Journal articles: 'Weapons legislation of the Czech Republic'

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Brechler, Josef, and Adam Geršl. "Political legislation cycle in the Czech Republic." Constitutional Political Economy 25, no. 2 (November 29, 2013): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10602-013-9149-4.

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Krysova, Zdena. "HIV/AIDS legislation in the Czech Republic." Journal of Community Health 20, no. 2 (April 1995): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02260341.

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Šedová, Jindřiška. "Transparency of Shareholders in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 2 (2014): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462020415.

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The recodification of commercial and civil law in the Czech Republic has resulted in a new concept for the legislation relating to securities. Significant changes have also been made to the legislation covering shares. The new legislation concerns not only the actual form of shares, but also their circulation. The aim of this article is to highlight the most important changes in the legislation relating to bearer shares, especially bearer shares in paper form, and to assess these changes from the viewpoint of their impact on the transparency of joint stock companies and uncontrolled circulation of shares. This assessment will be based on an appraisal of the importance of bearer shares for capital business in the Czech Republic and the effects the new legislation is expected to bring about. The article will also consider possible alternatives in the behavior of shareholders (investors) who prefer to remain anonymous.

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Valentova, Eva. "Waste Management in the Czech Republic." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 2, no. 6 (2005): 502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601005x00507.

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AbstractMajor changes have taken place in the Czech waste management system based on national waste treatment legislation adopted in 2001. This legislation revised the interpretation of essential terms, including "waste", so as to reflect new developments in the field of EU waste management. It also adopted new strategies in the area of waste classification and waste management; as a fundamental principle, waste recovery is now given priority over waste disposal. Waste management plans have become a critical component of the Czech waste management system. The powers and responsibilities of municipal councils and State authorities have also been re-organised.

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Bednářová, Markéta, and Eva Lásková. "Long-Term Residence Permit in the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic and the Republic of Poland." Studia Prawa Publicznego, no. 2 (30) (June 15, 2020): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2020.2.30.4.

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In all three Central European countries, long-term residence is defined as residence for a specific purpose of more than 90 days. The requirements for granting this type of residence are generally similar with differences in the individual types of purpose of this residence permit. The Polish Act contains a category that could be defined as ‘above-framework’, expanding the range of options that make it possible to obtain long-term residence. The Slovak legislation contains the purpose of “special activities”. In comparison with the Czech legislation, the range of possibilities for obtaining long-term residence in Slovakia is more extensive and less rigid. Specifically, in the case of long-term residence for the purpose of study, there is a fundamental difference in the legislation in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic, where Slovak legislators include in the term “study” all university, secondary, and higher vocational education. The Polish Act mentions only university studies and doctoral studies. The administration related to the admission of a foreign student to a specific school in the territory is certainly more extensive and demanding in Poland, with both the minister and the voivode enter the process beyond the framework of standard state administration bodies. The arrangement of the Act reveals a fundamental difference in Poland, where the sequence and logic of the arrangement is different to the Czech or Slovak legislation, which is expressed in which institutions Poland focus greater attention and emphasis or importance. None of the countries completely leaves the issue of visas for aliens from third countries unregulated. Although the legislation is identical in many respects, there are differences between individual institutions and the periods for which a visa can be issued. However, the issue of alien law is, at first sight, very extensive and content-intensive in all the above Central European countries, as evidenced by the length of the legislation itself, the complexity of individual institutions, and specific complexity of the provisions.

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Singrova, V., and P. Hlustik. "Legislation governing wastewater discharges in the Czech Republic." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 444 (February 7, 2020): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/444/1/012050.

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Wanner, Jirí, Jakub S. Cech, Miroslav Kos, and Michael Barchánek. "Municipal effluent standards in the Czech Republic." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 12 (June 1, 1996): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0289.

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The paper explains the need for proper wastewater treatment in the Czech Republic and the development of legislation for effluent standards. A step-wise development from environmental quality standards to emission effluent standards is described. The necessity of retaining the environmental quality standards in the new legislation under specific conditions of the Czech Republic is explained. The paper describes the proposal by the Czech Association of Wastewater Treatment Experts to change the absolute effluent standards to standards with a stochastic character. The numerical values of effluent standards in the Czech Republic depend on the wastewater treatment plant size. Thus the wastewater treatment processes characteristic of individual size categories are described.

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Сакович, Ольга, and Olga Sakovich. "NONPROFIT LEGAL ENTITIES IN THE LEGISLATION OF CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 2, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18184.

