on late Iron Age enclosed settlements in west Wales. Geophysical survey was conducted on 21 sites and three of these, Troedyrhiw, Ffynnonwen, and Berry Hill, were part-excavated. Most sites examined were heavily plough-damaged, but results of the surveys and excavations demonstrated that substantial archaeological remains survive. Approximately 60 enclosed settlements lay in the core study area of southern Ceredigion (Cardiganshire), half of which were oval in shape and half rectangular. Both types contain suites of buildings seen in much of the British Iron Age – round-houses and 4-/6-post structures. Evidence from the excavations supports data from elsewhere in the region indicating that small oval enclosures appear in the landscape in the 2nd–1st centuriesbc, with rectangular enclosures constructed right at the end of the Iron Age. Dating is based almost entirely on radiocarbon determinations as, in common with other similar-aged sites in west Wales, artefacts are almost completely absent. It was not possible during excavation at Troedyrhiw to conclusively demonstrate late prehistoric use of the rectangular enclosed settlement, but a Roman pottery assemblage in the upper fills of the enclosure ditch coupled with a two phase entrance is interpreted as indicating Late Iron Age construction. More complex remains were revealed during excavations at Ffynnonwen, a circular enclosed settlement within a larger oval enclosure. Here, three round-houses, a 4- and 6-post structure and other remains were investigated and radiocarbon dated to the 8th–6th centuriesbcthrough to the early Romano-British period. Berry Hill, an inland promontory fort, appeared to be unfinished and abandoned. Radiocarbon determinations indicated a Late Bronze Age construction (10th–8th centuriesbc). The paper concludes with a consideration of a number of interpretive issues regarding settlement, enclosure, identity, and ways of living.
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Robert, Aline, Sylvain Soriano, Michel Rasse, Stephen Stokes, and Eric Huysecom. "FIRST CHRONO-CULTURAL REFERENCE FRAMEWORK FOR THE WEST AFRICAN PALEOLITHIC: NEW DATA FROM OUNJOUGOU, DOGON COUNTRY, MALI." Journal of African Archaeology 1, no. 2 (October 25, 2003): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/1612-1651-10007.
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Evidences of Lower and Middle Palaeolithic human settlements in sub-Saharan West Africa are relatively uncommon, poorly or not even dated, and come from surface sites or secondary stratigraphic context. The discovery, within the international research programme Palaeoenvironment and human settlement in West Africa, of an impressive Pleistocene sedimentary sequence with numerous archaeological levels in the sector of Ounjougou (Dogon Country, Mali), is thus of great importance, insofar as it allows us to set up a first chrono-cultural reference framework for the West African Palaeolithic. Although the exact chronological position of a Lower Palaeolithic human settlement has yet to be specified, the recurrent Middle Palaeolithic occupation, between the end of marine isotope stage 5 and the beginning of stage 2, reveals an astonishing cultural diversity. This could indicate an important repopulating activity, following climatic and environmental changes during the Upper Pleistocene. Particularly, the appearance of the Levallois reduction technique in Sahelian West Africa, possibly prior to the emergence of the Saharan Aterian, leads us to reconsider the question of the origin of this reduction concept introduction in sub-Saharan West Africa. More generally, the Palaeolithic sequence in the sector of Ounjougou shows the intrusion of more southern and/or eastern cultural influences.
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Dickinson, Oliver. "R. Angus K. Smith, Mary K. Dabney, Evangelia Pappi, Sevasti Triantaphyllou and James C. Wright. Ayia Sotira. A Mycenaean chamber tomb cemetery in the Nemea Valley, Greece." Journal of Greek Archaeology 4 (January 1, 2019): 433–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/jga.v4i.491.
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This volume publishes a group of 6 chamber tombs excavated at the south end of the Nemea valley, not much more than a kilometre to the north-west of the settlement of Tsoungiza, which itself lies a similar distance slightly to the north-west of the historical Sanctuary of Zeus, site of one of the four regular festivals of Panhellenic athletic contests. Tsoungiza was a long-lived settlement, originally founded in the Early Bronze Age but abandoned for much of the Middle Bronze Age and only resettled in the phase in which the foundations of Mycenaean civilisation were being laid.
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Krystall, Nathan. "The De-Arabization of West Jerusalem 1947-50." Journal of Palestine Studies 27, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2538281.
