Relevant bibliographies by topics / Welfare State Reform

Academic literature on the topic 'Welfare State Reform'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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Journal articles on the topic "Welfare State Reform"

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Tonkens, Evelien, Ellen Grootegoed, and Jan Willem Duyvendak. "Introduction: Welfare State Reform, Recognition and Emotional Labour." Social Policy and Society 12, no. 3 (May 28, 2013): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474641300016x.

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Welfare state retrenchment and its corollary, the encouragement of ‘active citizenship’, are widespread phenomena in Western countries today. While public and academic debates have focused on the practical consequences of changing rules and shrinking entitlements, there has been much less attention on how citizens experience these reforms and their accompanying rhetoric. We know even less about how welfare reform impacts upon people's emotions. Such a focus, however, is important because the reform of the welfare state is about more than changing rights and duties. Reforms tell citizens what they are worth, how they are valued and judged, and how they are supposed to feel about the new arrangements.
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Kliman, Jodie, and Gunnar Forsberg. "American Welfare Reform and the Swedish Welfare State." Journal of Feminist Family Therapy 10, no. 2 (December 24, 1998): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j086v10n02_03.

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Häusermann, Silja, Thomas Kurer, and Denise Traber. "The Politics of Trade-Offs: Studying the Dynamics of Welfare State Reform With Conjoint Experiments." Comparative Political Studies 52, no. 7 (September 26, 2018): 1059–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414018797943.

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Welfare state reform in times of austerity is notoriously difficult because most citizens oppose retrenchment of social benefits. Governments, thus, tend to combine cutbacks with selective benefit expansions, thereby creating trade-offs: to secure new advantages, citizens must accept painful cutbacks. Prior research has been unable to assess the effectiveness of compensating components in restrictive welfare reforms. We provide novel evidence on feasible reform strategies by applying conjoint survey analysis to a highly realistic direct democratic setting of multidimensional welfare state reform. Drawing on an original survey of Swiss citizens’ attitudes toward comprehensive pension reform, we empirically demonstrate that built-in trade-offs strongly enhance the prospects of restrictive welfare reforms. Our findings indicate that agency matters: governments and policy makers can and must grant the right compensations to the relevant opposition groups to overcome institutional inertia.
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Lister, Ruth. "Towards a Citizens’ Welfare State." Theory, Culture & Society 18, no. 2-3 (June 2001): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02632760122051805.

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Notions of recognition and difference do not inform the mainstream debate about welfare reform, which is, instead, dominated by a dichotomous discourse of active modernization vs passive ‘welfare dependency’. The article challenges this dichotomy within the context of New Labour’s welfare reform agenda in the UK. It argues, first, that welfare reform should treat improvements in social security benefits not as promoting ‘passive’ welfare but as complementary to labour market activation policies. Second, it redefines active welfare to incorporate notions of active citizenship, which construct welfare subjects as actors in the political process of welfare policy-making and delivery. As a framework for this position, the article discusses three ‘R’s of welfare reform, risk protection, redistribution and recognition, together with the further two ‘R’s of rights and responsibilities. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of a rights agenda both to tackling poverty and exclusion and to recognition politics.
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Agell, Jonas. "Why Sweden's Welfare State Needed Reform." Economic Journal 106, no. 439 (November 1996): 1760. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2235216.

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van Kersbergen, Kees. "Welfare state reform and political allegiance." European Legacy 8, no. 5 (October 2003): 559–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1084877032000153948.

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Kersbergen, Kees. "The Politics of Welfare State Reform." Swiss Political Science Review 8, no. 2 (June 2002): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1662-6370.2002.tb00392.x.

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Kennedy, Peter J. "Sweden's welfare state heads for reform." International Executive 32, no. 1 (July 1990): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tie.5060320109.

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Mead, Lawrence M. "State Political Culture and Welfare Reform." Policy Studies Journal 32, no. 2 (May 2004): 271–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2004.00065.x.

