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Journal articles on the topic 'Weak localisation'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Gorbachev, R. V., F. V. Tikhonenko, A. S. Mayorov, D. W. Horsell, and A. K. Savchenko. "Weak localisation in bilayer graphene." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 40, no. 5 (March 2008): 1360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2007.09.009.

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2

Lindqvist, Peter. "Magnetoresistance and weak localisation of amorphous Cu65Ti35." Physica B: Condensed Matter 165-166 (August 1990): 287–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(90)80993-s.

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3

Bieri, J. B., A. Fert, G. Creuzet, and A. Schuhl. "Weak localisation in metallic glasses. I. Magnetoresistance." Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics 16, no. 12 (December 1986): 2099–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4608/16/12/019.

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4

Albada, M. P. van, M. B. van der Mark, and A. Lagendijk. "Polarisation effects in weak localisation of light." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 21, no. 10S (October 14, 1988): S28—S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/21/10s/009.

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5

Hilke, Michael, Mathieu Massicotte, Eric Whiteway, and Victor Yu. "Weak Localisation in Clean and Highly Disordered Graphene." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 456 (August 5, 2013): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/456/1/012016.

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6

Gabrielli, P. G., S. Gabrielli, and N. Lisi. "Resistance measurements and weak localisation in long SWNTs." Molecular Simulation 35, no. 6 (May 2009): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927020802635137.

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7

Lindqvist, P., and O. Rapp. "Weak localisation and interaction effects in amorphous CuTi alloys." Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics 18, no. 9 (September 1988): 1979–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4608/18/9/017.

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8

Hu, G. Y., and R. F. O'Connell. "Weak localisation theory for lightly doped semiconductor quantum wires." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2, no. 24 (June 18, 1990): 5335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/2/24/006.

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9

Lütjering, G., K. Richter, D. Weiss, J. Mao, R. H. Blick, K. von Klitzing, and C. T. Foxon. "Weak localisation in ballistic cavities filled with antidot arrays." Surface Science 361-362 (July 1996): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(96)00505-5.

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10

Hamilton, A. R., M. Y. Simmons, M. Pepper, E. H. Linfield, P. D. Rose, and D. A. Ritchie. "Is there a Metallic State in Two Dimensions?" Australian Journal of Physics 53, no. 4 (2000): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph00010.

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This paper reviews a series of experimental results on the metallic behaviour recently discovered in high quality, two-dimensional (2D) GaAs hole transistors. In particular, we address the question of what has happened to the two quantum corrections to the resistivity due to weak localisation and weak electron—electron interactions in the so-called metallic state. Detailed magnetoresistance data are presented just on the metallic side of the apparent metal—insulator transition, which show that both weak localisation (observed via negative magnetoresistance) and weak hole—hole interactions (giving a correction to the Hall constant) are present in the ‘metallic’ phase. The results suggest that as T→ 0 the resistivity will stop decreasing but turn up and tend towards infinity, in agreement with the early predictions of the one parameter scaling theory of localisation. The implication is that, even at high r s , there is no metallic phase at T = 0 in two dimensions. Other unexplained features of the anomalous ‘metallic’ state are also discussed, such as the destruction of metallic behaviour by a parallel magnetic field.

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11

ROPER, S. M., S. H. DAVIS, and P. W. VOORHEES. "Localisation of convection in mushy layers by weak background flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 675 (May 11, 2011): 518–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.117.

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It is known that freckles form at the sidewalls of directionally solidified materials. We present a weakly nonlinear analysis of the effects of a weak and slowly varying background flow formed by non-axial thermal gradients on convection near onset in a mushy layer. We find that in the two-dimensional case, the onset of mush convection occurs away from the walls. However if three-dimensional disturbances are allowed, the onset occurs near the walls of the container confining the mush. We derive amplitude equations governing this behaviour and simulate their evolution numerically.

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12

Berkovits, R., and M. Kaveh. "Weak localisation of photons in a disordered two-dimensional medium." Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 20, no. 11 (April 20, 1987): L181—L185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/20/11/001.

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13

White, H., and D. S. McLachlan. "Morphology dependence of weak-anti-localisation parameters in bismuth films." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 1, no. 37 (September 18, 1989): 6665–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/1/37/013.

