Academic literature on the topic 'Weme (African people)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Weme (African people)"
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Olukayode, FISHER Augustus, OLUDEMI Akintayo Shoboyejo, and ADEBOGUN, Babatunde Olayinka. "DECOLONISATION IN AFRICAN POLITICAL THOUGHT." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts 1, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/ijmdsa.v1i1.1647.
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In essence, African political thought evolved as a result of colonialism and the anti-colonial reactions of first-order African elites. The debate among the episodic and the epochal school of thought over the place of colonialism in African political thought suggests that it took colonialism to inform the people of the continent that they were Africans. Also that Africa had a glorious pre-colonial past. It offered the diverse peoples of the continent a rallying point for unity. This unity was the basis of the anti-colonial reactions especially in the decade before political independence in Africa. This work attempts to examine the origin of African political thought, and the decolonization process in selected regions of the continent namely North-West Africa (Tunisia and Morocco) and British West-Africa. The main source of data collection depends on secondary materials
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Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. "Building intellectual bridges: from African studies and African American studies to Africana studies in the United States." Afrika Focus 24, no. 2 (February 25, 2011): 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-02402003.
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The study of Africa and its peoples in the United States has a complex history. It has involved the study of both an external and internal other, of social realities in Africa and the condition of people• of African descent in the United States. This paper traces and examines the complex intellectual, institutional, and ideological histories and intersections of African studies and African American studies. It argues that the two fields were founded by African American scholar activists as part of a Pan-African project before their divergence in the historically white universities after World War II in the maelstrom of decolonization in Africa and civil rights struggles in the United States. However, from the late 1980s and 1990s, the two fields began to converge, a process captured in the development of what has been called Africana studies. The factors behind this are attributed to both demographic shifts in American society and the academy including increased African migrations in general and of African academics in particular fleeing structural adjustment programs that devastated African universities, as well as the emergence of new scholarly paradigms especially the field of diaspora studies. The paper concludes with an examination of the likely impact of the Obama era on Africana studies.
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Brielle, Esther S., Jeffrey Fleisher, Stephanie Wynne-Jones, Kendra Sirak, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Kim Callan, Elizabeth Curtis, et al. "Entwined African and Asian genetic roots of medieval peoples of the Swahili coast." Nature 615, no. 7954 (March 29, 2023): 866–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05754-w.
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AbstractThe urban peoples of the Swahili coast traded across eastern Africa and the Indian Ocean and were among the first practitioners of Islam among sub-Saharan people1,2. The extent to which these early interactions between Africans and non-Africans were accompanied by genetic exchange remains unknown. Here we report ancient DNA data for 80 individuals from 6 medieval and early modern (ad 1250–1800) coastal towns and an inland town after ad 1650. More than half of the DNA of many of the individuals from coastal towns originates from primarily female ancestors from Africa, with a large proportion—and occasionally more than half—of the DNA coming from Asian ancestors. The Asian ancestry includes components associated with Persia and India, with 80–90% of the Asian DNA originating from Persian men. Peoples of African and Asian origins began to mix by about ad 1000, coinciding with the large-scale adoption of Islam. Before about ad 1500, the Southwest Asian ancestry was mainly Persian-related, consistent with the narrative of the Kilwa Chronicle, the oldest history told by people of the Swahili coast3. After this time, the sources of DNA became increasingly Arabian, consistent with evidence of growing interactions with southern Arabia4. Subsequent interactions with Asian and African people further changed the ancestry of present-day people of the Swahili coast in relation to the medieval individuals whose DNA we sequenced.
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Malisa, Mark, and Phillippa Nhengeze. "Pan-Africanism: A Quest for Liberation and the Pursuit of a United Africa." Genealogy 2, no. 3 (August 14, 2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy2030028.
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Our paper examines the place of Pan-Africanism as an educational, political, and cultural movement which had a lasting impact on the on the relationship between liberation and people of African descent, in the continent of Africa and the Diaspora. We also show its evolution, beginning with formerly enslaved Africans in the Americas, to the colonial borders of the 1884 Berlin Conference, and conclude with the independence movements in Africa. For formerly enslaved Africans, Pan-Africanism was an idea that helped them see their commonalities as victims of racism. That is, they realized that they were enslaved because they came from the same continent and shared the same racial heritage. They associated the continent of Africa with freedom. The partitioning of Africa at the Berlin Conference (colonialism) created pseudo-nation states out of what was initially seen as an undivided continent. Pan-Africanism provided an ideology for rallying Africans at home and abroad against colonialism, and the creation of colonial nation-states did not erase the idea of a united Africa. As different African nations gained political independence, they took it upon themselves to support those countries fighting for their independence. The belief, then, was that as long as one African nation was not free, the continent could not be viewed as free. The existence of nation-states did not imply the negation of Pan-Africanism. The political ideas we examine include those of Marcus Garvey, W.E.B. Du Bois, Kwame Nkrumah, Maya Angelou, and Thabo Mbeki. Pan-Africanism, as it were, has shaped how many people understand the history of Africa and of African people.
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Mangu, André Mbata B. "The Changing Human Rights Landscape in Africa: Organisation of African Unity, African Union, New Partnership for Africa's Development and the African Court." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 23, no. 3 (September 2005): 379–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934410502300304.
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As Pliny the Elder once put it, ‘ex Africa semper aliquid novi’. There is always some thing new coming out of Africa, and this time for the better. Over the last decade, some important developments unfolded on the African continent with the potential to impact on the future of African peoples. The African Union (AU) whose major purpose is to place Africa firmly on the road to development replaced the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) was launched to achieve African renaissance. The African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) was devised as NEPAD's linchpin and both were integrated within the AU. The Protocol to the African Charter establishing an African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights finally came into operation. There is renewed hope that a new era has begun and time has come for Africa's development, which is not possible without a more effective and better protection of human rights. In this article, the author reflects on the changing human rights landscape in Africa under the AU, NEPAD, and the African Court.
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Udo, Effiong Joseph. "A Reimagination of Dialogue and Democracy in Africa via an Afrocentric Reading of the Parable of the Sower (Lk. 8:4–8)." Journal of Ecumenical Studies 58, no. 3 (June 2023): 305–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ecu.2023.a907019.
