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Pendergast, Megan. "Environmental effects on nano-wear of gold and KBr single crystal." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002306.
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Varadarajan, Bhadri Narayanan. "MICROMECHANICS OF DEBOND GROWTH AND INTERFACIAL WEAR UNDER FATIGUE LOADING IN A TRANSPARENT CERAMIC COMPOSITE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin975352464.
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Binsaeid, Sultan Hassan. "Multisensor Fusion for Intelligent Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) in End Milling Through Pattern Classification and Multiclass Machine Learning." Scholarly Repository, 2007. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/7.
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In a fully automated manufacturing environment, instant detection of condition state of the cutting tool is essential to the improvement of productivity and cost effectiveness. In this paper, a tool condition monitoring system (TCM) via machine learning (ML) and machine ensemble (ME) approach was developed to investigate the effectiveness of multisensor fusion when machining 4340 steel with multi-layer coated and multi-flute carbide end mill cutter. Feature- and decision-level information fusion models utilizing assorted combinations of sensors were studied against selected ML algorithms and their majority vote ensemble to classify gradual and transient tool abnormalities. The criterion for selecting the best model does not only depend on classification accuracy but also on the simplicity of the implemented system where the number of features and sensors is kept to a minimum to enhance the efficiency of the online acquisition system. In this study, 135 different features were extracted from sensory signals of force, vibration, acoustic emission and spindle power in the time and frequency domain by using data acquisition and signal processing modules. Then, these features along with machining parameters were evaluated for significance by using different feature reduction techniques. Specifically, two feature extraction methods were investigated: independent component analysis (ICA), and principal component analysis (PCA) and two feature selection methods were studied, chi square and correlation-based feature selection (CFS). For various multi-sensor fusion models, an optimal feature subset is computed. Finally, ML algorithms using support vector machine (SVM), multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLP), radial basis function neural network (RBF) and their majority voting ensemble were studied for selected features to classify not only flank wear but also breakage and chipping. In this research, it has been found that utilizing the multisensor feature fusion technique under majority vote ensemble gives the highest classification performance. In addition, SVM outperformed other ML algorithms while CFS feature selection method surpassed other reduction techniques in improving classification performance and producing optimal feature sets for different models.
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Likouris, Arianna P. "Aphosiosi." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1494198472667557.
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Dalstam, Anna. "Better fashion for a better future : Exploring geometrical pattern-making in relation to trend based ready-to-wear garments, with a focus on no fabric waste." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-25178.
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This study examines how to make trend fashion based ready-to-wear apparels with no fabric waste in the cutting phase through geometric pattern-making. To work with sustainability through geometrical pattern-making in construction, within the context of commercial fashion. The fashion industry is one of the world's top polluters. Several million tonnes of textile ends up in landfills all over the world every year, landfills are overwhelmed and that has a great impact on the environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the method of geometric pattern making can have a commercial value in sustainability. How it can bring benefits within fashion design to become more sustainable, and thus help tackle issues in relation to fabric waste in garment production. Significantly, the project discusses if there can be a way of making commercial clothes more sustainable through geometric pattern-making so no fabric is wasted when it is being cut. The work proposes potential solutions and expressions through this chosen methodology.
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Lännevall, Joel. "Operation dependent costs of non-optimal hydropower production : Effects on the operational pattern of the Small Lule River." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294867.
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In the present electrical market there is an increasing penetration of intermittent energy sources. Several studies have examined its effect on the planning of hydropower operation and the conclusion is that an increasing intermittent production is likely to result in a more variable hydropower operation, utilising a wider span of operational set points. The wear of a hydropower unit is generally at a minimum when operated close to best efficiency and increases when operating at higher or lower set points. This study introduces a method to calculate an operation dependent cost (ODC) function for an arbitrary hydropower unit or unit combination based on vibration measurements and operational data. The method is tested in a case study where an ODC is implemented in Akkats, located in the Small Lule River in order to evaluate its effect on operational pattern, profitability and balancing contribution. The results show that the implemented ODC mainly affects Akkats. For an increasing ODC, Akkats is operated closer to the best point of efficiency and the operational pattern gets less variable and the effect gets more apparent the lower the spot price. Akkats ability to follow the spot price is reduced, decreasing the earning per produced energy with a few percentages. Akkats balancing contribution decreases significantly more, due to a less variable operational pattern. The study compares the reduced ODC to the reduced spot income and concludes that the wear cost in Akkats has to be above 1,21 €/MWh in order to be economically feasible to include in the planning. The operational pattern for the simulated river is close to unchanged at highest price hours but during lower price hours an increasing ODC results in an increased production, due to an increasing mean flow and changed operational pattern in Akkats. More production during low prices hours results in a decreasing profitability for all plants along the river. The balancing contribution is close to unchanged in all plants except Akkats, since the production still follows the same pattern.
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Taylor, Matthew H. "Defining a Model for Tool Consumption Rate on Asphalt Reclamation Machines." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1293.
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Asphalt and concrete reclamation machines are used to cut roadways when a repair is required. The performance of these machines can affect the quality of road repairs, and cost/profitability for both contractors and governments. We believe that several performance characteristics in reclamation machines are governed by the placement and pattern of cutting picks on the cutter head. Previous studies, focused on mining and excavation applications, have shown strong correlation between placement and wear. The following study employs a screening experiment (observational study) to find significant contributors to tool wear, in applications of asphalt milling or reclamation. We have found that picks fail by two primary modes: tip breakage, and body abrasive wear. Results indicate that the circumferential spacing of a bit, relative to neighboring bits, has the strongest effect on tip breakage. We have also shown that bit skew angle has a large positive effect on body abrasive wear.
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Genin-Blanchard, Elodie. "Etude des mécanismes élémentaires d'usure des élastomères chargés réticulés." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECDL0042.
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L'usure des élastomères chargés réticulés génère souvent des faciès à rides, que l'on peut voir notamment sur les pneumatiques dans certaines conditions d’utilisation. Le but de cette étude est d’étudier ces rides, reproduites en laboratoire au moyen d'un tribomètre spécifique, afin d'en expliquer le mécanisme de formation. Des grandeurs telles que la perte de masse, le coefficient de frottement, la rugosité et les propriétés mécaniques de surface sont analysées. L'apparition d'un tel faciès est reliée à des aspects de vibrations dans le contact et de champ de contraintes de traction à l'arrière du contact. Les rides obtenues présentent parfois des languettes plus ou moins enroulées et évoluent vers des débris d'usure en forme de rouleaux. Ce faciès à rides s'estompe ensuite au cours de l'essai tribologique pour disparaître lorsque la distance glissée devient grande. Une approche énergétique permet de souligner les couplages existant entre les différentes propriétés du matériau, le frottement, le faciès et l'usure<br>The wear of filled rubber compounds often produces a ridge pattern which can be seen on tyres in certain driving conditions. The goal of this work is to study the ridges obtained in laboratory experiments on a specific tribometer and explain the mechanism of their formation. Parameters such as friction coefficient, loss of weight, rugosity and surface mechanical properties have been studied. The origin of this pattern is linked to contact vibrations and tensile stress field at the rear of the contact. The upper part of the ridges sometimes presents tongs which can be rolled and the ridges lead to roll shaped wear debris. The pattern then fades during the next part of the tribological test and disappears when the sliding distance becomes high. An energetical approach leads to emphasize the links between material properties, friction, pattern and wear
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Melzacka, Wiktoria Anna, and Ning Jiang. "Måttlistans påverkan på passform : En undersökning av sambandet mellan mått och passform på overall för barn." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-26572.