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14

Taylor, R. P., R. Newbury, R. B. Dunford, P. T. Coleridge, A. S. Sachrajda, and J. A. Adams. "A tunable ballistic electron cavity exhibiting geometry-induced weak localisation." Superlattices and Microstructures 16, no. 3 (January 1994): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-6036(09)80022-0.

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15

Pereira, V. M. M., M. S. C. Henriques, and J. A. Paixão. "Robust weak anti-localisation effect in strongly textured nanocrystalline Bi2Se3 samples." Physica B: Condensed Matter 536 (May 2018): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2017.10.100.

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16

Tikhonenko, F. V., D. W. Horsell, B. Wilkinson, R. V. Gorbachev, and A. K. Savchenko. "The effect of inter-valley scattering on weak localisation in graphene." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 40, no. 5 (March 2008): 1364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2007.09.010.

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17

Kashirin, V. Yu, Yu F. Komnik, O. A. Mironov, C. J. Emeleus, E. H. C. Parker, and T. E. Whall. "Weak localisation and interaction of electrons in MBE δ-layers inSi." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 46, S5 (May 1996): 2481–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02570227.

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18

Pedersen, S., T. Hassenkam, and P. E. Lindelof. "Weak anti-localisation in 2-D 100-electron gases in GaAS." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 46, S5 (May 1996): 2523–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02570248.

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19

Patel, V. A., D. J. Hill, M. C. Eggo, M. C. Sheppard, G. P. Becks, and A. Logan. "Changes in the immunohistochemical localisation of fibroblast growth factor-2, transforming growth factor-β1 and thrombospondin-1 are associated with early angiogenic events in the hyperplastic rat thyroid." Journal of Endocrinology 148, no. 3 (March 1996): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1480485.

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Abstract Administration of a goitrogen (methimazole) and a low iodine diet to rats over a two-week period resulted in hypothyroidism and thyroid hyperplasia compared with controls (control: total serum thyroxine (T4) 66 ± 4 nmol/l, thyroid weight 5±1 mg/100 g body weight; experimental: T4 undetectable, thyroid weight 27 ± 4 mg/100 g body weight after 2 weeks of treatment; mean ± s.d., n=10). Immunohistochemistry carried out using a specific endothelial cell marker, CD31, and morphometric analysis (point counting of immunopositive cells) revealed that the progression of goitre in the rat thyroid is accompanied by an increase in capillary endothelial cell growth (neovascularisation). Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) immunohistochemistry revealed widespread staining for the protein in the follicular cells of control glands. Less intense staining was found in the stroma and follicular cell nuclei. During hyperplasia and subsequent neovascularisation there was a progressive increase in the FGF-2 immunoreactivity at all locations during the two-week treatment period. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) immunoreactivity in the control rat thyroid was found in the stroma and in the endothelial cells, while weak follicular cell staining was also present. In the goitrous rat thyroid the TSP1 immunoreactivity was present after 1 week of treatment in the endothelial cells and most follicular cells, whilst stromal localisation was weak. After week 2 of treatment the endothelial cell and stromal localisation was no longer apparent, although a follicular localisation was still present. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) immunoreactivity was present in the cytoplasm of a minority of the follicular cells in control rat thyroids, while their nuclei were unstained. In the goitrous rat thyroid an increased intensity of staining for TGFβ1 was seen in all follicular cells, many of which now also demonstrated immunopositive nuclei, within one week of goitrogen administration. These results show that in the hyperplastic thyroid increases in FGF-2 and TGFβ1, and decreases in TSP1, accompany angiogenesis. These factors may interact in an autocrine/paracrine relationship to stimulate the neovascularisation that occurs during goitre formation. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 148, 485–499

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20

Lei, Yiwu, and Kok Cheong Wong. "Detection and localisation of reflectional and rotational symmetry under weak perspective projection." Pattern Recognition 32, no. 2 (February 1999): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00135-6.

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21

Bykov, A. A., G. M. Gusev, and Z. D. Kvon. "Dynamical suppression of weak localisation in silicon polycrystalline films by microwave radiation." Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 21, no. 16 (June 10, 1988): L585—L590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/21/16/007.

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22

White, H., and D. S. McLachlan. "The carrier concentration dependence of weak-localisation parameters in bismuth-based systems." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2, no. 15 (April 16, 1990): 3529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/2/15/009.