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precis: One of the key principles of dialogue argues that participants in dialogue are to describe themselves and not to be described by others. Understandably, this is to avoid an incorrect characterization of others. Hence, by applying an Afrocentric lens to the Parable of the Sower, an African Christian self-description in relation to the concept and practice of dialogue and democracy in Africa is attempted in this study. This is needful since Africans have long suffered from the negative imagination and description by many Westerners. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Africans were seen as a "people without history" and, lately, as a "people without democracy," despite the existence of people-centered values and rich social systems in Africa. By adopting a qualitative research design that combines Afrocentric hermeneutics with appreciative inquiry, the study examines the Parable of the Sower and the themes of seed-sowing, fertile ground, and transformative growth through the lens of African cultural values and experiences. It draws on the concepts of African personhood and the social ethics of communalism and ubuntu to demonstrate how an Afrocentric reading of the parable can inform a reimagination of dialogue and democracy in Africa.
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Davidson, Apollon. "Our African Studies Were Born Twice. Notes for Discussion." ISTORIYA 13, no. 3 (113) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840020877-3.
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The article looks at the first period of Soviet African studies, when they were located within the framework of the Communist International. It is noted that the goal of the Comintern institutions and organizations associated with African countries was primarily to spread among them the idea of the coming world proletarian revolution — and that Africans should become its participants. This goal was the main one in the education system that was offered to Africans invited to study at the Moscow KUTVE — the Communist University of the Working People of the East or at the Comintern International Lenin School. Therefore, in the Comintern scientific and educational organizations, much attention was drawn to the changes in the social structures of African societies, especially to the growth of the proletariat and to the emergence of political and trade union associations.
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Arap Chepkwony, Adam Kiplangat. "Interrogating Issues of Sexuality in Africa: An African Christian Response." East African Journal of Traditions, Culture and Religion 4, no. 1 (November 6, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajtcr.4.1.457.
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The issues of sexuality have been very contentious in Africa more so after the legalization of same-sex marriages by the U.S. Supreme Court in June 2015 under the President Obama reign. Africans have resented the way sexuality is understood and practiced in the west and has termed it un-African. Some scholars and indeed African leaders have argued that the attitude towards sexuality is a modern practice which is being introduced and even forced to Africa by modernity and influenced greatly by the western worldview. In a modern setting, different sexual orientation has been accepted as a lifestyle and has been institutionalized. Although African does not refute the fact that there were and indeed still are people with different sexual orientation, they do not find it right to institutionalize it since according to African culture, this is an abnormality that needs to be corrected, sympathized with and tolerated. To that end, African peoples assisted those with a different sexual orientation to live normal lives as much as possible. At the same time, the community was kind and tolerant and never banished or mistreated them based on their sexual orientation. This paper will attempt to show the attitude taken by the African people, the process of assisting those with different sexual orientation and how they were incorporated into the society. The paper will draw valuable lessons to be learned by modernity and which will correspond to African Christianity in accordance with the teaching of Jesus Christ
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Gordon, Steven Lawrence. "Understanding semantic differential measures in modern South Africa: attitudes of Black Africans towards White South Africans." South African Journal of Psychology 48, no. 4 (September 28, 2017): 526–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246317725921.
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The future success of South Africa’s unique democracy depends on the development of harmonious race relations. Understanding the factors underlying the country’s interracial attitudes is, consequently, important. Social identity theory suggests that Black African attitudes towards White people are connected to their evaluations of South Africa’s other racial minorities. This thesis seems counterintuitive given that White people are associated with a long history of political, economic, and social oppression in the collective memory of many Black African communities. Nationally representative data from the South African Social Attitudes Survey were used to validate the thesis that Black Africans’ evaluations of White people correlated with their assessments of other racial groups. Pairwise correlation analysis was employed to test the article’s hypothesis. The results presented in this article showed that Black Africans’ evaluations towards the White minority correlated with their evaluations of other racial minorities in South Africa. Multivariate analysis, specifically a standard (ordinary least squares) linear regression, was used to confirm the bivariate analysis. Black Africans’ attitudes towards White people were strongly correlated with attitudes towards the country’s two other major racial minorities. This finding held even controlling for contact with White people as well as a range of socio-economic characteristics. The outcomes of this article invite closer examination of the factors that underlie the generality of outgroup evaluations among South Africa’s Black African majority.
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Webb, Mattie C. "People Before Profit?" Ethnic Studies Review 44, no. 3 (2021): 64–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2021.44.3.64.
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Focusing on the automobile industry in Port Elizabeth, South Africa, this article demonstrates how Ford Motor Company and General Motors challenged apartheid through adherence to the Sullivan Principles, while maintaining cordial relations with the capitalist South African government in the late-apartheid period. Designed to promote desegregation of the workplace and equal pay for equal work, the Sullivan Principles were a controversial code of conduct for US subsidiaries operating in apartheid South Africa. Leon Sullivan, an African American civil rights leader, unveiled the Principles in March 1977 with the support of US multinationals, including both Ford and GM. Drawing on archival sources from both the United States and South Africa, the author traces how these American multinational corporations did not sufficiently allay their workers' most pressing concerns, nor did they firmly challenge the South African government. The Principles’ shortcomings underscore the disconnect between the anti-apartheid movement’s calls for revolutionary transformation and the American business community’s focus on evolutionary change, thus highlighting the tensions between international capital and South Africa’s racialized labor relations.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Weme (African people)"
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Ntuli, Sihle Herbert. "The history of the Mthiyane people who were removed from Richards Bay to Ntambanana wendsday 6 January 1976." Thesis, University of Zululand, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1310.
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Mini-thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree B.A. Honours in the History at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 1998.This paper seeks specifically to analyse the history of the people who were forcibly removed from the present day Richards Bay (previously called Mhlathuze Lagoon.) to the arid land of Ntambanana. The Paper will concentrate on the experience endured by these people' during this unfortunate episode. The experience entailed difficulties, deaths, hunger, resistance and even in some cases willingness or happiness, homelessness etc. It is also interesting to indicate that the Group Areas Act, which strongly manifested itself through force removal was forcefully implemented in moving the original inhabitants of Richards Bay.
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Cloete, Allanise. ""Things were better then": an ethnographic study of the violence of everyday life and remembrance of older people in the community of Belhar." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This minithesis provides an ethnographic account of the life world of older people in the community of Belhar in the Cape Peninsula, which was historically categorised as a &lsquocoloured&rsquo
community during the implementation of the Group Areas Act. By content analysing newspaper articles published in the early 1980s and specifically during the implementation of the Group Areas Act I found that many of the residents reported that they lived in fear of their lives, in what was once known as a &lsquo
prestige suburb&rsquo
. At the present time the community of Belhar is an intensely gang-infested area. From preliminary research done by myself at a senior citizen centre in Belhar, the high incidence of violence was a recurring theme throughout discussions with older people. In fact when I posed the question Why do you come to the centre five days a week? to a group of older people they answered without hesitation It is unsafe for an older person to be alone during the day. Answers like these to many of the questions that I posed would almost always be followed with Things were better then. It also was apparent that the older people in this community remember (or perhaps reconstruct) the past in the context of their present living situation. This became the leading theme in my study and is also the background against which I had formulated my research questions. However this study not only focused on the impact of the high incidence of violence on the community of older people but also essentially looked at elderly residents&rsquo
everyday lived experiences in Belhar. The research sample consisted of twenty elderly residents and four key informants. The latter provided mainly infrastructural data on the community. Primary data was collected by using ethnographic techniques of inquiry which included participant observation and unstructured interviews. Results revealed that older people occupy a liminal space both in the community and in their households. I also found that the elderly stroke victim is twice silenced and marginalized due to the constraints brought on by their chronic illness and their status as an older person in the community.
