Academic literature on the topic 'Weighted linear combination'
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Journal articles on the topic "Weighted linear combination"
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Malczewski, Jacek. "Local Weighted Linear Combination." Transactions in GIS 15, no. 4 (August 2011): 439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2011.01275.x.
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Mukherjee, Jayanta. "Linear combination of weighted t-cost and chamfering weighted distances." Pattern Recognition Letters 40 (April 2014): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2013.12.012.
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Kang-Sun Choi, A. W. Morales, and Sung-Jea Ko. "Design of linear combination of weighted medians." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 49, no. 9 (2001): 1940–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/78.942623.
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Tong, Cezhong, and Ligang Geng. "Linear combination of derivative weighted composition operators." Transactions of Tianjin University 18, no. 1 (January 10, 2012): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12209-012-1683-z.
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Oruç, İpek, Laurence T. Maloney, and Michael S. Landy. "Weighted linear cue combination with possibly correlated error." Vision Research 43, no. 23 (October 2003): 2451–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00435-8.
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Zhang, Li, and Wei-Da Zhou. "Sparse ensembles using weighted combination methods based on linear programming." Pattern Recognition 44, no. 1 (January 2011): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2010.07.021.
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Carter, Brad, and Claus Rinner. "Locally weighted linear combination in a vector geographic information system." Journal of Geographical Systems 16, no. 3 (November 30, 2013): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10109-013-0194-3.
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Guo, Xin, and Maofa Wang. "Compact linear combinations of composition operators over the unit ball." Journal of Operator Theory 88, no. 1 (June 15, 2022): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7900/jot.2020nov28.2310.
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In this paper, we study the compactness of any finite linear combination of composition operators with general symbols on weighted Bergman spaces over the unit ball in terms of a power type criterion. The strategy of the proof involves the subtle connection of composition operator theory between weighted Bergman spaces and Korenblum spaces.
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Jyh-Rong, Chou. "A weighted linear combination ranking technique for multi-criteria decision analysis." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 16, no. 5 (December 7, 2013): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v16i5.639.
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Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is an alternative approach, which provides a way to systematically structure and analyse complex decision problems. This study presents a novel method of applying the weighted linear combination ranking technique (WLCRT) to MCDA. The proposed WLCRT method is based on the linear combinations of matrix algebra calculations. It has distinct advantages in preference modeling, weight elicitation, and aggregation performance. In this method, the decision matrix of preferences is constructed using a 7-point Likert scale. The weights of criteria are elicited from the proximity matrix of preference relations using the eigenvector method. Then, the weighted generalised means are used to aggregate preference information as well as to rank the order of decision alternatives. The WLCRT method can flexibly reflect different decision attitudes for the decision maker. It is both technically valid and practically useful, and can be used in dealing with multiple criteria analysis problems involving ranking of alternatives.
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Li, Rui, Liang Tao, and Hon Keung Kwan. "Efficient discrete Gabor transform with weighted linear combination of analysis windows." Electronics Letters 52, no. 9 (April 2016): 772–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2015.4143.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Weighted linear combination"
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Sartori, Anderson Antonio da Conceição [UNESP]. "Análise multicritérios na definição de áreas prioritárias à conectividade entre fragmentos florestais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90440.
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sartori_aac_me_botfca.pdf: 1545646 bytes, checksum: 2a12c4231007bbdc6a9decf7078f30c2 (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
A Bacia do Rio Pardo representa muito bem a situação de grande parte do território, onde a fragmentação florestal é um dos resultados do processo desordenado de uso e ocupação do solo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi definir as áreas prioritárias para favorecer a conectividade entre os fragmentos florestais, visando à restauração florestal. Utilizou-se a abordagem multicriterial, em ambiente SIG, com Método da Combinação Linear Ponderada, para combinação dos fatores (características da paisagem) importantes ao objetivo do trabalho. Para estabelecer os fatores, seus respectivos pesos de compensação (expressam a ordem de importância dos fatores no processo de decisão) e restrições (categorias restritivas das características) empregaram-se a Técnica Participatória e o Processo Hierárquico Analítico, no próprio SIG. A princípio os fatores selecionados foram: proximidade entre fragmentos de maior área nuclear; proximidade à cobertura florestal; proximidade à rede hidrográfica; distância aos centros urbanos; erodibilidade; e declividade. Para obtenção desses fatores foram necessários os planos de informação: uso e cobertura do solo; fragmentos de floresta; área nuclear dos fragmentos de floresta; rede hidrográfica; centros urbanos, declividade; e erodibilidade do solo. O resultado obtido foi um mapa de áreas prioritárias, com graus de prioridade representados de forma contínua no espaço de 255 níveis. Para facilitar a visualização e também a análise dos resultados, o mapa foi reclassificado, de maneira a apresentar apenas cinco graus de prioridade. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que: a Avaliação Multicritérios, em ambiente SIG, é adequada ao mapeamento de áreas prioritárias à restauração florestal em bacias hidrográficas, o método da Combinação Linear Ponderada é flexível, fácil de ser implementado, e permite...