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The author observes different stages of legal regulation of nonprofit organization activities from 1990 till our days in Czech Republic and Slovakia in presented article. The author attends the reforms of civil legislation, which were carried out in this states, and notes the differences in methods of carrying out the reforms in Czech Republic and Slovakia, in spite of existing dualism of private law in both countries. The article reveals the results of Czech reforms of legislation, regulating nonprofit legal persons. The author examines the established system of common and special laws, regulated nonprofit organizations in Czech Republic and Slovakia and points out their identity and differences. Author reviews the law terms which are used in legislation and science literature of both states. Also author underlines that in the civil codes of Czech Republic and Slovakia legal persons are not divided into commercial legal entities and nonprofit legal entities. The types of nonprofit organizations in Czech Republic and Slovakia are examined in the present article and the main attention author pays to government legal persons and their structure. Author explores legislative regulation of commercial activities of nonprofit organization. Also author of the article pays attention to fundraising of nonprofit organizations and their taxation. On the basis of the research the author defines the trends of legal regulation of this category of legal persons, and underlines the importance of the nonprofit sector in social and economic life in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

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Kryska, David. "Organization of Czech and Polish Administrative Judiciary." International and Comparative Law Review 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iclr-2016-0080.

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Abstract The author, on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of most recent reforms of administrative judiciary in the Czech Republic and the Republic of Poland, compares the legislation of Czech and Polish administrative judiciary. The article is divided into three parts, the first two discuss the legislation in both countries. Constitutional foundations of the organization and the system of administrative judiciary are addressed there. Subsequently, the author deals separately with the legislation of lower levels of the system and the legislation of supreme administrative courts, focussing on judges and other professional staff and the structure of the courts. Both the parts are rounded by an interpretation of the instruments for unification of the judicature. The third part of the paper includes the final summary.

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Svirák, Pavel, and Karel Brychta. "Intangible asset tax depreciation in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 7 (2011): 527–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159070527.

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This paper aims to familiarize readers with the legislative development of intangible asset tax depreciation in the Czech Republic since 1993. The paper is divided into several basic chapters, of which the main chapter describes and analyzes the development of legislation in three thus-existing legal modes regulating intangible asset tax depreciation (the periods 1993–2000; 2001–2004; 2004–2011). A separate sub-chapter deals with each of these three modes, which fundamentally differ in the concept of determining tax depreciations. For better clarity, changes in the legislation in question are described using tables. Over the first mentioned mode, i.e. the mode valid for assets acquired in the period 1993–2000, intangible asset tax depreciations were determined by the same manner as tangible asset tax depreciations. This period is characterized by gradual establishment (specification) of legislation that may be partially attributed to the stormy development of social conditions and the need for them to be reflected in law. For the period 2001–2003, standard amendments were contained in accounting regulations. The Income Tax Act (hereinafter ITA) did not contain an amendment of intangible assets and its depreciations. It merely determined that accounting depreciations of intangible assets were a tax expense. Nevertheless, changes also occurred in this short time period, which this paper will later address. Effective from 2004, legislation on intangible assets and their tax depreciations returned to the ITA. Changes came in this mode of determining depreciations as well; nevertheless, one may consider the current legislative regulation to be stabilized. Later in this paper for the selected category of intangible assets (software), the authors describe and assess the dependence of the portion of the entry price entering tax expenses in the form of tax depreciations on the year of acquiring intangible assets. To achieve the stated objectives, the comparative method was applied (used mainly to describe and assess how legislation developed) and the modeling method (establishing models describing the impact of legislative regulation on the tax expenses of taxpayers). When elaborating this paper, the authors also chose to use so-called paired logic methods.

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Pelclová, Daniela, Zdenka Fenclová, and Pavel Urban. "Asbestos Exposure, Legislation and Diseases in the Czech Republic." Central European Journal of Public Health 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a3424.

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Coufalová, Bronislava. "Agent Provocateur in the Legislation of the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and the USA." International and Comparative Law Review 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iclr-2016-0004.

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Summary In relation to the activities of organized crime groups and their dynamic development in the areas of corruptive behavior which seems to be aimed at not only the leading representatives of the national political scene, but also at the area of national economy, economy and culture, discussions keep arising especially in the lay public about the enactment of the institute of the so called agent provocateur into the Czech legal environment. This institute has many supporters and also many opponents. Also some foreign legislations could be an inspiring element for the Czech legislation.

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Kascian, Kiryl, and Hanna Vasilevich. "Czech Republic Acknowledgement of Belarusian and Vietnamese as New Minorities." European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online 12, no. 1 (November 24, 2015): 353–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004306134_015.

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As a result of the Czech government decision of 3 July 2013, the Government Council for National Minorities was expanded to the representatives of Belarusian and Vietnamese minorities. This article discusses the aspects of the Czech minority-related legislation within the context of this decision. The article also focuses on the formation of these two minorities during history and on their current position in the Czech society.

