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Murakami, Jessica M., Brooke L. Bennett, Devin Rand-Giovannetti, Emily C. Stefano, and Janet D. Latner. "Enhancing employee wellness: Translating an effective community behavioral weight-loss treatment to the worksite." Nutrition and Health 26, no. 3 (May 21, 2020): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0260106020926834.
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Background: As rates of obesity continue to rise in the USA, there is a need for effective treatments for excess adiposity. Behavioral weight-loss interventions can produce clinically meaningful weight reduction through life-style modifications. However, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of high-intensity behavioral weight-loss interventions at worksites. Aim: The present research investigated the effectiveness of a previously validated behavioral weight-loss intervention in a Hawai‘i worksite. Methods: Thirty-six participants were recruited from the employee population of a local employer. Participants received six months of group behavioral weight-loss treatment from trained providers. Anthropomorphic, physiological, psychological, and behavioral assessments were collected pre and post treatment. Select physiological and behavioral assessments were collected every four sessions. Results: Sixty-one percent of participants adhered to treatment, and 78% of participants completed treatment. From pre to post treatment, results found that participants achieved clinically significant improvements in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, with accompanying physiological, psychological, and behavioral improvements ( F(12, 2)=101.379, p=0.010, partial η2=0.998). Analyses revealed that participants also achieved significant changes in weight, BMI, and waist circumference across time points, as well as improvements in specific eating habits. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated the efficacy of a worksite behavioral weight-loss program. The present intervention produced clinically significant weight losses for a large proportion of participants, accompanied by significant improvements in physiological, behavioral, and psychological outcomes. This research is promising for the ongoing implementation of behavioral weight-loss approaches.
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Bannerman, Elaine, Michelle D. Miller, Lynne A. Daniels, Lynne Cobiac, Lynne C. Giles, Craig Whitehead, Gary R. Andrews, and Maria Crotty. "Anthropometric indices predict physical function and mobility in older Australians: the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing." Public Health Nutrition 5, no. 5 (December 2002): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2002336.
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AbstractObjective:To evaluate, in terms of function and mobility, the predictive value of commonly adopted anthropometric ‘definitions’ used in the nutritional assessment of older adults, in a cohort of older Australians.Design:Prospective cohort study – Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA).Setting:Adelaide, South Australia (1992–1994).Subjects:Data were analysed from 1272 non-institutionalised (685 males, 587 females) older adults ≥70 years old in South Australia. Seven ‘definitions’ commonly used in the anthropometric assessment of both under- and overnutrition (including four using body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference and percentage weight change) were evaluated at baseline, for their ability to predict functional and mobility limitation assessed (by self-report questionnaire) at two years follow-up. All questionnaires were administered and anthropometry performed by trained investigators. The associations between the definitions and decline in mobility and physical function were evaluated over two years using multiple logistic regression.Results:A BMI >85th percentile or >30 kgm−2 or a waist circumference of >102 cm in males and >88 cm in females increased risk of functional and mobility limitations. Over two years, a loss of 10% body weight significantly increased the risk of functional and mobility limitations.Conclusion:Maintaining weight within older adults, irrespective of initial body weight, may be important in preventing functional and mobility limitations. Excessive weight is associated with an increased risk of limitation in function and mobility, both key components of health-related quality of life.
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Quested, Eleanor, Dominika Kwasnicka, Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Daniel F. Gucciardi, Deborah A. Kerr, Kate Hunt, Suzanne Robinson, et al. "Protocol for a gender-sensitised weight loss and healthy living programme for overweight and obese men delivered in Australian football league settings (Aussie-FIT): A feasibility and pilot randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 8, no. 10 (October 2018): e022663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022663.
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IntroductionOverweight and obesity are highly prevalent among Australian men. Professional sports settings can act as a powerful ‘hook’ to engage men in weight loss programmes; the Football Fans in Training programme delivered in professional UK soccer clubs was successful and cost-effective in helping men lose weight. The Australian Football League (AFL) is a potentially attractive setting to engage men in a weight loss programme. We aim to develop, pilot and evaluate the feasibility of a weight loss intervention for overweight/obese middle-aged men, delivered in AFL settings, to promote weight loss and healthier lifestyles and determine its suitability for a future randomised control trial.Methods and analysis120 overweight/obese male fans will complete baseline physical and psychological health measures and objective measures of physical activity (PA), weight, waist size and blood pressure prior to randomisation into the intervention or waitlist comparison group. The intervention group will receive 12 weekly 90 min workshops incorporating PA, nutrition education, behaviour change techniques and principles of effective motivation. Four community coaches will be trained to deliver Aussie-FIT at two AFL clubs in Western Australia. Measurements will be repeated in both groups at 3 months (post-intervention) and 6 months (follow-up). Outcomes will include programme uptake, attendance, changes in lifestyle and weight variables to inform power calculations for a future definitive trial, fidelity of programme delivery, acceptability, satisfaction with the programme and perceptions of effectiveness. We will also determine trial feasibility and potential to gather cost-effectiveness data.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was granted by Curtin University’s Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC2017-0458). Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and reports. A multicomponent dissemination strategy will include targeted translation and stakeholder engagement events to establish strategies for sustainability and policy change.Trial registration numberACTRN12617000515392; Pre-results.
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Vassilopoulou, Emilia, Georgia Piperari, and Christoforos Christoforou. "Is Zumba® Fitness Effective to Manage Overweight Without Dietary Intervention?" Arab Journal of Nutrition and Exercise (AJNE) 1, no. 3 (November 12, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ajne.v1i3.1228.
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Background: Zumba® Fitness is a popular aerobic exercise and sometimes due to its high-intensity is considered sufficient for weight management,, from both trainers and trainees,, regardless of the type of diet followed. Its effectiveness in weight and body fat loss,, with or without dietary intervention has been slightly studied.Subjects and Methods: In the current randomized controlled trial,, thirty two healthy adult overweight women who attended exclusively Zumba® fitness for three times per week,, were randomly divided into 3 subgroups and received parallel dietary advice for two months: Group A did not receive dietary intervention (control group),. Group B received general healthy eating guidelines based on the Mediterranean pyramid and the food plate model and Group C individualized diet plan according anthropometric characteristics,, lifestyle,, and dietary habits. A Food Frequency Questionnaire used at baseline to assess dietary habits before the study,, and three 24-hour recalls evaluated compliance upon dietary intervention.Results: Significant reductions in body weight,, fat,, hip and waist circumference revealed in Group C, and in body fat of Group B.Conclusions: Zumba® fitness is enjoyable and could be used to enhance weight loss with appropriate dietary individualized advice in overweight subjects. In parallel,. it could be effective when combined with healthy eating guidance for improving fat loss and general well being.
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Bo, Simona, Farnaz Rahimi, Bice Properzi, Giuseppe Regaldo, Ilaria Goitre, Valentina Ponzo, Stefano Boschetti, et al. "Effects of self-conditioning techniques in promoting weight loss in patients with severe obesity: a randomized controlled trial protocol." International Journal of Clinical Trials 4, no. 1 (January 25, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20170304.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Obesity is a worldwide epidemic; most obese individuals who lose weight after lifestyle educative treatments, soon regain it. Our aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of a training to teach self-conditioning technique (self-hypnosis) added to standard care in determining weight loss compared with standard care in patients with obesity</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled open trial will recruit 120 obese patients (BMI 35-50 Kg/m<sup>2</sup>), aged 20-70 years. The control group will receive a traditional approach: diet + exercise + behavioral recommendations. The experimental group will receive self-conditioning techniques + traditional approach.</p><p>Three individual sessions of hypnosis with rapid-induction techniques will be administered by trained personnel. All the participants of both groups will be assessed at three, six, nine and twelve months after randomization. The primary outcome is weight loss difference between groups at 12 months after randomization; secondary outcomes are changes in adherence to dietetic and exercise recommendations, appetite and satisfaction/well-being, waist circumference and body fat, blood pressure and blood metabolic and inflammatory variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this trial will assess whether a self-conditioning approach, based on self-hypnosis, is able to help participants to modulate unhealthy patterns of eating and sustain weight loss in the long term.<strong></strong></p>
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Lim, Su Lin, Jolyn Johal, Kai Wen Ong, Chad Yixian Han, Yiong Huak Chan, Yin Mei Lee, and Wai Mun Loo. "Lifestyle Intervention Enabled by Mobile Technology on Weight Loss in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): e14802. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14802.
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Background The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) reaches up to 30% in the Asian adult population, with a higher prevalence in obese patients. Weight reduction is typically recommended for patients at high risk or diagnosed with NAFLD, but is a challenge to achieve. Objective We aimed to evaluate the effect of a lifestyle intervention with a mobile app on weight loss in NAFLD patients. Methods This prospective randomized controlled trial included 108 adults with NAFLD confirmed by steatosis on ultrasound and a body mass index ≥23 kg/m2 who were recruited from a fatty liver outpatient clinic. The patients were randomly allocated to either a control group (n=53) receiving standard care, consisting of dietary and lifestyle advice by a trained nurse, or an intervention group (n=55) utilizing the Nutritionist Buddy (nBuddy) mobile app in addition to receiving dietary and lifestyle advice by a dietitian. Body weight, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured at baseline, and then at 3 and 6 months. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were used for statistical comparisons. Results The intervention group had a 5-fold higher likelihood (relative risk 5.2, P=.003, 95% CI 1.8-15.4) of achieving ≥5% weight loss compared to the control group at 6 months. The intervention group also showed greater reductions in weight (mean 3.2, SD 4.1 kg vs mean 0.5, SD 2.9 kg; P<.001), waist circumference (mean 2.9, SD 5.0 cm vs mean –0.7, SD 4.4 cm; P<.001), systolic blood pressure (mean 12.4, SD 14.8 mmHg vs mean 2.4, SD 12.4 mmHg; P=.003), diastolic blood pressure (mean 6.8, SD 8.9 mmHg vs mean –0.9, SD 10.0 mmHg; P=.001), ALT (mean 33.5, SD 40.4 IU/L vs mean 11.5, SD 35.2 IU/L; P=.004), and AST (mean 17.4, SD 27.5 U/L vs mean 7.4, SD 17.6 IU/L, P=.03) at 6 months. Conclusions Lifestyle intervention enabled by a mobile app can be effective in improving anthropometric indices and liver enzymes in patients with NAFLD. This treatment modality has the potential to be extended to a larger population scale. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617001001381; https://tinyurl.com/w9xnfmp
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Habib, Nashmia, Faiza Kamal, and Mubbasher Munir. "Comparison of the Effectiveness of Home-Based Workouts and Gym Training according to Caloric Intake." International Health Review 1, no. 2 (December 16, 2021): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/ihr.0102.02.
