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Academic literature on the topic 'Waves and wave analysis'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Waves and wave analysis"

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Takagi, Emiko, Yasuhiko Saito, and Angelique W. M. Chan. "A Longitudinal Study of the Impact of Loneliness on Personal Mastery Among Older Adults in Singapore." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1017.

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Abstract This study uses longitudinal data to examine the association between older adults’ sense of mastery and loneliness. We examined the data of a nationally representative sample of adults 60 years and older in Singapore (Wave1, n=4,990) from the Panel of Health and Aging among Older Singaporeans Survey. The initial participants were followed up in 2011 (Wave2, n=3,103) and in 2015 (Wave3, n=1,572). At each wave, emotional loneliness was assessed using the UCLA three-item loneliness scale and sense of mastery was measured with the five items from the Pearlin Mastery Scale. We conducted cross-lagged regression analyses where loneliness and personal mastery scores in each wave were treated as endogenous variables along with covariates including demographic characteristics, health conditions, and the overall strength of social network measured by Lubben Social Network Scale. The results showed that loneliness in wave 1 and wave 2 respectively predicted a lower level of personal sense of mastery in subsequent waves. However, the other direction, the influence of personal mastery in wave 1 and wave 2 on loneliness at subsequent waves, was not significant. Furthermore, the analysis showed that older adults’ relatively strong social network was related to a lower level of loneliness and a higher sense of mastery at Wave 3. The finding suggests that loneliness plays a critical role in influencing older adults’ personal sense of mastery and that the strength of social network is an important mediator of loneliness and personal sense of mastery amongst older adults and a potential area for intervention.
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Lou, Yuequn, Xudong Gu, Xing Cao, Mingyu Wu, Sudong Xiao, Guoqiang Wang, Binbin Ni, and Tielong Zhang. "Statistical Analysis of Lunar 1 Hz Waves Using ARTEMIS Observations." Astrophysical Journal 943, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca767.

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Abstract Like 1 Hz waves occurring in the upstream of various celestial bodies in the solar system, 1 Hz narrowband whistler-mode waves are often observed around the Moon. However, wave properties have not been thoroughly investigated, which makes it difficult to proclaim the generation mechanism of the waves. Using 5.5 yr wave data from ARTEMIS, we perform a detailed investigation of 1 Hz waves in the near-lunar space. The amplitude of lunar 1 Hz waves is generally 0.05–0.1 nT. In the geocentric solar ecliptic coordinates, the waves show no significant regional differentiation pattern but show an absence inside the magnetosphere. Correspondingly, in the selenocentric solar ecliptic coordinates, the waves can occur extensively at ∼1.1–12 RL, while few events are observed in the lunar wake due to a lack of interaction with the solar wind. Furthermore, the wave distributions exhibit modest day–night and dawn–dusk asymmetries but less apparent north–south asymmetry. Compared with the nightside, more intense waves with lower peak wave frequency are present on the dayside. The preferential distribution of 1 Hz waves exhibits a moderate correlation with strong magnetic anomalies. The waves propagate primarily at wave normal angles <60° with an ellipticity of [−0.8, −0.3]. For stronger wave amplitudes and lower latitudes, 1 Hz waves generally have smaller wave normal angles and become more left-hand circularly polarized. Owing to the unique interaction between the Moon and solar wind, our statistical results might provide new insights into the generation mechanism(s) of 1 Hz waves in planetary plasma environments and promote the understanding of lunar plasma dynamics.
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Nian, Ting Kai, Bo Liu, and Ping Yin. "Seafloor Slope Stability under Adverse Conditions Using Energy Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1445.

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The effects of ocean waves on the stability of seafloor slopes are of great importance in marine environment. The stability of a seafloor slope considering wave-induced pressure is analyzed using the kinematic approach of limit analysis combined with a strength reduction technique. A seafloor slope without waves is considered first. Furthermore, waved-induced pressure is considered to act on the surface of slope as an external load to analyze the effects on the stability of slope by waves. The results show that the adverse effect of waves on slope stability increases with an increase of the wave height as well as a decrease of the water depth.
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Kashiwagi, Masashi. "Hydrodynamic Study on Added Resistance Using Unsteady Wave Analysis." Journal of Ship Research 57, no. 04 (December 1, 2013): 220–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2013.57.4.220.

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It is known that the added resistance in waves can be computed from ship-generated unsteady waves through the unsteady wave analysis method. To investigate the effects of nonlinear ship-generated unsteady waves and bluntness of the ship geometry on the added resistance, measurements of unsteady waves, wave-induced ship motions, and added resistance were carried out using two different (blunt and slender) modified Wigley models. The ship-generated unsteady waves are also produced by the linear superposition using the waves measured for the diffraction and radiation problems and the complex amplitudes of ship motions measured for the motion-free problem in waves. Then a comparison is made among the values of the added resistance by the direct measurement using a dynamometer and by the wave analysis method using the Fourier transform of measured and superposed waves. It is found that near the peak of the added resistance where ship motions become large, the degree of nonlinearity in the unsteady wave becomes prominent, especially at the forefront part of the wave. Thus, the added resistance evaluated with measured waves at larger amplitudes of incident wave becomes much smaller than the values by the direct measurement and by the wave analysis with superposed waves or measured waves at smaller amplitude of incident wave. Discussion is also made on the characteristics of the added resistance in the range of short incident waves.
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Ahn, Kyungmo, Sun-Kyung Kim, and Se-Hyun Cheon. "ON THE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION OF FREAK WAVES IN FINITE WATER DEPTH." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 15, 2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.waves.13.

