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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Waveguide

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Academic literature on the topic 'Waveguide'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Waveguide"

1

Kanaya, Yusho, Masashi Nakatsugawa, Tamami Maruyama, Manabu Omiya, and Yasuhiro Tamayama. "FDTD Analysis on WPT Efficiency Between Circuit-Shape Leaky Waveguide and 𝝀/2 Dipole Antenna for Snow Melting Application." ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 21, no. 2 (August 25, 2022): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v21n2.409.

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The wireless transfer characteristics between a circuit-shape leaky waveguide and a /2 dipole antenna were analyzed with scattering parameters obtained with the FDTD method. The circuit-shaped leaky waveguide was composed of two pairs of straight slotted waveguides and two semicircular waveguides. The circuit-shape leaky waveguide was designed to achieve uniform electromagnetic field distribution with a source for snow melting with microwave radiations by microwave heating. The electromagnetic field of the circuit-shape leaky waveguide was firstly simulated with the FDTD method. Although the electromagnetic distribution exhibited the point symmetry with an off-set feeding point and a slot spacing 𝝀𝒈, it was nearly uniform. The wireless transfer efficiency and the maximum transfer efficiency for four locations at 2.45 GHz revealed that the farthest location from the feeding point had the largest WPT efficiency among four locations. This ensures the circuit-shape leaky waveguide’s uniqueness. The circuit-shape leaky waveguide has favorable characteristics to provide WPT energy at any location above it.

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Poenar, Daniel Puiu, Jack Sheng Kee, Pavel Neuzil, and Levent Yobas. "The Design and Fabrication of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Single Mode Rib Waveguides for Lab-on-a-Chip Applications." Advanced Materials Research 74 (June 2009): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.74.51.

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This paper reports on the design and fabrication of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) single mode rib waveguide. PDMS was chosen as the base material for both the core and cladding of the waveguide. Such a PDMS waveguide allows an easy integration with microoptical components for lab-on-a-chip systems fabricated by soft lithography fabrication methods. The modification of the PDMS refractive index was achieved by diluting the base material with hexane. The fabricated PDMS rib waveguides were characterized for mode profile characteristics and the results confirmed the excitation of the waveguide's fundamental mode. The propagation loss was characterized at a wavelength of 635 nm and found to be 0.48 dB/cm. Such a low loss waveguide is useful as basic building block for complex microphonotnics device.

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Runze, Wang, Jian Yabin, Yin Xiaofang, Hou YaQin, and Su XinMing. "Computer-aided Design for the Route of the Test Waveguides." MATEC Web of Conferences 179 (2018): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817901022.

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With the rapid development of China's space industry, digitization and intelligent is the tendency of the future. The applications of the waveguide are gradually widespread. During the thermal test phase, the routes of the test waveguides are similar for each spacecraft. Although the waveguides are highly standardized, so far it needs engineers to design the particular route of the test waveguidess, then map the engineering drawing for every test. In order to efficiently design the route of waveguide, it needs to design an application to help the engineers. With the help of the MFC(Microsoft Foundation Classes) and the pro/toolkit, it is easily to do the modeling and simulation. After automatic design the particular the route of the waveguide, the API of AutoCAD type library is used to help to modify the engineer drawing. Engineers can supervise every step of this application, and easily to modify the key parameters.

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Yu, Bo, Jie Yang, Yexi Song, Zhigang Wang, Tiedi Zhang, Bo Yan, and Ruimin Xu. "Terahertz Metamaterial Waveguide with I-Shaped Resonators for Phase and Absorption Modulation." Photonics 10, no. 7 (July 13, 2023): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070816.

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In terahertz communication systems, amplifiers and other components can induce non-linear distortion in terms of amplitude and phase, resulting in system performance degradation. This paper presents a terahertz metamaterial waveguide to mitigate amplitude and phase distortions in some terahertz systems. A simple method based on free-space analysis is proposed for designing metamaterial waveguides in an enclosed space. The quasi-periodic metamaterial structures, which feature I-shaped resonant patterns, are integrated onto the inner walls of rectangular waveguides. The phase and amplitude of electromagnetic waves within the waveguide can be modulated by varying the dimensions and number of these resonators. Utilizing the effective medium theory and the equivalent circuits, the metamaterial waveguide’s phase and absorption modulation mechanisms are analyzed. Based on the proposed structure, a metamaterial waveguide with I-shaped resonators is designed and fabricated, and its abilities to modulate the phase and absorption of terahertz waves around 0.2 THz are demonstrated.