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Studien görs i samarbete med ett företag som jobbar med bl a. barnoveraller. Företaget gör ingen egen mönsterkonstruktion, utan köper denna tjänst av leverantören. Materialet leverantören får av företaget är en måttlista, men när olika leverantörer sytt upp prover åt dem har de fått varierande passform, trots att overallerna hållit samma mått. Författarna har därför jobbat på ett sätt att systematisera måttlistan för att kunna reproducera den aktuella passformen. Detta har gjorts genom att försöka återskapa företagets overall med hjälp av måttlistan och därefter utvärderat vad som skulle göra måttlistan mer tydlig och praktisk för leverantörerna. Utvecklingen av måttlistan har innefattat namn på mått, måttordning, samt skiss och placering av mått. Avgörande faktorer för passformen på barnoverallen har visat sig vara luvan, måttet axel till gren, midjeresår, knävidd och stussens position. En slutlig måttlista har tagits fram som ett förslag på ett sätt för företag utan egen mönsterkonstruktion att systematisera passformen.<br>The study is being conducted in collaboration with a company that works with, among other things, children's overalls. The company does not make its own pattern design, but buys this service from the supplier. The material the supplier receives from the company is a measurement chart. However when different suppliers have sewn samples for them, they have been of varying fit, despite the fact that the overalls have kept the same dimensions. The authors have therefore worked to systematize the measurement chart in order to be able to reproduce the current fit. This has been done by trying to recreate the company's overalls using the measurement chart and then evaluating what would make the measurement chart clearer and more practical for the suppliers. The development of the measurement chart has included names of measurements, measurement order, and sketch and placement of measurements. Key factors for the fit of the children's overalls have proven to be the hood, shoulder to crotch, waist elastic, knee width and the placement of the seat. A final measurement chart has been developed as a proposal to help companies who prefer full package production.
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Cruwys, Elizabeth. "Tooth wear patterns in modern human populations." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272343.
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Clement, Anna. "Tooth wear patterns in Neanderthals and early modern humans." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445215/.
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The overall aim of this project is to investigate adaptive mechanisms involved in the evolution of Neanderthal and Modern Human face morphology. This is done by using a new method to summarise tooth wear patterns in a large collection of Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene hominins. This pattern is interpreted as an indicator of the forces habitually placed on different parts of the dentition. As the characteristic Neanderthal facial morphology is often interpreted as an adaptation to strong bite force between the anterior teeth, it is hypothesised that they should be particularly heavily worn in Neanderthals, relative to the rest of the dentition. The results presented here show that all Late Pleistocene hominins had heavily worn anterior teeth and that this was more pronounced in the Modern Humans than in the Neanderthals. There was, however, a characteristic Neanderthal pattern with wear more evenly spread between anterior teeth, whereas in Modern Humans it was more strongly concentrated in the incisors. In recent hunter-gatherers teeth were an integral part of the toolkit, strongly reflected in tooth wear. Both Neanderthals and the Skhul-Qafzeh Modern Humans shared a Middle Palaeolithic technology, with a small range of tool types and heavy anterior tooth wear, but the much more variable Upper Palaeolithic toolkit did not result in a reduction. Variation between different regions however suggests that the differences are complex Epipalaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic jaws showed a reduction in the contrast between anterior and cheek tooth wear, as might be expected with the large technological changes they represent. A preliminary study was made of dental casts from Canadian Inuit whose ages and sexes were recorded. They showed much heavier anterior tooth wear than any archaeological groups. This pattern was established early in life and women had much stronger anterior wear than men. This was related to sexual division of labour and it is striking that in Neanderthals the situation seems to have been replicated.
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Vernon, Denis Wesley. "The functional analysis of shoe wear patterns : theory and application." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2000. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/3106/.
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Shoe wear patterns have potential value in clinical diagnosis and forensic identification, although they lack rigorous study. Podiatrists have claimed understanding of shoe wear patterns, associating foot pathologies with characteristic patterns and implying a "onecondition, one wear pattern" hypothesis. This project was commenced to understand and clarify this relationship. Round one of an initial Delphi exercise to seek agreements over such wear pattern associations however indicated that, many different patterns could be associated with single named foot pathologies with round three agreements appearing to relate to the most common pattern associations. Analysis of the patterns in the Delphi exercise produced an instrument to describe and compare shoe wear patterns using focal points - points from which areas of shoe wear would spread. A following survey questionnaire suggested that podiatrists were most familiar with wear patterns associated with four foot pathologies - pronation, hallux rigidus, pes cavus and rearfoot varus. Patterns associated with these pathologies were collected from U. K. podiatrists in a single round questionnaire. Inductive analysis of these patterns from a hermeneutic phenomenological perspective using the focal point concept suggested that if the pathological context is known, wear patterns could be classified on the basis of causative function. A theoretical model was proposed of factors important in wear pattern production, suggesting that primary walking intention (the intended walking function of the foot) was more influential than foot pathologies in wear pattern formation and that "external" factors could also influence shoe wear. Validation and grounding of the focal point concept and model of shoe wear influence was planned, involving paired podiatry observers, to determine whether focal points could clarify, differentiate and show similarities between shoe wear patterns in reality and whether the model of wear influence was justified. To reduce the potential for observer error, two prior exercises were undertaken. A Delphi exercise focused participants on the required task and produced statements for the recognition of variables, which may influence shoe wear patterns. Inter-observer reliability tests demonstrated that clinical observation agreement levels were acceptable for the validation. In the validation, three subjects exhibiting pathologies, including hallux rigidus, and their owned footwear (22 items) were studied. The presence, level and effect of variables potentially influencing the wear patterns present, were determined by paired observations of foot pathologies, shoe fit and function, video analysis of foot function and subject interview for the footwear history. The focal point concept showed similarities and differences between shoe wear patterns, although wear pattern clarity limitations occurred. Within the pathological context the patterns predicted the related functions. The model of wear influence was supported with external influences needing to be major to override primary walking intention and foot pathology effects. A method to describe and compare shoe wear patterns and a model to explain the link between function and wear, showing the relationship of factors important in wear pattern production have been produced. This model provides an alternative perspective on foot function to that of biomechanical theory and could represent the basis of a new taxonomy for podiatry. This greater understanding of shoe wear patterns should improve their potential value in forensic identification and in clinical diagnosis.