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This paper presents the occurrence probability of freak waves based on the analysis of extensive wave data collected during ARSLOE project. It is suggested to use the probability distribution of extreme waves heights as a possible means of defining the freak wave criteria instead of conventional definition which is the wave height greater than the twice of the significant wave height. Analysis of wave data provided such finding as 1) threshold tolerance of 0.2 m is recommended for the discrimination of the false wave height due to noise, 2) no supportive evidence on the linear relationship between the occurrence probability of freak waves and the kurtosis of surface elevation 3) nonlinear wave-wave interactions is not thh primary cause of the generation of freak waves 4) the occurrence of freak waves does not depend on the wave period 5) probability density function of extreme waves can be used to predict the occurrence probability of freak waves. Three different distribution functions of extreme wave height by Rayleigh, Ahn, and Mori were compared for the analysis of freak waves.
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Chakrabarti, Subrata K. "Measurement and Analysis of Laboratory Generated Steep Waves." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 125, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1556403.

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In many offshore locations, storm generated steep waves are common and the survival of offshore structures in their presence is an important design condition. The design environment in depth-limited waters often includes waves of breaking and near-breaking conditions, in which currents may be present. Experiments were carried out in a wave tank with simulated steep waves with and without steady in-line current in which the wave profiles and the corresponding kinematics were simultaneously measured. The waves included both regular and random waves and often approached the breaking wave height for the water depth. These waves were analyzed by higher-order wave theory. In particular, the regular waves were simulated by the regular and irregular stream function theory. Especially steep wave profiles within the random waves were computed using the irregular stream function theory. The theory allows inclusion of steady current in its formulation for computation of wave kinematics. The correlation of the measured wave kinematics with the higher-order stream function wave theory showed that the wave theory could predict the kinematics of these steep waves (with and without the presence of current) well. However, in breaking waves, the vertical water particle velocity was not predicted well, especially near the trough. The effect of breaking and near-breaking steep waves on a fixed vertical caisson was also studied. The forces measured on the vertical caisson from the wave tank testing were analyzed to determine the effect of these waves and currents on the forces. It was found that the measured forces (and overturning moments) on the caisson model matched fairly well by the proper choice of force coefficients from the design guideline and the nonlinear stream function theory of appropriate order.
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Miles, D. R., G. Gassaway, L. Bennett, and R. Brown. "Three-component amplitude versus offset analysis." Exploration Geophysics 20, no. 2 (1989): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg989257.

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Three-component (3-C) amplitude versus offset (AVO) inversion is the AVO analysis of the three major energies in the seismic data, P-waves, S-waves and converted waves. For each type of energy the reflection coefficients at the boundary are a function of the contrast across the boundary in velocity, density and Poisson's ratio, and of the angle of incidence of the incoming wave. 3-C AVO analysis exploits these relationships to analyse the AVO changes in the P, S, and converted waves. 3-C AVO analysis is generally done on P, S, and converted wave data collected from a single source on 3-C geophones. Since most seismic sources generate both P and S-waves, it follows that most 3-C seismic data may be used in 3-C AVO inversion. Processing of the P-wave, S-wave and converted wave gathers is nearly the same as for single-component P-wave gathers. In split-spread shooting, the P-wave and S-wave energy on the radial component is one polarity on the forward shot and the opposite polarity on the back shot. Therefore to use both sides of the shot, the back shot must be rotated 180 degrees before it can be stacked with the forward shot. The amplitude of the returning energy is a function of all three components, not just the vertical or radial, so all three components must be stacked for P-waves, then for S-waves, and finally for converted waves. After the gathers are processed, reflectors are picked and the amplitudes are corrected for free-surface effects, spherical divergence and the shot and geophone array geometries. Next the P and S-wave interval velocities are calculated from the P and S-wave moveouts. Then the amplitude response of the P and S-wave reflections are analysed to give Poisson's ratio. The two solutions are then compared and adjusted until they match each other and the data. Three-component AVO inversion not only yields information about the lithologies and pore-fluids at a specific location; it also provides the interpreter with good correlations between the P-waves and the S-waves, and between the P and converted waves, thus greatly expanding the value of 3-C seismic data.
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Zhang, Huichen, and Markus Brühl. "GENERATION OF EXTREME TRANSIENT WAVES IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.waves.51.

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The transfer of natural waves and sea states into small- and large-scale model teste contributes to the proper design of offshore and coastal structure. Such shallow-water ocean surface waves are highly nonlinear and subject to wave transformation and nonlinear wave-wave interactions. However, the standard methods of wave generation according to conventional wave theories and wave analysis methods are limited to simple regular waves, simple sea states and low-order wave generation without considering the nonlinear wave-wave interactions. The research project Generation of Extreme Transient Waves in Experimental Models (ExTraWaG) aims to accurately generate target transient wave profile at a pre-defined position in the wave flume (transfer point) under shallow water conditions. For this purpose, the KdV-based nonlinear Fourier transform is introduced as a continuative wave analysis method and is applied to investigate the nonlinear spectral character of experimental wave data. Furthermore, the method is applied to generate transient nonlinear waves as specific locations in the wave flume, considering the nonlinear transformation and interactions of the propagating waves.
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Morozova, Svetlana V., Viktor N. Abannikov, Elena A. Polianskaia, and Maria A. Alimpieva. "CLIMATOLOGY OF DRY AND WET HEAT AND COLD WAVES OF DIFFERENT INTENSITY." Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin, no. 4(63) (2022): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2022-4-80-89.