Books on the topic "Weme (African people)"
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Bogniaho, Ascension. Couvent, personne et nom dans Wém[Weme-gbe letter]. Cotonou: FLASH/UNB, 2001.
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University of Delaware. Center for Material Culture Studies., ed. People were close. Newark, Del: The Center for Material Culture Studies University of Delaware, 2005.
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When we began there were witchmen: An oral history from Mount Kenya. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
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Jurgen, Schadeberg, ed. The Fifties people of South Africa: The lives of some ninety-five people who were influential in South Africa during the fifties ... [South Africa]: Bailey's African Photo Archives, 1987.
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Willis, Justin. Were not the Bondes friends of the Wazungu?: The missionary construct of Bondei identity. [Nairobi]: University of Nairobi, Dept. of History, 1990.
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Awóníyì, Timothy Adedeji. Were it not for God--: An account of public testimonies of God's divine intervention at critical stages in my life. Ibadan, Nigeria: PAAEC, 2011.
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Schwatlo, Winfried. Das Verständnis der Heilsgewissheit in Afrika?: Wege zu ihrer Kontextualisierung unter den Christen der Wakaguru. Bad Liebenzell: Liebenzeller Mission, 2001.
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Nebo, Chinedu Ositadinma. Nigerian sectoral underdevelopment and leadership challenges: The Igbo perspective (Ka obodo were ga n'iru). Imo State, Nigeria?]: www.ahiajoku.com, 2010.
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Nebo, Chinedu Ositadinma. Nigerian sectoral underdevelopment and leadership challenges: The Igbo perspective (Ka obodo were ga n'iru). Nigeria: University of Nigeria, 2010.
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1931-, Schadeberg Jurgen, and Gosani Bob, eds. The Fifties people of South Africa: The lives of some ninety-five people who were influential in South Africa during the fifties, a period which saw the first stirrings of the coming revolution. South Africa: Bailey's African Photo Archives, 1987.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Weme (African people)"
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Seekings, Jeremy. "The Social Question in Pre-apartheid South Africa: Race, Religion and the State." In One Hundred Years of Social Protection, 191–220. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54959-6_6.
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AbstractIn the first half of the twentieth century, “social” issues in South Africa were framed by both rapid social and economic change (especially industrialisation and urbanisation) and racial division. The social question in South Africa was as much a racialised version of a “national question” as a social one, revolving around the social and economic inclusion (through state intervention) of “poor white” people and white workers and the reinforcement of a clear racial hierarchy. From the 1930s, political elites slowly moved towards the very partial inclusion of the African majority. Political and religious ideas, primarily from Europe, informed understandings of the social question among both supporters and opponents of public provision.
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Chege, Zachary Mwangi, and Peter Maina Wanjohi. "A Value Chain Approach to Data Production, Use, and Governance for Sound Policymaking in Africa." In Data Governance and Policy in Africa, 31–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24498-8_3.
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AbstractThe objective of this chapter was to investigate the value chain approach to data production in Africa and how it can be improved to enable sound policymaking in the continent. The research also explored ways of increasing uptake of official statistics for informing decision-making in policy formulation as well as other aspects like social environmental issues. The need for this research stems from the fact that Africa has in general lagged other continents in developmental matters and by extension improvement of living standards for its people. The research reviewed existing literature and identified and examined gaps and challenges regarding production and use of official statistics in Africa. Data governance gaps and weaknesses in Africa were also examined. The research also conducted three case studies covering Australian Bureau of Statistics, National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda, and Statistics South Africa where their practices regarding data production, use, and governance were reviewed. Value chain analysis was conducted based on the gaps, challenges, and case studies, and recommendations were made regarding data production, use, and governance in Africa. The research has made recommendations that need to be implemented by African countries in pursuit of sound policymaking for better economies of their citizens.
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Hård, Mikael. "Accessing Electricity in East Africa: Dar es Salaam Dwellers Pursue Power." In Microhistories of Technology, 101–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22813-1_5.
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AbstractIn colonial Dar es Salaam, electricity was meant to signal social status—and to differentiate high-income and low-income neighborhoods. Only wealthy colonizers and merchants had full access to electric power. Whereas the majority of people in European cities were provided electricity in their homes, most people deemed “African” in Dar es Salaam were denied access to the grid. Despite the electricity providers’ purported role as “public utilities,” they did not serve the majority of the population. Chapter 5 argues that electricity provision in the capital of German East Africa and British Tanganyika was a biased process in which power was dispensed according to class and perceived race. Exercising their political power, the city authorities prioritized lighting public spaces such as downtown streets, large thoroughfares, and the streets of upper-class neighborhoods.
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Lofkrantz, Jennifer. "Slavery in Islamic West Africa." In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Slavery throughout History, 479–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13260-5_27.
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AbstractThis chapter examines the issues of enslavement, slavery, and pathways to freedom in the nineteenth-century West African states established through revolutionary jihad in what is now mostly contemporary Mali and northern Nigeria. The jihads were primarily anti-slavery movements. Yet, the leaders of these movements were not interested in outlawing slavery for everyone, but in protecting people they considered to be freeborn Muslims from enslavement and in regulating slavery according to their interpretation of the Mālikī madh’hab, the Sunni school of law that was dominant in precolonial Muslim West Africa. Ironically, for states founded with the priority of instituting more “ethical/legal” slavery policies, slavery actually increased in the region as demand for agricultural products produced by enslaved labor, mostly women, increased.
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Wagino, Abbebe Marra, and Teshale W. Amanuel. "Community Adaptation to Climate Change: Case of Gumuz People, Metekel Zone, Northwest Ethiopia." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2339–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_244.
