Academic literature on the topic 'Wave energy absorption'

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Journal articles on the topic "Wave energy absorption"

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Gao, Hong, and Zhiheng Wang. "Hydrodynamic Response Analysis and Wave Energy Absorption of Wave Energy Converters in Regular Waves." Marine Technology Society Journal 51, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.51.1.7.

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AbstractThe hydrodynamic response and the energy capture analysis of wave energy converters (WECs) with three degrees of freedom are conducted using a frequency domain approach. Considering the coupled hydrodynamic coefficients between surge and pitch, motion responses in surge, heave, and pitch are solved for the WECs. The power take-off (PTO) damping is taken as a linear function of the velocity. The power absorption and the absorption efficiency in surge, heave, and pitch are analyzed and compared. The effects of the geometry, diameter, draft, center of gravity position, and PTO damping on the hydrodynamic response, the power absorption, and the absorption efficiency of WECs are investigated. A cylinder, a halfsphere cylinder, and a cone cylinder are examined. From the total power absorption and the efficiency, the cone is the optimum geometry. For the cylinder, the power absorption in heave increases obviously with the increase of the diameter or the draft in a certain range. For the cone, the effect of diameter and draft on the power absorption in heave is relatively small. The cone has a better ability to absorb power in surge and pitch with an intermediate draft and diameter, and the power absorption peak in pitch decreases as Zg increases. The center of gravity position has no effect on the hydrodynamic response and the power absorption in heave. For a cylinder, the optimal PTO damping in heave is higher than that in pitch and surge. The optimum frequency in heave is lower than that in pitch and surge.
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Nakamura, Shoichi, and Shigeru Naito. "IV-3 Wave energy absorption of irregular waves." Ocean Engineering 12, no. 6 (January 1985): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-8018(85)90050-2.

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Verao Fernandez, Gael, Vasiliki Stratigaki, Panagiotis Vasarmidis, Philip Balitsky, and Peter Troch. "Wake Effect Assessment in Long- and Short-Crested Seas of Heaving-Point Absorber and Oscillating Wave Surge WEC Arrays." Water 11, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061126.

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In the recent years, the potential impact of wave energy converter (WEC) arrays on the surrounding wave field has been studied using both phase-averaging and phase-resolving wave propagation models. Obtaining understanding of this impact is important because it may affect other users in the sea or on the coastline. However, in these models a parametrization of the WEC power absorption is often adopted. This may lead to an overestimation or underestimation of the overall WEC array power absorption, and thus to an unrealistic estimation of the potential WEC array impact. WEC array power absorption is a result of energy extraction from the incoming waves, and thus wave height decrease is generally observed downwave at large distances (the so-called “wake” or “far-field” effects). Moreover, the power absorption depends on the mutual interactions between the WECs of an array (the so-called “near field” effects). To deal with the limitations posed by wave propagation models, coupled models of recent years, which are nesting wave-structure interaction solvers into wave propagation models, have been used. Wave-structure interaction solvers can generally provide detailed hydrodynamic information around the WECs and a more realistic representation of wave power absorption. Coupled models have shown a lower WEC array impact in terms of wake effects compared to wave propagation models. However, all studies to date in which coupled models are employed have been performed using idealized long-crested waves. Ocean waves propagate with a certain directional spreading that affects the redistribution of wave energy in the lee of WEC arrays, and thus gaining insight wake effect for irregular short-crested sea states is crucial. In our research, a new methodology is introduced for the assessment of WEC array wake effects for realistic sea states. A coupled model is developed between the wave-structure interaction solver NEMOH and the wave propagation model MILDwave. A parametric study is performed showing a comparison between WEC array wake effects for regular, long-crested irregular, and short-crested irregular waves. For this investigation, a nine heaving-point absorber array is used for which the wave height reduction is found to be up to 8% lower at 1.0 km downwave the WEC array when changing from long-crested to short-crested irregular waves. Also, an oscillating wave surge WEC array is simulated and the overestimation of the wake effects in this case is up to 5%. These differences in wake effects between different wave types indicates the need to consider short-crested irregular waves to avoid overestimating the WEC array potential impacts. The MILDwave-NEMOH coupled model has proven to be a reliable numerical tool, with an efficient computational effort for simulating the wake effects of two different WEC arrays under the action of a range of different sea states.
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Troch, Peter, Charlotte Beels, Julien De Rouck, and Griet De Backer. "WAKE EFFECTS BEHIND A FARM OF WAVE ENERGY CONVERTERS FOR IRREGULAR LONG-CRESTED AND SHORT-CRESTED WAVES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (February 1, 2011): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.waves.53.