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The article discusses the results of a statistical analysis of increases and decreases in the average daily air temperature, presented as waves of heat and cold. By a wave of heat (cold) we mean a change in the average daily air temperature by three degrees or more that lasted for at least two days. If a wave of heat (cold) was interrupted by one day of cooling (warming) or isothermy, such cases were considered a single wave. All waves were divided into dry and wet. A wave was considered wet if there was precipitation on at least one day during the development of this wave. We calculated the frequency of occurrence, duration of dry and wet waves, and the number of days with precipitation for each wave. The analysis was carried out for waves of different intensities. On average, the number of warm and cold waves per year is the same. Approximately the same number of warm and cold waves occur in winter and summer. In spring, heat waves prevail over cold waves, while in autumn the trend is opposite. The average duration of a wave is 4 days. The more intense the wave, the longer its duration. The majority of waves are wet. Precipitation accompanies 85% of heat waves and 75% of cold waves. Precipitation falls on about half the days of the wave’s duration. Cold waves are quite often interrupted by one-day increases in the average daily temperature. It is during these days that precipitation is observed. Synoptic analysis has shown that such cases of one-day ‘interruption’ of cold waves are associated with active processes of cyclogenesis on cold fronts. Wave formation at the cold front stimulates precipitation.
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ZHU, QIANG, YUMING LIU, and DICK K. P. YUE. "Resonant interactions between Kelvin ship waves and ambient waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 597 (February 1, 2008): 171–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211200700969x.

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We consider the nonlinear interactions between the steady Kelvin waves behind an advancing ship and an (unsteady) ambient wave. It is shown that, for moderately steep ship waves and/or ambient waves, third-order (quartet) resonant interaction among the two wave systems could occur, leading to the generation of a new propagating wave along a specific ray in the Kelvin wake. The wave vector of the generated wave as well as the angle of the resonance ray are determined by the resonance condition and are functions of the ship forward speed and the wave vector of the ambient wave. To understand the resonance mechanism and the characteristics of the generated wave, we perform theoretical analyses of this problem using two related approaches. To obtain a relatively simple model in the form of a nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation for the evolution of the resonant wave, we first consider a multiple-scale approach assuming locally discrete Kelvin wave components, with constant wave vectors but varying amplitudes along the resonance ray. This NLS model captures the key resonance mechanism but does not account for the detuning effect associated with the wave vector variation of Kevin waves in the neighbourhood of the resonance ray. To obtain the full quantitative features and evolution characteristics, we also consider a more complete model based on Zakharov's integral equation applied in the context of a continuous wave vector spectrum. The resulting evolution equation can be reduced to an NLS form with, however, cross-ray variable coefficients, on imposing a narrow-band assumption valid in the neighbourhood of the resonance ray. As expected, the two models compare well when wave vector detuning is small, in the near wake close to the ray. To verify the analyses, direct high-resolution simulations of the nonlinear wave interaction problem are obtained using a high-order spectral method. The simulations capture the salient features of the resonance in the near wake of the ship, with good agreements with theory for the location of the resonance and the growth rate of the generated wave.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Waves and wave analysis"

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Maldonado, Theresa A. "Analysis of electro-optic/gyrotropic biaxial crystals for bulk and waveguide applications." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15851.

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Jafari, Alireza. "Analysis and Prediction of Wave Transformation from Offshore into the Surfzone under Storm Condition." Thesis, Griffith University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366745.

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Surfzone wave transformation under storm conditions is investigated through field and laboratory measurements in this study. The observations have been used to examine currently available models of wave energy dissipation. Detailed field data has been collected by means of a novel method which was first introduced by Nielsen (1988). This method has been utilised through a common program between Griffith University and The University of Queensland at The Spit on the Gold Coast in Southeast Queensland. The facility primarily consists of a manometer tube array with 12 different manometer tube lengths varying from 60 m to 500 m offshore and a concrete manhole excavated into the dune system to house the monitoring station. Accordingly, this system has enabled the monitoring of a detailed wave height profile across the surfzone under any conditions from the safety of the “bunker” on land. The findings of new laboratory experiments on the frequency response of the semi-rigid manometer tubes are also presented which extend and improve upon the previous work of Nielsen et al. (1993). Testing was conducted over a range of frequencies (0.0067 Hz< f <2 Hz) and tube lengths (10 m< L <900 m). New frequency response factors are determined by fitting the semiempirical gain function of Nielsen et al. (1993) to the observed gain data. As a result, new predictive formulas for the empirical coefficients as a function of tube parameters are provided in this study. Wave induced pore pressure in the surfzone seabed is investigated based on the recorded field data. Two well-known models, i.e. Hsu and Jeng (1994) and Sleath (1970), are assessed against the field measurements. The findings validate the accuracy of the models and indicate that the extent of energy dissipation due to the overlying sand is less than 5% and depends on the incident wave length.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Engineering
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Gotthardsson, Björn. "Analysis and Evaluation of the Wavebox Wave Energy Converter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-149364.