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With the advancement in technology and the growing sedentary lifestyle, comorbidities related to obesity and overweight are also increasing. Every other person complains of weight gain and is looking for ways to reduce pounds on the scale. Most people have started working out at their homes instead of going out to the gym due to the Coronavirus Pandemic, while others have a proper routine of working out in the gym. Thus, our research study compares the effectiveness of home-based workout programs and gym workouts to analyze which type of workout will provide the most effective results in the shortest time, keeping in view the participants' caloric intake. This study aims to inspect the amount of fat loss, changes are seen on the weight scale, changes in body composition (via BIA analysis), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, keeping in view the intensity and duration of exercise parallel to their caloric intake. It was a four week (one month) comparative study on 50 home-based exercisers and 50 adults working out in the gym (ages 19 – 39) under the supervision of a trainer. The weight, body and visceral fat percentages were assessed using a Body Impedance Analysis (BIA) machine. Also, variables measured were waist circumference, height, blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate and social status (through MacArthur's subjective social status ladder). There was observed dietary history from every individual through a 24-hour dietary recall for the past three days. Subjects had a follow-up after every seven days (weekly), and all the data was entered and analyzed on SPSS.
Out of 100 participants, 68% study participants were males and 32% participants were females. Most of the participants were not taking any diet or were taking greater than equal to 1400 kcals per day. Comorbidity data showed that, 86% participants did not have any comorbidities while remaining 14% had different types of comorbidities. 49% participants were doing strength training, 34% were performing cardio, 12% were doing aerobics and 5% opted for yoga. In the gym in higher social status, it is only males that are working out while some females of low socio-economic status also work out at the gym. Males of very low socioeconomic status also prefer gym workout. In home-based work out there is equal number of males and females in higher social status whereas only females of low socioeconomic status prefer working out at home. Gender wise distribution of type of exercise (TOE) and type of diet (TOD) data showed that most males are strength training with ≥ 1400 kcal. Most females perform cardio exercises with a caloric intake of 1100 to 1300 kcal per day. classification of subjects according to body mass index (BMI) showed that 4% individuals had lower BMI, 24% were normal, 14% and 22% were overweight and obese respectively, however 28% had morbid obesity. Results showed that people who do home based workout had significant difference with body fat percentage, visceral fat percentage, waist circumference and body mass index. However, there were no significant differences found in terms of Waist to hip ratio, heart rate, and Respiratory Rate. The chi-square test shows .001 significance which means there is a significant association between BMI and gender. Gym and home-based workouts have their benefits, and we cannot label one as more beneficial. But people who work out in the gym had lesser body fat and lesser visceral fat, which gives it more significance. Moreover, gym workouts proved to keep control of blood pressure in individuals. Both gym and home workouts have similar effects on the waist to hip ratio, heart rate and respiratory rate. The benefit of home workouts is evident in reducing waist circumference.
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Moretto, Maria Clara, Maria Inês Tadoni, Anita Liberalesso Neri, and Maria Elena Guariento. "Associations among self-reported diabetes, nutritional status, and socio-demographic variables in community-dwelling older adults." Revista de Nutrição 27, no. 6 (December 2014): 653–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732014000600001.
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Objective:The aim of this study was to describe relationships between self-reported diabetes mellitus and its treatment, according to demographic and socioeconomic data, as well as indicators of nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults.Methods:This is a population-based and a cross-sectional study derived from the multicentric survey "Frailty in Brazilian Elderly". The random sample consisted of 881 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older from the city of Campinas. The self-reported variables were: age, gender, family income (minimum salaries), education (years of education); and absolute data (yes versusno) regarding unintentional weight loss and weight gain, diabetes, and its treatment. Anthropometric variables were collected by trained examiners following classic protocols. Body mass index was classified as: underweight <23; normal weight ≥23 and <28; overweight ≥28 and <30; and obesity ≥30. Waist-to-hip ratio, indicator of abdominal adiposity, was classified according the metabolic risk, for male and female, respectively: low 0.90-0.95 and 0.80-0.85; moderate 0.96-1.00 and 0.86-0.90; and high >1.00 and >0.90.Results:The variables most associated with diabetes were obesity (OR=2.19), abdominal adiposity (OR=2.97), and unintentional weight loss (OR=3.38). The lack of diabetes treatment was associated with advanced age (p=0.027), lower educational level (p=0.005), and low metabolic risk (p=0.004).Conclusion: Self-reported diabetes was associated with obesity but mostly with abdominal adiposity and unintentional weight loss. Not being treated for diabetes mellituswas associated with advanced age, lower levels of education, and lower abdominal adiposity.
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Мирсаева, G. Mirsaeva, Камаева, E. Kamaeva, Андрианова, O. Andrianova, Ибрагимова, and L. Ibragimova. "Effective treatment of obesity in women of reproductive age." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 9, no. 4 (December 8, 2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/16777.
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The study included 82 women aged from 18 to 49 years old (mean age 29,7±5,7 years). A clinical examination, the study of body composition by bioimpedance measuring, questioning were carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using the program Microsoft Exel, "Statistica 7,0". Analysis of the diet revealed the excess of the daily energy value of food intake over energy requirements of 650±250 kcal/day in the group of persons with obesity in comparison with healthy. Disorders of balanced daily diet were noted. To improve motivation and compliance in the "School of overweight correction" the patients with obesity and healthy were trained in groups and individually. After training, the authors observed favorable trends in nutrition of patients, reducing the fat consumption in 7,2±0,8 g/day and refined carbohydrates to 8,2±0,5 g/day. In the treatment the authors used the drug The Reduxine (sibutramine in combination with microcrystalline cellulose) at a dose of 10 mg. The Observation lasted 24 weeks. Caloric value of daily ration decreased by 20-28% from initial, average weight loss was 8,9±1,6 kg, waist circumference decrease was 11,4±1,8 cm. Patients with risk of diabetes took the Sibutramine + microcrystalline cellulose (the Reduxine) at a dose of 10 mg and the Metformin at a dose of 500 mg. There is increase dose weekly by 500 mg to dose of 1500 mg. Energy intake decreased by 28 ± 7% of the original (p <0,05) on combination therapy. As a result of the combined therapy the Reduxine at a dose of 10 mg and the Metformin at a dose of 1500 mg, the authors revealed a decrease in body weight - 9,7 ± 1,5 kg (p<0,05), waist circumference - 11,4±1,8 cm (p<0.05). The therapy by the Reduxine at a dose of 10 mg for 6 months and combined therapy with the Reduxine 10 mg and the Metformin 1500 mg led to the control of feeding behavior, improvement in metabolic parameters, target weight loss. This therapy is effective and safety.
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Ostojic, Sergej M., and Zlatko Ahmetovic. "The Effect of 4 Weeks Treatment with a 2-gram Daily Dose of Pyruvate on Body Composition in Healthy Trained Men." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 79, no. 3 (May 1, 2009): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.79.3.173.
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The principal aim of this study was to determine the effects of short-term (28 days) pyruvate supplementation on body composition in young healthy men. Twenty-two young (mean age, 22.2 ± 2.7 years) male soccer players were allocated to two randomly assigned groups in a placebo-controlled, double-blind design. Subjects in the pyruvate group orally ingested tablets that contained pyruvate at a dose of 2 g per day in two equal doses for 4 weeks. There were no statistically significant changes in weight and body-mass index (BMI) within or between groups (p>0.05) after the supplementation protocol. Percentage of body fat decreased similarly in both pyruvate and placebo groups after the supplementation protocol (p>0.05). There were no changes in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), arm fat index (AFI), and total or regional muscle mass within or between groups (p>0.05). No subject reported any side effects from pyruvate or placebo treatment. The results of the present study indicate that supplementation with pyruvate during training does not significantly alter the body mass, fat, and muscle mass in healthy trained men. Pyruvate supplementation appears to be ineffective as a fat loss strategy in young athletes.
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Rosenzweig, James L., George L. Bakris, Lars F. Berglund, Marie-France Hivert, Edward S. Horton, Rita R. Kalyani, M. Hassan Murad, and Bruno L. Vergès. "Primary Prevention of ASCVD and T2DM in Patients at Metabolic Risk: An Endocrine Society* Clinical Practice Guideline." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 104, no. 9 (July 31, 2019): 3939–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-01338.
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Abstract Objective To develop clinical practice guidelines for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in individuals at metabolic risk for developing these conditions. Conclusions Health care providers should incorporate regular screening and identification of individuals at metabolic risk (at higher risk for ASCVD and T2DM) with measurement of blood pressure, waist circumference, fasting lipid profile, and blood glucose. Individuals identified at metabolic risk should undergo 10-year global risk assessment for ASCVD or coronary heart disease to determine targets of therapy for reduction of apolipoprotein B–containing lipoproteins. Hypertension should be treated to targets outlined in this guideline. Individuals with prediabetes should be tested at least annually for progression to diabetes and referred to intensive diet and physical activity behavioral counseling programs. For the primary prevention of ASCVD and T2DM, the Writing Committee recommends lifestyle management be the first priority. Behavioral programs should include a heart-healthy dietary pattern and sodium restriction, as well as an active lifestyle with daily walking, limited sedentary time, and a structured program of physical activity, if appropriate. Individuals with excess weight should aim for loss of ≥5% of initial body weight in the first year. Behavior changes should be supported by a comprehensive program led by trained interventionists and reinforced by primary care providers. Pharmacological and medical therapy can be used in addition to lifestyle modification when recommended goals are not achieved.
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Peletidi, A., and R. Kayyali. "Evaluation of the first pharmacy-led weight management programme in Greece." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 29, Supplement_1 (March 26, 2021): i45—i46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riab015.056.
