Relevant bibliographies by topics / Weather Effect of mountains on Australia

Academic literature on the topic 'Weather Effect of mountains on Australia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Weather Effect of mountains on Australia"

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Sharples, Jason J., Graham A. Mills, Richard H. D. McRae, and Rodney O. Weber. "Foehn-Like Winds and Elevated Fire Danger Conditions in Southeastern Australia." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 6 (June 1, 2010): 1067–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2219.1.

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Abstract Bushfires in southeastern Australia are a serious environmental problem, and consistently cause loss of life and damage to property and other assets. Understanding synoptic processes that can lead to dangerous fire weather conditions throughout the region is therefore an important undertaking aimed at improving community safety, protection of assets, and fire suppression tactics and strategies. In southeastern Australia severe fire weather is often associated with dry cool changes or coastally modified cold fronts. Less well known, however, are synoptic events that can occur in connection with the topography of the region, such as cross-mountain flows and foehn-like winds, which can also lead to abrupt changes in fire weather variables that ultimately result in locally elevated fire danger. This paper focuses on foehn-like occurrences over the southeastern mainland, which are characterized by warm, dry winds on the lee side of the Australian Alps. The characteristics of a number of foehn-like occurrences are analyzed based on observational data and the predictions of a numerical weather model. The analyses confirm the existence of a foehn effect over parts of southeastern Australia and suggest that its occurrence is primarily due to the partial orographic blocking of relatively moist low-level air and the subsidence of drier upper-level air in the lee of the mountains. The regions prone to foehn occurrence, the influence of the foehn on fire weather variables, and the connection between the foehn and mountain waves are also discussed.
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Bradstock, R. A., J. S. Cohn, A. M. Gill, M. Bedward, and C. Lucas. "Prediction of the probability of large fires in the Sydney region of south-eastern Australia using fire weather." International Journal of Wildland Fire 18, no. 8 (2009): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08133.

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The probability of large-fire (≥1000 ha) ignition days, in the Sydney region, was examined using historical records. Relative influences of the ambient and drought components of the Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) on large fire ignition probability were explored using Bayesian logistic regression. The preferred models for two areas (Blue Mountains and Central Coast) were composed of the sum of FFDI (Drought Factor, DF = 1) (ambient component) and DF as predictors. Both drought and ambient weather positively affected the chance of large fire ignitions, with large fires more probable on the Central Coast than in the Blue Mountains. The preferred, additive combination of drought and ambient weather had a marked threshold effect on large-fire ignition and total area burned in both localities. This may be due to a landscape-scale increase in the connectivity of available fuel at high values of the index. Higher probability of large fires on the Central Coast may be due to more subdued terrain or higher population density and ignitions. Climate scenarios for 2050 yielded predictions of a 20–84% increase in potential large-fire ignitions days, using the preferred model.
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Brischke, Christian, and Vanessa Selter. "Mapping the Decay Hazard of Wooden Structures in Topographically Divergent Regions." Forests 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050510.

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The service life of exposed wooden structures depends on many endogenous and exogenous factors with moisture being key for fungal degradation. Climate parameters are therefore important input variables for modelling fungal decay in wood. In recent years, different approaches aimed at modelling climate-induced dosage on the material climate (i.e., exposure models) and the effect of the latter on fungal decay (i.e., decay models). Based on maps of Europe, North America or Australia, the decay hazard can be assigned to zones and used for estimating the relative decay potential of an arbitrary location. However, especially in topographically divergent regions, the climate-induced decay hazard can vary strongly within a small area. Within this study, decay hazards were quantified and mapped for a mountainous region where topography-induced differences in local climate and corresponding exposure dosage can be expected. The area under investigation was Switzerland. In addition to the Scheffer Climate Index (SCI), two exposure models were combined with two decay models and used to quantify the relative moisture- and temperature-induced exposure dose at 75 different weather stations in Switzerland and adjacent regions. The exposure was expressed as relative dosage with Uppsala (Sweden) as a reference location. Relative dose values were calculated for locations between weather stations using an ‘inverse distance weighted (IDW)’ interpolation and displayed in maps for the entire country. A more detailed analysis was undertaken for the Lötschental area, which is the largest valley on the northern side of the Rhône valley in the canton of Valais. The relative dose differed strongly within small areas and altitude was well correlated with the average annual temperature and the resulting relative dose. It became evident that small-scale mapping with high resolution is needed to fully reflect the impact of topography and other local conditions on the moisture- and temperature-induced decay risk in wooden components.
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Dai, Jingru, Michael J. Manton, Steven T. Siems, and Elizabeth E. Ebert. "Estimation of Daily Winter Precipitation in the Snowy Mountains of Southeastern Australia." Journal of Hydrometeorology 15, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 909–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-13-081.1.