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Ishibashi, Akira, Tsuyoshi Kasai, and Nobuo Sawamura. "Redirection Waveguide having Discrete Translational Symmetry for Photovoltaic Systems with Solar-Cell Units Placed at the Periphery." Energies 11, no. 12 (December 14, 2018): 3498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123498.

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We have investigated a new type of redirection waveguides for concentration solar-cell systems. The solar cell units are to be placed in the peripheral region of the waveguide. The redirection waveguide converts three-dimensionally propagating (3D) photons into 2D photons that propagate in a planar waveguide which serves as the mainstream of the redirection waveguide. In this new type, the cladding layer on one side of the planar waveguide, not being spatially continuous, tangentially touches the core of the planar waveguide which, having an open geometry, is connected, through tributary waveguides, to the bottom plane where the 3D-photons come in vertically. Based on simulations, we have shown not only that good mainstream-to-mainstream propagation of light-wave can be obtained but also that the light propagation from the tributary waveguides to the mainstream is well done. We also have confirmed that light-waves from the tributary waveguides are well merged with those from the mainstream waveguide at the junction of the cores of the mainstream and the tributary waveguides. Light-waves injected from tributary waveguides propagates well in the core of the mainstream waveguide passing those junctions. The light-wave merging can be fulfilled in the waveguide with the discrete translational symmetry. Photons are shown to be well conveyed in the new waveguide losslessly for a distance of ~1 mm. The redirection waveguide is promising for the concentration photovoltaic systems with solar-cell units placed at its periphery.

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Наливайко, В. И., and М. А. Пономарева. "Оптические решеточно-волноводные сенсоры на основе халькогенидных стекол." Журнал технической физики 126, no. 4 (2019): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2019.04.47523.182-18.

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AbstractThe operating principle of the optical grating waveguide sensors is considered. The waveguide sensitivity and detection limit of sensors with waveguides of oxide and chalcogenide glasses are compared. The advantages of the grating waveguide sensors with waveguides with a high contrast of refraction indices are shown. The conditions of obtaining a maximum waveguide sensitivity of the grating waveguide sensors are formulated.

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Feng, Song, and Bin Xue. "Research into Two Photonic-Integrated Waveguides Based on SiGe Material." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 1877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081877.

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SiGe (Silicon Germanium) is a common semiconductor material with many excellent properties, and many photonic-integrated devices are designed and fabricated with SiGe material. In this paper, two photonic-integrated SiGe waveguides are researched, namely the SiGe-SOI (Silicon Germanium-Silicon-On-Insulator) waveguide and the SiGe-OI (Silicon Germanium-On-Insulator) waveguide. In order to verify which structure has the better waveguide performance, two waveguide structures are built, and the effective refractive indexes and the loss characteristics of the two waveguides are analyzed and compared. By simulation, the SiGe-OI optical waveguide has better losses characteristics at a wavelength of 1.55 μm. Finally, SiGe-OI and SiGe-SOI waveguides are fabricated and tested to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis, and the experimental results show that the transmission losses of the SiGe-OI waveguide are respectively decreased by 36.6% and 28.3% at 400 nm and 600 nm waveguide width in comparison with the SiGe-SOI waveguide. The results also show that the SiGe-OI waveguide has better loss characteristics than those of the SiGe-SOI waveguide at the low Ge content.

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Maruyama, Tamami, Koki Shibata, Masashi Nakatsugawa1, Yasuhiro Tamayama, Manabu Omiya, Tsunayuki Yamamoto, Takahiko Nakamura, et al. "Wireless Power Transmission Efficiency of Dipole Array Antenna using a Left-Handed Waveguide Slot Antenna as a Feeder." ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 21, no. 2 (August 25, 2022): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v21n2.410.

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This paper proposes to transform microwaves for snow melting, which slightly leaking from the slotted waveguide, into electric power using a wireless power transmission technique for effective use. A combination of left-handed and right-handed waveguides is a method to melt snow evenly over a large area using microwaves. The left-handed waveguide, however, has large loss because of stubs. In order to evaluate the effect of the left-handed waveguide’s loss, this paper analyzed the wireless power transmission efficiency when the left-handed waveguide with a slot was set as the power transmission part, and a dipole array was placed above the left-handed waveguide as a power reception unit. The wireless power transfer efficiency was calculated using kQ product from S-parameters that were obtained by using the method of moments. The results clarified that the sum of the maximum efficiencies of the arrayed dipoles could be made larger than the maximum efficiency of one dipole.

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Deng, Jian Qin, Wan Shun Jiang, and Yue Min Ning. "Analysis and Design of a Novel High-Power W-Band Spatial Multilayer Doubler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.529.