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Aitmehdi, R. "Quantitative diffraction tomography within weak scattering limitations." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385618.
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Dudley, Tina. "Incremental structures and wear patterns of teeth for age assessment of red deer." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403363.
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Moyler, Shaun. "Life on the cutting edge : interpreting patterns of wear on Scottish Early Bronze Age axes." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/367868/.
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Traditional approaches to Bronze Age metalwork have very often been framed within a series of dichotomous relationships often concerning either an objects production or ultimate deposition. In contrast, this thesis utilises a 'biographical approach' to material culture to illuminate what happened to objects during their often varied lifetimes, and importantly how this may have related to their deposition. A physical re-examination of wear, damage and states of fragmentation exhibited by a number of Early Bronze Age axes from Scotland (c. 2,400 to c. 1,700 cal B.C) is undertaken against a concurrent a program of experimental work. It is suggested that the physical appearance and condition of these objects were held to be indicative of both the object and its owner’s biography. It is shown that axes deposited together in hoards show recurring patterns of use wear and damage relating to both the longevity and intensity of use seen during their individual lifetimes. Moreover, it is argued that decoration may have been carried out over extended periods of time rather than in one event, or even after an object was no longer useable.
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Deter, Christina. "Dental wear patterns of hunter-gatherers and agriculturalists : the impact of behavioural changes accompanying the transition." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1425882/.
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Tooth wear can record valuable information on diet, and non-dietary activities in different populations. In this study, assemblages from various behavioural groups are used to test the hypothesis that non-agriculturalists had a characteristic pattern of tooth wear which differs from the pattern of tooth wear of agriculturalists. The current study used an updated method to measure the proportions of dentine exposed in the occlusal wear facet and compared this to approximal wear and occlusal wear plane angle (separately). Assemblages used were from different behavioural groups (non-agriculturalists, transitionals and agriculturalists), environments (inland and coastal) and regions (North America and Levant). The non-agricultural groups were made up of assemblages from Carlston Annis, Ciggerville, El Wad, Indian Knoll and Kebara. The transitional group was from Calhoun County and the agriculturalists were made up of assemblages from Abu Hureyra, Florida Canaveral Peninsula, Hawikuh and Shannon. Results showed that the rate of occlusal wear corresponds greatly with the eruption timing of the dentition, agriculturalists and transitionals had greater approximal wear relative to Ml occlusal wear than non-agriculturalists and non-agriculturalists had a slower rate of change in occlusal facet angle relative to the extent of occlusal wear than the agriculturalists and transitionals.
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Супрун, М. В. "Підвищення роботоздатності алмазних бурових коронок в твердих породах". Thesis, Івано-Франківський національний технічний університет нафти і газу, 2016. http://elar.nung.edu.ua/handle/123456789/4864.
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Дисертація присвячена питанням підвищення роботоздатності алмазних бурових коронок з комбінованою матрицею при бурінні геологорозвідувальних свердловин у твердих породах за допомогою нового надтвердого матеріалу - гібридайт. Проведений аналіз літературних джерел показав, що найбільш ефективним інструментом для буріння твердих гірських порід на даний час є інструмент з комбінованою матрицею, оснащеною як синтетичними монокристалами алмазу так і полікристалічними матеріалами водночас. Охарактеризовано існуючі надтверді матеріали, які використовуються при оснащенні бурових коронок з комбінованою матрицею. Уперше створена математична модель процесу еволюції робочого профілю та з використанням розрахунку контактного тиску на поверхні алмазної коронки з комбінованою матрицею в процесі буріння геологорозвідувальних свердловин. Проведено в лабораторних умовах, за допомогою розроблених та удосконалених методик, порівняльні дослідження з взаємодії породоруйнівних вставок з гірською породою, та їх вплив на характер руйнування твердих гірських порід, а також досліджено вплив схеми оснащення робочого торця бурової коронки поро-доруйнівними вставками з гібридайту на роботоздатність алмазної бурової коронки з комбінованою матрицею. Вперше встановлено, що при руйнуванні твердих гірських порід вставками з гібридайту очевидний характер руйнування породи, притаманний сколюванню. Розроблені та передані до впровадження підприємству ДП «Центрукргеологія» для буріння геологорозвідувальних свердловин у твердих породах, комбіновані бурові коронки типу БТ-22, які оснащені синтетичними алмазами та породоруй-нівними вставками з гібридайту й мають високу механічну швидкість буріння і підвищену проходку в порівнянні із серійними коронками.<br>Диссертация посвящена вопросам повышения работоспособности алмазных буровых коронок с комбинированной матрицей при бурении геологоразведочных скважин в твердых породах с помощью нового сверхтвердого материала - гибридайт. Проведенный анализ литературных источников показал, что наиболее эффективным инструментом для бурения твердых горных пород в настоящее время является инструмент с комбинированной матрицей, оснащенной как синтетическими монокристаллами алмаза, так и поликристаллическими материалами одновременно. Обзор существующих сверхтвердых материалов, которые используются при оснащении буровых коронок с комбинированной матрицей, показал, что наиболее перспективным поликристаллическим сверхтвердым материалом является гибридайт. Разработана методика испытаний породоразрушающих вставок на износостойкость при разрушении различных горных пород, и усовершенствована методика изучения шероховатости поверхности забоя, сформированного при алмазном бурении, с помощью аналого-цифрового преобразователя и специально разработанной программы расчета параметров микропрофиля поверхности. Предложен новый подход к оценке распределения контактного давления по рабочей поверхности буровой коронки, основанный на численном анализе модельной контактной краевой задачи механики деформируемого твердого тела и учитывающий не только кинематику процесса бурения, но и специфику контактного взаимодействия инструмента с породой. С помощью численного моделирования рассчитаны значения интенсивности износа рабочей поверхности буровой коронки, достаточно близкие к наблюдаемым на практике результатам, что является убедительным аргументом в пользу адекватности предложенной математической модели и надежности представленных числовых данных. Проведена оценка износостойкости буровой коронки с армирующими породоразрушающего вставками, исследовано влияние их расположения на рабочий поверхности коронки. Получено уравнение для определения эффективного коэффициента износа рабочей поверхности коронки в зависимости от способа его армирования породоразрушающими вставками. Впервые предложена математическая модель эволюции рабочего профиля буровой коронки, которую можно использовать для оптимизации конструкции комбинированной матрицы, включая выбор профиля, оснащенность и применение породоразрушающих вставок с разной износостойкостью. Проведены в лабораторных условиях сравнительные исследования по взаимодействию породоразрушающих вставок с горными породами, и их влияние на характер разрушения твердых горных пород, а также исследовано влияние схемы оснащения рабочего торца буровой коронки породоразрушающими вставками из гибридайта на износостойкость и механическую скорость бурения. Впервые установлено, что использование породоразрушающих вставок из гибридайта в комбинированной матрице буровой коронки приводит к повышению износостойкости инструмента и увеличению механической скорости в процессе бурения твердых горных пород. Также было установлено, что в процессе работы вставок из гибридайта наблюдается эффект «самозатачивания», вследствие чего при бурении геологоразведочных скважин такой вставкой очевиден характер разрушения породы, присущий скалыванию, а именно с отделением от массива более крупных частиц шлама. Приведены результаты исследования влияния схемы оснащения рабочего торца вставками гибридайта на эффективность бурения твердых горных пород импрегни-рованными коронками. Установлено, что оснащение калибрующей части импрегни-рованной коронки вставками гибридайта способствует устранению ее аномального износа, а также приводит к повышению эффективности и механической скорости бурения крепких горных пород.