The Pardo River Basin provides a good representation of the situation of the region, where forest fragmentation is a result of the haphazard process of the land use and occupation. The aim of this study was to define the priority areas to facilitate connectivity between forest fragments in order to forest restoration. Multicriteria approach with Weighted Linear Combination was used for combination of factors (landscape features). To establish the factors, their weights compensation (expressing the relative importance of factors in decision making) and the restrictions (restrictive category of characteristics) it was used to Participatory Technical and Analytic Hierarchy Process. The selected factors were: proximity of fragments of larger nuclear area, proximity to forest area, proximity to water, distance to urban centers; soil erodibility, and slope. The result obtained was a map of priority areas, with levels of priority represented on a continuous way, from 0 to 255. To facilitate the visualization and the analysis of results, the map was reclassified, with only five levels of priority. It was concluded, from the results, that the Multicriteria Evaluation ,in a Geographical Information Systems (GIS), is appropriate to the mapping of priority areas for forest restoration in river basins, the method of Weighted Linear Combination is flexible, easy to be implement, and allows the interaction of knowledge (researchers, analysts) and landscape features, determining the robustness of the solution for decision making; multicriteria analysis, based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), is essential in evaluating the factors, it uses a pair wise comparison between factors to determine the relative importance of each one, reducing subjectivity and subsidizing the creation of better scenarios for the decision maker; and the map of adequacy, for forest recovery River Basin Pardo-SP... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Sartori, Anderson Antonio da Conceição 1980. "Análise multicritérios na definição de áreas prioritárias à conectividade entre fragmentos florestais /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90440.
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Orientador: Célia Regina Lopes ZimbackBanca: Carlos Alberto Vettorazzi
Banca: Sergio Lázaro de Lima
Resumo: A Bacia do Rio Pardo representa muito bem a situação de grande parte do território, onde a fragmentação florestal é um dos resultados do processo desordenado de uso e ocupação do solo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi definir as áreas prioritárias para favorecer a conectividade entre os fragmentos florestais, visando à restauração florestal. Utilizou-se a abordagem multicriterial, em ambiente SIG, com Método da Combinação Linear Ponderada, para combinação dos fatores (características da paisagem) importantes ao objetivo do trabalho. Para estabelecer os fatores, seus respectivos pesos de compensação (expressam a ordem de importância dos fatores no processo de decisão) e restrições (categorias restritivas das características) empregaram-se a Técnica Participatória e o Processo Hierárquico Analítico, no próprio SIG. A princípio os fatores selecionados foram: proximidade entre fragmentos de maior área nuclear; proximidade à cobertura florestal; proximidade à rede hidrográfica; distância aos centros urbanos; erodibilidade; e declividade. Para obtenção desses fatores foram necessários os planos de informação: uso e cobertura do solo; fragmentos de floresta; área nuclear dos fragmentos de floresta; rede hidrográfica; centros urbanos, declividade; e erodibilidade do solo. O resultado obtido foi um mapa de áreas prioritárias, com graus de prioridade representados de forma contínua no espaço de 255 níveis. Para facilitar a visualização e também a análise dos resultados, o mapa foi reclassificado, de maneira a apresentar apenas cinco graus de prioridade. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que: a Avaliação Multicritérios, em ambiente SIG, é adequada ao mapeamento de áreas prioritárias à restauração florestal em bacias hidrográficas, o método da Combinação Linear Ponderada é flexível, fácil de ser implementado, e permite... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Pardo River Basin provides a good representation of the situation of the region, where forest fragmentation is a result of the haphazard process of the land use and occupation. The aim of this study was to define the priority areas to facilitate connectivity between forest fragments in order to forest restoration. Multicriteria approach with Weighted Linear Combination was used for combination of factors (landscape features). To establish the factors, their weights compensation (expressing the relative importance of factors in decision making) and the restrictions (restrictive category of characteristics) it was used to Participatory Technical and Analytic Hierarchy Process. The selected factors were: proximity of fragments of larger nuclear area, proximity to forest area, proximity to water, distance to urban centers; soil erodibility, and slope. The result obtained was a map of priority areas, with levels of priority represented on a continuous way, from 0 to 255. To facilitate the visualization and the analysis of results, the map was reclassified, with only five levels of priority. It was concluded, from the results, that the Multicriteria Evaluation ,in a Geographical Information Systems (GIS), is appropriate to the mapping of priority areas for forest restoration in river basins, the method of Weighted Linear Combination is flexible, easy to be implement, and allows the interaction of knowledge (researchers, analysts) and landscape features, determining the robustness of the solution for decision making; multicriteria analysis, based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), is essential in evaluating the factors, it uses a pair wise comparison between factors to determine the relative importance of each one, reducing subjectivity and subsidizing the creation of better scenarios for the decision maker; and the map of adequacy, for forest recovery River Basin Pardo-SP... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Basnet, Badri Bahadur. "Geographic Information System based manure application planning." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2002. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001410/.