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AbstractThe effect of climate change on agricultural-dependent communities is immense. Ethiopia in which more than 85% of its population is agrarian is affected by climate change. Communities in different parts of the country perceived climate change and practice different climate change adaptation strategies. This chapter was initiated to identify adaptation strategy to the impact of changing climate. Data on a total of 180 households were gathered using structured and semi-structured questioners. Focus group discussion and key informant interview were also used for data collection. Climatic data from the nearest meteorological stations of the area were collected and used in this chapter. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The upshot indicated that all the respondent communities experienced at least one of autonomous/self-adaptation strategies to cope and live with the impacts of changing climate. Though 33.6% complained on its accessibility and pricing, 66.4% of the respondents reviled as they do not have any awareness on improved agricultural technologies. The major adaptation strategies identified were collecting and using of edible wild plants and other forest products, hunting, renting/selling of own farm lands, livestock sell, selling of household materials/assets, collecting and selling of wood and wood products and depending on well-off relatives, using drought-resistant crop variety, changing cropping calendar, replanting/sowing, and increasing farmland size. Nevertheless, the communities are not yet fully aware and accessed to policy-driven options for climate change adaptation. Although they used different autonomous adaptation mechanisms, the households are not resilient to the current and perceived climate change. Finally, based on the findings, the recommendation is that besides encouraging the existing community-based adaptation strategies planned adaptation strategies have to be implemented: such as early-warning and preparedness programs have to be effectively implemented in the area, introduction of different drought-resistant locally adapted food crop varieties, and expansion of large-scale investment in the area has to be checked, and give due recognition to forest ecosystem–based adaptation mechanisms of the local community in the area.
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Vinson, Robert Trent. "“African Redemption”." In The Oxford Handbook of South African History, C10.S1—C10.N89. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190921767.013.10.
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Abstract This chapter surveys the politico-religious “prophesies of deliverance” in Ethiopian, Israelite, and Zionist Christian communities and in ostensibly secular Pan-Africanist, Garveyist, Marxist, and Africanist movements in segregationist South Africa (c.1890–1948). Black South Africans’ rich and varied interactions with African Americans and with overlapping Caribbean and continental African diasporic peoples were central to these transnational politico-religious movements. Following the intertwined lived historical experiences of these Africans and diasporic blacks, this chapter brings together often-separate African and African Diaspora histories within a “Global Africa” framework. Within the political context of segregationist South Africa, these black transnational religious movements had profound political implications. Transnational Black Christians viewed white supremacist claims that Africans were inferior, static, and primitive people outside of dynamic historical and contemporary processes, and were not fully equal in the Kingdom of God, as a political and theological evil. Transnational black Christians often saw themselves as modern-day Israelites, central actors in the divinely ordained movement of “African regeneration” to rescue humanity from the crisis of global white supremacy. For them, the Bible was not a closed historical record of a bygone and foreign people but a dynamic open book that prophesied imminent revelation and deliverance. Beyond their own close readings of the Bible, transnational Black Christians, reflecting their own sense of divinity, also wrote their own sacred texts, created their own black-led religious communities, educational institutions and entrepreneurial enterprises, claimed control of land and their labor, and infused ostensibly secular politics with fiery prophesies of imminent deliverance from the shackles of white supremacy.
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"Emigration of the Colored People of the United States." In The Speeches of Bishop Henry McNeal Turner, edited by Andre E. Johnson, 106–14. University Press of Mississippi, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496843852.003.0018.
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This chapter reviews Bishop Henry McNeal Turner's speech that was prepared for the National Conference of Colored Men in Nashville, Tennessee on May 6, 1879. It explores Turner's theory of emigration and his argument in favor of Black emigration to Africa. Although the speech prepared was never delivered, it contains Turner's first full-throated argument for emigration and offers three primary reasons for doing so. First, African Americans should take pride in their homeland and second, Africa's land and climate offered some of the best advantages for planting and farming. The chapter discusses the third reason for emigration, wherein Turner predicted that bad times were ahead for America and even worse times for African Americans.
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LeFanu, Sarah. "Mary Kingsley 1896–1899." In Something of Themselves, 109–32. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197501443.003.0006.
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This chapter explores how Mary Kingsley believed the British merchants and traders in West Africa were better placed than missionaries or colonial officials to understand West African beliefs, laws and social practices; she supported the liquor trade. It looks at her two major books, Travels in West Africa and West African Studies, analyzing Kingsley’s literary style and the challenges her observations and arguments posed to the British colonial authorities and the Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain. In this chapter we see the emergence of Kingsley as a political campaigner for the rights of Africans, as she campaigns against the Hut Tax that was imposed on the people of Sierra Leone in 1898. The South African War offered her an excuse to leave England and return to the Africa she loved.
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Ekpatt, AniediAbasi Okon. "Concepts of God, Divinities, Ancestors, and Spirits in African Traditional Religious Thought." In Phenomenological Approaches to Religion and Spirituality, 18–43. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4595-9.ch002.
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The concept of god, divinities, ancestors, and spirits in African traditional religious ontology has been misunderstood by many scholars to the point of seeing Africans as people who did not know the supreme being nor worship him. Africans were seen as worshipping strange god(s). Against this backdrop, the researcher undertook this study to show that the concept of god is not strange to Africans and that in traditional Africa there is no atheist. Africans rather see the divinities as special beings, offspring, and/or apparitional beings who receive their authority from the supreme being to serve in the unitary theocratic system of the supreme being's government. This study adopts the descriptive and analytical research methods to investigate African traditional religious lifestyle, beliefs, and practices. This chapter concludes by suggesting that there is the need for proper religious education, a theology of enculturation, and understanding of African worldviews in order to sustain Africans' beliefs and practices.
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Abur, William. "Migration and Settlement of African People in Australia." In Human Migration in the Last Three Centuries [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107083.
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Australia is a country that hosts millions of migrants from different countries and continents. This chapter presents the migration history of African Australians and the settlement challenges encountered by these families and individuals. In the last two decades, there has been a growing number of African communities in Australia. African people migrate to Australia for many reasons, including job-seeking and civil wars caused by race, religion, nationality, and membership in particular social or political groups. In the 2020 census, over 400,000 people living in Australia recorded they were of African origin. This represents 1.6% of the Australian population and 5.1% of Australia’s overseas-born population. Most (58%) are white South Africans, but 42% are black Africans from sub-Saharan countries. Some people within these African populations did not settle well or adjust effectively to Australian society due to Australia’s predominantly Anglo-Saxon culture. Therefore, this chapter discusses migration and settlement issues faced by African community groups in Australia.
Conference papers on the topic "Weme (African people)"
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Hoffman, Danie, and Elzane Van Eck. "Millenials: Profiling the South African quantity surveyors of the future." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002668.
