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Academic literature on the topic 'Weak Stripes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 8 June 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Weak Stripes":

1

WILKINS, STUART B., PETER D. HATTON, KLAUS-DIETER LISS, M. OHLER, T. KATSUFUJI, and S. W. CHEONG. "HIGH-RESOLUTION HIGH ENERGY X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF CHARGE ORDERING IN CMR MANGANITES AND NICKELATES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 14, no. 29n31 (December 20, 2000): 3753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979200004301.

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High-resolution, high-energy, X-ray diffraction results are presented for the study of weak charge ordering phenomenon. By utilizing X-rays in the 100 keV region the dramatic increase in the penetration depth allows for both bulk-sensitive and high-resolution measurements to be made. The strontium doped La 2 NiO 4 system is a prototypical system in the understanding of strong electron-phonon coupling, and the resultant effects on material properties. At doping levels of 1/3 and 1/2 commensurate charge modulations are observed indicating real-space charge stripes. We have measured the correlation lengths of these charge stripes using both 100 keV X-rays and 8.3 keV X-rays. In comparing our results we have observed that the charge stripes appear to be well correlated in the near-surface region with correlation lengths ξ≈2400Å. However, our bulk sensitive measurements show that the charge stripes appear in a possible stripe glass phase with a correlation length of only ξ≈300Å. Our measurements on the 3D charge order manganite system Nd 0.5 Sr 0.5 MnO 3 show that the charge ordering appears to be well correlated in the bulk of the sample in contrast to our nickelate results.
2

Zhang, Junjie, Yu-Sheng Chen, D. Phelan, Hong Zheng, M. R. Norman, and J. F. Mitchell. "Stacked charge stripes in the quasi-2D trilayer nickelate La4Ni3O8." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 32 (July 26, 2016): 8945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606637113.

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The quasi-2D nickelate La4Ni3O8 (La-438), consisting of trilayer networks of square planar Ni ions, is a member of the so-called T′ family, which is derived from the Ruddlesden–Popper (R-P) parent compound La4Ni3O10−x by removing two oxygen atoms and rearranging the rock salt layers to fluorite-type layers. Although previous studies on polycrystalline samples have identified a 105-K phase transition with a pronounced electronic and magnetic response but weak lattice character, no consensus on the origin of this transition has been reached. Here, we show using synchrotron X-ray diffraction on high-pO2 floating zone-grown single crystals that this transition is associated with a real space ordering of charge into a quasi-2D charge stripe ground state. The charge stripe superlattice propagation vector, q = (2/3, 0, 1), corresponds with that found in the related 1/3-hole doped single-layer R-P nickelate, La5/3Sr1/3NiO4 (LSNO-1/3; Ni2.33+), with orientation at 45° to the Ni-O bonds. The charge stripes in La-438 are weakly correlated along c to form a staggered ABAB stacking that reduces the Coulomb repulsion among the stripes. Surprisingly, however, we find that the charge stripes within each trilayer of La-438 are stacked in phase from one layer to the next, at odds with any simple Coulomb repulsion argument.
3

Cai, Yongli, Caidi Zhao, and Weiming Wang. "Spatiotemporal Complexity of a Leslie-Gower Predator-Prey Model with the Weak Allee Effect." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/535746.

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We investigate a diffusive Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with the additive Allee effect on prey subject to the zero-flux boundary conditions. Some results of solutions to this model and its corresponding steady-state problem are shown. More precisely, we give the stability of the positive constant steady-state solution, the refineda prioriestimates of positive solution, and the nonexistence and existence of the positive nonconstant solutions. We carry out the analytical study for two-dimensional system in detail and find out the certain conditions for Turing instability. Furthermore, we perform numerical simulations and show that the model exhibits a transition from stripe-spot mixtures growth to isolated spots and also to stripes. These results show that the impact of the Allee effect essentially increases the model spatiotemporal complexity.
4

Garnier, L. C., M. Eddrief, S. Fin, D. Bisero, F. Fortuna, V. H. Etgens, and M. Marangolo. "Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe–N Thin Films: Threshold Field for Irreversible Magnetic Stripe Domain Rotation." SPIN 06, no. 04 (December 2016): 1640014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324716400142.

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The magnetic properties of an iron nitride thin film obtained by ion implantation have been investigated. N[Formula: see text] ions were implanted in a pristine iron layer epitaxially grown on ZnSe/GaAs(001). X-ray diffraction measurements revealed the formation of body-centered tetragonal N-martensite whose [Formula: see text]-axis is perpendicular to the thin film plane and [Formula: see text]-parameter is close to that of [Formula: see text]-Fe8N. Magnetic measurements disclosed a weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) whose energy density [Formula: see text] was assessed to about 105[Formula: see text]J/m3. A sharp decline of the in-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) was also observed, in comparison with the body-centered cubic iron. The origin of the PMA is attributed to the MCA of N-martensite and/or stress-induced anisotropy. As a result of the PMA, weak magnetic stripe domains with a period of about 130[Formula: see text]nm aligned along the last saturating magnetic field direction were observed at remanence by magnetic force microscopy. The application of an increasing in-plane magnetic field transverse to the stripes [Formula: see text] highlighted a threshold value ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]T) above which these magnetic domains irreversibly rotated. Interestingly, below this threshold, the stripes do not rotate, leading to a zero remanent magnetization along the direction of the applied field. The interest of this system for magnetization dynamics is discussed.
5

Mäthger, L. M., and E. J. Denton. "Reflective properties of iridophores and fluorescent ‘eyespots’ in the loliginid squidAlloteuthis subulataandLoligo vulgaris." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 12 (June 15, 2001): 2103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.12.2103.

