Relevant bibliographies by topics / Web-based annotation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Web-based annotation'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Web-based annotation"

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Rau, Pei-Luen Patrick, and Sho-Hsen Chen. "A Study of Electronic Annotation on Web Documents." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 5 (September 2002): 680–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204600517.

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This study develops an electronic annotation system, allowing users to annotate on hypertexts, to build up knowledge structure, and to browse instructions provided by the system administrator or the instructor electronically. The electronic annotation system is a distributed World Wide Web application based on HTTP access and allows annotations on HTML documents. The major functions of the electronic annotation system include highlighting texts, inserting and editing annotations, and organizing and presenting annotations hierarchically. The five interactive components of the electronic annotation system are Main Tool Bar, Hypertext, Annotation Editor, Hierarchy Viewer, and Instruction Viewer. A user test was conducted to investigate the effect of the location of electronic annotating (Annotation Editor) on reading performance in terms of recall and degree of satisfaction.
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Hori, Masahiro, Goh Kondoh, Kouichi Ono, Shin-ichi Hirose, and Sandeep Singhal. "Annotation-based Web content transcoding." Computer Networks 33, no. 1-6 (June 2000): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-1286(00)00068-2.

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Jindia, Anjali, and Sonal Chawla. "ANNOTATIONS IN E-LEARNING." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 12, no. 9 (February 18, 2014): 3852–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v12i9.2825.

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Web-based learning has become an important way to enhance learning and teaching, offering many learning opportunities. A limitation of current Web-based learning is the restricted ability of students to personalize and annotate the learning materials. Providing personalized tools and analyzing some types of learning behavior, such as students’ annotation, has attracted attention as a means to enhance Web-based learning. There has been a sharp increase in the volume and quality of electronic publishing on the web in the past few years. Many research journals are going on-line. The advantages of pelectronic publishing are obvious and enormous: instantaneous access to archives, paperless media and fast document search to name a few. However, annotation of documents in electronic form has been surprisingly underdeveloped. Existing word processing software offers some tools for electronic document annotation. But as of today, these annotation features are so modest and limited, that they lose out to the convenient common practice of working with paper versions of documents [1]. The results of a surveys conducted came as no surprise: the absolute majority of researchers and students prefer to print out an electronic paper before reading and annotating it. Our claim is that electronic annotations can not only be as convenient as their paper counterparts, but they are superior in terms of the additional advanced capabilities they can offer. This claim makes the basis of our Annotation Technology (AT). AT is a set of principles that form a foundation for development of advanced and successful electronic annotation systems.
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Mazhoud, Omar, Anis Kalboussi, and Ahmed Hadj Kacem. "Educational Recommender System based on Learner’s Annotative Activity." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 16, no. 10 (May 25, 2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i10.19955.

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In recent years, Educational Recommender Systems (ERSs) have attracted great attention as a solution towards addressing the problem of information overload in e-learning environments and providing relevant recommendations to online learners. These systems play a key role in helping learners to find educational resources relevant and pertinent to their profiles and context. So, it is necessary to identify information that helps learner’s profile definition and in identifying requests and interests. In this context, we suggest to take advantage of the annotation activity used usually in the learning context for different purposes and which may reflect certain learner’s characteristics useful as input data for the recommendation process. Therefore, we propose an educational recommender system of web services based on learner’s annotative activity to assist him in his learning activity. This process of recommendation is founded on two preparatory phases: the phase of modelling learner’s personality profile through analysis of annotation digital traces in learning environment realized through a profile constructor module and the phase of discovery of web services which can meet the goals of annotations made by learner via the web service discovery module. The evaluation of the developed annotation based recommendation system through empirical studies realized on groups of learners based on the Student’s t-test showed significant results.
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Kerui, Chen, Wanli Zuo, Fengling He, Yongheng Chen, and Ying Wang. "Data extraction and annotation based on domain-specific ontology evolution for deep web." Computer Science and Information Systems 8, no. 3 (2011): 673–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis101011023k.

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Deep web respond to a user query result records encoded in HTML files. Data extraction and data annotation, which are important for many applications, extracts and annotates the record from the HTML pages. We proposed an domain-specific ontology based data extraction and annotation technique; we first construct mini-ontology for specific domain according to information of query interface and query result pages; then, use constructed mini-ontology for identifying data areas and mapping data annotations in data extraction; in order to adapt to new sample set, mini-ontology will evolve dynamically based on data extraction and data annotation. Experimental results demonstrate that this method has higher precision and recall in data extraction and data annotation.
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Bryan-Kinns, Nick. "Annotating Distributed Scores for Mutual Engagement in Daisyphone and Beyond." Leonardo Music Journal 21 (December 2011): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj_a_00061.

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Written and drawn annotations of musical scores form a core part of the music composition process for both individuals and groups. This article reflects on the annotations made in new forms of distributed music-making wherein the score and its annotations are shared across the web. Four kinds of annotation are identified from 8 years of studies of mutual engagement through distributed music-making systems. It is suggested that new forms of web-based music-making might benefit from shared and persistent graphical annotation mechanisms.
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Saklofske, Jon. "brat Rapid Annotation Tool. Web-based annotation and visualization tool." Renaissance and Reformation 42, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1065133ar.

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Rydell, Christopher, and Joakim Lindblad. "CytoBrowser: a browser-based collaborative annotation platform for whole slide images." F1000Research 10 (March 22, 2021): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51916.1.

