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Journal articles on the topic 'Wavelength division multiplexing'

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1

Ye, Mengyuan, Yu Yu, Jinghui Zou, Weili Yang, and Xinliang Zhang. "On-chip multiplexing conversion between wavelength division multiplexing–polarization division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing–mode division multiplexing." Optics Letters 39, no. 4 (February 4, 2014): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.39.000758.

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2

Stokes, L. F. "Towards Wavelength Division Multiplexing." IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine 12, no. 1 (January 1996): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcd.1996.481208.

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3

Gu, Huaxi, Zhengyu Wang, Bowen Zhang, Yintang Yang, and Kun Wang. "Time-Division-Multiplexing–Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing-Based Architecture for ONoC." Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 9, no. 5 (April 13, 2017): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jocn.9.000351.

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4

Toba, Hiromu, and Karuhiro Oda. "Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing Transmission Systems." Review of Laser Engineering 24, Supplement (1996): 268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.supplement_268.

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5

Slaveski, F., J. Sloss, M. Atiquzzaman, Hung Nguyen, and Due Ngo. "Optical fiber wavelength division multiplexing." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 18, no. 8 (August 2003): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.2003.1224965.

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6

Nahar, Sabiqun, Md Redowan Mahmud Arnob, and Mohammad Nasir Uddin. "Empirical analysis of polarization division multiplexing-dense wavelength division multiplexing hybrid multiplexing techniques for channel capacity enhancement." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i1.pp590-600.

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<span>This paper exemplifies dense wavelength division multiplexing combined with polarization division multiplexing with C-band frequency range-based single-mode fiber. In the proposed link, 32 independent channels with 16 individual wavelengths are multiplexed with two different angles of polarization. Each carrying 130 Gbps dual-polarization data with 200 GHz channel spacing claiming a net transmission rate of 4.16 Tbits/s with spectral efficiency of 69% with 20% side-mode-suppression-ratio (SMSR) and optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) 40.7. The performance of the proposed techniques has been analyzed using optimized system parameters securing a minimum bit error rate (BER) 10-9 at a transmission distance up to 50 km.</span>
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7

Fazea, Yousef, Angela Amphawan, and Hussein Abualrejal. "Wavelength Division Multiplexing-Mode Division Multiplexing for MMF in Access Networks." Advanced Science Letters 23, no. 6 (June 1, 2017): 5448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.7397.

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8

Malekmohammadi, Amin, Ahmad Fauzi Abas, Mohamad Khazani Abdullah, Ghafour Amouzad Mahdiraji, Makhfudzah Mokhtar, and Mohd Fadlee A. Rasid. "Absolute polar duty cycle division multiplexing over wavelength division multiplexing system." Optics Communications 282, no. 21 (November 2009): 4233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2009.07.049.

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9

Dennis, T., E. A. Curtis, C. W. Oates, L. Hollberg, and S. L. Gilbert. "Wavelength references for 1300-nm wavelength-division multiplexing." Journal of Lightwave Technology 20, no. 5 (May 2002): 804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2002.1007933.

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10

Janagal, Mamta, Gurpreet Kaur, Varinder Mandley, and Tanvi Sood. "Investigation the Effect of Channel Spacing for Long Distance Communication." CGC International Journal of Contemporary Technology and Research 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46860/cgcijctr.2019.12.20.45.

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In this paper, the impact of different channel spacing on proposed system setup is investigated for long distance communication. This wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and ultradense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) is evaluated by considering the signal quality factor, bit error rate, optical gain, and received power for different signal input power and for distance. It is observed that at -5 dBm of signal input power the system covers 130 km with acceptable BER (10-8) and Q-factor (14dB).
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11

Mollenauer, L. F., and P. V. Mamyshev. "Massive wavelength-division multiplexing with solitons." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 34, no. 11 (1998): 2089–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.726598.