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SUMMARYObservations were made of the reflective properties of the iridophore stripes of the squid Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris, and the likely functions of these stripes are considered in terms of concealment and signalling.In both species, the mantle muscle is almost transparent. Stripes of iridophores run along the length of each side of the mantle, some of which, when viewed at normal incidence in white light, reflect red, others green or blue. When viewed obliquely, the wavebands best reflected move towards the blue/ultraviolet end of the spectrum and their reflections are almost 100% polarised. These are properties of quarter-wavelength stacks of chitin and cytoplasm, predicted in theoretical analyses made by Sir A. F. Huxley and Professor M. F. Land. The reflecting surfaces of the individual iridophores are almost flat and, in a given stripe, these surfaces are within a few degrees of being parallel. Both species of squid have conspicuous, brightly coloured reflectors above their eyes. These ‘eyespots’ have iridescent layers similar to those found on the mantle but are overlaid by a green fluorescent layer that does not change colour or become polarised as it is viewed more obliquely. In the sea, all reflections from the iridophore stripes will be largely confined to the blue-green parts of the spectrum and all reflections in other wavebands, such as those in the red and near ultraviolet, will be weak. The functions of the iridophores reflecting red at normal incidence must be sought in their reflections of blue-green at oblique angles of incidence. These squid rely for their camouflage mainly on their transparency, and the ventral iridophores and the red, green and blue reflective stripes must be used mainly for signalling. The reflectivities of some of these stripes are relatively low, allowing a large fraction of the incident light to be transmitted into the mantle cavity. Despite their low reflectivities, the stripes are very conspicuous when viewed from some limited directions because they reflect light from directions for which the radiances are much higher than those of the backgrounds against which they are viewed. The reflective patterns seen, for example, by neighbouring squid when schooling depend on the orientation of the squid in the external light field and the position of the squid relative to these neighbours.
6

Teng, Feng Ming, Xing Wang Zhang, Fang Yuan Liu, and Qian Cong. "Study on Wear of Bionic Roller Based on Arca Subcrenala Lischke." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.37.

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Based on the Arca subcrenala Lischke’s surface morphology and its excellent wear resistance, we designed and processed the cement roller stripe-shaped surface. We used test optimization and regression analysis techniques, made the number of stripes and stripe’s depth as the experimental factors, and have studied the stripe-shaped cement roller wear mechanism. We received the relationship function between roller wear with the depth and number of stripes, explored the influence of resistance about wear based on the various test factors, and made a simple analysis about the wearable mechanism of the stripe-shaped Bionic roller.
7

Alielden, Khaled. "Characteristics of stripes-pattern radio-emission sources." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 514, no. 2 (June 16, 2022): 2135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1384.

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ABSTRACT An investigation of the generation mechanism for stripes-pattern radio spectra is important for an understanding of the dynamics of non-thermal electrons in several astronomical objects, including the Sun, Jupiter, and the Crab Pulsar. A new analytical study is carried out to identify the plasma characteristics of fiber- and zebra-pattern emission sources without an underlying density or magnetic model. The analysis demonstrates that the source region of the stripes emission is located underneath the reconnection point, where the ratio s of the instability growth rate to the electron gyrofrequency ωc does not equal unity; that is, s = k⊥v⊥/ωc ≠ 1. When |s| < 1, the plasma condition of the source region becomes k⊥v⊥ < ωp < ωc, where ωp is the plasma frequency, and the emission source is likely to produce a fiber radio burst. For |s| > 1, the plasma condition of the source region is ωc < ωp < k⊥v⊥, and the emission source is likely to produce zebra-pattern emission. This indicates that the magnetic field in the source region of zebra-pattern radio emission is weak and it is relatively high in the source region of fiber-pattern emission. An approach is applied to estimate the plasma parameters of a zebra-pattern emission source observed on 2011 June 21. The behaviour of the blasted medium, which is produced by magnetic reconnection, is investigated. The results show that the blasted medium propagates isothermally as a sausage-like wave for a short time during the emission. The study discusses the conditions for producing different types of striped radio emission and provides a simple computational approach that could be useful in a number of astronomical contexts.
8

Chauhan, Kinjal A., Anuj K. Sharma, and Yogendra Kumar Prajapati. "Spin wave based weak magnetic field measurement at room temperature using magnonic crystal." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 56, no. 43 (July 27, 2023): 435001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ace6b7.

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Abstract We describe a weak magnetic field sensor operating at room temperature based on the magnonic crystal (MC). MC consisting of periodic stripes of cobalt (Co) and permalloy (Py) in one dimension is studied. The magnonic bandgaps are calculated by solving the eigenvalue problem of the Landau–Lifshitz equation using the finite element method. Magnonic bandgap frequency shifts depend upon the external magnetic field and this phenomenon is utilized for magnetic field sensing. The sensitivity characteristics of MCs with dispersion spectra in the gigahertz (GHz) frequency range are studied. It is found that the sensor’s performance gets enhanced for smaller thickness and larger periodicity. The sensitivity reaches a magnitude as large as 66.0 GHz T−1 for 10 nm thickness and 1 μm periodicity. Our analysis indicates that a limit of detection (LOD) of the order of 10−11 T can be achieved for all the geometric configurations considered in the 0–1 T range. The results are explained in terms of corresponding fundamental concepts and phenomena. Further, our simulation results show that the typical gap (e.g. 1 nm) between Co and Py stripes does not significantly affect the sensitivity of the sensor. The results also indicate that any small variation (e.g. 1 nm) in MC thickness may lead to reasonable variation in sensitivity magnitudes. Moreover, the proposed sensor’s performance is significantly superior (in terms of sensitivity, LOD, miniaturization, and material, etc) to the currently available state-of-the-art magnetometers.
9

Sergienko, T., I. Sandahl, B. Gustavsson, L. Andersson, U. Brändström, and Å. Steen. "A study of fine structure of diffuse aurora with ALIS-FAST measurements." Annales Geophysicae 26, no. 11 (October 21, 2008): 3185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-3185-2008.

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Abstract. We present results of an investigation of the fine structure of the night sector diffuse auroral zone, observed simultaneously with optical instruments (ALIS) from the ground and the FAST electron spectrometer from space 16 February 1997. Both the optical and particle data show that the diffuse auroral zone consisted of two regions. The equatorward part of the diffuse aurora was occupied by a pattern of regular, parallel auroral stripes. The auroral stripes were significantly brighter than the background luminosity, had widths of approximately 5 km and moved southward with a velocity of about 100 m/s. The second region, located between the region with auroral stripes and the discrete auroral arcs to the north, was filled with weak and almost homogeneous luminosity, against which short-lived auroral rays and small patches appeared chaotically. From analysis of the electron differential fluxes corresponding to the different regions of the diffuse aurora and based on existing theories of the scattering process we conclude the following: Strong pitch angle diffusion by electron cyclotron harmonic waves (ECH) of plasma sheet electrons in the energy range from a few hundred eV to 3–4 keV was responsible for the electron precipitation, that produced the background luminosity within the whole diffuse zone. The fine structure, represented by the auroral stripes, was created by precipitation of electrons above 3–4 keV as a result of pitch angle diffusion into the loss cone by whistler mode waves. A so called "internal gravity wave" (Safargaleev and Maltsev, 1986) may explain the formation of the regular spatial pattern formed by the auroral stripes in the equatorward part of the diffuse auroral zone.
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Valdés-Bango, F., M. Vélez, L. M. Alvarez-Prado, J. M. Alameda, and J. I. Martín. "Magnetic stripes and holes: Complex domain patterns in perforated films with weak perpendicular anisotropy." AIP Advances 7, no. 5 (May 2017): 056303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4973284.