Разработаны и переданы к внедрению на предприятии ГП «Центрукргеология» для бурения геологоразведочных скважин в твердых породах комбинированные буровые коронки типа БТ-22, которые оснащены синтетическими алмазами и породоразрушающими вставками из гибридайта и имеют повышенную работоспособность в сравнении с серийными коронками типа БС-06.<br>Thesis is devoted to improve efficiency of diamond drilling bits with a combined matrix while drilling exploration wells in hard rock with the help of the new superhard material - gibridayt. The analysis of the literature has shown that the most effective tool for drilling hard rock is now a tool with a combined matrix, equipped with both a synthetic diamond single crystal and polycrystalline materials at the same time. We characterize the existing superhard materials, which are used for equipping the drill bits with a combined matrix. For the first time a mathematical model of the process of evolution of the working surface of the combined drilling bit with using the calculation of contact pressure on the surface of the combined drilling bit has been created, which is based on the numerical analysis of the model of contact boundary value problem of solid and provides account for not only the kinematics of the drilling process, but also particularities of the contact interaction tool with rock. The comparative studies, having been conducted in lab environment, on the interaction of rock-breaking inserts with subsurface rocks, and their influence on the character of destruction of solid rocks, and also the influence of the circuit equipping the working end of the drilling bit of rock-breaking inserts gibridayt on resistance to abrasion and ROP has been explored. It has also been found out that the inserts from gibridayt an effect of «self-sharpening» is being observed during the operation, as a result of drilling exploration wells by using such insert the character of rock destruction is obvious, in particular the separation of larger solid particles of the slurry. Combined drilling bits such as BT-22 which are equipped with synthetic diamonds and rock-breaking inserts from gibridayt and have increasing efficiency comparing with serial bits has been developed and transferred for implementation at the enterprise «Centrukrgeologiya».
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Logan, Spencer Carl. "Temporal changes in the spatial patterns of weak layer shear strength and stability on uniform slopes." Thesis, Montana State University, 2005. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2005/logan/LoganS0805.pdf.
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Mané, Zélie. "Détermination et étude des mécanismes mésoscopiques responsables de l'usure des caoutchoucs naturels renforcés." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDL0030.
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Dans des conditions de conduite dite douce, la bande de roulement de pneumatique présente des faciès d’usure de type cratères d’usure ou bien des rides.Le but de ce travail de thèse était de recréer et d’étudier ces faciès d’usure pour des élastomères renforcés par du noir de carbone ou de la silice sur un tribomètre rotatif afin de pouvoir expliquer leurs mécanismes de formation. Des parallèles ont été établis entre les valeurs de perte de masse, de coefficient de frottement et le type du faciès d’usure tout en prenant en compte les propriétés physico-chimiques des échantillons.L’étude a expliqué les différences entre les types de faciès d’usure générés sur des matériaux renforcés par du noir de carbone et ceux renforcés par de la silice. Les paramètres influant sur a transition cratères d’usure et rides ont également été étudiés<br>In soft conditions of driving, wear patterns appear on the tire tread. They are called wear craters and ridges.The aim of this thesis work was to recreate and to study these wear patterns for reinforced elastomers by carbon black or silica on a rotary tribometer in order to explain their mechanisms formation. Parallels were established between the values of mass lost, friction coefficient and the type of wear patterns while taking into account the physico-chemical properties of samples.The study explained the differences between the type of wear patterns generated on reinforced materials by carbon black and those reinforced by silica. Affect parameters on the transition between wear craters and ridges were also studied
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Collins, Mark William Glister. "QUANTITATIVE DIFFERENCES IN PARTICIPANTS EXPOSED TO PATTERNED, WEAK-INTENSITY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS: INVESTIGATING THE SHIVA." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2014. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2155.
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Direct and indirect stimulation of the brain have produced a range of perceptual, motor,
and cognitive experiences, including experiences historically ascribed to religious or
spiritual domains. Weak intensity, extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields
patterned after physiological processes have been the subject of much research and
controversy. The current study examined the Shiva technology, a unique method of field
production that utilizes the same fields used in previous research. Quantitative changes in
brain activity were measured using quantitative electroencephalograph and subjective
reports of experiences were examined. The investigation included two different
configurations of the Shiva technology. Results indicated that individuals exposed to
specific patterned fields exhibited different patterns of neural activity and greater reports
of unusual experiences compared to a sham condition. The importance of particular
enhancement of power in regions of the brain due to the sequence of different patterns of
magnetic fields was a key discovery. Personality characteristics, particularly those
involved with the Default Mode Network, and their relation to baseline
electroencephalographic data were also examined.
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Bonivel, Joseph T. Jr. "Consumable Process Development for Chemical Mechanical Planarization of Bit Patterned Media for Magnetic Storage Fabrication." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3573.
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As the superparamagnetic limit is reached, the magnetic storage industry looks to circumvent the barrier by implementing patterned media (PM) as a viable means to store and access data. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is a semiconductor fabrication technique used to planarize surfaces and is investigated as a method to ensure that the PM is polished to surface roughness parameters that allow the magnetic read/write head to move seamlessly across the PM. Results from this research have implications in feasibility studies of utilizing CMP as the main planarization technique for PM fabrication. Benchmark data on the output parameters of the CMP process, for bit patterned media (BPM), based on the machine process parameters, pad properties, and slurry characteristics are optimized. The research was conducted in a systematic manner in which the optimized parameters for each phase are utilized in future phases. The optimum results from each of the phases provide an overall optimum characterization for BPM CMP. Results on the CMP machine input parameters indicate that for optimal surface roughness and material removal, low polish pressures and high velocities should be used on the BPM. Pad characteristics were monitored by non destructive technique and results indicate much faster deterioration of all pad characteristics versus polish time of BPM when compared to IC CMP. The optimum pad for PM polishing was the IC 1400 dual layer Suba V pad with a shore hardness of 57, and a k-groove pattern. The final phase of polishing evaluated the slurry polishing properties and novel nanodiamond (ND) slurry was created and benchmarked on BPM. The resulting CMP output parameters were monitored and neither the ND slurry nor the thermally responsive polymer slurry performed better than the commercially available Cabot iCue slurry for MRR or surface roughness. Research results indicate CMP is a feasible planarization technique for PM fabrication, but successful implementation of CMP for planarizing PM must address the high initial start up cost, increase in the number of replacement pads, and increase in polishing time to reach the required surface roughness for magnetic storage devices.