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12

Bilici, T., Ş İşçi, A. Kurt, and A. Serpengüzel. "GaInNAs microspheres for wavelength division multiplexing." IEE Proceedings - Optoelectronics 150, no. 1 (2003): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-opt:20030046.

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13

Chakravarty, S., J. R. Sauer, R. B. Jenkins, and M. J. Ablowitz. "Multisoliton interactions and wavelength-division multiplexing." Optics Letters 20, no. 2 (January 15, 1995): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.20.000136.

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14

De Souza, E. A., M. C. Nuss, W. H. Knox, and D. A. B. Miller. "Wavelength-division multiplexing with femtosecond pulses." Optics Letters 20, no. 10 (May 15, 1995): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.20.001166.

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15

Gad, Michael, Jason Ackert, David Yevick, Lukas Chrostowski, and Paul Jessop. "Ring Resonator Wavelength Division Multiplexing Interleaver." Journal of Lightwave Technology 29, no. 14 (July 2011): 2102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2011.2157081.

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16

Sharma, Ajay K., R. K. Sinha, and R. A. Agarwala. "Wavelength Division Multiplexing Systems and Networks." IETE Technical Review 15, no. 4 (July 1998): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564602.1998.11416754.

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17

Helaly, Anwar, and Mustafa A. G. Abushagur. "Acousto-optic wavelength division multiplexing system." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 5, no. 12 (November 1992): 633–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.4650051209.

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18

Hiew, C. C., F. M. Abbou, T. H. Chuah, and Hairul A. Abdul-Rashid. "A technique to improve optical time division multiplexing - wavelength division multiplexing performance." IEICE Electronics Express 2, no. 24 (2005): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/elex.2.589.

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19

Seyedzadeh, Saleh, Ghafour Amouzad Mahdiraji, and Ahmad Fauzi Abas. "Performance Analysis of Duty-Cycle Division Multiplexing over Wavelength Division Multiplexing System." Fiber and Integrated Optics 33, no. 3 (May 4, 2014): 232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01468030.2013.864346.

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20

Chen, Baobao, Junfan Chen, Yi Zhao, and Shiming Gao. "Silicon-based on-chip all-optical wavelength conversion for two-dimensional hybrid multiplexing signals." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 28, no. 04 (December 2019): 1950034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863519500346.

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A silicon-based all-optical wavelength conversion (AOWC) chip is proposed and designed for two-dimensional hybrid multiplexing signals, including mode-division multiplexing (MDM) and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). The AOWC chip is structured by mode (de) multiplexers and highly nonlinear silicon waveguide. Tapered directional coupler-based mode (de) multiplexers are used to convert between TE[Formula: see text] and TE[Formula: see text] modes for the signal and pump. The AOWC function is realized using the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect in the multimode silicon waveguide. The on-chip conversion efficiencies are simulated to be [Formula: see text]20.66[Formula: see text]dB and [Formula: see text]20.77[Formula: see text]dB for the TE[Formula: see text] and TE[Formula: see text] mode signals, respectively. The bandwidth is 68.2[Formula: see text]nm, which can support 170 MDM-WDM (85 wavelengths [Formula: see text] 2 modes) hybrid multiplexing channels.
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21

Azmi, Farid Hazwan, Nani Fadzlina Naim, Norsuzila Ya'acob, Suzi Seroja Sarnin, and Latifah Sarah Supian. "Design of time division multiplexing/wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network system for high-capacity network." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 4 (August 1, 2023): 4152. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i4.pp4152-4158.

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This paper presents the design of time division multiplexing-wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (TDM-WDM PON). In this design, the current TDM PON is incorporated with the proposed WDM-PON in order to design a high-capacity network with lower loss requirements. The design has been simulated using OptiSystem software. The upstream wavelength for WDM is between 1,530.334 to 1,542.142 nm while for TDM is 1,310 nm. The downstream wavelength for WDM is from 1,569.865 to 1,581.973 nm, while for TDM is 1,490 nm. Based on the result, it is found that the proposed network is capable to support up to 64 customers with a bit rate of 2.5 Gbps.
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22

Hu, Y., D. J. Thomson, A. Z. Khokhar, S. Stanković, C. J. Mitchell, F. Y. Gardes, J. Soler Penades, G. Z. Mashanovich, and G. T. Reed. "Angled multimode interferometer for bidirectional wavelength division (de)multiplexing." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 10 (October 2015): 150270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150270.