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Journal articles Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Weak Stripes":

1

Aït, Oukaci Kosseila. "Domaines magnétiques périodiques pour la propagation guidée d’ondes de spin." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0100.

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L'International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors a identifié les dispositifs à base d'ondes de spin comme une alternative à la technologie CMOS pour les dispositifs logiques. Cependant, les dispositifs standards souffrent de plusieurs inconvénients liés à la miniaturisation et n'offrent pas la possibilité d'aborder le domaine des dispositifs logiques entièrement reprogrammables. L'objectif de ma thèse est d'établir une nouvelle voie vers des dispositifs logiques évolutifs et reprogrammables. Cette voie repose sur la stabilisation de domaines magnétiques périodiques rectilignes dont l’orientation peut être configurée à souhait pour ouvrir ou fermer le canal de transmission de l’information. Ce canal sera formé dans un matériau à faible amortissement pour une propagation des ondes de spin sur des distances microniques. D’une part, des domaines magnétiques de type Weak Stripes ont été obtenus dans l’alliage Co₄₀Fe₄₀B₂₀. Nous avons montré que ces domaines sont facilement orientables, ce qui permettra de facilement ouvrir ou fermer le canal de transmission des ondes de spin. Un amortissement inférieur à 7.10⁻³ peut être obtenu. La microscopie magnétique nous a permis de déterminer l’angle de l’aimantation dans les bandes, sa distribution spatiale ainsi que sa variation sous champ magnétique. De plus, nous avons montré pour la première fois la configuration de surface de ces Weak Stripes, configuration en accord avec les simulations micromagnétiques. D’autre part, des domaines magnétiques de type Strong Stripes sont obtenus dans les multicouches [Co/Ni]n. Leurs propriétés sont proches de celles observées dans d’autres matériaux comme le Co épitaxié. Un coefficient d’amortissement inférieur à 8.8 ×10⁻³ est obtenu, parmi les plus petits pour des systèmes à aimantation perpendiculaire. Leurs propriétés magnétiques microscopiques montrent que l’orientation des bandes est plus difficile à obtenir à cause d’une transformation bandes/bulles non encore répertoriée dans la littérature
The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors has identified spin wave devices as an alternative to CMOS technology for logic devices. The interest of these emerging devices lies in the scalability needed to process the ever-increasing amount of data generated by our information and communication society while maintaining low power consumption. However, standard devices suffer from drawbacks related to miniaturization and do not offer the possibility to enter the field of fully reprogrammable logic devices. The objective of my thesis is to establish a new path towards scalable and reprogrammable logic devices. This path is based on the stabilization of rectilinear periodic magnetic domains whose orientation can be configured to open or close the transmission channel. This channel will be formed in a low-damping material for spin wave propagation over micron distances. On one hand, magnetic domains of the Weak Stripes type have been obtained in the Co₄₀Fe₄₀B₂₀ alloy. We have shown that these domains are easily orientable, which will allow to easily open or close the transmission channel of spin waves. We show that a damping lower than 7×10⁻³ can be obtained. Magnetic microscopy allowed us to determine the angle of magnetization in the stripes, its spatial distribution as well as its variation under magnetic field. In addition, we show for the first time the surface configuration of these Weak Stripes, a configuration in accordance with the micromagnetic simulations. On the other hand, Strong Stripes magnetic domains are obtained in the [Co/Ni]n multilayers. Their properties are close to those observed in other materials such as Co epitaxial films. A damping coefficient lower than 8.8 ×10⁻³ is obtained, among the smallest for perpendicular magnetization systems. The study of their microscopic magnetic properties shows that the orientation of straight domains is more difficult to obtain because of a stripe/bubble transformation which has not yet been documented in the literature
2

Kini, Dominic Anant. "Weak singularities in general relativity." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241863.

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Li, Ran, Huanyuan Shan, Jean-Paul Kneib, Houjun Mo, Eduardo Rozo, Alexie Leauthaud, John Moustakas, et al. "Measuring subhalo mass in redMaPPer clusters with CFHT Stripe 82 Survey." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614749.

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We use the shear catalogue from the CFHT Stripe-82 Survey to measure the subhalo masses of satellite galaxies in redMaPPer clusters. Assuming a Chabrier initial mass function and a truncated NFW model for the subhalo mass distribution, we find that the subhalo mass to galaxy stellar mass ratio increases as a function of projected halo-centric radius r(p), from M-sub/M-star = 4.43(-2.23)(+6.63) at r(p) is an element of [0.1, 0.3] h(-1) Mpc toM(sub)/M-star = 75.40(-19.09)(+19.73) at r(p) is an element of [0.6, 0.9] h(-1) Mpc. We also investigate the dependence of subhalo masses on stellar mass by splitting satellite galaxies into two stellar mass bins: 10 < log (M-star/h(-1) M-circle dot) < 10.5 and 11 < log (M-star/h(-1) M-circle dot) < 12. The best-fitting subhalomass of the more massive satellite galaxy bin is larger than that of the lessmassive satellites: log(M-sub/h(-1) M-circle dot) = 11.14(-0.73)(+0.66) (M-sub/M-star = 19.5(-17.9)(+19.8)) versus log(M-sub/h(-1) M-circle dot) = 12.38(-0.16)(+0.16) (M-sub/M-star = 21.1(-7.7)(+7.4)).
4

Steinke, Steven Kurt. "Quantum Collective Dynamics From the neV To the GeV." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146090.