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A novel spatial multilayer doubler is proposed in the paper. It is designed by tray approach in rectangular waveguide. The doubler consists of multilayer multiplier circuits, which are parallel each other. Comparing with traditional single layer doubler, the spatial multilayer doubler has higher 1dB compression point, so the output power can be increased when input power is increased. Both the input port and the output port of the doubler are rectangular waveguides. In order to achieve the transition from rectangular waveguide to planar circuit, the finline and ridge are used. Multilayer finlines act as divider, which couple power from input rectangular waveguide. Otherwise, multilayer ridges act as combiner, which combine the harmonic power to output rectangular waveguider. The passive circuits of the spatial multilayer doubler are modeled and analyzed with FDTD method. From the results, we can see that the passive circuits designed in the paper have very low insertion loss.

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Liang, Zhi-Xun, Yun-Ying Shi, Qi-Ming Wu, Yun-Fei Yi, and Peng Tang. "Ultracompact Waveguide for an Optical Network-on-Chip with a Vacuum Gap Based on Surface Plasmon Polaritons." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 18, no. 5 (May 1, 2023): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2023.3421.

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In an optical network-on-chip, optical waveguides play a crucial role in transmitting optical signals. Therefore, it is essential for optical waveguides to have a compact size and low insertion loss. This paper proposes a new type of optical waveguide with a vacuum gap based on surface plasmon polaritons. By utilizing surface plasmon polariton technology, the proposed waveguide reduces scattering attenuation caused by hybrid surface plasmon polaritons, saves space in the network-on-chip, and enables the integration of more devices on the chip while maintaining an ultracompact size requirement. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations and comparisons are performed between a conventional Si waveguide and two types of surface plasmon polariton waveguides. The results demonstrate that the designed waveguide exhibits excellent confinement capabilities even when the waveguide width is only 100 nm, with an insertion loss of 0.32 dB/μm. The relevant waveguide parameters are studied and optimized, providing a theoretical basis for the development of ultracompact gap surface plasmon polariton waveguides.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Waveguide"

1

Fuhse, Christian. "X-ray waveguides and waveguide-based lensless imaging." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2006/fuhse.

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Lu, Junjie. "Modelling optical waveguide bends and applications to plasmon-polariton waveguides." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26516.

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Optical waveguide bends are key building blocks in many integrated optical components. Accurate numerical modelling of these bends is of great practical value to the design of the integrated optical technology. Analyzed in this thesis are the propagation characteristics of optical waveguide bends based on the method of lines (MoL), not only for its good numerical performances (accuracy, speed of computation and minimal memory requirements), but also for its high suitability for the analysis of waveguide structures. This thesis gives the detailed formulation for the calculation of the waveguide-bending radiation loss and the transition loss due to modal mismatch at the junctions. Besides, the 1D and 2D spatial field distribution algorithms are also covered in the formulation. The code based on the formulation has been implemented successfully. To validate the code, we applied it to three typical waveguide structures appearing in other literatures and compared the results. The comparison shows that our code works very well, and can be used not only for the lossless dielectric media, but also for the lossy media at the optical frequency. This thesis also explores the application of the developed code to metal waveguide bends. The numerical results of the propagation characteristics of the metal waveguide bends at the optical frequencies are presented for what is believed to be the first time.

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Huang, Xuefeng. "Ion implanted optical waveguides and laser ablated Bragg waveguide gratings." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364140.

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Kim, Jinkee. "Analysis of optical waveguide discontinuities and design of planar prisms in waveguides." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13878.

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Cockrell, Kevin L. "Understanding and utilizing waveguide invariant range-frequency striations in ocean acoustic waveguides." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65275.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), February 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-170).
Much of the recent research in ocean acoustics has focused on developing methods to exploit the effects that the sea surface and seafloor have on acoustic propagation. Many of those methods require detailed knowledge of the acoustic properties of the seafloor and the sound speed profile (SSP), which limits their applicability. The range-frequency waveguide invariant describes striations that often appear in plots of acoustic intensity versus range and frequency. These range-frequency striations have properties that depend strongly on the frequency of the acoustic source and on distance between the acoustic source and receiver, but that depend mildly on the SSP and seafloor properties. Because of this dependence, the waveguide invariant can be utilized for applications such as passive and active sonar, time-reversal mirrors, and array processing, even when the SSP or the seafloor properties are not well known. This thesis develops a framework for understanding and calculating the waveguide invariant, and uses that framework to develop signal processing techniques for the waveguide invariant. A method for passively estimating the range from an acoustic source to a receiver is developed, and tested on experimental data. Heuristics are developed to estimate the minimum source bandwidth and minimum horizontal aperture required for range estimation. A semi-analytic formula for the waveguide invariant is derived using WKB approximation along with a normal mode description of the acoustic field in a rangeindependent waveguide. This formula is applicable to waveguides with arbitrary SSPs, and reveals precisely how the SSP and the seafloor reflection coefficient affect the value of the waveguide invariant. Previous research has shown that the waveguide invariant range-frequency striations can be observed using a single hydrophone or a horizontal line array (HLA) of hydrophones. This thesis shows that traditional array processing techniques are sometimes inadequate for the purpose of observing range-frequency striations using a HLA. Array processing techniques designed specifically for observing range-frequency striations are developed and demonstrated. Finally, a relationship between the waveguide invariant and wavenumber integrations is derived, which may be useful for studying range-frequency striations in elastic environments such as ice-covered waveguides.
by Kevin L. Cockrell.
Ph.D.