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23

Taboryski, R., and P. E. Lindelof. "Weak localisation and electron-electron interactions in modulation-doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures." Semiconductor Science and Technology 5, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 933–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/5/9/003.

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24

Prance, R. J., T. D. Clark, J. E. Mutton, H. Prance, T. P. Spiller, and R. Nest. "Localisation of pair charge states in a superconducting weak link constriction ring." Physics Letters A 107, no. 3 (January 1985): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(85)90731-5.

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25

Ma, Teng, Ye Li, Yusen Gong, Rupeng Wang, Mingwei Sheng, and Qiang Zhang. "AUV Bathymetric Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping Using Graph Method." Journal of Navigation 72, no. 06 (July 5, 2019): 1602–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463319000286.

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Although topographic mapping missions and geological surveys carried out by Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are becoming increasingly prevalent, the lack of precise navigation in these scenarios still limits their application. This paper deals with the problems of long-term underwater navigation for AUVs and provides new mapping techniques by developing a Bathymetric Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping (BSLAM) method based on graph SLAM technology. To considerably reduce the calculation cost, the trajectory of the AUV is divided into various submaps based on Differences of Normals (DoN). Loop closures between submaps are obtained by terrain matching; meanwhile, maximum likelihood terrain estimation is also introduced to build weak data association within the submap. Assisted by one weight voting method for loop closures, the global and local trajectory corrections work together to provide an accurate navigation solution for AUVs with weak data association and inaccurate loop closures. The viability, accuracy and real-time performance of the proposed algorithm are verified with data collected onboard, including an 8 km planned track recorded at a speed of 4 knots in Qingdao, China.

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26

YALIN, SINAN. "Simplicial localisation of homotopy algebras over a prop." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 157, no. 3 (October 13, 2014): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004114000437.

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AbstractWe prove that a weak equivalence between two cofibrant (colored) props in chain complexes induces a Dwyer–Kan equivalence between the simplicial localisations of the associated categories of algebras. This homotopy invariance under base change implies that the homotopy category of homotopy algebras over a propPdoes not depend on the choice of a cofibrant resolution ofP, and gives thus a coherence to the notion of algebra up to homotopy in this setting. The result is established more generally for algebras in combinatorial monoidal dg categories.

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27

Texier, Christophe, and Gilles Montambaux. "Four-terminal resistances in mesoscopic networks of metallic wires: Weak localisation and correlations." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 75 (January 2016): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2015.08.014.

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28

Kearney, M. J., and P. N. Butcher. "Weak localisation in the quasi-one-dimensional regime with many occupied sub-bands." Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 21, no. 13 (May 10, 1988): 2539–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/21/13/016.

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29

Derrida, B., K. Mecheri, and J. L. Pichard. "Lyapounov exponents of products of random matrices : weak disorder expansion. - Application to localisation." Journal de Physique 48, no. 5 (1987): 733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphys:01987004805073300.

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30

Hu, Yanzhu, Dongdong Zhu, Xinbo Ai, and Yabo Xu. "Category‐wise feature extractor based on ADL method for weak‐supervised object localisation." IET Image Processing 14, no. 15 (December 2020): 3965–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2020.0640.

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31

Rajan, Krishna. "Weak-Beam Imaging of Coherent Twin Boundaries After High-Temperature Deformation." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100118138.

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Weak beam dark field microscopy has been used extensively to study deformation induced intragranular defects in materials. However as noted by Tones et al weak beam imaging is also an asset in examining intergranular defects. The localisation of strain contrast close to the defect core by weak beam imaging allows the interaction of matrix dislocations with the boundary (to form extrinsic dislocations) to be studied more easily. Also, the reduction in extinction distance with weak beam microscopy produces a higher density of extinction contours, which allows topographical discontinuities associated with long range strain fields to be more readily observed.Thus in the present study, where we were interested in interfacial phenomena during high temperature deformation processing of a cobalt base alloy (Co-Cr-Mo), weak beam imaging was used to obtain a better understanding of the role of intergranular defects.

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32

SLEVIN, KEITH, and TARO NAGAO. "MAXIMUM ENTROPY MODELS OF TRANSPORT IN MESOSCOPIC WIRES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 09, no. 02 (January 20, 1995): 103–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979295000070.