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We have demonstrated a bidirectional wavelength division (de)multiplexer (WDM) on the silicon-on-insulator platform using two 4-channel angled multimode interferometers (AMMIs) sharing the same multimode interference waveguide. An excellent match of the peak transmission wavelength of each channel between the two AMMIs was achieved. The input and output access waveguides were arranged in a configuration such that the propagation of light of one AMMI in the multimode interference waveguide suffered minimal perturbation by the input and output waveguides of the other AMMI. This type of device is ideal for the WDM system for datacom or telecom applications, e.g. an integrated optical transceiver, where the transmission wavelengths are required to match with the receiving wavelengths. The device also benefits from simple fabrication (as only a single lithography and etching step is required), improved convenience for the transceiver layout design, a reduction in tuning power and circuitry and efficient use of layout space. A low insertion loss of 3–4 dB, and low crosstalk of −15 to −20 dB, was achieved.
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23

Bathaee, Marzieh, and Jawad A. Salehi. "Entangled-Based Quantum Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing and Multiple-Access Networks." Entropy 25, no. 12 (December 14, 2023): 1658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25121658.

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This paper investigates the mathematical model of the quantum wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) network based on the entanglement distribution with the least required wavelengths and passive devices. By adequately utilizing wavelength multiplexers, demultiplexers, and star couplers, N wavelengths are enough to distribute the entanglement among each pair of N users. Moreover, the number of devices employed is reduced by substituting a waveguide grating router for multiplexers and demultiplexers. Furthermore, this study examines implementing the BBM92 quantum key distribution in an entangled-based quantum WDM network. The proposed scheme in this paper may be applied to potential applications such as teleportation in entangled-based quantum WDM networks.
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24

Silmon-Clyde, J. P., and J. N. Elgin. "Incompatibility of polarization-division multiplexing with wavelength-division multiplexing in soliton-transmission systems." Optics Letters 23, no. 3 (February 1, 1998): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.23.000180.

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25

Polczynski, Christopher E., and Garry Duck. "Applications of wavelength-division multiplexing and time-division multiplexing to aircraft data links." Fiber and Integrated Optics 5, no. 3 (January 1985): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01468038508242759.

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26

Ezhilarasi, S., N. Saivaraju, and S. Baskaran. "Optimization of Wavelengths and Wavelength Converters in All Optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing Networks." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, no. 12 (December 1, 2017): 5824–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.7017.

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27

Fazea, Yousef, and Angela Amphawan. "40Gbit/s MDM-WDM Laguerre-Gaussian Mode with Equalization for Multimode Fiber in Access Networks." Journal of Optical Communications 39, no. 2 (April 25, 2018): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joc-2016-0138.

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AbstractModal dispersion is seen as the primary impairment for multimode fiber. Mode division multiplexing (MDM) is a promising technology that has been realized as a favorable technology for considerably upsurges the capacity and distance of multimode fiber in conjunction with Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) for fiber-to-the-home. This paper reveals the importance of an equalization technique in conjunction with controlling the modes spacing of mode division multiplexing-wavelength division multiplexing of Laguerre-Gaussian modes to alleviate modal dispersion for multimode fiber. The effects of channel spacing of 20 channels MDM-WDM were examined through controlling the azimuthal mode number and the radial mode number of Laguerre-Gaussian modes. A data rate of 40Gbit/s was achieved for a distance of 1,500 m for MDM-WDM.
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28

Wu, Bin, Hongxi Yin, Jie Qin, Chang Liu, Anliang Liu, Qi Shao, and Xiaoguang Xu. "Design and implementation of flexible TWDM-PON with PtP WDM overlay based on WSS for next-generation optical access networks." Modern Physics Letters B 30, no. 25 (September 20, 2016): 1650324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984916503243.