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Vach, K., P. Holubec, and A. Dlesk. "NEW TRENDS IN GIS AND BIM FOR FACILITY MANAGEMENT IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (November 19, 2018): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-135-2018.

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Abstract. Most of the state bureaus and ministries in the Czech Republic are located in the capital city Prague. The buildings are situated mostly in historical part of the city, where are high demands on compliance with the cultural heritage laws. Currently, the buildings are in unsatisfactory building conditions, their maintenance is expensive and due to complicated legislation and political processes the buildings are in a state of “permanent repairs”. More than twenty years our company operates and co-develops GIS/BIM application for facility management of administrative buildings in the Czech Republic. The main topics of this contribution is to present our general experiences in GIS and BIM development which is based on our concrete cases dealt with Czech ministries, to present basic legislation requirements in Czech facility management and to evaluate current trends in the field of GIS and BIM for facility management in the Czech Republic in response to other official state registries.

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ČernÍková, M. "The czech republic atmospheric protection in the context of tax legislation." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp-v9-n1-1-14.

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Hronec, Andrej. "Energy Legislation in the Czech Republic—Steps Towards the EU Model." Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law 17, no. 1 (February 1999): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02646811.1999.11433158.

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Cole, Janet. "European union air protection legislation: And is the Czech Republic ready?" European Environment 5, no. 5 (September 1995): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eet.3320050505.

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Sejkora, Tomáš. "Declaration of Tax Information in Constitutional Court Cases in the Czech Republic." Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.53116/pgaflr.2019.1.6.

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This contribution is focused on the trend to demand various declaration of taxable persons via specific forms issued based only on the wide and vague authorisation of the Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic. The aim of this paper is to familiarise readers with the relevant Czech regulation and case law of the Czech Constitutional Court and to provide conclusions evaluating this case law and legislation. The beginning of this paper is devoted to respective provisions of the Tax Procedure Code, Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, Act on VAT and Act on Transactions evidence. Then, the part dealing with the development of the Constitutional Court approach evaluating the practice of the tax administration follows. Finally, the author provides his conclusions estimating future development in this issue. Scientific methods used in this paper are analysis, induction, deduction and description. The aim of the contribution is therefore the evaluation how the recent case law will affect the current legislation and what steps should be made by the Czech Parliament.

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Čejková, Tereza, and Nikol Nevečeřalová. "Practical Issues in Tax Proceedings in the Czech Republic." Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53116/pgaflr.2018.1.10.

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This contribution deals with practical problems of entities obligated to a tax and of tax administrators. If the collection of taxes and fees is essential to finance the running of the state and its authorities and organizational units, it is necessary to make this process as simple as possible, the least demanding and demotivating. In this paper, the authors will examine in terms of legality and real necessity, and then there may be other legislation ways proposed.

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Vasko, A. "COMPARISON OF LEGAL POSSIBILITIES OF USING INTELLIGENCE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC AND IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2021.77.1.140-145.

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The purpose of this article is to study the possibilities of using operational-search information in criminal proceedings in the Slovak and Czech Republics. The author analyzes the current legislation on the issues under study in the context of criminal procedure law. The purpose of the study is to analyze and justify the possibility of using the results of operational investigative activities in criminal proceedings, mainly in the collection of evidence in both countries. Comparing the legal norms, the author came to the conclusion that the use of operational-search data is possible and applicable in the criminal proceedings of the Slovak Republic, including as evidence. In the Czech Republic, the current situation is different: operational data cannot be used as evidence. At the same time, preparations are currently underway to amend the legislation. Under the current circumstances, it can be expected that the importance of operational investigative data in criminal proceedings in both countries will increase.

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Pasek, Jan, Martin Casensky, and Jakub Stransky. "The Operational and Environmental Consequences of the Polystyrene Insulation Disposal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 824 (January 2016): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.824.180.

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In connection with the significant volume of polystyrene embedded in buildings as thermal insulation, in the next few years it will be needed to solve the matter of its disposal after the end of its life cycle. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) has been used as a flame retardant in polystyrene thermal insulation (EPS and XPS) for the last 50 years. The internationally recognized Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants prohibits future production, use and recycling of materials that contain HBCDD. It also, to a large extent, limits the options of waste management of such materials. European legislation, in particular Regulation (EC) No 850/2004 and the so called REACH Directive, established a binding legal framework for EU Member States which reduces waste management options of material containing HCDBB practically only to incineration. In the coming years, this fact requests fundamental changes in disposal of construction and demolition waste containing the polystyrene insulation and related processes on construction sites in the Czech Republic. The research is based on the analysis of the international and the Czech legislation related to this issue, and the analysis of material and technological context. The paper focuses on possible operational, economic, energy and environmental impact on the construction industry and environment, and compares the current situation in the Czech Republic with other European countries, and assesses the readiness of the Czech Republic to deal with the upcoming legislation changes.