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Cheng, Ming-Yi. "An experimental investigation into tool wear in micro-drilling of aluminium, aluminium/copper metal alloys and carbon fibre reinforced composites." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14613.
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Limitation of conventional machining equipment has become a growing concern over the past two decades due to the demands for greater machining accuracy in today’s manufacturing. The development of micro-machining has therefore attracted significant attention; it signifies the advancement of national economy as well as the level of accuracy manufacturing industry could achieve. While the connection between tool lifespan, cost of machining and throughput is well established, the factor of tool lifespan appears to have more significance since the miniaturization of tool could lead to further performance concerns such as its lack of strength and durability. On the other hand, raising feed rate and spindle rotation speed are the two common approaches for increasing manufacturing throughput. Such approaches tend to cause an increase in the thrust force subjecting the tool to greater stress, which is the main cause of tool wear and even tool failure. Through literature review and preliminary experiments, it was found that spot-drill is often done prior to micro-drilling since it prepares a pre-drill countersunk hole that helps the alignment of tool for subsequent micro-drilling. Although such pre-drill step does improve the micro-drilling operation, the fundamental issue of tool diameter difference still remains. Often the tool used for pre-drill has a bigger diameter than the one for micro-drilling although a significant difference is always something to be avoided. This is because the difference has to be picked up by the tool used for micro-drilling and is directly linked to the wear caused by increased thrust force. In this research the operation of micro-drilling is investigated via mathematical models. Such operation is further broken down into various steps and stages so more detailed description can be achieved. The findings are then further enhanced by simulation based on the 3D model of micro-drilling. Three materials were selected for this research: Al 6061T, Al/Cu metal alloy panel and Carbon fibre reinforced composites. Such a selection enables the study of individual characteristics of different materials and the variation in respective thrust forces. Finally, Conclusions present the summary of the main findings from micro-drilling process analysis based on research and investigation shown in earlier chapters. By combining actual measurements on micro-drilling and mathematic model this research hopefully would improve the understanding towards micro-drilling processes.
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Tellers, John Hamilton. "Subsurface stratigraphy and depositional patterns of the Lower Mississippian Weir zone of Doddridge County, West Virginia, with emphasis on reservoir potential." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5635.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 84 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-84).
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Elmer, Michael James. "Improved Methods for Phased Array Feed Beamforming in Single Dish Radio Astronomy." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3340.
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Among the research topics needing to be addressed to further the development of phased array feeds (PAFs) for radio astronomical use are challenges associated with calibration, beamforming, and imaging for single dish observations. This dissertation addresses these concerns by providing analysis and solutions that provide a clearer understanding of the effort required to implement PAFs for complex scientific research. It is shown that calibration data are relatively stable over a period of five days and may still be adequate after 70 days. A calibration update system is presented with the potential to refresh old calibrators. Direction-dependent variations have a much greater affect on calibration stability than temporal variations. There is an inherent trade-off in beamformer design between achieving high sensitivity and maintaining beam pattern stability. A hybrid beamformer design is introduced which uses a numerical optimizer to balance the trade-off between these two conflicting goals to provide the greatest sensitivity for a desired amount of pattern control. Relative beam variations that occur when electronically steering beams in the field of view must be reduced in order for a PAF to be useful for source detection and imaging. A dual constraint beamformer is presented that has the ability to simultaneously achieve a uniform main beam gain and specified noise response across all beams. This alone does not reduce the beam variations but it eliminates one aspect of the problem. Incorporating spillover noise control through the use of rim calibrators is shown to reduce the variations between beams. Combining the dual constraint and rim constraint beamformers offers a beamforming option that provides both of these benefits.
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Chen, Chiu-Chuan, and 陳秋娟. "The Applied Research of Taiwan Matsu Clothing Pattern in Casual Wear." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19251249001127290135.
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碩士<br>台南應用科技大學<br>生活應用科學研究所<br>100<br>In the Year 2000, the Taichung County Government launched the Dajia Matsu Pilgrimage Procession in hopes that people will find peace of mind by participating in the Matsu-themed cultural festivities. The author designed a set of clothing incorporating the elements of the beautiful embroidered gowns of Matsu statues and the deity’s image, as seen in the processions, which are “wearable” in everyday life. Not only are the distinctive designs/patterns of Matsu’s sacred outfits expected to fuel a fashion trend, they may also add extra values (such as giving protection and blessings) to the ritual wear for local cultural festivals. This study contributed to Taiwan’s digital archive of Matsu-oriented cultural heritage as the interviews with experts and literature review both shed light on Matsu-themed clothing designs, as well as their underlying significance, in an effort to start a fashion trend that builds a sense of identity among the Matsu-worshipping crowds. The questionnaire responses suggest that people who name T-shirts their No. 1 wardrobe staple, with a preference for sporty or casual fashion, will show higher interest in, and buy, Matsu-inspired clothing. It is proved that both the “Matsu-inspired fashion” and “wearable fashion” variables exert a positively influence on questionnaire items regarding Matsu-themed clothing designs/patterns, with the positive influence explaining 40% of the responses, a rather high percentage. Demographically speaking, the responses to questionnaire items regarding fashion preferences differ significantly among genders and also among places of residence; the responses to items regarding the favorite clothing design/pattern (under the “Matsu-inspired fashion” variable) differ significantly among levels of educational attainment. Also significant is the difference in “participation in local cultural events” among respondents with varying socio-economic status.
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Chiu-Chuan, Chen, and 陳秋娟. "The Applied Research of Taiwan Matsu Clothing Pattern in Casual Wear." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04048161335859309921.
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碩士<br>台南應用科技大學<br>生活應用科學研究所<br>100<br>In the Year 2000, the Taichung County Government launched the Dajia Matsu Pilgrimage Procession in hopes that people will find peace of mind by participating in the Matsu-themed cultural festivities. The author designed a set of clothing incorporating the elements of the beautiful embroidered gowns of Matsu statues and the deity’s image, as seen in the processions, which are “wearable” in everyday life. Not only are the distinctive designs/patterns of Matsu’s sacred outfits expected to fuel a fashion trend, they may also add extra values (such as giving protection and blessings) to the ritual wear for local cultural festivals. This study contributed to Taiwan’s digital archive of Matsu-oriented cultural heritage as the interviews with experts and literature review both shed light on Matsu-themed clothing designs, as well as their underlying significance, in an effort to start a fashion trend that builds a sense of identity among the Matsu-worshipping crowds. The questionnaire responses suggest that people who name T-shirts their No. 1 wardrobe staple, with a preference for sporty or casual fashion, will show higher interest in, and buy, Matsu-inspired clothing. It is proved that both the “Matsu-inspired fashion” and “wearable fashion” variables exert a positively influence on questionnaire items regarding Matsu-themed clothing designs/patterns, with the positive influence explaining 40% of the responses, a rather high percentage. Demographically speaking, the responses to questionnaire items regarding fashion preferences differ significantly among genders and also among places of residence; the responses to items regarding the favorite clothing design/pattern (under the “Matsu-inspired fashion” variable) differ significantly among levels of educational attainment. Also significant is the difference in “participation in local cultural events” among respondents with varying socio-economic status.
