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HOU, Ke-Jia, Xiao-Ying BAI, Hao LU, Shu-Fang LI, and Li-Zhu ZHOU. "Web Service Test Data Generation Using Interface Semantic Contract." Journal of Software 24, no. 8 (January 16, 2014): 2020–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1001.2013.04366.
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Monfort, Valérie, and Slimane Hammoudi. "When Parameterized Model Driven Development Supports Aspect Based SOA." International Journal of E-Business Research 7, no. 3 (July 2011): 44–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jebr.2011070103.
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Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) are widely used by companies to gain flexibility. Web services are the fitted technical solution used to support SOA by providing interoperability and loose coupling. Basic Web services are being assembled to composite Web services in order to directly support business processes. However, there is much to be done to obtain a genuine flawless Web service, and current market implementations do not provide adaptable Web service behavior depending on the service contract. This paper proposes two different approaches to increase adaptability of Web services and SOA. The first approach is based on Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) as a new design solution for Web services. The authors have implemented an infrastructure to enrich services with aspects and to dynamically reroute messages according to changes, without redeployment. The second approach combines Model Driven Development (MDD) and Context-Awareness to promote reuse and adaptability of Web services behavior depending on the service context. Parameterized transformation techniques are proposed to bind context with business logic implemented by a service. The aim is to merge the two approaches to abstract and reduce the technical complexity of aspect based service solution.
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Mateos, Cristian, Marco Crasso, Alejandro Zunino, and José Luis Ordiales Coscia. "A Stitch in Time Saves Nine: Early Improving Code-First Web Services Discoverability." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 24, no. 02 (June 2015): 1550004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843015500045.
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Web Services represent a number of standard technologies and methodologies that allow developers to build applications under the Service-Oriented Computing paradigm. Within these, the WSDL language is used for representing Web Service interfaces, while code-first remains the de facto standard for building such interfaces. Previous studies with contract-first Web Services have shown that avoiding a specific catalog of bad WSDL specification practices, or anti-patterns, can reward Web Service publishers as service understandability and discoverability are considerably improved. In this paper, we study a number of simple and well-known code service refactorings that early reduce anti-pattern occurrences in WSDL documents. This relationship relies upon a statistical correlation between common OO metrics taken on a service's code and the anti-pattern occurrences in the generated WSDL document. We quantify the effects of the refactorings — which directly modify OO metric values and indirectly alter anti-pattern occurrences — on service discovery. All in all, we show that by applying the studied refactorings, anti-patterns are reduced and Web Service discovery is significantly improved. For the experiments, a dataset of real-world Web Services and an academic service registry have been employed.
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TOMAZ, RICARDO FERRAZ, MEHDI BEN HMIDA, and VALERIE MONFORT. "CONCRETE SOLUTIONS FOR WEB SERVICES ADAPTABILITY USING POLICIES AND ASPECTS." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 15, no. 03 (September 2006): 415–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843006001414.
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Traditional middleware is usually developed on monolithic and non-evolving entities, resulting in a lack of flexibility and interoperability. Among current architectures, Service Oriented Architectures aim to easily develop more adaptable Information Systems. Most often, Web Service is the fitted technical solution which provides the required loose coupling to achieve such architectures. However, there is still much to be done in order to obtain a genuinely flawless Web Service, and current market implementations still do not provide adaptable Web Service behavior depending on the service contract. In this paper, we present our two last years of work toward a more adaptable SOA. We proposed two approaches that consider Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) as a new design solution for Web Services. The two approaches enable us to glue new non-functional behaviors to a Web Service without going back to modify, recompile, retest and finally redeploy it.
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HOFFNER, YIGAL, and SIMON FIELD. "TRANSFORMING AGREEMENTS INTO CONTRACTS." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 14, no. 02n03 (June 2005): 217–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843005001134.
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During the life cycle of a service consumer-provider relationship, agreements are reached in a variety of areas covering technical, service, business and legal issues. Although some of these agreements may be viewed as legally binding, it is unlikely that any of them will constitute a legal contract in the full sense of the word. It is often expedient to gather these agreements and create a legal contract out of them. Automating this process of contract generation can speed up the process and reduce the cost of legal expenses. In fact, the process of automated contract generation can also be useful outside the realm of web services, when agreements are made directly among people. We propose a way of transforming such agreements into contracts in a dynamic, efficient and speedy manner, using advanced forms of matchmaking technology in a novel way. This complements the other directions in which the agreements are to be used, namely configuration, instantiation, enactment supervision and relationship termination and evaluation.
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Koll, Kristiina. "Qualification of Consumer Contracts for the Supply of Digital Services under Estonian Law." Juridica International 30 (October 13, 2021): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/ji.2021.30.06.
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The EU Digital Content Directive provides for overarching regulation of the supply of digital content and services. In this light, the article presents analysis of how contracts for the supply of digital content or digital services can be qualified under Estonian law. More specific focus is placed on contracts for digital services such as storage in a cloud service or use of Web based software, because it is not entirely clear whether the underlying contracts should be considered some type of contract for use or, rather, some kind of contract for provision of services. The article examines the distinctive characteristics of particular types of contracts for use and for services, such as the possible object of the specific type of contract at issue and the main obligations of the parties, for purposes of determining whether they are suitable for the supply of digital content or digital services. This distinction is important for understanding of the directive’s relationship with national law and how existing rules function in conjunction with the rules of the directive. Also, it regulates only certain aspects of contract law, while the remainder of the contractual relationship is determined by national law – such as that pertaining to obligations of consumers and legal remedies available to traders. These rules may differ between contract types. The article’s analysis is based on comparison of Estonian and German law.
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Ma, Xin Qiang, Yi Huang, Dan Ning Li, and You Yuan Liu. "Study on Quality of Service Based on Trusted Computing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 3941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3941.
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Trusted computing is a hot topic of information security technology research nowadays. It was developed based on computing and Information Systems. At the same time, business processes for e-commerce and Web service applications, suppliers and customers define a binding agreement or contract between the two parties, specifying quality of service (QoS) items such as products or services to be delivered, deadlines, quality of products, and cost of services. The management of QoS metrics directly impacts the success of organizations participating in e-commerce. In this paper, we discuss the present situation about QoS in the environment of trusted computing. It describes the factors related to each attribute, as well as possible tradeoffs and existing efforts to achieve that quality. The paper also discusses key issues in services level agreements that are used to contract the level of services quality between service providers and users.
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FARRELL, ANDREW D. H., MAREK J. SERGOT, MATHIAS SALLÉ, and CLAUDIO BARTOLINI. "USING THE EVENT CALCULUS FOR TRACKING THE NORMATIVE STATE OF CONTRACTS." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 14, no. 02n03 (June 2005): 99–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843005001110.