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We review the maximum entropy models for the probability distribution of the transfer matrix of a disordered mesoscopic wire. We relate this distribution to the zero temperature conductance of the wire using the Landauer formula and discuss the extent to which the maximum entropy models describe accurately the weak localisation effect and universal conductance fluctuations which occur in the diffusive regime. A detailed comparison between numerical simulations and the maximum entropy models is also presented. For “long” wires there is a crossover from diffusive to localised behaviour and we review the predictions of the maximum entropy models in this regime, chiefly the symmetry dependence of the localisation length and the log-normal distribution of the conductance. In conclusion we discuss the limitations of the maximum entropy models and in particular the property of isotropy.

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33

Dunford, R. B., N. Griffin, P. J. Phillips, and T. E. Whall. "Weak localisation and inter-quantum Hall effect transitions in a 2D Si/SiGe hole system." Physica B: Condensed Matter 298, no. 1-4 (April 2001): 496–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(01)00370-2.

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34

Texier, Christophe, and Gilles Montambaux. "Reprint of: Four-terminal resistances in mesoscopic networks of metallic wires: Weak localisation and correlations." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 82 (August 2016): 272–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2016.02.041.

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35

Chalker, J. T., and I. H. Nahm. "The breakdown of weak-localisation theory in disordered conductors with magnetic or spin-orbit scattering." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 1, no. 23 (June 12, 1989): 3615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/1/23/006.

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36

Ostřížek, František, and Oldřich Trenz. "Data Measurements and Its Uses for the Autonomous System." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 6 (2018): 1581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866061581.

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This article describes the problematic area of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). This device can be used to communicate with corporate IS and other devices, calculation of localisation, mapping of new places which covered with Wi‑Fi technology and many others purposes. Nowadays, trends in the solution of driving and maintenance describe precise localisation. The fundamental error of GPS while using it inside buildings is enormous, and for this reason, we were trying to use infrastructure based on 802.11 a/b/g/n. It takes a focus on the part of measuring of signals and the ability of Wi‑Fi signals processing. A limiting factor for this solution might be an environment with a weak or null signal and situations with a smaller amount of beacons. The primary aim of this article is providing an introduction to the problem of use drones and describe collected data for future use.

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37

Cantrell, D. G., and P. N. Butcher. "The transition between the two-dimensional and three-dimensional weak-localisation correction to the Boltzmann conductivity." Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 18, no. 36 (December 30, 1985): 6627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/18/36/017.

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38

Cheung, R., L. J. Geerligs, J. Caro, A. H. Verbruggen, K. Werner, and S. Radelaar. "Weak localisation and correlation effects in a two dimensional hole gas in Si/Si1−xGex heterostructures." Physica B: Condensed Matter 194-196 (February 1994): 1225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(94)90942-3.

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39

BELITZ, D., SHARON L. SESSIONS, T. R. KIRKPATRICK, M. T. MERCALDO, R. NARAYANAN, and THOMAS VOJTA. "TRANSPORT ANOMALIES AND MARGINAL FERMI-LIQUID EFFECTS AT A QUANTUM CRITICAL POINT." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 28 (November 10, 2003): 5041–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920302017x.

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The behaviour of the conductivity and the density of states, as well as the phase relaxation time, of disordered itinerant electrons across a quantum ferromagnetic transition is discussed. It is shown that critical fluctuations lead to anomalies in the temperature and energy dependence of the conductivity and the tunnelling density of states, respectively, that are stronger than the usual weak-localisation anomalies in a disordered Fermi liquid. This can be used as an experimental probe of the quantum critical behaviour. The energy dependence of the phase relaxation time at criticality is shown to be that of a marginal Fermi liquid.

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40

NEILSON, D., and J. S. THAKUR. "EFFECTS OF CORRELATIONS AND DISORDER IN QUANTUM WIRES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 13, no. 05n06 (March 10, 1999): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979299000382.

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We calculate electron-electron correlation effects in a one-dimensional electron liquid at low densities using the self-consistent scheme of Singwi, Tosi, Land and Sjölander (STLS). We determine the static structure factor S(q) and plasmon dispersion ω pl (q) for different electron densities. We also include the effects of disorder and calculate the dependence of correlation effects on the electron scattering rate off disorder. Using the scattering rate γ we determine transport properties like the mean-free path, the peak mobility and the boundary between weak and strong localisation phases. We note a relation between the peak mobility and this boundary.