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This article describes the progressive depopulation of the Arab neighborhoods of West Jerusalem following the outbreak of the fighting in late 1947. By the time the State of Israel was proclaimed on 15 May 1948, West Jerusalem already had fallen to Zionist forces. Quoting from eyewitness accounts, the author recounts the widespread looting that followed the Arab evacuation and the settlement of Jewish immigrants and Israeli government officials in the Arab houses. By the end of 1949, all of West Jerusalem's Arab neighborhoods had been settled by Israelis.
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Petkovic, Sofija. "The Roman settlement on Gamzigrad prior to the imperial palace Felix Romuliana." Starinar, no. 61 (2011): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta1161171p.
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The existance of the earlier Roman settlement which arose before the construction of Galerius? palace Felix Romuliana was confirmed by archaeological research. The traces of earlier buildings, constructed from the end of 2nd to the end of 3rd century, were discovered inside the fortified imperial residence: 1. three-naved building south from the ?Large temple?, 2. the building below the earlier southern tower of the East gate, 3. the large building beneath the Galerius? baths and 4. the building in front of the later southern tower of the West gate. Roman settlement from the 3rd century at Gamzigrad could be one of the mining - metallurgical and commercial centers (vici, civitas) in the Timok Valley.
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Tsvelykh, A. N., and V. M. Kucherenko. "Settlement dynamics of the Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina (Temm.) on the Crimean Peninsula." “Branta”: Transactions of the Azov-Black Sea Ornithological Station 2020, no. 23 (December 17, 2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/branta2020.23.017.
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The expansion of Oenanthe isabellina in Ukraine began at the end of 1950s - early 1960s. The Isabelline Wheatear settled along the coast of the Sea of Azov from east to west and appeared on the Crimean Peninsula later than in the regions located to the west of it. Since the late 1960s, this species has been nesting near the mouth of the Dnipro River which located in the west of the Crimean Peninsula. The nesting of Oenanthe isabellina was found in the northern part of the Crimean Peninsula in 1973. In the mid-1980s, the Isabelline Wheatear inhabited the northwestern coast of Crimea and appeared far in the east - on the Kerch Peninsula. In the southeastern part of the peninsula the range of the Wheatear reached the Black Sea coast by the end of the 1980s, when the species nesting was found near Feodosia. In the southeastern part of Crimea, the Isabelline Wheatear continued to settle along the Black Sea coast in a westerly direction in the 1990s: its nesting was found near Sudak. In the central Crimea, the species range reached the northern foothills of the Crimean Mountains at this time. The species expansion to the south slowed down by the beginning of the 2000s. In the western Crimea, the southernmost settlement of the Isabelline Wheatear was found near Evpatoria. In the northern foothills of the Crimean Mountains (Central Crimea), the range border has not changed. There were no significant changes in the southeastern Crimea during this period - in the 2000s, O. isabellina nested near Sudak as in the 1990s. The species expansion almost stopped in Crimea in the 2010s. The settling of the Isabelline Wheatear in the steppe regions of the southwestern Crimea did not occur, possibly due to the absence of little ground squirrel settlements, whose burrows birds usually use for nesting. The border of the O. isabellina range has moved southward on about 100 km for three decades - from the beginning of the 1970s to the beginning of the 2000s -, i.e. the settlement speed of the species in Crimea was about 3 km per year.
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Wantiez, Laurent, and Pierre Thollot. "Settlement, post-settlement mortality and growth of the damselfish Chromis fumea (Pisces: Pomacentridae) on two artificial reefs in New Caledonia (south-west Pacific ocean)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 80, no. 6 (December 2000): 1111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400003180.
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Density and size of Chromis fumea (Pisces: Pomacentridae) were regularly monitored during 13 months (from August 1996 to August 1997), on two artificial reefs in New Caledonia (south-west Pacific ocean): a ship-wreck (CT2) just after scuttling, and an assemblage of iron boxes (Caissons) sunk more than 50 years ago. The settlement of C. fumea was first observed 20 August 1996 and lasted 20 days. At the beginning the recruits were 1 cm size-class fish and at the end 2 cm size-class. This major settlement phase was again observed one year later (September 1997). A second minor settlement phase occurred in December 1996 on CT2. Significant immigration of adults was also observed between November 1996 (6 cm) and April 1997 (7 cm), indicating that this species is capable of medium range migration (>50 m). Population size decreased by 87·8% between the settlement of juveniles and the first immigration phase of adults. The final density of the 1996 cohort was 10·5% of the initial input of recruits on CT2 and 19·3% on Caissons. Initial density of recruits was 3·4 times higher on CT2 than on Caissons, whereas density of juveniles was similar at the end of the survey, indicating that post-settlement mortality was greater on CT2. Chromis fumea von Bertalanffy growth models were similar on CT2 and Caissons. This short-lived species is characterized by an initial rapid growth phase (K>3·36 y−1), with the fish reaching 68·5% of L∞ in three months, and a second slower growth phase (1 cm in ten months).