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In this work, we have been principally concerned with the representation of contracts so that their normative state may be tracked in an automated fashion over their deployment lifetime. The normative state of a contract, at a particular time, is the aggregation of instances of normative relations that hold between contract parties at that time, plus the current values of contract variables. The effects of contract events on the normative state of a contract are specified using an XML formalization of the Event Calculus, called ecXML. We use an example mail service agreement from the domain of web services to ground the discussion of our work. We give a characterization of the agreement according to the normative concepts of obligation, power and permission, and show how the ecXML representation may be used to track the state of the agreement, according to a narrative of contract events. We also give a description of a state tracking architecture, and a contract deployment tool, both of which have been implemented in the course of our work.
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Grefen, Paul, Heiko Ludwig, and Samuil Angelov. "A Three-Level Framework for Process and Data Management of Complex E-Services." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 12, no. 04 (December 2003): 487–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843003000838.
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Service outsourcing is the business paradigm in which an organization has part of its business process performed by a service provider. In dynamic markets, service providers can be selected on the fly during process enactment. The cooperation between the parties is specified in a dynamically made electronic contract. This contract includes a process specification that is tailored towards service brokering and cross-organizational process enactment and, hence, has to conform to market and specification standards. Process enactment, however, relies on intra-organizational process specifications that have to comply with the infrastructure available in an organization for process and data management. In this paper, we present a three-level process and data specification framework for dynamic contract-based outsourcing of complex services. We focus on services with an externally visible control flow, as opposed to simple, black-box web services. The framework relates the two process specification levels through a third, conceptual level. This approach is inspired by the well-known ANSI-SPARC model for data management. We discuss an abstract architecture for dynamic service outsourcing based on the three-level framework. We show how the framework and architecture can be placed in the context of existing infrastructures for cross-organizational process support. As service outsourcing is used more and more for core business processes requiring reliable execution, we pay special attention to transaction management.
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Nepal, Surya, and Shiping Chen. "Dynamic Business Collaborations Through Contract Services." International Journal of Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering 2, no. 4 (October 2011): 60–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssoe.2011100104.
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New applications have recently emerged within the domains of e-Health, e-Science, e-Research and e-Government that require the formation of dynamic collaborations between independent, autonomous business organizations for the duration of a project designed with a specific purpose. To successfully create and manage such collaborations, there is a need of a standard way to specify: (a) what resources are required, (b) who will contribute resources, (c) the type of access required to these resources, (d) agreement and obligations of the partners within the business collaboration, with the terms and conditions specified in the agreement, and (e) how to instantiate, maintain and terminate such business collaborations easily and in a well understood manner. The authors address these issues through the creation, negotiation and execution of an agreed electronic contract. First, this paper provides a framework for an electronic contract (e-Contract) by introducing a Web Service Collaborative Context Definition Language (WS-CCDL), which was developed in the context of dynamic business collaboration. Then, the authors illustrate its use with a universal (anywhere) connectivity service for a tele-Collaboration application in the context of e-Research domain. Both architectural design and implementation considerations are provided to highlight the feasibility and complicity of the technologies.
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Alamsyah, Yusca Satria, Saif Askari, and Khafid Abadi. "Jasa Titip (Jastip) Barang Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif (Studi Kasus Pemilik Akun Instagram @azkaestu)." el hisbah: Journal of Islamic Economic Law 2, no. 1 (October 22, 2022): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/el_hisbah.v2i1.4866.
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Goods delivery service (jastip) is a service assistance service to buy certain goods that are presented through web-based media, and for this assistance the perpetrators of the delivery service will receive fees or wages. The owner of the Instagram account @azkaestu provides this web-based buying and selling service by applying the price of goods and estimates combined with the cost or wage rate for the service if the customer does not ask directly, and does not explain what the cost of the store is.
Based on the above background, the formulation of the problem in this study are: 1. How is the practice of goods deposit services on the @azkaestu Instagram account owner?, 2. What is the perspective of Islamic law on goods deposit services?, 3. What is the positive legal perspective on goods deposit services? ?
The conclusion that can be drawn is the mechanism for determining ujrah on the @azkaestu Instagram account by entering administrative wages which are combined into the product cost price called include. The wage rate for administration usually ranges from 10-50% of the product cost and this depends on the operational services of the goods or the needs of the custodians. Meanwhile, the positive legal view on online application-based transactions involving online deposit services is essentially an engagement.
Keywords: Contract, Engagement, Deposit Service
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Ibrahim, Abdallah A. Z. A., Muhammad Umer Wasim, Sebastien Varrette, and Pascal Bouvry. "PRESENCE: Monitoring and Modelling the Performance Metrics of Mobile Cloud SaaS Web Services." Mobile Information Systems 2018 (August 14, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1351386.
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Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are defining the quality of the services delivered from the Cloud Services Providers (CSPs) to the cloud customers. The services are delivered on a pay-per-use model. The quality of the provided services is not guaranteed by the SLA because it is just a contract. The developments around mobile cloud computing and the advent of edge computing technologies are contributing to the diffusion of the cloud services and the multiplication of offers. Although the cloud services market is growing for the coming years, unfortunately, there is no standard mechanism which exists to verify and assure that delivered services satisfy the signed SLA agreement in an automatic way. The accurate monitoring and modelling of the provided Quality of Service (QoS) is also missing. In this context, we aim at offering an automatic framework named PRESENCE, to evaluate the QoS and SLA compliance of Web Services (WSs) offered across several CSPs. Yet unlike other approaches, PRESENCE aims at quantifying in a fair and by stealth way the performance and scalability of the delivered WS. This article focuses on the first experimental results obtained on the accurate modelisation of each individual performance metrics. Indeed, 19 generated models are provided, out of which 78.9% accurately represent the WS performance metrics for two representative SaaS web services used for the validation of the PRESENCE approach. This opens novel perspectives for assessing the SLA compliance of Cloud providers using the PRESENCE framework.
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Zhu, Huamin, Jun Luo, and Hongyao Deng. "Optimizing the Procurement of IaaS Reservation Contracts via Workload Predicting and Integer Programming." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (November 6, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6901084.
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Cloud-based web applications are proliferating fast. Owing to the elastic capacity and diverse pricing schemes, cloud Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) offers great opportunity for web application providers to optimize resource cost. However, such optimization activities are confronting the challenges posed by the uncertainty of future demand and the increasing reservation contracts. This work investigates the problem of how to minimize IaaS rental cost associated with hosting web applications, while meeting the demand in the future business cycle. First, an integer liner program model is developed to optimize reservation-contract procurement, in which reserved and on-demand resources are planned for multiple provisioning stages as well as a long-term plan, e.g., twelve stages in an annual plan. Then, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based algorithm is designed to predict the workload in the future business cycle. In addition, the approaches for determining virtual instance capacity and the baseline workload of planning time slot are also presented. Finally, the experimental prediction results show the LSTM-based algorithm gains an advantage over several popular models, such as the Holter–Winters, the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), and the Support Vector Regression (SVR). The simulations of resource planning show that the provisioning scheme based on our reservation-optimization model obtains significant cost savings than other typical provisioning schemes, while satisfying the demands.