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41

Kedun, Ivan, and Oleksiy Parkhomenko. "ON THE LOCALISATION OF THE CRONICLE CITY UNENIZH." City History, Culture, Society, no. 1 (June 14, 2017): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mics2016.01.077.

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The article explores the problem of localization of the chronicle city of Uneniz, which, from one of the existing points of view, relates the origin of the modern city of Nizhyn. The authors analyze the historiography of this issue (MM Karamzin, MA Maksimovich, OM Lazarevsky, MP Vasilenko, MN Petrovsky, etc.) and provide data on the history of the archaeological study of the area traditionally identified with Unizez. It is an archaeological study in the residential district of the modern Nezhin in the tract of the Commune (primary place name - Gorodok) by V. Kovalenko (1981), who first tried to confirm the hypothesis of the presence of an ancient Russian settlement here, the excavation of Y. Sitogo (1989–1990) and I. Kedun and O. Parkhomenko (2011–2013). Based on the analysis of the available archaeological materials, the authors confirm the existence in the area of the Commune of the ancient Russian settlement. However, it had rather primitive fortifications (a moat with a palisade established at the bottom), most likely to have arisen in the XII century. and a rather small period was used. As such simple fortifications are atypical for the ancient settlements of Russia, it is concluded that it was most likely a fortified settlement.This thesis is supported by a comparative analysis of the number of ceramic fragments found in the Commune and in the settlement of Novo Mesto, which is closest to it. On the investigated 12.4 square meters of the New City the number of fragments of ceramic vessels was 618, while 87 square meters of excavations in the Commune, their number, together with the lifting material, amounted to 285 units. On the basis of such a comparison, we can speak of a weak saturation of the cultural layer in the territory of the Commune, which does not allow, according to the authors, to assume the existence of a large ancient Russian settlement here, which could be correlated with the Chronicle of Unise. However, the authors do not rule out that the future expansion of the research area may significantly change the findings.

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42

Colombo, Massimo G., and Sergio Mariotti. "Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions and the Competitive Positioning of European National Industries." Competition & Change 2, no. 4 (December 1997): 359–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102452949800200401.

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This paper relies on the eclectic paradigm of foreign direct investments and Porter's theory on the competitive advantages of nations to study the localisation of target firms of international M&As by European enterprises. Firms' propensities towards extra- and infra-European acquisitions are correlated with the competitive position of European national industries in the international arena. Strategic groups of national industries are created through a cluster analysis based on the Fortune lists of the 500 world largest enterprises. Logit econometric estimates and statistical tests of hypotheses suggest that the share of extra-European acquisitions is greater in a) sectors where European large firms have achieved leadership of the world oligopoly, and b) sectors where the competitive position of Europe is rather weak though stable. Instead, firms belonging to national industries which have been rapidly increasing their share of the international oligopoly during the ′80s concentrate their M&As within Europe. The same holds true for declining weak competitors.

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43

Ghenim, L., R. G. Mani, J. R. Anderson, and J. T. Cheung. "Quantum interference effects in the weak localisation regime in HgTe/CdTe superlattices grown by laser-assisted molecular beam epitaxy." Semiconductor Science and Technology 5, no. 3S (March 1, 1990): S287—S289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/5/3s/064.

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44

MITAL, DINESH P., EAM KHWANG TEOH, and ALAN W. T. LIM. "A HYBRID METHOD TOWARDS THE SEGMENTATION OF RANGE IMAGES FOR 3-D OBJECT RECOGNITION." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 08, no. 04 (August 1994): 969–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001494000498.

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This paper presents a hybrid approach towards accomplishing the task of range image segmentation. It tends to combine region growing and one-dimensional orthogonal polynomial fitting techniques for the detection of edges in range images. Edges detected by such a method possesses good localisation property. This aids to steer the region growing process towards accomplishing accurate border partitioning. In addition, the incorporation of region growing process eliminates internal micro edges and provides for missing border reconstruction as it is able to detect weak edges. It is believed that the edge and segmentation maps produced, when conveyed to the higher level recognition process, may prove valuable not only for CAD based modeling purposes but may also aid to provide descriptive syntax to the object identification process.

