Relevant bibliographies by topics / Weight and shape

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Weight and shape'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Weight and shape"

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Yen, Peggy K. "Weight and body shape." Geriatric Nursing 15, no. 1 (January 1994): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-4572(09)90070-2.

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Li, Miqing, and Xin Yao. "What Weights Work for You? Adapting Weights for Any Pareto Front Shape in Decomposition-Based Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimisation." Evolutionary Computation 28, no. 2 (June 2020): 227–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00269.

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The quality of solution sets generated by decomposition-based evolutionary multi-objective optimisation (EMO) algorithms depends heavily on the consistency between a given problem's Pareto front shape and the specified weights' distribution. A set of weights distributed uniformly in a simplex often leads to a set of well-distributed solutions on a Pareto front with a simplex-like shape, but may fail on other Pareto front shapes. It is an open problem on how to specify a set of appropriate weights without the information of the problem's Pareto front beforehand. In this article, we propose an approach to adapt weights during the evolutionary process (called AdaW). AdaW progressively seeks a suitable distribution of weights for the given problem by elaborating several key parts in weight adaptation—weight generation, weight addition, weight deletion, and weight update frequency. Experimental results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach. AdaW works well for Pareto fronts with very different shapes: 1) the simplex-like, 2) the inverted simplex-like, 3) the highly nonlinear, 4) the disconnect, 5) the degenerate, 6) the scaled, and 7) the high-dimensional.
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Wade, T. D., G. Zhu, and N. G. Martin. "Undue influence of weight and shape: is it distinct from body dissatisfaction and concern about weight and shape?" Psychological Medicine 41, no. 4 (May 27, 2010): 819–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291710001066.

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BackgroundThree cognitive constructs are risk factors for eating disorders: undue influence of weight and shape, concern about weight and shape, and body dissatisfaction (BD). Undue influence, a diagnostic criterion for eating disorders, is postulated to be closely associated with self-esteem whereas BD is postulated to be closely associated with body mass index (BMI). We understand less about the relationships with concern about weight and shape. The aim of the current investigation was examine the degree of overlap across these five phenotypes in terms of latent genetic and environmental risk factors in order to draw some conclusions about the similarities and differences across the three cognitive variables.MethodA sample of female Australian twins (n=1056, including 348 complete pairs), mean age 35 years (s.d.=2.11, range 28–40), completed a semi-structured interview about eating pathology and self-report questionnaires. An independent pathways model was used to investigate the overlap of genetic and environmental risk factors for the five phenotypes.ResultsIn terms of variance that was not shared with other phenotypes, self-esteem emerged as being separate, with 100% of its variance unshared with the other phenotypes, followed by undue influence (51%) and then concern (34%), BD (28%) and BMI (32%).ConclusionsIn terms of shared genetic risk, undue influence and concern were more closely related than BD, whereas BMI and BD were found to share common sources of risk. With respect to environmental risk factors, concern, BMI and BD were more closely related to each other than to undue influence.
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Johnson, D. R., P. O'Higgins, and T. J. McAndrew. "The effect of replicated selection for body weight in mice on vertebral shape." Genetical Research 51, no. 2 (April 1988): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300024149.

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SummaryThe shapes of T1 and T2 vertebrae from unselected Q strain mice and from strains selected for large and small body size were studied by Fourier analysis in order to ascertain whether shape change was produced by size selection. The vertebrae of large, small and control strains were easily distinguishable, but between replicate groups shape differences were less marked. The main component of shape change was size related, but mice unselected for size also showed a non-size-related shape change.
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Juhász, Imre. "Weight-based shape modification of NURBS curves." Computer Aided Geometric Design 16, no. 5 (June 1999): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8396(99)00006-0.

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Stafford, W. F., J. M. Chalovich, and P. Graceffa. "Turkey Gizzard Caldesmon Molecular Weight and Shape." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 313, no. 1 (August 1994): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1994.1356.

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MÅRTENSSON, LINDA, MARIE-LOUISE NOSCH, and EVA ANDERSSON STRAND. "SHAPE OF THINGS: UNDERSTANDING A LOOM WEIGHT." Oxford Journal of Archaeology 28, no. 4 (November 2009): 373–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.2009.00334.x.

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Morris, A. J., and S. Ponzi. "Weight/shape structural optimization exploiting rigid movement." Structural Optimization 6, no. 4 (December 1993): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01743380.