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De Schutter, Olivier. "Welfare State Reform and Social Rights." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 33, no. 2 (June 2015): 123–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934411503300203.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Welfare State Reform"

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Bolukbasi, H. Tolga. "From budgetary pressures to welfare state retrenchment? : economic and monetary union and the politics of welfare state reform." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102789.

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This study examines the relationship between economic and monetary integration culminating in Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and welfare state trajectories focusing on the cases of Belgium, Italy, and Greece in the 1990s. The conventional wisdom on this relationship expected that EMU would lead to across-the-board downsizing of the European welfare states through imposing macroeconomic austerity in general and budgetary restraint in particular. The study questions the validity of this prediction which is represented by the austerity hypothesis. Based on an analysis of social expenditure data in the run-up to EMU the study reveals that spending levels remained largely stable and therefore that the welfare states of the EMU-candidates largely escaped radical retrenchment. Avoiding significant and systematic expenditure retreat was possible not only in the face of powerful fiscal pressures but also during a period when policymakers had the opportunity to justify even the most draconian measures in the name of achieving EMU membership. Hence the study addresses the following puzzle: How could Europe's welfare states largely avert across-the-board downsizing during the 1990s despite fiscal pressures they faced on the road to EMU? Through an examination of episodes of welfare reform in three critical cases (Belgium, Italy, and Greece) which needed to go through drastic budgetary cutbacks for EMU membership, the study shows that the Maastricht criteria did compel successive governments in these member states to propose radical welfare reforms, vindicating the conventional wisdom's expectations. In episodes of welfare reform, however, governments discovered that their reform capacities were largely limited due to domestic opposition from an alliance of entrenched interests. The convergence period was marred with recurrent mass mobilization of unions against welfare reforms which forced governments to scale back their original ambitions or scrap them altogether. This shows that the expectations of the conventional wisdom that EMU would actually lead to massive retrenchment of Europe's welfare states, however, are not borne out by the evidence on welfare state trajectories in the 1990s.
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Sprick, David Matthew Skidmore Max J. "Puzzling in the administrative (welfare) state devolution and Medicaid waiver reform /." Diss., UMK access, 2004.

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Thesis (Ph. D. )--Dept. of Political Science and School of Business and Public Administration. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004.
"A dissertation in political science and public affairs and administration." Advisor: Max J. Skidmore. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Feb. 28, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 435-458). Online version of the print edition.
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Boesenecker, Aaron P. "Defining work and welfare the politics of social policy reform in Europe /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/461265191/viewonline.

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Kwak, Hyokyung. "THREE ESSAYS ON WELFARE POLICIES IN AMERICAN STATES: EXPLAINING AMERICAN WELFARE STATES IN THE POST-WELFARE REFORM ERA." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/msppa_etds/33.