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Three problems are investigated in the context of quantum collective dynamics. First, we examine the optomechanics of a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in an optical ring cavity and coupled to counter-propagating light fields. Virtual dipole transitions cause the light to recoil elastically from the condensate and to excite its atoms into momentum side modes. These momentum side modes produce collective density oscillations. We contrast the situation to a condensate trapped in a Fabry-Perot cavity, where only symmetric ("cosine") side modes are excited. In the ring cavity case, antisymmetric ("sine") modes can be excited also. We explore the mean field limit and find that even when the counter-propagating light fields are symmetrically pumped, there are parameter regions where spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs and the sine mode becomes occupied. In addition, quantum fluctuations are taken into account and shown to be particularly significant for parameter values near bifurcations of the mean field dynamics. The next system studied is a hybrid composed of a high quality micromechanical membrane coupled magnetically to a spinor condensate. This coupling entangles the membrane and the condensate and can produce position superposition states of the membrane. Successive spin measurements of the condensate can put the membrane into an increasingly complicated state. It is possible in principle to produce nonclassical states of the membrane. We also examine a model of weaker, nonprojective measurements of the condensate's spin using phase contrast imaging. We find an upper limit on how quickly such measurements can be made without severely disrupting the unitary dynamics. The third situation analyzed is the string breaking mechanism in ultrahigh energy collisions. When quark-antiquark pairs are produced in a collision, they are believed to be linked by a tube of chromoelectric field flux, the color string. The energy of the string grows linearly with quark separation. This energy is converted into real particles by the Schwinger mechanism. Screening of the color fields by new particles breaks the string. By quantizing excitations of the string using the conjugate coordinates of field strength and string cross-section, we recover the observed exponential spectrum of outgoing particles.
5

Tahir, Mohammed. "Some aspects on lubrication and roll wear in rolling mills." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Production Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3640.

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The thesis is focused on lubricants and roll wear in striprolling.

Regarding lubricants, the possibility of introducing newones, which are less detrimental towards environment, isstudied in laboratory scale. This is done for cold rolling,both of an Al- alloy and a low carbon steel. The lubricationperformance of such newly developed–water-based–synthetic lubricants is compared with currently used mineraloils and emulsions. By using the experimental method of"forward slip" measurements combined with slab methodcalculations and FE- simulations, friction coefficients areevaluated for different single pass reductions. Lubricantsbearing capacity and the product surface roughness are alsoevaluated. The results are encouraging.

A synthetic water-based lubricant, used in the cold rollingof an Al- alloy, showed good lubrication capability, betterthan the mineral oil but worse than the emulsion. The rolledAl- strip finish was found to be finest for the syntheticlubricant followed by the mineral oil and the emulsion. Similarresults were obtained from the steel rolling. Here foursynthetic lubricants were compared with two mineral oils andone emulsion. The best lubricant was found to be one of thewater-based synthetics, showing the lowest value of thefriction coefficient and a smooth product surface.

The aim of the wear study is to develop an accurateroll-wear prediction for hot strip finishing mills, which takesmore influential parameters into account. A new model of higheraccuracy is presented. This model is based on a large amount ofproduction campaigns. The strategy of the work is describedbelow.

After a comprehensive literature study a promising modelstructure was found. The corresponding equation is tested ontwo hot strip mills. Predicted wear is found to be inqualitative agreement with industrial experience and measuredwear. Thus the structure–taking the influence of back-uprolls into account–was chosen for further development.This was done on behalf of results obtained from one mill builtup by six stands and three different work-roll materials.Campaigns of "mixed" and "similar" strip grades were used. Theobtained model is tested successfully in two other hot stripmills.

Contradictory to the currently used on-line model, the newmodel takes the work roll flattening and back-up rolls contactarea into consideration. Also the influence of strip- and workroll grades is included. The model enables increased rolledstrip length and prolonged lifetime of the rolls, because ofimproved process control. Further more, grinding cost and timefor roll changing can be minimized. Of course thesepossibilities should result in considerable energy saving.

Keywords:Strip rolling, lubricants, environment, rollwear modeling, production campaigns, regression analysis

6

Wallhed, Niklas. "The EU Taxonomy on Sustainable Finance : A Major Stride Forward or a Nightmare in Practice?" Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298309.

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To limit the effects of climate change and keep the global mean temperature increase of below 1.5 °C in the year 2100, the financial markets need to shift investments into low-carbon business and technologies. By integrating sustainability assessments into traditional investment analysis, sustainable investing is in this case a concept that can be used to enable this transition. The EU Taxonomy on sustainable finance is a tool and future mandatory regulation that aims to highlight sustainable investing and to help different companies, investors and project promoters make investment decisions that align with the transition to a low-carbon society. This study aims to describe how the EU taxonomy can be related to sustainable investments, and to examine how companies in different sectors are evaluated using the EU Taxonomy by using companies included in a sustainability fund as a case study. Furthermore, the study aims to examine whether the EU Taxonomy is in line with the Industrial Ecology concepts of Life cycle thinking and weak/strong sustainability. The results of the literature study of the EU Taxonomy together with the case study suggests that the implementation of the EU Taxonomy into EU regulation will lead to a greater integration of sustainable investing within the EU. Furthermore, the EU Taxonomy does in theory integrate Life cycle thinking as well as possess a strong view on sustainability. However, this does not translate into practice as the practical implementation of the EU Taxonomy as it stands right now does not implement these concepts. The results of the case study showed that there are issues associated with accessing company specific information, as the analyzed companies did not disclose how their operations relate to the EU Taxonomy. Moreover, the case study indicated that some sectors have an easier time being considered environmentally sustainable by the EU Taxonomy. The EU Taxonomy is a step in the right direction towards increased integration of environmental sustainability into investments, however, the tool and regulation as it stands right now leaves much to be desired.
För att hålla den globala medeltemperaturen under en ökning på 1.5 °C till år 2100, måste den finansiella marknaden investera i företag och teknologier som bidrar till en minskning av växthusgasutsläpp globalt. Hållbara investeringar är ett koncept som tar hänsyn till b.la utsläpp av växthusgaser i investeringsbeslut, vilket kan möjliggöra denna övergång till hållbarare samhälle. EU:s Taxonomi om hållbara investeringar är ett ramverk och framtida reglemente som ämnar att möjliggöra och hjälpa företag, investerare och projektansvariga att investera mer miljömässig hållbart. Denna studie syftar till att förklara hur EU Taxonomin kan relateras till hållbara investeringar, samt att examinera hur företag i olika sektorer kan utvärderas med hjälp av EU Taxonomin genom att genomföra en casestudie på företag inkludera i en hållbarhetsfond. Vidare ämnar denna studie examinera om EU Taxonomin är i linje med industriell ekologi med koncepten livscykeltänkande (en: Life Cycle Thinking) samt stark och svag hållbarhet. Resultatet indikerar att implementeringen av EU Taxonomin kommer att leda till en ökad integrering av hållbara investering inom EU. Vidare indikerar resultatet att EU Taxonomin har som mål att ta hänsyn till livscykeltänkande och vara i linje med stark hållbarhet, men att denna målsättning inte är inkluderat i det praktiska verktyget som EU Taxonomin använder. Resultatet av casestudien visar att det finns problem kopplade till att bedöma hur väl företag tar hänsyn till kriterierna inkluderade i EU Taxonomin, då företag inte delger den information som behövs för att göra denna bedömning. Vidare så indikerade casestudien att vissa sektorer kommer ha det lättare när det kommer till att vara i linje med EU Taxonomins kriterier. Avslutningsvis så är EU Taxonomin ett steg i rätt riktning när det kommer till att integrera miljöaspekter i investeringar, men det praktiska verktyget och ramverk som det ser ut just nu skulle kunna vara mer utvecklat och mer strikt i praktiken.
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Garnier, Louis-Charles. "Couches minces en Fe-N élaborées par implantation ionique : propriétés structurales et magnétiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV027/document.

