Journal articles on the topic 'Weak Stripes'
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1
WILKINS, STUART B., PETER D. HATTON, KLAUS-DIETER LISS, M. OHLER, T. KATSUFUJI, and S. W. CHEONG. "HIGH-RESOLUTION HIGH ENERGY X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF CHARGE ORDERING IN CMR MANGANITES AND NICKELATES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 14, no. 29n31 (December 20, 2000): 3753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979200004301.
Abstract:
High-resolution, high-energy, X-ray diffraction results are presented for the study of weak charge ordering phenomenon. By utilizing X-rays in the 100 keV region the dramatic increase in the penetration depth allows for both bulk-sensitive and high-resolution measurements to be made. The strontium doped La 2 NiO 4 system is a prototypical system in the understanding of strong electron-phonon coupling, and the resultant effects on material properties. At doping levels of 1/3 and 1/2 commensurate charge modulations are observed indicating real-space charge stripes. We have measured the correlation lengths of these charge stripes using both 100 keV X-rays and 8.3 keV X-rays. In comparing our results we have observed that the charge stripes appear to be well correlated in the near-surface region with correlation lengths ξ≈2400Å. However, our bulk sensitive measurements show that the charge stripes appear in a possible stripe glass phase with a correlation length of only ξ≈300Å. Our measurements on the 3D charge order manganite system Nd 0.5 Sr 0.5 MnO 3 show that the charge ordering appears to be well correlated in the bulk of the sample in contrast to our nickelate results.
2
Zhang, Junjie, Yu-Sheng Chen, D. Phelan, Hong Zheng, M. R. Norman, and J. F. Mitchell. "Stacked charge stripes in the quasi-2D trilayer nickelate La4Ni3O8." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 32 (July 26, 2016): 8945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606637113.
Abstract:
The quasi-2D nickelate La4Ni3O8 (La-438), consisting of trilayer networks of square planar Ni ions, is a member of the so-called T′ family, which is derived from the Ruddlesden–Popper (R-P) parent compound La4Ni3O10−x by removing two oxygen atoms and rearranging the rock salt layers to fluorite-type layers. Although previous studies on polycrystalline samples have identified a 105-K phase transition with a pronounced electronic and magnetic response but weak lattice character, no consensus on the origin of this transition has been reached. Here, we show using synchrotron X-ray diffraction on high-pO2 floating zone-grown single crystals that this transition is associated with a real space ordering of charge into a quasi-2D charge stripe ground state. The charge stripe superlattice propagation vector, q = (2/3, 0, 1), corresponds with that found in the related 1/3-hole doped single-layer R-P nickelate, La5/3Sr1/3NiO4 (LSNO-1/3; Ni2.33+), with orientation at 45° to the Ni-O bonds. The charge stripes in La-438 are weakly correlated along c to form a staggered ABAB stacking that reduces the Coulomb repulsion among the stripes. Surprisingly, however, we find that the charge stripes within each trilayer of La-438 are stacked in phase from one layer to the next, at odds with any simple Coulomb repulsion argument.
3
Cai, Yongli, Caidi Zhao, and Weiming Wang. "Spatiotemporal Complexity of a Leslie-Gower Predator-Prey Model with the Weak Allee Effect." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/535746.
Abstract:
We investigate a diffusive Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with the additive Allee effect on prey subject to the zero-flux boundary conditions. Some results of solutions to this model and its corresponding steady-state problem are shown. More precisely, we give the stability of the positive constant steady-state solution, the refineda prioriestimates of positive solution, and the nonexistence and existence of the positive nonconstant solutions. We carry out the analytical study for two-dimensional system in detail and find out the certain conditions for Turing instability. Furthermore, we perform numerical simulations and show that the model exhibits a transition from stripe-spot mixtures growth to isolated spots and also to stripes. These results show that the impact of the Allee effect essentially increases the model spatiotemporal complexity.
4
Garnier, L. C., M. Eddrief, S. Fin, D. Bisero, F. Fortuna, V. H. Etgens, and M. Marangolo. "Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe–N Thin Films: Threshold Field for Irreversible Magnetic Stripe Domain Rotation." SPIN 06, no. 04 (December 2016): 1640014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324716400142.
Abstract:
The magnetic properties of an iron nitride thin film obtained by ion implantation have been investigated. N[Formula: see text] ions were implanted in a pristine iron layer epitaxially grown on ZnSe/GaAs(001). X-ray diffraction measurements revealed the formation of body-centered tetragonal N-martensite whose [Formula: see text]-axis is perpendicular to the thin film plane and [Formula: see text]-parameter is close to that of [Formula: see text]-Fe8N. Magnetic measurements disclosed a weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) whose energy density [Formula: see text] was assessed to about 105[Formula: see text]J/m3. A sharp decline of the in-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) was also observed, in comparison with the body-centered cubic iron. The origin of the PMA is attributed to the MCA of N-martensite and/or stress-induced anisotropy. As a result of the PMA, weak magnetic stripe domains with a period of about 130[Formula: see text]nm aligned along the last saturating magnetic field direction were observed at remanence by magnetic force microscopy. The application of an increasing in-plane magnetic field transverse to the stripes [Formula: see text] highlighted a threshold value ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]T) above which these magnetic domains irreversibly rotated. Interestingly, below this threshold, the stripes do not rotate, leading to a zero remanent magnetization along the direction of the applied field. The interest of this system for magnetization dynamics is discussed.
5
Mäthger, L. M., and E. J. Denton. "Reflective properties of iridophores and fluorescent ‘eyespots’ in the loliginid squidAlloteuthis subulataandLoligo vulgaris." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 12 (June 15, 2001): 2103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.12.2103.
Abstract:
SUMMARYObservations were made of the reflective properties of the iridophore stripes of the squid Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris, and the likely functions of these stripes are considered in terms of concealment and signalling.In both species, the mantle muscle is almost transparent. Stripes of iridophores run along the length of each side of the mantle, some of which, when viewed at normal incidence in white light, reflect red, others green or blue. When viewed obliquely, the wavebands best reflected move towards the blue/ultraviolet end of the spectrum and their reflections are almost 100% polarised. These are properties of quarter-wavelength stacks of chitin and cytoplasm, predicted in theoretical analyses made by Sir A. F. Huxley and Professor M. F. Land. The reflecting surfaces of the individual iridophores are almost flat and, in a given stripe, these surfaces are within a few degrees of being parallel. Both species of squid have conspicuous, brightly coloured reflectors above their eyes. These ‘eyespots’ have iridescent layers similar to those found on the mantle but are overlaid by a green fluorescent layer that does not change colour or become polarised as it is viewed more obliquely. In the sea, all reflections from the iridophore stripes will be largely confined to the blue-green parts of the spectrum and all reflections in other wavebands, such as those in the red and near ultraviolet, will be weak. The functions of the iridophores reflecting red at normal incidence must be sought in their reflections of blue-green at oblique angles of incidence. These squid rely for their camouflage mainly on their transparency, and the ventral iridophores and the red, green and blue reflective stripes must be used mainly for signalling. The reflectivities of some of these stripes are relatively low, allowing a large fraction of the incident light to be transmitted into the mantle cavity. Despite their low reflectivities, the stripes are very conspicuous when viewed from some limited directions because they reflect light from directions for which the radiances are much higher than those of the backgrounds against which they are viewed. The reflective patterns seen, for example, by neighbouring squid when schooling depend on the orientation of the squid in the external light field and the position of the squid relative to these neighbours.