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The contribution of wave energy to the renewable energy supply is rising. To extract a considerable amount of wave power, Wave Energy Converters (WECs) are arranged in several rows or in a ’farm’. WECs in a farm are interacting (e.g. the presence of other WECs influence the operational behaviour of a single WEC) and the overall power absorption is affected. In this paper wake effects in the lee of a single WEC and multiple WECs of the overtopping type, where the water volume of overtopped waves is first captured in a basin above mean sea level and then drains back to the sea through hydro turbines, are studied using the time-dependent mild-slope equation model MILDwave. The wake behind a single WEC is investigated for long-crested and short-crested incident waves. The wake becomes wider for larger wave peak periods. An increasing directional spreading results in a faster wave regeneration and a shorter wake behind the WEC. The wake in the lee of multiple WECs is calculated for two different farm lay-outs, i.e. an aligned grid and a staggered grid, with varying lateral and longitudinal spacing. The wave power redistribution in and behind each farm lay-out is studied in detail using MILDwave. In general, the staggered grid results in the highest overall wave power absorption.
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Ancellin, Matthieu, Marlène Dong, Philippe Jean, and Frédéric Dias. "Far-Field Maximal Power Absorption of a Bulging Cylindrical Wave Energy Converter." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 20, 2020): 5499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205499.

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The maximal power that is absorbed by a wave energy converter can be estimated from the far-field behavior of the waves that are radiated by the device. For realistic estimates, constraints must be used to enforce restrictions on the set of admissible motions when deriving the maximal absorption width. This work is dedicated to the numerical computation of the maximal absorption width under constraints for devices with several non-trivial degrees of freedom. In particular, the method is applied to a model of SBM Offshore’s S3 wave energy converter, a bulging horizontal cylinder. The results are compared with a more classical approach, which consists of computing the linear dynamic response of the wave energy converter interacting with the waves. The far-field maximal absorption width can be seen as an upper bound to evaluate what would be the power captured by a perfect control strategy. The method also shows that the absorption width of the S3 wave energy converter is larger for wavelengths that are smaller than the device length. In practice, this means that S3 wave energy converters will be longer than the maximal wavelength to be captured on the targeted production site.
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Smith, Warren R. "Wave–structure interactions for the distensible tube wave energy converter." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, no. 2192 (August 2016): 20160160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0160.

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A comprehensive linear mathematical model is constructed to address the open problem of the radiated wave for the distensible tube wave energy converter. This device, full of sea water and located just below the surface of the sea, undergoes a complex interaction with the waves running along its length. The result is a bulge wave in the tube which, providing certain criteria are met, grows in amplitude and captures the wave energy through the power take-off mechanism. Successful optimization of the device means capturing the energy from a much larger width of the sea waves (capture width). To achieve this, the complex interaction between the incident gravity waves, radiated waves and bulge waves is investigated. The new results establish the dependence of the capture width on absorption of the incident wave, energy loss owing to work done on the tube, imperfect tuning and the radiated wave. The new results reveal also that the wave–structure interactions govern the amplitude, phase, attenuation and wavenumber of the transient bulge wave. These predictions compare well with experimental observations.
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Kurniawan, A., J. R. Chaplin, D. M. Greaves, and M. Hann. "Wave energy absorption by a floating air bag." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 812 (December 28, 2016): 294–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.811.