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Les phases alpha'-Fe8N1-x et alpha''-Fe16N2 ont un fort potentiel d’application, en raison de leur anisotropie magnétocristalline uniaxiale et de leur grande aimantation à saturation. Cependant, les valeurs annoncées pour ces propriétés magnétiques restent sujettes à discussion. Les recherches menées au cours de cette thèse de doctorat ont été initiées dans le but de clarifier cette situation. L’élaboration des échantillons a principalement consisté en l’implantation ionique d’azote dans des couches minces de fer alpha épitaxiées sur ZnSe/GaAs (001). Entre autres, les effets de la température de la cible et de la fluence sur la structure cristalline des échantillons ont été analysés par diffractométrie des rayons X. La présence d’une anisotropie magnétique perpendiculaire a été mise en évidence dans les couches minces contenant les phases alpha'-Fe8N1-x ou alpha''-Fe16N2. La constante d’anisotropie a été évaluée par magnétométrie à échantillon vibrant et résonance ferromagnétique. À l’occasion de ces recherches, des domaines en rubans faibles ont été observés par microscopie à force magnétique dans certaines couches minces en Fe-N. Ceux-ci sont particulièrement rectilignes et des dislocations coin se trouvent au sein de leur structure périodique. Des études ont alors été réalisées dans le but de contrôler avec précision la réorientation des domaines en rubans et le déplacement des dislocations magnétiques, à l’aide d’un champ magnétique
The alpha'-Fe8N1-x and alpha''-Fe16N2 phases have a high potential of application, because of their uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy and their large saturation magnetization. However, the values announced for these magnetic properties remain a subject of discussion. The research conducted during this PhD thesis was initiated in order to clarify this situation. Sample making consisted mainly of nitrogen ion implantation into alpha-Fe thin films, epitaxially grown on ZnSe/GaAs (001). Among others, the effects of target temperature and fluence on the crystal structure of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry. The presence of a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was demonstrated in the thin films containing the alpha'-Fe8N1-x and alpha''-Fe16N2 phases. The anisotropy constant was evaluated by vibrating sample magnetometry and ferromagnetic resonance. In this research, weak stripe domains were observed by magnetic force microscopy in some Fe-N thin films. These are particularly straight and edge dislocations are found within their periodic structure. Studies were then carried out to precisely control the reorientation of the stripe domains and the displacement of the magnetic dislocations, using a magnetic field
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Bendzovski, Daniel. "Trend-sandwich : Exploring new ways of joining inspiration, such as different kinds of trends, through processes of morphing and melding different trendy garments and materials, for new methods, garment types, materials and expressions." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-248.

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The aim of this work is to explore the joining of inspiration, such as different garments and materials, in relation to commonly used methods in the fashion industry when it comes to joining of different trends and references such as clashing and collaging. The work proposes a new method and framework for join- ing inspiration which generates different results depending on what kind of inspiration that is put in to it. A garment can roughly be broken down to a silhouette and shape, materials and details. The material put in to the method and framework is based on information from trend seminars for SS16, because that is how many of today’s trend-oriented fashion brands get there inspiration. Trendy garment silhouettes are mixed through processes of computational morphing in Adobe Flash by a generation of spin in the mixing process were shape hints are used in a new manner. The new generated silhouettes are further developed and materialized through procedures of interpretation and figuration. Different trendy materials are melded in a direct and concrete way through mixed media techniques such as laminating, fusing and vacuum-techniques. The final steps of the method is a garment shape and material synthesis with starting point in the generated shape with the final material. The projects intention is to let the physical experimentation, interpretation and figuration play a central role in the research process for new types of methods, garments, materials and expressive pos- sibilities.
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Marcou, Alice. "Interactions d’ondes et de bord." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14267/document.

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Tout d'abord, des ondes de surface, solutions de problèmes aux limites hyperboliques non linéaires, sont étudiées : on construit une solution BKW sous forme de développement infini en puissance de epsilon. On le justifie rigoureusement, en construisant une solution exacte, qui admet ce développement asymptotique. On montre que la solution n'est pas nécessairement purement localisée sur la frontière, même lorsque le terme source l'est ; l'exemple d'un cas particulier de l'élasticité est traité. Ensuite, on étudie la réflexion d'ondes non linéaires discontinues, pour des problèmes aux limites hyperboliques, faiblement bien posés, ni fortement stables, ni fortement instables. On étudie comment les singularités d'une solution striée sont réfléchies lorsque la solution atteint la frontière. On prouve des estimations striées et en normes infinies. On montre qu'une discontinuité du gradient de la solution à travers un hyperplan peut être réfléchie en une discontinuité de la solution elle-même
We first study surface waves, solutions of hyperbolic nonlinear boundary value problems. We construct BKW solutions in the weakly nonlinear regime with infinite expansion in powers of ε. We rigorously justify this expansion,constructing exact solutions, which admit the asymptotic expansions. We also show that the solution is not necessarily localized at the order O(ε∞) in the interior, even if the data are ; a particular case of elasticity is studied: we prove that fast oscillatory elastic surface waves can produce non trivial internal non oscillatory displacements.Afterwards, we study the reflection of non linear discontinuous waves, for weakly well-posed hyperbolic boundary value problems, satisfying the (WR) condition, which has been introduced in [1, 12], that is in a case where the IBVP is neither strongly stable, nor strongly unstable. We study how the singularities of a striated solution are reflected when the solution hits the boundary. We prove striated estimates and L∞ estimates and observe the loss of one derivative: we show that a discontinuityof the gradient of the solution across an hyperplane can be reflected in a discontinuity across an hyperplane of the solution itself
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Chen, Chien-An, and 陳建安. "Wear behavior and cutting performance of PVD TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, TiAlCrN/TiAlN and TiN/TiAlN/TiAlCN coated wire strippers." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77763422243729817027.