6
Teng, Feng Ming, Xing Wang Zhang, Fang Yuan Liu, and Qian Cong. "Study on Wear of Bionic Roller Based on Arca Subcrenala Lischke." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.37.
Abstract:
Based on the Arca subcrenala Lischke’s surface morphology and its excellent wear resistance, we designed and processed the cement roller stripe-shaped surface. We used test optimization and regression analysis techniques, made the number of stripes and stripe’s depth as the experimental factors, and have studied the stripe-shaped cement roller wear mechanism. We received the relationship function between roller wear with the depth and number of stripes, explored the influence of resistance about wear based on the various test factors, and made a simple analysis about the wearable mechanism of the stripe-shaped Bionic roller.
7
Alielden, Khaled. "Characteristics of stripes-pattern radio-emission sources." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 514, no. 2 (June 16, 2022): 2135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1384.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT An investigation of the generation mechanism for stripes-pattern radio spectra is important for an understanding of the dynamics of non-thermal electrons in several astronomical objects, including the Sun, Jupiter, and the Crab Pulsar. A new analytical study is carried out to identify the plasma characteristics of fiber- and zebra-pattern emission sources without an underlying density or magnetic model. The analysis demonstrates that the source region of the stripes emission is located underneath the reconnection point, where the ratio s of the instability growth rate to the electron gyrofrequency ωc does not equal unity; that is, s = k⊥v⊥/ωc ≠ 1. When |s| < 1, the plasma condition of the source region becomes k⊥v⊥ < ωp < ωc, where ωp is the plasma frequency, and the emission source is likely to produce a fiber radio burst. For |s| > 1, the plasma condition of the source region is ωc < ωp < k⊥v⊥, and the emission source is likely to produce zebra-pattern emission. This indicates that the magnetic field in the source region of zebra-pattern radio emission is weak and it is relatively high in the source region of fiber-pattern emission. An approach is applied to estimate the plasma parameters of a zebra-pattern emission source observed on 2011 June 21. The behaviour of the blasted medium, which is produced by magnetic reconnection, is investigated. The results show that the blasted medium propagates isothermally as a sausage-like wave for a short time during the emission. The study discusses the conditions for producing different types of striped radio emission and provides a simple computational approach that could be useful in a number of astronomical contexts.
8
Chauhan, Kinjal A., Anuj K. Sharma, and Yogendra Kumar Prajapati. "Spin wave based weak magnetic field measurement at room temperature using magnonic crystal." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 56, no. 43 (July 27, 2023): 435001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ace6b7.
Abstract:
Abstract We describe a weak magnetic field sensor operating at room temperature based on the magnonic crystal (MC). MC consisting of periodic stripes of cobalt (Co) and permalloy (Py) in one dimension is studied. The magnonic bandgaps are calculated by solving the eigenvalue problem of the Landau–Lifshitz equation using the finite element method. Magnonic bandgap frequency shifts depend upon the external magnetic field and this phenomenon is utilized for magnetic field sensing. The sensitivity characteristics of MCs with dispersion spectra in the gigahertz (GHz) frequency range are studied. It is found that the sensor’s performance gets enhanced for smaller thickness and larger periodicity. The sensitivity reaches a magnitude as large as 66.0 GHz T−1 for 10 nm thickness and 1 μm periodicity. Our analysis indicates that a limit of detection (LOD) of the order of 10−11 T can be achieved for all the geometric configurations considered in the 0–1 T range. The results are explained in terms of corresponding fundamental concepts and phenomena. Further, our simulation results show that the typical gap (e.g. 1 nm) between Co and Py stripes does not significantly affect the sensitivity of the sensor. The results also indicate that any small variation (e.g. 1 nm) in MC thickness may lead to reasonable variation in sensitivity magnitudes. Moreover, the proposed sensor’s performance is significantly superior (in terms of sensitivity, LOD, miniaturization, and material, etc) to the currently available state-of-the-art magnetometers.
9
Sergienko, T., I. Sandahl, B. Gustavsson, L. Andersson, U. Brändström, and Å. Steen. "A study of fine structure of diffuse aurora with ALIS-FAST measurements." Annales Geophysicae 26, no. 11 (October 21, 2008): 3185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-3185-2008.
Abstract:
Abstract. We present results of an investigation of the fine structure of the night sector diffuse auroral zone, observed simultaneously with optical instruments (ALIS) from the ground and the FAST electron spectrometer from space 16 February 1997. Both the optical and particle data show that the diffuse auroral zone consisted of two regions. The equatorward part of the diffuse aurora was occupied by a pattern of regular, parallel auroral stripes. The auroral stripes were significantly brighter than the background luminosity, had widths of approximately 5 km and moved southward with a velocity of about 100 m/s. The second region, located between the region with auroral stripes and the discrete auroral arcs to the north, was filled with weak and almost homogeneous luminosity, against which short-lived auroral rays and small patches appeared chaotically. From analysis of the electron differential fluxes corresponding to the different regions of the diffuse aurora and based on existing theories of the scattering process we conclude the following: Strong pitch angle diffusion by electron cyclotron harmonic waves (ECH) of plasma sheet electrons in the energy range from a few hundred eV to 3–4 keV was responsible for the electron precipitation, that produced the background luminosity within the whole diffuse zone. The fine structure, represented by the auroral stripes, was created by precipitation of electrons above 3–4 keV as a result of pitch angle diffusion into the loss cone by whistler mode waves. A so called "internal gravity wave" (Safargaleev and Maltsev, 1986) may explain the formation of the regular spatial pattern formed by the auroral stripes in the equatorward part of the diffuse auroral zone.
10
Valdés-Bango, F., M. Vélez, L. M. Alvarez-Prado, J. M. Alameda, and J. I. Martín. "Magnetic stripes and holes: Complex domain patterns in perforated films with weak perpendicular anisotropy." AIP Advances 7, no. 5 (May 2017): 056303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4973284.
11
Xiang, Longwei, Hansheng Wang, Holger Steffen, Baojin Qiao, Wei Feng, Lulu Jia, and Peng Gao. "Determination of Weak Terrestrial Water Storage Changes from GRACE in the Interior of the Tibetan Plateau." Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (January 24, 2022): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030544.