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Increasing attention to climate change in combination with ever-growing energy consumption worldwide has boosted the demand for new green energy sources. Wave power is developing in many different branches to become part of the new era of electricity production. This thesis deals with a wave power system in its primary stages of development. The system was investigated in order to estimate its potential to produce electric power from sea waves. It is a system consisting of a moored buoy to which the energy is transferred when the wave tilts the buoy in the pitch direction. Due to the increased pitch angle, an amount of liquid contained inside the buoy is allowed to flow via ramps to an upper container, from where it flows down through a hydroelectric turbine. A computer program was used to calculate the properties of the buoy in sea waves. Another program was written in MATLAB to simulate the movements in sea waves and from a set of given parameters calculate the power output. A brief economic study was made to determine if the power output was large enough for the concept to be of financial interest to any future investors. The results show that the wave power system produced 0.9 kW in a wave climate equal to that off the coast of Hanstholm, Denmark, and 1.6 kW in a wave climate off the coast of San Diego, USA. The economic study shows that the power output needed to be improved by a factor of at least five to have a chance of being economically viable. A number of enhancements were suggested to increase the power output of the system, and further investigation could be of use to improve the concept. The created computer simulation model, as well as the results in this thesis could be valuable in any future research on the concept.
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Lindblom, Ove. "Investigations of bending waves in plates and properties of nonlinear wave equations." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16895.

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Lopez, Guiomar. "Evaluation, analysis, and application of HF radar wave and current measurements." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9291.

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This study investigates the accuracy of the wave products retrieved by a 12-MHz high-frequency (HF) phased-array radar, and establishes their potential to characterise wave-current interactions. The two stations composing the system were deployed in 2011 to overlook the Wave Hub, a test site for marine renewable energy devices located on the south-western coast of the United Kingdom. The system was conceived and configured to reduce the inaccuracies introduced by short time averaging and minimal overlap between stations, both associated with the most traditional HF radar deployments, whose primary activity is current measurement. Wave spectra were retrieved by two independent inversion algorithms, which were evaluated both independently and relative to each other. This process helped determining the errors associated to the algorithm used, and differentiated them from those inherent to the radar technology itself. The first method investigated was a semi-empirical algorithm distributed with Wellen Radars (WERA), which was calibrated using in situ measurements collected within the radar footprint. Evaluated through comparison against measurements acquired by three in situ devices, the results revealed estimates of significant wave height with biases below 9 cm, Pearson correlations higher than 0.9, and RMS errors that range from 29 to 44 cm. The relative error of wave energy period comparisons was within 10% for periods between 8 and 13 s, while both under- and overestimations were observed above and below that range, respectively. The validation demonstrated that when locally calibrated, the algorithm performs better than in its original form in all metrics considered. Observed discrepancies were mainly attributable to single-site estimations, antenna sidelobes, and the effect of the second-harmonic peaks of the Doppler spectrum. As opposed to the semi-empirical inversion, the second method evaluated in this work provides estimates of the full directional spectrum. Compared against the in situ measurements, the radar spectra were more spread over frequencies and directions, and had a lower energy content at the peak of the spectrum. In terms of parameter estimation, this was generally translated in a slight underestimation of wave periods, but accurate estimates of significant wave heights. Pearson correlations between these parameters and the in situ measurements for the bulk of the spectrum were higher than 0.9, and both types of measurements resulted in similar standard deviations. The inversion algorithm showed a high skill estimating mean wave directions, which revealed linear correlations higher than 0.8, when compared to the in situ devices. Overall, the inversion algorithm has shown to be capable of providing accurate estimates of directional spectra and the parameters derived from them, and at present the main drawback of the method is the data return, which due to the high data quality requirements of the algorithm, did not exceed 55% over the 8-month period studied here. In the second part of this work, the validated measurements were examined to determine their ability to reproduce the effects of wave-current interactions. The fine structure of the surface current was first evaluated, and revealed a circulation dominated by tides. The residual flow was seen to respond to the wind, as well as to the stratification present in the area during the spring and summer months. These data were then used to assess their contribution to wave refraction over the radar domain. The results show modulations in the wave phase parameters, which resulted from both the temporal and spatial derivatives of the surface current velocities. The evaluation of HF radar wave measurements provided in this work has shown that, properly configured, this technology can produce accurate estimates of several statistical descriptors of the wave field. Together with the highly accurate surface currents also measured by this device, the spatial wave data obtained has proved to have great potential for studying wave-current interactions; a skill that can be of support to coastal wave modelling.
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Yamazoe, Shotaro. "Bifurcations and Spectral Stability of Solitary Waves in Nonlinear Wave Equations." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259759.

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Myung, Noh Hoon. "A high frequency analysis of electromagnetic plane wave scattering by perfectly-conducting semi-infinite parallel plate and rectangular waveguides with absorber coated inner walls /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487267546980859.

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Freij, Nabil. "The identification and analysis of MHD waves in localised solar atmospheric wave guides." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11904/.