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[Abstract]: The disposal of animal waste has become a problem in many parts of the world due to the rapid growth in the number and the size of intensive animal industries. Safe waste disposal sites are rarely available and the relocation and/or treatment of animal waste is seldom economically viable. The reuse of animal waste for energy recovery and re-feeding is also not popular. Animal waste is a valuable source of plant nutrients and a very good soil conditioner, and has been commonly applied as fertiliser to agricultural fields. However, due to the increasing oversupply of animal waste in recent years, it has often been applied in excess to the agricultural fields. Excessive application of animal waste, without due consideration of its implications, is a serious concern. The run-off and leaching losses of nutrients from the fields fertilised with animal waste have contributed significantly to the eutrophication and toxic blue-green algae blooms in surface water systems and nitrification of ground water systems. It has also led to nutrient imbalances in the soils and odour pollution to the surrounding communities. The animal waste, which is a valuable source of plant nutrients, has thus become both an economic and environmental burden, and there is a need to develop a strategy for its sensible use as a fertiliser in agricultural fields. Sensible use of animal waste involves the consideration of all the agricultural, environmental, social, and economical limitations. A rational method of achieving this is to restrict the use of animal waste to sites suitable for such uses, identify areas where it can be relocated and applied economically, limit the application rates to a safe level, and observe appropriate manure management practices. This study addressed each of these components by developing a comprehensive manure application plan (MAP) for the site-specific use of animal waste as fertiliser in agricultural fields. Various geographic information systems (GIS) based techniques, including a weighted linear combination model and map algebra based cartographic modelling, were employed to achieve the goal. The appropriateness of the existing techniques and procedures were evaluated and modified to meet the current input requirements. New methods of analysis were devised as necessary. The Westbrook sub-catchment of the Condamine River catchment in south-east Queensland was selected as the study area. The sub-catchment covers 24,903 hectares and contains 39 intensive animal industries. The catchment is also a part of the Murray-Darling Basin, which has been suffering from toxic blue green algae blooms recurrently since 1991. This study identified that only about one-fifth of the sub-catchment area is suitable for animal waste application. Depending on the method of site suitability analysis and the number of input factors used the suitable area ranged between 16 and 22 percent. This comparatively small area is mainly due to the presence of a large proportion of non-agricultural areas in the sub-catchment. The suitable areas were also found to have various degrees of suitability for waste application. However, the degree of site suitability was affected by the number of input factors used in the analysis, the weighting of the factors, and the method of factor attribute standardisation. Conventional methods of weighting input factors were found to be cumbersome and not particularly suitable. Hence, this study developed a new ‘objective oriented comparison’ method of factor weighting. Standardisation of input factors using a continuous, rather than discrete, classification (ie fuzzy set) method was found to be more consistent in degree of suitability determination. The discrete classification of factor attributes into classes of different numbers and sizes, and the weighting of classes to a sum of one, were identified as a limitation in using this standardisation method. A new ‘weight adjustment’ method was devised and demonstrated to reduce factor-weighting biases. The suitable sites, degree of site suitability, and other relevant spatial and non-spatial information were processed within a GIS framework to develop a comprehensive manure application plan. The inherently high presence of available phosphorus in the soils of the study area was recognised and the P2O5 content in the manure was used as the basis for determining manure application rates. A complimentary nitrogen supply map was also generated. Manure management practices applicable to the areas with a lower degree of suitability were also suggested.
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Brito, Mariana Madruga de. "Geoprocessamento aplicado ao mapeamento da suscetibilidade a escorregamentos no município de Porto Alegre, RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/101208.
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Os movimentos de massa são fenômenos naturais que fazem parte dos processos de dinâmica superficial que modelam a superfície terrestre. Quando ocorrem em áreas ocupadas, podem provocar perdas econômicas, impactos sociais e, em casos extremos, perda de vidas humanas. O estabelecimento de medidas preventivas para mitigar estes danos demanda a identificação das áreas mais propensas a esses fenômenos. Partindo deste contexto, o objetivo desta dissertação foi desenvolver uma proposta metodológica para mapear a suscetibilidade a escorregamentos no município de Porto Alegre-RS, com o emprego de ferramentas de geoprocessamento. As variáveis utilizadas foram: declividade, geologia, distância de lineamentos, acúmulo de fluxo, uso do solo e cobertura vegetal, as quais foram processadas no software Idrisi. Após a padronização das variáveis por meio da aplicação de funções fuzzy e pela atribuição direta de notas, definiu-se a importância de cada uma na predisposição do terreno a escorregamentos com base na consulta a especialistas, com o apoio da técnica denominada processo analítico hierárquico. A integração das variáveis foi realizada por meio de combinação linear ponderada, estabelecendo-se dois cenários de suscetibilidade a escorregamentos: o primeiro com a suscetibilidade natural e o segundo com a suscetibilidade induzida. Os resultados indicam que as áreas mais suscetíveis a escorregamentos situam-se, principalmente, nos morros da Crista de Porto Alegre e nos morros isolados no sul do município. O restante do município apresenta, de maneira geral, baixa suscetibilidade. A validação dos resultados obteve uma exatidão geral de 95% e 94% respectivamente para os Cenários 1 e 2. As áreas abaixo da curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) foram respectivamente de 0,960 e 0,966, o que indica que as variáveis e os pesos foram adequados e que ambos os cenários são robustos. Assim, constata-se que as ferramentas de geoprocessamento são úteis no mapeamento da suscetibilidade a escorregamentos, pois tornam ágil o mapeamento e sua atualização, e dão mais clareza e transparência ao processo de avaliação da suscetibilidade. Além disso, o método proposto permite reduzir os esforços nas etapas iniciais da gestão de riscos, possibilitando ao gestor priorizar os mapeamentos mais detalhados nas áreas com maior suscetibilidade. Isso demonstra que as rotinas de apoio à decisão, como as utilizadas neste trabalho, podem ser incorporadas em estudos de suscetibilidade, provendo importantes informações para o planejamento urbano dos municípios.Mass movements are natural phenomena that are part of the surface dynamic processes that shape the Earth’s surface. When they occur in urban areas, can cause economic losses, social impacts and, in extreme cases, losses of human lives. The implementation of preventive measures to mitigate those damages requires the identification of the areas prone to these events. Therefore, the aim of this dissertation was to develop a methodological approach to map landslide susceptibility at the municipality of Porto Alegre-RS, with the use of geoprocessing tools. The variables used were: slope, geology, distance from lineaments, flow accumulation and land use, which were processed in the Idrisi software. After the standardization of the variables through the application of fuzzy functions and the direct assignment of notes, the importance of each one on the predisposition of landslides was defined, based on the opinion of experts, with the support of the technique entitled analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The integration of the variables was based on weighted linear combination, resulting in two scenarios: the first with the natural susceptibility and the second with the induced susceptibility. The results indicate that the most susceptible areas to landslide are located in the hills of the Crista de Porto Alegre and in the isolated hills located at the south of the municipality. The remaining area has, in general, low susceptibility. The validation of the results obtained an overall accuracy of 95% and 94%, respectively for Scenarios 1 and 2. The areas under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve were respectively 0.960 and 0.966, indicating that the variables and weights were adequate and both scenarios are robust. Thus, it is noted that geoprocessing tools are useful to map the landslide susceptibility, since they make the mapping process and its updates agile, and give more clarity and transparency to the susceptibility assessment process. In addition, the proposed method reduces efforts in the early stages of risk management, enabling the manager to prioritize the most susceptible areas for detailed mappings. This demonstrates that decision support routines, such as those used in this dissertation, can be incorporated into susceptibility studies, providing important information for the urban planning.