Abstract:
Time series of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission have been successfully used to reveal changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) in many parts of the world. This has been hindered in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau since the derived TWS changes there are very sensitive to the selections of different available GRACE solutions, and filters to remove north-south-oriented (N-S) stripe features in the observations. This has resulted in controversial distributions of the TWS changes in previous studies. In this paper, we produce aggregated hydrology signals (AHS) of TWS changes from 2003 to 2009 in the Tibetan Plateau and test a large set of GRACE solution-filter combinations and mascon models to identify the best combination or mascon model whose filtered results match our AHS. We find that the application of a destriping filter is indispensable to remove correlated errors shown as N-S stripes. Three best-performing destriping filters are identified and, combined with two best-performing solutions, they represent the most reliable solution-filter combinations for determination of weak terrestrial water storage changes in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau from GRACE. In turn, more than 100 other tested solution-filter combinations and mascon solutions lead to very different distributions of the TWS changes inside and outside the plateau that partly disagree largely with the AHS. This is mainly attributed to less effective suppression of N-S stripe noises. Our results also show that the most effective destriping is performed within a maximum degree and order of 60 for GRACE spherical harmonic solutions. The results inside the plateau show one single anomaly in the TWS trend when additional smoothing with a 340-km-radius Gaussian filter is applied. We suggest using our identified best solution-filter combinations for the determination of TWS changes in the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas during the whole GRACE operation time span from 2002 to 2017 as well as the succeeding GRACE-FO mission.
12
Kraut, R., and M. Levine. "Mutually repressive interactions between the gap genes giant and Kruppel define middle body regions of the Drosophila embryo." Development 111, no. 2 (February 1, 1991): 611–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.111.2.611.
Abstract:
The gap genes play a key role in establishing pair-rule and homeotic stripes of gene expression in the Drosophila embryo. There is mounting evidence that overlapping gradients of gap gene expression are crucial for this process. Here we present evidence that the segmentation gene giant is a bona fide gap gene that is likely to act in concert with hunchback, Kruppel and knirps to initiate stripes of gene expression. We show that Kruppel and giant are expressed in complementary, non-overlapping sets of cells in the early embryo. These complementary patterns depend on mutually repressive interactions between the two genes. Ectopic expression of giant in early embryos results in the selective repression of Kruppel, and advanced-stage embryos show cuticular defects similar to those observed in Kruppel- mutants. This result and others suggest that the strongest regulatory interactions occur among those gap genes expressed in nonadjacent domains. We propose that the precisely balanced overlapping gradients of gap gene expression depend on these strong regulatory interactions, coupled with weak interactions between neighboring genes.
13
Yue, Zongmin, Xiaoqin Wang, and Haifeng Liu. "Complex Dynamics of a Diffusive Holling-Tanner Predator-Prey Model with the Allee Effect." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/270191.
Abstract:
We investigate the complex dynamics of a diffusive Holling-Tanner predation model with the Allee effect on prey analytically and numerically. We examine the existence of the positive equilibria and the related dynamical behaviors of the model and find that when the model is with weak Allee effect, the solutions are local and global stability for some conditions around the positive equilibrium. In contrast, when the model is with strong Allee effect, this may lead to the phenomenon of bistability; that is to say, there is a separatrix curve that separates the behavior of trajectories of the system, implying that the model is highly sensitive to the initial conditions. Furthermore, we give the conditions of Turing instability and determine the Turing space in the parameters space. Based on these results, we perform a series of numerical simulations and find that the model exhibits complex pattern replication: spots, spots-stripes mixtures, and stripes patterns. The results show that the impact of the Allee effect essentially increases the models spatiotemporal complexity.
14
Sharmila, N. B., C. Gunasundari, and Mohammad Sajid. "Spatiotemporal Dynamics of a Reaction Diffusive Predator-Prey Model: A Weak Nonlinear Analysis." International Journal of Differential Equations 2023 (October 10, 2023): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9190167.
Abstract:
In the realm of ecology, species naturally strive to enhance their own survival odds. This study introduces and investigates a predator-prey model incorporating reaction-diffusion through a system of differential equations. We scrutinize how diffusion impacts the model’s stability. By analysing the stability of the model’s uniform equilibrium state, we identify a condition leading to Turing instability. The study delves into how diffusion influences pattern formation within a predator-prey system. Our findings reveal that various spatiotemporal patterns, such as patches, spots, and even chaos, emerge based on species diffusion rates. We derive the amplitude equation by employing the weak nonlinear multiple scales analysis technique and the Taylor series expansion. A novel sinc interpolation approach is introduced. Numerical simulations elucidate the interplay between diffusion and Turing parameters. In a two-dimensional domain, spatial pattern analysis illustrates population density dynamics resulting in isolated groups, spots, stripes, or labyrinthine patterns. Simulation results underscore the method’s effectiveness. The article concludes by discussing the biological implications of these outcomes.
15
Wang, Hong Xin, Peng Zhang, and Jian Shu Liu. "Effect of the Deformation and Heat Treatment on the Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Mg-4%Y Alloy." Defect and Diffusion Forum 394 (August 2019): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.394.115.
Abstract:
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of extrusion process and subsequentheat-treatment on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Mg-4%Y alloy. Theresults showed that the dynamic recrystallization occurred during extrusion, the microstructure istiny equiaxial grains, the shearing stripes and parallel streamlines which distribute along theextrusion direction are especially obvious. The tensile curve has obvious yield phenomenon. Afterannealing, parallel streamlines disappear, the yield phenomenon of tensile curve eliminates, theyield strength(σ0.2) and the tensile strength(σb) decrease, the plasticity increases. The underneathmechanism for mechanical properties can be ascribed to the weak pining effect of second-phaseparticles on the movement of dislocation and release of the pile-up dislocations.
16
PELETIER, MARK A., and MARCO VENERONI. "STRIPE PATTERNS IN A MODEL FOR BLOCK COPOLYMERS." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 20, no. 06 (June 2010): 843–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202510004465.
Abstract:
We consider a pattern-forming system in two space dimensions defined by an energy [Formula: see text]. The functional [Formula: see text] models strong phase separation in AB diblock copolymer melts, and patterns are represented by {0, 1}-valued functions; the values 0 and 1 correspond to the A and B phases. The parameter ε is the ratio between the intrinsic, material length-scale and the scale of the domain Ω. We show that in the limit ε → 0 any sequence uε of patterns with uniformly bounded energy [Formula: see text] becomes stripe-like: the pattern becomes locally one-dimensional and resembles a periodic stripe pattern of periodicity O(ε). In the limit the stripes become uniform in width and increasingly straight. Our results are formulated as a convergence theorem, which states that the functional [Formula: see text] Gamma-converges to a limit functional [Formula: see text]. This limit functional is defined on fields of rank-one projections, which represent the local direction of the stripe pattern. The functional [Formula: see text] is only finite if the projection field solves a version of the Eikonal equation, and in that case it is the L2-norm of the divergence of the projection field, or equivalently the L2-norm of the curvature of the field. At the level of patterns the converging objects are the jump measures |∇uε| combined with the projection fields corresponding to the tangents to the jump set. The central inequality from Peletier and Röger, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal.193 (2009) 475–537, provides the initial estimate and leads to weak measure-function pair convergence. We obtain strong convergence by exploiting the non-intersection property of the jump set.