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Aiming at the increasing demand of the diversification services and flexible bandwidth allocation of the future access networks, a flexible passive optical network (PON) scheme combining time and wavelength division multiplexing (TWDM) with point-to-point wavelength division multiplexing (PtP WDM) overlay is proposed for the next-generation optical access networks in this paper. A novel software-defined optical distribution network (ODN) structure is designed based on wavelength selective switches (WSS), which can implement wavelength and bandwidth dynamical allocations and suits for the bursty traffic. The experimental results reveal that the TWDM-PON can provide 40 Gb/s downstream and 10 Gb/s upstream data transmission, while the PtP WDM-PON can support 10 GHz point-to-point dedicated bandwidth as the overlay complement system. The wavelengths of the TWDM-PON and PtP WDM-PON are allocated dynamically based on WSS, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed structure.
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29

Mahesa Yoga, Dewa Gede Agung, Sheena Graceline, Rizky Imanuel S, Pande Ketut Sudiarta, and I. Gusti Agung Komang Diafari Djuni Harta. "PERFORMANSI WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING PADA JARINGAN OPTIK." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2023.v10.i03.p6.

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The process of sending information is currently needed to be fast and efficient. One of the solutions to meet the needs of fast information is to use transmission via a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) network. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the performance of WDM networks and the impact that occurs when EDFA is added and its use in PON networks. This research will utilize optisystem 7.0 software in carrying out design simulations and finding out the results of receiver power, q-factor, and BER which will then be used as a comparison in this study. The results of the analysis provide evidence that the use of WDM in the delivery process is more efficient because it can transmit several wavelengths at a time, but will have a negative effect on distance, but this can be overcome by using EDFA in WDM networks. The use of WDM-PON will expand the scope of the process of sending information. The results of this study can prove the performance in the use of WDM. In the future, it is necessary to carry out further research by adding other comparison parameters so that the results obtained will be more certain. As well as the use of the latest version of the optisystem application will help and facilitate the process of collecting information and data.
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30

Putri, Rahadian Dwi Oktavia, Elang Rimba Briantoko, Rohim Aminullah Firdaus, and Dzulkiflih Dzulkiflih. "Simulation of Coherent Electromagnetic Waves in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) Transmission." Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram 11, no. 3 (July 30, 2023): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/j-ps.v11i3.8215.

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This study analyzes the application of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) in fiber optic networks which aims to find the wavelength, WDM optical spectrum and modes, as well as the CPR estimated phase and modes. In this study WDM allows the simultaneous transmission of different data streams through a single optical fiber, using different wavelengths. This research was conducted using the python OptiCommPy module. This module is used to perform modeling of complex optical fiber transmission systems by considering the various parameters and disturbances involved in optical transmission. The results obtained from this study are that WDM networks can use full or limited wavelength conversion, depending on the wavelength conversion capability of each network node. Whereas multifiber networks use fiber pools between network nodes, and multifiber WDM networks can be implemented without or with full wavelength conversion. This research can be a guide for designing coherent electromagnetic waves in WDM transmissions using the OptiCommPy python module.
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31

Yamauchi, Masaki, and Tomohiro Yendo. "Light field display using wavelength division multiplexing." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 2 (January 26, 2020): 101–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.2.sda-101.