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UJIHIRA, Masuyuki, Shougo HOSOYA, Nobuhiro TAKAGAI, Kenta OGAWA, and Shuji ONO. "Grouping of Rock Shapes and Relationship between Rock Shape and Estimated Weight." Shigen-to-Sozai 112, no. 3 (1996): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.112.140.

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OOKOUCHI, Teiichi, Yasushi FUKUTOMI, Minoru TORII, Hiroshi SAKAI, and Makoto FUKUSHIMA. "Optimal shape design of cylindrical structures (Minimal weight shape under multipoints constraints)." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 51, no. 463 (1985): 852–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.51.852.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Weight and shape"

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Harris, Caroline J. "Assessing children's body shape and weight concern." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/232/.

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Shape and weight over-concern and self-evaluation almost exclusively in these terms is a core feature of eating disorder psychopathology and it is this which is thought to drive weight control behaviours. The literature indicates concerns about weight and shape can be present in children at least as young as eight rears of age. Currently, there is no tool available which measures a child's over-concern with their body shape and weight per se. This study developed an assessment of children's body shape and weight over-concern, using scales measuring shape and weight concern and perceived importance of shape and weight. The properties of the new shape and weight over-concern assessment were examined in relation to children's self-perception and implicit attitudes towards overweight. Participants were 333 Year 5 children (181 boys and 152 girls) from North Yorkshire primary schools, with a mean age of 9 years 7 months. They completed measures of body shape perception, dietary restraint, height and weight accuracy, self-esteem and body shape and weight over-concern. In addition they completed a timed implicit association task which assessed implicit attitudes towards overweight. The new assessment was concluded to have good psychometric properties and to be a reasonable assessment of shape and weight over-concern in children. Children with high shape and weight concern tended to be heavier, less satisfied with their weight and body shape, have lower self-esteem and report increased levels of dietary restraint. High levels of perceived importance of shape and weight also impacted on this latter variable. A general anti-fat bias was indicated from this group of children. Dietary restraint score was a significant predictor of shape and weight over-concern, as was global self-worth (for the boys) and physical appearance (for the girls). No gender differences were found in the assessment of shape and weight over-concern. This study is the first to measure shape and weight over-concern in children and highlights a need of continued research of over-concern in children and adults. This will continue to inform intervention and prevention programmes of eating disorders. Further research into the implicit anti-fat attitudes in children as young as 9 years is also indicated, especially in respect of shape and weight over-concern.
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Riley, Helen. "Perfectionism and thoughts about eating, weight and shape." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421196.

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Franklin, Julie A. "Inter-generational transmission of values regarding weight, shape and appearance." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/253/.

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Many studies have shown that dieting behaviour is popular amongst adolescent girls and there is a growing body of researchw hich suggests that similar patterns of dieting behaviour can be found in girls as young as 9 or 10. Although adolescent dieting is common relatively little is known about the reasons for its emergence. Previous research by Pike and Rodin (1991) found higher levels of weight concern and dissatisfactions with family functioning in mothers of eating disordered adolescent girls. The present study sought to extend this research by examining the maternal influences on weight and dieting concerns at a younger age. The present study investigated dieting motivation and underlying attitudes to weight and shape between mothers and their young adolescent daughters. Twenty girls with high dietary restraint scores were interviewed in addition to twenty girls whose restraint score fell on or below the mean. The mothers of all forty subjects were also interviewed and assessments were completed including dietary restraint,body esteem, self-esteem and body figure preferences and the family enviromnent scale. The high restraint girls reported being more dissatisfied with their body shape and tended to have lower body esteem compared to the comparison group of girls. These differences were not merely a reflection of higher body weight. Although no relationship was found between the mothers' and daughters' restraint scores the mother daughter relationship did appear to be significant in other ways. The high restraint mothers and daughters both had low body esteem scores and desired to lose more weight than the comparison group of girls and mothers. Family functioning appeared to be different between the two groups. The high restraint mothers and daughters perceived the family to be less cohesive, to have lower levels of organisation and place less emphasis on moral and religious issues. This study has reinforced the growing recognition that pre-adolescent girls may hold high dieting motivation. It has also highlighted the significance of the family system and mother-daughter relationship in the development of disordered eating. The parallel with the findings of Pike and Rodin supports the role that mothers may play in the transmission of cultural values regarding weight, shape and appearance. Importantly it also places dieting within a wider context of dissatisfaction with family functioning. Clinicians should be aware of these issues as they have important implications for early intervention and prevention of eating disorders.
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Ran, Romi. "Eating disorders : the role of factors beyond eating, weight and shape." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589525.