17
Paśko, Sławomir, Małgorzata Dzierzęcka, Halina Purzyc, Anna Charuta, Karolina Barszcz, Bartłomiej Jan Bartyzel, and Marcin Komosa. "The Osteometry of Equine Third Phalanx by the Use of Three-Dimensional Scanning: New Measurement Possibilities." Scanning 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1378947.
Abstract:
This study consisted in analyzing the asymmetry between bilateral third phalanges (coffin bones) in cold-blood horses based on the angle range of the plantar margin of the bone. The study employed a scanner projecting a hybrid set of images, consisting of sinusoidal stripes preceded by a Gray code sequence. As it turned out, three-dimensional scanning can be used to effectively determine the angle range for a selected portion of the studied bone. This provides broad possibilities for osteometric studies, as it enables the determination of angle distribution in a given fragment. The results obtained indicate a weak correlation between age and bilateral third-phalanx asymmetry in terms of the angle range of the plantar margins and no correlation between body weight and the asymmetry described.
18
Chen, Tingkun, Lin Wang, Jin Xu, Xiuzhang Qin, Xinju Dong, Qingbo Wang, Yingchun Qi, Jingfu Jin, Qian Cong, and Chaozong Liu. "Effect of the Bionic Transverse Stripe on Wear Resistance and Crushing Performance of Cement Grinding Roller." Machines 11, no. 2 (February 6, 2023): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11020239.
Abstract:
To improve the wear resistance and mineral crushing performance of grinding rollers in cement, mining, and other engineering fields, a striped groove morphology was designed on the normal grinding roller surface in this study. The wear resistance of grinding rollers with different striped groove parameters and the crushing performance of quartz sand were tested with a purposely designed device. The depth and number of striped grooves were used as the structural parameters of the striped grooves, and the test protocol was designed with the experimental design method. The results showed that the wear resistance and crushing performance of the grinding roller with striped grooves were better than those of the smooth grinding roller for quartz sand. For example, the wear of the 3# bionic grinding roller was reduced by 53.58% compared with the average wear amount of a normal grinding roller, and the crushing effect of the quartz sand was also improved. The regression equation between the stripe depth, number of stripes, and wear amount of the grinding roller was constructed on the basis of the multiple orthogonal regression method. It was found that the influence of the striped groove depth on the wear amount of the grinding roller was greater than that of the distribution number of the striped grooves. According to the results and the analysis the striped grooves distributed on the grinding roller’s surface caused the friction state between the quartz sand and the grinding roller to be in a state of sliding friction, and the wear amount was reduced. Striped grooves on the grinding roller surface might also change the stress state of the quartz sand in the crushing process. Additionally, the performance of the bionic grinding roller in crushing quartz sand was improved, and the wear amount of the bionic grinding roller was also reduced compared with that of the normal grinding roller.
19
Sawai, Satoshi, Takashi Hirano, Yasuo Maeda, and Yasuji Sawada. "Rapid patterning and zonal differentiation in a two-dimensionalDictyosteliumcell mass: the role of pH and ammonia." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 17 (September 1, 2002): 2583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.17.2583.
Abstract:
SUMMARYRecently it was demonstrated that a rapidly forming, self-organizing pattern that emerges within two-dimensional Dictyostelium discoideumcell cultures could later give rise to stripes of distinct zones, each comprising different cell types. Here we report physiological aspects of the initial rapid patterning and its relationship to cell differentiation. We found that as the temperature is lowered the characteristic length of the pattern increases. From this we estimated the activation energy of the patterning kinetics. Fluorescence of fluorescein-conjugated dextran revealed that the cytosolic pH of cells in the inside zone becomes lower than that in the outer zone facing the air. The patterning could be inhibited by addition of the plasma-membrane proton pump inhibitors diethystilbestrol (DES) or miconazole. Preincubation of cells with weak acid delayed the timing of the patterning, whereas weak base hastened it. A pH-indicating dye revealed localized accumulation of ammonia in the extracellular space. These results suggest that gradients of secreted metabolites may be directly responsible for the rapid patterning and its consequence on cell differentiation in a confined geometrical situation. Possible diffusible candidate molecules and a reaction scheme coupled to the imposed oxygen gradient are discussed.
20
Salvador, Rodrigo B., and Daniel C. Cavallari. "A new species of Leiostracus from Bahia, Brazil (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Orthalicidae)." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 104, no. 1 (March 2014): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766201410413942.
Abstract:
A remarkable new species of pulmonate snail was recently collected in a small Atlantic Rainforest fragment near the city of Canavieiras, state of Bahia, Brazil, an area known for a high diversity of land snails. It is described herein as Leiostracus fetidus sp. nov. and can be easily identified by its color pattern of irregular brown to black axial stripes on a white to yellow background, a reddish axial band "separating" the white peristome from the rest of the shell and a broad brown spiral band surrounding the umbilical region. Other diagnostic features include a relatively small size, a proto columellar fold and two very weak folds delimiting the basal region of the aperture. This discovery is a reminder of how little this fauna is known and also an alarm for proper conservation of these forest fragments.
21
HOU, YINMENG, MENGFEI ZHANG, FEI HU, SIYUAN LI, SHENGCHAO SHI, JUN CHEN, XIAOYANG MO, and BIN WANG. "A new species of the genus Leptolalax (Anura, Megophryidae) from Hunan, China." Zootaxa 4444, no. 3 (July 10, 2018): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4444.3.2.
Abstract:
A new species, Leptolalax mangshanensis sp. nov., is described from the Mangshan National Nature Reserve, in Hunan Province, China. The new species is genetically similar to Leptolalax liui, and morphologically similar to Leptolalax maoershanensis. Morphological characteristics that distinguish the new species from its congeners are a small body size (snout-vent length, SVL, 22.2 mm–27.8 mm in 27 adult males, and 30.2 mm in one adult female); nearly smooth dorsal skin with some small, orange, tubercles and irregular, dark brown stripes, throat and belly scattered with white speckles, weak lateral fringes on toes and rudimentary toe webbing; indistinct longitudinal ridges under toes, and not interrupted at the articulations, iris bicolored with bright orange in the upper half and greyish cream in the lower half. The new species is widely distributed in montane evergreen secondary forests and small bamboo forests in Mangshan Nature Reserve, at altitudes between 500–1600 m a.s.l.
22
Wilkinson, F., O. Karanovic, and HR Wilson. "Binocular Rivalry in Migraine." Cephalalgia 28, no. 12 (December 2008): 1327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01696.x.