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We present CytoBrowser, an open-source (GPLv3) JavaScript and Node.js driven environment for fast and accessible collaborative online visualization, assessment, and annotation of very large microscopy images, including, but not limited to, z-stacks (focus stacks) of cytology or histology whole slide images. CytoBrowser provides a web-based viewer for high-resolution zoomable images and facilitates easy remote collaboration, with options for joint-view visualization and simultaneous collaborative annotation of very large datasets. It delivers a unique combination of functionalities not found in other software solutions, making it a preferred tool for large scale annotation of whole slide image data. The web browser interface is directly accessible on any modern computer or even on a mobile phone, without need for additional software. By sharing a "session", several remote users can interactively explore and jointly annotate whole slide image data, thereby reaching improved data understanding and annotation quality, effortless project scaling and distribution of resources to/from remote locations, efficient creation of "ground truth" annotations for methods' evaluation and training of machine learning-based approaches, a user-friendly learning environment for medical students, to just name a few. Rectangle and polygon region annotations complement point-based annotations, each with a selectable annotation-class as well as free-form text fields. The default setting of CytoBrowser presents an interface for the Bethesda cancer grading system, while other annotation schemes can easily be incorporated. Automatic server side storage of annotations is complemented by JSON-based import/export options facilitating easy interoperability with other tools. CytoBrowser is available here: https://mida-group.github.io/CytoBrowser/.
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Lee, Eduardo, Gregg A. Helt, Justin T. Reese, Monica C. Munoz-Torres, Chris P. Childers, Robert M. Buels, Lincoln Stein, Ian H. Holmes, Christine G. Elsik, and Suzanna E. Lewis. "Web Apollo: a web-based genomic annotation editing platform." Genome Biology 14, no. 8 (2013): R93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2013-14-8-r93.

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Islamaj, Rezarta, Dongseop Kwon, Sun Kim, and Zhiyong Lu. "TeamTat: a collaborative text annotation tool." Nucleic Acids Research 48, W1 (May 8, 2020): W5—W11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa333.

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Abstract Manually annotated data is key to developing text-mining and information-extraction algorithms. However, human annotation requires considerable time, effort and expertise. Given the rapid growth of biomedical literature, it is paramount to build tools that facilitate speed and maintain expert quality. While existing text annotation tools may provide user-friendly interfaces to domain experts, limited support is available for figure display, project management, and multi-user team annotation. In response, we developed TeamTat (https://www.teamtat.org), a web-based annotation tool (local setup available), equipped to manage team annotation projects engagingly and efficiently. TeamTat is a novel tool for managing multi-user, multi-label document annotation, reflecting the entire production life cycle. Project managers can specify annotation schema for entities and relations and select annotator(s) and distribute documents anonymously to prevent bias. Document input format can be plain text, PDF or BioC (uploaded locally or automatically retrieved from PubMed/PMC), and output format is BioC with inline annotations. TeamTat displays figures from the full text for the annotator's convenience. Multiple users can work on the same document independently in their workspaces, and the team manager can track task completion. TeamTat provides corpus quality assessment via inter-annotator agreement statistics, and a user-friendly interface convenient for annotation review and inter-annotator disagreement resolution to improve corpus quality.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Web-based annotation"

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Rodriguez, Henrry. "Designing, evaluating and exploring Web-based tools for collaborative annotation of documents." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, NADA, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3552.

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This thesis explores the use of the World Wide Web asinfrastructure for collaboration among small or middle sizedgroups. A collection of Web-based tools has been developed,whose main characteristic is that they allow users to makeannotations to shared documents. These Web annotations form adialogue that is persistent and immediately accessible to theusers. Special interest has been devoted to observing howcollaborators make use of a common space where Web-documents aswell as Web-annotations are organized and stored. This commonspace has been called a domain.

We have also tried a novel method for the design ofcollaborative Web-based systems, called“designing frominside”. It is based on communication between the usersand the designer in the form of a dialogue, which is generatedand presented“inside”the system that is beingdeveloped. In this way, users can make comments about theirexperience using the tool while in the appropriate context.Comments by the users as well as the designer's replies areshared with other users. In this way the users become involvedunobtrusively in the design process of the tool.

One of the tools, DHS, has been used in longitudinal studieswithin courses where students also met regularly in theclassroom. In one contextthe students used the DHS as adiscussion or annotation tool for documents that they hadwritten. Within this framework, we also explored how secondlanguage students collaboratively made use of the tool toaccomplish a task that is normally done individually (readingcomprehension).

Col·lecció is the latest version of the DHS. Themost important change in this tool is that users can add theWeb-documents to the domain themselves. This gives a newperspective to the tools because it can work as a collectivebookmark system. This system has been used in three casestudies in which a distributed and co-located group discussed acollection of Web-documents.

Another system in the family is Col·laboració,which is oriented to supporting collaborative writing tasks. Itfocuses primarily on the communication needs co-authors mighthave around a shared document that is being produced. Thesystem also allows for on-line revision and for generatingversions of the document. This system has been used in 8 casestudies, where we have observed the users’interaction andexplored the possibilities that the Web offers to collaborativewriting. For example, co-authors can use the commenting spaceas a“window to the Web”, as the Web provides a hugeamount of information that can be relevant during the writingprocess.

One of the characteristics of all these tools is that theypresent the comments in chronological order. No threadingmechanism is used, although several users have requested athreaded presentation of the comments. This design choice isbased on the belief that with threading of comments, the focusof the discussion could drastically divert from its originaltopic, the document. In our observations, a dual discoursecontext is often found in the comments referring both to aprevious comment and to the shared document. To facilitateorientation in the discussions, we have also developed avisualization tool called Domain Interactivity Diagram (DID),designed to work together with the other systems.