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Ziegler, Amanda F., Lisa Hahn-Woernle, Brian Powell, and Craig R. Smith. "Larval Dispersal Modeling Suggests Limited Ecological Connectivity Between Fjords on the West Antarctic Peninsula." Integrative and Comparative Biology 60, no. 6 (July 3, 2020): 1369–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa094.
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Synopsis Larval dispersal is a key process for community assembly and population maintenance in the marine environment, yet it is extremely difficult to measure at ecologically relevant spatio-temporal scales. We used a high-resolution hydrodynamic model and particle-tracking model to explore the dispersal of simulated larvae in a hydrographically complex region of fjords on the West Antarctic Peninsula. Modeled larvae represented two end members of dispersal potential observed in Antarctic benthos resulting from differing developmental periods and swimming behavior. For simulations of low dispersing larvae (pre-competency period = 8 days, settlement period = 15 days, swimming downward) self-recruitment within fjords was important, with no larval settlement occurring in adjacent fjords <50 km apart. For simulations of highly dispersing organisms (pre-competency period = 35–120 days, settlement period = 30–115 days, no swimming behavior), dispersal between fjords occurred when larvae were in the water column for at least 35 days, but settlement was rarely successful even for larvae spending up to 150 days in the plankton. The lack of ecological connectivity between fjords within a single spawning event suggests that these fjords harbor ecologically distinct populations in which self-recruitment may maintain populations, and genetic connectivity between fjords is likely achieved through stepping-stone dispersal. Export of larvae from natal fjord populations to the broader shelf region (>100 km distance) occurred within surface layers (<100 m depth) and was enhanced by episodic katabatic wind events that may be common in glaciomarine fjords worldwide.
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Hudec, Jozef, Veronica Dubcova, Lucia Hulkova, and Anna Wodzińska. "Tell el-Retaba (West): season 2019." Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, no. 29/2 (December 31, 2020): 117–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/uw.2083-537x.pam29.2.04.
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Area 4 north of the Migdol was the focus of the 2019 season excavations. An apparent well from Phase G3 was discovered with some pottery sherds inside dating from the end of the Middle Kingdom. In the early Eighteenth Dynasty it was turned into a cemetery; seven tombs discovered this season provided the first evidence of suprapositioning of grave structures in this part of the burial ground. The outskirts of the Phase G settlement and cemetery may have been reached in the excavation. Mud-brick structures from Phase F3 were used for domestic and crafting activities. A battery of ovens continued to be excavated. Parts of Phase F2 architecture were excavated beside the Migdol and below the platform of Wall 2. Artifacts and raw materials indicated long-distance contacts. Metal objects (rings, needles) and arrowheads were also discovered. Phase D4 was represented by the remains of a transport route/walkway. Two silos and a fireplace enclosed by a wall dated to phase C.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "West End Settlement"
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Ahmed, Saleh. "Spatial Patterns of Rural and Exurban Residential Settlement and Agricultural Trends in the Intermountain West." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4230.
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In recent years, counties in the Intermountain West (CO, ID, MT, UT, WY) have experienced rapid population growth and housing development, and much of this growth is occurring outside of urban areas. Residental development can have negative impacts on farmlands, farm viability, and environmental services provided by working landscapes. In this study, I use county-level data to explore the association between residential settlement patterns and trends in farm numbers, copland acres, and farm sales between 1997-2012 in this region. Results from traditional ordinary least-squares and spatial regression models demonstrate that population pressure (e.g. rural population density), socioeconomic structure (e.g. median household income), and biophysical resources (e.g. length of growing season) are related to different types of farm trends, but that accounting for the spatial pattern or arrangement of rural and exurban residential development can improve models to explain agricultural change. Since spatial dependencies are present among different variables, this study also demonstrates that spatial regression methods are appropriate and useful to use when modeling country-level processes of socioeconomic change.
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Saltzgiver, Ryan W. "Prototype for Zion: The Original Provo Tabernacle and the Construction of Mormon Zion in the American West." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4422.