Abstract:
Cortical hyperexcitability in migraine could arise from abnormally weak inhibition or from strengthened intracortical excitatory mechanisms. The present study employed binocular rivalry to differentiate between these possibilities. Rivalry between static oriented grating patterns was examined in migraine with aura (MA), migraine without aura (MoA) and headache-free control participants. A non-significant trend toward elevated mean dominance intervals (monocular percepts, in seconds) was seen in both migraine groups at all contrasts. Second, significant interocular differences in rivalry dominance durations were seen in the MoA group compared with controls; this difference also approached significance in the MA group. Finally, both MA and MoA exhibited significantly greater visual discomfort than the control group in the presence of both static stripes and flickering visual stimuli. The rivalry results provide no support for weakened intracortical inhibition in migraine. Optical or neural precortical differences in the eyes' input strengths paired with enhanced recurrent cortical excitation can explain these findings.
23
Oddo, S., J. Beck, and E. Mingolla. "Segregation of Chromatic Element-Arrangement Textures." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96l0505.
Abstract:
We compared the perceived segregation of patterns composed of the same two element types arranged in vertical stripes in the top and bottom regions and in a checkerboard in the middle region. The elements in all patterns differed in hue. Some patterns were equated for luminance and others for brightness. We investigated the effects of hue, spatial scale, and background luminance on the segregation of the element-arrangement patterns. Hue similarity, as rated by subjects in a separate procedure, was a relatively weak factor for predicting perceived segregation. The effects of brightness differences and luminance differences interacted with background luminance and spatial scale. Perceived segregation was stronger with a black background than with a white background (Pessoa, Beck, and Mingolla, ARVO '94; Vision Research, in press) and stronger for higher spatial frequencies. The results are discussed in terms of the relative importance of ‘low-order’ factors such as cone contrasts and ‘high-order’ factors such as similarity in mediating texture segregation.
24
Qi, Ying Chun, Yan Jun Xu, Qing Bo Wang, Feng Ming Teng, Qian Cong, and Jing Fu Jin. "Experimental Study on Abrasion Resistance of Grinding Rolls with Stripes Surface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 455 (November 2013): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.455.142.
Abstract:
In order to study the impact on the roller abrasion resistance of the surface structure parameters such as stripes depth and number, roller abrasion model experiments were carried out with quartz sand as granular material and optimal design method was used to arrange testing program. Based on structural features of roller press, a model test bed was build and stripes roller were design and manufactured according to similar principles. Roller surface structure parameters were determined by orthogonal polynomial regression design method. By processing the test data, a regression equation was obtained with stripes depth, number and the amount of wear as parameters. The results showed that: Stripes structure grinding rollers have better abrasion resistance than the light roller; The depth and the number of stripes have a greater impact on the abrasion resistance and there was an interaction between them; In the same conditions, when the stripe depth is fixed, the wear amount increases with the number of stripes increasing; when a fixed number of stripes, the wear amount decreases with stripes depth increasing.
25
Kerzel, Dirk, Sabine Born, and David Souto. "Inhibition of Steady-State Smooth Pursuit and Catch-Up Saccades by Abrupt Visual and Auditory Onsets." Journal of Neurophysiology 104, no. 5 (November 2010): 2573–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00193.2010.
Abstract:
It is known that visual transients prolong saccadic latency and reduce saccadic frequency. The latter effect was attributed to subcortical structures because it occurred only 60–70 ms after stimulus onset. We examined the effects of large task-irrelevant transients on steady-state pursuit and the generation of catch-up saccades. Two screen-wide stripes of equal contrast (4, 20, or 100%) were briefly flashed at equal eccentricities (3, 6, or 12°) from the pursuit target. About 100 ms after flash onset, we observed that pursuit gain dropped by 6–12% and catch-up saccades were entirely suppressed. The relatively long latency of the inhibition suggests that it results from cortical mechanisms that may act by promoting fixation or the deployment of attention over the visual field. In addition, we show that a loud irrelevant sound is able to generate the same inhibition of saccades as visual transients, whereas it only induces a weak modulation of pursuit gain, indicating a privileged access of acoustic information to the saccadic system. Finally, irrelevant changes in motion direction orthogonal to pursuit had a smaller and later inhibitory effect.
26
ČENČARIKOVÁ, HANA, PAVOL FARKAŠOVSKÝ, and MARTIN ŽONDA. "THE INFLUENCE OF NONLOCAL COULOMB INTERACTION ON GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES OF THE FALICOV–KIMBALL MODEL IN ONE AND TWO DIMENSIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 15 (June 20, 2008): 2473–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208039642.
Abstract:
A combination of small-cluster exact diagonalizations and a well-controlled approximative method is used to study the ground states of the Falicov–Kimball model extended by nonlocal Coulomb interaction (U non ). It is shown that the ground-state phase diagram as well as the picture of valence and metal–insulator transitions found for the conventional Falicov–Kimball model are strongly changed when the nonlocal Coulomb interaction is added. This is illustrated for three selected values of the on-site Coulomb interaction (U) that represent typical behaviors of the model for small, intermediate and strong interactions. A number of remarkable results are found: (i) the phase separation takes place for a wide range of U non in all three interaction limits; (ii) in the weak and intermediate coupling limit, the model exhibits the nonlocal Coulomb interaction–induced insulator–metal transition; (iii) depending on the value of U non , the model is able to describe both the continuous and the discontinuous changes of the f-electron occupation number; (iv) new types of inhomogeneous charge ordering (including various types of axial and diagonal stripes) are observed for nonzero U non .
27
Gorbachenko, О. F., F. I. Gorbachenko, V. D. Gorbachenko, Т. V. Usatenko, N. S. Luchkin, N. А. Zhitnik, and Е. G. Burlayeva. "Three-line hybrid of sunflower Nika." Oil Crops 3, no. 183 (November 30, 2020): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25230/2412-608x-2020-3-183-157-160.
Abstract:
A three-line sunflower hybrid Nika was developed by hybridization of a simple sterile hybrid Donskoy 59 and a line-restorer of pollen fertility ED 155 at the Don experimental station. It is characterized by high productivity, over the years of testing, it exceeded the control on seed yield by 0.25 t per ha, on oil collection per hectare by 0.16 t per ha. According to the length of the vegetative period (98–104 days), it can be attributed to the middle-early group. Plant height is up to 170–180 cm. The leaves are large, the bubbling is very weak, and serration is large. Heads of medium size when maturing turned down with a straight stem. Achenes are broadly ovate, black with grey stripes along the edges and between the edges. The main distinguishing feature of the hybrid is its high productivity and resistance to the new aggressive races of broomrape (E, F, G) and downy mildew (race 330). The hybrid Nika has been included into the State register of protected breeding achievements of the Russian Federation since 2019 and allowed to be cultivated in the Central Black Soil (5), Northern Caucasus (6), Middle Volga (7), Low Volga (8), Ural (9), and Western Siberian (10) regions of Russia.
28
Miles, James, Andrew S. Vowles, and Paul S. Kemp. "The influence of flow velocity on the response of rheophilic fish to visual cues." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (March 13, 2023): e0281741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281741.