The studies show that the Web offers a suitableinfrastructure for text-based discussions in which the documentcan be given a prime role. It also emerged that the integrationof email was appreciated by users mainly because it wasconsidered as a reminder of the task. In educational settings,students valued the possibility to go through many exampleswritten by other students in comparison with the traditionalway. Also the dialogue formed by the comments was astraightforward way to promote collaboration amongstudents.

WWW, discussion, annotation, design, writing, collaborativework, asynchronous communication, text-based communication.

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Hatem, Muna Salman. "A framework for semantic web implementation based on context-oriented controlled automatic annotation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3207.

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The Semantic Web is the vision of the future Web. Its aim is to enable machines to process Web documents in a way that makes it possible for the computer software to "understand" the meaning of the document contents. Each document on the Semantic Web is to be enriched with meta-data that express the semantics of its contents. Many infrastructures, technologies and standards have been developed and have proven their theoretical use for the Semantic Web, yet very few applications have been created. Most of the current Semantic Web applications were developed for research purposes. This project investigates the major factors restricting the wide spread of Semantic Web applications. We identify the two most important requirements for a successful implementation as the automatic production of the semantically annotated document, and the creation and maintenance of semantic based knowledge base. This research proposes a framework for Semantic Web implementation based on context-oriented controlled automatic Annotation; for short, we called the framework the Semantic Web Implementation Framework (SWIF) and the system that implements this framework the Semantic Web Implementation System (SWIS). The proposed architecture provides for a Semantic Web implementation of stand-alone websites that automatically annotates Web pages before being uploaded to the Intranet or Internet, and maintains persistent storage of Resource Description Framework (RDF) data for both the domain memory, denoted by Control Knowledge, and the meta-data of the Web site's pages. We believe that the presented implementation of the major parts of SWIS introduce a competitive system with current state of art Annotation tools and knowledge management systems; this is because it handles input documents in the ii context in which they are created in addition to the automatic learning and verification of knowledge using only the available computerized corporate databases. In this work, we introduce the concept of Control Knowledge (CK) that represents the application's domain memory and use it to verify the extracted knowledge. Learning is based on the number of occurrences of the same piece of information in different documents. We introduce the concept of Verifiability in the context of Annotation by comparing the extracted text's meaning with the information in the CK and the use of the proposed database table Verifiability_Tab. We use the linguistic concept Thematic Role in investigating and identifying the correct meaning of words in text documents, this helps correct relation extraction. The verb lexicon used contains the argument structure of each verb together with the thematic structure of the arguments. We also introduce a new method to chunk conjoined statements and identify the missing subject of the produced clauses. We use the semantic class of verbs that relates a list of verbs to a single property in the ontology, which helps in disambiguating the verb in the input text to enable better information extraction and Annotation. Consequently we propose the following definition for the annotated document or what is sometimes called the 'Intelligent Document' 'The Intelligent Document is the document that clearly expresses its syntax and semantics for human use and software automation'. This work introduces a promising improvement to the quality of the automatically generated annotated document and the quality of the automatically extracted information in the knowledge base. Our approach in the area of using Semantic Web iii technology opens new opportunities for diverse areas of applications. E-Learning applications can be greatly improved and become more effective.
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Ayuso, Anna Maria E. "Automation of Drosophila gene expression pattern image annotation : development of web-based image annotation tool and application of machine learning methods." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66403.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-92).
Large-scale in situ hybridization screens are providing an abundance of spatio-temporal patterns of gene expression data that is valuable for understanding the mechanisms of gene regulation. Drosophila gene expression pattern images have been generated by the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) for over 7,000 genes in over 90,000 digital images. These images are currently hand curated by field experts with developmental and anatomical terms based on the stained regions. These annotations enable the integration of spatial expression patterns with other genomic data sets that link regulators with their downstream targets. However, the manual curation has become a bottleneck in the process of analyzing the rapidly generated data therefore it is necessary to explore computational methods for the curation of gene expression pattern images. This thesis addresses improving the manual annotation process with a web-based image annotation tool and also enabling automation of the process using machine learning methods. First, a tool called LabelLife was developed to provide a systematic and flexible way of annotating images, groups of images, and shapes within images using terms from a controlled vocabulary. Second, machine learning methods for automatically predicting vocabulary terms for a given image based on image feature data were explored and implemented. The results of the applied machine learning methods are promising in terms of predictive ability, which has the potential to simplify and expedite the curation process hence increasing the rate that biologically significant data can be evaluated and new insights can be gained.
by Anna Maria E. Ayuso.
M.Eng.
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Al, Asswad Mohammad Mourhaf. "Semantic information systems engineering : a query-based approach for semi-automatic annotation of web services." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5441.

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There has been an increasing interest in Semantic Web services (SWS) as a proposed solution to facilitate automatic discovery, composition and deployment of existing syntactic Web services. Successful implementation and wider adoption of SWS by research and industry are, however, profoundly based on the existence of effective and easy to use methods for service semantic description. Unfortunately, Web service semantic annotation is currently performed by manual means. Manual annotation is a difficult, error-prone and time-consuming task and few approaches exist aiming to semi-automate that task. Existing approaches are difficult to use since they require ontology building. Moreover, these approaches employ ineffective matching methods and suffer from the Low Percentage Problem. The latter problem happens when a small number of service elements - in comparison to the total number of elements – are annotated in a given service. This research addresses the Web services annotation problem by developing a semi-automatic annotation approach that allows SWS developers to effectively and easily annotate their syntactic services. The proposed approach does not require application ontologies to model service semantics. Instead, a standard query template is used: This template is filled with data and semantics extracted from WSDL files in order to produce query instances. The input of the annotation approach is the WSDL file of a candidate service and a set of ontologies. The output is an annotated WSDL file. The proposed approach is composed of five phases: (1) Concept extraction; (2) concept filtering and query filling; (3) query execution; (4) results assessment; and (5) SAWSDL annotation. The query execution engine makes use of name-based and structural matching techniques. The name-based matching is carried out by CN-Match which is a novel matching method and tool that is developed and evaluated in this research. The proposed annotation approach is evaluated using a set of existing Web services and ontologies. Precision (P), Recall (R), F-Measure (F) and Percentage of annotated elements are used as evaluation metrics. The evaluation reveals that the proposed approach is effective since - in relation to manual results - accurate and almost complete annotation results are obtained. In addition, high percentage of annotated elements is achieved using the proposed approach because it makes use of effective ontology extension mechanisms.
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Chan, Wun Wa. "A study of social annotation tool in facilitating collaborative inquiry learning." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2018. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/514.