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6

Midgley, Stuart. "Quantum waveguide theory." University of Western Australia. School of Physics, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0036.

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The study of nano-electronic devices is fundamental to the advancement of the semiconductor industry. As electronic devices become increasingly smaller, they will eventually move into a regime where the classical nature of the electrons no longer applies. As the quantum nature of the electrons becomes increasingly important, classical or semiclassical theories and methods will no longer serve their purpose. For example, the simplest non-classical effect that will occur is the tunnelling of electrons through the potential barriers that form wires and transistors. This results in an increase in noise and a reduction in the device?s ability to function correctly. Other quantum effects include coulomb blockade, resonant tunnelling, interference and diffraction, coulomb drag, resonant blockade and the list goes on. This thesis develops both a theoretical model and computational method to allow nanoelectronic devices to be studied in detail. Through the use of computer code and an appropriate model description, potential problems and new novel devices may be identified and studied. The model is as accurate to the physical realisation of the devices as possible to allow direct comparison with experimental outcomes. Using simple geometric shapes of varying potential heights, simple devices are readily accessible: quantum wires; quantum transistors; resonant cavities; and coupled quantum wires. Such devices will form the building blocks of future complex devices and thus need to be fully understood. Results obtained studying the connection of a quantum wire with its surroundings demonstrate non-intuitive behaviour and the importance of device geometry to electrical characteristics. The application of magnetic fields to various nano-devices produced a range of interesting phenomenon with promising novel applications. The magnetic field can be used to alter the phase of the electron, modifying the interaction between the electronic potential and the transport electrons. This thesis studies in detail the Aharonov-Bohm oscillation and impurity characterisation in quantum wires. By studying various devices considerable information can be added to the knowledge base of nano-electronic devices and provide a basis to further research. The computational algorithms developed in this thesis are highly accurate, numerically efficient and unconditionally stable, which can also be used to study many other physical phenomena in the quantum world. As an example, the computational algorithms were applied to positron-hydrogen scattering with the results indicating positronium formation.

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Bain, Fiona Mair. "Yb:tungstate waveguide lasers." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1698.

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Lasers find a wide range of applications in many areas including photo-biology, photo-chemistry, materials processing, imaging and telecommunications. However, the practical use of such sources is often limited by the bulky nature of existing systems. By fabricating channel waveguides in solid-state laser-gain materials more compact laser systems can be designed and fabricated, providing user-friendly sources. Other advantages inherent in the use of waveguide gain media include the maintenance of high intensities over extended interaction lengths, reducing laser thresholds. This thesis presents the development of Yb:tungstate lasers operating around 1μm in waveguide geometries. An Yb:KY(WO₄)₂ planar waveguide laser grown by liquid phase epitaxy is demonstrated with output powers up to 190 mW and 76 % slope efficiency. This is similar to the performance from bulk lasers but in a very compact design. Excellent thresholds of only 40 mW absorbed pump power are realised. The propagation loss is found to be less than 0.1 dBcm⁻¹ and Q-switched operation is also demonstrated. Channel waveguides are fabricated in Yb:KGd(WO₄)₂ and Yb:KY(WO₄)₂ using ultrafast laser inscription. Several of these waveguides lase in compact monolithic cavities. A maximum output power of 18.6 mW is observed, with a propagation loss of ~2 dBcm⁻¹. By using a variety of writing conditions the optimum writing pulse energy is identified. Micro-spectroscopy experiments are performed to enable a fuller understanding of the induced crystal modification. Observations include frequency shifts of Raman lines which are attributed to densification of WO₂W bonds in the crystal. Yb:tungstate lasers can generate ultrashort pulses and some preliminary work is done to investigate the use of quantum dot devices as saturable absorbers. These are shown to have reduced saturation fluence compared to quantum well devices, making them particularly suitable for future integration with Yb:tungstate waveguides for the creation of ultrafast, compact and high repetition rate lasers.