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Hamuľáková, Klára, and Jana Petrov Křiváčková. "Alternative Methods of Collective Disputes Resolution in the Czech Republic." Baltic Journal of European Studies 6, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 96–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2016-0014.

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Abstract On 11 June 2013, the Commission issued the Recommendation on common principles for injunctive and compensatory collective redress mechanisms in the Member States concerning the violations of rights granted under Union law. The main areas where private enforcement of rights granted under Union law in the form of collective redress is of value are consumer protection, competition, environment protection, protection of personal data, financial services legislation and protection of investments. Point 13 of the Recommendation concurrently emphasises that the principles it puts forward relate both to judicial and out-of-court collective redress. The Member States should ensure that judicial collective redress mechanisms are accompanied by appropriate means of collective alternative dispute resolution available to the parties before and throughout the litigation. Point 25 et seq. of the Recommendation then contains special regulations concerning collective alternative dispute resolution and settlements. The purpose of this article is to evaluate if the current legislation on alternative dispute resolution in the Czech Republic meets the principles encompassed in the Recommendation or if radical legal changes need to be adopted.

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Hruza, Filip. "Municipal Bankruptcy: Pilot Experience from Czech Republic." Review of European Studies 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v8n1p87.

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Local governments are important parts of public sector and they play significant role in daily life of residents. Their role is usually underestimated in comparison with central government tasks and responsibilities. Residents usually realize the real importance of municipal role when municipalities are in financial problems or even bankruptcy and for these reasons they have to restrict their services. This research paper focuses on the issue of financially distressed Czech municipalities and relevant financial areas or indicators in period prior financial problems of municipalities similar to a bankruptcy. This case study is specific due to the fact that this country misses bankruptcy legislation for municipalities and small total number of already existing cases of municipal bankruptcy due to limited time period of their higher autonomy after 1989. Thus the research sample of comparable cases is very limited and this paper serves as a pilot case study. The research for this paper is focused on the financial management of municipalities from the perspective of negative financial situations and the preceding phase to reveal and achieve certain preliminary findings and experience as a pilot lesson for financial management improvements and further exploration and research.

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Coufalová, Bronislava. "Criminal Responsibility and the System of Sanctioning Juvenile Offenders in the Czech Republic and Hungary." International and Comparative Law Review 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/iclr-2018-0049.

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Abstract The criminal responsibility and the system of sanctioning juvenile offenders is one of fundamental criminal law issues. Individuals who start a criminal career early on are usually not easy to reintegrate into normal life. That is one reason why it is necessary to discuss the problem of juvenile justice in depth. The legal literature in the Czech Republic is devoted to this topic on a large scale, however Hungarian legislation has not yet been analysed fo purposes of comparation. The Czech Republic and Hungary fall under the United Nations categorization to Eastern Europe and therefore certain similar features can be assumed. On the other hand any identified differences may be the basis for future changes of the legislation.

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Ficek, Martin, Lukáš Pavlík, Rui Miguel Soares Silva, and Michaela Mikuličová. "Influence of distance to depth shot of a CO2-powered airsoft gun with lead shot ammunition and shape of the temporary and permanent cavity in ballistic gelatine." MATEC Web of Conferences 292 (2019): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929203010.

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The increasing aggression in the population, which is undoubtedly associated with the onset of narcissism, also entails an increase in the number of assaults in society. Of course, the number of clashes when a Weapon is used is also increasing. In most cases, these are weapons classified as weapons of category D (according to the Czech legislation), especially air guns, expansion weapons, and airsoft guns. This fact needs to be addressed, not by impulsive bans under duress, but by subjecting these weapons to the investigation, especially in the field of wounding ballistics, which answers the questions about the wounding potential of these weapons. This paper deals with one of these weapons, specifically airsoft gun with used ammunition lead shot. The depth of the shot and the size of the temporary and permanent cavity in relation to the distance were investigated, the contact distance was measured, and then the distance of 5 m.

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Scheinost, Miroslav. "A Letter from the Czech Republic: The State of Criminality in the Czech Republic—A Challenge for Legislation, Prevention and Research." Crime Prevention and Community Safety 2, no. 3 (July 2000): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.cpcs.8140065.

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Madar, Zdenek. "Harmonization of National Environmental Law with EU Legislation: Case of Czech Republic." Environmental Policy and Law 27, no. 4 (1997): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/epl-1997-27423.