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During the winter of 2011–2012, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and Office of Public Archaeology (OPA) at Brigham Young University (BYU) conducted archaeological explorations in urban Provo, Utah. The purpose of the research was to uncover and document the extant remains of the Original or Old Provo Tabernacle (OPT; 42UT1844). The data recovered from that excavation was the impetus for the current study. Through a combination of documentary and archaeological evidence, and using Mormon theology as a lens through which to interpret the actions of nineteenth century Latter-day Saints, this thesis demonstrates the important role played by the OPT in the project of Mormon Zion in the American West. The OPT was the first proposed and eighth completed tabernacle in the LDS Church. In the OPT, Brigham Young initiated a dynamic new building form which was intended to accommodate both the political and economic needs of LDS settlements at a distance from Salt Lake City and the central hierarchy of the Church while simultaneously providing space for Mormon worship and ritual practice. These buildings sought to prepare the Saints of early Utah for the eventual construction of temples throughout the region and, like the Tabernacle of the Congregation anciently, served to build strong communal ties in outlying Mormon settlements.
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Boback, John M. "Indian warfare, household competency, and the settlement of the western Virginia frontier, 1749 to 1794." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5155.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 221 p. : maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 180-208).
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Kearney, James C. 1946. "Friedrichsburg by Friedrich Armand Strubberg : translated and annotated by James C. Kearney." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2221.
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Friedrich Armand Strubberg’s semi-autobiographical novel Friedrichsburg, published in Germany in 1867, is a fountain of information about the German settlements in the Hill Country of Texas established in the years 1844-1848 by a corporation of German noblemen. The noblemen safely ensconced in their comfortable estates in Germany attempted to live up to their responsibilities and supply the settlers with basic needs, but their efforts fell woefully short. In consequence, the immigrants often were thrown upon their own devices and compelled to live from what they could learn to grow or hunt in a new land with unfamiliar climate, plants, and animals. Many hundreds perished from disease, exposure, and malnutrition. But after a painful period, the German settlements took root and began to prosper; lending a Germanic stamp to the Hill Country area of Texas that persists to the present day.
In Friedrichsburg, the reader encounters many dramatic stories attendant to the foundation years of Fredericksburg, Texas, 1846/1847 when Friedrich Armand Strubberg, under the assumed name Dr. Schubbert, served as the first colonial director of the town. The situations are presented vividly and entertainingly, and although the book offers a romanticized and, in this sense, a sanitized version of the immigrants’ travails, I maintain that it contains historically accurate depictions of people and events that have been largely overlooked in other accounts of the period.
The dissertation offers the first complete translation of the novel. An introduction provides an overview of German immigration in Texas, a short biography of Friedrich Armand Strubberg, and a discussion of his place in literature about Texas published in Germany in the nineteenth century. Extensive endnotes document names and episodes as they appear in the text and distinguish between what is fact and what is fiction in the novel. A bibliography of works published about Texas in the nineteenth century is supplied as an appendix.text
Books on the topic "West End Settlement"
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Esmonde Cleary, Simon. Britain at the End of Empire. Edited by Martin Millett, Louise Revell, and Alison Moore. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697731.013.007.
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Later Roman Britain is viewed in a wide context to identify which developments are expressions of wider trends and which are more insular. Four major factors are considered. First, the withdrawal of the imperial presence from northern Gaul and Germany, in particular as it affected the society and economy of these regions, which had become increasingly militarized. Second, the disintegration of the economic formations of the wider West following the removal of the imperial system, especially the economic nexus promoted by the fiscal requirements of the state. Third, the continuing vitality of ‘traditional’ urbanism derived from imperial and senatorial models, expressive of a common aristocratic culture and very visible in southern Britain. Fourth, the changes to settlement and funerary archaeology in the fifth century as expressions of social and economic restructuring. Britain is considered in relation to all these developments, to try to combat over-insular perspectives.
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Patterson, W. B. The Final Challenges. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793700.003.0009.
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The last stages of Fuller’s life coincided with the end of the Cromwellian Protectorate and the return of the Stuart monarchy in the person of Charles I’s son, Charles II. Fuller commented on these events in printed works during the most important steps in the process. His Mixt Contemplations in Better Times proposed a comprehensive religious settlement with toleration for those who chose not to be a part of the national Church. Fuller had recently become minister of Cranford, a parish to the west of London, a living in the gift of George Berkeley, who welcomed the return of the monarchy. Fuller was recognized for his accomplishments by a D.D. degree at Cambridge and by being named a royal chaplain. Fuller died on August 16, 1661. Two hundred members of the London clergy attended his funeral. The anonymous life, which paid tribute to Fuller’s ministry and scholarship, was written by one who evidently knew him well.