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Abstract Introduction Obesity is one of the main cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.(1) In primary care, pharmacists are in a unique position to offer weight management (WM) interventions. Greece is the European country with the highest number of pharmacies (84.06 pharmacies per 100,000 citizens).(2) The UK was chosen as a reference country, because of the structured public health services offered, the local knowledge and because it was considered to be the closest country to Greece geographically, unlike Australia and Canada, where there is also evidence confirming the potential role of pharmacists in WM. Aim To design and evaluate a 10-week WM programme offered by trained pharmacists in Patras. Methods This WM programme was a step ahead of other interventions worldwide as apart from the usual measuring parameters (weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP)) it also offered an AUDIT-C and Mediterranean diet score tests. Results In total,117 individuals participated. Of those, 97.4% (n=114), achieved the programme’s aim, losing at least 5% of their initial weight. The mean % of total weight loss (10th week) was 8.97% (SD2.65), and the t-test showed statistically significant results (P<0.001; 95% CI [8.48, 9.45]). The programme also helped participants to reduce their waist-to-height ratio, an early indicator of the CVD risk in both male (P=0.004) and female (P<0.001) participants. Additionally, it improved participants’ BP, AUDIT-C score and physical activity levels significantly (P<0.001). Conclusion The research is the first systematic effort in Greece to initiate and explore the potential role of pharmacists in public health. The successful results of this WM programme constitute a first step towards the structured incorporation of pharmacists in public’s health promotion. It proposed a model for effectively delivering public health services in Greece. This study adds to the evidence in relation to pharmacists’ CVD role in public health with outcomes that superseded other pharmacy-led WM programmes. It also provides the first evidence that Greek pharmacists have the potential to play an important role within primary healthcare and that after training they are able to provide public health services for both the public’s benefit and their clinical role enhancement. This primary evidence should support the Panhellenic Pharmaceutical Association, to “fight” for their rights for an active role in primary care. In terms of limitations, it must be noted that the participants’ collected data were recorded by pharmacists, and the analysis therefore depended on the accuracy of the recorded data, in particular on the measurements or calculations obtained. Although the sample size was achieved, it can be argued that it is small for the generalisation of findings across Greece. Therefore, the WM programme should be offered in other Greek cities to identify if similar results can be replicated, so as to consolidate the contribution of pharmacists in promoting public health. Additionally, the study was limited as it did not include a control group. Despite the limitations, our findings provide a model for a pharmacy-led public health programme revolving around WM that can be used as a model for services in the future. References 1. Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving B, World Health Organization., World Heart Federation., World Stroke Organization. Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization; 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 26]. 155 p. Available from: http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/publications/atlas_cvd/en/ 2. Pharmaceutical Group of the European Union. Pharmacy with you throughout life:PGEU Annual Report [Internet]. 2015. Available from: https://www.pgeu.eu/en/library/530:annual-report-2015.html
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Qumby, Kim, Colette George, Ian Hambleton, Patrick Olivier, and Nigel Unwin. "3461 A community-based, low calorie dietary intervention for the prevention and remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 3, s1 (March 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.310.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The aim is to investigate if sustained weight loss due to caloric restriction can be achieved in a community setting, using faith-based organisations (FBOs) as hubs; and if this weight loss can lead to the re-establishment of normal metabolism (using the normalisation of blood sugar levels while off glucose lowering medication as a proxy) in a person with pre-diabetes or T2DM. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Members of the FBO with either a diagnosis of T2DM for <6 years or pre-diabetes as defined by the American Diabetes Association (ADA); and a Body Mass index (BMI) of ≥27 kg/m2 are eligible. After counselling, participants will be placed on a 12 week low calorie liquid diet, supplemented by low carbohydrate vegetables, totalling approximately 840 kcal/day. During this time, participants will be monitored weekly at their FBO by trained members of their congregation, with oversight from the study team, for change in weight, fasting blood glucose, waist and hip circumference and blood pressure. This will be followed by a 3 month period during which participants will receive ongoing dietary advice as they transfer to a balanced, reduced calorie, solid diet. Physical measurements will be monitored monthly during this 3 month period. The next 6 months is a period where the participants and the FBO health team move towards ‘independence’. This involves further training of the FBO health team and participants in healthy lifestyle habits; and a commitment by the leadership of the FBO to assume ‘ownership’ for NCD monitoring within their community. Physical measurements will be repeated at the end of one year. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Based on previous studies, we expect that participants who are compliant to the diet will lose approximately 2.2 kg per week over the 12 week period. This will be associated with rapid (within 1 week) normalisation of fasting blood glucose levels (<7mmol / L). We expect that, due to the accessibility of NCD monitoring and support, that participants to be satisfied with their care and compliant to their regime and that the results of the first 12 weeks will be sustained at the 12 month follow up. We expect that the FBO leadership will assume the responsibility of continuing and NCD programme, not only for the local congregation but for the surrounding community. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Diabetes remission with a low calorie diet is a viable intervention for T2DM remission however social support is key to an individual’s success. This novel study which proposes institution of a diabetes remission intervention which fits into the participant’s locale and involves peer support, should increase long-term success.
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P., Pelin Akyol, and Osman İmamoğlu. "The Effects of a Three Months Exercise on Physical Fitness, Body Composition and Some Blood Parameters in Sedentary Middle Aged Female." Journal of Education and Training Studies 7, no. 11 (August 29, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i11.4424.
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In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of three months of aerobic exercise on physical fitness, body composition and some blood parameters in sedentary Female. 45 sedentary Female with an average age of 36.11±1.04 years, high of 158.9 ±0.76 cm and weight of 70.83 ±1.67 kg have been selected. Sedentary Females were trained through an aerobic exercises programmed one hour a day for three days a week. The aerobic exercise time was on 12 weeks. Setting-up exercises and training in each training session were arranged in such a way as to make each woman’s heart rate to between a levels of 130-140 beats per minute. Statistical analysis were done with Paired-t test, Variance analysis and Scheffe tests. At the end of the three months exercise programmed, a decrease of %9.06 in body weight, %9.96 in systolic blood pressure, %6.94 in diastolic blood pressure, %12.42 in total cholesterol, %22.44 in Triglyceride, %21.16 in low density lipoprotein and %21.4 in fat content ratio have been registered. However, there were increases of %26.22 in hand grip power, %63.83 in the maximum oxygen transfer, %6.2 in aerobic strength and %16.34 in high density lipoprotein. Even though the three months exercise has produced significant effect to on systolic blood pressure, jumping, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apo-B, Triglyceride, Hip circumference at .01 level. On number of heart beats, hand grip power, waist circumference, the maximum oxygen transfer, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apo A I and fat contents, diastolic blood pressure and aerobic strength at .05 level. Conclusions: The result of three months low intensity aerobic exercises have shown the fact that such exercises could improve high density lipoprotein cholesterol values and physical fitness. Also by the changes of body fat, Triglyceride, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol values parameters it reduces body parameters. The risk for cardiovascular problems are reduced on sedentary females. Aerobic exercises programmers may be recommended to reduce hypertension, weight loss, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases or metabolic diseases on sedentary females between 130-140 heart rate.
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Erdem, Nur Bengü, Evrim Kahramanoğlu Aksoy, Derya Dikmen, Kübra Uçar Baş, Aslihan Ağaçdiken, Merve İlhan Esgin, and Zeynep Göktaş. "Effects of low fat diet on inflammatory parameters in individuals with obesity/overweight and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study." Medicine 103, no. 15 (April 12, 2024): e37716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000037716.
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered one of the most important causes of chronic liver disorders in the world. Dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor that represents the main target for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the impact of low-fat diet on anthropometric measurements, biochemical, and inflammatory parameters in individuals with obesity/overweight and NAFLD. A total of 108 individuals (n = 59 males and n = 49 females) aged between 19 and 65 years participated in the 12-week weight loss program. Dietary treatment plans including low-fat diets were randomly prescribed for each individual. Anthropometric measurements were collected by a trained dietitian at baseline and 12-week follow-up. Blood samples were collected for each individual at baseline and 3rd month for biochemical measurements and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), chemerin, and irisin levels in plasma. At the end of the study, body weight, body mass index, body fat % body fat mass (kg) reduced significantly in females and males (P < .05). Moreover, reductions in waist, hip, and neck circumferences were significant in both groups. Changes in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significant in 3rd month. After 3 months, reductions in TNF-α, IL-6, and FGF-21 levels were significant in individuals with obesity/overweight and NAFLD. While no significant change in chemerin and irisin levels was found. These results show that low-fat diet over a 12-week period led to improvements in both anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters in individuals with obesity/overweight and NAFLD.
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Toselli, Stefania, Georgian Badicu, Laura Bragonzoni, Federico Spiga, Paolo Mazzuca, and Francesco Campa. "Comparison of the Effect of Different Resistance Training Frequencies on Phase Angle and Handgrip Strength in Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041163.
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Phase angle (PA) is a strong predictor of sarcopenia, fragility, and risk of mortality in obese people, while an optimal muscular function and handgrip strength (HS) are required to perform different daily activities. Although there is a general agreement that resistance training improves health status in obese people, the optimal weekly training frequency for PA and physical performance parameters is not clear. This study aimed to compare the effects of different weekly resistance training frequencies performed over a 24 week exercise program on PA and HS in obese people. Forty-two women (56.2 ± 9.1 years, body mass index (BMI) 37.1 ± 4.9 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to one of two groups: a group with a high weekly training frequency of three times a week (HIGH, n = 21) and a group that performed only one weekly session (LOW, n = 21). The groups trained with an identical exercise intensity and volume per session for 6 months. Before and after the intervention period, the participants were assessed for anthropometric measures, bioimpedance analysis, and HS. There was a significant group × time interaction (p < 0.05) for waist circumference, bioimpedance reactance divided by body height (Xc/H), PA, and HS measures. In addition, only the HIGH group increased Xc/H, PA, and HS after the intervention period (p < 0.05), even after adjusting for weight loss and menopausal status. Physical exercise performed three times a week promotes better adaptations in PA and HS when compared with the same program performed once a week in obese women.
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Triffoni-Melo, Andresa Toledo, Rita de Cássia Lusia dos Santos, and Rosa Wanda Diez-Garcia. "Effect of weight and body composition changes on waist measurement of severely obese women receiving carbohydrate-restricted diet." Revista de Nutrição 27, no. 1 (January 2014): 05–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732014000100001.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of weight and body composition changes on waist measurement of severely obese women receiving a low-carbohydrate diet for a short-term. METHODS: Nineteen severely obese women divided into an intervention and a control group received a low-carbohydrate diet and a conventional diet, respectively, both with 1,200kcal, for seven days. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, body mass index, arm circumference, waist circumference (at the navel), two proposed measurements of waist circumference (waist circumference 1, 10cm above the navel; and waist circumference 2, 20cm above the navel), hip circumference; and body composition (lean mass and fat mass) were performed at baseline and end of the study. RESULTS: There was significant reduction of all variables in the intervention group (p<0.01), but the control group had no change in waist circumference (p=0.06) and hip circumference (p=0.36). Patients of the intervention group presented greater weight loss (4.4kg, p<0.01) and reduction of body mass index, waist circumference, waist circumference 1, waist circumference 2 (p<0.01), and fat mass (p=0.04) than the control group. CONCLUSION: The weight loss and body composition changes were greater in the low-carbohydrate group than in the conventional-diet group, and they had a greater impact on waist measurements. The proposed measurements (waist circumference 1 and waist circumference 2) were sensitive to weight reduction in both groups.
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Svendstrup, Mathilde, Kristine Højgaard Allin, Lars Ängquist, Peter Schnohr, Gorm Boje Jensen, Allan Linneberg, Betina Thuesen, et al. "Is abdominal obesity at baseline influencing weight changes in observational studies and during weight loss interventions?" American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 108, no. 5 (November 1, 2018): 913–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy187.