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Zeman, Petr. "Legislation and Practice concerning Prosecution of Drug Offenses in the Czech Republic." Journal of Drug Issues 37, no. 1 (January 2007): 45–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204260703700103.

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Kohajda, Michael, and Jiri Moravec. "Judicial Review of Municipal Legislation on Hazard Games in the Czech Republic." Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53116/pgaflr.2019.1.5.

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The aim of the article is to discover fundamental regulating legislative activities of municipalities in the field of hazard games. For several recent years there have been a lot of problematic cases relating to authorisations to carry on hazard games in the Czech towns and villages that have had to be decided by the Ministry of Finance and later by administrative courts and the Constitutional Court. Some of the decisions can be considered fundamental and very relevant for fundamental principles of municipal legislation making. The authors focus on elected court decisions with the aim to evaluate the practise of municipalities in the field.

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Alamets, Katrin, Magdalena Bicanová, Petra Judová, Henn Pärnamets, Levente Ronczyk, and Sylva Rödlová. "Water Quality Changes and Its Trends in the Czech Republic." Geografie 109, no. 2 (2004): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2004109020181.

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The state of environment in 1989 was a result of political and economic development of Czechoslovakia during preceding 40 years. Political and economical changes were the reason why the water quality in the Czech Republic has been significantly changing since 90's. In this text we want to describe not only these changes, but also their causes, including the legislation changes due to preparation for the membership in the EU and their consequences in the field of water management, water quality, water ecosystems restoration and others.

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Petrů, Jan, and Vladislav Křivda. "HEIGHT AND WIDTH PARAMETERS FOR ENSURING PASSAGE OF EXCESSIVE LOADS ON ROADS." Acta Polytechnica 57, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2017.57.0209.

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The article deals with the problem of passage of excessive transports on the roads and ensuring the necessary height and width parameters for this transport in the Czech Republic. Currently is lack of regulations for the design of communications for transit of excessive and oversized cargo in the Czech Republic. On the basis of these aspects the research in this area was carried out and the parameters were set to ensure the passage of excessive loads on the road. The article describes the issue of transportation in the Czech Republic, created database of transports with its resulting statistical analysis. It also describes the procedure for determining the resulting parameters, which should serve as a basis for the legislation and technical conditions.

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Burkovičová, Radmila. "Changes in the Educational Practice in Kindergartens in the Czech Republic." Studia Edukacyjne, no. 46 (January 19, 2020): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/se.2017.46.24.

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Relatively extensive changes are currently taking place in the system of preschool education in the Czech Republic, which will mainly affect the educational landscape of kindergartens. A personality--oriented model of preschool education requires a considerate, understanding and helping approach to each child. The joint education of all children, where inclusion occurs for certain children who were excluded from children’s communities in the past, is happening within the context of Czech and international legislation. Supporting measures are provided to children where required. However, such measures may ultimately also benefit the teacher

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Feuereisel, J. "Game appreciation in legislative conditions of the Czech Republic." Journal of Forest Science 49, No. 12 (January 16, 2012): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4726-jfs.

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An analysis was made of the present situation concerning game appreciation in the Czech Republic. A study was conducted into effective laws and regulations related to the valuation of nature. There is no legally binding directive for game appreciation in the Czech Republic at the present time. A questionnaire method (Contingent Valuation Method – CVM) was used to survey the activities of all 87 authorised experts in game management currently registered in the Czech Republic. It was found out that the game is appreciated as property, which contradicts to its legal status (res nullius). The most frequently used methods of game appreciation are a yield (demand) method and a comparative method. It is necessary to establish legal conditions under which the social value of all game species and other wildlife could be determined in order to ensure their survival and to strengthen the tools of their protection. The legislation in force authorises the Ministries of Agriculture and of the Environment of the Czech Republic to issue a relevant decree.

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Drbohlav, Dušan. "Immigration and the Czech Republic (with a Special Focus on the Foreign Labor Force)." International Migration Review 37, no. 1 (March 2003): 194–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2003.tb00134.x.

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This article presents an overview of international migration in the Czech Republic, with a special focus on labor immigration. Currently, the Czech Republic is an immigration and transit country. The most important immigratory segment — economic immigrants — create a colorful mosaic of various ethnicities (80% of them from Europe), each group with their own different economic strategy and niche. After sketching historical patterns and data problems, the focus is on the current situation of labor migrants in the country. A number of issues are addressed: e.g., the relationship between immigrant inflows and the economic situation of the country; immigrants’ regional concentration/deconcentration processes; the popularity of the capital city of Prague and western regions vis-a-vis eastern ones; and the different structural backgrounds of immigrants coming from the East versus the West. Special attention is placed on undocumented/illegal immigration, mainly in relation to the misuse and evasion of immigration legislation. Finally, the immature Czech migration policies and practices are discussed, as are needed policy improvements and the need for new immigration legislation. It is clear that the major trend over time leads to more restrictive migratory policies, in line with efforts to harmonize Czech migratory policies and practices with those of the European Union (EU).