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Khatchadourian, Lori. The Iron Age in Eastern Anatolia. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0020.
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This article presents data on the Iron Age of eastern Anatolia. The roughly 900 years embraced by the Iron Age marked a period of radical political transformations shaped first and foremost by the rise and fall of empires. How Urartu emerged in the ninth century BCE is a question whose answer lies most immediately in the opening centuries of the Iron Age. Currently, the very roughest outlines of two different scenarios exist. In the western Armenian plateau, relatively flat settlement hierarchies (compared to the preceding Late Bronze Age) and undifferentiated built spaces in what appear to be village-like constructions at key sites in the Euphrates basin provide few clues for precursors to the kinds of consolidated political institutions that came to reproduce Urartian hegemony. At the other end of the highlands, however, especially in southern Caucasia but perhaps also further west, a political tradition characterized by imposing fortresses continued from the Late Bronze Age, potentially signaling the earliest foundations of Urartu's archipelagic fortress polity. These scenarios invite a two-pronged inquiry into the Iron 1 period focused both on the production of power and authority by an emergent political élite, perched within the stone citadels of the highland mountains, and on the constitution of social difference through routine practices among the region's subject communities.
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Charles, Parkinson. Bills of Rights and Decolonization. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231935.001.0001.
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This book analyzes the British Government's radical change in policy during the late 1950s on the use of bills of rights in colonial territories nearing independence. More broadly it explores the political dimensions of securing the protection of human rights at independence and the peaceful transfer of power through constitutional means. This book fills a major gap in the literature on British and Commonwealth law, history, and politics by documenting how bills of rights became commonplace in Britain' s former overseas territories. It provides a detailed empirical account of the origins of the bills of rights in Britain's former colonial territories in Africa, the West Indies, and South East Asia as well as in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. It sheds light on the development of legal systems at the point of gaining independence and raises questions about the colonial influence on the British legal establishment's change in attitude towards bills of rights in the late 20th century. It presents an alternative perspective on the end of Empire by focusing upon one aspect of constitutional decolonization and the importance of the local legal culture in determining each dependency's constitutional settlement and provides a series of empirical case studies on the incorporation of human rights instruments into domestic constitutions when negotiated between a state and its dependencies. More generally, this book highlights Britain's human rights legacy to its former Empire, and traces the genesis of the bills of rights of over thirty nations from the Commonwealth.
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Jamal, Manal A. Promoting Democracy. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479811380.001.0001.
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Democracy aid has grown considerably since the end of the Cold War. In the late 1980s, less than US$1 billion a year went to democracy assistance; by 2015, the estimated total was more than $10 billion. Despite this overwhelming commitment to spreading democracy abroad, the results have been mixed, and in some cases, this aid has in fact undermined the longer-term prospects for democratic development. What factors account for these different outcomes? Why are democracy promotion efforts far more successful in some cases as opposed to others? Promoting Democracy answers these questions while also providing an often overlooked perspective - the perspective of those most directly affected by the impact of this assistance. By examining two primary conflicttopeace transition cases- the Palestinian territories and El Salvador- and drawing from over 150 interviews with grassroots activists, political leaders, heads of NGOs, and directors of donor agencies, Manal A. Jamal investigates how democracy assistance shaped the re-constitution of political and civic life. She examines these developments at a more macro, general level in terms of democratic outcomes and then at the level of civil society by tracing transformations in one social movement sector--the women’s sector--in each case. She argues that ultimately the pervading political settlements determined the different outcomes, and that democracy assistance mediated these processes. The book then expands the temporal and geographic aperture of the study by examining developments in the Palestinian territories following Ḥamas’ 2006 election victory, and then by investigating the impact of political settlements and the mediating role of democracy assistance in Iraq and South Africa during the start of their political transitions. Jamal challenges more simple accounts that rely on NGO professionalization to explain civil society outcomes and illustrates how pervading political settlements that govern political relations in these contexts ultimately determined the different outcomes. By providing a systematic analysis of how democracy assistance impacts civil society and broader democratic outcomes, she provides new ways of understanding the relationship between foreign aid and domestic political contexts and resolves key debates about the limits of democracy promotion in non-inclusive political contexts.
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Hagan, John, Bill McCarthy, and Daniel Herda. Chicago's Reckoning. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197627860.001.0001.