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Eating disorders (EDs) are associated with one of the highest rates of mortality amongst mental health disorders. Nonetheless, our knowledge of what causes them is limited. Typically, research has investigated the impact of eating, weight and shape. However, recent evidence suggests additional factors may be involved. Perfectionism, for example, has been shown to be associated with ED symptoms. Nonetheless, despite evidence that one in four individuals with an ED is male, research has primarily investigated female populations. Consequently, the first paper is a systematic review of the literature pertaining to perfectionism and ED symptoms in men. Consideration is given to the various definitions of perfectionism, the subgroups of males that have been investigated and the type of associations that have been found. Limitations of the existing literature are considered and areas for future research are highlighted. Research has further suggested that specific themes in core beliefs are associated with EDs. However, the exact nature of this relationship is currently unknown. The second paper therefore aims to determine whether there is a causal relationship between these core beliefs and ED symptoms. Specific ED core beliefs were activated in one group of healthy volunteers (experimental group) and positive self-beliefs were activated in another (control group). Results showed that the experimental group reported more negative mood after belief activation whilst the control group reported more positive mood. Participants also completed three ED-related behavioural tasks, to determine if this had any further impact on ED symptoms. Results showed a trend for participants in the experimental group to eat more chocolates than those in the control group after participating in these tasks. Various explanations for the results are considered. As the study was the first of its kind to explore a causal relationship between core beliefs and EDs, directions for future research are suggested.
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Nelson, Sara J. "Body-weight and shape-attentional biases in non-clinically eating disordered women." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/d56ef613-3768-4b27-89ec-8173e411a40a.

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CHAKKALAKKAL, JOSEPH JUNIOR. "Design of a weight optimized casted ADI component using topology and shape optimization." Thesis, KTH, Maskin- och processteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-236518.

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Structural Optimization techniques are widely used in product development process in ‘modern industry’ to generate optimal designs with only sufficient material to serve the purpose of the component. In conventional design problems, the design process usually generates overdesigned components with excess material and weight. This will in turn increase the life time cost of machines, both in terms material wastage and expense of usage. The thesis “Design of a weight optimized casted ADI component using topology and shape optimization” deals with redesigning a component from a welded steel plate structure into a castable design for reduced manufacturing cost and weight reduction. The component “Drill Steel Support” mounted in front of the drilling boom of a Face Drilling Machine is redesigned during this work. The main objective of the thesis is to provide an alternative design with lower weight that can be mounted on the existing machine layout without any changes in the mounting interfaces. This thesis report covers in detail procedure followed for attaining the weight reduction of the “Drill Steel Support” and presents the results and methodology which is based on both topology and shape optimization.
Strukturoptimering används ofta i produktutvecklingsprocessen i modern industri för att ta fram optimala konstruktioner med minsta möjliga materialåtgång för komponenten. Konventionella konstruktionsmetoder genererar vanligtvis överdimensionerade komponenter med överflödigt material och vikt. Detta ökar i sin tur livstidskostnaderna för maskiner både i termer av materialavfall och användning. Avhandlingen "Konstruktion av viktoptimerad gjuten ADI-komponent" behandlar omkonstruktionen av en komponent från en svetsad stålplåtstruktur till en gjutbar konstruktion med minskad tillverkningskostnad och vikt. Komponenten “Borrstöd” monterad i framkant av bommen på en ortdrivningsmaskin är omkonstruerad under detta arbete. Huvudsyftet med avhandlingen är ta fram en alternativ konstruktion med lägre vikt och som kan monteras på befintlig maskinlayout utan någon ändring i monteringsgränssnittet. Denna avhandling innehåller en detaljerad beskrivning av förfarandet för att uppnå viktminskningen av "borrstödet" och presenterar resultaten samt metodiken som baseras på både topologi- och parameter- optimering.
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Burrows, Alison. "Concerns about weight and shape in overweight 12 year old girls and their mothers." Thesis, Open University, 1998. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57737/.