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There have been ubiquitous observations of wave-like motions in the solar atmosphere for decades and the presence of magnetoacoustic waves in magnetic structures in the solar atmosphere is well-documented. By using high-resolution data sets taken from several solar telescopes, the aim was to identify magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) wave modes in the cross-sectional area of these magnetic structures. Two sunspots and four pores were chosen as good examples of MHD wave guides in the lower solar atmosphere. To achieve this aim, the cross-sectional area and total intensity was measured through time, then this signal was analysed with three signal analysis methods, namely, wavelets, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Many characteristic periods were found within the cross-sectional area and total intensity time series. To identify what MHD wave mode these oscillations are, previously derived linear MHD theory details that each MHD wave mode perturbs the cross-sectional area and total intensity differently. This phase difference is used to separate the possible MHD wave modes. These oscillations were identified as slow sausage MHD waves, as the phase difference between the cross-sectional area and total intensity was in phase which is the signature of slow sausage MHD waves. Furthermore, several properties of these oscillations such as the radial velocity perturbation, magnetic field perturbation and vertical wavenumber were determined using magneto-seismology. The calculated range of the wavenumbers reveals that these oscillations are trapped within these magnetic structures and are standing harmonics. This allowed the calculation of the expansion factor of the wave guides by employing further magneto-seismology theory. Finally was the analysis of Running Penumbral Waves (RPWs). Here, RPWs within a pore are observed for the first time and are interpreted as Upwardly Propagating Waves (UPWs) due to the lack of a penumbra that is required to support RPWs. These UPWs are also observed co-spatially and co-temporally within two emission lines that sample the Transition Region and low corona. The estimated energy of the waves is around 150 W m$^{-2}$, which is on the lower bounds required to heat the quiet Sun corona.
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Casadei, Filippo. "Multiscale analysis of wave propagation in heterogeneous structures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44889.

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The analysis of wave propagation in solids with complex microstructures, and local heterogeneities finds extensive applications in areas such as material characterization, structural health monitoring (SHM), and metamaterial design. Within continuum mechanics, sources of heterogeneities are typically associated to localized defects in structural components, or to periodic microstructures in phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials. Numerical analysis often requires computational meshes which are refined enough to resolve the wavelengths of deformation and to properly capture the fine geometrical features of the heterogeneities. It is common for the size of the microstructure to be small compared to the dimensions of the structural component under investigation, which suggests multiscale analysis as an effective approach to minimize computational costs while retaining predictive accuracy. This research proposes a multiscale framework for the efficient analysis of the dynamic behavior of heterogeneous solids. The developed methodology, called Geometric Multiscale Finite Element Method (GMsFEM), is based on the formulation of multi-node elements with numerically computed shape functions. Such shape functions are capable to explicitly model the geometry of heterogeneities at sub-elemental length scales, and are computed to automatically satisfy compatibility of the solution across the boundaries of adjacent elements. Numerical examples illustrate the approach and validate it through comparison with available analytical and numerical solutions. The developed methodology is then applied to the analysis of periodic media, structural lattices, and phononic crystal structures. Finally, GMsFEM is exploited to study the interaction of guided elastic waves and defects in plate structures.
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Cabrera, Gomez Jose Julian. "Velocity-dip analysis in the plane-wave domain." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30604.

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Plane-wave decomposition and slant stack transformation have recently gained much interest as viable routes to perform a variety of prestack processing tasks, such as velocity estimation, migration, filtering, deconvolution, and velocity inversion. To further complement the current advances, the problem of earth model parameter estimation and prestack structural imaging are addressed in this work. Unlike existing methods, the algorithms presented here make a novel and systematic use of the plane-wave domain to determine migration and interval velocities, interface dip angles and common-shot gather reflector images. To start, a method is developed to estimate migration velocities and interface dip angles in earth models composed of planar, dipping reflecting interfaces separating homogeneous layers, and where straight-ray travelpaths to the reflecting interfaces can be assumed. The method consists of transforming a common-shot gather into the plane-wave domain, where a semblance analysis search along cosinusoid trajectories is performed. Since the cosinusoid trajectories are functions of the migration velocity and interface dip angle, selection of the maximum semblance values yields the best estimates to the desired earth model parameters. To remove the straight-ray assumption of the velocity-dip analysis method, a recursive technique is developed to estimate interval velocities and interface dip angles via a ray tracing algorithm. This technique essentially generates plane-wave domain traveltimes for a range of interval velocities and interface dip angles, and computes the error between the generated and observed plane-wave traveltimes. The minimum error determines the best estimates of the earth model parameters. With the information attained in the velocity-dip analysis algorithm, a plane-wave based imaging method is developed to produce prestack common-shot gather images of the reflecting interfaces. The method consists of transforming a common-shot gather into the plane-wave domain, where a velocity-dip semblance analysis is performed. Then, the plane-wave components are downward extrapolated and recombined via a dip-incorporated inverse slant-stack transformation to produce the spherical-wave field that would have been recorded by receivers placed on the reflecting interfaces. The dip incorporation consists of redefining the angle of emergence of the plane waves. Finally, a simple mapping algorithm converts the offset and time coordinates of the reconstructed wave field to the true horizontal location and two-way vertical time of the reflection points. This results in the desired prestack migrated images of the reflecting interfaces. In this thesis, a novel algorithm to perform plane-wave decomposition via Fourier transforms is also proposed. This algorithm consists of the application of the double fast Fourier transform to the input data, followed by complex vector multiplications with essentially the Fourier representation of the Bessel function J0 . A numerical singularity is avoided by applying an analytical expression that approximately accounts for the singular point contribution. An inverse fast Fourier transform from frequency to time gives the desired plane-wave seismogram. The techniques proposed in this work have yielded encouraging results on synthetic and field data examples. The examples demonstrate, for the first time, the systematic use of the plane-wave domain in processing seismic reflection data from common-shot gather data to the plane-wave domain, to velocity and dip angle analysis and to prestack structural imaging. It is believed that the results from this work will help researchers as well as practising geophysicists to become better acquainted with plane-wave domain processing.
Science, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
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Books on the topic "Waves and wave analysis"