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碩士
國立中央大學
機械工程學系
104
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) super-hard in the industry for about 30 years of history of ceramic coated on the surface of the tool, the most representative of the titanium nitride coated as TiN, TiCN and TiAlN having a high hardness, low friction coefficient, corrosion resistance and other characteristics, it is widely used in the tool. In the present study, we used S50C, 420J2 two materials of commercially available cable tongs as a substrate, coated with TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, TiAlCrN / TiAlN bilayer, TiN / TiAlN / TiAlCN three-layer film coating was observed cross section morphology, elemental distribution, the surface properties of the surface roughness and friction coefficient, and a substrate measuring hardness, abrasion resistance, calculated sharpness index (BSI) to evaluate the coated substrate for different cutting ability. The results showed that the substrate hardness display S50C base temper softening phenomenon has to shadow tool durability. Sharpness aspect, BSI index after plating are better than the uncoated sample, wherein the sample S50C sample coated TiAlCrN / TiAlN bilayer membrane BSI index fell 27.93%, 420J2 is based on TiAlN coated samples decreased 30.71% best. Abrasion resistance portion TiN coating has the lowest coefficient of friction

Books on the topic "Weak Stripes":

1

Dick, Dunham. Fat guys don't wear stripes. Boston: Quinlan Press, 1988.

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Dunham, Dick. Fat guys don't wear stripes. Boston: Quinlan Press, 1988.

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Jones, Marcia Thornton. Reindeer Do Wear Striped Underwear. New York: Scholastic, 2006.

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Sŏp'aesŭ. Yakhan yŏngung: Weak hero. 8th ed. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Chaedam, 2020.

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Kelley, Walter P. Victory week. Rochester, NY: Deaf Life Press, 2001.

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Kelley, Walter P. Victory week. Rochester, NY: Deaf Life Press, 1998.

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Gannon, Jack R. The week the world heard Gallaudet. Washington, D.C: Gallaudet University Press, 1989.

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Hazuki, Matcha. One week friends. New York, NY: Yen Press, 2018.

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Hazuki, Matcha. One week friends. New York, NY: Yen Press, 2018.

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Reid. Fokke & Sukke aan het werk. Soest: Catullus, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Weak Stripes":

1

Ciuchi, S., and F. de Pasquale. "The Charge-Ordered State from Weak to Strong Coupling." In Stripes and Related Phenomena, 183–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47100-0_22.

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Hari Dass, N. D. "Radioactivity and Weak Interactions." In Strings to Strings, 19–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35358-1_2.

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Cilliers, Jakkie. "Good Governance, Democracy and Development." In The Future of Africa, 307–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46590-2_13.

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AbstractIn this chapter, Cilliers explores how democracy has swept across the globe to become the dominant form of governance. Africa, too, has become increasingly democratic, but often in name only: regular elections are often façades for corrupt, autocratic regimes. Cilliers explains how, in fact, competitive politics in poorly developed countries with weak political institutions may actually hinder development. However, public support for democracy has surged in Africa and it is critical that African countries protect and advance the strides they have made towards substantive democratic governance. The Fourth Wave scenario laid out in this chapter demonstrates how a more democratic Africa would impact on development.
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Levy, Yadin David, and William Lindsay Walter. "Complications of Ceramic-on-Ceramic Bearings: Fracture, Stripe Wear, and Squeaking." In Complications after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty, 137–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54913-2_14.

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Heynders, Odile. "Perspectives on the Common: The Input of Literature." In The New Common, 99–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65355-2_14.

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AbstractIn the COVID-19 context, journalists and columnists frequently refer to literary texts in order to demonstrate that what is happening under the current circumstances has already been described by writers of fiction. The idea is that literature opens a window to the real world, that, in imagination, we can find a representation of factual events. Various historical and contemporary works of fiction describe societies infected with all sorts of contagious diseases from the bubonic plague in London to AIDS in Africa. Most of these novels can be read as allegories; they demonstrate how people react to illness, social panic, and isolation. They confirm that, although times are changing, the impact of pandemics on individuals does not differ that much. All these works underline that communities can only be based on a humanist approach and solidarity. But they also describe individuals that do not always strive for the common good. The violence in some of the novels is illustrative; the norms and values of social groups become permeated when people get weak or invalid due to a spreading disease.
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Rubio, Philip F. "The Strike Ends." In Undelivered, 97–118. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469655468.003.0005.

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Chapter Four follows the last three days of the 1970 postal wildcat strike. It starts from President Richard M. Nixon’s dramatic intervention on March 23, 1970 when he sent thousands of unarmed federal troops and National Guard to New York City as part of Operation Graphic Hand to try to move the mail and break the strike. Strikers across the country ended the strike March 25 on their own terms, threatening to walk out again the following week.
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"WEEK 3: FOUR-PANEL STRIPS." In Cartooning, 37–40. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/9780300172591-006.

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Ehrlich, Matthew C. "A’s vs. Royals, Part I." In Kansas City vs. Oakland, 72–92. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042652.003.0004.