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Abstract Wintertime precipitation in the Snowy Mountains provides water for agriculture, industry, and domestic use in inland southeastern Australia. Unlike most of Australia, much of this precipitation falls as snow, and it is recorded by a private network of heated tipping-bucket gauges. These observations are used in the present study to assess the accuracy of a poor man’s ensemble (PME) prediction of precipitation in the Snowy Mountains based on seven numerical weather prediction models. While the PME performs quite well, there is significant underestimation of precipitation intensity. It is shown that indicators of the synoptic environment can be used to improve the PME estimates of precipitation. Four synoptic regimes associated with different precipitation classes are identified from upper-air data. The reliability of the PME forecasts can be sharpened by considering the precipitation in each of the four synoptic classes. A linear regression, based on the synoptic classification and the PME estimate, is used to reduce the forecast errors. The potential to extend the method for forecasting purposes is discussed.
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Falk, Martin, and Eva Hagsten. "Winter Weather Anomalies and Individual Destination Choice." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 2630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082630.

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Recently, several winter seasons in the European Alps have been unexpectedly warm. In the Austrian mountains, December 2015 was the warmest since weather records began, with a temperature deviation of +6.6 °C compared to the long-term average. By use of data on 6200 individual trips from the Austrian travel survey, a multinomial Logit model is employed to estimate if weather anomalies affect the choice of winter trips. A substitution for more distant trips may create additional environmental burdens, given that they require longer travels or alternative transportation modes. Estimation results reveal that the choice of a mountain destination is not yet affected by extreme winter weather conditions. The result is valid for December 2015, as well as for the total winter season 2015/2016. However, December 2015 and 2016 exhibit a separate development with a significant increase in the likelihood of trips to non-mountains in Europe (mostly city breaks), although no traces of a direct substitution effect can be found. Younger and older people, as well as women, are less likely to go on a winter trip to the mountains. Residents with a tertiary degree and students are more interested in this, as well as large travel groups.
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HALL, G. V., I. C. HANIGAN, K. B. G. DEAR, and H. VALLY. "The influence of weather on community gastroenteritis in Australia." Epidemiology and Infection 139, no. 6 (August 9, 2010): 927–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810001901.

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SUMMARYInfectious gastroenteritis is a common illness in Australia as elsewhere. Data from a year-long national gastroenteritis survey in 2001–2002 showed that gastroenteritis was more common in the northern and hotter part of Australia. These data were used to quantify associations between local weather variables and gastroenteritis in people aged >5 years while controlling for socioeconomic status. A distributed lag model was used to examine the influence of weather over a period of days prior to an event and the maximal effect was found at a lag of 2–5 days. The total effect over the preceding week indicated a relative increase from baseline in the probability of gastroenteritis of 2·48% (95% CI 1·01–3·97) for each degree rise (°C) over that period. Given the very high burden of gastroenteritis, this represents a substantial effect at the population level and has relevance for health predictions due to climate change.
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ABDELWAHAB, MM, A. SALAHELDIN, and Z. METWALLY. "A case of Khamsin type weather in north Africa." MAUSAM 36, no. 3 (April 6, 2022): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v36i3.1912.