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The shallow water wave equations: Formulation, analysis, and application. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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Davies, Martin J. S. Wave by wave analysis of in-line force data for fixed cylinders in regular waves. London, England: Imperial College of Science Technology & Medicine, Dept. of Aeronautics, 1989.

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Tucker, M. J. Waves in ocean engineering: Measurement, analysis, interpretation. New York: E. Horwood, 1991.

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Dommermuth, Douglas G. Time series analysis of ocean waves. Cambridge, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sea Grant College Program, 1986.

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NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Gravitational Wave Data Analysis (1987 Cardiff, Wales). Gravitational wave data analysis. Dordrecht [Holland]: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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Nonlinear dispersive waves: Asymptotic analysis and solitons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Diemer, Ferdinand Joseph. A prony algorithm for shallow water waveguide analysis. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987.

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Mrozowski, Michał. Guided electromagnetic waves: Properties and analysis. Taunton,, Somerset, England: Research Studies Press, 1997.

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Jaranowski, Piotr. Analysis of gravitational-wave data. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Andrzej, Królak, ed. Analysis of gravitational-wave data. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Waves and wave analysis"

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Salvi, Paolo. "Pulse Wave Analysis." In Pulse Waves, 69–87. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2439-7_6.

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Salvi, Paolo. "Pulse Wave Velocity and Pulse Wave Analysis in Experimental Animals." In Pulse Waves, 211–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40501-8_8.

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Salvi, Paolo. "Pulse Wave Velocity and Pulse Wave Analysis in Experimental Animals." In Pulse Waves, 133–34. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2439-7_10.

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Salvi, Paolo. "Instruments for Pulse Wave Analysis and Measurement of Pulse Wave Velocity." In Pulse Waves, 125–31. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2439-7_9.

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Barreto, Antônio Sá. "On the Interactions of Conormal Waves for Semilinear Wave Equations." In Microlocal Analysis and Nonlinear Waves, 1–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9136-4_1.

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Salvi, Paolo. "Central Blood Pressure: Part 2, Pulse Wave Analysis." In Pulse Waves, 109–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40501-8_5.

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Sundar, V. "Description and Analysis of Random Waves." In Ocean Wave Mechanics, 117–53. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119241652.ch6.

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Khandekar, M. L. "Wave Prediction: Early Wave Prediction Techniques." In Operational Analysis and Prediction of Ocean Wind Waves, 43–67. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8952-1_4.

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Gao, Ang, Xiufeng Wu, Shiqiang Wu, Hongpeng Li, Jiangyu Dai, and Fangfang Wang. "Study on Wind Waves Similarity and Wind Waves Spectrum Characteristics in Limited Waters." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1220–35. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_107.

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AbstractWind waves is an important factor affecting navigation safety and water environment in limited waters such as lakes and bays. Wind wave spectrum represents the frequency domain features of wind waves and has always been the focus of research. Based on the field observation and flume experimental method, the system analysis of similarity of two kinds of situations, discussed nonlinear response of the relationship of the spectral shape parameter of balance field α, β and wind waves basic frequency between factors like wind speed, wind blowing fetch and water depth. By means of wind tunnel flume and prototype observation data of nonlinear regression analysis, The relation formulas of wind wave frequency prediction considering the comprehensive influence of wind speed, wind blowing fetch and water depth is established. Relevant research is of great significance for revealing the evolution characteristics of wind waves in limited waters and guiding navigation safety and water environment management.
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Edelman, Inna. "Bulk and Surface Waves in Porous Media: Asymptotic Analysis." In Mathematical and Numerical Aspects of Wave Propagation WAVES 2003, 163–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55856-6_26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Waves and wave analysis"

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Popov, Anton I. "Wave wall type solution for liquid surface waves." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2012: International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4756238.

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Trappe, Neil, Stuart Kehoe, Eoin Butler, J. Anthony Murphy, Tim Finn, Stafford Withington, and Willem Jellema. "Analysis of standing waves in submillimeter-wave optics." In Integrated Optoelectronic Devices 2007, edited by Kurt J. Linden and Laurence P. Sadwick. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.699074.

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Trappe, Neil, Tim Finn, J. Anthony Murphy, Stafford Withington, and Willem Jellema. "Analysis of standing waves in submillimeter-wave optics." In Integrated Optoelectronic Devices 2006, edited by R. Jennifer Hwu and Kurt J. Linden. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.643768.

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Whale, M., N. Trappe, J. A. Murphy, and S. Withington. "Analysis of standing waves in millimetre-wave optics." In 2007 Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves and the 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimw.2007.4516742.

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Ting, Francis C. K. "Wave and Turbulence Characteristics in Narrow-Band Irregular Breaking Waves." In Fourth International Symposium on Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40604(273)107.