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In twenty-first (21st) century tertiary education, undergraduate study is intended to not only to teach the subject knowledge through direct instruction or lecturing, but also to cultivate and foster students' skills and literacies to suit societal needs. For this reason, it is increasingly important to introduce new teaching and learning (T&L) strategies and web applications (apps) into students' undergraduate study. The introduction of collaborative inquiry learning (CIL) is intended to enhance students' communication and collaboration skills throughout their learning. In addition, by introducing social annotation (SoAn) tools, students are able to bookmark, highlight, annotate, share, discuss, and collaborate on information sources collected by students for their collaborative inquiry learning assignments (CILA). In this study, a self-developed SoAn tool known as the Web Annotation and Sharing Platform (WASP) was introduced to investigate how the SoAn tool can facilitate students' CIL. The study included 377 students (freshmen or sophomores) from three different courses at a Hong Kong University, Hong Kong Christian University. A mixed-method research approach was employed using four data collection methods. Quantitative data were collected from all participating students through a questionnaire survey, WASP log file (students' actions on WASP), and CILA marks. Furthermore, qualitative data were gathered from selected students in individual face-to-face interviews. The study aimed to ascertain how students integrate and use the SoAn tool in their CIL. This study also investigated whether students think a SoAn tool is useful and effective for their CIL. Moreover, this study examined the correlations between students' perceptions of CIL and WASP, usage of WASP, and their CILA mark. Finally, this study examined the challenges students encountered when they integrate and use WASP in their CIL. The results reveal that the integration and usage of a SoAn tool were concentrated in the early stages of students' CIL. Furthermore, the results illustrated how the 'able other (s)' arise in the CIL group to provide information sources that initiate the discussion and collaboration among group members. Based upon the student perceptions collected in this study, the results suggested that students agreed that the WASP functions were useful and effective for CIL in courses that teach elementary Information and Communications Technology knowledge content (ICT-related courses). Moreover, student perceptions on the WASP functions highly correlated with their perceptions of CL before this study and any respective group process experiences. The results also indicated that students' perceptions, SoAn tool usage and learning outcomes (CILA mark) are not correlated, there is a higher chance of reaching correlation between the perceived usefulness of the WASP functions and their CILA mark in ICT-related courses. Lastly, the results suggested that low motivation for learning and using a SoAn tool, the functionality and recognition of a SoAn tool, and methods of processing, discussing, and collaborating on collected information sources were the challenges encountered when students integrate and use a SoAn tool in their CIL. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed in Chapter 8. Directions for future research and suggestions are provided, which includes introducing SoAn tools in ICT-related courses and enhancing the functions of SoAn tools both for better user experiences and research purposes.
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Vicient, Monllaó Carlos. "Moving towards the semantic web: enabling new technologies through the semantic annotation of social contents." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285334.