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Chicago is confronting a racial reckoning that we explain with an exclusion-containment theory of legal cynicism. Mayors RJ and RM Daley used public and private funds to exclude and contain South and West Side predominantly Black neighborhoods where Police Detective Jon Burge supervised torture of over 100 Black men. A 1982 case involved Andrew Wilson’s tortured confession to two police killings. This case coincided with RM Daley’s pursuit of White votes in an early and unsuccessful primary campaign for mayor. Suspicions about Daley’s connection to Wilson’s confession lasted throughout his career. As state’s attorney, Daley mobilized a massive assault on “gangs, guns, and drugs” by tightening law enforcement methods. An example involved the Automatic Transfer Act used to prosecute 15-year-old Joseph White in adult court for shooting a fellow student. The judge thought White should have sought help from police, but White and his family knew the police as brutal occupiers of local neighborhoods. Joseph White was sentenced to 45 years in a maximum-security prison. Jon Burge was finally convicted in 2010—of perjury—but he served only three years, while many of his victims remained on death row. In a sidebar in the Burge trial—unheard by jurors—the judge refused to allow evidence about a racialized code of silence that concealed Burge’s torture. Our book ends by explaining how Daley and Burge escaped meaningful punishment through the code of silence and out-of-court settlements. These remain unrelenting sources of the racial reckoning confronting this quintessential American city.
Book chapters on the topic "West End Settlement"
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García, David Arturo Muñiz, and Kimberly Sumano Ortega. "Constructing the Pre-Hispanic Landscape in the Santiago Bayacora Basin, Durango." In Ancient West Mexicos, 197–230. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066349.003.0007.
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This chapter presents a critical review of the settlement patterns recognized to date in relation to the occupation of Pre-Hispanic groups in the central–west region of the modern state of Durango in northwestern Mexico. It also proposes visualizing settlement patterns in the region through the perspective of landscape archaeology, in which distribution over a given landscape may be viewed as part of a society’s power strategies. To that end, it employs spatial analysis to critically examine a series of settlements that pertain to the Chalchihuites culture between AD 550–1250 in the Santiago Bayacora River Basin. Results suggest that Chalchihuites groups may have shared a system of knowledge–power with the rest of Mesoamerica, but that their physical landscape was distinct, and therefore the ways in which these groups appropriated the landscape differed. The chapter concludes by suggesting that the logic that dominates our interpretations of Mesoamerican settlements needs rethinking in northwestern Mexico.
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Slater, Jerome. "The Rise and Fall of the Peace Process, 1975–99." In Mythologies Without End, 219–40. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459086.003.0015.
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A number of international and US efforts to bring about an Israeli-Palestinian peace settlement were undertaken between 1975 and 2000, but all failed, largely though not entirely because Israeli intransigence. Rejectionism and continuing settlement expansion in the West Bank and Jerusalem led to the first Palestinian intifada (uprising). The most important and initially hopeful peace effort was the 1993 Oslo Accords, negotiated by Palestinian and Israel doves. On paper, Oslo established a number of “principles” that would govern a peace settlement, which would be negotiated in the next five years. However, Oslo ultimately failed and no peace settlement was reached, largely because the Israeli governments of Rabin, Peres, and Netanyahu continued to resist a two-state settlement and extremists on both sides turned to violence and terrorism.
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Slater, Jerome. "The Cold War and the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1967–74." In Mythologies Without End, 147–70. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459086.003.0010.
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During the Cold War, the Arab-Israeli conflict became entangled in the global rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. American policymakers, particularly Henry Kissinger, believed that the Soviets wanted to exploit the Arab-Israeli conflict to drive the West from the Middle East and dominate the region. To prevent that, the Nixon administration sought to end Soviet influence there and exclude it from all efforts to reach a negotiated settlement. However, the American view was based on misperceptions about Soviet interests and objectives in the region. In fact, fearing American dominance and a war with the United States, the Soviets proposed a joint superpower-guaranteed or even imposed comprehensive peace settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Because the United States spurned these proposals, the Cold War was exacerbated, there were several near-confrontations between the superpowers, and important opportunities to reach a comprehensive settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict were permanently lost.
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Boulton, Jeremy. "2 Double Deterrence: Settlement and Practice in London’s West End, 1725–1824." In Migration, Settlement and Belonging in Europe, 1500–1930s, 54–80. Berghahn Books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781782381464-004.
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Lillios, Katina T. "Regional settlement abandonment at the end of the Copper Age in the lowlands of west–central Portugal." In The Abandonment of Settlements and Regions, 110–20. Cambridge University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511735240.009.