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This chapter relates the rise in the fortunes of baseball’s Oakland A’s, culminating in their 1972 World Series title. They won despite weak attendance and turmoil under owner Charles Finley. The Kansas City Royals established themselves as a model expansion franchise under owner Ewing Kauffman but still had far to go to match the A’s’ success. Labor unrest engulfed both baseball and the two cities during this period, with baseball players walking off the job not long after lengthy construction strikes in Kansas City and a dockworkers strike against the Port of Oakland. Even as the growing power of the Major League Baseball Players Association transformed baseball, organized labor elsewhere faced an increasingly harsh climate.
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Stokes, W. Royal. "Strings." In Living the Jazz Life, 153–78. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195081084.003.0006.

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Abstract In the 1970s, Slam Stewart began a long-lasting duo collaboration with guitarist Bucky Pizzarelli. A week-long engagement of the pair at the King of France Tavern in Annapolis, Maryland, provided an opportunity for me to interview both artists on my radio show “I Thought I Heard Buddy Bolden Say . . .” on Washington, D.C.’s, now long-defunct WGTB-FM. (Excerpts from the Bucky Pizzarelli portion of the program appear in the Musical Families chapter.)
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KOGAN, I. I., and M. A. SHIPMAN. "ONCE MORE ON WEAK RADIATIVE DECAYS." In From Fields to Strings: Circumnavigating Theoretical Physics, 2199–217. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812775344_0056.

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Conference papers on the topic "Weak Stripes":

1

Chen, Zhigang, and Mordechai Segev. "Dark Soliton Stripes, Vortices and Soliton-induced Waveguides Formed in Bulk Photorefractive Media." In Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.thb4.

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Photorefractive spatial solitons [1-3] are promising for applications in all-optical switching, optical interconnects and the development of novel photonic devices. We report on study of steady-state dark photorefractive screening-solitons, formed when a laser beam containing a dark notch propagates through a bulk strontium barium niobate crystal biased by an electric field. A dark photorefractive soliton, although generated with a weak beam, induces a waveguide in the bulk of the crystal that guides other strong beams of longer wavelengths. Fundamental, Y-Junction and multiple dark photorefractive solitons are observed, so are the waveguides they induce that can guide other beams into multiple channels [3]. A dark photorefractive soliton can also couple with another dark or bright soliton, forming interesting coupled spatial soliton pairs that consist of self-guided propagation of two beams in the photorefractive materials [4]. Recently, we have demonstrated steady-state self-trapping of circular and elliptical optical vortices (in both transverse dimensions) due to two distinctly different nonlinear mechanisms: the bulk photovoltaic effect in an unbiased LiNbO3 crystal, and the photorefractive screening effect in a biased SBN crystal [5].
2

Montagni Domingues Filho, Gabriel, Caetano Mazzoni Ranieri, Douglas Queiroz Galucio Batista, and Jó Ueyama. "Enhancing Water Level Identification with a Barcode-Patterned Panel and Machine Learning." In Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eniac.2023.234311.

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Floods cause significant material and human losses worldwide, leading to research in monitoring water levels in urban streams. Existing technologies, such as pressure and ultrasonic sensors, are accurate but costly to deploy. Although ground cameras offer a low-cost alternative, current approaches relying on weak visual markers are sensitive to environmental factors. We address this research gap by introducing a physical marker, called "barcode panel", which is a stainless steel plate with printed black stripes indicating water level. A deep learning algorithm was employed to accurately predict water levels based on this marker. We evaluated our approach using two datasets: one in a pool and another in an actual river. The model demonstrated precise water level predictions in the pool dataset and good results for the river dataset, despite training solely on the pool images. These promising results provide valuable insights for further studies and practical applications.
3

Towe, J. "Intrinsic metrical strings and quark-lepton transitions." In Discovery of weak neutral currents: the weak interaction before and after. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.45435.

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KANE, GORDON L. "WEAK SCALE SUPERSYMMETRY — A TOP-MOTIVATED-BOTTOM-UP APPROACH." In Strings, Branes and Extra Dimensions - TASI 2001. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812702821_0005.

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Luangjarunrat, Kiattisak, Zon, Supachok Thainoi, Suwit Kiravittaya, Aniwat Tandaechanurat, Noppadon Nuntawong, Suwat Sopitpan, et al. "Integration of AlGaSb/GaSb Heterostructure and InSb/GaSb Quantum Nano-Stripes." In 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciprm.2019.8819032.

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Herrmann, N., K. Dullenkopf, and H. J. Bauer. "Flexible Seal Strip Design for Advanced Labyrinth Seals in Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95424.

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The paper discusses the potential benefit of flexible seal strips in labyrinth seals for turbines. By reducing the radial stiffness compared to a standard straight and stiff knife, seal clearance could be reduced without significantly reducing the seal durability and long-term performance. As contact between the seal strips and the rotor can occur especially during transient operating phases, a more flexible design of the seal strips can prevent damage and wear, keeping the discharge rates constantly low. However, the pressure difference across the fin will cause a deflection of the seal strip due to the increased flexibility and thus creating an additional possible risk for an unwanted contact. Pressure balanced designs and supports on the low pressure side are used on the investigated seal designs to eliminate that risk. To give evidence of possible performance gain a standard labyrinth seal configuration is compared to two configurations with segmented and curved seal strips. In a first step, the discharge coefficient and the leakage rates for the nominal seal design are calculated using two-dimensional CFD. In order to investigate the impact of a worn seal tip on the leakage flow, the geometry change due to a rubbing event is simulated with FEA tools. Therefore, a specific high-speed wear model is implemented and calibrated by experimental data, enabling the correct cooling effects and plastic deformation. The discharge coefficient and the leakage mass flow rates of the worn geometry are then again modeled with CFD for the various seal configurations and compared to the unworn state. The study shows that a wise combination of the advantages of flexible curved seal strips can be used to reduce the leakage rates significantly, improving the life time of seal elements at the same time.
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Lacour, Daniel, Kosseila Ait Oukaci, Daniel Stoeffler, B. Sarpi, F. Montaigne, R. Belkhou, and M. Hehn. "Weak stripe angle determination by quantitative x-ray magnetic microscopy (Conference Presentation)." In Spintronics XV, edited by Henri-Jean M. Drouhin, Jean-Eric Wegrowe, and Manijeh Razeghi. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2634545.

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Brainerd, Tereasa G. "Constraints on Field Galaxy Halos from Weak Lensing and Satellite Dynamics." In THE NEW COSMOLOGY: Conference on Strings and Cosmology; The Mitchell Symposium on Observational Cosmology. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1848324.