Abstract:
The strong association with visual cues exhibited by fish that prefer to inhabit flowing water (rheophilic species) may help reduce the energetic costs of maintaining position due to the provision of spatial points of reference. If this “Station Holding Hypothesis” is true, a positive relationship between the association with visual cues and flow velocity is expected. This hypothesis was tested experimentally by quantifying the response of common minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) to visual cues under three flow velocities. In contradiction to the prediction, there was no evidence that the association with strong visual cues was positively related to flow velocity when fish were presented with vertical black stripes in an open channel flume, although interspecific variation in response was observed. The association with visual cues was relatively weak in trout, compared to minnow that spent 660% more time associated with the zone in which visual cues were present during the treatment, than the control when visual cues were absent. Trout tended to be more exploratory and made short visits to the area where visual cues were present, whereas minnow associated with the cues for longer. The strong association with visual cues independent of flow velocity exhibited by minnow and the weak association across all velocities by trout suggest that this behaviour is unlikely to reflect a strategy to minimise the energetic cost of maintaining position in flowing water. Minnow may have used the visual cues as a proxy indicator of physical structure that provides alternative benefits, such as refuge from predators. Trout may have employed alternative cues (e.g. mechanosensory) to seek more energetically favourable regions of the experimental area, reducing the importance of stationary visual stimuli.
29
Shishido, Takaaki, Kengo Yamamoto, Ian C. Clarke, T. Masaoka, M. Manaka, and Toshiyuki Tateiwa. "Comparison of the Results of a Simulator Study and Retrieval Implants in Ceramic THA." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 1277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.1277.
Abstract:
In simulator studies, the Biolox-forte hip prosthesis were run for 5 million cycles (Mc) using 50% new born calf serum for both the standard test (STD) mode and the micro-separation test (MSX) mode. Wear measurements were carried out every 0.5 Mc. The wear patterns were mapped and observed by SEM. In a clinical study, the OstealTM hip prostheses which were implanted for 15 to 19 years and 17 year BioloxTM hip prostheses were analyzed. According to the same technique as the simulator study, the wear patterns were analyzed using SEM. The steady-state wear rates for alumina THR ranged from 0.16 to 0.65 mm3/Mc in the MSX mode and 0.011 mm3/Mc in the STD mode. The MSX simulator mode produced two narrow wear scars (stripes) of dull appearance on the ball. In the SEM analysis, the stripe scars showed mild wear after 5 Mc duration. In the Biolox and the Osteal retrieval alumina ball, the stripe scars showed severe wear. The Osteal retrievals had one grade lower wear in the main worn area than the Biolox retrievals on SEM analysis. The stripe wear and its location in the retrieval balls were seen in the simulator study. The area and wear severity of the stripe wear were influenced by the quality of alumina, design of THA and various actual motions in patients.
30
Tanimura, Hideki, Marian Douspis, Nabila Aghanim, and Laura Salvati. "Constraining cosmology with a new all-sky Compton parameter map from the Planck PR4 data." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 509, no. 1 (October 14, 2021): 300–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2956.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT We constructed a new all-sky Compton parameter map (y-map) of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect from the 100–857 GHz frequency channel maps delivered within the Planck data release 4. The improvements in terms of noise and systematic effects translated into a y-map with a noise level smaller by ∼7 per cent compared to the maps released in 2015, and with significantly reduced survey stripes. The produced 2020 y-map is also characterized by residual foreground contamination, mainly due to thermal dust emission at large angular scales and to cosmic infrared background and extragalactic point sources at small angular scales. Using the new Planck data, we computed the tSZ angular power spectrum and found that the tSZ signal dominates the y-map in the multipole range, 60 < ℓ < 600. We performed the cosmological analysis with the tSZ angular power spectrum and found $S_8 = 0.764 \, _{-0.018}^{+0.015} \, (stat) \, _{-0.016}^{+0.031} \, (sys)$, including systematic uncertainties from a hydrostatic mass bias and pressure profile model. The S8 value may differ by ±0.016 depending on the hydrostatic mass bias model and by +0.021 depending on the pressure profile model used for the analysis. The obtained value is fully consistent with recent Kilo-Degree Survey and Dark Energy Survey weak-lensing observations. While our result is slightly lower than the Planck CMB one, it is consistent with the latter within 2σ.
31
Hermiston, M. L., and J. I. Gordon. "Organization of the crypt-villus axis and evolution of its stem cell hierarchy during intestinal development." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 268, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): G813—G822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.268.5.g813.
Abstract:
The small intestinal crypt of the adult mouse represents a model system for studying cell renewal. One or more functionally equivalent stem cells located within the crypt fuel a continuous regeneration of the gut's four principal epithelial cell lineages. These lineages differentiate during a geographically well-organized migration along the crypt-villus axis. This axis does not complete its morphogenetic program until the third postnatal week. We examined the organization of the crypt-villus axis and its stem cell hierarchy in postnatal day 1 (P1) to P28 transgenic mice. These mice contained transcriptional regulatory elements from the liver fatty acid binding protein gene linked to a human growth hormone (hGH) reporter. Adult male and female animals exhibit a striped pattern of hGH accumulation in their villus-associated epithelial cells: vertical coherent bands of wholly hGH-positive epithelial cells derived from a monoclonal crypt and vertical coherent stripes of wholly hGH-negative epithelial cells derived from an adjacent crypt extend to the apical extrusion zone of their common villus. Villus striping develops in a proximal-to-distal wave that extends from the duodenum to the jejunum by P7 and to the ileum by P14. Striping occurs as a result of a loss in the ability to support transgene expression. The decision appears to affect all cells within a stripe, irrespective of their position along the basilar-to-apical axis of a villus, suggesting that it is programmed by the nascent crypt's multipotent stem cell(s). Suppression of transgene expression traverses the crypt-villus axis more rapidly than the rate of epithelial cell migration. The boundary between stripes is very sharp and does not contain cells with transitional levels of the hGH reporter, indicating that the epithelial components of the crypt-villus axis have a higher degree of organization at this stage of development than appreciated previously.
32
Dogterom, M., M. A. Félix, C. C. Guet, and S. Leibler. "Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters." Journal of Cell Biology 133, no. 1 (April 1, 1996): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.133.1.125.