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We propose a large screen 3D display which enables multiple viewers to see simultaneously without special glasses. In prior researches, methods of using a projector array or a swinging screen were proposed. However, the former has difficulty in installing and adjusting a large number of projectors and the latter cases occurrence of vibration and noise because of the mechanical motion of the screen. Our proposed display consists of a wavelength modulation projector and a spectroscopic screen. The screen shows images of which color depends on viewing points. The projector projects binary images to the screen in time-division according to wavelength of projection light. The wavelength of the light changes at high-speed with time. Therefore, the system can show 3D images to multiple viewers simultaneously by projecting proper images according to each viewing points. The installation of the display is easy and vibration or noise are not occurred because only one projector is used and the screen has no mechanical motion. We conducted simulation and confirmed that the proposed display can show 3D images to multiple viewers simultaneously.
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32

Lin, Wei, Hao Zhang, Binbin Song, Yinping Miao, Bo Liu, Donglin Yan, and Yange Liu. "Magnetically controllable wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber coupler." Optics Express 23, no. 9 (April 21, 2015): 11123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.011123.

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33

Damask, J. N., and H. A. Haus. "Wavelength-division multiplexing using channel-dropping filters." Journal of Lightwave Technology 11, no. 3 (March 1993): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.219575.

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34

Goldfarb, Gilad, Guifang Li, and Michael G. Taylor. "Orthogonal Wavelength-Division Multiplexing Using Coherent Detection." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 19, no. 24 (December 2007): 2015–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2007.909895.

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35

McMahon, D. H. "Doing wavelength-division multiplexing with today's technology." IEEE LTS 3, no. 1 (February 1992): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/80.122431.

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36

Doerr, C. R., C. H. Joyner, L. W. Stulz, and R. Monnard. "Wavelength-division multiplexing cross connect in InP." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 10, no. 1 (January 1998): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/68.651129.

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37

Subramaniam, P. C. "Wavelength division multiplexing of phase modulated solitons." Optics Communications 93, no. 5-6 (October 1992): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(92)90188-w.

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38

Llorente, R., J. H. Lee, R. Clavero, M. Ibsen, and J. Marti. "Orthogonal wavelength-division-multiplexing technique feasibility evaluation." Journal of Lightwave Technology 23, no. 3 (March 2005): 1145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2005.843526.

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39

Kani, J., T. Sakamoto, M. Jinno, T. Kanamori, M. Yamada, and K. Oguchi. "1470 nm band wavelength division multiplexing transmission." Electronics Letters 34, no. 11 (1998): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19980778.

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40

Sharkawy, Ahmed, Shouyuan Shi, and Dennis W. Prather. "Multichannel wavelength division multiplexing with photonic crystals." Applied Optics 40, no. 14 (May 10, 2001): 2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.40.002247.

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41

Matsuura, Takanori, Atsushi Uchida, and Shigeru Yoshimori. "Chaotic wavelength division multiplexing for optical communication." Optics Letters 29, no. 23 (December 1, 2004): 2731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.29.002731.

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42

Tian, Huiping, Guansheng Shen, Weijia Liu, and Yuefeng Ji. "Integration of both dense wavelength-division multiplexing and coarse wavelength-division multiplexing demultiplexer on one photonic crystal chip." Optical Engineering 52, no. 7 (July 11, 2013): 076110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.52.7.076110.

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43

Spühler, G. J., L. Krainer, S. C. Zeller, Ch Erny, R. Paschotta, K. J. Weingarten, and U. Keller. "Compact low-noise pulse generating lasers with repetition rates of 10 to 50 GHz." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 15, no. 03 (September 2005): 497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156405003296.

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We review the main results obtained with our recently introduced passively fundamental mode-locked Er : Yb :glass lasers mainly in the context of telecom applications, and we discuss their key enablers. Specifically, we focus on the aspects of the lasers for application in the time-domain for optical time-division multiplexing and in the wavelength domain for dense wavelength-division-multiplexing.
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44

Rashed, Ahmed Zaki. "Demonstration of Multi Pump Wide Gain Raman Amplifiers for Maximization of Repeaters Distance in Optical Communication Systems." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v4i1.pp38-44.