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ABSTRACT Background Body fat distribution is a marker of metabolic health independent of body size. Visceral fat accumulation has been suggested to result from a decreased expandability of the subcutaneous fat depots. Furthermore, the visceral fat may be easier to mobilize than the peripheral fat. We examined whether differences in abdominal obesity at baseline influenced prospective body-weight changes. Objective In this study we examined whether body-fat distribution at baseline was associated with long-term and short-term weight changes. Design We included 3 observational studies (ntotal = 7271) with mean follow-up times of 5–9 y and two 8–10-wk weight loss intervention studies (ntotal = 1091). We examined the association between baseline waist circumference and weight changes in a substitution regression model, where body weight, height, and fat-free mass were fixed so that a difference in waist circumference would reflect a difference in body fat distribution alone. The results were summarized in meta-analyses. Results In the observational studies, we found no associations between baseline waist circumference and subsequent weight change in men (β: 0.03 kg; 95% CI: −0.01, 0.08 kg; P = 0.19), but a negligible inverse association in women (β: −0.05 kg; 95% CI: −0.08, −0.01 kg; P = 0.01). There was no association between baseline waist circumference and weight loss in the intervention studies (men: β: −0.05 kg; 95% CI: −0.13, 0.03 kg; P = 0.25; women: β: −0.00 kg; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.03 kg; P = 0.84). However, in all studies, the SDs of the weight change residuals were greater, the greater the waist circumference at baseline. This trend was statistically significant in women in most studies as well as in men in 1 of the studies. Conclusions With narrow CIs in 3 observational studies and 2 weight loss interventions, we did not find any clinically or epidemiologically relevant association between baseline abdominal obesity and weight change. However, the present study suggests that a greater baseline abdominal obesity is a marker for greater weight fluctuations. The CCHS trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02993172. The Health2006 trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00316667. The ORG study was conducted before trial registration was required. The NUGENOB trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN25867281. The DiOGenes trial was registered atwww.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00390637.
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Shaffer, Annabelle, Mindy Lee, Catherine Applegate, Nouf Alfouzan, John Erdman, Jennie Hsu-Lumetta, and Manabu Nakamura. "Increased Protein Density During Weight Loss Is Correlated with Reduced Abdominal Obesity and Body Mass Index and Improved Body Composition." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa063_085.
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Abstract Objectives There is a clear link between abdominal obesity and chronic diseases. Dietary changes leading to substantial weight loss reduce obesity and improve health; however, no viable dietary treatment program exists that produces clinically significant, cost-effective, and sustainable weight loss. To test the hypothesis that a diet dense in lean proteins and fiber is inversely associated with abdominal obesity while maintaining skeletal muscle mass (SMM), we evaluated the correlation between mean protein and fiber density and changes in BMI, waist circumference and SMM during weight loss. Methods Thirty adult males and females participated in this ongoing, 2-year dietary weight loss program. The Individualized Dietary Improvement Program focused on reducing caloric intake and increasing protein (7–11 g/100 kcal) and fiber (1.8–3.2 g/100 kcal) density to desired ranges. Participants attended 19 group educational sessions, 3 individual counseling appointments, self-weighed daily, and submitted monthly 24-hour dietary recalls. BMI, waist circumference and body composition (InBody) measurements were collected at baseline and after 6 months. Results At 6 months, 25 participants (24–70y) remained in the study with 18 completing all body measurements. Mean weight loss (n = 25) was −2.2 ± 0.5 BMI points (–5.2 ± 1.3% of initial body weight) and mean waist circumference reduction (n = 18) was −6.5 ± 1.3 cm from baseline. Significant increases in protein and fiber density were seen from baseline to month 2 (P < 0.05). There were direct inverse associations between mean protein density and both reduced waist circumference (P < 0.01) and reduced BMI (P < 0.01). Fiber intake had no significant impact on weight loss, and maintenance of SMM did not significantly correlate with mean protein density. However, only 11.0 ± 3.2% of weight lost was due to the loss of SMM, supporting the efficacy of the program. A significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) existed between fat mass loss and protein density, with 74.3 ± 4.7% of excess body fat accounting for total weight lost. Conclusions Increased protein density correlates with accelerated loss of fat mass, greater reductions in abdominal adiposity, and may protect SMM from degradation during weight loss. Funding Sources This research is supported by the NIBIB of the NIH and the USDA NIFA.
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Kuk, Jennifer L., Rebecca A. G. Christensen, and Sean Wharton. "Absolute Weight Loss, and Not Weight Loss Rate, Is Associated with Better Improvements in Metabolic Health." Journal of Obesity 2019 (January 29, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3609642.
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Objective. To determine if the rate of weight loss (WL) is associated with metabolic changes independent of the absolute WL. Methods. WL and health changes were assessed in 11,281 patients attending a publicly funded clinical weight management program over a treatment period of 12.7 months. Early weight loss rate (WLR) in the first 3–6 months and overall WLR were categorized as Fast WLR (≥1 kg/wk), Recommended WLR (0.5 to 0.9 kg/wk), or Slow WLR (<0.5 kg/wk). Results. On average, patients attained a 6.6 ± 7.3 kg (5.8 ± 5.7%) WL over 12.8 ± 13.1 months. Prior to adjusting for covariates, patients with Fast WLR (−24.7 ± 13.4 kg) at 3–6 months had a greater overall WL as compared to those with Recommended WLR (−13.3 ± 8.7 kg) and Slow WLR (−5.0 ± 5.4 kg). Fast WLR also had greater improvements in the overall waist circumference and blood pressure than patients with Slow or Recommended WLR. However, after adjustment for absolute WL, Early and overall Recommended and Fast WLR did not differ in the changes in any of the health markers (P>0.05). Conversely, the absolute WL sustained is significantly associated with changes in metabolic health independent of WLR (P<0.001). Similar results were observed with WLR over the entire treatment period. Conclusions. Faster rates of WL are associated with a greater absolute WL and larger improvements in waist circumference and blood pressure. However, after adjusting for the larger absolute WL sustained, early and overall faster WLR do not appear to have advantages for improving metabolic health markers. Thus, the absolute WL attained may be the most important factor for improving metabolic health.
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Khusnul Khatimah, Khusnul Khatimah Khusnul Khatimah, Hikmawaty Mas'ud, and Suriani Rauf. "SENAM AEROBIK INTENSITAS SEDANG DAN PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN, PERSEN LEMAK SERTA RASIO LINGKAR PINGGANG PANGGUL MAHASISWA GIZI YANG OVERWEIGHT." Media Gizi Pangan 24, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32382/mgp.v24i1.290.
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Background: Physical training is one of many method for solving overweight, overgrease and to reach the best freshness of body and fungtional capality from someone.Objectives: Knowing the influence of aerobicnastic (SKJ 2012) in middle intentcity for weight lost, grace percent, and hip waist rim for overweight nutrient student in Health Politeknik of Makassar.Methods: This method is research experiment with one group, pre-test and post-test design. The research will be held in nutrient faculty health polyteknik of Makassar. Sample 30 students of nutrient faculty with overweight status have been choosen by purposive sampling.Results: The result showed that the average of weight loss and grace fat amount was 1,42 kg and 1,96 mm, at the same time, the hip waist rim were not decrease. Based on data analysis found that there were a significant relationship between aerobic with middle intencity and weight loss and grace fat (p=0,000), at the same time,there were not significant relationship between aerobic with middle intentcity and hip waist rim (p=0,882).Conclusions: Energi demand is due to the physical activity. Energy source are drived from the fat-burning in the body. Regular aerobic exercise can reduce the fat strored in body so that weight loss occurs.Keyword : Aerobicnastic, Weight, Grase Persent, Hip Waist Rim
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Westcott, Wayne, Amanda Colligan, Kelly Lannutti, Rita La Rosa Loud, and Samantha Vallier. "Effects of Resistance Exercise and Protein on Body Composition Following Weight Loss." Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology 7, no. 2 (January 1, 2018): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31189/2165-6193-7.2.25.
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Background: Research indicates that weight loss programs are effective for reducing body weight temporarily, but weight maintenance studies have been almost uniformly unsuccessful in preventing weight regain. Methods: Subjects who completed a 6-month weight loss study were invited to continue with a weight maintenance program. The weight loss study examined the effects of exercise (20 min strength, 20 min aerobics, twice weekly) and nutrition (1,200 to 1,800 kcal·d−1, 2 daily meal replacement protein shakes) on body weight and body composition. Weight loss program completers experienced improvements (P < 0.05) in body weight, percent fat, fat mass, lean mass, waist girth, and hip girth. Subjects who participated in the weight maintenance program performed the same strength and aerobic exercise protocol, but discontinued caloric restriction and decreased daily meal replacement protein shakes from 2 to 1. Results: After 6 months on the weight maintenance program, participants experienced improvement (P < 0.05) in percent fat, fat mass, lean mass, waist girth, and hip girth, with no significant change in body weight. A subgroup of subjects who continued the weight maintenance program for an additional 3 months experienced additional improvement (P < 0.05) in percent fat, fat mass, lean mass, waist girth, and hip girth, with no significant change in body weight. Conclusion: These findings indicated that a postdiet weight maintenance program incorporating 2 weekly resistance and aerobic exercise sessions coupled with a daily meal replacement protein shake was effective for avoiding weight regain and for improving body composition, with concurrent fat mass decrease and lean mass increase.
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Ferrara, Cynthia, Christine St Laurent, and Thomas Wilson. "The Benefits of a Weight Loss Contest in Overweight and Obese College Students." Recreational Sports Journal 32, no. 1 (March 2008): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/rsj.32.1.45.
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The purpose of this study was to examine whether a weight loss contest would result in changes in body composition in college students. Students were invited to participate in a semester-long weight loss contest. Monthly “weigh-ins” included body weight, body mass index (BMI), percent fat, and circumference measurements. Thirty-nine participants registered for the contest. Only 41% of the original participants attended at least four weigh-ins ( n = 16). Those participants who attended at least four weigh-ins attended more education and exercise sessions than the other participants and significantly reduced their weight, BMI, percent fat, waist, and waist-to-hip ratio over the semester-long contest. Percent change in weight was associated with education ( r = –.39) and exercise sessions attended ( r = –.41). In conclusion, campus-based weight loss contests can be successful in promoting weight loss, although additional studies are needed to determine what factors increase adherence and whether such programs promote long-term changes in physical activity and diet.