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This dissertation consists of three empirical studies that address questions regarding state welfare policy making in the post-welfare reform era. The first empirical study pays close attention to the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) as a federal block grant program, which is a big departure from most previous TANF studies, to ask why American states differ in their decisions to allocate federal block grants across specific programs. Drawing on research on fiscal federalism and state and cross-national welfare politics, the study uses cross-sectional time-series data covering 50 states over the fiscal years 2004-2016 to examine factors that have an impact on state child care spending under the TANF block grant. The results show that several political factors and one socio-economic factor impact states’ TANF child care spending in the hypothesized direction. Most importantly, the study finds that a specific state government’s TANF policy designed to encourage work matters in an interesting way. States’ emphasis on work of TANF recipients, measured by the existence of the TANF job-search rule, exerts a positive, independent effect on the percentage of state TANF child care spending, but the positive marginal effect of implementing the job-search rule becomes negative as the percentage of female state legislators passes 28%. The study shed lights on our general understanding of the factors that influence state allocations of federal block grants for an understudied but increasingly important policy program in the American states—child care. The second empirical study examines whether the selection of indicators of welfare policy commitment makes any difference for the findings in studies of the determinants of state welfare policy. If so, what difference does it make? While scholars of state welfare politics have long been making efforts to find better explanations for variation in welfare policy across American states, the literature as a whole has paid little attention to how differently scholars operationalize state welfare policy even though they examine a variety of welfare policy measures. To address these questions, I estimate a series of different panel data models with different measures of state welfare commitment for the period after the welfare reform of 1996. Comparing the results across these models shows that the choice of dependent variable measures affects the estimation results, thereby suggesting that empirical findings are dependent upon the measure we use. This finding not only shows that scholars need to be cautious in interpreting their results but also opens up a new puzzle as to why a factor affects a particular welfare measure but not others. The last empirical study addresses the question: do the effects of party politics differ across welfare policies? In answering this question, the study draws on the literature on deservingness and social construction of target populations and hypothesizes that party politics would play a differential role in explaining the generosity of different welfare policies depending on the perceived deservingness of target populations. To test this hypothesis, I estimate three models each for TANF, Supplemental Security Income-State Supplements (SSI-S), and Medicaid generosity covering the period after the welfare reform. I find that party politics still remains as an important predictor of state welfare generosity, especially where welfare policy for the deserving poor and mixed population in terms of its deservingness is concerned. Also, there are differential effects of party politics across the welfare policies examined, but sometimes in an unexpected direction. This study provides a valuable addition to the literature in that it updates and enriches our understanding of welfare politics.
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Armato, Jessica A. "Welfare reform at the state level a study of state waivers during the first three years of the Clinton administration and other developments /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 2000. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2000.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2928. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-70).
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Edwards, Sarah Elizabeth. "The significance of social enterprises in the reform of the British welfare state." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/192763/.

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Increasingly, the United Kingdom Government is looking towards the social economy to deliver welfare services. The social economy, and specifically social enterprises, are envisaged by New Labour as having the ability to train and employ those disadvantaged in the labour market; engage individuals and communities in service provision and urban renewal; and, provide a model for future forms of welfare service provision. This research investigates the links between the social enterprise and the welfare reforms initiated by New Labour. In addition, the research considers the implications of an expanded role for social enterprises in welfare from the perspective of social enterprise practitioners. Using a grounded theory research design, and qualitative research methodologies, those running social enterprises in the cities of London and Bristol were interviewed (during the summer of 2001). This data, alongside policy documents, ministerial speeches, newspaper articles, think tank publications, and interviews with policy-makers and advocates for the social enterprise sector, provide the evidence presented here. The research develops a definition of the social enterprise as an organisation that uses a commercial venture as a tool to achieve social change. It is shown that the term 'social enterprise' refers to a diverse range of organisations that differ in legal and organisational structure and social mission, but which are linked by the common purpose of service delivery. The research reveals a subtle but important difference between social enterprise activity, and social enterprise as a business model. In spite of their diversity, it is demonstrated that a typology of social enterprises can be constructed by using the attributes identified by those running such organisations. This typology takes into account a diverse range of attributes that coalesce to form this hybrid social institution, instead of considering their organisational structure or social mission as defining features, as has been the case in the past. Using discourse analysis, social enterprises are shown to be significant within welfare reform because they embody the attributes that advocates for reform wish to promote. Social enterprises are shown to embody the postmodern attributes of'empowerment' and tailored localised service provision, alongside the politically attractive attributes of'enterprise', 'effectiveness', and 'efficiency'. These attributes offer 'challenges' to existing forms of public and third sector welfare provision. Through these challenges, the discourse of social enterprise is instrumental in current changes in welfare, not only in changing the practices of service delivery, but more significantly, in changing the culture and the way in which 'solutions' in welfare are sought. The thesis demonstrates how the notion of social enterprise is intertwined with broader academic debates concerning the scale and scope of the emerging postmodern welfare state, and the social enterprise is shown to be emblematic of those changes in welfare at a theoretical level. At a practical level, the social enterprise appears to be unlikely to have significant impact on the mainstay of the welfare state. However, it is suggested here that policy-makers need to take greater consideration of the 'appropriateness' of applying the social enterprise model in welfare than is the case at present.
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Powell, Scott R. "Shifting the Employment Burden: The Social and Economic Foundations of Welfare State Reform." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1325176807.