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The future growth and prosperity of an organisation or in this case of the professional discipline of quantity surveying in South Africa have strong links with effective succes-sion planning. The next generation will be measured on how well they will be able to build on the successes and stature of the preceding generations. The success and prosperi-ty that the South Africa quantity surveying profession will enjoy during the next decade or more rests on the shoulders of the current generation of new entrants and young profes-sionals recently established in the profession. This younger generation of professionals also belongs to the age group often referred to as millennials.Millennials are people born between 1980 – 2000 and who are therefore currently be-tween 21 to 41 years of age. In 2020, approximately 60% of all registered quantity sur-veyors in South Africa were millennials. This cohort will become the future leaders and visionaries to carry the profession of quantity surveying into the future.Contrasting to previous generations the millennials have grown up and were educated and trained in the electronic and digital age. Their differing roots may carry with it chal-lenges that may hamper effective communication with the current leadership of the pro-fession. The better the current leaders are able to know and understand the millennials in their fold, the more likely a successfull passing of the batten to the next generation will become. This study is based on a questionnaire from the Association of South African Quantity Surveyors, assisted by the University of Pretoria. The questionnaire was distributed on a national bases to all the South African quantity surveyors on the data base. The study will evaluate various aspects that describe the profile of South African mil-lennial quantity surveyors. The aspects that will be compared include the age, gender, race, and locational spread of the millenails who participated in the survey. Additional aspects such as their academic qualifications, nationality, registration status with the Council of South African Quantity Surveyors, and their length of term of current em-ployment will be used to provide a reasonably detailed description of the younger genera-tion of South African quantity surveyors.The above information will be of value to the Association of South African Quantity Surveyors, to the management of quantity surveying firms and also to institutions such as universities that offer accredited academic programmes for the training of quantity sur-veyors. The findings can also be shared with quantity surveying professions across inter-national borders to compare against the profiles of their millennial cohorts of quantity surveyors.
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Luwes, Nicolaas, Lawrence Meda, and James Swart. "Academic and Student Perceptions on the Intergation of HIV and AIDS education in an Electrical Engineering Curriculum at a South African University of Technology." In HEAd'16 - International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head16.2016.2618.
Full textAbstract:
South Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV and AIDS in the world. A concerted effort is needed to address this epidemic, lest a socio-economic crisis may cripple the country. Education may be the most powerful weapon in this regard, with universities playing a critical role in addressing this concern. In 2015, a funding program was initiated by Universities South Africa to facilitate this integration. Subsequently, the Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering at a South African University of Technology set out to re-design their curricula to include vital aspects relating to HIV and AIDS. A responsive driven curriculum design was adopted whereby the perceptions and expectations of facilitators and students in this department towards HIV and AIDS education were sought. An online open-ended questionnaire was used to gather both qualitative and quantitative results. This paper presents the initial findings of this study. A key recommendation of this study is to develop a digital online module addressing advanced HIV and AIDS education with special focu on its application in the workplace.
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Williams, Titus, Gregory Alexander, and Wendy Setlalentoa. "SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDENT TEACHERS’ AWARENESS OF THE INTERTWINESS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN MULTICULTURAL SCHOOL SETTINGS." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end037.
Full textAbstract:
This qualitative study is an exploration of final year Social Science education students awareness of the intertwined nature of Social Science as a subject and the role of social justice in the classroom of a democratic South Africa. This study finds that South African Social Science teachers interpret or experience the teaching of Social Science in various ways. In the South African transitional justice environment, Social Science education had to take into account the legacies of the apartheid-era schooling system and the official history narrative that contributed to conflict in South Africa. Throughout the world, issues of social justice and equity are becoming a significant part of everyday discourse in education and some of these themes are part of the Social Science curriculum. Through a qualitative research methodology, data was gathered from Focus Group Discussion (FGD) sessions with three groups of five teacher education students in two of the groups and the third having ten participants from the same race, in their final year, specializing in Social Science teaching. The data obtained were categorised and analysed in terms of the student teacher’s awareness of the intertwined nature of Social Science and social justice education. The results of the study have revealed that participants had a penchant for the subject Social Science because it assisted them to have a better understanding of social justice and the unequal society they live in; an awareness of social ills, and the challenges of people. Participants identified social justice characteristics within Social Science and relate to some extent while they were teaching the subject, certain themes within the Social Science curriculum. Findings suggest that the subject Social Science provides a perspective as to why social injustice and inequality are so prevalent in South Africa and in some parts of the world. Social Science content in its current form and South African context, emanates from events and activities that took place in communities and in the broader society, thus the linkage to social justice education. This study recommends different approaches to infuse social justice considerations Social Science; one being an empathetic approach – introducing activities to assist learners in viewing an issue from someone else’s perspective, particularly when issues of prejudice or discrimination against a particular group arise, or if the issue is remote from learners’ lives.
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Davis, Felecia. "Memorial and Museum for the African Burial Ground, New York, New York." In 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.67.
Full textAbstract:
In 1991 excavation for a 34 story Federal office tower at Broadway between Duane and Reade streets in lower Manhattan unearthed for the public a site titled on colonial maps as the "Negro Burial Ground." This place which occupied the margins of the Dutch colonial city, later the edge of the encroaching palisade construction, was the final resting place for free Africans, slaves and other impoverished people. In the seventeenth century the grounds were the only space where Africans free and slave could meet together so that the burial ground was also a political rallying space. This burial ground was the Africans only autonomous space, the only space where they were allowed to congregate with regularity in large numbers.
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Paulo, Avner, Carlos Eduardo Oliveira De Souza, Bruna Guimarães Lima e Silva, Flávio Luiz Schiavoni, and Adilson Siqueira. "Black Lives Matter." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Musical. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcm.2019.10459.
Full textAbstract:
The Brazilian police killed 16 people per day in 2017 and 3/4 of the victims were black people. Recently, a Brazilian called Evaldo Rosa dos Santos, father, worker, musician, and black, was killed in Rio de Janeiro with 80 rifle bullets shot by the police. Everyday, the statistics and the news show that the police uses more force when dealing with black people and it seems obvious that, in Brazil, the state bullet uses to find a black skin to rest. Unfortunately, the brutal force and violence by the state and the police to black people is not a problem only in this country. It is a global reality that led to the creation of an international movement called Black Lives Matter (BLM), a movement against all types of racism towards the black people specially by the police and the state. The BLM movement also aims to connect black people of the entire world against the violence and for justice. In our work, we try to establish a link between the reality of black people in Brazil with the culture of black people around the world, connecting people and artists to perform a tribute to the black lives harved by the state force. For this, the piece uses web content, news, pictures, YouTube’s videos, and more, to create a collage of visual and musical environment merged with expressive movements of a dance, combining technology and gestures. Black culture beyond violence because we believe that black lives matter. such as the Ku Klux Klan, which bring the black population of the world into concern for possible setbacks in their rights. In Brazil, it is not different. Brazil is the non African country with the biggest afro descendant population in the world and one of the last country in the world to abolish slavery. Nowadays, a black person is 3 times more propense to be killed and most part of the murders in the country happened to afro Brazilians. Marielle Franco, a black city councillor from Rio, the only black female representative and one of seven women on the 51-seat council was killed in 2018. The killers were two former policeman. According to Human Rights Watch, the police force in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, killed more than 8,000 people between 2005 and 2015, 3/4 of them were black men. At the same time, the African culture strongly influenced the Brazilian culture and most part of the traditional Brazilian music and rhythms can be considered black music.