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A floating air bag, ballasted in water, expands and contracts as it heaves under wave action. Connecting the bag to a secondary volume via a turbine transforms the bag into a device capable of generating useful energy from the waves. Small-scale measurements of the device reveal some interesting properties, which are successfully predicted numerically. Owing to its compressibility, the device can have a heave resonance period longer than that of a rigid device of the same shape and size, without any phase control. Furthermore, varying the amount of air in the bag is found to change its shape and hence its dynamic response, while varying the turbine damping or the air volume ratio changes the dynamic response without changing the shape.
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Usha, T. "Power absorption by thin wave energy devices." Applied Mathematical Modelling 14, no. 6 (June 1990): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-904x(90)90085-j.

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Anbarsooz, M., H. Rashki, and A. Ghasemi. "Numerical investigation of front-wall inclination effects on the hydrodynamic performance of a fixed oscillation water column wave energy converter." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 233, no. 2 (June 18, 2018): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650918783122.

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One of the main geometrical parameters of the fixed oscillating water column wave energy converters is the inclination angle of front wall. In this study, the effects of this parameter on the hydrodynamic performance of an oscillating water column is investigated using a fully nonlinear two-dimensional numerical wave tank, which is developed using the Ansys Fluent 15.0 commercial software. The accuracy of the developed wave tank is first examined by simulating an oscillating water column, having a front wall normal to the water-free surface, subjected to linear, small amplitude incident waves. The resultant absorption efficiencies are compared with available analytical data in the literature, where a good agreement was observed. Next, the simulations are performed for strongly nonlinear waves, up to the wave steepness of 0.069 ( H/L = 0.069), where H is the wave height and L is the wave length. Results show that the absorption efficiency of the oscillating water column decreases considerably as the wave height increases. Moreover, the maximum wave energy absorption efficiency for the highly nonlinear waves occurs at a pneumatic damping coefficient lower than that of the linear theory. Then, the absorption efficiency of the oscillating water column is determined for eight various front wall configurations at various incident wave periods. Results show that, the front walls that are slightly bent towards the inner region of the oscillating water column chamber are more efficient at some wave periods in comparison with the cases studied in this paper.
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Gkaraklova, Sofia, Pavlos Chotzoglou, and Eva Loukogeorgaki. "Frequency-Based Performance Analysis of an Array of Wave Energy Converters around a Hybrid Wind–Wave Monopile Support Structure." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010002.

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In this paper, we investigate, in the frequency domain, the performance (hydrodynamic behavior and power absorption) of a circular array of four semi-immersed heaving Wave Energy Converters (WECs) around a hybrid wind–wave monopile (circular cylinder). The diffraction/radiation problem is solved by deploying the conventional boundary integral equation method. Oblate-spheroidal and hemispherical-shaped WECs are considered. For each geometry, we assess the effect of the array’s net radial distance from the monopile and of the incident wave direction on the array’s performance under regular waves. The results illustrate that by placing the oblate spheroidal WECs close to the monopile, the array’s power absorption ability is enhanced in the low frequency range, while the opposite occurs for higher wave frequencies. For hemispherical-shaped WECs, the array’s power absorption ability is improved when the devices are situated close to the monopile. The action of oblique waves, with respect to the WECs’ arrangement, increases the absorbed power in the case of oblate spheroidal WECs, while these WECs show the best power absorption ability among the two examined geometries. Finally, for the most efficient array configuration, consisting of oblate spheroidal WECs situated close to the monopile, we utilize an “active” Power Take-Off (PTO) mechanism, facilitating the consideration of a variable with frequency PTO damping coefficient. By deploying this mechanism, the power absorption ability of the array is significantly enhanced under both regular and irregular waves.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wave energy absorption"

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Smith, Robert H. "Energy absorption of sine wave beams subjected to axial impact loading." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1181251105/.