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La Web Social ha causat un creixement exponencial dels continguts disponibles deixant enormes quantitats de recursos textuals electrònics que sovint aclaparen els usuaris. Aquest volum d’informació és d’interès per a la comunitat de mineria de dades. Els algorismes de mineria de dades exploten característiques de les entitats per tal de categoritzar-les, agrupar-les o classificar-les segons la seva semblança. Les dades per si mateixes no aporten cap mena de significat: han de ser interpretades per esdevenir informació. Els mètodes tradicionals de mineria de dades no tenen com a objectiu “entendre” el contingut d’un recurs, sinó que extreuen valors numèrics els quals esdevenen models en aplicar-hi càlculs estadístics, que només cobren sentit sota l’anàlisi manual d’un expert. Els darrers anys, motivat per la Web Semàntica, molts investigadors han proposat mètodes semàntics de classificació de dades capaços d’explotar recursos textuals a nivell conceptual. Malgrat això, normalment aquests mètodes depenen de recursos anotats prèviament per poder interpretar semànticament el contingut d’un document. L’ús d’aquests mètodes està estretament relacionat amb l’associació de dades i el seu significat. Aquest treball es centra en el desenvolupament d’una metodologia genèrica capaç de detectar els trets més rellevants d’un recurs textual descobrint la seva associació semàntica, es a dir, enllaçant-los amb conceptes modelats a una ontologia, i detectant els principals temes de discussió. Els mètodes proposats són no supervisats per evitar el coll d’ampolla generat per l’anotació manual, independents del domini (aplicables a qualsevol àrea de coneixement) i flexibles (capaços d’analitzar recursos heterogenis: documents textuals o documents semi-estructurats com els articles de la Viquipèdia o les publicacions de Twitter). El treball ha estat avaluat en els àmbits turístic i mèdic. Per tant, aquesta dissertació és un primer pas cap a l'anotació semàntica automàtica de documents necessària per possibilitar el camí cap a la visió de la Web Semàntica.
La Web Social ha provocado un crecimiento exponencial de los contenidos disponibles, dejando enormes cantidades de recursos electrónicos que a menudo abruman a los usuarios. Tal volumen de información es de interés para la comunidad de minería de datos. Los algoritmos de minería de datos explotan características de las entidades para categorizarlas, agruparlas o clasificarlas según su semejanza. Los datos por sí mismos no aportan ningún significado: deben ser interpretados para convertirse en información. Los métodos tradicionales no tienen como objetivo "entender" el contenido de un recurso, sino que extraen valores numéricos que se convierten en modelos tras aplicar cálculos estadísticos, los cuales cobran sentido bajo el análisis manual de un experto. Actualmente, motivados por la Web Semántica, muchos investigadores han propuesto métodos semánticos de clasificación de datos capaces de explotar recursos textuales a nivel conceptual. Sin embargo, generalmente estos métodos dependen de recursos anotados previamente para poder interpretar semánticamente el contenido de un documento. El uso de estos métodos está estrechamente relacionado con la asociación de datos y su significado. Este trabajo se centra en el desarrollo de una metodología genérica capaz de detectar los rasgos más relevantes de un recurso textual descubriendo su asociación semántica, es decir, enlazándolos con conceptos modelados en una ontología, y detectando los principales temas de discusión. Los métodos propuestos son no supervisados para evitar el cuello de botella generado por la anotación manual, independientes del dominio (aplicables a cualquier área de conocimiento) y flexibles (capaces de analizar recursos heterogéneos: documentos textuales o documentos semi-estructurados, como artículos de la Wikipedia o publicaciones de Twitter). El trabajo ha sido evaluado en los ámbitos turístico y médico. Esta disertación es un primer paso hacia la anotación semántica automática de documentos necesaria para posibilitar el camino hacia la visión de la Web Semántica.
Social Web technologies have caused an exponential growth of the documents available through the Web, making enormous amounts of textual electronic resources available. Users may be overwhelmed by such amount of contents and, therefore, the automatic analysis and exploitation of all this information is of interest to the data mining community. Data mining algorithms exploit features of the entities in order to characterise, group or classify them according to their resemblance. Data by itself does not carry any meaning; it needs to be interpreted to convey information. Classical data analysis methods did not aim to “understand” the content and the data were treated as meaningless numbers and statistics were calculated on them to build models that were interpreted manually by human domain experts. Nowadays, motivated by the Semantic Web, many researchers have proposed semantic-grounded data classification and clustering methods that are able to exploit textual data at a conceptual level. However, they usually rely on pre-annotated inputs to be able to semantically interpret textual data such as the content of Web pages. The usability of all these methods is related to the linkage between data and its meaning. This work focuses on the development of a general methodology able to detect the most relevant features of a particular textual resource finding out their semantics (associating them to concepts modelled in ontologies) and detecting its main topics. The proposed methods are unsupervised (avoiding the manual annotation bottleneck), domain-independent (applicable to any area of knowledge) and flexible (being able to deal with heterogeneous resources: raw text documents, semi-structured user-generated documents such Wikipedia articles or short and noisy tweets). The methods have been evaluated in different fields (Tourism, Oncology). This work is a first step towards the automatic semantic annotation of documents, needed to pave the way towards the Semantic Web vision.
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Dytrych, Jaroslav. "Sémantická anotace textu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412580.

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This thesis deals with intelligent systems for support of the semantic annotation of text. It discusses the motivation for creation of such systems and state of the art in the areas of their usage. The thesis also describes newly proposed and realised annotation system which realizes advanced functions of semantic filtering and presentation of annotation suggestion alternatives in a unique way. The results of finished experiments clearly show the advantages of proposed solution. They also prove that the user interface of the annotation tools affects the annotation process. The optimisation of displayed information for the task of disambiguation of ambiguous entity names was done and proposed methods to speedup and increase of quality of the created annotations was experimentally evaluated. The comparison with the Protégé general tool has proven the benefits of created system for collaborative ontology creation which should be anchored in the text. In the conclusion, all achieved results are analysed and summarized.
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Khan, Arshad Ali. "Exploiting Linked Open Data (LoD) and Crowdsourcing-based semantic annotation & tagging in web repositories to improve and sustain relevance in search results." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/428046/.

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Online searching of multi-disciplinary web repositories is a topic of increasing importance as the number of repositories increases and the diversity of skills and backgrounds of their users widens. Earlier term-frequency based approaches have been improved by ontology-based semantic annotation, but such approaches are predominantly driven by "domain ontologies engineering first" and lack dynamicity, whereas the information is dynamic; the meaning of things changes with time; and new concepts are constantly being introduced. Further, there is no sustainable framework or method, discovered so far, which could automatically enrich the content of heterogeneous online resources for information retrieval over time. Furthermore, the methods and techniques being applied are fast becoming inadequate due to increasing data volume, concept obsolescence, and complexity and heterogeneity of content types in web repositories. In the face of such complexities, term matching alone between a query and the indexed documents will no longer fulfil complex user needs. The ever growing gap between syntax and semantics needs to be continually bridged in order to address the above issues; and ensure accurate search results retrieval, against natural language queries, despite such challenges. This thesis investigates that by domain-specific expert crowd-annotation of content, on top of the automatic semantic annotation (using Linked Open Data sources), the contemporary value of content in scientific repositories, can be continually enriched and sustained. A purpose-built annotation, indexing and searching environment has been developed and deployed to a web repository, which hosts more than 3,400 heterogeneous web documents. Based on expert crowd annotations, automatic LoD-based named entity extraction and search results evaluations, this research finds that search results retrieval, having the crowd-sourced element, performs better than those having no crowd-sourced element. This thesis also shows that a consensus can be reached between the expert and non-expert crowd-sourced annotators on annotating and tagging the content of web repositories, using the controlled vocabulary (typology) and free-text terms and keywords.
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Bedoya, Ramos Daniel. "Capturing Musical Prosody Through Interactive Audio/Visual Annotations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS698.