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<p>Fiber Raman amplifiers in ultra wide wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM) systems have recently received much more attention because of their greatly extended bandwidth and distributed amplification with the installed fiber as gain medium. It has been shown that the bandwidth of the amplifier can be further increased and gain spectrum can be tailored by using pumping with multiple wavelengths. Wide gain of the amplifier is considered where two sets of pumps N<sub>R</sub> {5,10} are investigated. The gain coefficient is cast under polynomial forms. The pumping wavelength l<sub>R</sub> is over the range 1.40 £ l<sub>R</sub>, mm £ 1.44 and the channel wavelength l<sub>s</sub> is over the range 1.45 £ l<sub>s</sub>, mm £ 1.65. Two multiplexing techniques are processed in long-haul transmission cables where number of channels is up to 10000 in ultra-wide wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM) with number of links up to 480. The problem is investigated over wide ranges of affecting sets of parameters.</p>
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45

Xia, Ge. "Experimental demonstration of 40Gbit∕s hybrid optical code-division multiplexing/wavelength-division multiplexing system." Optical Engineering 46, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 115006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2802083.

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46

Amphawan, Angela, and Yousef Fazea. "Multidiameter optical ring and Hermite–Gaussian vortices for wavelength division multiplexing–mode division multiplexing." Optical Engineering 55, no. 10 (October 13, 2016): 106109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.55.10.106109.

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47

Singh, Paramjeet. "Efficient wavelength assignment strategy for wavelength-division multiplexing optical networks." Optical Engineering 46, no. 8 (August 1, 2007): 085009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2771580.

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48

Ozcelik, Damla, Joshua W. Parks, Thomas A. Wall, Matthew A. Stott, Hong Cai, Joseph W. Parks, Aaron R. Hawkins, and Holger Schmidt. "Optofluidic wavelength division multiplexing for single-virus detection." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 42 (October 5, 2015): 12933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1511921112.

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Optical waveguides simultaneously transport light at different colors, forming the basis of fiber-optic telecommunication networks that shuttle data in dozens of spectrally separated channels. Here, we reimagine this wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) paradigm in a novel context––the differentiated detection and identification of single influenza viruses on a chip. We use a single multimode interference (MMI) waveguide to create wavelength-dependent spot patterns across the entire visible spectrum and enable multiplexed single biomolecule detection on an optofluidic chip. Each target is identified by its time-dependent fluorescence signal without the need for spectral demultiplexing upon detection. We demonstrate detection of individual fluorescently labeled virus particles of three influenza A subtypes in two implementations: labeling of each virus using three different colors and two-color combinatorial labeling. By extending combinatorial multiplexing to three or more colors, MMI-based WDM provides the multiplexing power required for differentiated clinical tests and the growing field of personalized medicine.
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Pinky Khundrakpam, Et al. "Optical Fiber Bragg Grating Filter for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) Applications." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 10 (November 10, 2023): 2514–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i10.9290.

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A Fiber Bragg grating is an aperiodic or periodic disorder of the effective index of refraction in the optical fiber core, having nanometres range period. For short periods of the index modulation, the disorder in index of refraction perturbation induces the light reflection in a limited wavelength range, for which condition of Bragg is satisfied. Incidence of a broad-spectrum light onto one fiber end containing a fiber Bragg grating, induces reflection of the portion of the light corresponding to wavelength of the Bragg grating to the input end, while the remaining light reaches the other end. Optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks employed in long distance and metro areas; several nodes are present to distribute the signal. The optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM) is the significant equipment which is responsible for separation of distinct wavelengths and redirection of the linked signals across the network to the corresponding users. The operating principle of the optical add-drop multiplexer deems an accurate filtering operation, provided by Bragg gratings. In this paper, optical fiber Bragg grating filter is designed and analysed for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) application.
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50

Lin, Wen-Piao, Ming-Seng Kao, and Sien Chi. "A novel architecture for dense wavelength-division multiplexing/subcarrier multiplexing networks." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 32, no. 1 (November 28, 2001): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.10089.

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