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Tan, Shunyi. "Holographic waveguide display." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610434.

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Choudhary, Amol. "Ultrafast waveguide lasers." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/362084/.

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Mode-locked lasers with repetition-rates in excess of 1 GHz have many applications in areas such as optical sampling, non-linear microscopy, and optical frequency metrology. To date there have been very few demonstrations of such high repetition-rate lasers with sub-picosecond operation and high average power. This thesis deals with the realisation of such compact sources using an integrated-optics platform. Waveguides offer certain key advantages, including a low threshold power, high slope efficiency, compatibility with monolithic devices, and a low mode-locking threshold, making them very promising candidates for such devices. Ultrafast multi-GHz waveguide lasers are described in this thesis, which are compact, mass-producible and low-cost making them very exciting candidates for industrial applications. Mode-locking was demonstrated in an ion-exchanged Yb:phosphate glass waveguide laser with integrated saturable absorber elements. An average output power as high as 80 mW was achieved at a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 4.9 GHz, at a wavelength around 1 m and with pulse durations as short as 740 fs. Using shorter cavity lengths, waveguide lasers with PRFs of 10.4 GHz, 12 GHz and 15.2 GHz were achieved with pulse durations between 757 fs and 824 fs. A Gires Tournois Interferometer (GTI) effect was used to facilitate soliton mode-locking in the waveguides via accurate control of the gap between the waveguide and the output coupling mirror. This is a convenient technique to control the dispersion without introducing any extra elements in the laser cavity. Two further Yb-doped ultrafast laser hosts, RbTiOPO4 and KY(WO4)2, were investigated for their potential as ultrafast waveguide laser sources, having both been previously demonstrated as good bulk ultrafast systems. Laser action was demonstrated for the first time in an (Yb,Nb):RbTiOPO4 planar waveguide laser, fabricated by liquid-phase epitaxy. Ion-beam milling was then used to fabricate the first ever single-mode rib waveguides in (Yb,Nb):RbTiOPO4 fabricated by dry etching techniques but laser action was not possible due to propagation losses of ~3dB/cm. A systematic study of the reactive ion etching of RbTiOPO4 was then carried out to minimise the surface roughness, in an attempt to reduce the propagation losses. The first ever demonstration of single-mode waveguiding in (Yb,Nb):RbTiOPO4 fabricated by reactive ion etching was demonstrated but the propagation losses remained high. Using (Yb,Gd,Lu):KY(WO4)2 as a gain media, efficient laser action was demonstrated in an “inverted-rib” waveguide laser structure fabricated by ion-beam milling. This laser was found to have a threshold power as low as 13 mW and a maximum slope efficiency of 58% and showed characteristics of a pure 3-levellaser by lasing at 981 nm. However, further loss reduction is again required in order for efficient ultrafast operation to be obtained in the future. Mode-locked waveguide laser operation was extended to the 1.5μm spectral region based on an ionexchanged Er,Yb:phosphate glass waveguide laser using a novel SESAM based on a quantum dot in well (DWELL) structure. 2.5 ps pulses at a PRF of 4.8 GHz and an average output power of 9 mW were achieved. With a shorter waveguide sample, a PRF of 6.8 GHz with an average output power of 30 mW and pulse duration of 5.4 ps was achieved. The repetition-rate of the laser was finely tuned by controlling the pump power offering an attractive technique for enabling future frequency-comb stabilisation. This is the highest reported repetition-rate from a mode-locked waveguide laser at 1.5 m and is also the first ever waveguide laser mode-locked by a quantum dot SESAM. Finally, as an intitial step towards further extension to the 2μm spectral region, laser action was demonstrated, for the first time, in an ion-exchanged Tm:glass waveguide laser with a threshold power as low as 44 mW and a maximum slope efficiency of 6.8% around 1.9 m. Designs for power-scaling of such sources have also been discussed in this thesis.

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Hettrick, Simon James. "Tapered waveguide lasers." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/15471/.