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Concerns about weight, shape and eating and attempts at dietary restraint are prevalent among young girls, but may increase the risk of the development of eating disorders, especially if low self-esteem or symptoms of depression are also present. The literature suggests that there may be links between mothers and daughters attitudes towards weight, shape and dietary restraint. The aim of the study was to investigate whether concerns about weight, shape and eating and attempts at dietary restraint differed between overweight and average-weight girls; and whether overweight girls had lower self-esteem, and/or more symptoms of depression than average-weight girls. Possible links between mothers' and daughters' attitudes towards weight and shape and dietary restraint were also investigated. Results showed that overweight girls had more concerns about weight, shape and eating and attempted dietary restraint more than average weight girls. Overweight girls had more negative perception of their athletic competence, physical appearance and global self-worth, and more symptoms of depression than average-weight girls. Mothers of overweight girls, who themselves had higher BMIs than the mothers of average-weight girls, had more concerns and negative beliefs about weight, shape and eating and attempted more dietary restraint, than the mothers of average-weight girls. Although there was some association between mothers' and daughters' concerns in the average-weight group these associations were not present in the overweight group. The conclusions were that overweight girls may be particularly vulnerable to the development of eating disorders, but that the links between mothers' and daughters' concerns are not straightforward.
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Marks, Penelope June. "Direct and correlated responses to selection to change the shape of the growth curve in mice." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15266.

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Holtom-Viesel, Anita. "Development and exploration of the shape, weight and eating scale with an eating disorder population." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9898.

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Eating disorders are difficult to treat which may partly be due to limited understanding of maintaining factors. Research has explored maintaining factors for eating disorders and this thesis focused on a number of these. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the role of family functioning in eating disorders and an empirical paper considered the role of shame and pride. The systematic literature review identified and evaluated quantitative research investigating family functioning in eating disorder families and its relationship with outcomes from the disorder. Fourteen studies were reviewed and findings indicated that eating disorder families reported poorer family functioning than control families, patients consistently rated their family more dysfunctional than their parents, but the notion of a typical pattern of family dysfunction was not supported. In relation to outcome, those with positive perceptions of family functioning had more positive outcomes, irrespective of eating disorder severity. Conclusions of the review were limited by conflicting, variable findings and methodological issues. An empirical study was conducted with 73 adults with an eating disorder to explore the component structure and psychometric properties of the Shape, Weight and Eating Scale (SWES) and investigate differences in responses for participants who restrict or binge-purge. A three component structure was retained; „Lack of Pride in Attractiveness‟, „Pride in Control‟ and „Shame around Eating‟. The reliability and validity of the SWES were assessed and discussed. „Pride in Control‟ significantly contributed to variance of restricting cognitions and behaviours whilst „Shame around Eating‟ significantly contributed to variance of binge-purging cognitions and behaviours and restricting cognitions. The findings supported the notion of shame-shame and shame-pride cycles (Goss & Gilbert 2002) in eating disorders and highlighted the need for a measure of shame and pride specific to eating, body shape and weight. The study limitations, clinical implications and future research were discussed.
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Morin, Brooke C. "The effect of speed and body weight support on the ankle-foot roll-over shape." Connect to resource, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/44509.

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Books on the topic "Weight and shape"

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Shape your body, shape your life: The Weight training way to total fitness. Wellingborough: Stephens, 1987.

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Lycholat, Tony. Shape your body, shape your life: The weight training way to total fitness. San Bernardino, Calif: Borgo Press, 1988.

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Andersen, Arnold E. Making weight: Men's conflicts with food, weight, shape & appearance. Carlsbad, CA: Gürze Books, 2000.

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Day, Joanne. Better body better shape. London: Hamlyn, 1985.

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Throop, John R. Shape up from the inside out. Wheaton, Ill: Living Books, 1986.

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Day, Joanne. Better body better shape: Weider weight training for women. Twickenham: Hamlyn, 1985.

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Berg, Eric. Dr. Berg's body shape diets: Loose that stubborn weight with a tailor-made diet designed for your body shape. [United States: Eric Berg], 2004.

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Bailey, Covert. The ultimate fit or fat: Get in shape and stay in shape with America's best-loved and most effective fitness teacher. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999.

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The ultimate fit or fat: Get in shape and stay in shape with America's best-loved and most effective fitness teacher. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999.

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Susan, Bowerman, ed. The L.A. shape diet: The 14-day total weight loss plan. New York: Regan Books, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Weight and shape"

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Kahrimanovic, Mirela, Wouter M. Bergmann Tiest, and Astrid M. L. Kappers. "The Shape-Weight Illusion." In Haptics: Generating and Perceiving Tangible Sensations, 17–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14064-8_3.

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Teo, K. L., and C. M. Wang. "Optimal Shape of Least Weight Arches." In Structural Optimization, 347–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1413-1_44.

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Salafia, Carolyn, and Drucilla J. Roberts. "Placental Weight, Shape and Gross Vascular Morphology." In Pathology of the Placenta, 47–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97214-5_5.