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Des projets de science participative (SP) ont stimulé la recherche dans plusieurs disciplines au cours des dernières années. Des citoyens scientifiques contribuent à cette recherche en effectuant des tâches cognitives, favorisant l'apprentissage, l'innovation et l'inclusion. Bien que le crowdsourcing ait servi à recueillir des annotations structurelles en musique, la SP reste sous-utilisée pour étudier l'expressivité musicale. On introduit un nouveau protocole d'annotation pour capturer la prosodie musicale, associée aux variations acoustiques introduites par les interprètes pour rendre la musique expressive. Notre méthode descendante, centrée sur l'humain, donne la priorité à l'auditeur dans la production d'annotations des fonctions prosodiques de la musique. On se concentre sur la segmentation et la proéminence, qui véhiculent la structure et l'affect. Ce protocole fournit un cadre de SP et une approche expérimentale pour réaliser des études systématiques et extensibles. On met en œuvre ce protocole d'annotation dans CosmoNote, un logiciel web personnalisable, conçu pour faciliter l'annotation de structures musicales expressives. CosmoNote permet aux utilisateurs d'interagir avec des couches visuelles, y compris la forme d'onde, les notes enregistrées, les attributs audio extraits et les caractéristiques de la partition. On peut placer des frontières de niveaux différents, des régions, des commentaires et des groupes de notes. On a mené deux études visant à améliorer le protocole et la plateforme. La première, examine l'impact des stimuli auditifs et visuels simultanés sur les frontières de segmentation. On compare les différences dans les distributions de frontières dérivées d'informations intermodales (auditives et visuelles) et unimodales (auditives ou visuelles). Les distances entre les distributions unimodales-visuelles et intermodales sont plus faibles qu'entre les distributions unimodales-auditives et intermodales. On montre que l'ajout de visuels accentue les informations clés et fournit un échafaudage cognitif aidant à marquer clairement les frontières prosodiques, bien qu'ils puissent détourner l'attention de structures spécifiques. À l'inverse, sans audio, la tâche d'annotation devient difficile, masquant des indices subtils. Malgré leur exagération ou inexactitude, les repères visuels sont essentiels pour guider les annotations de frontières en interprétation, ce qui améliore les résultats globaux. La deuxième étude utilise tous les types d'annotations de CosmoNote et analyse comment les participants annotent la prosodie musicale, avec des instructions minimales ou détaillées, dans un cadre d'annotations libres. On compare la qualité des annotations entre musiciens et non-musiciens. On évalue la composante de SP dans un cadre écologique où les participants sont totalement autonomes dans une tâche où le temps, l'attention et la patience sont valorisés. On présente trois méthodes basées sur des étiquettes d'annotation, des catégories et des propriétés communes pour analyser et agréger les données. Les résultats montrent une convergence dans les types d'annotations et les descriptions utilisées pour marquer les éléments musicaux récurrents, pour toute condition expérimentale et aptitude musicale. On propose des stratégies pour améliorer le protocole, l'agrégation des données et l'analyse dans des applications à grande échelle. Cette thèse enrichit la représentation et la compréhension des structures en musique interprétée en introduisant un protocole et une plateforme d'annotation, des expériences adaptables et des méthodes d'agrégation et d'analyse. On montre l'importance du compromis entre l'obtention de données plus simples à analyser et celle d'un contenu plus riche, capturant une pensée musicale complexe. Notre protocole peut être généralisé aux études sur les décisions d'interprétation afin d'améliorer la compréhension des choix expressifs dans l'interprétation musicale
The proliferation of citizen science projects has advanced research and knowledge across disciplines in recent years. Citizen scientists contribute to research through volunteer thinking, often by engaging in cognitive tasks using mobile devices, web interfaces, or personal computers, with the added benefit of fostering learning, innovation, and inclusiveness. In music, crowdsourcing has been applied to gather various structural annotations. However, citizen science remains underutilized in musical expressiveness studies. To bridge this gap, we introduce a novel annotation protocol to capture musical prosody, which refers to the acoustic variations performers introduce to make music expressive. Our top-down, human-centered method prioritizes the listener's role in producing annotations of prosodic functions in music. This protocol provides a citizen science framework and experimental approach to carrying out systematic and scalable studies on the functions of musical prosody. We focus on the segmentation and prominence functions, which convey structure and affect. We implement this annotation protocol in CosmoNote, a web-based, interactive, and customizable software conceived to facilitate the annotation of expressive music structures. CosmoNote gives users access to visualization layers, including the audio waveform, the recorded notes, extracted audio attributes (loudness and tempo), and score features (harmonic tension and other markings). The annotation types comprise boundaries of varying strengths, regions, comments, and note groups. We conducted two studies aimed at improving the protocol and the platform. The first study examines the impact of co-occurring auditory and visual stimuli on segmentation boundaries. We compare differences in boundary distributions derived from cross-modal (auditory and visual) vs. unimodal (auditory or visual) information. Distances between unimodal-visual and cross-modal distributions are smaller than between unimodal-auditory and cross-modal distributions. On the one hand, we show that adding visuals accentuates crucial information and provides cognitive scaffolding for accurately marking boundaries at the starts and ends of prosodic cues. However, they sometimes divert the annotator's attention away from specific structures. On the other hand, removing the audio impedes the annotation task by hiding subtle, relied-upon cues. Although visual cues may sometimes overemphasize or mislead, they are essential in guiding boundary annotations of recorded performances, often improving the aggregate results. The second study uses all CosmoNote's annotation types and analyzes how annotators, receiving either minimal or detailed protocol instructions, approach annotating musical prosody in a free-form exercise. We compare the quality of annotations between participants who are musically trained and those who are not. The citizen science component is evaluated in an ecological setting where participants are fully autonomous in a task where time, attention, and patience are valued. We present three methods based on common annotation labels, categories, and properties to analyze and aggregate the data. Results show convergence in annotation types and descriptions used to mark recurring musical elements across experimental conditions and musical abilities. We propose strategies for improving the protocol, data aggregation, and analysis in large-scale applications. This thesis contributes to representing and understanding performed musical structures by introducing an annotation protocol and platform, tailored experiments, and aggregation/analysis methods. The research shows the importance of balancing the collection of easier-to-analyze datasets and having richer content that captures complex musical thinking. Our protocol can be generalized to studies on performance decisions to improve the comprehension of expressive choices in musical performances
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Furno, Domenico. "Hybrid approaches based on computational intelligence and semantic web for distributed situation and context awareness." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/927.