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Ahmad Zamri, Liyana, Geeta Appannah, Siti Yazmin Zahari Sham, Fazliana Mansor, Rashidah Ambak, Noor Safiza Mohd Nor, and Tahir Aris. "Weight Change and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Overweight and Obese Women." Journal of Obesity 2020 (May 1, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3198326.
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Introduction. The effect of weight loss magnitude on cardiometabolic risk markers has been sparsely studied, particularly among overweight and obese women from low socioeconomic areas. Objectives. To examine the association of weight loss magnitude with changes in cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight and obese women from low socioeconomic areas engaged in a lifestyle intervention. Methods. Analyses were performed on 243 women (mean body mass index 31.27 ± 4.14 kg/m2) who completed a 12-month lifestyle intervention in low socioeconomic communities in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare changes of cardiometabolic risk factors across weight change categories (2% gain, ±2% maintain, >2 to <5% loss, and 5 to 20% loss) within intervention and control group. Results. A graded association for changes in waist circumference, fasting insulin, and total cholesterol (p=0.002, for all variables) across the weight change categories were observed within the intervention group at six months postintervention. Participants who lost 5 to 20% of weight had the greatest improvements in those risk markers (−5.67 cm CI: −7.98 to −3.36, −4.27 μU/mL CI: −7.35, −1.19, and −0.59 mmol/L CI: −.99, −0.19, respectively) compared to those who did not. Those who lost >2% to <5% weight reduced more waist circumference (−4.24 cm CI: −5.44 to −3.04) and fasting insulin (−0.36 μU/mL CI: −1.95 to 1.24) than those who maintained or gained weight. No significant association was detected in changes of risk markers across the weight change categories within the control group except for waist circumference and adiponectin. Conclusion. Weight loss of >2 to <5% obtained through lifestyle intervention may represent a reasonable initial weight loss target for women in the low socioeconomic community as it led to improvements in selected risk markers, particularly of diabetes risk.
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Maruthur, Nisa M., Kimberly Gudzune, Susan Hutfless, Oluwakemi A. Fawole, Renee F. Wilson, Brandyn D. Lau, Cheryl A. M. Anderson, Sara N. Bleich, and Jodi Segal. "Avoiding Weight Gain in Cardiometabolic Disease: A Systematic Review." Journal of Obesity 2014 (2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/358919.
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Patients with cardiometabolic disease are at higher risk for obesity-related adverse effects. Even without weight loss, weight maintenance may be beneficial. We performed a systematic review to identify the effect of nonweight loss-focused lifestyle interventions in adults with cardiometabolic disease. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify comparative studies of lifestyle interventions (self-management, diet, exercise, or their combination) without a weight loss focus in adults with or at risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight, BMI, and waist circumference at ≥12 months were the primary outcomes. Of 24,870 citations, we included 12 trials (self-management,n=2; diet,n=2; exercise,n=2; combination,n=6) studying 4,206 participants. Self-management plus physical activity ± diet versus minimal/no intervention avoided meaningful weight (−0.65 to −1.3 kg) and BMI (−0.4 to −0.7 kg/m2) increases. Self-management and/or physical activity prevented meaningful waist circumference increases versus control (−2 to −4 cm). In patients with cardiometabolic disease, self-management plus exercise may prevent weight and BMI increases and self-management and/or exercise may prevent waist circumference increases versus minimal/no intervention. Future studies should confirm these findings and evaluate additional risk factors and clinical outcomes.
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SANTOS, Tiago Dália dos, Maria Goretti Pessoa de Araújo BURGOS, Maria da Conceição Chaves de LEMOS, and Poliana Coelho CABRAL. "CLINICAL AND NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS IN OBESE WOMEN DURING THE FIRST YEAR AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS." ABCD. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo) 28, suppl 1 (2015): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-6720201500s100016.
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Background: Clinic care for morbid obesity is not very effective. Bariatric surgery is being considered the best way of intervention for this kind of obesity. Aim : Evaluate the clinical and nutritional evolution during the first year of obese women submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Method : Retrospective series non-concurrent with 61 women. The variables were weight, BMI, weight loss percentage, loss of excessive weight percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference, lipid profile, daily use of supplements, practice of physical exercise, occurrence of sickness, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, asthenia, alopecia, dry skin, cramps and brittle nails. Results : They presented significant weight and IMC reduction as well as improvement in their lipid profile, in all consultations. After one year they presented 36,6% loss of the initial weight and 75% loss of excessive weight. The waist circumference also presented a considerable reduction on all the moments, decreasing from 122,1±13,4 cm to 94,1±10,6 cm. Regarding the intercurrences, the most frequent were alopecia, asthenia, dry skin and cramps. Conclusion : The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was effective in promoting and maintenance weight loss during the period of the first postoperative year.
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Paul, Bishwadeep, Vineet Nair, and Arbinder Singal. "O-090 WORKPLACE WELLNESS SOLUTIONS LEVERAGING DIGITAL THERAPEUTICS (DTX) RESULTED IN CLINICALLY MEANINGFUL IMPROVEMENT OF METABOLIC PARAMETERS IN INDIAN SEDENTARY OFFICE WORKERS." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0660.
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Abstract Introduction Lifestyle interventions play a primary role in the management of chronic diseases such as Diabetes, Prediabetes and Obesity. Digital Therapeutics can play a crucial role in solving such disorders among the working population, promote well-being, and foster engagement. Methodology In a consumer goods organization, sedentary office workers with diabetes were offered a curated Diabetes and Weight-Loss program. De-identified data of 18(mean age 42.7yrs±6.4; 22%Female) and 40(36.6yrs±5.8;12.5%Female) workers were analyzed who completed diabetes-management and weight-loss program respectively. Both programs provided access to a 90-day curated wellness application, remote-coaching, expert-care, digital-logging (meals, physical activity),and behavioral-therapy. A CGM-device was provided at the start of the Diabetes program. Pre-and post-program anthropometry data (weight-BMI-waist-hip circumferences)were analyzed, and glycemic parameters were assessed. Data were presented as mean and 95%CI, with paired-data being analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results Weight-loss program helped reduce weight/BMI, waist, and hip circumference in 90%,95%,and 85% members respectively. Weight reduction by 2.3(1.6,3.0)kg and BMI by 0.85(0.59,1.11)kg/m2 (p-<0.0001, for both) was evident from a baseline of 79.28(75.43,83.13)kg and 27.63(26.3,28.95)kg/m2 respectively. Waist-and-hip circumferences were reduced by 3.33(2.38,4.28)cm (p-<0.0001) and 1.84(0.75,2.92)cm (p-<0.001) from a baseline of 98.14(94.47,101.8)cm and 103.9(101,106.9)cm respectively. The diabetes-program led to HbA1c reduction by 0.75(0.13,1.37)% (p-0.03) from baseline of 7.17(6.32,8.03)%. 94.4% achieved reduction in weight/BMI. Significant reduction in weight by 3.06(1.69,4.44)kg and BMI by 1.11(0.59,1.63)kg/m2 (p-0.0005, for both) was noted from a baseline of 87.48(79.45,95.51)kg and 30.25(27.74,32.76)(kg/m2) respectively. Waist-and-hip circumferences were reduced in 70.58% and 81.5% respectively. Discussion and conclusion Implementation of Digital-Therapeutics programs showed significant improvements in weight/BMI, waist, hip-circumference, and glycemic control in sedentary office workers.
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Staynova, Radiana, and Vesselina Yanachkova. "Weight management strategies and food supplement intake among Bulgarian adults: results of a national survey." Pharmacia 70, no. 4 (October 12, 2023): 1119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109835.
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The number of overweight and obese people has dramatically risen in the last two decades and has become one of the most serious health concerns. This study aimed to assess the use of food supplements as aids in reducing body weight and different approaches for weight management practised by Bulgarian adults. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based online survey was conducted between December 2019 and February 2020. A total of 508 adults completed the survey. According to study participants, the Internet was the most used source of weight reduction information (66.9%). One hundred and seventy-two adults (33.9%) have sought weight-loss advice from a personal trainer/fitness instructor, and only 12.6% (n = 64) have consulted with a physician. More than half of the respondents (n = 288, 56.7%) reported food supplement use to maintain weight. The majority of the consumers were female (76.4%, p < 0.001) and adults with higher education (89.9%, p < 0.001). The main reasons for food supplement intake were individual research on the Internet (43%), advice from a personal trainer/fitness instructor (23.6%), and a recommendation from a healthcare provider (22.2%). With the increasing rates of overweight and obesity, food supplements are becoming a popular weight-loss approach, which is confirmed by our findings.
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Wyatt, Holly R., Bonnie T. Jortberg, Christine Babbel, Sara Garner, Fang Dong, Gary K. Grunwald, and James O. Hill. "Weight Loss in a Community Initiative That Promotes Decreased Energy Intake and Increased Physical Activity and Dairy Consumption: Calcium Weighs-In." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 5, no. 1 (January 2008): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.5.1.28.
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Background:This project addresses the need to identify feasible, effective weight-management programs that can be implemented within communities. The controversial role of dairy products in weight-management programs is also explored.Methods:The “Calcium Weighs-In” weight-loss program placed equal emphasis on diet and physical activity and was delivered within a community intervention to promote dairy consumption in Calcium, New York. One hundred ninety-nine adults in Calcium, NY, participated in the weight-loss program. Weight loss, increase in dairy intake, increase in steps, decrease in blood pressure, decrease in waist circumference, and decrease in body mass index (BMI) were examined.Results:The mean weight loss for 116 subjects who completed the program was 6.0 ± 4.2 kg (mean ± SD, P < .0001) with a percent weight change of 6.4% ± 4.2% (P < .0001). An increase of 3582 ± 4070 steps (P < .0001), as well as an increase of 0.8 ± 1.2 dairy servings (P < .0001) was seen. Higher average dairy consumption was associated with greater weight loss and a greater decrease in waist circumference.Conclusion:The results show that effective weight-management programs can be implemented within communities. The results are also consistent with recommendations to include low-fat dairy products and a physical activity component in weight-management programs.
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Dixit, Jagannath. "IJCM_112A: Impact of competitive spirit on weight, waist circumference and HbA1c among the followers of Dixit Lifestyle participating in 90 Days weightloss and Diabetes Reversal Challenge." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, Suppl 1 (April 2024): S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_abstract112.