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Mariani, A. "WAVE ENERGY FLUX AND ABSORPTION OF ELECTRON CYCLOTRON GAUSSIAN BEAMS IN TOKAMAK PLASMAS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/231161.

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In this thesis some theoretical problems related to the propagation and absorption of Electron Cyclotron Gaussian beams in tokamak plasmas of interest for nuclear fusion applications are investigated. To account for diffraction effects, beam propagation is analyzed in the framework of the complex eikonal method, a generalization of geometrical optics in which the phase function is assumed to be complex valued, with the non-negative imaginary part accounting for the finite width of the beam cross section. Within this framework, the solution at the dominant order in the expansion parameter is well-known, and the wave beam is modeled as a bundle of “extended rays”. The derivation of the transport equation for the field amplitude is much more complicated with respect to the standard geometrical optics one, hampering the derivation of the wave energy flux. In this work, an argument is proposed that greatly simplifies the analysis of the transport equation allowing us to derive the wave energy flux. This result, not available in the literature in the case of beam propagation in anisotropic media like magnetized plasmas, has been obtained in collaboration with O. Maj (IPP, Garching, Germany), and published on Physics of Plasmas. The effects of the finite beam width on the Electron Cyclotron resonant interaction have been described with a model that takes into account the transverse wave vector spectrum width and the non-uniformity of the equilibrium magnetic field. The model has been implemented in a modified version of the GRAY code [D. Farina, Fusion Sci. Technol. 52, 154 (2007)]. The differences between the power absorption profi les obtained using this model and the “plane wave” one are illustrated numerically in ITER conditions and are found to be small for realistic cases, thus justifying the use of the usual model for practical purposes.
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Hai, Ling. "Modelling Wave Power by Equivalent Circuit Theory." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265270.

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The motion of ocean waves can be captured and converted into usable electricity. This indicates that wave power has the potential to supply electricity to grids like wind or solar power. A point absorbing wave energy converter (WEC) system has been developed for power production at Uppsala University. This system contains a semi-submerged buoy on the water surface driving a linear synchronous generator placed on the seabed. The concept is to connect many small units together, to form a wave farm for large-scale electricity generation. A lot of effort has gone into researching how to enhance the power absorption from each WEC unit. These improvements are normally done separately for the buoy, the generator or the electrical system, due to the fact that modelling the dynamic behavior of the entire WEC system is complicated and time consuming. Therefore, a quick, yet simple, assessment tool is needed.  This thesis focuses on studying the use of the equivalent circuit as a WEC system modelling tool. Based on the force analysis, the physical elements in an actual WEC system can be converted into electrical components. The interactions between the regular waves, the buoy, and the Power Take-off mechanism can be simulated together in one circuit network. WEC performance indicators like the velocity, the force, and the power can be simulated directly from the circuit model. Furthermore, the annual absorbed electric energy can be estimated if the wave data statistics are known. The linear and non-linear equivalent circuit models developed in this thesis have been validated with full scale offshore experimental results. Comparisons indicate that the simplest linear circuit can predict the absorbed power reasonably well, while it is not so accurate in estimating the peak force in the connection line. The non-linear circuit model generates better estimations in both cases. To encourage researchers from different backgrounds to adapt and apply the circuit model, an instruction on how to establish a non-linear equivalent circuit model is supplied, as well as on how to apply the model to accelerate the decision making process when planning a WEC system.
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Brendmo, Arne. "An investigation of wave-energy absorption by single and double oscillating water-column converters." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for fysikk, 1995. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14721.

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Castellucci, Valeria. "Sea Level Compensation System for Wave Energy Converters." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295603.