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Palát, M., Š. Dvořáková, and N. Kupková. " Consumption of beef in the Czech Republic." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 58, No. 7 (July 23, 2012): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/72/2011-agricecon.

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The paper is aimed at the demand for beef. Its objective is to evaluate the development of beef consumption in the market of the Czech Republic, and particularly to identify the factors affecting the level of demand for beef. It refers to the analysis of the development of beef consumption in the Czech Republic depending on its price and costs of the selected kinds of its near substitutes, when their relationships are evaluated through their relationships are evaluated methods of regression and correlation analysis. The paper proves statistically the existence of relations among these crucial factors determining the demand. There are, of course, other factors affecting the position and tendency of a demand curve. It refers, for example, to various tastes, customs, traditions, the degree of urbanization, the possible health benefits or risks, legislation or the expected decline or increase of prices of the particular kinds of meat. All factors mentioned above cannot be, however, included into the analysis because their values are not available and many of them cannot be even quantified. Results of the statistical analysis prove the fundamental role of final consumers in forming the demand for beef, when they are above all affected by prices of beef and its substitutes.  

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Stejskal, Vojtêch. "Nature Conservation and Landscape Protection Including the Natura 2000 Network in the Czech Legal System." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 4, no. 2 (2007): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601007x00127.

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AbstractThe Czech Republic has been a party to most of the important multilateral international nature conservation and biodiversity protection agreements. In 1992 there was adopted the Act No. 114/1992 Coll., on nature conservation and landscape protection. This Act is the basic Act in the area of nature and biodiversity protection and management in the Czech Republic. The Act and the providing legislation are only partially compatible with the EC secondary law, namely Habitats and Birds Directives. But the most problematic issue is an enforcement of nature protection law in practice.

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Brychta, Karel. "Effective tax rate for income from employment in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic – a comparative study." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 7 (2013): 2005–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072005.

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The objective of this paper is primarily to compare and describe the development of the effective tax rate (relative tax burden) on the taxpayer earning only income from employment and emoluments in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The reason for choosing this type of income has been its importance in terms of the volume of tax collection in the area of natural persons income tax in the Czech Republic. The actual comparison has been performed for the years 2010, 2011 and 2012. In all cases, the legal status was considered that was valid and effective as of 31. 12. of particular year. Comparison of the effective tax rate was performed not only between the individual countries themselves, but also chronologically for individual countries (the Czech and Slovak Republics, respectively). After the general introduction, the relevant legislation as to incomes from employment and emoluments in both countries is explained. A separate chapter discusses the specification of the applied methodology, within which basic starting points and the simplifications applied are defined. Another part of the paper contains outputs from compiled mathematical models. These are presented in the form of graphic outputs and supplemented with commentary.

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Hudský, Jakub. "Uwarunkowania prawne działalności gospodarczej w Czechach." Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne 22 (July 19, 2018): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1733-5779.22.5.

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LEGAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN THE CZECH REPUBLICThere are two designations connected with business activity in Czech commercial legislation — business activity hospodářská činnost and živnost. Despite that the definitions of these terms are identical in substantive elements, the živnost is a narrower concept. The types of the živnost function in accordance to the rules indicated in the law. There are some types of business activities listed in the law, which are indicated as activity but not a živnost. For example, medical activity, activities of lawyers, activities of sworn translators, or agricultural activity. Czech legislation also distinguishes two main types of business activity in terms of živnost. Namely, notified business activity ohlašovací živnost and licensed activity. If an entity wishes to pursue a živnost business activity in the Czech Republic, there are two requirements: full legal capacity and no criminal records on business.

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Uhlířová, Marta. "Legal aspects of the crimes committed in insolvency proceedings – comparison of Czech and Austrian legislation." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 7 (2013): 2911–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072911.

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The subject of this paper is to compare the Czech and Austrian legislation considering offenses which entrepreneurs and other entities (natural person) may commit within the insolvency proceedings or which are related to the insolvency. Emphasis is placed on the comparison of Czech and Austrian legislation with regard cross-border relationships within the business environment and living between the Czech Republic and Austria.Czech entrepreneurs and natural person in Austria can get into a situation where their debtor is located in Austria and finds himself insolvent or vice versa. Also the Czech entrepreneurs and natural person may do their bussines or live in Austria and may get into such a situation when they are close to the situation which can lead to their decline. This paper would be for them a practical recommendation on how to avoid potential criminal liability.