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Background: Author has initiated World free of obesity and diabetes campaign since 2013. This lifestyle suggests taking only two meals in a day and go for any cardio exercise for 45 minutes at a stretch every day. This lifestyle is showing great results in weight loss and diabetes prevention/remission. Through the campaign 90 days weight loss and diabetes reversal challenge was organized from 1t August to 31st October 2023. Objectives: 1) To find out the effect of competitive spirit on weight and waist circumference among the participants 2) To find out the effect of competitive spirit on HbA1c and doses of diabetes medicines Methodology: Through messages on social media people were informed about the 90 days weight loss and diabetes reversal challenge. To join the challenge it was mandatory to submit there latest HbA1c and fasting insulin report, weight (Kg) and waist circumference (cm). Participants were categorized and added to non diabetic, prediabetic and diabetic WhatsApp groups having senior coordinators who monitored their progress. Members had to post screen shot of daily exercise and photo of daily meals. Weekly quizzes and various competitions were organized. Members filled daily google form and progress tracker at the end challenge with all parameters. Results: Out of 648 members 544 submitted all data at the end of three months which included 68 non diabetics, 253 prediabetics and 223 diabetics. Average weight loss was 4.12 Kg and waist circumference loss was 2.29 inches. Average HbA1c reduction was 0.428 gm%. 80 diabetics converted to prediabetic status and 10 to non diabetic status. 53 prediabetics became non diabetics. In 44 diabetics medicines were reduced and in 16 they were stopped. Conclusion: Competitive spirit while following Dixit Lifestyle has shown great results as regards weight loss, inch loss and HbA1c reduction.
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Haapala, Irja, Noël C. Barengo, Simon Biggs, Leena Surakka, and Pirjo Manninen. "Weight loss by mobile phone: a 1-year effectiveness study." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 12 (March 27, 2009): 2382–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005230.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the short- and long-term effectiveness and the predictors of weight loss in a mobile phone weight-loss programme among healthy overweight adults.DesignOne hundred and twenty-five healthy, overweight (BMI = 26–36 kg/m2), 25–44-year-old, screened volunteers were randomized to an experimental group (n 62) to use a mobile phone-operated weight-loss programme or to a control group (n 63) with no intervention. Via text messaging, the programme instructed a staggered reduction of food intake and daily weight reporting with immediate tailored feedback. Assessments were at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months for the experimental group; at 0 and 12 months for the control group. Main outcome variables were changes in body weight and waist circumference.ResultsBy 12 months the experimental group had lost significantly more weight than the control group (4·5 (sd 5·0) v. 1·1 (sd 5·8) kg; F(1,80) = 8·0, P = 0·006) and had a greater reduction in waist circumference (6·3 (sd 5·3) v. 2·4 (sd 5·4) cm; F(1,80) = 55·2, P = 0·0001). Early weight loss, self-efficacy, contact frequency, attitudes towards the medium, changes in work and family life and changes made in dietary habits were the strongest predictors of weight loss.ConclusionsThis mobile phone weight-loss programme was effective in short- and long-term weight loss. As a minimum-advice, maximal-contact programme, it offers ideas for future weight-loss programmes.
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Santosa, Sylvia, Isabelle Demonty, Peter J. H. Jones, and Alice H. Lichtenstein. "Moderate Weight Loss: A Self-directed Protocol for Women." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 69, no. 1 (March 2008): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/69.1.2008.23.
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This innovative, self-directed diet and physical activity program was designed to achieve moderate weight loss in women. Thirty-five overweight or obese hyperlipidemic women completed a 20-week weight loss study. The weight loss intervention consisted of a 20% decrease in energy intake through diet and a 10% increase in energy expenditure through physical activity. The diet consisted of 50-60% carbohydrates, 20% protein, and 20-30% fat. A personal trainer prescribed physical activity regimens. A progress-tracking system and monthly group sessions were used to maintain participant motivation throughout the weight loss period. Participants lost an average of 11.7 ± 2.5 kg (p<0.001). The pattern of weight loss was linear (p<0.001) throughout the study period. Average weight loss per week was 0.59 ± 0.55 kg. This 20-week program, combining a structured self-selected diet and independent preplanned physical activity with motivational strategies, resulted in weight loss comparable to that observed in more controlled interventions. The lower cost, ease of use, and outcome success make this approach potentially useful in a clinical setting.
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Ayodele, Deborah, and Jennifer Oates. "Effectiveness of interventions to support weight loss in adults taking antipsychotics: a review." British Journal of Mental Health Nursing 8, no. 2 (May 2, 2019): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjmh.2019.8.2.88.
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Antipsychotic medication is effective in reducing psychotic symptoms but use is associated with weight gain. Weight gain is associated with an increased risk of a number of life threatening health conditions. Multicomponent lifestyle interventions are the recommended non-pharmacological way of tackling weight gain and its consequences. This literature review summarises the evidence for the effectiveness of multicomponent lifestyle interventions in reducing weight and waist circumference in adults taking antipsychotics. The review of eight studies found that such approaches are effective; however, multiple factors affect success, for example tailoring of information to the cognitive abilities of participants and the use of individual combined with group approaches. There were some unexpected results within studies, where some control groups lost weight or decreased waist circumference as well as intervention groups. Reasons for significant weight change in control groups was attributed to possible access to weight loss activities outside of the intervention programmes. Adherence to intervention programmes was also important for success. Nurses who support patients taking antipsychotics to lose weight should promote multicomponent approaches that are tailored to the specific needs of this group.
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Hsieh, Ching Hsiu, Tsann-Juu Su, Yu-Wen Fang, and Pei-Hsuan Chou. "Efficacy of Two Different Materials used in Auricular Acupressure on Weight Reduction and Abdominal Obesity." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 40, no. 04 (January 2012): 713–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x1250053x.
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The current study was designed to test the efficacy of different materials used in an auricular acupressure program on weight reduction, changes to waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. This study used a randomized design with two groups who were treated with auricular acupressure using Semen Vaccariae or the Japanese Magnetic Pearl. Both groups consisted of Asian young adults with a waist circumference ≥ 80 cm in the females and ≥ 90 cm in the males. At completion of the eight-week treatment period, the total sample size was 56 young adults who ranged in age from 18 to 20 years old. Each participant was met with weekly for ten-minute sessions during which ear acupressure treatment was performed. Sessions continued for eight weeks wherein both groups received acupressure with the Japanese Magnetic Pearl or Semen Vaccariae on the ear acupoints. While both groups showed significant reductions (p ≤ 0.05) to body weight and waist circumference after eight weeks of treatments, the group treated with Semen Vaccariae group showed a more effective weight loss over the short term. Given that auricular acupressure is a safe and cost-effective treatment for weight loss, our results suggest that auricular acupressure is a reasonable option for the treatment of overweight and obesity in young adults.
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Stanislawski, Maggie, Purevsuren Jambal, Diana Ir, Danielle Ostendorf, Kristen Bing, Liza Wayland, Daniel Bessesen, et al. "Changes in the Gut Microbiota During a Weight Loss Intervention of Daily Caloric Restriction Versus Intermittent Fasting: The DRIFT2 Randomized Clinical Trial." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa062_045.
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Abstract Objectives Intermittent fasting (IMF) is an alternative to the standard weight loss approach of daily caloric restriction (DCR). Although altered gut microbiota has been linked to obesity and may influence weight loss, it is unknown how the gut microbiota is impacted by these weight loss strategies or its association with responsiveness. In this study, we examine the gut microbial diversity and composition during an intervention of DCR versus IMF. Methods Fecal microbiota communities were profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 59 individuals with overweight and obesity (mean BMI: 33.1 (SD: 4.4) kg/m2, age: 40.7 (SD: 9.8) years; 76.3% female) undergoing a comprehensive, group-based behavioral weight loss intervention of DCR (n = 25) versus IMF (n = 34) at baseline and 3-months into the intervention. Mixed effects linear regressions, permutational ANOVA, and ANCOM were used to examine differences in gut microbiota over time and by intervention group, and regression-based methods were used to examine the association between baseline gut microbiota and percentage change in weight and waist circumference. Results Overall, participants lost 5.9 (SD: 3.7) kilograms at 3 months. Weight loss within groups is not reported, as the trial is ongoing. Alpha diversity increased in both intervention groups (P < 0.034), with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.847). Microbiota composition (beta diversity) changed significantly (R2 = 7.1%; P = 0.001) over the course of the intervention, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.325). Numerous taxa showed changes over time with differences between groups (FDR < 0.05). Baseline gut microbiota composition significantly predicted change in waist circumference (P = 0.009) but not in weight (P = 0.172). Conclusions Our results support that a behavioral weight loss intervention of reduced energy intake impacts gut microbiota with some differences between DCR and IMF, which may provide insight into the physiological effects of these weight loss approaches. The baseline gut microbiota was significantly associated with decrease in waist circumference. These results may inform ways to target the gut microbiota before initiating weight loss in order to improve responsiveness. Funding Sources NIH NIDDK R01; AHA Innovative Project Award.
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Buchan, Kelly, and Heather M. Morgan. "Using the Onitor® Track for weight loss: A mixed methods study among overweight and obese women." Health Informatics Journal 26, no. 3 (December 17, 2019): 1841–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458219890790.
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Non-communicable disease rates associated with being overweight or obese are rising. Technologies warrant consideration as weight loss interventions. Cloudtag’s® Onitor® Track, a dual-position wearable plus smartphone application, monitors energy expenditure and provides tailored exercise programmes. This research aimed to undertake an experimental study of 20 overweight and obese women using the technology; explore its feasibility and acceptability through interviews; and investigate its behaviour change techniques. The primary outcome was decreased body weight (kg) at 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes were body mass index (kg/m2) and waist circumference (cm) changes. 15 overweight and obese women took part. Results indicated weight loss (median 2.7 kg, p < 0.05) and waist circumference decrease (median 4 cm, p < 0.05), but attrition was high (60%). Users reported dietary changes but few activity adjustments. They valued feedback. 27 behaviour change techniques were identified. The Onitor® Track shows potential for weight loss in overweight and obese women, but further work is needed.
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van de Griendt, E. J., O. H. van der Baan-Slootweg, E. E. M. van Essen-Zandvliet, J. van der Palen, C. L. J. Tamminga-Smeulders, M. A. Benninga, and W. M. C. van Aalderen. "Gain in lung function after weight reduction in severely obese children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 97, no. 12 (October 16, 2012): 1039–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2011-301304.
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AimThe primary objective of this prospective cohort study was to determine the effect of weight loss on pulmonary function values in extremely obese children.MethodsObese children participated in a 26-week in-hospital or outpatient multidisciplinary treatment programme. Waist circumference was measured and pulmonary function tests were performed at enrolment and after 6 months.ResultsThe data of 112 children were analysed. The children had a mean age of 14.4 (range 8.5–18.9) years and 62.5% were girls. The mean SD score-body mass index (SDS-BMI) was +3.38 at baseline and +2.91 after the intervention. Lung function improved significantly: functional vital capacity increased by 3.08% (95% CI 1.16% to 5.00%) of the predicted value, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) by 2.91% (95% CI 1.11% to 4.71%) of the predicted value, total lung capacity by 2.27% (95% CI 1.16% to 5.00%) of the predicted value, and expiratory reserve volume (ERV) by 14.8% (95% CI 8.66% to 20.88%) of the predicted value. The increase in ERV correlated with the reduction in SDS-BMI and with the reduction in waist circumference. FEV1 did not correlate with the reduction in either SDS-BMI or waist circumference.ConclusionsWeight loss in severely obese children correlated with an improvement in lung function, especially ERV. The improvement in ERV correlated with the decrease in SDS-BMI and waist circumference.