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Sidiq, Muhammad Fajar, Akbari Indra Basuki, Didi Rosiyadi, Iwan Setiawan, Yusnan Hasani Siregar, and Sriyadi Sriyadi. "Secure protection for covid-19 infographic using blockchain and discrete cosine transform-singular value decomposition (DCT-SVD) watermarking." JURNAL INFOTEL 14, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v14i2.749.
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Covid-19 infographics have a crucial role in mitigating the covid-19 pandemic by conveying the complex Covid19 information in a form of a simple yet understandable image. However, keenly to contribute to mitigating Covid-19, numerous parties and agencies had released Covid-19 infographics that might contain incorrect or inaccurate information. To prevent such recurrent, this paper proposed an authentication system by using a blockchain-based authorization service that lets the authority guarantee the correctness and validity of the infographics in a transparent manner. We proposed smart contract-based watermarking requests and approval management that let anyone track the watermarking process. To prevent unauthorized infographic fabrications, we use the DCT-SVD method considering its robustness against various attacks. We deployed and evaluated the smart contract on Ethereum test networks (Ropsten, Rinkeby, Goerli, and Kovan) to compare the efficiency and the ease of use. The result showed that the test networks have similar efficiency while the Ropsten and Goerli have better ease of use. The watermark validation service is accessible via a web-based interface for anyone to check the validity of the infographic’s watermark.
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Syafrinal and Bahruni. "Perancangan Sistem Informasi Jasa Cuci Mobil dan Motor Doorsmeer." Journal Innovations Computer Science 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.56347/jics.v1i1.25.
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The purpose of the research is to design an information system for car and motorcycle washing services that will be used by doormeer business users, which is expected to assist doormeer entrepreneurs in recording every transaction, queue, payroll management and can be used with various platforms both desktop and mobile. In the process of designing an information system for doormeer car and motorcycle washing services, we use the DevOps software design method. From the results of research and observations that have been made on Doorsmeer CV. XYZ, it can be concluded that from the results of the design of an information system for car and motorcycle washing services at Doorsmeer CV. XYZ web-based parties make it easy to inform washing services that are ready to use through the ordering system. With the website, customers can access and get information and order services quickly from their homes, and can choose the services they want to use according to the customer's plan, and Applications information system for car and motorcycle washing services at Doorsmeer CV. XYZ can handle and control and supervise service transaction data, create invoices that can avoid delays and in making contract reports for each transaction activity.
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Hang, Lei, BumHwi Kim, KyuHyung Kim, and DoHyeun Kim. "A Permissioned Blockchain-Based Clinical Trial Service Platform to Improve Trial Data Transparency." BioMed Research International 2021 (July 29, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5554487.
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The clinical research faces numerous challenges, from patient enrollment to data privacy concerns and regulatory requirements to spiraling costs. Blockchain technology has the potential to overcome these challenges, thus making clinical trials transparent and enhancing public trust in a fair and open process with all stakeholders because of its distinct features such as data immutability and transparency. This paper proposes a permissioned blockchain platform to ensure clinical data transparency and provides secure clinical trial-related solutions. We explore the core functionalities of blockchain applied to clinical trials and illustrate its general principle concretely. These clinical trial operations are automated using the smart contract, which ensures traceability, prevents a posteriori reconstruction, and securely automates the clinical trial. A web-based user interface is also implemented to visualize the data from the blockchain and ease the interaction with the blockchain network. A proof of concept is implemented on Hyperledger Fabric in the case study of clinical management for multiple clinical trials to demonstrate the designed approach’s feasibility. Lastly, the experiment results demonstrate the efficiency and usability of the proposed platform.
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Mišovič, Milan, and Ivana Rábová. "Classical Process diagrams and Service oriented Architecture." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 4 (2013): 1023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361041023.
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SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) has played in the last two decades a very useful role in the design philosophy of the target software. The basic units of software for which the mentioned philosophy is valid are called services. Generally it is counted that the advance implementation of services is given by using so–called Web services that are on the platform of the Internet 2.0. Naturally, there has been counted also with the fact that the services will be used in software applications designed by professional programmers. Later, the concept of software services was supported by the enterprise concept of the SOE type (Service oriented Enterprise) and by the creation of the SOA paradigm.Many computer scientists, including Thomas Erl – doyen of SOA, do not understand SOA either as an integrated technology or as a development methodology. Proofs of this statement are in the following definitions.SOA is a form of technology architecture that adheres to the principles of service – orientation. When realized through the Web services technology platform, SOA establishes the potential to support and promote these principles throughout the business processes and automation domains of an enterprise (Erl, 2006). Thomas Erl (Erl, 2007) has expressed the idea of SOA implementation using the following definition.SOA establishes an architectural model that aides to enhance the efficiency, agility, and productivity of an enterprise by positioning services as the primary means through which solution logic is represented in support of the realization of strategic goals associated with service-oriented computing. Nevertheless the key principles, on which SOA is constructed (Erl, 2006), are not significantly reflected in any of the previous definitions. Some of the mentioned principles are still included at least in the more free definitions of SOA, for example (Barry, 2003).A service-oriented architecture is essentially a collection of services. These services communicate with each other. The communication can involve either simple data or it could two or more services coordinating some activity. From the above mentioned we can pronounce a brief description of SOA. “SOA is an architectural style for consistency of business process logic and service architecture of the target software.”It is a complex of means for solution of special analysis, design, and integration of enterprise applications based on the use of enterprise services. The service solutions of the classic business process logic are, of course, based on the application of at least seven key principles of SOA (free relations, service contract, autonomy, abstraction, reusing, composition, no states). Key attributes of SOA are verbally described in (Erl, 2006). They are so important that a separate article should be devoted to their nature and formalization. On the other hand, there is also clear that each service solution of business logic should respect the principles published in SOA Manifesto, 2009, which are essentially derived from the key principles of SOA.In many publications there are given the SOA reference models usually composed of several layers (presentation layer, business process layer, composite services layer, application layer) giving a meta idea of SOA implementation. Perfect knowledge of the business process logic is a necessary condition for the development of a proper service solution. The different types of business processes should be described in the necessary details and contexts.Interestingly, the SOA paradigm does not provide its own method of finding and describing business processes by giving a layered transparent business process diagram. On the other hand, the methodology provides deep understanding of not only the characteristics of services, but also their functionality and implementation of the key principles of SOA (Erl, 2006).Let us assume that the required process diagrams can be achieved by using some of the advanced methods and descriptions. Among many other methods and description, we can introduce for example methods as Eriksson–Penker Business Extensions, ARIS, BORM (Business Object Relation Modeling) and description as BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation).This offers the idea of using these methods and descriptions for the SOA paradigm for the purposes of process models conversion into schemes of services with built-in orchestration. Conversion of transformations should be based on the knowledge of two artifacts. The first is the output artifact – everything what diagram process provides for the target service scheme and the second is the input artifact – all what service schemes need.The issue of conversion transformations is the main topic of this contribution. Their implementation will allow software companies to move forward in the creation of service production and it gives a new view of the enterprise functionality in a service solution to company management.