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Perumal, Juliet, and Andrea Dawson. "Racial Dynamics at an Independent South African Educational Institution." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002671.
Full textAbstract:
Historically, education in South Africa has been beset by inequality. Over the last few decades, however, the landscape of South African government schooling has evolved considerably since its distinctive, racially-defined origins. This is largely due to reforms in the education sector, which played a key role in attempting to redress the injustices of the Apartheid system. Since its inception in 1929, the Independent Schools Association of Southern Africa (ISASA) has envisioned a value-based and quality education for all learners, irrespective of race, creed or culture. Thus, the media exposure in 2020, which revealed the prevalence of racist practices in approximately 26 prominent independent schools in South Africa was startling, as these discriminatory acts contradicted the vision of ISASA. One such school, which came into the spotlight was Excel College* (pseudonym), an independent school in Gauteng Province, South Africa. In response to the accusations, the school management launched an immediate investigation to address the allegations of racial discrimination against its students of colour. A whole-school Racial Intervention Programme (referred to as RDI – Respect, Diversity and Inclusivity) was designed and implemented early in 2021. This qualitative study, which comprised eight student leaders, sought to investigate how these student leaders experienced the intervention programme. The study sought to explore student leaders’ perceptions of the rationale behind the implementation of the Racial Intervention Programme (RIP), and of the racial climate in their school, and how they felt about the allegations of racism levelled against their school. The study further sought to investigate the extent to which student leaders felt their experience of the RIP had sensitised them to the need to promote racial inclusivity in their school. Data for the study were collected by conducting individual, online semi-structured interviews, using participants’ diaries, and holding a Focus Group session. The study drew on the tenets of the Critical Race Theory (De La Garza & Ono, 2016; Delgado & Stefançic, 2000; Dixon & Rousseau, 2006; Gillborn, 2015) and Paulo Freire’s conception of Critical Consciousness (1970). Proponents of the Critical Race Theory argue that race is neither a naturally nor biologically grounded feature of human beings; but rather, a socially constructed and culturally invented category that is used to oppress and exploit people of colour. Freire’s Critical Consciousness involves identifying contradictions in the experiences of others, through dialogue to contribute to change. The study confirmed that there were allegations of racism at the school, and that many of the students had been victims of – or had witnessed – an act of racial discrimination. Despite overwhelming support for RIP, the initiative was criticised for moving slowly, being teacher-centric and syllabus-driven; and that initially, it did not appreciate students’ contribution. However, during the seven weeks of the programme (which this study reports on), participants reported grasping the purpose of the programme – which was to encourage courageous conversations about inclusion, exclusion, racism and diversity.
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Youssouf Kadafi, Said, Hui Lyu, Tebello Pusetso, and Zhang Xusheng. "Design Application of Solar Backpack for African Rural Area Students." In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004246.
Full textAbstract:
Access to electricity is a significant challenge in Africa, the impact of which is even greater in schools in isolated rural areas. According to the World Bank, approximately 600 million people (nearly two-thirds of the population) in Sub-Saharan Africa lack access to electricity, leading to difficulties in people’s livelihood, including limited educational opportunities. It has been observed that students living in rural areas take long-distance walks (1h to 2hrs) to school early in the morning and return home after dark with no street lights. Moreover, many students study at night without access of light and electricity. Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential applications and benefits of solar-powered backpacks for African students living in rural areas. The study was conducted in Comoros, at the Mohammadia Community School in the village of Irohe Oichili and the village of Chomoni Oichili where students walk more than 6.5km to get to school. Three hundred and one students were interviewed. The questionnaire was employed to capture necessary data for the solar-powered backpack design and a vivid picture of the importance of this design in Comorian rural communities for students. The parameters within the questionnaire includes families’ financial status, whether electrical power shortage affects the students’ educational performance, whether the solar-powered backpack will benefit the students and so on. The results of the survey showed that 82% of the students came from families with low financial status. 80% of the students reported that electrical power shortage affects their educational performance. 90% of the students reported that they would benefit from using a solar-powered backpack. Therefore, a solar-powered backpack was designed with a solar panel attached to the front of the backpack, and a LED light was attached directly inside the backpack. For the charging facility, the backpack is occupied by a USB port, located on the bag’s exterior, connected to the charge center and the battery, while the battery inside the pack is stored neatly away. The battery provides power to the port through an extension system connected inside the backpack. The prototype was tested, and we found that the average time spent on the school way to charge is 1h48min. The capacity of the battery charged on the way is 36%. The period of usage for studying is 1h30min, and the battery life after usage is 16%. As a result, a solar-powered backpack could provide a convenient, portable and sustainable source of electricity for student living in remote areas who are unable to access the electrical grid. Future work is to update the prototype with an attached solar panel that can be disconnected for better charging when the student enters the classroom or at home.
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"Targeting peroxisomal transport in trypanosoma." In 4th International Conference on Biological & Health Sciences (CIC-BIOHS’2022). Cihan University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2022/paper.566.
Full textAbstract:
Human infection with Trypanosoma parasites (Chagas disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis) affects around 10 million people worldwide resulting in life-threatening disease. Treatment options are limited to historic drugs characterized by significant side effects and decreasing efficacy while new drug development efforts are largely neglected. Here, we review drug discovery effort in human trypanosomiasis undertaken in academia. Peroxisomal (Pex) transport system was validated as a target in Chagas disease and a number of compounds were delivered which have shown promising results in animal experiments. Future perspectives of exploring the Pex system in anti-trypanosoma drug development are discussed.
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Bocci, Martina. "Is there a future for marginal communities?" In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15218.