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Tsao, Chih-Chiang, and 曹智強. "The influence of surface pattern on the wear phenomenon in UHMWPE Pad." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10321863998281519691.
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碩士<br>元智大學<br>機械工程學系<br>93<br>To overcome the wear problems associated with artificial joint replacement, new surface structures with regular pattern were designed and fabricated. The surface structure was a pattern of dents with a diameter of 0.4-0.5mm and a pitch of 0.2-1.0mm.The patterns was fabricated on an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) surface by mechanical processes. The variations of friction force between Co-Cr-Mo and UHMWPE were measured in the pin on disk experiment, and the surface contour changes were observed. One of the objective of this research is to derive the correlation between the wear behavior and the friction situation such as plowing, as well as adhesion, friction coefficients caused by the various surface pattern of the UHMWPE.
The results showed lower frictional force occurred on the surface with pattern, however, smaller wear coefficients were measured on the non-patterned surface.
A single plowing experiment was also conducted by using AFM to investigate the micro wear phenomenon occurred on the UHMWPE surface. Plowing friction coefficient based on the indenter geometry was then correlated with the wear coefficient derived by the Archard wear model.
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Kao, Hao-Yuan, and 高浩源. "Wear Pattern Analysis of Total Hip Retrival Cases of Osteonecrosis or Osteoarthritis - Use of Depuy AML." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47627641477706287810.
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碩士<br>國立陽明大學<br>物理治療暨輔助科技學系<br>96<br>Polyethylene wear and subsequent generation of polyethylene particles have been reported as a main cause of osteolysis around and loosening of total hip replacements (THR). Osteonecrosis and osteoarthritis occur most frequently in patients with THR. These two diseases have different symptoms and age distribution of patients, and their survival rates are also different. The purpose of this study was to analyze wear conditions of total hip retrieval cases with osteonecrosis or osteoarthritis, to know their specific wear patterns, and to find out significant wear factors of THR. These works can provide some design parameters to slow down wearing of prostheses and prolong its survival time.
The retrieval implants from THR cases with the Depuy AML implants were collected in this study. The personal and clinical data of patients before and after the retrieval surgery were analyzed by preliminary statistical analyses. The worn areas of PE liners were measured and classified the wear pattern of PE liner by using the Image-J software. The results showed that the most common wear patterns of the osteonecrosis group were abrasion (100%) and component fracture & wear-through (92%). On the other hand, abrasion (100%) and cold flow (73%) were the first two patterns occurred in the osteoarthritis group. Three protocols were used to score the wear conditions, including the summation of scores for all worn areas within the whole cup, an ultimate score for the worst area within the whole cup, and the summation of integrated scores for four subdivisions. Without dividing into four subdivisions, there was no difference between the osteonecrosis and the osteoarthritis groups by summation or ultimate scoring method. After dividing into four subdivisions, the wear scores between the osteonecrosis and the osteoarthritis groups were different significantly. Comparing four subdivisions, there was significant differences between two diagnostic groups only in the inferior-anterior region. A modified scoring method is suggested to differentiate the wear condition between THR cases with different diseases.
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Ke, Jing Wen, and 柯靜雯. "A Study of Stone Knife Typology and Use-wear Pattern of Dahu Culture in Southwestern Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96451288464164213858.
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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>人類學研究所<br>104<br>Stone knife has been known as a category of agricultural tools in resent years. However, there are not much effective explanations about the real functions that stone knifes were before. In Taiwan, the Japanese scholars like Kokubu Naoichi had investigated and excavated a lot of stone knifes, and applied typology and ethnography to mention the possible functions and the objects used on. Many studies followed the traditions, but in this study, there is another method called use-wear analysis to apply to break the framework of typology. The method is a part of experimental archaeology; it is through establishing standard observation method to record the forms and distributions of scarring and micro-fractures on the artifacts, and returning the possible usage pattern by concrete wear.
The stone knifes this study analyzed were form NNK Site, WK Site, SPP Site, SPC Site, YHFS2 Site and WCTN Site from Dahu Culture Wushantou Phase (2800~2000 B.P.). This study applied low-power method to observe the use-wear on drills and blades. According to the results of the observations, there are different forms and distributions of use-wear on the blades in different types of stone knife.
This study divided stone knifes into five types, such as rectangular, triangular, half-moon-shaped, almond-shaped, and comb-shaped. The results presented that there were some shared characteristics in the six Site, for instance, most of stone knifes were side edge style, most of the fractures were not on the blade-side and some types preferred particular apex forms. This mutual use-wear pattern implied Dahu people had certain concepts and thoughts about the stone knifes. There must be some rules when they using them; nevertheless, there also showed different types presented differences of use-wear conditions in the blades and drills. It means that different types may have different usages. Besides, in each Site, different types presented different fractured levels on blades. Also there were different combinations of stone knifes in the Sites, the result may represent there were different business activities in these Sites.
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Fiorenza, Luca [Verfasser]. "Occlusal wear pattern analysis of functional morphology in Neanderthals and early Homo sapiens dentition / von Luca Fiorenza." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000297098/34.
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Su, Hung-Sen, and 蘇宏昇. "A Study of Manufacturing and Wear Resistance for Pulse Plating Film Coated on the Laser Hologram Pattern." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29391458893578360441.
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碩士<br>國防大學理工學院<br>車輛及運輸工程碩士班<br>100<br>There are many outstanding features of Ni-P and Ni-W-P, such as high performance, good at anti-corrosion, wear impedance and uniformly film thickness, those alloy are applied to the surface coating on all kinds of friction parts and molds. This research is focusing on the applied of Sulphamate-based bath on laser hologram pattern coating, it combines with the mechanical and anti-corrosion. This is mainly about to replace the weakness of Ni-Co using life and insufficient of alloy strengths.
First topic is Ni-Co coating, operating parameters mainly changes the conditions of current density and Co density, in the process of 2 factors, 3 levels by full-factorial experiments. The second part is about the development of Ni-P, investigating the operating parameters changes the operating conditions of frequency and duty cycle, in the process of two factors, three levels by full-factorial experiments, also integrating the Ni and Ni-P as multilayers technology to improve the ing supportive. We perform the plating experiment of three factors, three levels with Ni-W-P, coating P and W double element alloy with high hardness and anti-corrosion. For these work, a rotary frictional test machine will be used to carry out these experiments that adopt the ring on disk, or pin on disk tribo-pairs to simulate the mechanism surface contact and sliding movement. The tribological mechanisms of Ni-based alloy coatings can be clear classified through that the measurements of friction coefficients, wear resistance and the view of wear morphologies combined the elements detected on worn surfaces.