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Fé, Iure, Rubens Matos, Jamilson Dantas, Carlos Melo, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Dugki Min, Eunmi Choi, Francisco Airton Silva, and Paulo Romero Martins Maciel. "Performance-Cost Trade-Off in Auto-Scaling Mechanisms for Cloud Computing." Sensors 22, no. 3 (February 5, 2022): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031221.
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Cloud computing has been widely adopted over the years by practitioners and companies with a variety of requirements. With a strong economic appeal, cloud computing makes possible the idea of computing as a utility, in which computing resources can be consumed and paid for with the same convenience as electricity. One of the main characteristics of cloud as a service is elasticity supported by auto-scaling capabilities. The auto-scaling cloud mechanism allows adjusting resources to meet multiple demands dynamically. The elasticity service is best represented in critical web trading and transaction systems that must satisfy a certain service level agreement (SLA), such as maximum response time limits for different types of inbound requests. Nevertheless, existing cloud infrastructures maintained by different cloud enterprises often offer different cloud service costs for equivalent SLAs upon several factors. The factors might be contract types, VM types, auto-scaling configuration parameters, and incoming workload demand. Identifying a combination of parameters that results in SLA compliance directly in the system is often sophisticated, while the manual analysis is prone to errors due to the huge number of possibilities. This paper proposes the modeling of auto-scaling mechanisms in a typical cloud infrastructure using a stochastic Petri net (SPN) and the employment of a well-established adaptive search metaheuristic (GRASP) to discover critical trade-offs between performance and cost in cloud services.The proposed SPN models enable cloud designers to estimate the metrics of cloud services in accordance with each required SLA such as the best configuration, cost, system response time, and throughput.The auto-scaling SPN model was extensively validated with 95% confidence against a real test-bed scenario with 18.000 samples. A case-study of cloud services was used to investigate the viability of this method and to evaluate the adoptability of the proposed auto-scaling model in practice. On the other hand, the proposed optimization algorithm enables the identification of economic system configuration and parameterization to satisfy required SLA and budget constraints. The adoption of the metaheuristic GRASP approach and the modeling of auto-scaling mechanisms in this work can help search for the optimized-quality solution and operational management for cloud services in practice.
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Šaučiūnas, Marius, and Albertas Čaplinskas. "Pasitikėjimo užtikrinimo metodai automatiniu būdu sudarant elektronines pasaulinio saityno paslaugų gavimo sutartis." Informacijos mokslai 56 (January 1, 2011): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2011.0.3146.
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Straipsnyje aptariamos pasitikėjimo problemos, su kuriomis susiduriama derantis programiniams agentams dėl pasaulinio saityno paslaugų gavimo elektroninių sutarčių sudarymo. Derybų metu iš paslaugų teikėjų, teikiančių visus kitus reikalavimustenkinančias paslaugas, reikia pasirinkti tokį, kuriam galima atskleisti savo konfidencialius duomenis. Pasitikėjimas turi būti abipusis, nes tai dažnai aktualu ir paslaugos teikėjui. Abipusis pasitikėjimas įgyjamas derybų būdu, palaipsniui vienas kitam atskleidžiant savo konfidencialius duomenis. Taigi derybos turi būti reglamentuojamos taisyklėmis, nustatančiomis, kokia informacija kokiomis sąlygomis gali būti atskleista. Straipsnyje analizuojamos abipusio pasitikėjimo įgijimo uždavinio detalės, svarbiausi to uždavinio sprendimo metodai. Išryškinami šių metodų pranašumai ir trūkumai, aptariami dar neišspręsti klausimai. Pasitikėjimo problemų požiūriu vertinamas vienas iš plačiai pripažintų derybų proceso koncepcinių modelių, parodyta, kad šis modelis neužtikrina pasitikėjimo problemų sprendimo, ir pasiūlyta, kaip jį tobulinti. Pagrindinė darbo išvada yra ta, jog šiuo metu aktualiau ne kurti naujus pasitikėjimo metodus, bet kritiškai ir eksperimentiškai analizuoti jau pasiūlytus metodus ir idėjas, juos apibendrinti, integruoti ir rengti rekomendacijas, kaip jais pasinaudoti praktikoje.Automated eContract Negotiation in Web Service Environment: Trust Management AspectsMarius Šaučiūnas, Albertas Čaplinskas SummaryThe paper addresses trust management problems in automated eContract negotiation among software agents in the web service environment. From the point of trust management, the aim of the negotiation process is to choose the most trustworthy providers from those who provide services that satisfy certain functional and other requirements. In order to negotiate about the trust, the negotiation process should provide some mechanisms to reason about requesters’ policies, specifying who and under what conditions nay access private information (Kagal et al., 2004) and to guarantee that no legal norms would be violated in the contract. The paper familiarizes with details of the trust negotiation problem and with the approaches that have been proposed to solve this problem. It presents also a critical analysis of the proposed approaches and summarizes their challenges and drawbacks. The author analyses also one of the more advanced conceptual frameworks of negotiation process from the trust modelling perspective, highlights its drawbacks and proposes how to improve this framework.
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Fragkos, Georgios, Jay Johnson, and Eirini Eleni Tsiropoulou. "Centralized and Decentralized Distributed Energy Resource Access Control Implementation Considerations." Energies 15, no. 17 (September 1, 2022): 6375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176375.
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A global transition to power grids with high penetrations of renewable energy generation is being driven in part by rapid installations of distributed energy resources (DER). New DER equipment includes standardized IEEE 1547-2018 communication interfaces and proprietary communications capabilities. Interoperable DER provides new monitoring and control capabilities. The existence of multiple entities with different roles and responsibilities within the DER ecosystem makes the Access Control (AC) mechanism necessary. In this paper, we introduce and compare two novel architectures, which provide a Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) service to the DER ecosystem’s entities. Selecting an appropriate RBAC technology is important for the RBAC administrator and users who request DER access authorization. The first architecture is centralized, based on the OpenLDAP, an open source implementation of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). The second approach is decentralized, based on a private Ethereum blockchain test network, where the RBAC model is stored and efficiently retrieved via the utilization of a single Smart Contract. We have implemented two end-to-end Proofs-of-Concept (PoC), respectively, to offer the RBAC service to the DER entities as web applications. Finally, an evaluation of the two approaches is presented, highlighting the key speed, cost, usability, and security features.