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Yu, Youmin, Denis Bai, Y. W. Jiang, and Sonder Wang. "Optimization of Saw Street Configuration to Save Saw Blade in Assembling QFN Packages." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89158.

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Saw singulation is an indispensable process to sever the Mold Array Package (MAP) strips into individual units in assembling Quad Flat No-lead (QFN) packages. Mechanical saw, cutting the MAP strip along saw streets using dicing blade, is a mainstream mode in the saw singulation process. Accordingly, the dicing blade, a continuously consumed part, takes a significant portion of the assembly cost. The saw blade consumption is generally determined by saw blade type, MAP strip structure and process parameter. In this study, the effects of MAP strip structure, specifically, the saw street configuration in lead frame, on the saw blade saving have been experimentally investigated. The saw street configuration was first investigated by comparing the wear amount of saw blade for cutting discrete and continuous saw streets of equal length and same configuration in 3×3 mm, 6×6 mm and 9×9 mm QFN packages. It is found that (i) the wear amount of the discrete saw streets may be significantly less than its counterpart of the continuous saw streets and (ii) the saw blade saving in the discrete saw streets goes more as the package size goes smaller. The saw blade saving is attributed to the additional saw process improvement contributed by the discrete saw streets. The saw street configuration was also investigated by comparing the wear amount of saw blade for cutting saw streets of 5 mil and 8 mil lead frames in the 6×6 mm QFN package. It is proved that less metal amount in the saw street consumes less saw blade. The merit of the discrete saw street and metal amount reduction in saw street were then implemented in the revised lead frame of the 6×6 mm package, and the saw blade consumption per MAP strip dropped to 15.8 μm in revised lead frame from 113.0 μm in original lead frame in statistical sense.
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Rongrueangkul, Karn, Panithan Srisinsuphya, Supachok Thainoi, Suwit Kiravittaya, Noppadon Nuntawong, Suwat Sopitpan, Visittapong Yordsri, et al. "Investigation of Morphology of InSb/InAs Quantum Nano-Stripe Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy." In 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciprm.2019.8819152.

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Reports on the topic "Weak Stripes":

1

JAMES N. BRUNE AND ABDOLRASOOL ANOOSHEHPOOR. A PHYSICAL MODEL OF THE EFFECT OF A SHALLOW WEAK LAYER ON STRONG GROUND MOTION FOR STRIKE-SLIP RUPTURES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/776519.

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Ronconi, Lucas, Juan Sanguinetti, Maria Victoria Murillo, and Mariano Tommasi. The Economic Effects of Unions in Latin America: Teachers' Unions and Education in Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011247.

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This paper considers the effects of trade unions on the education sector in Argentina and the channels of union influence on the performance of this crucial sector. The authors find that those provinces where teacher unionism is fragmented, where union density is higher and where political relations with the governor are more conflictual, have more strikes (fewer class days). Based on estimates of education production functions both in this paper and elsewhere, we expect this to translate into lower student performance. The authors then find a number of weak conclusions related to the impact that unions have on several variables that affect students' performance (i.e., teachers' tenure, job satisfaction, class size, education budget and teachers' salaries). Reviewing these results, we conclude that the impact of unions on students' performance depends on the channel and kind of political market where unions operate, but not on the existence of unions per se.
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Bohemer, Hanz-Martin. Review of the Pilot Phase of the IDB's New Recommendations Tracking System. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010630.

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Since the establishment of the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) in 1999, the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) has made significant strides in meeting the good practice standards established by the Evaluation Co-operation Group (ECG) that represents the evaluation arms of the major multilateral development banks (MDBs). At the same time, the Panel concluded that "because feedback and learning loops are weak, the IDB evaluation system is not achieving its goal of contributing to the improvement of development results." The panel noted the absence of a tracking system for recommendations from evaluations and included in its recommendations the development of such a system as a matter of urgency to improve the follow-up to recommendations. The proposed objectives for such a system focused on the panel's findings of the need for a deeper interaction between management and OVE, as well as a stronger accountability tool for the implementation of recommendations endorsed by the IDB's Board.
4

Noga, Edward J., Angelo Colorni, Michael G. Levy, and Ramy Avtalion. Importance of Endobiotics in Defense against Protozoan Ectoparasites of Fish. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586463.bard.

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Abstract:
Infectious disease is one of the most serious causes of economic loss in all sectors of aquaculture. There is a critical need to understand the molecular basis for protection against infectious disease so that safer, more reliable and more cost-effective strategies can be designed for their control. As part of this effort, the major goal of our BARD project was to determine the importance of endobiotics as a defense against protozoan ectoparasites in fish. Endobiotics, or antimicrobial polypeptides, are peptides and small proteins that are increasingly recognized as having a vital role in the innate defense of virtually all animals. One objective of our BARD project was to determine the antiparasitic potency of one specific group of endobiotics that were isolated from hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis x M chrysops). We found that these endobiotics, which we had previously named histone-like proteins (HLPs), exhibited potent activity against Amyloodinium and that the putative levels of HLPs in the skin were well within the levels that we found to be lethal to the parasite in vitro. We also found evidence for the presence of similar antibiotics in sea bream (Sparus aurata) and Mediterranean sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). We also examined the effect of chronic stress on the expression of HLP in fish and found that HLP levels were dramatically decreased after only one week of a crowding/high ammonia sublethal stress. We also began to explore the feasibility of upregulating endobiotics via immunostimulation. However, we did not pursue this objective as fully as we originally intended because we spent a much larger effort than originally anticipated on the last objective, the attempted isolation of novel endobiotics from hybrid striped bass. In this regard, we purified and identified four new peptide endobiotics. These endobiotics, which we have named piscidins (from "Pisces" meaning fish), have potent, broad-spectrum activity against a number of both fish and human pathogens. This includes not only parasites but also bacteria. We also demonstrated that these peptides are present in the mast cell. This was the first time that the mast cell, the most common tissue granulocyte in vertebrates, was shown to possess any type of endobiotic. This finding has important implications in explaining the possible function of mast cells in the immune response of vertebrates. In summary, the research we have accomplished in this BARD project has demonstrated that endobiotics in fish have potent activity against many serious pathogens in aquaculture and that there is considerable potential to use these compounds as stress indicators in aquaculture. There is also considerable potential to use some of these compounds in other areas of medicine, including treatment of serious infectious diseases of humans and animals.

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