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Han, TS, P. Richmond, A. Avenell, and MEJ Lean. "Waist circumference reduction and cardiovascular benefits during weight loss in women." International Journal of Obesity 21, no. 2 (February 1997): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800377.
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Raghavan, Govindarajan, Arohi Bapna, Arti Mehta, Akash Shah, and Tejas Vyas. "Effect of Sugar Replacement with Stevia-Based Tabletop Sweetener on Weight and Cardiometabolic Health among Indian Adults." Nutrients 15, no. 7 (April 3, 2023): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071744.
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Added sugars contribute to caloric intake in the diet, which may lead to conditions like obesity. Replacing added sugar with a natural sugar substitute like zero-calorie stevia may help in reducing sugar and caloric intake. Methods: An open-label, single-arm pilot study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a stevia-based tabletop sweetener among overweight subjects with normal blood sugar levels (n = 24) and overweight prediabetic subjects (n = 21). Subjects were instructed to replace added sugar in their daily diet with the test product over a study period of 90 days. Primary outcomes included change in body weight and waist circumference, while the secondary outcomes included change in blood glucose (PPBG), body mass index (BMI), and lipid parameters evaluated at baseline, 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was evaluated at baseline and 90 days. Results: When compared with the baseline, a significant reduction in weight (p < 0.001) and waist circumference (p < 0.001) was observed at Day 90 in overweight subjects. Similarly, in overweight prediabetic subjects, a significant reduction in weight (p < 0.001) and waist circumference (p < 0.05) with non-significant change in HbA1c was observed at Day 90 from baseline. In a subgroup analysis, among the subjects who lost weight, 2.12 kg (n = 35) weight loss and 4.78 cm (n = 32) reduction in waist circumference were observed at 90 days. No adverse outcomes were reported throughout the study period. The consumption of steviol glycosides was within the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Conclusions: Replacing added sugar in the daily diet with stevia-based tabletop sweetener, along with a physical activity regimen, promotes weight loss and reduction in waist circumference in overweight subjects with normal blood sugar levels and prediabetic subjects (CTRI/2019/12/022470).
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Mohamad, H., M. Ntessalen, L. C. A. Craig, J. Clark, S. Fielding, J. N’Dow, S. D. Heys, and G. McNeill. "A self-help diet and physical activity intervention with dietetic support for weight management in men treated for prostate cancer: pilot study of the Prostate Cancer Weight Management (PRO-MAN) randomised controlled trial." British Journal of Nutrition 122, no. 5 (June 10, 2019): 592–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114519001090.
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AbstractOverweight and obesity may increase risk of disease progression in men with prostate cancer, but there have been few studies of weight loss interventions in this patient group. In this study overweight or obese men treated for prostate cancer were randomised to a self-help diet and activity intervention with telephone-based dietitian support or a wait-list mini-intervention group. The intervention group had an initial group meeting, a supporting letter from their urological consultant, three telephone dietitian consultations at 4-week intervals, a pedometer and access to web-based diet and physical activity resources. At 12 weeks, men in both groups were given digital scales for providing follow-up weight measurements, and the wait-list group received a mini-intervention of the supporting letter, a pedometer and access to the web-based resources. Sixty-two men were randomised; fifty-four completed baseline and 12-week measurements, and fifty-one and twenty-seven provided measurements at 6 and 12 months, respectively. In a repeated-measures model, mean difference in weight change between groups (wait-list mini-intervention minus intervention) at 12 weeks was −2·13 (95 % CI −3·44, −0·82) kg (P = 0·002). At 12 months the corresponding value was −2·43 (95 % CI −4·50, −0·37) kg (P = 0·022). Mean difference in global quality of life score change between groups at 12 weeks was 12·3 (95 % CI 4·93, 19·7) (P = 0·002); at 12 months there were no significant differences between groups. Results suggest the potential of self-help diet and physical activity intervention with trained support for modest but sustained weight loss in this patient group.
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Fan, Yuxin, Ruodan Wang, Li Ding, Zhaowei Meng, Qing Zhang, Yun Shen, Gang Hu, and Ming Liu. "Waist Circumference and its Changes Are More Strongly Associated with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes than Body Mass Index and Changes in Body Weight in Chinese Adults." Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 5 (January 31, 2020): 1259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa014.
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ABSTRACT Background The associations of different adiposity indicators and short-term adiposity change with diabetes risk are not fully elucidated. Objective We aimed to assess the independent and joint effects of different baseline adiposity indicators and short-term body adiposity change on the risk of type 2 diabetes. Methods We prospectively followed 10,419 Chinese adults aged 20–80 y in 2008–2012. Incident diabetes was diagnosed based on fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) after an oral glucose tolerance test using the American Diabetes Association standard. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the associations of adiposity indicators and adiposity change with diabetes risk. Results During a mean follow-up of 2.8 y, we identified 805 type 2 diabetes cases. Baseline BMI, waist circumference, and waist-height ratio (WHtR) were all positively associated with diabetes risk. The area under the curve was significantly greater for waist circumference (0.624) and WHtR (0.627) than for BMI (0.608) (P <0.05). Compared with subjects with stable adiposity levels (±2 kg or ± 3 cm in changes in body weight or waist circumference) from baseline to Year 1, those subjects with the most weight gain or the most waist circumference gain had a 1.53-fold or 1.37-fold greater risk of diabetes; those with the most weight loss had a 46% lower risk of diabetes. Furthermore, regardless of baseline weight status, weight or waist circumference change in the first year was associated with diabetes risk. Conclusion Abdominal adiposity indicators, waist circumference and its change, are more strongly associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes than general adiposity indicators, BMI, and changes in body weight among Chinese adults.
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Perna, Simone, Sana N. M. Basharat, Khawla F. Ali, Abdulla Eid, Clara Gasparri, Vittoria Infantino, Milena A. Faliva, et al. "Effect of Polyglucosamine on Weight Loss and Metabolic Parameters in Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (August 7, 2020): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082365.
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The use of dietary supplements for weight loss has gained significant momentum. Polyglucosamine, a chitosan derivative, is a dietary supplement increasingly used for weight loss. In this meta-analysis, we systematically summarized and quantified the key findings of four randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials examining the effects of polyglucosamine supplementation and caloric restriction, and physical activity on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference in subjects with overweight and obesity. The control group was set with a physical activity from 6–7 MET-h/week activity and up to 21 MET-h/week activity with caloric restriction. Compliance in the latter trials was reported via a follow-up questionnaire with the individual participants. The analysis included 399 subjects followed for a period ranging from 12 weeks to one year. Subjects’ age ranged from 21–75 years, BMI from 26–45 kg/m2, and all were white European or Caucasian in ethnicity. The meta-analyzed mean differences for random effects showed that polyglucosamine supplementation improves weight loss by −1.78 kg [−2.78, −0.79], BMI by −1.52 kg/m2 [−3.58, 0.54], and improves waist circumference reduction by −1.45 cm [−2.77, −0.12]. In conclusion, the use of polyglucosamine supplementation in conjunction with lifestyle behavioral therapies can be effective for weight reduction. Further studies are needed to examine the long-term effects of polyglucosamine supplementation on weight loss and other metabolic parameters
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Hsieh, Ching Hsiu, Tsann-Jnn Su, Yu-Wen Fang, and Pei-Hsuan Chou. "Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Weight Reduction and Abdominal Obesity in Asian Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 39, no. 03 (January 2011): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x11008932.
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The current study was designed to test the efficacy of auricular acupressure on weight reduction and changes of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. This study used a randomized design with one control group and one experimental group consisting of Asian young adults with a waist circumference ≥80 cm in the females and ≥90cm in the males. At completion of eight weeks of auricular therapy, the total sample size was 55 young adults who ranged in age from 18 to 20 years old.Each participant was treated weekly for ear acupressure in ten-minute sessions. Sessions continued for eight weeks wherein the control group received acupressure only while the experimental group received acupressure with the Japanese Magnetic Pearl on the ear acupoints.While both the control and treatment groups showed significant reduction (p ≤ 0.05) to body weight and waist circumference after eight weeks of treatment, only the group treated with Japanese Magnetic Pearls showed decreased waist to hip ratio. Thus, auricular acupressure may be a beneficial addition to weight loss programs for young adults.Auricular acupressure is thus a reasonable option in the treatment of overweight and obesity in young adults.
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Peacock, A. S., F. E. Bogossian, S. A. Wilkinson, K. S. Gibbons, C. Kim, and H. D. McIntyre. "A Randomised Controlled Trial to Delay or Prevent Type 2 Diabetes after Gestational Diabetes: Walking for Exercise and Nutrition to Prevent Diabetes for You." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/423717.
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Aims. To develop a program to support behaviour changes for women with a history of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and a Body Mass Index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2to delay or prevent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Methods. Women diagnosed with GDM in the previous 6 to 24 months and BMI > 25 kg/m2were randomized to an intervention (I) (n=16) or a control (C) (n=15) group. The intervention was a pedometer program combined with nutrition coaching, with the primary outcome increased weight loss in the intervention group. Secondary outcomes included decreased waist and hip measurements, improved insulin sensitivity and body composition, increased physical activity, and improved self-efficacy in eating behaviours.Results. Median (IQR) results were as follows: weight: I −2.5 (2.3) kg versus C +0.2 (1.6) kg (P=0.009), waist: I −3.6 (4.5) cm versus C −0.1 (3.6) cm (P=0.07), and hip: I −5.0 (3.3) cm versus C −0.2 (2.6) cm (P=0.002). There was clinical improvement in physical activity and eating behaviours and no significant changes in glucose metabolism or body composition.Conclusion. A pedometer program and nutrition coaching proved effective in supporting weight loss, waist circumference, physical activity, and eating behaviours in women with previous GDM.
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Jensterle Sever, Mojca, Tomaz Kocjan, Marija Pfeifer, Nika Aleksandra Kravos, and Andrej Janez. "Short-term combined treatment with liraglutide and metformin leads to significant weight loss in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and previous poor response to metformin." European Journal of Endocrinology 170, no. 3 (March 2014): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-13-0797.