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Hyun, Youngran. "A Comparative Study of Different Types of Cultural NPOs in Terms of the Contract Relationships, Public Service Motivation, satisfaction and Work Performance of their Public Web Portal." International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology 10, no. 9 (September 30, 2017): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijunesst.2017.10.9.11.
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Popovych, T. "The right to internet access: foreign experience of legal regulation." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 64 (August 14, 2021): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.64.69.
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The article is devoted to outlining certain aspects of the legal regulation of the right to Internet access throughthe prism of foreign experience. The issues of regulation of the right to Internet access in the normative acts of in-dividual states are analyzed. The specifics of the obligations of the state and providers of relevant services that existin the context of ensuring the right to Internet access are determined.The author emphasizes that the role of the state in terms of providing access to the Internet also involves properinteraction with service providers, assisting them through regulatory and institutional mechanisms. Whereas thequality of providing access to the Internet largely depends on the coordinated cooperation of the state with provid-ers. In addition, attention is drawn to cases where states block certain web resources and impose certain restrictionson access to the Internet.The author concludes that the right to Internet access, despite its recognition as necessary in terms of the needsof modern mankind and the current state of technology, remains largely complicated in the direction of its imple-mentation in practice. After all, the state is obliged to provide unhindered (except for exceptions established by law)and quality access to the Internet, and service providers – to provide appropriate Internet access in accordance withmodern technologies and conditions specified in the contract with users.Therefore, the complexity of such obligations is due to two aspects: first, the need for legal, institutional andtechnical access to the Internet, which requires financial, material and technical and other resources; secondly, the presence in a number of countries (for example, in China, Muslim countries) of significant restrictions on access to the Internet for reasons of national security, religious attitudes, ideology, etc.
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Sohibun, Sohibun, and Filza Yulina Ade. "Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Virtual Class Berbantuan Google Drive." Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah 2, no. 2 (December 16, 2017): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/tadris.v2i2.2177.
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University students become the main target of marketing of information technology developers. Based on the results of a survey with random sampling technique on users of wireless fidelity (wi-fi) service and internet service providers on smartphones, there are 98% of physics students use it and 80% of them actively use it to access various social media. Interactive learning media developed and accessible via smartphone but it is not widely used by lecturers and students yet. There is only 14.3% of lecturers who use e-learning. Virtual Class on e-learning is an online learning environment, in the form of web-based, portal or software. Learning in the real world, every participant both lecturers and students must meet the rules agreed upon during the college contract. One of the strategies to improve the independence of study of physics student is through learning media based on Virtual Class assisted by Google drive. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a lesson that can support conventional learning in the classroom. Mahasiswa menjadi sasaran utama marketing para pengembang teknologi informasi. Berdasarkan hasil survei yang dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling pada pengguna layanan wifi dan layanan internet provider pada gawai, terdapat 98% mahasiswa fisika menggunakannya dan 80% diantaranya aktif menggunakannya untuk mengakses berbagai media sosial. Media pembelajaran interaktif banyak dikembangkan dan dapat diakses melalui gawai. Akan tetapi, belum banyak digunakan dosen dan mahasiswa, hanya 14,3 % saja dosen yang menggunakan e-learning. Virtual Class pada e-learning merupakan lingkungan belajar online, berupa berbasis web, portal atau software. Pembelajaran di dunia nyata, setiap peserta baik dosen maupun mahasiswa harus memenuhi aturan yang disepakati saat kontrak kuliah. Salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar mahasiswa fisika adalah melalui media pembelajaran berbasis Virtual Class berbantuan Google drive. Oleh karenanya, perlu dikembangkan pembelajaran yang dapat menunjang pembelajaran konvensional di kelas
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Costante, Elisa, Federica Paci, and Nicola Zannone. "Privacy-Aware Web Service Composition and Ranking." International Journal of Web Services Research 10, no. 3 (July 2013): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwsr.2013070101.
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Service selection is a key issue in the Future Internet, where applications are built by composing services and content offered by different service providers. Most existing service selection schemas only focus on QoS properties of services such as throughput, latency and response time, or on their trust and reputation level. By contrast, the risk of privacy breaches arising from the selection of component services whose privacy policy is not compliant with customers’ privacy preferences is largely ignored. In this paper, the authors propose a novel privacy-preserving Web service composition and selection approach which (i) makes it possible to verify the compliance between users’ privacy requirements and providers’ privacy policies and (ii) ranks the composite Web services with respect to the privacy level they offer. The authors illustrate their approach using an eCommerce Web service as an example of service composition. Moreover, the authors present a possible Java-based implementation of the proposed approach and present an extension to WS-Policy standard to specify privacy related assertions.
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Lomuscio, Alessio, Wojciech Penczek, Monika Solanki, and Maciej Szreter. "Runtime Monitoring of Contract Regulated Web Services." Fundamenta Informaticae 111, no. 3 (2011): 339–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-2011-566.
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Heckel, Reiko, and Marc Lohmann. "Towards Contract-based Testing of Web Services." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 116 (January 2005): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2004.02.073.
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Carpineti, Samuele, and Cosimo Laneve. "A Rude Contract Language for Web Services." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 162 (September 2006): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2006.01.029.
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Hallé, Sylvain, Tevfik Bultan, Graham Hughes, Muath Alkhalaf, and Roger Villemaire. "Runtime Verification of Web Service Interface Contracts." Computer 43, no. 3 (March 2010): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.2010.76.
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Laneve, Cosimo, and Luca Padovani. "An algebraic theory for web service contracts." Formal Aspects of Computing 27, no. 4 (April 8, 2015): 613–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00165-015-0334-2.
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Lamparter, Steffen, Stefan Luckner, and Sibylle Mutschler. "Semi-automated management of web service contracts." International Journal of Services Sciences 1, no. 3/4 (2008): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssci.2008.021767.
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FANTINATO, MARCELO, MARIA BEATRIZ FELGAR DE TOLEDO, and ITANA MARIA DE SOUZA GIMENES. "WS-CONTRACT ESTABLISHMENT WITH QOS: AN APPROACH BASED ON FEATURE MODELING." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 17, no. 03 (September 2008): 373–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843008001889.