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Sumida, Simone Sayuri. "Avaliação multicriterial na definição de áreas protegidas, no município de Piedade - SP." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1530.
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Previous issue date: 2013-11-08Fragmentation, degradation of habitats, overexploitaton of species and introduction of exotic species are some of the main threats to biodiversity, as a consequence of the human consumption and expansion needs. The local preservation or preservation in situ , through the establishment of legally protected areas is one way to mitigate the expansion of these activities. Piedade municipality presents a set of favorable conditions to establish protected areas: the urbanization is relatively low, native forest remnants occupy approximately 25% of the municipal area, and there are two relevant protected areas with portions within its boundaries: the Environmental Protection Area of Itupararanga, in the northeastern part, and, the State Park of Jurupará, in the southeastern portion. The protected areas in general occupy extensive areas, with different patches, forming a landscape mosaic, and can be studied by Geospatial Technologies, specially through one of its main techniques, the Geographic Information System (GIS), which allows the aggregation of factors through different approaches. Multicriteria evaluation (MCE) is one of those approaches, which transforms and combines different factors, considering their relevance and their respective levels of influence on the production of solutions / alternatives for decision making. In this context, the purpose of this study was to define priority areas for protection, in the Piedade municipality, through the Multicriteria evaluation (MCE). The specific objective was to identify the importance and influence of the selected factors on the decision support process and to evaluate which methods of MCE is appropriated to this study: Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) or Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA). We defined the criteria and theirs weights using the Participatory Technique. The result was one map of priority areas through WLC and two maps through OWA, with similar degrees of tradeoffs and different degrees of risk to the decision support. The methods (WLC and OWA) enable the definition of priority areas for protection, although the WLC proposes a less detailed solution, which can result in uncertainties in landscape planning. The OWA offers different solutions, considering the risk-taking and factors tradeoffs, providing a greater number of possible answers to the question of interest. The map with low risk-taking was the more appropriated to define priority areas for protection in the Piedade municipality, SP.
Fragmentação, degradação de habitats, superexploração de espécies, introdução de espécies exóticas são algumas das principais ameaças à biodiversidade, devido às necessidades de consumo e expansão humana. Uma das formas de mitigar a expansão dessas atividades e proteger a diversidade biológica, em longo prazo, é a preservação local, ou in situ, por meio do estabelecimento de áreas legalmente protegidas. O município de Piedade apresenta um conjunto de condições favoráveis à consolidação de áreas protegidas, como a urbanização relativamente baixa, a presença de valiosos remanescentes florestais que ocupam aproximadamente 25% da área do município e a existência de duas relevantes Unidades de Conservação com porções dentro de seus limites: a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) de Itupararanga na região nordeste do município e o Parque Estadual (PE) do Jurupará, na região sudeste. As áreas protegidas são, em geral, extensas e compostas por diferentes elementos na paisagem e podem ser estudadas por meio do Geoprocessamento, em especial, por uma de suas principais técnicas, o Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), o qual permite a agregação de fatores por meio de diferentes abordagens. A Avaliação Multicriterial (AMC) é uma dessas abordagens, a qual transforma e combina diferentes fatores considerando a relevância dos mesmos e os seus respectivos níveis de influência, produzindo soluções/alternativas para a tomada de decisão. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo geral identificar áreas prioritárias à proteção, no município de Piedade, por meio da Avaliação Multicriterial (AMC). Os objetivos específicos foram identificar os fatores, e seus pesos, importantes à definição dessas áreas prioritárias, para as condições da área de estudo e avaliar qual método de AMC, se a Combinação Linear Ponderada (CLP) ou se a Média Ponderada Ordenada (MPO), é o mais apropriado ao objetivo do presente estudo. Por meio da Técnica Participatória, definiu-se os critérios e seus respectivos pesos. Obteve-se um mapa de áreas prioritárias por meio de CLP e outros dois mapas, com valores de compensação semelhantes e diferentes graus de risco para a tomada de decisão. Tanto a CLP quanto a MPO possibilitam a identificação de áreas propensas a se tornarem protegidas, porém a CLP forneceu soluções mais gerais e menos detalhadas que, se não forem bem avaliadas, podem acarretar em incertezas no planejamento da paisagem. A MPO permitiu obter distintas soluções para o processo decisório, por considerar os riscos e as compensações entre os fatores, fornecendo uma maior quantidade de possíveis respostas à questão de interesse. O mapa obtido por meio da MPO, com risco baixo de tomada de decisão, foi considerado o mais adequado para a definição de áreas prioritárias à proteção no município de Piedade, SP.