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In most cases, desert depressions over north Africa form in the lee of the Atlas mountains, Such occurrences are found when a north or northwest air stream from over the Atlantic moves toward the Atlas range, or when a northeasterly wind blows over the western Mediterranean towards these mountains, As shown in Fig. 1, these depressions may follow numerous tracks during their eastward movement. These depressions usually produce severe heat waves and sandstorms (EL Fandi, 1940, Soliman 1958). The phenomenon of Khamsin weather in spring is one of the main problems associated with weather analysis and forecasting in the area of north Africa. In recent years, several formulations of these types of desert depressions have been discussed from the point of view of their sources and supply of heat and energy. The present paper is an attempt to identify the effect of cyc1ogenetic activity on the trajectory of these depressions.
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Warchałowski, Marcin, Piotr Nowakowski, and Andrzej Dancewicz. "Effect of winter conditions on wild ungulates mortality in the Owl Mountains (Poland)." Folia Forestalia Polonica 57, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ffp-2015-0018.

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Abstract Relations between climatic factors during the winter season (n days with frost <0oC and −10oC; n days with snow cover: >1 cm, >10 cm and >30 cm; maximum snow cover during season [cm]) and mortality in free-living ungulates (red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758, roe deer Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758 and mouflon Ovis aries musimon Linnaeus, 1758) in the Owl Mountains (Lower Silesia – Poland) in years 1998–2010 were investigated. Significant effects of all analysed climatic factors on ungulates mortality were documented. Correlations (Pearson) between such weather factors as the depth of snow cover and number of days with frost and recorded mortality in total animal populations analysed ranged from r = 0.33 to r = 0.77. The least adapted to local weather conditions was mouflon introduced to this area ca. 100 years ago from more southern parts of Europe. Roe deer species seems to be environmentally plastic, and are doing quite well in severe winters. Tolerance of red deer to the snow cover is much lower at low temperatures due to the fact that this species, during the period of snow cover, has limited access to the plants covered with snow and difficult access to food base.
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Jensen, Christopher A., and Jessamie Yule. "Response strategies used to mitigate the effect of extreme weather on rural and remote housing in Australia." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1218, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1218/1/012049.

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Abstract In the extreme climates of Australia, rural and remote locations have special site and dwelling requirements and therefore special design solutions. This can include construction constraints, bushfire risk, resource efficiency, comfort and respect for the surrounding environment and heritage. Existing regulations targeted at extreme weather impacts such as bushfire, flood, cyclones, and heatwaves often impact the design and material choices for rural and remote housing due to their exposed locations, including housing proposed for rebuild following damage resulting from an extreme weather event. These regulations also lead to increased costs and uncertainty about the suitability of rural land for construction, making it challenging for rebuilding communities in affected areas. Such well-intentioned regulations also create limitations on innovation through experimental / bespoke building design, such as; 1) novel solutions to extreme weather mitigation and resistance 2) material choices for construction; and 3) achievement of operational and embodied energy reductions. Experimental buildings provide significant innovation benefits to industry as is often seen in the development of sustainable and high-performance buildings. This research examines the academic and industry knowledge of current design regulations for extreme weather events and implications for experimental and innovative design, highlighting the challenges for buildings to achieve increasing standards of environmental performance whilst ensuring resilience in the face of increasing extreme weather events, with a specific focus on rural communities. Case study analysis is used to provide an understanding of the focus and strategies used by different groups in different locations to address the impacts of extreme weather.
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Fox-Hughes, Paul. "Springtime Fire Weather in Tasmania, Australia: Two Case Studies." Weather and Forecasting 27, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-11-00020.1.