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Electronic contracts describe inter-organizational business processes in terms of supply and consumption of electronic services (commonly Web services). The establishment of e-contracts in a particular business domain usually involves a set of well-defined common and variable properties. These properties are not fully exploited by the existing e-contract establishment approaches. Feature modeling is a software engineering technique that has been widely used for capturing and managing commonalities and variabilities of product families in the context of software product line. This paper presents a feature-based approach to support Web services e-contract (WS-contract) establishment. The approach aims at improving the information structure and reuse of WS-contracts, including the QoS attributes. Features are used to represent possible WS-contract elements in order to drive WS-contract template instantiation, thus acting as a configuration space manager. A toolkit named FeatureContract was developed to automatically support the proposed approach. A case study was carried out within the telecom context to show the approach feasibility.
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Ciptono, Wakhid Slamet. "A SEQUENTIAL MODEL OF INNOVATION STRATEGY—COMPANY NON-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE LINKS." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 8, no. 2 (May 12, 2006): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.5617.
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This study extends the prior research (Zahra and Das 1993) by examining the association between a company’s innovation strategy and its non-financial performance in the upstream and downstream strategic business units (SBUs) of oil and gas companies. The sequential model suggests a causal sequence among six dimensions of innovation strategy (leadership orientation, process innovation, product/service innovation, external innovation source, internal innovation source, and investment) that may lead to higher company non-financial performance (productivity and operational reliability). The study distributed a questionnaire (by mail, e-mailed web system, and focus group discussion) to three levels of managers (top, middle, and first-line) of 49 oil and gas companies with 140 SBUs in Indonesia. These qualified samples fell into 47 upstream (supply-chain) companies with 132 SBUs, and 2 downstream (demand-chain) companies with 8 SBUs. A total of 1,332 individual usable questionnaires were returned thus qualified for analysis, representing an effective response rate of 50.19 percent. The researcher conducts structural equation modeling (SEM) and hierarchical multiple regression analysis to assess the goodness-of-fit between the research models and the sample data and to test whether innovation strategy mediates the impact of leadership orientation on company non-financial performance. SEM reveals that the models have met goodness-of-fit criteria, thus the interpretation of the sequential models fits with the data. The results of SEM and hierarchical multiple regression: (1) support the importance of innovation strategy as a determinant of company non-financial performance, (2) suggest that the sequential model is appropriate for examining the relationships between six dimensions of innovation strategy and company non-financial performance, and (3) show that the sequential model provides additional insights into the indirect contribution of the individual dimensions of innovation strategy (partially mediators) to company non-financial performance —productivity or operational reliability. The findings provide empirical evidence extending the previous model of Zahra and Das. These findings also provide a basis for useful recommendations to upstream and downstream SBU managers attempting to implement a sequential model of innovation strategy —company non-financial performance links. This study shows that upstream SBUs rely on external innovation sources. They will acquire innovation policies through business partnership development (such as Joint Operation Body for Enhanced Oil Recovery or JOB-EOR, Joint Operation Body for Production Sharing Contract or JOB-PSC); licensing agreements (Technical Assistance Contract or TAC, Consortium Cooperation System); or acquisition with other firms (Joint Operating Contract or JOC). In contrast, downstream SBUs emphasize on generating internal innovation sources to develop their own in-house R&D efforts. The downstream SBUs should make extensive policies of internal innovation sources in their attempts to control the distribution of oil-based fuel and transmission of natural gas for domestic and international markets effectively. Both policies would enhance understanding and ultimately contribute to the improvement of company financial performance —sales, net profit margin, return on assets.
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Molchanova, Glafira O., Alexey I. Rey, and Dmitry Yu Shagarov. "Detecting Indicators of Horizontal Collusion in Public Procurement with Machine Learning Methods." Economics of Contemporary Russia, no. 1 (April 6, 2020): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2020-1(88)-109-127.
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Improvement of procurement procedures and their digitization help prevent and identify cartels, but at the same time lead to the emergence of new anticompetitive schemes. In this paper we focus on electronic auctions, which have become the main method of public procurement in Russia in recent years. As e-auctions provide access to many big government orders; the incentives for bidders to join anti-competitive agreements are increased. Therefore, the development of methods to detect bid rigging at electronic auctions is of high practical importance. The aim of this work was to develop a method for detecting signs of horizontal collusion at an auction. We use machine learning methods to train classifiers that predict the presence or absence of cartel in electronic auctions, depending on the distribution of bidders, the time of submission of applications, the duration of the auction and the number of participants. Variables for the model were selected on the basis of distribution plots built for sample of cartels and random sample. The study is based on data from public procurement Web portal and the information about bid rigging from cases of the Federal Antimonopoly Service. The results showed that the Random forest model most accurately predicts the detection of the cartels on electronic auctions. The accuracy of the prediction is 84%, and the recall and precision of the model are 83 and 87%, respectively. The most significant variables for the classification are the level of price reduction, the difference in the time of application filing of participants and the value of the maximum starting price of contract.
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Badzeliuk, P. "Advocacy in the cloud: new digital challenges and realities of today." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 71 (August 25, 2022): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.71.56.
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Digitization has become a buzzword in the legal world, arousing considerable interest in the future of the legal profession. A number of innovative legal service providers have entered the legal services market, which is currently challenging the monopoly of lawyers on the practice of law and, ultimately, changing the way of production in the legal field. We have already witnessed significant digitization in due diligence, contract review, legal research, electronic detection, document forecasting and automation technologies, and tools such as client portals and Internet collaboration platforms are becoming more sophisticated every day.
Thus, in the broadest sense, the cloud environment is understood to mean a specific model of data storage, information that is regulated and processed by numerous servers on the World Wide Web. In the simplest terms, the cloud environment can be explained as a large spacious closet designed to store photos, videos, documents, and so on. However, the progress of digital technologies, the relentless wheel of the industrial revolution and the infusion of artificial intelligence into every cell of human life are bearing fruit, thereby greatly expanding the capabilities of cloud technology. In particular, cloud platforms are becoming not only a tool for storing information, but also a full-fledged tool for creating software products, managing them, managing computing resources and more. Yes, these technologies impress with their mobility and convenience, because wherever you are, all your experience, and almost the entire office you always have in your pocket, the user requires only a stable connection to the network.
The ubiquitous advertising of digital products is a very tempting proposition, but we will try to unravel the impact it has on a particular research area.
Advocacy is a set of procedural tasks that fall into the part of everyday life of a lawyer. The digitalization of advocacy is a pressing and topical issue in terms of the large-scale digital revolution. And given the controversial and lack of a single clear position on this issue, we consider this issue timely and appropriate.
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Castagna, Giuseppe, Nils Gesbert, and Luca Padovani. "A theory of contracts for web services." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 43, no. 1 (January 14, 2008): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1328897.1328471.
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Castagna, Giuseppe, Nils Gesbert, and Luca Padovani. "A theory of contracts for Web services." ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 31, no. 5 (June 2009): 1–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1538917.1538920.