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Tang, Zongpei. "Selecting Optimal Residential Locations Using Fuzzy GIS Modeling." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5396/.
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Integrating decision analytical techniques in geographic information systems (GIS) can help remove the two primary obstacles in spatial decision making: inaccessibility to required geographic data and difficulties in synthesizing various criteria. I developed a GIS model to assist people seeking optimal residential locations. Fuzzy set theory was used to codify criteria for each factor used in evaluating residential locations, and weighted linear combination (WLC) was employed to simulate users' preferences in decision making. Three examples were used to demonstrate the applications in the study area. The results from the examples were analyzed. The model and the ArcGIS Extension can be used in other geographic areas for residential location selection, or in other applications of spatial decision making.
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Pal, Anibrata. "Multi-objective optimization in learn to pre-compute evidence fusion to obtain high quality compressed web search indexes." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2016. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5128.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The world of information retrieval revolves around web search engines. Text search engines are one of the most important source for routing information. The web search engines index huge volumes of data and handles billions of documents. The learn to rank methods have been adopted in the recent past to generate high quality answers for the search engines. The ultimate goal of these systems are to provide high quality results and, at the same time, reduce the computational time for query processing. Drawing direct correlation from the aforementioned fact; reading from smaller or compact indexes always accelerate data read or in other words, reduce computational time during query processing. In this thesis we study about using learning to rank method to not only produce high quality ranking of search results, but also to optimize another important aspect of search systems, the compression achieved in their indexes. We show that it is possible to achieve impressive gains in search engine index compression with virtually no loss in the final quality of results by using simple, yet effective, multi objective optimization techniques in the learning process. We also used basic pruning techniques to find out the impact of pruning in the compression of indexes. In our best approach, we were able to achieve more than 40% compression of the existing index, while keeping the quality of results at par with methods that disregard compression.
Máquinas de busca web para a web indexam grandes volumes de dados, lidando com coleções que muitas vezes são compostas por dezenas de bilhões de documentos. Métodos aprendizagem de máquina têm sido adotados para gerar as respostas de alta qualidade nesses sistemas e, mais recentemente, há métodos de aprendizagem de máquina propostos para a fusão de evidências durante o processo de indexação das bases de dados. Estes métodos servem então não somente para melhorar a qualidade de respostas em sistemas de busca, mas também para reduzir custos de processamento de consultas. O único método de fusão de evidências em tempo de indexação proposto na literatura tem como foco exclusivamente o aprendizado de funções de fusão de evidências que gerem bons resultados durante o processamento de consulta, buscando otimizar este único objetivo no processo de aprendizagem. O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta onde utiliza-se o método de aprendizagem com múltiplos objetivos, visando otimizar, ao mesmo tempo, tanto a qualidade de respostas produzidas quando o grau de compressão do índice produzido pela fusão de rankings. Os resultados apresentados indicam que a adoção de um processo de aprendizagem com múltiplos objetivos permite que se obtenha melhora significativa na compressão dos índices produzidos sem que haja perda significativa na qualidade final do ranking produzido pelo sistema.
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Tsai, Hsing-Chuan, and 蔡幸娟. "The Similarity Analysis of Linear Combination for the Prediction of Taiwan Weighted Stock Indices." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18060896231338520506.
Full textAbstract:
碩士朝陽科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
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Many researchers have been endeavoring to analyze and forecast the trend of Taiwan Weighted Stock Indices (TAIEX) from historical data for years. However, the effective duration of the past data applied for the prediction work is still arguable since the future closing prices are not always constituted by the related present closing prices. In this study, the Moving Average approach, both long-term and short-term, is integrated with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and their outcomes are employed as parameters for the grey relational linear moving analysis then others. Four different models including General Fluctuation Average Model, Grey Relational Fluctuation Average Model, General Linear Revision Model, and Grey Relational Linear Revision Model, are implemented to forecasts the trend of TAIEX. The results show that the Grey Relational Linear Model performs higher prediction accuracy. The empirical results are summarized as follows: 1.The best duration parameters acquired from GA for Grey Relational Linear Models are 15-days for short-term and 32-days for long-term respectively. 2.The results of the Globalized Grey Relational Analysis for short-term discovery that comparison sequences prior to or posterior six months are less related to the target sequence. 3.The Grey Relational Fluctuation Average Model and General Linear Revision Model perform better prediction accuracy than that of the General Fluctuation Average Model and General Linear Revision Model in terms of short-term and long-term periods. This result is conformable with our suggestion that historical linear patterns provide effective information for the trend prediction of TAIEX.