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45

Schiebel, P., and W. Prandl. "Single particle dynamics in an anharmonic potential with translation-rotation coupling: crossover from weak localisation via chaos to free rotation." Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter 104, no. 1 (January 1997): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002570050430.

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46

Sinowatz, F., D. Schams, S. Kolle, A. Plath, D. Lincoln, and MJ Waters. "Cellular localisation of GH receptor in the bovine mammary gland during mammogenesis, lactation and involution." Journal of Endocrinology 166, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1660503.

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We have used immunohistochemistry and non-radioactive in situ hybridisation to localise the GH receptor and its transcript in the bovine mammary gland during mammogenesis, lactation and involution. We found a characteristic pattern of immunoreactive GH (irGH) receptor distribution in the epithelial and stromal compartments during the different stages of mammary gland development: The ductular epithelium showed a distinct staining for irGH receptor during most stages, whereas the alveolar epithelium contained a modest amount of GH receptor during pregnancy which increased during lactation and galactopoiesis. In dry cows, the immunostaining for GH receptors in the alveolar epithelium was very weak or negative. Curiously, the amount of GH receptor mRNA appeared relatively constant during mammogenesis and lactation. The epithelial cells of the alveoli and ducts as well as the endothelial cells showed a distinct signal in our in situ hy! bridisation studies. The predominant localisation of GH receptors in the epithelium of ducts and alveoli is supportive of a role for GH in epithelial differentiation and maintenance. Furthermore, the increased intensity of immunostaining in bovine mammary tissue post partum suggests a direct role for GH receptor in mediating the effect of GH in milk production and secretion.

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47

Brugada, Josep, and Roberto Keegan. "Asymptomatic Ventricular Pre-excitation: Between Sudden Cardiac Death and Catheter Ablation." Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review 7, no. 1 (2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/aer.2017.51.2.

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Debate about the best clinical approach to the management of asymptomatic patients with ventricular pre-excitation and advice on whether or not to invasively stratify and ablate is on-going. Weak evidence about the real risk of sudden cardiac death and the potential benefit of catheter ablation has probably prevented the clarification of action in this not infrequent and sometimes conflicting clinical situation. After analysing all available data, real evidence-based medicine could be the alternative strategy for managing this group of patients. According to recent surveys, most electrophysiologists invasively stratify. Based on all accepted risk factors – younger age, male, associated structural heart disease, posteroseptal localisation, ability of the accessory pathway to conduct anterogradely at short intervals of ≤250 milliseconds and inducibility of sustained atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia and/or atrial fibrillation – a shared decisionmaking process on catheter ablation is proposed.

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48

Ramasamy, Karthik, Stephen Schey, Ghulam J. Mufti, Farzin Farzaneh, and Yolanda Calle. "Hepatocyte Growth Factor Expression in Bone Marrow Microenvironment Is Critical for Progression of MGUS to Myeloma." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4766.4766.