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Siavashi, K., C. Topping, and W. D. Griffiths. "The Effect of Reduced Molecular Weight of the Pattern on the Properties of Al Alloy Castings Made by the Lost Foam Casting Process." In Shape Casting, 223–32. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118062050.ch27.

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Murphy, Rebecca. "Overevaluation of Shape and Weight and Its Assessment." In Encyclopedia of Feeding and Eating Disorders, 634–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-104-6_104.

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Murphy, Rebecca. "Overevaluation of Shape and Weight and Its Assessment." In Encyclopedia of Feeding and Eating Disorders, 1–6. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-087-2_104-1.

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Rhee, George. "The Weight, Shape, and Fate of the Universe." In Astronomers' Universe, 153–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7813-3_7.

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Mancuso, Antonio, Antonio Saporito, and Davide Tumino. "Topology Optimization Design of Internal Reinforcements in a Sailing Dinghy." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 73–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_13.

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AbstractIn this paper, a novel approach has been followed based on FEM simulation and Topology Optimization tools to locate and model the reinforcements inside the hull of a sailing dinghy. This process assumes that the inner volume included between the hull and the deck is, at the beginning of the simulation, filled with material; then a portion of this inner volume is eroded until a final free form shape of the reinforcements is obtained. A key point of this procedure is the definition of the optimization constrains because the final shape of the reinforcements must fulfill several requirements such as weight, stiffness and stress. At the end of the optimization procedure, the final shape of internal reinforcements consists of a truss-like web frame with a final weight equal to the 18% of the initial full body.
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Taylor, C. Barr. "Weight and Shape Concern and Body Image as Risk Factors for Eating Disorders." In Encyclopedia of Feeding and Eating Disorders, 889–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-104-6_93.

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Taylor, Barr C. "Weight and Shape Concern and Body Image as Risk Factors for Eating Disorders." In Encyclopedia of Feeding and Eating Disorders, 1–5. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-087-2_93-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Weight and shape"

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Liu, Jian, and Lijun Xu. "Motion to Reduce Weight and Body Shape." In 2nd International Conference on Civil, Materials and Environmental Sciences. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cmes-15.2015.88.

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Scheggi, Stefano, Gionata Salvietti, and Domenico Prattichizzo. "Shape and weight rendering for haptic Augmented Reality." In 2010 RO-MAN: The 19th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/roman.2010.5598632.

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Toennies, K. D., and P. Benedix. "A weight-adaptive dynamic model for shape segmentation." In rnational Conference on Image Processing. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530180.

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Stebner, Aaron, Joseph Krueger, Anselm J. Neurohr, David C. Dunand, L. Catherine Brinson, James H. Mabe, and Frederick T. Calkins. "Light-Weight, Fast-Cycling, Shape-Memory Actuation Structures." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-4988.

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While bulk shape memory alloys (SMAs) have proven a successful means for creating adaptive aerospace structures in many demonstrations, including live flight tests, the time required to cool such actuators has been identified as a property that could inhibit their commercial implementation in some circumstances. To determine best practices for improving cooling times, several approaches to increase the surface area and reduce the mass of existing bulk actuator technologies have been examined. Specifically, geometries created using traditional milling and EDM techniques were compared with micro-channel geometries made possible by a new electrochemical milling process developed at Northwestern. The latter technique involves imbedding steel space-holders in a matrix of NiTi powders, hot isostatic pressing the preform into a dense composite, and then electro-chemically dissolving the steel. Thus, in a two-step process, it is possible to create an actuation structure with numerous micro-channels with excellent control of geometry, shape, size and placement, to reduce weight and increase surface area (and thus decrease response time) without compromising actuator performance. In this paper, the new, lighter-weight, faster cycling shape-memory alloy actuation structures resulting from each technique are reviewed. Their performances are compared and contrasted through the results of a numerical study conducted with a 3D SMA constitutive law developed specifically to handle the complex, non-proportional loadings that arise in porous structures. It is shown that using micro-channel technology, cooling times are significantly reduced relative to traditional machining techniques for the same amount of mass reduction.
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"A Weight Vector Feature for 3D Shape Matching." In 7th International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0002414700690078.

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Carne, Thomas G., Vesta I. Bateman, and Clark R. Dohrmann. "Force Reconstruction Using the Inverse of the Mode-Shape Matrix." In ASME 1991 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1991-0354.