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The wave energy converter developed at Uppsala University consists of a linear generator at the seabed driven by the motion of a buoy on the water surface. The energy absorbed by the generator is negatively affected by variations of the mean sea level caused by tides, changes in barometric pressure, strong winds, and storm surges. The work presented in this doctoral thesis aims to investigate the losses in energy absorption for the present generation wave energy converter due to the effect of sea level variations, mainly caused by tides. This goal is achieved through the modeling of the interaction between the waves and the point absorber. An estimation of the economic cost that these losses imply is also made. Moreover, solutions on how to reduce the negative effect of sea level variations are discussed. To this end, two compensation systems which adjust the length of the connection line between the floater and the generator are designed, and the first prototype is built and tested near the Lysekil research site. The theoretical study assesses the energy loss at about 400 coastal points all over the world and for one generator design. The results highlight critical locations where the need for a compensation system appears compelling. The same hydro-mechanic model is applied to a specific site, the Wave Hub on the west coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom, where the energy loss is calculated to be about 53 %. The experimental work led to the construction of a buoy equipped with a screw jack together with its control, measurement and communication systems. The prototype, suitable for sea level variations of small range, is tested and its performance evaluated. A second prototype, suitable for high range variations, is also designed and is currently under construction. One main conclusion is that including the compensation systems in the design of the wave energy converter will increase the competitiveness of the technology from an economic point of view by decreasing its cost per kWh. The need for a cost-effective wave energy converter with increased survivability emphasizes the importance of the presented research and its future development.
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Li, Wei. "Numerical Modelling and Statistical Analysis of Ocean Wave Energy Converters and Wave Climates." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-305870.

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Ocean wave energy is considered to be one of the important potential renewable energy resources for sustainable development. Various wave energy converter technologies have been proposed to harvest the energy from ocean waves. This thesis is based on the linear generator wave energy converter developed at Uppsala University. The research in this thesis focuses on the foundation optimization and the power absorption optimization of the wave energy converters and on the wave climate modelling at the Lysekil wave converter test site. The foundation optimization study of the gravity-based foundation of the linear wave energy converter is based on statistical analysis of wave climate data measured at the Lysekil test site. The 25 years return extreme significant wave height and its associated mean zero-crossing period are chosen as the maximum wave for the maximum heave and surge forces evaluation. The power absorption optimization study on the linear generator wave energy converter is based on the wave climate at the Lysekil test site. A frequency-domain simplified numerical model is used with the power take-off damping coefficient chosen as the control parameter for optimizing the power absorption. The results show a large improvement with an optimized power take-off damping coefficient adjusted to the characteristics of the wave climate at the test site. The wave climate modelling studies are based on the wave climate data measured at the Lysekil test site. A new mixed distribution method is proposed for modelling the significant wave height. This method gives impressive goodness of fit with the measured wave data. A copula method is applied to the bivariate joint distribution of the significant wave height and the wave period. The results show an excellent goodness of fit for the Gumbel model. The general applicability of the proposed mixed-distribution method and the copula method are illustrated with wave climate data from four other sites. The results confirm the good performance of the mixed-distribution and the Gumbel copula model for the modelling of significant wave height and bivariate wave climate.
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Lindroth, [formerly Tyrberg] Simon. "Buoy and Generator Interaction with Ocean Waves : Studies of a Wave Energy Conversion System." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160085.