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The work reported in this thesis concerns the design and fabrication of tapered waveguide lasers to allow efficient, high-power diode-pumping and produce diffraction-limited, near-symmetrical output, whilst maintaining a monolithic design compatible with integrated optical circuits. The design rules required for efficient operation of a tapered waveguide are derived, and applied to the fabrication of tapered waveguides by thermal ion exchange (TIE) in Nd-doped borosilicate glass. Ti:sapphire pumped laser operation of these waveguides indicates efficient (40%) and low-loss (0:2dBcm-1) operation, comparable to that of a channel waveguide fabricated within the same substrate. Parabolic and linear taper shapes are compared, and the linear shape is found to provide superior operation at wide taper expansions (up to 250μm, over a length of ~ 22mm), and hence is more suited to end-pumping with multi-watt broad-stripe-diodes. Broad-stripe-diode end-pumping is also investigated, and the laser performance is characterised, indicating a need to control the refractive index profile to maximise the overlap of the multimode-pump and single-mode laser. Field-assisted ion exchange is therefore investigated to improve the overlap of the diode-pump and laser modes in a tapered waveguide. Waveguides produced by this technique are shown to exhibit the desired step-like index profile, but require further optimisation to improve the laser performance. Low-loss (0:1dBcm-11) operation of a tapered waveguide laser is reported in a hybrid Nd-doped/undoped borosilicate glass. The hybrid glass is proposed as a useful substrate for reducing the quasi-3-level reabsorption loss of Yb3+-doped lasers. As an initial step towards this goal, channel waveguides are fabricated in standard Yb3+-doped phosphate glass, which exhibit efficient (50-75%) and moderate-loss (0:6dBcm-1) laser operation. The design requirements for a power scalable diode-side-pumped tapered waveguide laser are also investigated, and YVO4 is proposed as a suitable substrate material due to its high absorption coefficient. The indiffusion of Nd, Gd and Ti is characterised for the first time, and the fabrication of the first Nd-indiffused waveguide in YVO4 is reported.

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Books on the topic "Waveguide"

1

Weisenbach, Lori. Waveguides and waveguide materials. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1996.

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Marsh, John H., and Richard M. Rue, eds. Waveguide Optoelectronics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7.

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NATO, Advanced Study Institute on Waveguide Optoelectronics (1990 Glasgow Scotland). Waveguide optoelectronics. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1992.

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Marsh, John H. Waveguide Optoelectronics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992.

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5

Marcuvitz, Nathan. Waveguide handbook. London, UK: P. Peregrinus on behalf of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1986.

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Engineers, Institution of Electrical, ed. Waveguide handbook. London: Peregrinus on behalf of The Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1986.

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Ponchak, George E. A new rectangular waveguide to coplanar waveguide transition. [Washington, D.C.]: NASA, 1990.

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Shestopalov, Yury, Yury Smirnov, and Eugene Smolkin. Optical Waveguide Theory. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0584-1.

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Optical waveguide analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992.

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Optical waveguide concepts. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Waveguide"

1

Wang, Xianping, Cheng Yin, and Zhuangqi Cao. "Periodic Waveguides and MQW Waveguide." In Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, 43–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48984-0_3.

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Weik, Martin H. "waveguide." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1911. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_21014.

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Rue, Richard M. "Materials for Waveguide Optoelectronics." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 1–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_1.

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4

Wakao, Kiyohide. "Optoelectronic and Photonic Integrated Circuits." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 205–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_10.

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Haus, Hermann A. "Nonlinear Optics." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 225–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_11.

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Byron, Kevin C. "Optical Fibre Amplifiers." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 289–326. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_12.

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Fujimoto, James G. "Femtosecond Techniques for the Characterization of Nonlinear and Linear Properties of Waveguide Devices and Studies of All Optical Switching." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 327–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_13.

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Sohler, Wolfgang. "Rare Earth Doped LiNbO3 Waveguide Amplifiers and Lasers." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 361–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_14.

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Marsh, John H., and Richard M. Rue. "Abstracts from Poster Session." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 395–411. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_15.

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Baets, R., P. Kaczmarski, and P. Vankwikelberge. "Design and Modelling of Passive and Active Optical Waveguide Devices." In Waveguide Optoelectronics, 21–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1834-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Waveguide"

1

Gibbs, H. M., M. Warren, W. Gibbons, K. Komatsu, D. Sarid, D. Hendricks, and M. Sugimoto. "Electronic Optical Bistability in a GaAs/AlGaAs Strip-Loaded Waveguide." In Optical Bistability. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/obi.1988.wd.1.

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Previously reported work on optical waveguide bistability in GaAs/AlGaAs has included thermally induced dispersive and increasing-absorption bistability in a slab waveguide1 and increasing-absorption bistability utilizing the self-electro-optic effect in a slab waveguide.2 A more recent report claimed observation of optical switching and dispersive bistability of electronic origin in strain-induced channel waveguides.3 We report here an unambiguous observation of optical bistability of electronic origin in multiple-quantum-well (MQW) strip-loaded waveguides formed by reactive ion etching.

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Okamoto, K., and H. Takahashi. "Arrayed-waveguide grating multiplexers." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.mp.2.