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Santagati, Elena. "Collecting in Sicily in the Nineteenth Century: Baron Judica and the Wonders of Ancient Akrai." In Collecting Antiquities from the Middle Ages to the End of the Nineteenth Century: Proceedings of the International Conference Held on March 25-26, 2021 at the Wrocław University Institute of Art History, 129–41. Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/9788381385862.05.
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The first studies on the ancient Syracuse settlement in Acrae (663 BC Thuc. 6,5) date back to the 16th century, when Fazellus located the ancient Greek apoikia just west of modern-day Palazzolo Acreide (Syracuse). However, the actual archeological field study in the ancient Greek polis took place as late as 1809, thanks to Baron Judica’s passion towards archeology. He devoted his life and all his wealth to ancient Acrae, where he brought to light its vestiges, thereby giving back to Sicily a piece of its ancient history. Thanks to his tireless effort, passion, and dedication, the Judica collection boasted over 3,000 artifacts, including 892 exquisite Greek vases. This paper will focus on how this very collection was formed.
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Harding, Dennis. "Communities of the dead." In Death and Burial in Iron Age Britain. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199687565.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Burial monuments of the Neolithic and Bronze Age, individual or in cemeteries, were often located in topographically prominent positions, or in zones of concentration that might qualify as ‘sacred landscapes’. In the Iron Age by contrast it is not obvious what governed the choice of location for cemeteries and smaller burial grounds, whether they were sited in relationship to settlement or whether there were traditional locations dedicated to burial. For some of the eastern Yorkshire square-ditched barrow cemeteries Bevan (1999: 137–8) considered proximity to water may have been a factor. Dent (1982: 450) stressed the siting of Arras type barrows and cemeteries adjacent to linear boundaries and trackways, a factor that is very apparent in the linear spread at Wetwang Slack. Though we may distinguish burials that are integrated into settlements from those that are segregated into cemeteries, therefore, there is no implication that cemeteries were remote from settlements. In fact, the contrary is often demonstrably the case. There is some evidence that small cemeteries or burial grounds were located immediately beyond the enclosure earthworks of hillforts. At Maiden Castle, Dorset (Fig. 3.1; Wheeler, 1943), the picture is prejudiced by the dominance of the ‘war cemetery’ in the eastern entrance, but the reality is that there had been a burial ground just outside the ramparts well before the conquest. A possible parallel is Battlesbury, where Mrs Cunnington (1924: 373) recorded the discovery of human skeletons from time to time in a chalk quarry just outside the north-west entrance to the camp. Some of these were contracted inhumations, and apparently included one instance of an adult and child buried together. The attribution of a ‘war cemetery’ (Pugh and Crittall, 1957: 118 evidently refers to this external burial site, which should be distinguished from the burials excavated more than a century earlier by William Cunnington within the hillfort at its north-west end (Colt Hoare, 1812: 69). Iron Age inhumations were also found, just within the rampart circuit, at Grimthorpe in Yorkshire (Mortimer, 1905: 150–2; Stead, 1968: 166–73). One of these was the well-known warrior burial, found in 1868.
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Bazyler, Michael J., Kathryn Lee Boyd, Kristen L. Nelson, and Rajika L. Shah. "Germany." In Searching for Justice After the Holocaust, 151–70. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923068.003.0018.
Full textAbstract:
Within months of becoming Chancellor in 1933, Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party began to implement legal and extralegal measures to dispossess German Jews of their civil rights and their property. During the following 12 years, the regime systematically dispossessed Jews, Roma, and other targeted groups (in Germany and in other territories occupied by the Nazis and other Axis powers) of their dignity, jobs, homes, and businesses. By 1943, the German Reich was declared “free of Jews.” In the years since the end of World War II (under Allied occupation beginning in 1945, during the division of the country into East and West Germany, and finally after unification in 1990) various laws and other measures have been enacted to address restitution of confiscated immovable private, communal, and heirless property. This includes settlement agreements with foreign countries, national legislation, as well as the establishment of so-called Jewish “successor organizations” to claim heirless property and communal property. Germany’s restitution laws for Jewish stolen property have been the most comprehensive in Europe. Germany endorsed the Terezin Declaration in 2009 and the Guidelines and Best Practices in 2010.
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Cour, Jean-Marie. "Migration and Settlement Management in Sub-Saharan and West Africa." In West African Studies, 73–97. OECD, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264056015-5-en.
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Slater, Jerome. "The Arab-Israeli and Israeli-Palestinian Conflicts in the Netanyahu/Trump Era, 2017–20." In Mythologies Without End, 328–44. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459086.003.0020.