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PANCHAL, SANDEEP. "LANDSLIDE MICROZONATION IN HIMALAYAN REGION USING GEOSPATIAL TOOLS." Thesis, 2023. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19737.
Full textAbstract:
Hilly regions are highly prone to natural disasters. Natural disasters like floods, forest fires, slope
failures, erosion, and landslides are common phenomena in hilly terrains. Landslide is a disastrous
phenomenon that is responsible for economic losses and loss of lives. Landslides are responsible
for huge economic loss which makes them 3rd largest natural disaster after floods and earthquakes.
The planners and engineers require information about the possibility of the occurrence of
landslides in working regions. So, the landslide hazards must be planned carefully to avoid losses.
Microzonation of landslides or slopes which are susceptible to failure is an important task for
understanding and planning the mitigation measures for landslides. Microzonation of landslides is
the identification of the potential occurrence of landslides in different areas. The microzonation
maps of landslides represent the landslide susceptibility and distribution of previously occurred
landslides.
The main objective of the thesis is to implement and compare the mixed methods and quantitative
techniques of landslide susceptibility mapping. Due to the high subjectivity of the opinion of the
experts, the qualitative techniques give lesser accuracy as compared to the statistical method. So,
it is also attempted to propose a hybrid technique for enhancing the accuracy of expert-based
methods.In this thesis, causative factors of landslides are identified using historical landslide data.
The causative factors of landslides considered in this study are slope gradient, slope aspect, relative
relief, topographic wetness index (TWI), lithology, drainage density, proximity to the road,
proximity to faults/lineament and land use of the study area. The causative factors of the landslides
are divided into simpler sub-categories. For example, the slope is divided into sub-categories like
0º to 15º, 15º to 30º, etc. Slope, aspect, relative relief and TWI are extracted by processing the
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CARTOSAT DEM. The parameters that are not extracted from the digital elevation model (DEM)
are converted into the digital format using the geographic information system (GIS). The impact
of these causative factors on the occurrence of landslides is evaluated using an expert-based
approach and mathematical approach.
In this study, four models are implemented for the microzonation of landslides in the study area.
A landslide inventory containing more than 1500 landslide events is prepared using previous
literature, news reports, Geological Survey of India (GSI) practical sheets, google imagery and
field survey. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), frequency ratio (FR) and Shannon’s entropy
models are used for landslide susceptibility mapping and a new technique by hybridization of
Shannon’s entropy and AHP model is proposed taking a case study of Shimla region in Himachal
Pradesh (H.P). However, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a semi-qualitative model and an
improvement over expert-based techniques, the rest three models are mathematical models. The
weightage of causative factors and sub-factors are determined based on expert opinion and are
checked for consistency in AHP. The weightage of causative factors and sub-factors in the other
three models is obtained using mathematical relationships. Four landslide susceptibility maps for
the study area are prepared and the performance of each method is evaluated using the receiver
operation characteristics (ROC) curve.
It can be observed that the frequency ratio (FR) model is the most effective approach in predicting
the landslide susceptibility while the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) remained the least
productive. The hybrid model i.e. SE-AHP model performed better as compared to the analytic
hierarchy process (AHP) model. Shannon’s entropy model assigns weightage to the causative
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factors and sub-factors both, but still, the model’s accuracy is lesser compared to the frequency
ratio (FR) model. The mathematical models require a well-distributed landslide inventory while it
is not essential for the expert-based models. It is observed that the accuracy of the results in
mathematical methods depends upon the distribution and accuracy of the landslide inventory while
the accuracy depends upon the expert’s judgment in the case of expert-based methods. Some work
has been reported related to mathematical and expert-based models but Shannon’s entropy has
been used very rarely. The performance of the AHP model is improved significantly by the
hybridization of AHP with Shannon’s entropy. The results of the study revealed that realistic
weightage can be obtained only from an accurate and well-distributed inventory.
Finally, the thesis presents a comparison of expert-based methods and mathematical
methods for landslide susceptibility mapping. The study helps in identifying the contribution of
causative factors in the occurrence of landslides. The output of the study helps in the demarcation
of the zones of high landslide potential. This study also provides information that can be used by
the researchers in understanding and choosing the suitable method for landslide susceptibility
mapping. The newly proposed mixed technique in this study can reduce the subjectivity in the
expert-based methods and improve the accuracy of the AHP model. The results of the study will
also help the planners and risk managers for understanding the landslide potential in the study area.
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Rodas, Nancy Ofelia Urbina, and 歐比娜. "A Framework for Improving the Accuracy of Software Effort Estimation Using Linearly Weighted Combinational Models." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07776887563906957703.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Weighted linear combination"
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Troussas, Christos, Akrivi Krouska, Panagiotis Douros, and Cleo Sgouropoulou. "Recommending Open Educational Resources Using Weighted Linear Combination." In Multiple Criteria Decision Making, 137–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34892-1_7.
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Crossa, José, J. Jesús Cerón-Rojas, Johannes W. R. Martini, Giovanny Covarrubias-Pazaran, Gregorio Alvarado, Fernando H. Toledo, and Velu Govindan. "Theory and Practice of Phenotypic and Genomic Selection Indices." In Wheat Improvement, 593–616. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_32.