Full textAbstract:
In relatively marginal and isolated settings, changes in socio-cultural contexts and population reduction have contributed to the decay, abandonment and gradual disappearance of traditional ways of living and vernacular heritage. Associations and foundations often play a key mediating and facilitating role in countering these phenomena, supporting the survival of local communities and tangible and intangible expressions of heritage.In the context of the seminar cycle “Rehabilitation of traditional heritage and local development”, ten international case studies of unconventional practices of community-rooted rehabilitation from North and West Africa, South-East Asia, Latin America, and Southern Europe were selected.The cases were analysed through a multi-criteria approach to interpret common features and links in three dimensions: 1) organization and structure of associations and foundations; 2) technical methodology of recovery interventions, emphasizing the mobilization and transmission of traditional knowledge and skills; 3) generative potential for self-sustaining initiatives and community empowerment. Qualitative and quantitative data have been gathered based on a literature review of publications and reports, international seminars, meetings, and semi-structured interviews.The results highlighted the strong relationship between the external actors' success in rooty themselves in the local context and the empowerment of communities as well as the settling of their practices over time. The greatest opportunities for economic and cultural development are those in which a holistic vision in the care of the community and its cultural landscape was adopted. The reinforcement of the role of local craftspeople and inhabitants also proved to be crucial.The study showed that caring for a living heritage and its community implies a sensitivity for the past but also an updating and a creative reinterpretation of heritage in response to present and future demands.
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Asslan, Hala. "Syrian Earthen Villages: Recovery of Construction Crafts to Revive Dome Houses." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15148.
Full textAbstract:
The existence of earthen domed houses constructed of mud bricks has been attested for at least 5000 years in Syria. Earthen villages are most extensive and recognized as some of the richest Earthen Villages in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This construction technique which has been perpetuated in the region without discontinuity is currently experiencing a painful decline. Only a handful of master masons still have the know-how necessary to build the domes. It is therefore to be feared that, after centuries of transmission, the experience and skills of these craftsmen will disappear. These specialists knew how to build modest houses which were integrated into their environment without harming it. And though heritage should never be the target of any clashes , during the conflict which has raged since 2011, Syrian heritage has been the object of significant destruction, looting, and the damage. This is very significant in historic cities and rural landscapes. Among the objects damaged the most are the domed houses. This paper discusses the basic architectural details and features of traditional construction system, as well as, current threats, the maintenance and future of the domed houses during and after the war, in addition to the role of rural women in rehabilitating and applying traditional techniques and methods. Additionally, it suggests a brief documentation and digitalizing for tangible and intangible heritage of rural communities living in domed mud houses. The paper proposes documenting and preserving by detailing the tangible heritage damaged by conflict, and giving an intensive training to the young generation on the building methods and traditional lifestyles, and finally recovery and maintenance of construction crafts.
Reports on the topic "Weme (African people)"
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Sopein-Mann, Oluwafunmike, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Medicines Regulation in West Africa: Current State and Opportu-nities. Purdue University, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317443.
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Ndomondo-Sigonda et al. (2017) observed that there is scarcity of information on human resources (person-nel devoted to regulation of medicines) in the domain of medicines regulation in the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The published information on medicines regulation by the National Medicines Regulatory Authorities (NMRAs) in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) region are no longer current and consistent with the current realities in the NMRAs. In order to reveal this occurrence, show the trends that exist over the years and make appropriate recommendations, data were collected and compared from 2005, 2010 and 2017 research reports on seven regulatory features of the fifteen Members States of ECOWAS. The re-sults show that there was missing information per regulatory feature and country. There was also an overall increasing trend in the number of NMRAs in the region that showed progress with respect to the measured regulatory features - Autonomy (Authority and Legal form), Marketing Authorization), GMP inspection, Quality Control, Quality Management System, Information Management System and Harmonization and International cooperation. People of Africa have a valuable story to tell as it relates to medicines regulation. This report is written by a West African from the perspective of a West African involved in the study and practice of medi-cines regulation by the NMRAs in the ECOWAS.
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Fernández de la Reguera Ahedo, Alethia. Working paper PUEAA No. 17. Asylum seeking African families in transit through Mexico: between border controls and international protection. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.002r.2023.
Full textAbstract:
African migrants in Mexico are migratory flows that have been less studied than migration from Latin America (Cinta Cruz, 2020). In the last five years, migrants from 35 different African countries were detained in Mexico. Although arrests of African persons are much lower than in the case of Central American countries, on average, between 6 and 19 African persons are detained per day. It is essential to know their mobility patterns, identify their international protection needs, and the main obstacles they face, whether to cross into the United States or to remain in Mexico as refugees (Narváez Gutiérrez, 2015). In addition, these populations are often highly stigmatized and exposed to face racism and institutional violence when they contact Mexican authorities (Immigration, 2021). In this working paper, my objective is to present some data on the migration of African people in Mexico after the arrival of caravans in 2018 and to reflect on the impact of a global discourse that stereotypes migrants as criminals or sick people in the access to human rights of African asylum seekers in Mexico and on the effects of a growing tendency to treat migrants as beneficiaries of temporary humanitarian aid rather than as subjects of rights.
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Moore, Mick. Glimpses of Fiscal States in Sub-Saharan Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.022.
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There is a widespread perception that taxing in sub-Saharan Africa has been and remains fraught with problems or government failure. This is not generally true. For more than a century, colonial administrations and independent states have steadily developed the capacity to routinely collect more substantial revenues than one might expect in a low-income region. The two main historical dimensions of this collection capacity were (a) powerful, centralized bureaucracies focused on achieving revenue collection targets and (b) large, taxable international trade sectors. In recent decades, those centralized bureaucracies have to some extent been reformed such that in structure and procedure they resemble more closely tax administrations in OECD countries. More strikingly, nearly all states have adopted VAT and found it to be a very powerful revenue collection instrument. However, the tax share of GDP has been broadly constant for several decades, and it will be hard to increase it. It is difficult for African governments to effectively tax transnational corporations, especially in the mining and energy sectors, which are of growing importance. Tax administrations continue to approach richer Africans with a light touch, and to exaggerate the potential for taxing small-scale (‘informal’) enterprises. The revenue operations of sub-national governments are often opaque. Ordinary people often pay large sums in ‘informal taxes’ that are generally regressive in impact. And the standard direction of travel in the reform of tax policy and administration is not appropriate to those large areas, especially in the Sahel, that are afflicted by internal and cross-border armed conflicts.
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Roldan de Jong, Tamara. Rapid Review: Perceptions of COVID-19 Vaccines in South Africa. SSHAP, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.021.