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Arikawa, Taro, and Masahiko Isobe. "Numerical Simulation of Stem Waves along a Wave-Dissipating Breakwater." In Fourth International Symposium on Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40604(273)88.

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Chakrabarti, Subrata K. "Experiments and Analysis of Laboratory Generated Steep Waves." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28590.

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In many offshore locations, storm generated steep waves are common and the survival of offshore structures in their presence is an important design condition. The design environment in depth-limited waters often includes waves of breaking and near-breaking conditions, in which currents may be present. Experiments were carried out in a wave tank with simulated steep waves with and without steady in-line current in which the wave profiles and the corresponding kinematics were simultaneously measured. The waves included both regular and random waves and often approached the breaking wave height for the water depth. These waves were analyzed by higher-order wave theory. In particular, the regular waves were simulated by the regular and irregular stream function theory. Especially steep wave profiles within the random waves were computed using the irregular stream function theory. The theory allows inclusion of steady current in its formulation for computation of wave kinematics. The correlation of the measured wave kinematics with the higher-order stream function wave theory showed that the wave theory could predict the kinematics of these steep waves (with and without the presence of current) well. However, in breaking waves, the vertical water particle velocity was not predicted well, specially near the trough. The effect of breaking and near-breaking steep waves on a fixed vertical caisson was also studied. The forces measured on the vertical caisson from the wave tank testing were analyzed to determine the effect of these waves and currents on the forces. It was found that the measured forces (and overturning moments) on the caisson model matched fairly well by the proper choice of force coefficients from the design guideline and the nonlinear stream function theory of appropriate order.
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Ma, Rujian, Guixi Li, and Dong Zhao. "Spectral Analysis of Nonlinear Random Wave Loadings." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67287.

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The spectral analysis of nonlinear random wave loadings on circular cylinders is performed in this paper by means of nonlinear spectral analysis. The study is carried out by expressing the wave profile and velocities of water particles as a nonlinear composition of the first order wave profile. Under the assumption of the first order wave profile being a zero-mean Gaussian process, the random wave spectra of finite amplitude waves are given. In order to solve the loading spectra of the finite amplitude random waves, the drag force is extended into power series of velocity. The loadings of the finite amplitude random waves are then expressed as nonlinear compositions of the first order wave profile and its derivatives. These techniques made it easier to compute the spectral densities of the finite amplitude random wave loadings.
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Lande, O̸ystein, and Thomas B. Johannessen. "CFD Analysis of Deck Impact in Irregular Waves: Wave Representation by Transient Wave Groups." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49418.

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Analysis of wave structure interaction problems are increasingly handled by employing CFD methods such as the well known Volume-of-Fluid (VoF) method. In particular for the problem of deck impact on fixed structures with slender substructures, CFD methods have been used extensively in the last few years. For this case, the initial conditions have usually been treated as regular waves in an undisturbed wave field which may be given accurately as input. As CFD analyses become more widely available and are used for more complex problems it is also necessary to consider the problem of irregular waves in a CFD context. Irregular waves provide a closer description of the sea surface than regular waves and are also the chief source of statistical variability in the wave induced loading level. In general, it is not feasible to run a long simulation of an irregular seastate in a CFD analysis today since this would require very long simulation times and also a very large computational domain and sophisticated absorbing boundary conditions to avoid build-up of reflections in the domain. The present paper is concerned with the use of a single transient wave group to represent a large event in an irregular wave group. It is well known that the autocovariance function of the wave spectrum is proportional to the mean shape of a large wave in a Gaussian wave field. The transient nature of such a wave ensures that a relatively small wave is generated at the upwave boundary and dissipated at the downwave boundary compared with the wave in the centre of the domain. Furthermore, a transient wave may be embedded in a random background if it is believed that the random background is important for the load level. The present paper describes the method of generating transient wave groups in a CFD analysis of wave in deck impact. The evolution of transient wave groups is first studied and compared with experimental measurements in order to verify that nonlinear transient waves can be calculated accurately using the present CFD code. Vertical wave induced loads on a large deck is then investigated for different undisturbed wave velocities and deck inundations.
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Scharnke, Jule, and Janou Hennig. "Statistical Analysis of a Set of Basin Waves." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49974.

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In a recent paper the effect of variations in calibrated wave parameters on wave crest and height distributions was analyzed (OMAE2010-20304, [1]). Theoretical distribution functions were compared to wave measurements with a variation in water depth, wave seed (group spectrum) and location of measurement for the same initial power spectrum. The wave crest distribution of the shallow water waves exceeded both second-order and Rayleigh distribution. Whereas, in intermediate water depth the measured crests followed the second order distribution. The distributions of the measured waves showed that different wave seeds result in the same wave height and crest distributions. Measured wave heights were lower closer to the wave maker. In this paper the results of the continued statistical analysis of basin waves are presented with focus on wave steepness and their influence on wave height and wave crest distributions. Furthermore, the sampling variability of the presented cases is assessed.
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Reports on the topic "Waves and wave analysis"

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Muhlestein, Michael, and Carl Hart. Geometric-acoustics analysis of singly scattered, nonlinearly evolving waves by circular cylinders. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38521.