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AbstractThe plant net genetic merit is a linear combination of trait breeding values weighted by its respective economic weights whereas a linear selection index (LSI) is a linear combination of phenotypic or genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) which is used to predict the net genetic merit of candidates for selection. Because economic values are difficult to assign, some authors developed economic weight-free LSI. The economic weights LSI are associated with linear regression theory, while the economic weight-free LSI is associated with canonical correlation theory. Both LSI can be unconstrained or constrained. Constrained LSI imposes restrictions on the expected genetic gain per trait to make some traits change their mean values based on a predetermined level, while the rest of the traits change their values without restriction. This work is geared towards plant breeders and researchers interested in LSI theory and practice in the context of wheat breeding. We provide the phenotypic and genomic unconstrained and constrained LSI, which together cover the theoretical and practical cornerstone of the single-stage LSI theory in plant breeding. Our main goal is to offer researchers a starting point for understanding the core tenets of LSI theory in plant selection.
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He, Xiaogang, Yang Hong, Xiaodi Yu, Amy B. Cerato, Xinhua Zhang, and Marko Komac. "Landslides Susceptibility Mapping in Oklahoma State Using GIS-Based Weighted Linear Combination Method." In Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment, 371–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05050-8_58.
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Singh, Prafull. "Groundwater Potential Assessment Using GIS-Based Weighted Linear Combination Technique: A Case Study of Hard Rock Terrain Around Bhopal, India." In Impacts of Urbanization on Hydrological Systems in India, 255–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21618-3_13.
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Gupta, Vijay, and Gancho Tachev. "Voronovskaja’s Theorem in Terms of Weighted Modulus of Continuity." In Approximation with Positive Linear Operators and Linear Combinations, 89–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58795-0_6.
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Heilmann, Margareta. "Rate of Approximation of Weighted Derivatives by Linear Combinations of SMD Operators." In Numerical Methods in Approximation Theory, Vol. 9, 97–115. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8619-2_6.
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Prudêncio, Ricardo, and Teresa Ludermir. "A Machine Learning Approach to Define Weights for Linear Combination of Forecasts." In Artificial Neural Networks – ICANN 2006, 274–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11840817_29.
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Kwak, Dongyoup, Dongil Jang, and Jae-Kwang Ahn. "Linear Combination of Ground Motion Models with Optimized Weights Using Quadratic Programming." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Performance Based Design in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (Beijing 2022), 928–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11898-2_69.
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Tavares, Leonardo D., Rodney R. Saldanha, Douglas A. G. Vieira, and Adriano C. Lisboa. "A Proposed Extreme Learning Machine Pruning Based on the Linear Combination of the Input Data and the Output Layer Weights." In Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning – IDEAL 2014, 354–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10840-7_43.
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"Weighted and Directed Graph Approaches." In Security, Privacy, and Anonymization in Social Networks, 116–36. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5158-4.ch006.
Full textAbstract:
It is interesting to look at the types of social networks that are directed or weighted, or social networks with the combination of both. In many cases, the relationship between vertices may be quantifiable (weighted) or asymmetrical (directed). In this chapter, the authors first introduce the concept of weighted social networks and present an anonymization algorithm for these networks called the anonymity generalization algorithm. After that, they discuss k-anonymous path privacy and introduce the MSP algorithm. Next, the authors introduce the (k1, k2)-shortest path privacy and a (k1, k2)-shortest path privacy algorithm. Then they introduce directed weighted social networks and present the k-multiple paths anonymization on PV+NV (KMPPN). Also, the authors present a technique to convert directed networks into undirected networks. Finally, the authors present the linear property preserving anonymization approach for social networks.
Conference papers on the topic "Weighted linear combination"
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Choi, Kang-Sun, Aldo W. Morales, and Sung-Jea Ko. "Adaptive linear combination of weighted medians." In Electronic Imaging 2002, edited by Edward R. Dougherty, Jaakko T. Astola, and Karen O. Egiazarian. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.468011.
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Elaoud, Amani, Walid Barhoumi, Hassen Drira, and Ezzeddine Zagrouba. "Weighted Linear Combination of Distances within Two Manifolds for 3D Human Action Recognition." In 14th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007369000002108.
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Elaoud, Amani, Walid Barhoumi, Hassen Drira, and Ezzeddine Zagrouba. "Weighted Linear Combination of Distances within Two Manifolds for 3D Human Action Recognition." In 14th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007369006930703.
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Tinoco, S. L. J. L., H. G. Santos, D. Menotti, A. B. Santos, and J. A. dos Santos. "Ensemble of classifiers for remote sensed hyperspectral land cover analysis: An approach based on Linear Programming and Weighted Linear Combination." In IGARSS 2013 - 2013 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2013.6723730.
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Kang, Zhao, Xiao Lu, Jinfeng Yi, and Zenglin Xu. "Self-weighted Multiple Kernel Learning for Graph-based Clustering and Semi-supervised Classification." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/320.
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Multiple kernel learning (MKL) method is generally believed to perform better than single kernel method. However, some empirical studies show that this is not always true: the combination of multiple kernels may even yield an even worse performance than using a single kernel. There are two possible reasons for the failure: (i) most existing MKL methods assume that the optimal kernel is a linear combination of base kernels, which may not hold true; and (ii) some kernel weights are inappropriately assigned due to noises and carelessly designed algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel MKL framework by following two intuitive assumptions: (i) each kernel is a perturbation of the consensus kernel; and (ii) the kernel that is close to the consensus kernel should be assigned a large weight. Impressively, the proposed method can automatically assign an appropriate weight to each kernel without introducing additional parameters, as existing methods do. The proposed framework is integrated into a unified framework for graph-based clustering and semi-supervised classification. We have conducted experiments on multiple benchmark datasets and our empirical results verify the superiority of the proposed framework.