Abstract:
In many eukaryotic cells going through M-phase, a bipolar spindle is formed by microtubules nucleated from centrosomes. These microtubules, in addition to being "captured" by kinetochores, may be stabilized by chromatin in two different ways: short-range stabilization effects may affect microtubules in close contact with the chromatin, while long-range stabilization effects may "guide" microtubule growth towards the chromatin (e.g., by introducing a diffusive gradient of an enzymatic activity that affects microtubule assembly). Here, we use both meiotic and mitotic extracts from Xenopus laevis eggs to study microtubule aster formation and microtubule dynamics in the presence of chromatin. In "low-speed" meiotic extracts, in the presence of salmon sperm chromatin, we find that short-range stabilization effects lead to a strong anisotropy of the microtubule asters. Analysis of the dynamic parameters of microtubule growth show that this anisotropy arises from a decrease in the catastrophe frequency, an increase in the rescue frequency and a decrease in the growth velocity. In this system we also find evidence for long-range "guidance" effects, which lead to a weak anisotropy of the asters. Statistically relevant results on these long-range effects are obtained in "high-speed" mitotic extracts in the presence of artificially constructed chromatin stripes. We find that aster anisotropy is biased in the direction of the chromatin and that the catastrophe frequency is reduced in its vicinity. In this system we also find a surprising dependence of the catastrophe and the rescue frequencies on the length of microtubules nucleated from centrosomes: the catastrophe frequency increase and the rescue frequency decreases with microtubule length.
33
Mather, AE, RM Fyfe, CC Clason, M. Stokes, S. Mills, and TT Barrows. "Automated mapping of relict patterned ground: An approach to evaluate morphologically subdued landforms using unmanned-aerial-vehicle and structure-from-motion technologies." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 43, no. 2 (August 23, 2018): 174–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133318788966.
Abstract:
Relict landforms provide a wealth of information on the evolution of the modern landscape and climate change in the past. To improve understanding of the origin and development of these landforms we need better spatial measurements across a variety of scales. This can be challenging using conventional surveying techniques due to difficulties in landform recognition on the ground (e.g. weak visual/topographic expression) and spatially variable areas of interest. Here we explore the appropriateness of existing remote sensing datasets (aerial LiDAR and aerial photography) and newly acquired unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery of a test site on the upland of Dartmoor in SW England (Leeden Tor) for the recognition and automated mapping of relict patterned ground composed of stripes and polygons. We find that the recognition of these landforms is greatly enhanced by automated mapping using spectral two-dimensional imagery. Image resolution is important, with the recognition of elements (boulders) of <1 m maximised from the highest resolution imagery (UAV red-green-blue (RGB)) and recognition of landforms (10–100 m scale) maximised on coarser resolution aerial imagery. Topographic metrics of these low relief (0.5 m) landforms are best extracted from structure-from-motion (SfM) processed UAV true-colour imagery, and in this context the airborne LiDAR data proved less effective. Integrating automated mapping using spectral attributes and SfM-derived digital surface models from UAV RGB imagery provides a powerful tool for rapid reconnaissance of field sites to facilitate the extraction of meaningful topographic and spatial metrics that can inform on the origin of relict landform features. Care should be given to match the scale of features under consideration to the appropriate scale of datasets available.
34
Voronchuk, A. P. "Flux-cored strips for wear-resistant surfacing." Paton Welding Journal 2014, no. 6 (June 28, 2014): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2014.06.14.
35
KOVAČIĆ, MARCELO, SERGEY V. BOGORODSKY, AHMAD O. MAL, and TILMAN J. ALPERMANN. "Redescription of the genus Koumansetta (Teleostei: Gobiidae), with description of a new species from the Red Sea." Zootaxa 4459, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4459.3.3.
Abstract:
The gobiid genus Koumansetta Whitley, placed in synonymy by some authors with the similar genus Amblygobius Bleeker, is redescribed and its validity based on an integrated morphological and molecular assessment is confirmed. The following characters have been found that distinguish Koumansetta from any of 15 recognized valid species of Amblygobius: oculoscapular transverse rows trp and tra long, extending dorsally well above level of rows x1 and x2; snout pointed, prominent, longer than eye diameter, with gently sloping dorsal profile, overhanging mouth; mouth subterminal; the upper limb of first gill arch with 1–2 slender, weak and soft gill rakers anteriorly, followed by 1–5 short, also soft, broad structures; first two dorsal-fin spines elongate, remaining spines progressively shorter; pelvic frenum absent; body brown to brown-green in upper and lateral sides with narrow yellow or orange longitudinal stripes on body and head, black ocellated spot on the second dorsal fin, and another black spot dorsoposteriorly on caudal peduncle. The following three species are assigned to Koumansetta: K. rainfordi Whitley, the type species of the genus, known from the western Pacific Ocean; K. hectori (Smith), the most widespread species, known from islands of the western Indian Ocean to Micronesia and Fiji; and a new species, restricted to the Red Sea and the inner Gulf of Aden. Koumansetta hoesei sp. nov. has formerly been confused with similar K. hectori, but differs in various details of coloration, and in some morphological characters. Moreover, K. hoesei sp. nov. is evolutionary well divergent from K. rainfordi and K. hectori, its closest relative, as shown by phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial COI barcoding region. In addition to the description of the new species, brief species accounts are provided for K. hectori and K. rainfordi, and a key to the three species.
36
Labrune, M., and J. Miltat. "Numerical simulation of weak stripe domains." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 104-107 (February 1992): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(92)90781-i.
37
Caldwell, John S., and Paul Clarke. "Repulsion of Cucumber Beetles in Cucumber and Squash Using Aluminum-coated Plastic Mulch." HortTechnology 9, no. 2 (January 1999): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.2.247.
Abstract:
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) were grown in a replicated trial on three types of plastic mulch: solid black plastic mulch, solid aluminum-coated plastic mulch with a silver reflective appearance, and black plastic mulch with two aluminum-coated strips attached. Striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma vittata Fabricius) and spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) counts on yellow sticky cards were obtained over eight weekly samplings. For cucumber, on the peak beetle population date, there were six times as many striped cucumber beetles in solid black plastic mulch as in aluminum-coated plastic mulch, and nearly three times as many as in black plastic mulch with aluminum strips. For squash, both striped and spotted cucumber beetle counts were significantly higher on solid black plastic mulch on three peak sampling dates than on aluminum-coated plastic mulch and black plastic mulch with aluminum strips, with counts 4.9 to 5.5 times higher in solid black plastic mulch than in aluminum-coated plastic mulch, and 2.2 to 2.6 times higher than in black plastic mulch with aluminum strips. Using a threshold of 15 beetles/sticky card, no insecticidal applications were needed on solid aluminum-coated mulch, while an average of 1.8 insecticidal applications were needed on solid black plastic mulch, and 0.8 insecticidal applications on black plastic mulch with aluminum strips. The cost of solid black plastic mulch and its insecticidal applications, $186/acre ($459/ha), was $102/acre ($252/ha) less than the cost of aluminum-coated plastic mulch without insecticidal application, $288/acre ($711/ha). However, squash fruit from plants grown on aluminum-coated plastic mulch could be direct marketed as pesticide-free, at a price 25% higher than fruit on which pesticide had been applied. For an average yield in Virginia of 600 boxes/acre (1,482 boxes/ha) [20 lb/box (9 kg/box)] of squash, this translates to a $1,200/acre ($2,964/ha) increase in revenue. Yield on aluminum-coated plastic mulch was delayed by one week, but there were no significant differences in cumulative yield over 14 harvests.