The research show Ni-Co coating, it’s micro hardness is 522 HV, friction coefficient is 0.368, coating weight loss is 0.46 mg, after wearing test, it worn through due to the lack of supportive. From the Ni-P pulse plating experiment, the operating frequency is 100 Hz, duty cycle 50 % are the most affective element against to coating, micro hardness is 662 HV, coating come with low Friction coefficient which is 0.310, the weight loss is 0.23 mg which able to raise the wear resistance doubled. After the heat treatment, the hardness could reach 1085 HV, friction coefficient 0.585. Through the heat treatment, the film instruction changed made the coating embrittlement easily. DC plating Ni-W-P is able to improve the weakness of binary alloy, such as residual stress, deformation…etc., and increasing P content on plating is contributing the improvement of plating instruction. As for the current density on 2 A/dm2 have the best result, deposition content of P ion reached 11.14 wt. %, W ion can reached 4.88 wt. %, and the most micro hardness is 726 HV, plating friction coefficient is 0.466, the minimum weight loss is 0.12 mg, the wear resistance is 3.8 times of Ni-Co, and preparing multi-alloy costing is getting more helping on the upgrading of mechanical quality. Therefore, developing Ni-W-P is able to satisfy precision mold during turning the mold.
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Stauch, Tilo. "Lokalisation und Volumenberechnung von femoralem Schaftabrieb an explantierten, zementierten Hüftendoprothesenschäften vom Typ CF-30 und dessen Relevanz als Faktor der aseptischen Lockerung." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-F1ED-F.
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Jain, Rong-Jhih, and 簡榮志. "Differences of Risk Factors in Various Wear Locations and Osteolysis Patterns for Total Hip Arthroplasty." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26270838015043495570.
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碩士<br>國立陽明大學<br>解剖學及細胞生物學研究所<br>101<br>Abstract
Several studies have shown many risk factors of wear of UHMWPE (ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene) liner in THA (total hip arthroplasty) in the west. The osteolysis caused by the particulate wear debris from implant has been recognized as the major cause of long-term failure in THA. A retrospective study was used to determine the influence of the risk factors on different wear positions in THA and the standard zones of periprosthetic radiolucencies (osteolysis pattern). The results could have the implication for longer in vivo time of THA for Asian.
This stuty’s criteria for 546 hip retrieval prostheses in Mackay memorial hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) were bilateral hip supine anteroposterior radiograph, total hip arthroplasty, and follow-up at least 5 years (60 months). 88 chosen hip retrieval prostheses was studied for the wear position of UHMWPE liners including general wear zone and severe wear zone. Osteolysis pattern on X-ray was classified using standard zones of periprosthetic radiolucencies including 3 acetabular zones (Charnley zones) and 7 femoral stem zones (Gruen zones). Information of 88 THA patients was recorded including gender, revision age, in vivo time, tab of liner, screws of metal cup, femoral head diameter, stem pattern, the brand of implant, affected side, inclination of cup, anteversion of cup, stem angle, liner wear score, osteolysis acetabular score, and osteolysis stem score. Data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software, and the results were considered to be significant when P < 0.05.
In conclusion, screws of cup and gender had significant difference in Charnley zone, and anteversion had significant difference in Gruen zone. The results showed THA that composed of cup without holes for screws, cup inclination 40°-50°, thickness of liner > 6 mm, femoral head diameter > 28 mm would have longer in vivo time comparing with other combination.
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Lee, Ming-Shan, and 李旻珊. "Design and Study on Civilization Marketing Applied to Pattern of Commodity - Take Pattern of PengHu Twin Heart Stone Weir for Instance." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37686414863582938451.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>設計研究所<br>98<br>Penghu possesses a world-class cultural heritage. The main subject of this research focuses on the “Twin Heart Stone Weir” which is located in the Chimei Township of Penghu County, Taiwan. “Twin Heart Stone Weir” is shaped in a unique way, the shape of two hearts. This “heart to heart” style symbolizes the locking of hearts. If you overlook this unique attraction from a cliff, you find that waves beat within the stone weir just like emotions beating in your heart. The beautiful metaphor of endless love shinning under the sunbeams fulfills the romantic need of many. “Twin Heart Stone Weir” has changed from its once fishing function to a popular sightseeing spot. Although “Twin Heart Stone Weir” has been ranked as a valuable cultural heritage, many travelers have visited this spot only as a part of a Cook’s tour, obtaining only a superficial understanding of this place. Although there is a great business opportunity in the Twin Heart Stone Weir, the related merchandise to this fantastic attraction is virtually inexistent. This is why this research will focus on developing the related merchandise by creating story plots related to this tourist attraction and the merchandise in order to be more persuasive. Stories can create emotional links between people and culture, and allow people to understand the culture more deeply. This is a vital strategy for cultural marketing. Consumers not only experience the cultural side of stone weir but also understand its real essence, and maintain the cultural spirit of stone weir for years to come.
This research not only discovered the origin of “Twin Heart Stone weir” by visiting and observing the geographical structure of stone weir on the spot but also by creating a connection between the symbolization and visual design which the designer has learned before. The designer tried to transform the elements of stone weir culture to images and to connect them with merchandise. The designer also tried to analyze the process and methodology of transforming the tangible and intangible style into images and merchandise, to integrate the local culture through story marketing, and to propose the association model between creative image and merchandise designing. The designer tried to instill the elements of design and esthetics to traditional folk culture image and expect to generate the uniqueness for the new stone weir culture. The development and designing for merchandise of stone weir culture can not only add value to local tourism but also create unique value to the “Twin Heart Stone Weir”.
This research developed the merchandise of the “Twin Heart Stone Weir” based on the concept of “Merchandise that can demonstrate its cultural identity and cultural characteristics”. The designer links traditional affections with modern technique, and brings it into daily life. This concept will allow consumers to enjoy not only the convenience which stone weir merchandise brings to them but also the visual sense of aesthetic. The more important thing is that stone weir cultural merchandise has the mission to promote, to convey, and to inherit this culture which will allow consumers to obtain another kind of value added during their user experience. The designer focused on the twin hearts shape to develop her two serials of designing: “Twinned, Romantic Love”, “Natural and Cultural Phenomenon”, and to apply in the stone weir culture related merchandise. According to the external appearance and internal cultural image of “Penghu Twin Heart Stone Weir”, the designer composed her designing about this culture and demonstrated related images, space, and merchandise which are also helpful to cultural creation. Creating meaningful cultural succession to this society, establishing the added-value of “Twin Heart Stone Weir” are all the designer’s major objectives to keep working on this project.