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ObjectiveThe effect of metformin on weight reduction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often unsatisfactory. In this study, we investigated the potential add-on effect of treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide on weight loss in obese nondiabetic women with PCOS who had lost <5% body weight during pretreatment with metformin.MethodsA total of 40 obese women with PCOS, who had been pretreated with metformin for at least 6 months, participated in a 12-week open-label, prospective study. They were randomized to one of three treatment arms: metformin (MET) arm 1000 mg BID, liraglutide (LIRA) arm 1.2 mg QD s.c., or combined MET 1000 mg BID and LIRA (COMBI) 1.2 mg QD s.c. Lifestyle intervention was not actively promoted. The primary outcome was change in body weight.ResultsThirty six patients (aged 31.3±7.1 years, BMI 37.1±4.6 kg/m2) completed the study: 14 on MET, 11 on LIRA, and 11 on combined treatment. COMBI therapy was superior to LIRA and MET monotherapy in reducing weight, BMI, and waist circumference. Subjects treated with COMBI lost on average 6.5±2.8 kg compared with a 3.8±3.7 kg loss in the LIRA group and a 1.2±1.4 kg loss in the MET group (P<0.001). The extent of weight loss was stratified: a total of 38% of subjects were high responders who lost ≥5% body weight, 22% of them in the COMBI arm compared with 16 and 0% in the LIRA and MET arm respectively. BMI decreased by 2.4±1.0 in the COMBI arm compared with 1.3±1.3 in LIRA and 0.5±0.5 in the MET arm (P<0.001). Waist circumference also decreased by 5.5±3.8 cm in the COMBI arm compared with 3.2±2.9 cm in LIRA and 1.6±2.9 cm in the MET arm (P=0.029). Subjects treated with liraglutide experienced more nausea than those treated with metformin, but severity of nausea decreased over time and did not correlate with weight loss.ConclusionsShort-term combined treatment with liraglutide and metformin was associated with significant weight loss and decrease in waist circumference in obese women with PCOS who had previously been poor responders regarding weight reduction on metformin monotherapy.
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Rock, Cheryl L., Elizabeth Zunshine, Huong Thien Nguyen, Annemarie O. Perez, Christine Zoumas, Bilge Pakiz, and Martha M. White. "Effects of Pistachio Consumption in a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention on Weight Change, Cardiometabolic Factors, and Dietary Intake." Nutrients 12, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 2155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072155.
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Epidemiological studies have linked regular nut consumption with lower body mass index and reduced likelihood of weight gain in adulthood. Nuts can displace other foods in the diet, and thus, promote a healthier dietary pattern. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pistachio nut consumption in overweight/obese adults. This randomized controlled study enrolled non-diabetic overweight/obese adults (n = 100) assigned to a 4-month behavioral weight loss intervention only group (controls) or also prescribed 1.5 oz/day (42 g/day) of pistachios (pistachio group). Outcomes were change in body weight, cardiometabolic factors, and dietary intake. Percent weight change was similar in the two groups (−5.1 [0.5] (mean [SE])% in the control group and −4.9 [0.6]% in the pistachio group, and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were reduced in both groups (time effect p ≤ 0.05). The pistachio group (but not the control group) exhibited a significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (time effect p = 0.01). Plasma alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lutein concentrations increased significantly in the pistachio group (time effect p < 0.05). Pistachio consumption was associated with increased dietary fiber intake and decreased consumption of sweets. Regular consumption of pistachios was associated with a comparable degree of weight loss, and similar reductions in BMI and waist circumference, in overweight/obese men and women compared to controls, and favorable changes in the diet, in the context of a behavioral weight loss intervention.
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Harris, Leanne, Catherine Hankey, Nathalie Jones, Carol Pert, Heather Murray, Janet Tobin, Susan Boyle, and Craig Melville. "A cluster randomised control trial of a multi-component weight management programme for adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity." British Journal of Nutrition 118, no. 3 (August 14, 2017): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114517001933.
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AbstractThere have been few published controlled studies of multi-component weight management programmes that include an energy deficit diet (EDD), for adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity. The objective of this study was to conduct a single-blind, cluster randomised controlled trial comparing a multi-component weight management programme to a health education programme. Participants were randomised to either TAKE 5, which included an EDD or Waist Winners Too (WWToo), based on health education principles. Outcomes measured at baseline, 6 months (after a weight loss phase) and 12 months (after a 6-month weight maintenance phase), by a researcher blinded to treatment allocation, included: weight; BMI; waist circumference; physical activity; sedentary behaviour and health-related quality of life. The recruitment strategy was effective with fifty participants successfully recruited. Both programmes were acceptable to adults with intellectual disabilities, evidenced by high retention rates (90 %). Exploratory efficacy analysis revealed that at 12 months there was a trend for more participants in TAKE 5 (50·0 %) to achieve a clinically important weight loss of 5–10 %, in comparison to WWToo (20·8 %) (OR 3·76; 95 % CI 0·92, 15·30; 0·064). This study found that a multi-component weight management programme that included an EDD, is feasible and an acceptable approach to weight loss when tailored to meet the needs of adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity.
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Cederberg, Henna, Ulla Rajala, Vesa-Matti Koivisto, Jari Jokelainen, Heljä-Marja Surcel, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, and Markku Laakso. "Unacylated ghrelin is associated with changes in body composition and body fat distribution during long-term exercise intervention." European Journal of Endocrinology 165, no. 2 (August 2011): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-11-0334.
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ObjectiveGhrelin, a gut–brain peptide involved in energy homeostasis, circulates predominantly (>90%) in unacylated form. Previous studies, however, have focused on total and acylated ghrelin, and the role of unacylated ghrelin (UAG) is not well understood. Particularly, the association of UAG with weight loss and changes in body composition in adults remains unclear. We hypothesized that exercise-associated increase in UAG level is associated with weight loss, favorable changes in body composition, and body fat distribution.Design and methodsA prospective study of 552 young men (mean age 19.3 and range 19–28 years) undergoing military service with structured 6-month exercise training program. Exercise performance, body composition, and biochemical measurements were obtained at baseline and follow-up. Association between changes in UAG levels and body composition and body fat distribution were evaluated.ResultsAn increase in UAG level during the exercise intervention was associated with reduced weight, fat mass (FM), fat percentage (fat %), and waist circumference, but not with fat-free mass. Inverse associations of changes in UAG level with changes in waist circumference and fat % were independent of weight at baseline, and changes in weight and exercise performance. Associations of changes in UAG level with waist circumference were significantly stronger than with fat % after the adjustment for confounding variables.ConclusionUAG is associated with changes in body weight and body composition during an intensive long-term exercise intervention in young men. The association of UAG levels with changes in central obesity was stronger than with total FM.
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Abboud, Myriam, Xiaoying Liu, Flavia Fayet-Moore, Kaye E. Brock, Dimitrios Papandreou, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, and Rebecca S. Mason. "Effects of Vitamin D Status and Supplements on Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices in a Clinical Setting: A Retrospective Study." Nutrients 11, no. 12 (December 12, 2019): 3032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11123032.
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Context: Obesity and low vitamin D status are linked. It is not clear that weight loss through lifestyle intervention is influenced by vitamin D status. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of baseline vitamin D status and vitamin D supplementation on weight loss and associated parameters for participants on a weight loss program in a primary care setting. Design: A retrospective analysis of clinical records of patients who underwent an individually tailored weight loss program at a single dietetic clinic in Sydney, Australia. Setting: Primary care centers. Patients: 205 overweight and obese men and women aged from 18 to 50 years. Interventions: Patients were referred to a dietetic clinic for a weight loss program. Patients with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations at baseline were advised to increase sun exposure and take multivitamins supplemented with 2000 IU or 4000 IU per day of vitamin D3, according to the preference of their primary care physician. Main outcome measures: Clinical parameters of weight, height, waist circumference, and serum 25(OH)D, as well as blood pressure and fasting lipid profile were collected from both baseline and three-month follow-up consultations. Results: Subjects with sufficient baseline 25(OH)D levels (≥50 nmol/L) experienced significantly greater weight loss (−7.7 ± 5.9 kg vs. −4.2 ± 3.3 kg) and reductions in BMI (−2.6 ± 1.8 kg/m2 vs. −1.5 ± 1.1 kg/m2) and waist circumference (−5.2 ± 3.5 cm vs. −3.1 ± 3.1 cm) as compared with those who were vitamin D insufficient at baseline (p < 0.001 for all). Vitamin D insufficient patients who were supplemented with daily 2000 IU or 4000 IU vitamin D experienced significantly greater decreases in weight (−5.3 ± 3.6 kg vs. −2.3 ± 1.6 kg), BMI (−1.9 ± 1.2 kg/m2 vs. −0.8 ± 0.6 kg/m2) and waist circumference (−4.2 ± 3.4 cm vs. −1.2 ± 1.3 cm) as compared with those not supplemented (p < 0.001 for all). We also observed a greater decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (−0.4 ± 0.5 mmol/L vs. −0.2 ± 0.5 mmol/L) in subjects insufficient at baseline and supplemented as compared with those insufficient at baseline and not supplemented (p < 0.01). Conclusion: In a weight loss setting in a dietetic clinic, adequate vitamin D status at baseline, or achieved at three months through supplementation, was associated with significantly greater improvement of anthropometric measures. The study has implications for the management of vitamin D status in obese or overweight patients undergoing weight loss programs.
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Perna. "Is Vitamin D Supplementation Useful for Weight Loss Programs? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." Medicina 55, no. 7 (July 12, 2019): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070368.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: The controversy about the impact of vitamin D supplementation on weight loss treatment was observed in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This meta-analysis investigates the effects of vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol or ergocalciferol) on weight loss through holistic measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI), weight and waist circumference. Materials and Methods: Google Scholar, WOS, PubMed and Scopus were explored to collect relevant studies. The selected articles focused on vitamin D supplementation in overweight and obese individuals with different conditions. Eleven RCTs were included into this meta-analysis with a total of 947 subjects, with a mean of the follow-up from 1 to 12 months and different vitamin D interventions (from 25,000 to 600,000 IU/monthly of cholecalciferol). Results: The meta-analyzed mean differences for random effects showed that cholecalciferol supplementation deceases the BMI by –0.32 kg/m2 (CI95% –0.52, –0.12 kg/m2, p = 0.002) and the waist circumference by –1.42 cm (CI95% –2.41, –0.42 cm, p = 0.005), but does not statistically affect weight loss –0.43 kg (CI95% –1.05, +0.19 kg, p = 0.17). Conclusions: This meta-analysis lays the foundation for defining the potential clinical efficacy of vitamin D supplementation as a potential therapeutic option for weight loss programs, but further studies are needed to confirm the validity of these findings and delineate potential underlying mechanisms.