38
Jin, Yanjun, and Luhao Cao. "Research on the Development Issues and Strategies of China’s Digital Culture Industry." Yixin Publisher 1, no. 3 (October 31, 2023): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.59825/jcs.2023.1.3.87.
Abstract:
With the rapid growth of China’s digital culture industry and the expanding market potential, the industry's development has become an essential avenue for marketizing the industrial economy. However, as China's digital culture industry strives to strengthen its core and make strides onto the international stage, it grapples with developmental challenges such as a weak theoretical foundation, a lack of content innovation, inadequate legal and regulatory oversight, and an imbalanced industrial structure. In light of these issues, this study conducts an analysis of the aforementioned challenges within China's digital culture industry. The goal is to identify suitable strategies and pathways for its advancement, thereby making a valuable contribution to the industry’s growth in China.
39
Ausanio, G., V. Iannotti, L. Lanotte, M. Carbucicchio, and M. Rateo. "Weak stripe domains in Co/Fe multilayers." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 226-230 (May 2001): 1740–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(00)00878-7.
40
Ichioka, Masanori, and Kazushige Machida. "Superconducting Gap Modulation in Weak Stripe States." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 71, no. 8 (August 2002): 1836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.71.1836.
41
Khakharia, Saurabh. "Stripe Wear - Ceramic on Polyethylene Bearing Surface: A Case Report." Journal of Orthopedics & Bone Disorders 7, no. 2 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jobd-16000238.
Abstract:
Background: Stripe wear is a well-known phenomenon that might be caused by rim impingement, edge loading, metal particle entrapment, micro-separation, and transient subluxation. Stripe wear is felt to represent metal transfer and has been associated with squeaking in ceramic-on-ceramic bearings. In our paper, we report the presence of stripe wear on a retrieved modular ceramic femoral head from a patient with ceramic-on-polyethylene-bearing total hip arthroplasty. Method: We report a case of a 57-year-old male who originally had metal-on-metal (MOM) THA and underwent debridement and exchange of the bearing surface from MOM to ceramic-on-polyethylene (COP) articulation for pain and metallosis. He subsequently developed sepsis and underwent resection arthroplasty. Result: Intraoperatively, a cross-table lateral radiograph revealed the forward flexion of the acetabular component and femoral neck to posterior acetabular margin impingement. By analyzing the retrieved components macroscopically and microscopically, linear scars were found on the polyethylene liner, femoral neck, and femoral head in a pattern consistent with the X-ray finding. Conclusion: If metallosis is encountered after THA, the source of the metal wear should be identified. Component malposition is a possible cause, and the surgeon should consider revision or repositioning of the components if evidence of impingement is seen, as a simple bearing exchange may not solve the problem. This report indicates that stripe wear is not limited to ceramic on ceramic articulations.
42
Gao, Tianyu, Xiaojun Wang, Yiwen Sun, Xuejing Cheng, and Qian Cong. "Friction and wear performance of bionic stripped piston of BW-160 slime pump." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, no. 4 (November 13, 2019): 872–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219887773.
Abstract:
Bionic strips were designed and processed on the piston of BW-160 slime pump to improve its friction performance, decrease wear mass losses, and prolong service life. Nine stripped pistons were processed and manifested by different strip depths and included angles between stripes and piston surface. A workbench of slime pump piston was created to test the frictional force, oil film width, and wear mass losses. Test results demonstrated that the stripped structure can significantly decrease the frictional force on the piston. Optimal strip depth, included angle, and resistance reduction rates for stripped piston reached 2 mm, 90°, and 53.89%, respectively. The oil film on stripped piston was significantly wider compared with that of the standard piston, thus reducing frictional force between the piston and cylinder sleeve. The wear mass losses and the wear rate of the bionic piston are lower than that of the standard piston. Finally, the friction and stress of the piston are analyzed by finite element method, and the influencing mechanism on performance of pistons was discussed. The test results provide parameters for piston design of BW-160 slime pump for engineering.
43
Robertson, Clive. "Lightning strikes in Western Australia." Weather 71, no. 1 (January 2016): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wea.2589.
44
Run, A. J. van, J. Romijn, and J. E. Mooij. "Superconduction Phase Coherence in Very Weak Aluminium Strips." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 26, S3-2 (January 1, 1987): 1765. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.26s3.1765.
45
Talbi, Y., Y. Roussigné, P. Djemia, and M. Labrune. "Weak stripe domains vibrations description using Thiele equation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 200, no. 4 (January 1, 2010): 042027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/4/042027.
46
Álvarez-Prado, Luis M. "Control of Dynamics in Weak PMA Magnets." Magnetochemistry 7, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7030043.
Abstract:
We have recently shown that a hybrid magnetic thin film with orthogonal anisotropies presenting weak stripe domains can achieve a high degree of controllability of its ferromagnetic resonance. This work explores the origin of the reconfigurability through micromagnetic simulations. The static domain structures which control the thin film resonance can be found under a deterministic applied field protocol. In contrast to similar systems reported, our effect can be obtained under low magnetic fields. We have also found through simulations that the spin wave propagation in the hybrid is nonreciprocal: two adjacent regions emit antiparallel spin waves along the stripe domains. Both properties convert the hybrid in a candidate for future magnonic devices at the nanoscale.
47
Shing, A. W. C., and P. P. L. Wong. "Wear of pantograph collector strips." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 222, no. 2 (March 1, 2008): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544097jrrt156.
Abstract:
The overhead conductor system (OCS) could be one of the most economical and feasible engineering solutions to the problem of how to transmit electrical energy to intercity trains (typically at 25 kV AC) or urban/suburban trains (typically at 1.5 kV DC) along open or tunnel routes. However, the consumption of contact wire and collector strips due to wear and tear could impose a severe cost on the railway operator should the interaction between the wear couple formed by the OCS and the pantograph be poor. Following the completion of several OCS improvement projects, this paper examines the factors that might have led to higher than expected consumption of collector strips by analysing statistical data from an operational railway. The observations so far are that irregular contact wire height relative to the rails and high ambient humidity have been identified as two of the many factors that led to the abnormal consumption of collector strips.
48
KOYAMA, Tatsuya, Takayuki USUDA, Mitsuru IKEDA, and Hirotsugu KUGA. "Method for Detecting Step-shaped Wear on Contact Strips of a Pantograph." Proceedings of the Symposium on Evaluation and Diagnosis 2016.15 (2016): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmesed.2016.15.102.
49
Faura, F., J. López, and J. Sanes. "Criterion for tool wear limitation on blanking 18-8 stainless steel strips." Revista de Metalurgia 33, no. 5 (October 30, 1997): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.1997.v33.i5.842.
50
Ait Oukaci, K., D. Stoeffler, M. Hehn, M. Grassi, B. Sarpi, M. Bailleul, Y. Henry, et al. "Oscillatory buckling reversal of a weak stripe magnetic texture." Materials Research Letters 11, no. 9 (July 24, 2023): 789–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2023.2238010.