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Abstract A new technique for force reconstruction is developed. To estimate the externally applied force, this technique sums the weight-scaled acceleration signals, and is referred to as the Sum of Weighted Accelerations Technique (SWAT). To obtain the scalar weights the inverse of the mode shape matrix is used. Application of this technique is illustrated with both numerical calculations using a mass-spring model and experimental data from a structure impacting a rigid barrier.
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Itou, Motomichi, and Teiichi Ohkouchi. "Optimal Design of Structural Shape: Minimal Weight Shapes Designed Corresponding to Displacement Restraining Planes." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0101.

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Abstract The designs of the elastic two-dimensional plate structure are optimized for the minimal weight structures of the characteristic shapes. Structures composed of finite elements are modified discretely by attaching and detaching of elements at external boundary of shapes. In the modifications, the steepest descent method is actualized using the sensitivity function that is evaluated from the strain energy of the structure by Finite Element Method. The sensitivity value of each element is calculated by the element stiffness matrix and the nodal displacements. The two structures “A” and “B” are modified by the above mention technique. The structure “A” with vertical and horizontal displacement restraining planes is converged into a hanging bar with a uniform cross-sectional area of the minimal weight shape. The structure “B” with only vertical displacement restraining plane is converged into a V-shaped structure supported by two forked ends.
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Li, Chunyuan, Andrew Stevens, Changyou Chen, Yunchen Pu, Zhe Gan, and Lawrence Carin. "Learning Weight Uncertainty with Stochastic Gradient MCMC for Shape Classification." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2016.611.

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Odone, F., E. Trucco, and A. Verri. "Visual Learning of Weight from Shape using Support Vector Machines." In British Machine Vision Conference 1998. British Machine Vision Association, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5244/c.12.47.

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Knowles, Gareth, Ross Bird, and Victor Birman. "Shape Memory Alloy Springs Used as Reduced Power/Weight Actuators." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60401.

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The paper presents a concept and realization of using shape memory alloy (SMA) spring actuators for deployment of flight control surfaces of small air vehicles. These actuators replace heavy servomotors resulting in increased endurance of the vehicle as well as reduced power consumption. The actuator represents a spiral wound tubular SMA helical spring that is extended in its martensitic phase prior to actuation. The actuation can be achieved by directing exhaust gas from the onboard engine, i.e. providing an influx of heat. When activated, the spring returns to its original (compressed) shape generating a force in the range of 10 to 25 lbf. The advantage of using SMA springs is related to the enhanced stiffness after activation, as the material transforms from the martensitic to austenitic phase. Such added rigidity is useful to deploy telescoping wing surfaces and implement extensive geometric airframe changes. Numerical examples conducted with a typical spring material and geometry illustrated that the required stroke can be achieved with the spring index of about 10, coil diameter of 2.5 inches and SMA diameter in the range from 0.14 to 0.24 inches. Experimental data confirms these numerical predictions. The present study has proven the feasibility of using SMA actuators for the deployment of wing surfaces of small air vehicles.
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Reports on the topic "Weight and shape"

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Rahai, Hamid, and Jeremy Bonifacio. Numerical Investigations of Virus Transport Aboard a Commuter Bus. Mineta Transportation Institute, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2048.

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The authors performed unsteady numerical simulations of virus/particle transport released from a hypothetical passenger aboard a commuter bus. The bus model was sized according to a typical city bus used to transport passengers within the city of Long Beach in California. The simulations were performed for the bus in transit and when the bus was at a bus stop opening the middle doors for 30 seconds for passenger boarding and drop off. The infected passenger was sitting in an aisle seat in the middle of the bus, releasing 1267 particles (viruses)/min. The bus ventilation system released air from two linear slots in the ceiling at 2097 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and the air was exhausted at the back of the bus. Results indicated high exposure for passengers sitting behind the infectious during the bus transit. With air exchange outside during the bus stop, particles were spread to seats in front of the infectious passenger, thus increasing the risk of infection for the passengers sitting in front of the infectious person. With higher exposure time, the risk of infection is increased. One of the most important factors in assessing infection risk of respiratory diseases is the spatial distribution of the airborne pathogens. The deposition of the particles/viruses within the human respiratory system depends on the size, shape, and weight of the virus, the morphology of the respiratory tract, as well as the subject’s breathing pattern. For the current investigation, the viruses are modeled as solid particles of fixed size. While the results provide details of particles transport within a bus along with the probable risk of infection for a short duration, however, these results should be taken as preliminary as there are other significant factors such as the virus’s survival rate, the size distribution of the virus, and the space ventilation rate and mixing that contribute to the risk of infection and have not been taken into account in this investigation.
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