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Geometric acoustics, or acoustic ray theory, is used to analyze the scattering of high-amplitude acoustic waves incident upon rigid circular cylinders. Theoretical predictions of the nonlinear evolution of the scattered wave field are provided, as well as measures of the importance of accounting for nonlinearity. An analysis of scattering by many cylinders is also provided, though the effects of multiple scattering are not considered. Provided the characteristic nonlinear distortion length is much larger than a cylinder radius, the nonlinear evolution of the incident wave is shown to be of much greater importance to the overall evolution than the nonlinear evolution of the individual scattered waves.
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Moum, James N. Nonlinear Internal Waves - A Wave-Tracking Experiment to Assess Nonlinear Internal Wave Generation, Structure, Evolution and Dissipation over the NJ Shelf / Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada534110.

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Bryant, Mary, Duncan Bryant, Leigh Provost, Nia Hurst, Maya McHugh, Anna Wargula, and Tori Tomiczek. Wave attenuation of coastal mangroves at a near-prototype scale. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45565.

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A physical model study investigating the dissipation of wave energy by a 1:2.1 scale North American red mangrove forest was performed in a large-scale flume. The objectives were to measure the amount of wave attenuation afforded by mangroves, identify key hydrodynamic parameters influencing wave attenuation, and provide methodologies for application. Seventy-two hydrodynamic conditions, comprising irregular and regular waves, were tested. The analysis related the dissipation to three formulations that can provide estimates of wave attenuation for flood risk management projects considering mangroves: damping coefficient β, drag coefficient C𝐷, and Manning’s roughness coefficient 𝑛. The attenuation of the incident wave height through the 15.12 m long, 1:2.1 scale mangrove forest was exponential in form and varied from 13%–77%. Water depth and incident wave height strongly influenced the amount of wave attenuation. Accounting for differences in water depth using the sub-merged volume fraction resulted in a common fit of the damping coefficient as a function of relative wave height and wave steepness. The drag coefficient demonstrated a stronger relationship with the Keulegan–Carpenter number than the Reynolds number. The linear relationship between relative depth and Manning’s 𝑛 was stronger than that between Manning’s 𝑛 and either relative wave height or wave steepness.
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Bhatt, Mihir R., Shilpi Srivastava, Megan Schmidt-Sane, and Lyla Mehta. Key Considerations: India's Deadly Second COVID-19 Wave: Addressing Impacts and Building Preparedness Against Future Waves. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.031.

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Since February 2021, countless lives have been lost in India, which has compounded the social and economic devastation caused by the second wave of COVID-19. The sharp surge in cases across the country overwhelmed the health infrastructure, with people left scrambling for hospital beds, critical drugs, and oxygen. As of May 2021, infections began to come down in urban areas. However, the effects of the second wave continued to be felt in rural areas. This is the worst humanitarian and public health crisis the country has witnessed since independence; while the continued spread of COVID-19 variants will have regional and global implications. With a slow vaccine rollout and overwhelmed health infrastructure, there is a critical need to examine India's response and recommend measures to further arrest the current spread of infection and to prevent and prepare against future waves. This brief is a rapid social science review and analysis of the second wave of COVID-19 in India. It draws on emerging reports, literature, and regional social science expertise to examine reasons for the second wave, explain its impact, and highlight the systemic issues that hindered the response. This brief puts forth vital considerations for local and national government, civil society, and humanitarian actors at global and national levels, with implications for future waves of COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries. This review is part of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) series on the COVID-19 response in India. It was developed for SSHAP by Mihir R. Bhatt (AIDMI), Shilpi Srivastava (IDS), Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), and Lyla Mehta (IDS) with input and reviews from Deepak Sanan (Former Civil Servant; Senior Visiting Fellow, Centre for Policy Research), Subir Sinha (SOAS), Murad Banaji (Middlesex University London), Delhi Rose Angom (Oxfam India), Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica) and Santiago Ripoll (IDS). It is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Earle, Marshal D., David McGehee, and Michael Tubman. Field Wave Gaging Program, Wave Data Analysis Standard. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada294624.

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Muhlestein, Michael, and Carl Hart. Numerical analysis of weak acoustic shocks in aperiodic array of rigid scatterers. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38579.

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Nonlinear propagation of shock waves through periodic structures have the potential to exhibit interesting phenomena. Frequency content of the shock that lies within a bandgap of the periodic structure is strongly attenuated, but nonlinear frequency-frequency interactions pumps energy back into those bands. To investigate the relative importance of these propagation phenomena, numerical experiments using the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov (KZK) equation are carried out. Two-dimensional propagation through a periodic array of rectangular waveguides is per-formed by iteratively using the output of one waveguide as the input for the next waveguide. Comparison of the evolution of the initial shock wave for both the linear and nonlinear cases is presented.
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Wu, Ru-Shan, and Xiao-Bi Xie. Study of Ocean Bottom Interactions with Acoustic Waves by a New Elastic Wave Propagation Algorithm and an Energy Flow Analysis Technique. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628511.

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Wu, Ru-Shan, and Xiao-Bi Xie. Study of Ocean Bottom Interactions with Acoustic Waves by a New Elastic Wave Propagation Algorithm and an Energy Flow Analysis Technique. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630870.

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Glover, J. M. Void Detection using Standing Wave Analysis. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/133649.

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Aston, D., T. A. Lasinski, and P. K. Sinervo. SLAC three-body partial wave analysis system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6428073.

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