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Kearney, Melissa Schettini 1974. "Essays on public policy and consumer choice : applications to welfare reform and state lotteries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8413.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis investigates individual decision-making in response to government policies, in particular, state lotteries and the welfare "family cap." Despite considerable controversy surrounding the use of state lotteries as a means of public finance, little is known about their consumer consequences. Chapter one investigates two central questions about state lotteries and consumer behavior. First, do state lotteries primarily crowd out other forms of gambling, or do they crowd out non-gambling consumption? Second, does consumer demand for lottery games respond to expected returns, as maximizing behavior predicts, or do consumers appear to be misinformed about the risks and returns of lottery gambles? Analyses of multiple sources of micro-level gambling data demonstrate that lottery spending does not substitute for other forms of gambling. Household consumption data suggest that household lottery gambling crowds out approximately $43 per month, or two percent, of other household consumption, with larger proportional reductions among low-income households. Demand for lottery products responds positively to the expected value of the gamble, controlling for other moments of the gamble and product characteristics. This suggests that consumers of lottery products are not misinformed and are perhaps making fully-informed purchases. Chapter two investigates the nature of consumer choice under risk in the context of state lottery betting. Economists have traditionally modeled consumer preferences according to expected utility theory, but a recent body of literature challenges this model.
(cont.) An empirical test of the expected utility hypothesis finds that, in general, it is a reasonable description of observed consumer choices. However, the data offer some evidence in support of non-linear probability weighting in consumer preferences. The second application studied in this thesis is welfare reform. A number of states have recently instituted family cap policies, under which women who conceive a child while receiving cash assistance are not entitled to additional cash benefits. Chapter three investigates how fertility behavior responds to this change in government expenditure policy. The analysis takes advantage of the variation across states in the timing of family cap implementation to determine if these policies are discouraging women from having additional births. The data consistently demonstrate that the family cap does not lead to a reduction in births. This finding of no effect is robust to the incorporation of lead and lag effects, to considering separately total and higher-order births, and to limiting the sample to demographic groups with high welfare propensities.
by Melissa Schettini Kearney.
Ph.D.
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Crafton, William Allen. "The rise of moral reform : consensus politics in the American welfare state, 1977-1988." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612941.

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Tait, Irvine Wallace. "Voluntarism and the state in British social welfare 1914-1939." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5065/.

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The New Right's critique of the welfare state has generated considerable interest in the history of alternative forms of welfare provision. Recent work has focused upon the continued existence of voluntarism alongside the growth of twentieth century state welfare. In doing this, it has reacted against the tendency of post-war social welfare writing to concentrate exclusively on the statutory social services. This thesis, therefore, adds to a growing body of writing on inter-war voluntary social action. However, it differs from the work of others by focusing upon the interplay of voluntary and statutory sectors in the face of war, industrial unrest and mass unemployment: in other words the upheavals of the early twentieth century. The main body of the research not only deals with the part played by both sectors in the delivery of social services, but also places voluntarism in a wider social context by exploring its ideological response to working-class assertiveness. Indeed, the belief in a British national community with interests that transcended class or sectional divisions was a common feature in voluntarism's attitude towards the above challenges and their implications for social stability. Thus, by highlighting the class objectives of the middle-class volunteer, this thesis avoids treating voluntary groups as simply the deliverers of social services in partnership with the state. As middle-class organisations operating within civil society, the charities covered in the pages ahead are placed alongside the state and capital in the defence of the existing economic and social order. Differences may have existed amongst charities over the correct mix in the statutory-voluntary welfare mix, but, as this thesis seeks to prove, this should not blind us to voluntarism's commitment to an over riding class interest.
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Books on the topic "Welfare State Reform"

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J, Graafland J., ed. Modelling welfare state reform. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1994.