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Teng, H., S. K. Bate, and D. W. Beardsmore. "Statistical Analysis of Residual Stress Profiles Using a Heuristic Method." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61378.
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In this paper we present a recently developed heuristic method for statistical analysis of residual stress that is based on a combination of the weighted least-squares method and the application of expert judgement. The least-squares method allows a model of the best residual stress profile to be determined as a linear combination of basis functions; the expert knowledge gives the flexibility of applying expert judgement to determine the weights from the observed scatter in the residual stress data. The heuristic method has been applied to a set of measurement data of a Welded Bead-on-Plate specimen. The results show that with the heuristic method, it is possible to obtain less conservative residual stress profile to a known confidence level.
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Pavel, Michael. "Information fusion over apertures and spatial frequencies." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.thp3.
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This study investigated the ability of humans to combine information about the position and orientation of straight edges from two or more regions of their spatial frequency spectra. The stimuli were luminance edges and straight lines decomposed into spatial frequency bands by using Laplacian pyramids. Different combinations of the frequency components contaminated by additive noise were presented at either the same or different spatial locations. The task was to judge the positions and orientations of the edges with respect to a probe point. Depending on the condition, the optimal fusion strategy was either a linear or nonlinear additive weighted combination. In the nonlinear condition the weights at each location ought to depend on the information at that location. Although observers showed some sensitivity to the noise level in different bands, they performed suboptimally. Unlike in the case of motion perception, high frequencies in edges captured low frequency information.
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Steinberg, S. J., R. King, C. Tiedemann, and D. Peitsch. "Identification of Surrogate Control Variables for a Robust Active Flow Controller of an Experimental High Speed Stator Cascade." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94179.
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Active flow control is a powerful option to ensure secure operation and enhancement of the performance of axial compressors. To achieve these goals for aerodynamically highly loaded compressor blade profiles even under disturbed conditions, the magnitude of the actuation needs to be adjusted by a closed-loop controller. To this end, sensors must be placed at some meaningful positions at the surface of the blades giving information about the flow situation inside the passages. The sensor information can then lead to surrogate control variables to close the loop. Often, good sensor positions are unknown initially and therefore chosen naively or experience-driven. To obtain more informative surrogate control variables, a different approach is chosen here. Starting with a highly instrumented blade inside a linear stator cascade, featuring 16 pressure gauges in an area which is suspected to lead to high information content with respect to detrimental flow separations at the sidewalls, a Principal Component Analysis is done. The principal components provide valuable information about where and how intensively the flow is influenced by the actuation. This is validated by comparison with the results of oil flow visualizations and wake measurements. The goal is to find a linear combination of as few sensors as possible to provide a meaningful input for the closed-loop controller. As experiments are conducted up to Ma = 0.8, the signal-to-noise ratio becomes a critical issue. For this reason, specifically weighted data are introduced here. A linear combination of sensor data is obtained, describing the main effects of the actuation with an almost linear mapping. For the given set of sensors, that linear combination achieves a maximum signal-to-noise ratio, which makes it well suited as a control variable. The practical usefulness of the control variable within a robust ℋ∞-flow controller is verified in experiments in a high speed stator cascade.
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Chen, Kaian, Zhaojian Li, Yan Wang, Jing Wang, Kai Wu, and Dimitar P. Filev. "Online Nonlinear System Identification With Parameter Constraints: Application to Automotive Engine Systems." In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-9092.
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Abstract In this paper, we treat the problem of online nonlinear system identification with parameter constraints. This approach is based upon our prior work on nonlinear system identification that exploits evolving Spatial-Temporal Filters (STF) to dynamically decompose system’s input/output space into a nonlinear combination of weighted local models. We extend the nonlinear system identification framework with the capability of dealing with linear equality and inequality parameter constraints. We leverage the gradient projection method in the local model parameter estimation process to inherently enforce the parameter constraints while retaining optimality. We apply the proposed algorithm to a turbo-charged gasoline engine system and promising results are demonstrated by experimental data.
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Kamenik, Jan, Michele Stramacchia, David J. J. Toal, Andy J. Keane, and Ron Bates. "Axial Compressor Rotor Optimization Using a Novel Ensemble of Surrogates-Based Infill Criterion." In ASME 2017 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2017-4516.
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A novel infill criterion for so-called ensemble of surrogates-based optimization is proposed and applied in practice for an aerodynamic compressor rotor design optimization. The ensemble uses a combined approach based on different radial basis functions and aims to reduce prediction errors through weighted linear combinations of radial basis functions. The update strategy uses a new hybrid custom metric termed α, which incorporates information about each surrogate’s local agreement through correlation coefficients and also information about the global accuracy of each ensemble combination through the root-mean-square error. Surrogate models are searched using a hybrid optimizer, i.e., with a genetic algorithm and sequential quadratic programming, and proposed update points are evaluated using the high-fidelity black box function. The results are compared with established optimization approaches and the best design is analyzed further in terms of the flow physics. Results show that α-based ensemble of surrogates approaches are particularly efficient for large-scale cases, where other types of surrogates such as Kriging models are onerous to construct.