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2011 - 2012
The research work focuses on Situation Awareness and Context Awareness topics. Specifically, Situation Awareness involves being aware of what is happening in the vicinity to understand how information, events, and one’s own actions will impact goals and objectives, both immediately and in the near future. Thus, Situation Awareness is especially important in application domains where the information flow can be quite high and poor decisions making may lead to serious consequences. On the other hand Context Awareness is considered a process to support user applications to adapt interfaces, tailor the set of application-relevant data, increase the precision of information retrieval, discover services, make the user interaction implicit, or build smart environments. Despite being slightly different, Situation and Context Awareness involve common problems such as: the lack of a support for the acquisition and aggregation of dynamic environmental information from the field (i.e. sensors, cameras, etc.); the lack of formal approaches to knowledge representation (i.e. contexts, concepts, relations, situations, etc.) and processing (reasoning, classification, retrieval, discovery, etc.); the lack of automated and distributed systems, with considerable computing power, to support the reasoning on a huge quantity of knowledge, extracted by sensor data. So, the thesis researches new approaches for distributed Context and Situation Awareness and proposes to apply them in order to achieve some related research objectives such as knowledge representation, semantic reasoning, pattern recognition and information retrieval. The research work starts from the study and analysis of state of art in terms of techniques, technologies, tools and systems to support Context/Situation Awareness. The main aim is to develop a new contribution in this field by integrating techniques deriving from the fields of Semantic Web, Soft Computing and Computational Intelligence. From an architectural point of view, several frameworks are going to be defined according to the multi-agent paradigm. Furthermore, some preliminary experimental results have been obtained in some application domains such as Airport Security, Traffic Management, Smart Grids and Healthcare. Finally, future challenges is going to the following directions: Semantic Modeling of Fuzzy Control, Temporal Issues, Automatically Ontology Elicitation, Extension to other Application Domains and More Experiments. [edited by author]
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Books on the topic "Web-based annotation"

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Duffin, Richard. An annotator tool for Web based documents. [s.l: The Author], 1998.

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Baldry, Anthony, and Francesca Coccetta. Web-Based Concordancing and Annotation: Self-Access Project Work and Syllabus Construction Through Structured Web Explorations. Equinox Publishing Limited, 2012.

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Baldry, Anthony, and Francesca Coccetta. Web-Based Concordancing and Annotation: Self-Access Project Work and Syllabus Construction through Structured Web Explorations. Equinox Publishing Limited, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Web-based annotation"

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Biemann, Chris, Kalina Bontcheva, Richard Eckart de Castilho, Iryna Gurevych, and Seid Muhie Yimam. "Collaborative Web-Based Tools for Multi-layer Text Annotation." In Handbook of Linguistic Annotation, 229–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0881-2_8.

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Stoyanov, Todor. "Web-Based Software Tool for Electrocardiogram Annotation." In Contemporary Methods in Bioinformatics and Biomedicine and Their Applications, 322–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96638-6_34.

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Lira, Cleber, and Paulo Caetano. "REST-Based Semantic Annotation of Web Services." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 269–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32467-8_25.

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Pereira Nunes, Bernardo, Ricardo Kawase, Stefan Dietze, Gilda Helena Bernardino de Campos, and Wolfgang Nejdl. "Annotation Tool for Enhancing E-Learning Courses." In Advances in Web-Based Learning - ICWL 2012, 51–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33642-3_6.

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Desmontils, Emmanuel, Christine Jacquin, and Ludovic Simon. "Dinosys: An Annotation Tool for Web-Based Learning." In Advances in Web-Based Learning – ICWL 2004, 59–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27859-7_8.

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Llorente, Ainhoa, Enrico Motta, and Stefan Rüger. "Image Annotation Refinement Using Web-Based Keyword Correlation." In Semantic Multimedia, 188–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10543-2_22.

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Draxler, Christoph. "WebTranscribe – An Extensible Web-Based Speech Annotation Framework." In Text, Speech and Dialogue, 61–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11551874_8.

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Asami, Kazuhiro, and Takehiro Tokuda. "Generation of Web Applications from Annotation-Based Definitions." In Engineering Information Systems in the Internet Context, 69–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35614-3_5.

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Restagno, Luca, Vincent Akkermans, Giuseppe Rizzo, and Antonio Servetti. "A Semantic Web Annotation Tool for a Web-Based Audio Sequencer." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 289–303. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22233-7_20.