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Abstract A number of severe springtime fire weather events have occurred in Tasmania, Australia, in recent years. Two such events are examined here in some detail, in an attempt to understand the mechanisms involved in the events. Both events exhibit strong winds and very low surface dewpoint temperatures. Associated 850-hPa wind–dewpoint depression conditions are extreme in both cases, and evaluation of these quantities against a scale of past occurrences may provide a useful early indicator of future severe events. Both events also feature the advection of air from drought-affected continental Australia ahead of cold fronts. This air reaches the surface in the lee of Tasmanian topography by the action of the föehn effect. In one event, there is good evidence of an intrusion of stratospheric, high potential vorticity (PV), air, supplementing the above mechanism and causing an additional peak in airmass dryness and wind speed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Weather Effect of mountains on Australia"

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MOZER, JOEL BARNEY. "LEE VORTICITY PRODUCTION BY TROPICAL MOUNTAIN RANGES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186600.

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Numerical simulations using the Penn State University/NCAR MM4 model are performed to examine a stably stratified, zonal easterly flow past large scale three-dimensional mountain ranges in a rotating, initially barotropic, atmosphere. Upstream blocking by the mountain range diverts the flow primarily to the south and around the mountain. Conservation of potential vorticity results in the formation of a horizontal jet at low levels south of the mountain. This jet is barotropically unstable and leads to a continuous production of synoptic scale vorticity maxima which separate from the mountain and propagate downstream. Numerical simulations using topography representative of the Sierra Madre in Mexico imply that this mechanism may be important in providing some of the initial disturbances which grow into tropical cyclones in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. The wave train produced in the simulations corresponds to waves with 3-7 day periods which have been identified observationally in the eastern North Pacific region. The sensitivity of this effect to the stability of the basic state and the upstream wind speed is investigated. Simulations are also performed which show that the Hoggar and Atlas mountains of west-central Africa block the low-level easterlies resulting in a barotropically unstable jet and a train of vorticity maxima which separate from the mountain and propagate downstream. The spacing of these disturbances is roughly 1600 km and they propagate to the east with a period of about 2.5 days. These characteristics correspond to those of observed waves in the Africa/Atlantic region. It will also be shown that the unique topography of north-central Africa results in a mid-tropospheric easterly jet which has a maximum between 0-10°E and 15-20°N. The location and magnitude of this jet correspond to the so-called African easterly jet which is usually attributed to the strong surface temperature gradients over the continent of Africa. The numerical simulations presented in this work suggest that the mechanical effect of the topography may provide a constant source of energy for the maintenance of the African easterly jet.
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O'Brien, Christian. "A clockwork climate? an atmospheric history of Northern Australia." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/114573.

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Weather and climate are truly arresting in Australia's far north. They set the 'Top End' - the northernmost parts of the Northern Territory - apart; not only from 'temperate' Australia, but also from other tropical locales. Weather and climate are integral to the experience of the place. Authoritative histories of the Northern Territory, with justification, routinely discuss its weather and climate. They indicate the ineluctable physical parameters that bound human activity in this region and which also set the stage for the dramas of human history played out there. In this study weather and climate are the drama. They are the characters, and they are the plot. Elements of the great aerial ocean in which the 'Top End' is immersed - rain, wind and heat - are studied on a variety of time scales. Events are examined: their intensity, duration, chronology and patterns in time. Just as nature and culture are inextricably entwined, so these elements cannot intelligibly be amputated from human experience. To paraphrase US environmental historian William Cronen, this is a study of stories about stories about weather and climate. The third dimension of this history is its interrogation of the cultural biases and philosophical assumptions both underlying and revealed by these stories about weather and climate. However, this work focuses on one constellation of encounters and responses: those of the colonial invaders. The ideas and (mis)understandings of this group have determined how weather and climate have been seen since colonial times. Now, in the Anthropocene, as the effects of anthropogenic climate change unfold, this understanding is pivotal in dealing with this looming problem. This study is a history of a plausible, coherent misunderstanding. It is also a history of the northernmost region of the Northern Territory, a history refracted through a different prism to those of its worthy predecessors. Here the subject is the colonial encounter with tropical skies, science in colonial and northern Australia and experience-based efforts to grasp something so foreign to people from temperate environs. It reveals how western ideas of time have distorted understandings of weather and climate. It demonstrates the poor fit of received ideas of seasonality and climate to historical experience. Reflecting on important contingencies of this place between 1800 and 1942, this history situates human experience in the Northern Territory firmly in the global currents of both environmental history and intellectual history.
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Books on the topic "Weather Effect of mountains on Australia"