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Bartůňková, Lucie. "Are companies in the Czech Republic ready to implement IFRS for SMEs?" Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 7 (2012): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260070039.

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The process of integration and globalization is closely related to the need for harmonization of accounting at international level. In this connection International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have been developed, which are primarily designed for companies whose securities are traded on regulated markets of the European Union. However, as the importance of small and medium-sized entities has been recently on the increase, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) also issued after five years of effort in July 2009 the International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs). At present, there is no legislation for the application of this standard in the Czech Republic or any other state of the European Union. Each jurisdiction must determine whether to adopt IFRS for SMEs, to what extent and for which entities the standard is mandatory and for which it is not. Already in previous years the European Commission analyzed data from surveys on this new standard and discussed its advantages and disadvantages. To date, however, it has not taken a single decision on whether to adopt and incorporate the standard into the European accounting legislation. The question also remains what attitude towards IFRS for SMEs companies operating in the Czech Republic will take. That is why this paper analyzes the opinions of some Czech companies belonging to the group of SMEs on the potential adoption of this standard.

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Vyklický, Martin, Petr Man, Rudolf Franz Heidu, and Radek Jurčík. "Qualification Requirements for Foreign Suppliers in Public Procurement – Evidence from the Czech Republic." DANUBE: Law and Economics Review 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/danb-2016-0002.

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Abstract Qualification requirements for foreign suppliers in Public Procurement (PP) are quite different in each European Union (EU) member state. The most complex requirements for foreign suppliers in the context of public purchases are included in the Czech PP law. The aim of this paper is to make an overview of the problem of qualification requirements for foreign suppliers in the PP law of the CR. Its sub-objectives are the identification and explanation of solutions to the problem in the PP legislation of neighboring countries of the CR that are also members of the EU. The methodological part of the contribution is based mainly on the analysis and critical evaluation of the current state of legal issues relating to the proof of qualification of foreign suppliers in PP orders of the CR; with examples of fairly extensive decision-making practices of the Office for the Protection of Competition and law courts, including the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice. The paper highlights the unnecessary complexity of qualification requirements that, on purely formal grounds, inhibits submissions of tenders from potential foreign suppliers that would otherwise be able to submit a bid for a public contract without any problems whatsoever. The authors are using and applying a comparative-legal method in the context of the comparison of the PP legislation of neighboring countries of the CR that are also members of the EU. The case study of foreign suppliers bidding for above-threshold public tenders in the CR at the minimum legal requirements of the contracting authority (CA) for proof of qualification, the comparation study with selected EU countries or analysis of the development of the proportion of public contracts awarded to foreign suppliers in 2010–2014 shows that there is legislation uncertainty in EU PP law that should be reduced and simplified on an EC basis.

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Kučera, Bohuslav, Miroslav Jůzl, and I. Ingr. "Quality evaluation of the pig carcases in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 57, no. 4 (2009): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200957040137.

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In 1973 was proclaimed the Hybridization program within pig breeding in Czechoslovakia. It was aimed at improving better pork quality and increasing higher nutrition value through meat specialization hybrids. Duroc, Hampshire, Pietrain and Landrace breeds were using in hybridization. Proclaiming the new form meat commercializing of pigs should to ensure better interest of breeders on producing meat specialized hybrids. This form was initiated in EEC since 1985 and Czechoslovakia was prepared to ensure authorized grading assessment methods slaughter-pigs. Since March 2004 the Czech Republic is a member state of the European Union with harmonized legislation similir to EU legislature. New instruments as FOM, Ultra-FOM, ZP and HGP 4 were purchased. There SEUROP system were established. Submitted study observes quality development slaughtering pigs since the nineties to present. Pork quality was increased more rapidly than expected and in 2007 was reached the estimated level in 2010. Examples of grading methods in monitored periods is mentioned and particular effects commented.

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Kučerová, R. "Factors of the attractiveness of Slovak wine market and their influence on the Czech wine export to Slovakia." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 9 (September 30, 2014): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/130/2013-agricecon.

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The contribution follows the development of Czech wine exports to Slovakia, depending on the development of the wine industry attractiveness in Slovakia. Wine export from the Czech Republic to Slovakia in the terms of volume and value of exports, both globally and in the division of export bulk and bottled wine, is confronted with the development of factors influencing the wine sector attractiveness in Slovakia. The Slovak wine market is a market in the phase of growth, the wine consumption per capita in 2011 reached 14.7 Lt.; the domestic production covered only 46% of the domestic consumption. The level of the industry concentration is high, the 6 largest companies produce more than 18.5 mill. Lt. of wine – 50% of the total domestic production. Wine legislation is comparable to the Czech legislation, the purchasing power of the customers shows a positive development, but the cheap table wine imports still represent more than 50% of the total domestic consumption. The opportunity for Czech exporters is the factor represented by the size and growth of the market and the legislation, too. The situation is rather more positive for the re-export of cheap wine from other countries than the direct export of Czech wine to Slovakia in case of other analyzed factors.  