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Bertini, Marco, Alberto Del Bimbo, and Giuseppe Serra. "Learning Rules for Semantic Video Event Annotation." In Visual Information Systems. Web-Based Visual Information Search and Management, 192–203. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85891-1_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Web-based annotation"

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Allegra, M., L. Seta, G. Chiazzese, G. Merlo, S. Ottaviano, G. Todaro, and A. Chifari. "Cognitive Web Annotation using Multiple Sensory Channels." In Web-based Education. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.688-024.

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Stührenberg, Maik, Daniela Goecke, Nils Diewald, Alexander Mehler, and Irene Cramer. "Web-based annotation of anaphoric relations and lexical chains." In the Linguistic Annotation Workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1642059.1642082.

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Smistad, Erik, Andreas Ostvik, and Lasse Lovstakken. "Annotation Web - An open-source web-based annotation tool for ultrasound images." In 2021 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ius52206.2021.9593336.

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Hu, PengYu, Wei Fang, and ZhiMing Cui. "Ontology-Based Deep Web Synchronous-Annotation." In 2008 ISECS International Colloquium on Computing, Communication, Control, and Management. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cccm.2008.79.

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"WEB-BASED ANNOTATION AND COLLABORATION - Electronic Document Annotation Using a Standards-compliant Web Browser." In 3rd International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001277803210329.

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Di Martino, Beniamino, Antonio Esposito, Stefania Nacchia, and Salvatore Augusto Maisto. "Semantic annotation of BPMN." In iiWAS '15: The 17th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Application & Services. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2837185.2837257.

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Yuan, Bo, Qing-Cai Chen, Xiao-Long Wang, and Li-Bo Liu. "Semantic annotation based financial web information reorganization." In 2010 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2010.5580681.

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Asakawa, Chieko, and Hironobu Takagi. "Annotation-based transcoding for nonvisual web access." In the fourth international ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/354324.354588.

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Jing, Jinbiao, Xiangfeng Luo, Junyu Xuan, and Weidong Liu. "Cognition-Based Semantic Annotation for Web Images." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Big Data and Cloud Computing (BdCloud). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bdcloud.2014.65.

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Rui, Xiaoguang, Nenghai Yu, Taifeng Wang, and Mingjing Li. "A Search-Based Web Image Annotation Method." In Multimedia and Expo, 2007 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2007.4284735.

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Reports on the topic "Web-based annotation"

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Fluhr, Robert, and Volker Brendel. Harnessing the genetic diversity engendered by alternative gene splicing. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7696517.bard.

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Our original objectives were to assess the unexplored dimension of alternative splicing as a source of genetic variation. In particular, we sought to initially establish an alternative splicing database for Arabidopsis, the only plant for which a near-complete genome has been assembled. Our goal was to then use the database, in part, to advance plant gene prediction programs that are currently a limiting factor in annotating genomic sequence data and thus will facilitate the exploitation of the ever increasing quantity of raw genomic data accumulating for plants. Additionally, the database was to be used to generate probes for establishing high-throughput alternative transcriptome analysis in the form of a splicing-specific oligonucleotide microarray. We achieved the first goal and established a database and web site termed Alternative Splicing In Plants (ASIP, http://www.plantgdb.org/ASIP/). We also thoroughly reviewed the extent of alternative splicing in plants (Arabidopsis and rice) and proposed mechanisms for transcript processing. We noted that the repertoire of plant alternative splicing differs from that encountered in animals. For example, intron retention turned out to be the major type. This surprising development was proven by direct RNA isolation techniques. We further analyzed EST databases available from many plants and developed a process to assess their alternative splicing rate. Our results show that the lager genome-sized plant species have enhanced rates of alternative splicing. We did advance gene prediction accuracy in plants by incorporating scoring for non-canonical introns. Our data and programs are now being used in the continuing annotation of plant genomes of agronomic importance, including corn, soybean, and tomato. Based on the gene annotation data developed in the early part of the project, it turned out that specific probes for different exons could not be scaled up to a large array because no uniform hybridization conditions could be found. Therefore, we modified our original objective to design and produce an oligonucleotide microarray for probing alternative splicing and realized that it may be reasonable to investigate the extent of alternative splicing using novel commercial whole genome arrays. This possibility was directly examined by establishing algorithms for the analysis of such arrays. The predictive value of the algorithms was then shown by isolation and verification of alternative splicing predictions from the published whole genome array databases. The BARD-funded work provides a significant advance in understanding the extent and possible roles of alternative splicing in plants as well as a foundation for advances in computational gene prediction.
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Rodriguez Muxica, Natalia. Open configuration options Bioinformatics for Researchers in Life Sciences: Tools and Learning Resources. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003982.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that bioinformatics--a multidisciplinary field that combines biological knowledge with computer programming concerned with the acquisition, storage, analysis, and dissemination of biological data--has a fundamental role in scientific research strategies in all disciplines involved in fighting the virus and its variants. It aids in sequencing and annotating genomes and their observed mutations; analyzing gene and protein expression; simulation and modeling of DNA, RNA, proteins and biomolecular interactions; and mining of biological literature, among many other critical areas of research. Studies suggest that bioinformatics skills in the Latin American and Caribbean region are relatively incipient, and thus its scientific systems cannot take full advantage of the increasing availability of bioinformatic tools and data. This dataset is a catalog of bioinformatics software for researchers and professionals working in life sciences. It includes more than 300 different tools for varied uses, such as data analysis, visualization, repositories and databases, data storage services, scientific communication, marketplace and collaboration, and lab resource management. Most tools are available as web-based or desktop applications, while others are programming libraries. It also includes 10 suggested entries for other third-party repositories that could be of use.
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