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Hayes, Pamela Speers. Diagnosis and prediction of precipitation in regions of complex terrain. [Olympia, Wa]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Planning, Research and Public Transportation Division, 1986.

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F, Diaz Henry, ed. Climate variability and change in high elevation regions: Past, present & future. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Tim, Sherratt, Griffiths Tom 1957-, Robin Libby 1956-, and National Museum of Australia, eds. A change in the weather: Climate and culture in Australia. Canberra: National Museum of Australia Press, 2005.

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Pedgley, David E. Mountain weather: A practical guide for hillwalkers and climbers in the British Isles. 2nd ed. Milnthorpe: Cicerone, 1997.

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Sprenger, Michael. Rotational aspects of atmospheric flow past Alpine-scale orography. Zürich: Geographisches Institut ETH, 1999.

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F, Diaz Henry, Beniston Martin, and Bradley R. S. 1948-, eds. Climate change at high elevation sites. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.

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Uḥaydib, Ibrāhīm ibn Sulaymān. Tawzīʻ al-amṭār fī janūb gharb al-Mamlakah al-ʻArabīyah al-Saʻūdīyah. [al-Riyāḍ]: I.b.S. al-ʻUḥaydib, 2000.

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Řepka, Miroslav. Prostorové rozložení srážek na české a polské straně hraničních hor: Králického Sněžníku, Jeseníků a Beskyd. Praha: Český hydrometeorologický ústav, 2005.

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Mountain weather: A practical guide for hillwalkers and climbers in the British Isles. 3rd ed. Milnthorpe: Cicerone, 2006.

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Podrezov, O. A. Opasnye skorosti vetra i gololednye otlozhenii͡a︡ v gornykh raĭonakh. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Weather Effect of mountains on Australia"

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Zander, Kerstin K., Carmen Richerzhagen, and Stephen T. Garnett. "Migration as a Potential Heat Stress Adaptation Strategy in Australia." In The Demography of Disasters, 153–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49920-4_8.

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Abstract As the climate changes, natural disasters are becoming more frequent and severe. Some disasters are sudden and briefly devastating. Research shows that, in response, many people emigrate temporarily but return when the danger is past. The effect of slow-onset disasters can be equally disruptive but the economic and social impacts can last much longer. In Australia, extreme heat and the rising frequency of heat waves is a slow-onset disaster even if individual periods of hot weather are brief. This chapter investigates the impact of increasing heat stress on the intention of people living in Australia to migrate to cooler places as an adaptation strategy using an online survey of 1344 people. About 73% felt stressed by increasing heat of which 11% expressed an intention to move to cooler places in response. The more affected people had been by the heat, the more likely they were to intend to move. Tasmania was a preferred destination (20% of those intending to move), although many people (38%) were unsure where they would go. As Australia becomes hotter, heat can be expected to play a greater role in people’s mobility decisions. Knowing the source and destination of this flow of internal migrants will be critical to planning and policy-making.
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Steenburgh, Jim. "Lake Effect." In Secrets of the Greatest Snow on Earth: Weather, Climate Change, and Finding Deep Powder in Utah's Wasatch Mountains and around the World, 80–91. Utah State University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7330/9780874219517.c005.

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Conference papers on the topic "Weather Effect of mountains on Australia"

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Roberts, Lucy, Bin Lu, and Kylie Catchpole. "Effect of La Niña weather conditions on operation of a future 100% renewable grid in Australia." In 2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgtasia54193.2022.10003637.

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