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Lindbeck, Assar. Overshooting, reform and retreat of the welfare state. Stockholm: Stockholm University, Institute for International Economic Studies, 1993.

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Taylor-Gooby, Peter, ed. Ideas and Welfare State Reform in Western Europe. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230286016.

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Toft, Christian. Politische Ansätze und Trends der gegenwärtigen Reform des Wohlfahrtsstaates. Wiesbaden: Chmielorz, 2003.

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G, Green David. Community without politics: A market approach to welfare reform. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, Health and Welfare Unit, 1996.

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Robison, Susan. State child welfare reform: Toward a family-based policy. Denver, Colo: National Conference of State Legislatures, 1987.

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Nightingale, Demetra Smith. The status of state work-welfare programs in 1986: Implications for welfare reform. Washington D.C: The Urban Institute, 1987.

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Krise und Reform des Sozialstaates. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1997.

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Lampert, Heinz. Krise und Reform des Sozialstaates. Bern: Peter Lang International Academic Publishers, 2018.

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Todd, Malcolm J. Markets and the welfare state: Public sector reform in Britain. Sheffield: Sheffield Hallam University Press, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Welfare State Reform"

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Jensen, Carsten, and Georg Wenzelburger. "The Welfare State Reform Dataset." In Reforming the Welfare State, 19–33. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351058599-3.

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Becker, Charles M., Grigori A. Marchenko, Sabit Khakimzhanov, Ai-Gul S. Seitenova, and Vladimir Ivliev. "The Unsustainable Welfare State." In Social Security Reform in Transition Economies, 15–26. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618022_2.

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Seeleib-Kaiser, Martin. "Welfare State Reform and Social Policy." In Developments in German Politics 4, 227–40. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-30164-2_13.

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Solow, Robert M. "The Aftermath of Welfare Reform in the USA." In Globalization and the Welfare State, 45–54. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230524422_3.

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Burke, Sara. "Reform of the Irish Healthcare System: What Reform?" In The Irish Welfare State in the Twenty-First Century, 167–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57138-0_8.

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Innes, Joanna. "State, Church and Voluntarism in European Welfare, 1690–1850." In Charity, Philanthropy and Reform, 15–65. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26681-4_2.

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de la Porte, Caroline. "EU social policy and national welfare state reform." In Routledge Handbook of the Welfare State, 477–87. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315207049-42.

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Vike, Halvard. "Borders, Boundaries, and Bureaucratic Reform." In Politics and Bureaucracy in the Norwegian Welfare State, 111–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64137-9_6.

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Parton, Nigel. "Child welfare reform and the authoritarian neoliberal state." In The Politics of Child Protection, 139–57. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-26930-0_9.

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Daguerre, Anne. "Conclusion: The Advent of the ‘Active Welfare State’." In Active Labour Market Policies and Welfare Reform, 151–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230582231_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Welfare State Reform"

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Arcaropeboka, RJ Agung Kusuma, and Januri. "Implementation of Welfare State Ideology in the 1945 Constitution Toward the Right to Land for All Citizens." In International Conference on Law Reform (INCLAR 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200226.025.

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Mimentza Martin, Janire. "CONSTITUTIONALITY OF BASIC INCOME IN GERMANY." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.295.