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Macho, Gabriele A., D. Shimizu, and I. R. Spears. "The effect of prism orientation and loading direction on contact stresses in prismatic enamel: implications for interpreting wear patterns." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3551.
Full textAbstract:
No<br>The ability of prisms to effectively dissipate contact stress at the surface will influence wear rates in teeth. The aim of this investigation was to begin to quantify the effect of prism orientation on surface stresses. Seven finite element models of enamel microstructure were created, each model differing in the angulation of prism orientation with regard to the wear surface. For validation purposes, the mechanical behavior of the model was compared with published experimental data. In order to test the enamel under lateral loads, a compressed food particle was dragged across the surface from the dentino-enamel junction (DEJ) towards the outer enamel surface (OES). Under these conditions, tensile stresses in the enamel model increased with increases in the coefficient of friction. More importantly, stresses were found to be lowest in models in which the prisms approach the surface at lower angles (i.e., more obliquely cut prisms), and highest when the prisms approached the surface at 60° (i.e., less obliquely cut). Finally, the direction of travel of the simulated food particle was reversed, allowing comparison of the difference in behavior between trailing and leading edge enamels (i.e., when the food particle was dragged either towards or away from the DEJ). Stresses at the trailing edge were usually lower than stresses at the leading edge. Taken together with what is known about prism orientation in primate teeth, such findings imply greater wear resistance at the intercuspal region and less wear resistance at the lateral enamel at midcrown. Such findings appear to be supported by archeological evidence.
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Chattopadhyay, Sujit Narayan. "The changing pattern of dominance in rural society: A study of seven villages in Weat Bengal." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/3436.
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"Global and local processing of hierarchical patterns in high-functioning autistic children: a test of weak central coherence theory." 1999. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890077.
Full textAbstract:
Chui Yuk Lan.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-84).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>ABSTRACT(ENGLISH AND CHINESE VERSION) --- p.ii<br>ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iv<br>TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v<br>LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii<br>LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xi<br>LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.xiii<br>Chapter CHAPTER I - --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1<br>Weak Central Coherence Theory --- p.1<br>Superior Spatial Hypothesis --- p.4<br>Superior Segmentation Hypothesis --- p.4<br>Global Precedence Hypothesis --- p.5<br>Perceptual Span Hypothesis --- p.5<br>Main Study-Global and Local Processing Study --- p.6<br>Eye Movement Study --- p.10<br>Purposes of the Present Study --- p.11<br>Chapter CHAPTER II - --- GLOBAL-LOCAL PROCESSING STUDY: METHOD --- p.12<br>Participants --- p.12<br>Apparatus and Setting --- p.12<br>Stimuli --- p.13<br>Design and Procedure --- p.14<br>Chapter CHAPTER III - --- GLOBAL-LOCAL PROCESSING STUDY: RESULTS --- p.19<br>Age and IQ --- p.19<br>Speed-Accuracy Trade Off --- p.19<br>Performance Indices --- p.19<br>Analyses Testing Global Precedence Hypothesis --- p.21<br>Analyses Testing Group Difference on Global/Local Precedence --- p.21<br>Analyses Testing Group Difference on Global-To-Local Interference --- p.24<br>Analyses Testing Group Difference on Local-To-Global Interference --- p.25<br>Analyses Testing the Perceptual Span Hypothesis --- p.39<br>Chapter CHAPTER IV - --- GLOBAL-LOCAL PROCESSING STUDY: DISCUSSION --- p.45<br>Implications of Incompatible Findings with Pervious Studies --- p.45<br>Implications of Partial Support of Global Precedence Hypothesis --- p.47<br>Interpretation of Perceptual Span Hypothesis --- p.50<br>Chapter CHAPTER V - --- EYE-MOVEMENT STUDY: METHOD --- p.51<br>Participants --- p.51<br>Materials --- p.51<br>Apparatus --- p.56<br>Design and Procedure --- p.56<br>Chapter CHAPTER VI - --- EYE-MOVEMENT STUDY: RESULTS --- p.62<br>Age and IQ --- p.62<br>Number of Objects Found in Object Search Tasks --- p.62<br>Total Number of Fixations --- p.62<br>Fixation Duration --- p.62<br>Distance of Fixations --- p.66<br>Fixations Located Outside the Screen --- p.66<br>Fixations Located Within the Screen but Outside the Designated Areas --- p.66<br>Number of Fixations Located Inside the Designated Areas --- p.67<br>Chapter CHAPTER VII - --- EYE-MOVEMENT STUDY: DISCUSSION --- p.73<br>Implications of Eye-Movement Patterns --- p.73<br>Possible Explanations for Eye-Movement Patterns --- p.74<br>Speculation of Faster Information Processing --- p.74<br>Chapter CHAPTER VIII - --- GENERAL DISCUSSION --- p.76<br>Possible Explanations of Global-Local Processing Findings --- p.76<br>Relations to the Weak Central Coherence Theory --- p.77<br>Limitations and Suggestions --- p.79<br>REFERENCES --- p.81<br>APPENDICES --- p.85
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Liao, Horng-Ru, and 廖宏儒. "An application of Fourier grain-shape analysis to the study of source and dispersal pattern of coastal sediments on the weat coast of Taiwan." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93705800761239964970.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>海洋研究所<br>85<br>Extensive offshore barrier sand-bars are well developed
along the southwest coast of Taiwan. 48 sediment samples were
collected from major rivers, beach,and offshore bars and Fourier
grain-shape analysis (FGSA) were couducted to determine the
source of these offshore sand-bar and the dispersal pattern of
coastal sediments. Analysis using self-developed FGSA imaging
system shows that there are systematic difference in mean
amplitude values for harmonics 2-24between quartz grains
collected from different enviroments. The result impliesthat
quartz grains in the river sand are significantly more angular
than those from beach sand and offshore bar, quartz grain from
offshore sand-bar being theleast angular. The observed
variation in roundness is subtle in that average Fourier round-
ness ranges from 0.15(river sand) to 0.18(beach sand) and to
0.21(offshore sandbar). Such small variation in grain roundness
cannot be easily differentiatedbase on Krumbein's roundness
scale, and shape analysis of large quantity of quartz grain are
needed in order to yield statistically significant result. The
observed systematic shape difference are attributed to abrasion
and selective sorting. Quartz sands from beach and offshore
sand-bar is singifi-cantly less angular than river sand, due to
the combined effect of river and wave abrasion. The reason for
the differnces between beach and offshore sand-bar is more
complicated. Hydraulic sorting in the swash zone favors rounder
grain, therefore offshore sand-bar may be subjected to longer or
more intensivesorting processes that lead to accumulation of
preferentially rounded sands. Another interpretation is the
proximity of beaches to river source, thereforebeaches recive
more angular sediments than offshore sand-bars.