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The arrayed-waveguide grating consists of input/output waveguides, two focusing concave slab waveguide regions and a phase-array of multiple channel waveguides with the path length difference ΔL between the adjacent waveguides. The light beam from the input waveguide radiates to the slab waveguide and then couples into the arrayed channel waveguides. After travelling through the arrayed waveguides, the light converges to a focal point in the second slab region where the output waveguides are located.

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Moss, D., F. Ouellette, M. Faith, P. Leech, P. Kemeny, M. Ibsen, O. Leistiko, C. V. Poulsen, J. D. Love, and F. J. Ladouceur. "All Optically Written Planar Germanosilicate Waveguide Gratings." In Photosensitivity and Quadratic Nonlinearity in Glass Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pqn.1995.sub.8.

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Photo-induced index changes in germanosilicate glass is a well known effect and has provided the basis for much recent activity on photoinduced refractive index gratings in fibres1. Since then, very large (>10-3) index changes in hydrogen loaded waveguide structures have been observed and used as the basis for patterning channel waveguides2 and directional couplers3. Recently, we have demonstrated waveguide structures patterned in PECVD grown material without the aid of hydrogen loading4,5, and in this paper we report the fabrication of all optically patterned buried waveguide grating structures, again without the aid of hydrogen loading. This demonstrates that the achievable index changes (without hydrogen loading) in this material is large enough to simultaneously support both waveguide and grating structures. The elimination of hydrogen loading is an important practical issue because, unlike fibres, planar waveguides need anomalously large overcladding layers to prevent rapid out diffusion of hydrogen during writing.

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Hickey, L. M. B., G. R. Quigley, J. S. Wilkinson, E. G. Moya, F. Moya, and C. Grattepain. "Ti-diffusion in sapphire for active and passive waveguide devices." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cthf3.

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Interest in aluminium oxide as a material for integrated optic devices is increasing. Recent successes include the realisation of amplification in Er doped A12O3 waveguides deposited on Si/SiO2 substrate1 and miniature Ti:sapphire lasers in both epitaxially grown slab waveguides2 and thermally diffused channel waveguides3.

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Sanford, N. A., K. J. Malone, J. A. Aust, and D. R. Larson. "Rare-earth-doped waveguide devices." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.tuj1.

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Rare-earth-doped integrated optic waveguide lasers have been demonstrated in glass, LiNbO3, and other host materials. This technology offers a variety of new components that include diode-pumped amplifiers and lasers. The planar geometry is particularly attractive because selective doping permits the integration of passive and active devices on the same substrate and it is also compatible with pumping by laser diodes. Ion exchanged channel waveguides have been demonstrated to lase near 1060 nm and 1320 nm in Nd-doped silicate and Nd-doped phosphate glass, respectively. Nd-doped waveguide lasers have also been fabricated by chemical vapor deposition; Er-doped waveguide lasers have been similarly fabricated. Y-branch splitters with gain at 1060 nm have been reported in Nd-doped silicate glass waveguides. Ion implantation has been used to form waveguides in Nd-doped YAG and Nd-doped GGG. Nd and Er-doped LiNbO3 waveguide lasers operating near 1060 nm and 1550 nm, respectively, have also been reported. Attempts have been made to demonstrate visible upconversion lasing in Er-doped LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 waveguides. We will review the status of this technology and also highlight some of the more promising applications.

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Chiang, H. Kenny, Christopher J. Summers, and Richard P. Kenan. "Novel optical waveguide beam steering device." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.mtt5.

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We present a new optical waveguide beam steering device, consisting of a pair of asynchronous waveguides. The asynchronous operation prevents coupling between the two waveguides but results in a phase delay between them. Using this effect, the output light can be steered in the far field by varying the phase delay. Analyses of the beam steering device shows that the separation between the waveguides should be small, and the light confinement in the two waveguides should be weak, but the waveguides should not be coupled. For these considerations, a device with a steering angle of up to 20°, with side lobe intensities 10 dB below the main lobe was designed. Far field analysis is valid here for distances >100 μm from the end of the device. For uses in all-optical switching, the proposed device geometry consists of AlGaAs multiple quantum well nonlinear waveguide and an AlGaAs linear waveguide. The refractive index of the nonlinear guide is modulated by an external controlling light beam. The induced phase difference between the two waveguiding modes results in the steering of the output light, which is collected by fiber waveguides in the far field.

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Choi, Moo-Jin, Kyoung-Sun Seo, Young-Hyun Jin, and Young-Ho Cho. "Micromechanical Behavior and Optical Characteristics of a Free-Standing Polymer Waveguide." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1073.