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Abstract Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) augments proliferation, survival and increases migration of plasma cells in vitro and in addition it induces haemangiogeneis and lymphangiogenesis. C-met (HGF receptor) is expressed on plasma cells and HGF is constitutively elevated in serum of patients with myeloma (MM) and MGUS patients. We investigated the distribution of HGF in bone marrow biopsies to better understand its role in progression of monoclonal gammopathy. Materials and methods: Bone marrow trephines were analysed by immunohistochemistry of paraffin embedded bone marrow (BM) trephine specimens. Trephines were dewaxed without antigen retrieval. Plasma cell enumeration was done using CD38 staining (Novocastra, UK). HGF (Goat antihuman IgG, R&D systems) staining was performed using Vectastain® ABC kit with DAB reactivity. Slides were analysed using an Optical microscope (Zeiss Standard 20, Germany). Results: Archived BM specimens of MM (n= 7), MGUS (n= 5) and normal controls (n=6) were stained in duplicate. Trephines were graded from Grade 1–3 (weak, moderate, strong) based on the intensity of staining. The localisation of staining to paratrabecular, perivascular and intertrabecular areas was analysed. Interstitial and cytoplasmic staining patterns were analysed. HGF staining localised to paratrabecular regions was observed in all normal individuals with staining intensity of Grade 1–2 in 3/6(50%) and Grade 3 in 3/6(50%). In 4/5(80%) patients with MGUS a distinct intertrabecular pattern of staining was observed in discrete regions, where plasma cells were localised. Intensity of staining was Grade 2 in 3/5(60%) and Grade 3 in 2/5(40%) MGUS patients. Plasma cell percentages were between 5–20% in MGUS patients. In MM patients we found a correlation between the plasma cell counts and the degree of HGF staining. In 2/7 (28.5%) patients plasma cell percentages ranged between 5% and 15% and Grade 1–2 discrete paratrabecular staining was observed with none or low perivascular staining. In 5/7 (71.5%) MM patients plasma cell percentages were >20% and Grade 3 confluent staining with interstitial and cytoplasmic location of HGF was observed. In addition, patients with Grade 3 staining presented a strong perivascular localisation of HGF. Conclusion: HGF distribution in bone marrow microenvironment of MGUS and MM patients is non random. We observed that MGUS patients have a discrete intertrabecular pattern and MM patients have a confluent interstitial pattern of staining with strong perivascular localisation. Other groups have shown that high HGF levels increase angiogenesis. We hypothesise that HGF localisation and pattern of distribution in BM microenvironment leads to neo angiogenesis and progression from MGUS to MM. Ongoing studies are evaluating this hypothesis.

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Anilkumar, Thottathil R., Anandavalli N. Devi, Sathy M. Pillai, Krishnapillai Jayakrishnan, Oommen V. Oommen, and Pradeep G. Kumar. "Expression of protocadherin 11Yb (PCDH11Yb) in seminal germ cells is correlated with fertility status in men." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, no. 11 (2017): 2100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd16478.

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Protocadherin 11 Y-linked (PCDH11Y), a member of the cadherin superfamily, is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, is encoded by the Yp11.2 locus and exists in three isoforms: 11Ya, 11Yb and 11Yc. PCDH11Y is upregulated by retinoic acid signalling and is essential for spermatogonial differentiation and initiation of meiosis. PCDH11Y mediates Wnt signalling, which plays a crucial role in the differentiation of various cell types. PCDH11Y has been implicated in neuronal cell differentiation and proliferation, but its association with spermatogenesis has not yet been addressed. Hence, in order to address the possible role of PCDH11Y in relation to spermatogenesis, the expression analysis of PCDH11Y in the seminal germ cells of fertile and infertile males were carried out employing RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. In the present study, PCDH11Yb, but not PCDH11Ya or PCDH11Yc, was expressed in germ cells isolated from the semen of all 13 men with proven fertility. However, in several subjects from various infertility classes, there was complete absence or a significant reduction in the expression of PCDH11Yb. PCDH11Y exhibited prominent localisation on the head and midpiece region of spermatozoa from fertile men, whereas spermatozoa from infertile subjects had either weak or abnormal localisation patterns for PCDH11Y. In addition, downregulation of canonical Wnt signalling was correlated with defective expression of PCDH11Y in spermatozoa of infertile men, as evidenced by downregulation of the Wnt targets C-Myc and C-Jun. In conclusion, expression levels of PCDH11Yb in germ cells in the semen were correlated with the fertility status of men.

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VAJDA, P., and J. N. DAOU. "METAL-SEMICONDUCTOR TRANSITIONS IN THE SUPERSTOICHIOMETRIC DIHYDRIDES YH2+x." Modern Physics Letters B 06, no. 05 (February 28, 1992): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984992000338.

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After a brief review of the structural and electronic properties of the non-stoichiometric rare-earth hydrides, RH 2+x, we discuss metal-semiconductor transitions observed in several β-phase RH 2+x-systems in the temperature range 200 to 300 K for x-values close to the phase boundary to the trihydride γ-phase. The special case of YH 2+x is treated in detail, showing the evolution from a purely metallic case with x=0.085 to a clear M-S transition for x=0.10 (at the β-phase limit), passing through a fluctuating situation for x=0.095. The essential role played by an order — disorder transformation occurring in the octahedral (x) hydrogen sublattice as the driving mechanism for the M-S transition is emphasized. A second M-S transition observed at low temperatures (≲ 80 K ) is attributed to weak carrier localisation due to x-hydrogen disorder.

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