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As of April 19, 2021, South Africa has recorded 1.56 million COVID-19 cases and almost 54,000 deaths - more than any other country on the African continent. The country has begun the national rollout of the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) COVID-19 vaccine, with over 292 thousand doses administered it aims to achieve herd immunity by vaccinating at least 67 percent of its population (around 40 million people) by the end of 2021. The government suspended its initial rollout of the AstraZeneca (AZ) vaccine due to concerns over its effectiveness, particularly against the new B.1.351 variant, which accounts for 90% of the infections in South Africa. The J&J vaccine was put on temporary hold in April due to concerns about rare clotting disorders. Although data show that expected acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is relatively high, the suspension of two vaccines in South Africa, where fear of infection is decreasing, will likely influence public reactions. Understanding how individuals and population groups perceive and make sense of COVID-19 vaccines is critical to inform the design and implementation of risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) strategies, and guide interventions aiming to promote and sustain acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, while encouraging compliance with other COVID-19 preventive measures. This review syntheses community perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines in South Africa to inform RCCE strategies and policies and provides examples of successful practice. It draws on multiple secondary data sources: scientific literature, qualitative and quantitative studies, grey literature, and mainstream and social media. The review was supported by consultation with four local expert key informants from different fields. It is part of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) series on social science considerations relating to COVID-19 vaccines. It was written for SSHAP by Tamara Roldan de Jong and Anthrologica on request of the UNICEF South Africa Country Office. Contributions were made from the RCCE Collective Service East and Southern Africa (ESAR) Region. The brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Tesfaye, Alemu, and Karine Gatellier. Strengthening Social Accountability for Meaningful Youth Engagement in Africa. Institute of Development Studies, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.017.
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Following its research which highlighted the key role played by young people in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, the Organisation for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA) developed and delivered a training of trainers on social accountability for meaningful youth engagement. The training was aimed at youth-led civil society organisations (CSOs) and local authorities in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda. In Uganda, it led to the establishment of a coalition of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) dedicated to social accountability; in Kenya, youth-led CSOs and local governments began to take a more inclusive approach to governance and policy development; and in Ethiopia, plans were made for a youth CSO thinktank focused on social accountability.
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Uzelac, Sarah. Incoherent at Heart: The EU’s economic and migration policies towards North Africa. Oxfam, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6805.
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Pre-pandemic, EU policies towards North Africa, especially Tunisia and Morocco, focused on two main paradigms: trade liberalization and the minimization of both regular and irregular migration. These agendas were incoherent and had overwhelmingly negative implications for the livelihoods and employment opportunities within the EU for the most vulnerable people in the Maghreb. As the coronavirus impacts continue to wreak havoc on world economies, any future negotiations on the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Areas (DCFTAs) ought to be geared towards supporting fair and inclusive recovery in North Africa based on reducing inequality and promoting shared prosperity and development.
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Manlutac, Janice Ian. The State of Local Humanitarian Leadership: A learning report on a series of LHL online convenings held in Asia, the Middle East and Northern Africa, the Pacific, and West Africa. Oxfam, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.9066.
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From May 2021 to January 2022, Oxfam, in partnership with Sejajar Indonesia, the Tamdeen Youth Foundation in Yemen, and the Palestinian Agricultural Development Association (PARC) in Palestine, convened a total of 10 learning series through online convenings on local humanitarian leadership (LHL). Approximately 450 people participated, of whom 60% were from local and national NGOs representing approximately 30 countries. This document offers a snapshot report on the state of LHL across the four regions based on discussions, insights, and materials shared by the resource persons and audience members who participated in the series.
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Abdo, Nabil, and Shaddin Almasri. For a Decade of Hope Not Austerity in the Middle East and North Africa: Towards a fair and inclusive recovery to fight inequality. Oxfam, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6355.
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Even before the coronavirus crisis struck, people in the Middle East and North Africa were protesting against the injustice and inequality wrought by a decade of austerity. The pandemic and the lockdown measures taken by governments have paralysed economies and threaten to tip millions of people into poverty, with women, refugees, migrant workers and those working in the informal economy among the worst affected. A huge increase in inequality is very likely. More austerity following this crisis will mean more uprisings, more inequality, and more conflict. This paper argues that if another decade of pain is to be averted, governments need to take immediate action to reduce inequality through providing public services to protect ordinary people by taxing the richest and guaranteeing decent work.
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Gitonga, Daphine, Chemuku Wekesa, Godwin Kowero, Eva Kiseu, Doris Mutta, Raymond Omondi, and Anders Roos. Kenyan Youth Perspectives on Forests : report from a youth-scientist dialogue on sustainable forestry. SLU Global, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.3n821idolh.
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This report presents proceedings of “AfricanYouth4Forests” project workshop held in Voi, Taita Taveta county, Kenya from 7 to 9 November 2022. The workshop was jointly organised by African Forest Forum (AFF), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), and Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI). It brought together 19 youths from Taita Taveta and Nairobi counties between 18-25 years of age to engage with researchers and policymakers in conversations about young people's views, visions, goals, and ideas in shaping the future governance of Kenya’s and the continent's forests. The participants identified niches for youths' engagement in forests to improve forest cover, curb climate change effects and improve livelihoods. The youth participants envisioned 'a world where young people are more involved in sustainable development by participating in the green economy.' To achieve the youths’ vision, several actions were recommended; training the youth on sustainable forest management and green entrepreneurship, developing markets for green products, establishing innovative knowledge-sharing platforms, and actively involving the youths in national and international policy processes on forests and climate change. The outcome reflected a wide range of views and ideas among the youth, and that they have the capacity and readiness to tackle the forest-related challenges towards 2030 and beyond. It is recommended that the dialogue between African forestry researchers and the youth should continue.
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Diouf, Awa, Marco Carreras, and Fabrizio Santoro. Taxing Mobile Money in Kenya: Impact on Financial Inclusion. Institute of Development Studies, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.030.
Full textAbstract:
Many people argue that mobile money has the potential to increase financial inclusion and improve the livelihoods of poor people in Africa. However, while many African governments impose specific taxes on mobile money transactions, very little is known about their effect on the use of mobile money services. This study assesses the short- and long-term impact of the tax on money transfer fees that the Kenyan government introduced in 2013. The tax, more specifically an excise duty, was imposed on fees incurred in all money transactions, including mobile money. It was introduced at 10 per cent and increased to 12 per cent in 2018. Our analysis has two parts. We use country-level data to see if the tax affected the use of mobile money – transaction values and volume – and the number of active mobile money agents. In addition, we use four rounds of nationally representative survey data to estimate changes in the use of mobile money after introduction of the tax. We find that the excise duty did not have a significant impact on different aggregated indicators relating to the use of mobile money. However, survey data shows that the tax may have reduced the rate of increase in use of mobile money services affected by the changes in tax, such as sending and receiving money, compared to services that were not, like savings and paying bills. Importantly, while the amounts transacted may not change, users send and receive money within households less regularly. In addition, the tax seems to have a more detrimental impact on poorer households, which were less likely to be financially included before the tax was introduced. Larger households also show more negative effects after the tax. URI