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At present, the precarious jobs do not assure the subsistence level, and the future forecasts “the end of work”. In addition, because of the defects and limits of the welfare systems, a rethinking of the social protection system is necessary: universal basic income seems to be the most popular option. However, basic income may represent a break with the traditional market rules: the model is inverted and the citizen gains “ freedom from work”, and not “through work”. This paradigm shift may represent a challenge for today’s model of social state based on the work ethic. Although the basic income is usually based on the idea of social reform, the perception of this study is that its implementation should be guided by a policy of small advances, which ultimately make possible a partial reform of the Social Security system, not its dismantling. This work shows that the German labour market, the Constitution, and the social state are not currently prepared for or in need of a universal Basic Income.
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Tashevska, Biljana, Marija Trpkova – Nestorovska, and Suzana Makreshanska – Mladenovska. "IS THERE A DOMINANCE OF SOCIAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION?" In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0003.

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European welfare states, with their comprehensive and generous welfare model, create the largest part of general government expenditures in the European Union member countries. Given the rising trend of social expenditure and the long-run challenges coming from population ageing, this paper addresses the issue of social dominance, a situation in which, particularly when facing limited fiscal space, social expenditure could crowd-out other productive public expenditures, thus undermining growth potentials and possibly threatening fiscal sustainability. Using a panel regression analysis, the aim of the paper is to test whether social protection expenditure has crowded-out expenditures on other purposes in the European Union in the period 1995-2018. The results provide some evidence of crowding-out of infrastructure spending and education spending. Additionally, deficit financing and rising government debt have a significant adverse effect on spending on infrastructure, education and core public services, confirming that they are more prone to cutbacks in times of deteriorating public finance. These findings, along with the long-run fiscal pressure from the ‘greying population’ and the high political costs of welfare reforms suggest significant future risks of social dominance.
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Palmieri, Alessandro, and Blerina Nazeraj. "OPEN BANKING AND COMPETITION: AN INTRICATE RELATIONSHIP." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18822.

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Open banking – promoted in the European Union by the access to account rule contained in the Directive (EU) 2015/2366 on payment services in the internal market (PSD2) – is supposed to enhance consumer’s welfare and to foster competition. However, many observers are fearful about the negative effects of the entry into the market of the so-called BigTech giants. Unless incumbent banks are able to rise above the technological challenges, the risk is that, in the long run, BigTech firms could dominate the market, by virtue of their great ability to collect data on consumer preferences, and to process them with sophisticated tools, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques; not to mention the possible benefits arising from the cross-subsidisation. This paper aims at analysing the controversial relationship between open banking and competition. In this framework, many aspects must be clarified, such as the definition of the relevant markets; the identification of the dominant entities; the relationship with the essential facility doctrine. The specific competition problems encountered in the financial sector need to be inscribed in the context of the more general debate around access to data in the digital sphere. The evolving scenario poses a serious challenge to regulators, calling them to strike the right balance between fostering innovation and preserving financial stability. The appraisal intends not only to cover EU law and policy, but also to make a comparison with other legal systems. In this respect, something noteworthy is taking place in the United States where, as of today, consumers’ access to financial data sharing has been largely dependent on private-sector efforts. Indeed, Section 1033 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (passed in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008) provides that, subject to rules prescribed by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (CFPB), a consumer financial services provider must make available to a consumer information, in its control or possession, concerning the consumer financial product or service that the consumer obtained from the provider. This provision, which dates back to 2010, has never been implemented. However, on 22 October 2020, the CFBP has announced its intention to regulate open banking, issuing an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking. In light of their investigation, the authors advocate the adaptation of the current strategies to the modified conditions and, in some instances, the creation of novel mechanisms, more suitable to face unprecedented threats.
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Reports on the topic "Welfare State Reform"

1

Bitler, Marianne, and Hilary Hoynes. The State of the Safety Net in the Post-Welfare Reform Era. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16504.

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2

Blank, Rebecca. Evaluating Welfare Reform in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8983.

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3

Eissa, Nada, Henrik Jacobsen Kleven, and Claus Thustrup Kreiner. Evaluation of Four Tax Reforms in the United States: Labor Supply and Welfare Effects for Single Mothers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10935.

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