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Jung, In Hwan, Jae Moon Lee, and Kitae Hwang. "MQTT Protocol Extension for Real Time Location based Service." Webology 19, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 4706–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v19i1/web19314.
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This paper introduces an extension of the MQTT protocol to reduce communication overhead in real-time location-based service system where mobile MQTT clients move and change their administrative district location frequently. The MQTT protocol was extended to handle UNSUBSCRIBE and SUBSCRIBE processing with a single step and the LBS server was revised to handle the extended protocol. Instead of directly processing SUBSCRIBE and UNSUBSCRIBE, mobile clients need to send their GPS location to the LBS server. LBS Server communicate with MQTT Broker to using extended protocol on behalf of each client. In an environment where large number of clients frequently move, the extended MQTT protocol can drastically reduce the number of messages between MQTT Broker and clients. This is mainly because clients do not need to issue SUBSCRIBE and UNSUBSCRIBE request to MQTT Broker. In addition, in contrast to our previous study where clients receive new administrative area name after sending its GPS location to LBS server, in this research, using extended MQTT protocol, mobile clients do not need to receive new administrative name even though they move across different district areas and as a result, the number of message exchanges can also be reduced. The LBS system applying the extended MQTT protocol can be used as a real-time location-based information service for large-scale mobile devices, such as real-time pedestrian population and vehicle traffic analysis, and location-based message delivery.
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Narita, Masahiko, Makiko Shimamura, Sadao Yashiro, Kazunori Iwasa, and Toru Yamaguchi. "Verifying the Reliability of Web Services Interactions for the Robot Communication Platform." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 12, no. 1 (January 20, 2008): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2008.p0077.
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As Loosely Coupled Robot Communication and the common robot service platform using Web Services gain acceptance, the multi-vendor/multi-implementation environment is becoming increasingly disseminated and interoperability increasingly critical. In contrast Reliable messaging is a key to such Web Services-based systems, but no openly available verification suite currently exists for this technology. We discuss requirements of conformance and interoperability tests for Web Services reliability, and report results of coverage tests and application-driven tests using the verification suite we developed for reliable messaging. This suite verified implementations conforming to WS-Reliability, a reliable message specification. It also proves that application-driven tests requiring neither test program installation nor probe, effectively ensure interoperability in actual application together with common robot service platform implementation.
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Konstantinidis, George, Adriane Chapman, Mark J. Weal, Ahmed Alzubaidi, Lisa M. Ballard, and Anneke M. Lucassen. "The Need for Machine-Processable Agreements in Health Data Management." Algorithms 13, no. 4 (April 7, 2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13040087.
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Data processing agreements in health data management are laid out by organisations in monolithic “Terms and Conditions” documents written in natural legal language. These top-down policies usually protect the interest of the service providers, rather than the data owners. They are coarse-grained and do not allow for more than a few opt-in or opt-out options for individuals to express their consent on personal data processing, and these options often do not transfer to software as they were intended to. In this paper, we study the problem of health data sharing and we advocate the need for individuals to describe their personal contract of data usage in a formal, machine-processable language. We develop an application for sharing patient genomic information and test results, and use interactions with patients and clinicians in order to identify the particular peculiarities a privacy/policy/consent language should offer in this complicated domain. We present how Semantic Web technologies can have a central role in this approach by providing the formal tools and features required in such a language. We present our ongoing approach to construct an ontology-based framework and a policy language that allows patients and clinicians to express fine-grained consent, preferences or suggestions on sharing medical information. Our language offers unique features such as multi-party ownership of data or data sharing dependencies. We evaluate the landscape of policy languages from different areas, and show how they are lacking major requirements needed in health data management. In addition to enabling patients, our approach helps organisations increase technological capabilities, abide by legal requirements, and save resources.
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Petry, Frederick, Roy Ladner, Kalyan Moy Gupta, Philip Moore, and David W. Aha. "Design of an Integrated Web Services Brokering System." International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering 4, no. 3 (July 2009): 58–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitwe.2009100604.
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This article describes an Integrated Web Services Brokering System (IWB) to support the automated discovery and application integration of Web Services. In contrast to more static broker approaches that deal with specific data servers, our approach creates a dynamic knowledge base from Web Service interface specifications. This assists with brokering of requests to multiple data providers even when those providers have not implemented a community standard interface or have implemented different versions of a community standard interface. A specific context we illustrate here is the domain of meteorological and oceanographic (MetOc) Web Services. Our approach includes the use of specific domain ontologies and has evaluated the use of case-based classification in the IWB to support automated Web Services discovery. It was also demonstrated that the mediation approach could be extended to OGC Web Coverage Services.
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Padovani, Luca. "Contract-based discovery of Web services modulo simple orchestrators." Theoretical Computer Science 411, no. 37 (August 2010): 3328–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2010.05.002.
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Halle, Sylvain, and Roger Villemaire. "Runtime Enforcement of Web Service Message Contracts with Data." IEEE Transactions on Services Computing 5, no. 2 (April 2012): 192–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2011.10.
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Kozlenko, E. Yu, and N. Yu Vaytsekhovich. "Library and Information Education in the Digital Age: Students’ Expectations." Bibliosphere, no. 2 (April 25, 2022): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2022-2-28-37.
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In the context of an evolving digital environment of library education, it is important to study the needs and expectations of students as participants of the educational process and the direct consumers of educational services. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey of students studying on the specialty “Library and Information Activities” at the Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts. The objective of the survey was to determine the students’ vision of new trends in educational practice and the prospects for the development of library education associated with digitalization. The study was conducted by the working group as a part of the contract research “Explore trends and ways of development of library and information education in the digital age”. The survey touched upon such research areas as a promising vector for the development of library education, students’ readiness for library activities in a digital environment, and the use of information and communication technologies in the learning process. It was found that the students consider the information and technological courses as a promising vector for the development of library education (information courses as the basis for training). In the courses taught at the Faculty of Information and Document Communications, students would like to focus on remote user service, programming, data analytics, digital technologies, neural networks, nanotechnologies, digital marketing, web design basics, the creation and design of electronic resources, the basics of working with graphic editors and other. Assessing the importance of various types of library work in the digital environment, students marked “Working with electronic catalogs and databases” as the most important one. Least of all, students consider themselves ready for the “Work to create electronic information resources” and “Work to provide access to electronic information resources”. In the process of distance learning during the epidemic COVID-19, the greatest difficulty was the increase of the workload, the complication of the learning process. Of less significance were the technical communication problems. А set of measures from the viewpoint of students to improve the quality and competitive advantages of library and information education in the digital age is defined.