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Abstract This paper presents an experimental characterization of the microoptomechanical behavior of a mechanically deflected free-standing polymer waveguide. We evaluate the total optical loss of the mechanically deflected waveguide, considering propagation loss, input/output coupling loss and mechanical bending loss. For the experimental evaluation of the total optical loss, we design and fabricate three different sets of waveguide structures: the straight waveguides for propagation and coupling loss measurement; the curved waveguides for curvature loss measurement; the suspended waveguides for mechanical bending loss measurement. From the straight waveguides, we have measured the propagation loss of 5.4±1.1dB/cm and the coupling loss of 5.3±2.4dB, respectively. We have measured the curvature loss of ±4dB/rad for the curved waveguides having the radius of curvature in the range of 200–2,000μm. From the waveguide bending test, we have measured the elastic limit and the failure strength of the polymer waveguide as 5±1MPa and 23±8MPa, respectively. We also find that the mechanical bending loss is rapidly increased to 12–25dB for the waveguide deflection beyond the elastic region. The rapid increase of the mechanical bending loss in the large deflection region is due to the abrupt change of propagation angles as well as the mechanical defect generated in the waveguides.

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Matsumoto, Masayuki. "Analysis of channel-waveguide grating output couplers." In Integrated Photonics Research. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.wc1.

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Recently channel-waveguide grating couplers with finite waveguide width have been fabricated for use in hybrid optoelectronic integrated circuits.1 For the quantitative analysis and design of such channel-waveguide grating devices,1,2 we need to develop analysis methods for three-dimensional periodic waveguides.

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Kagami, Hibiki, Tomohiro Amemiya, Sho Okada, Yahui Wang, Nobuhiko Nishiyama, and Xiao Hu. "Mode-selective band-tuned topological waveguide." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jw3b.189.

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A mode-selective topological waveguide has been proposed. By performing appropriate band tuning in two photonic structures that comprise topological waveguides, we can realize topological waveguides which allow optical vortex modes with a specific charge numbers.

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Doyle, Aidan, and Brian D. MacCraith. "Optical Waveguide Chemical Sensors Using Grating Coupling." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cfj6.

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There is an increasing need for reliable, repeatable gas/aqueous phase chemical sensors in many industrial, medical and environmental applications. Much work at present is being done in the area of sol-gel sensing and more specifically planar waveguide based chemical sensors. This form of chemical sensor utilises evanescent wave sensing. One of the key issues in this configuration is the coupling mechanism into the waveguide. Many groups have reported the fabrication of sensor platforms, which contain low loss planar waveguides along with a variety of techniques. Prism coupling is a popular mechanism for launching light into a waveguide. However, bulky optics and precise beam alignment can lead to lack of repeatability. Another mechanism commonly used to launch light into a waveguide is grating coupling. Many different fabrication processes are used to produce grating couplers on the surface of waveguides. The technique used in this work was the embossing procedure.

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Reports on the topic "Waveguide"

1

Muhlestein, Michael, and Carl Hart. Numerical analysis of weak acoustic shocks in aperiodic array of rigid scatterers. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38579.

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Nonlinear propagation of shock waves through periodic structures have the potential to exhibit interesting phenomena. Frequency content of the shock that lies within a bandgap of the periodic structure is strongly attenuated, but nonlinear frequency-frequency interactions pumps energy back into those bands. To investigate the relative importance of these propagation phenomena, numerical experiments using the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov (KZK) equation are carried out. Two-dimensional propagation through a periodic array of rectangular waveguides is per-formed by iteratively using the output of one waveguide as the input for the next waveguide. Comparison of the evolution of the initial shock wave for both the linear and nonlinear cases is presented.

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Huting, William A. Rectangular-to-Circular Waveguide Transitions for High-Power Circular Overmoded Waveguides. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada213925.

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Sun, Ding. Dimension Data of Coax-Waveguide Couplers and Waveguide Terminators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1985110.

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Jau, Yuan-Yu. Microfabricated Waveguide Atom Traps. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1396077.

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Yeh, C., J. Chu, and F. I. Shimabukuro. Dielectric Ribbon Waveguide-An Optimum Configuration for Ultralow-Loss Millimeter/Submillimeter Dielectric Waveguide. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada252393.

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Herrin, Eugene, Tae Sung Kim, and Brian Stump. Evidence for an Infrasound Waveguide. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440255.

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Carson, R. F., M. A. Butler, and M. B. Sinclair. Optical waveguide tamper sensor technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/461289.

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Aye, Tin M. Holographic Waveguide Array Rollable Display. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada325770.

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Yee, Sinclair, and Kelin Kuhn. Quantum Well Optical Waveguide Modulators. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada265421.

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Lay, Thorne. Waveguide Controls on Regional Waves. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada380954.

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