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Hrabalová, A., and K. Zander. "Organic beef farming in theCzechRepublic: structure, development and economic performance." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 2 (February 17, 2012): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5000-agricecon.

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The paper analyzes the development and the prospects of organic farming in the Czech Republic with particular emphasis on organic beef farming. The background information on organic farming in the Czech Republic regarding the structure of land use, legislation and support payments as well as a short description of the market for organic beef is provided. An analysis of the economic performance and of the impact of payments on the economic situation of organic beef farms follows. Grazing livestock farms, mostly cow-calf systems, are the most widespread farm type in the Czech Republic. Five typical farm models were set up with the aim of giving an overview of the diversity of organic beef production systems. The results indicate that organic beef farming is in most cases economically viable. Nevertheless, organic farming payments, as well as other payments, account for a high share of economic success, so that it can be stated that organic grazing livestock farms are highly dependent on support payments.

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Březinová, Monika. "Beer Industry in the Czech Republic: Reasons for Founding a Craft Brewery." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (August 28, 2021): 9680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179680.

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The goal of this article is to evaluate the evolution of the brewing industry in the Czech Republic with an emphasis on the phenomenon of craft-brewery development. It deals with the influence of globalization on the structure of the Czech beer market and the rise of craft-breweries between 2000 and 2019. The main outputs come from research where a representative sample of 48 craft breweries was questioned from the Czech Republic. The result is the identification of the main factors influencing the increase of craft-breweries (legislation changes enabling entrepreneurship, increase of purchasing power of consumers, increase in demand for different beer styles, craft beers and specials, change of consumer behavior) but also the challenges that prevent their further expansion (lack of qualified brewers, complicated administration). The main motive for founding a craft brewery is an effort to improve beer culture in the Czech Republic and the ever-increasing demand for diversified beer (as opposed to the demand for the so-called euro-beers) and a good business opportunity stemming from this, which has been attracting more and more investors into this field.

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Balvín, Pavel, Adam Vizina, Magdalena Nesládková, Johanna Blöcher, Marcela Makovcová, Vojtěch Moravec, and Martin Hanel. "Minimum Residual Flows for Catchments in the Czech Republic." Water 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13050689.

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The determination of minimum residual flow (MRF) follows diverse methodology in Europe due to differing hydrological conditions, ecosystem requirements, water abstraction requirements, and legislation. Methodologies in individual countries are difficult to compare qualitatively. However, individual approaches can serve as examples for countries undergoing the process of developing new methodologies, either for legislative purposes or to improve environmental standards on watercourses. This is exactly the situation in the Czech Republic which, has been working on the Regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic for ten years, since the amendment to the Water Act in 2010, defines the methods and criteria for determining the MRF on watercourses. T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, p.r.i., was commissioned to develop a new methodology to serve as the basis for the wording of aforementioned regulation. The new methodological approach took into account modern trends concerning the preservation of ecological standards, and used standard hydrological characteristics for its calculations. The newly proposed approach is undergoing a complicated approval process as the authors seek to increase the MRF compared to the current approach. The new approach assumes an MRF setting between Q97 and Q90. It defines four areas within the Czech Republic, by their hydrological and hydrogeological conditions, where the MRF is determined in different ways. This article describes the development of a new methodological approach, including the use the available Czech Hydrometeorological Institute data sets, the proposed regional division for MRF calculations, the determination the MRF below reservoirs, and the current state of the issue.

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Malý, Josef. "Management on Industrial Property in the Czech Republic and the Legislation in the EU." Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2005): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.aop.186.

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Randáková, Monika. "Bankruptcy and Ways of Bankruptcy Solution in the Czech Republic according to New Legislation." Český finanční a účetní časopis 2008, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.cfuc.293.

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Kůdela, Jakub, Veronika Smejkalová, Radovan Šomplák, and Vlastimír Nevrlý. "Legislation-induced planning of waste processing infrastructure: A case study of the Czech Republic." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 132 (October 2020): 110058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110058.

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Dvořák, P., O. Palička, R. Fojtů, Z. Vávrová, and M. Niedoba. "Reducing SO2 Emissions in the Czech Republic in Accordance with Legislation Valid from 2021." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 92 (October 2017): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/92/1/012010.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Weapons legislation of the Czech Republic'

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