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Badrabadi, Ali Habibi, Mohammad Jafar Tarokh, and Shahriar Mohammadi. "Service Oriented Enterprise and Contracted Profit Sharing." International Journal of Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering 2, no. 2 (April 2011): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jssoe.2011040105.
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Service Oriented Enterprises (SOEs) outsource their functionalities via third party web services. Therefore, there is a need for a systematic approach to manage the cooperation of the services. SOEs perform their functionalities in an extremely dynamic environment. Changes that happen to a SOE are categorized in two types: top-down changes and bottom-up changes. This paper considers top-down changes which are initiated by SOE’s management. In order to manage a top-down change, the SOE’s management should consider the possible conflicting interests of the different parties. This study finds a situation in which none of the services have to incur losses. Consequently, this paper proposes ex-ante contracted profit sharing principles that can attract the services to the change. The problem is modeled and Security improvement is discussed as an example to describe this approach.
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de las Heras-Rosas, Carlos, Juan Herrera, and Mercedes Rodríguez-Fernández. "Organisational Commitment in Healthcare Systems: A Bibliometric Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 2271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052271.
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Business organisations are subject to high pressure to ensure their sustainability and competitiveness. In the case of healthcare institutions, moreover, there are unique characteristics where human resource management is of vital importance. The workforce in these institutions is at a critical moment where the shortages of qualified staff, burnout, or job dissatisfaction represent some of the detrimental aspects for the performance of the organisation, and more importantly, they diminish the quality of patient care. The promotion of organisational commitment is positioned as one of the tools that organisations have to face this problem. This paper aims to increase knowledge about research trends that analyse organisational commitment in healthcare institutions. To this end, using bibliometric techniques, a sample of 448 publications on this subject from journals indexed in Web of Science between 1992 and 2020 is analysed. The results obtained suggest a growing interest in this subject and a visible concern for the management of human resources in these institutions. Research has focussed mainly on organisational factors related to nursing staff. The most analysed topics have been job satisfaction, the implications of stress and high turnover, burnout syndrome, and the possibility of leaving the job. On the other hand, issues emerged such as empowerment in the workplace and others related to organisational management such as quality of service or performance. Finally, there is a lack of research that deals more deeply with other groups working in health centres, such as doctors or administrative staff. There is also a need for further development in the analysis of the implications of the ideological psychological contract in relation to normative organisational commitment in the field of healthcare organisations. The contribution of this work focusses on expanding knowledge about commitment in healthcare organisations and creating points of support for future research as well as helping healthcare managers make decisions in HR management.
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NIXON, LYNDON J. B., ELENA SIMPERL, RETO KRUMMENACHER, and FRANCISCO MARTIN-RECUERDA. "Tuplespace-based computing for the Semantic Web: a survey of the state-of-the-art." Knowledge Engineering Review 23, no. 2 (June 2008): 181–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888907001221.
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AbstractSemantic technologies promise to solve many challenging problems of the present Web applications. As they achieve a feasible level of maturity, they become increasingly accepted in various business settings at enterprise level. By contrast, their usability in open environments such as the Web—with respect to issues such as scalability, dynamism and openness—still requires additional investigation. In particular, Semantic Web services have inherited the Web service communication model, which is primarily based on synchronous message exchange technology such as remote procedure call (RPC), thus being incompatible with the REST (REpresentational State Transfer) architectural model of the Web. Recent advances in the field of middleware propose ‘semantic tuplespace computing’ as an instrument for coping with this situation. Arguing that truly Web-compliant Web service communication should be based, analogously to the conventional Web, on shared access to persistently published data instead of message passing, space-based middleware introduces a coordination infrastructure by means of which services can exchange information in a time- and reference-decoupled manner. In this article, we introduce the most important approaches in this newly emerging field. Our objective is to analyze and compare the solutions proposed so far, thus giving an account of the current state-of-the-art, and identifying new directions of research and development.
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Rong, Jia, Gang Li, and Rob Law. "A contrast analysis of online hotel web service purchasers and browsers." International Journal of Hospitality Management 28, no. 3 (September 2009): 466–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.02.002.
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Kuo, David Chien Liang, Adam W. C. Liao, and Morca M. Y. Tsai. "The Moderating Effect of Usage Experience on the Antecedents and Consequences of Customer Satisfaction: The Case of Non-Profit Organizations Offering Web Services." Advanced Materials Research 601 (December 2012): 599–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.601.599.
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The purpose of this study is to test the moderating effect of usage experience on antecedents to customer satisfaction, as well as that on the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty. A survey (n=1,092) was conducted on members from one of the biggest websites for non-profit barter market services in Taiwan. Our results show that the relationship among service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty differ for consumers with more usage experience and those with less usage experience. Implications indicate that non-profit organizations that plan to offer web services should develop and provide services to high- and low-experience customers with different focus and strategy. In particular, they may start with their innovation and improvement for enhancing service assurance and reliability. In contrast, issues relevant to service delivery and other quality dimensions may regard as design topics for retaining experienced customers.
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Arya, Mukesh Kumar, and Namit Gupta. "Adoptive Cloud Application in Semantic Web." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 2, no. 2 (2014): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.221407.
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Cloud computing has been envisioned as the next-generation architecture of IT enterprise. In contrast to traditional solutions, where the IT services are under proper physical, logical and personnel controls, cloud computing moves the application software and databases to the large data centers, where the management of the data and services may not be fully trustworthy. This unique attribute, however, poses many new security challenges which have not been well understood. In this article, we focus on cloud data storage security, which has always been an important aspect of quality of service. To ensure the correctness of users' data in the cloud, we propose an effective and flexible distributed scheme with two salient features, opposing to its predecessors. By utilizing the homomorphic token with distributed verification of erasure-coded data, our scheme achieves the integration of storage correctness insurance and data error localization, i.e., the identification of misbehaving server (s). Unlike most prior works, the new scheme further supports secure and efficient dynamic operations on data blocks, including: data update, delete and append. Extensive security and performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme is highly efficient and resilient against Byzantine failure, malicious data modification attack, and even server colluding attacks.
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Tuglular, Tugkan, Fevzi Belli, and Michael Linschulte. "Input Contract Testing of Graphical User Interfaces." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 26, no. 02 (March 2016): 183–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194016500091.
Full textAbstract:
User inputs are critical for the security, safety, and reliability of software systems. This paper proposes a new concept called user input contracts, which is an integral part of a design-by-contract supplemented development process, and a model-based testing approach to detect violations of user input contracts. The approach generates test cases from an input contract integrated with graph-based model of user interface specification and applies them to the system under consideration. The paper presents a proof-of-concept tool that has been developed and used to validate the approach by experiments. The experiments are conducted on a web-based system for marketing tourist services to analyze input robustness of system under consideration with respect to user input contracts.