Full textAbstract:
In the last few years, especially in his April 2019, September 2019 and March 2020 electoral campaigns, Netanyahu said Israel would soon annex much of the West Bank, especially the Jordan River valley. However, there is strong Israeli opposition to annexation, especially from the security establishment, which fears it would precipitate a major Palestinian uprising. Moreover, many Israeli political analysts are doubtful that Netanyahu will proceed to outright annexation and instead settle for de facto “creeping” annexation over large portions of the West Bank, especially all the Jewish settlements. The Trump administration would almost certainly support that, as its “Trump Plan” continues its unconditional support for all of Netanyahu’s policies and goals. In Gaza, in practice Hamas has given up its goal of taking over all of historic Palestine, including Israel, and will settle for Israeli acquiescence in its continued rule over Gaza. There are increasing indications that Israel might do so, providing that Hamas ends all attacks on Israel from Gaza. Moreover, Israel has long wanted to separate Gaza from the West Bank, thus preventing the creation of a unified Palestinian state.
Conference papers on the topic "West End Settlement"
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Zhen, Huang, Yang Bo, Li Guoying, Ren Jian, and Wang Xiaoling. "The Model of Sandbody Controlled by Dynamic Provenance System and its Exploration Significance in Superposition Area of Strike-Slip and Extension Stress in the South of Bohai Sea." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21192-ms.
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Abstract Laizhouwan sag in Bohai Bay basin is a fault basin controlled by extensional fault depression and strike slip pull apart, which is an important oil and gas exploration area in Bohai Bay. Exploration practice shows that the prediction of high quality reservoir is the core problem of exploration in this area. Based on the analysis of drilling, seismic data and structural physical simulation in Laizhouwan depression, this paper analyzes the structural deformation under the stress field of strike slip extensional superposition, and points out the dynamic source controlled sand model in the strike slip extensional superposition area. Firstly, The structural response of "pressure relief settlement, pressure boosting uplift" under the mechanism of strike slip extension stress superposition stress is the root cause of block uplift drop alternation transformation. As a result, the southern slope zone of Laizhouwan depression shows the structural pattern of early uplift and late uplift in the East and early uplift and late uplift in the west, forming a "seesaw" structural evolution pattern. Secondly, the unique paleogeomorphology controls the orderly distribution of sedimentary system in time and space. In the Paleocene, the east uplifted, forming a local provenance system. In the denudation area above the slope break developed fracture weathering shell type reservoirs, and the subsidence area under the slope break developed fan delta deposits; In the early Eocene, the relatively flat platform palaeogeomorphology was developed, which created favorable conditions for the development of mixed sedimentary body of lacustrine carbonate and delta; At the end of Eocene, the West was pressurized and uplifted, the East was released and subsided, and the braided river delta sediments of Western provenance were developed. Under the guidance of this recognition, the hidden dynamic provenance was successfully identified in the study area.
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Ponce de León, Lidia. "Re-interpretando el corredor noroeste de Madrid 1956 – 2011: las piezas que componen el territorio del CoNOMad y sus lógicas." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Instituto de Arte Americano. Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.5880.
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Este trabajo se centra en entender las transformaciones urbanísticas en el Corredor Noroeste de Madrid (CoNOMad) en las últimas décadas, para buscar sus patrones y lógicas. El corredor es un espacio de crecimiento disperso vinculado tradicionalmente a los asentamientos de baja densidad de la Comunidad de Madrid, límite entre sierra y ciudad y vertebrado por la carretera Nacional VI.
Se analiza este espacio atendiendo a tres
factores: el paisaje, las infraestructuras y los asentamientos. Este método de análisis
permite encontrar diferentes piezas que se repiten a lo largo del corredor y lógicas de
implantación en el mismo. El artículo se estructura en tres partes: 1. CoNOMad, 2. Las Piezas del territorio y 3. La lógica de las piezas. The expansion of the suburbs in Madrid has been a unique phenomenon in the past decades, spreading out in fragmented pi
eces across the landscape of Madrid. The purpose of this work is to study the traditional low-density suburbs of the Region of Madrid (Madrid North west Corridor
(CoNOMad). This corridor stands in the
limit between the city of Madrid and the mountains, being the border of the new city. This area is analyzed attending to three
elements: landscape, infrastructures and settlements. This analytical methodology
allows us to distinguish different pieces that compose this area and to disclaim a number of logics of how they repeat and place themselves in the corridor. The article is divided in three parts: 1. CoNOMad. 2. The pieces of the territory and 3. The pieces logics.