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On March 13th, 2006, the Division of Electricity at Uppsala University deployed its first wave energy converter, L1, in the ocean southwest of Lysekil. L1 consisted of a buoy at the surface, connected through a line to a linear generator on the seabed. Since the deployment, continuous investigations of how L1 works in the waves have been conducted, and several additional wave energy converters have been deployed. This thesis is based on ten publications, which focus on different aspects of the interaction between wave, buoy, and generator. In order to evaluate different measurement systems, the motion of the buoy was measured optically and using accelerometers, and compared to measurements of the motion of the movable part of the generator - the translator. These measurements were found to correlate well. Simulations of buoy and translator motion were found to match the measured values. The variation of performance of L1 with changing water levels, wave heights, and spectral shapes was also investigated. Performance is here defined as the ratio of absorbed power to incoming power. It was found that the performance decreases for large wave heights. This is in accordance with the theoretical predictions, since the area for which the stator and the translator overlap decreases for large translator motions. Shifting water levels were predicted to have the same effect, but this could not be seen as clearly. The width of the wave energy spectrum has been proposed by some as a factor that also affects the performance of a wave energy converter, for a set wave height and period. Therefore the relation between performance and several different parameters for spectral width was investigated. It was found that some of the parameters were in fact correlated to performance, but that the correlation was not very strong. As a background on ocean measurements in wave energy, a thorough literature review was conducted. It turns out that the Lysekil project is one of quite few projects that have published descriptions of on-site wave energy measurements.
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Kariapper, Mohamed Sirajudeen. "X-ray standing wave studies of surface adsorption structures." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365232.

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Yang, Mijia. "IMPACT MECHANICS OF ELASTIC AND ELASTIC-PLASTIC SANDWICH STRUCTURES." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1142444606.

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Ha, Duong Tuong. "Equations intégrales pour la résolution numérique de problèmes de diffraction d'ondes acoustiques dans R**(3)." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066420.

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Résolution de problème extérieur pour l'équation des ondes. Etude du cas des ondes harmoniques. Méthode de Schenk, Méthode variationnelle de Nedelec, proposition d'un nouveau système d'équations intégrales pour la résolution du problème du mur absorbant. Analyse de diverses fonctions intégrales pouvant être utilisées pour des calculs d'ondes transitoires (emploi de formules de potentiels retardés). Proposition d'un cadre fonctionnel lié aux formules d'énergie des ondes. Formulations variationnelles espace temps et shémas de type Galerkin basés sur ces mêmes formules d'énergie. Analyse des schémas de type collocation utiles pour discrétiser l'équation intégrale de Kirchoff.
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Books on the topic "Wave energy absorption"

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Guided-wave approaches to spectrally selective energy absorption: A final report. Tucson, Ariz: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, 1988.

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Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (U.S.) and Civil Engineering Research Foundation, eds. Evaluation findings for FIP-Energy Absorption Systems, L.C.C. slider bearings. Washington, DC: Civil Engineering Research Foundation., 1998.

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Guided-wave approaches to spectrally selective energy absorption: A final report. Tucson, Ariz: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, 1988.

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Chance, Kelly, and Randall V. Martin. Radiation and Climate. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199662104.003.0008.

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Global climate is controlled by an energy balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation. An energy balance is first developed using a simple one-layer model of the atmosphere and then made more realistic by distributing the atmospheric optical depth smoothly in a Gray Atmosphere Model. Wavelength-specific and altitude-dependent absorption and emission for the ultraviolet through long-wave infrared are described. Knowledge is combined into an overall Earth energy budget. The sensitivity of the climate to radiative forcing is examined.
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Muller, Sebastian, and Martin Sieber. Resonance scattering of waves in chaotic systems. Edited by Gernot Akemann, Jinho Baik, and Philippe Di Francesco. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198744191.013.34.

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This article discusses some applications of random matrix theory (RMT) to quantum or wave chaotic resonance scattering. It first provides an overview of selected topics on universal statistics of resonances and scattering observables, with emphasis on theoretical results obtained via non-perturbative methods starting from the mid-1990s. It then considers the statistical properties of scattering observables at a given fixed value of the scattering energy, taking into account the maximum entropy approach as well as quantum transport and the Selberg integral. It also examines the correlation properties of the S-matrix at different values of energy and concludes by describing other characteristics and applications of RMT to resonance scattering of waves in chaotic systems, including those relating to time delays, quantum maps and sub-unitary random matrices, and microwave cavities at finite absorption.
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Glazov, M. M. Spin Resonance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807308.003.0003.

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This chapter is devoted to one of key phenomena in the field of spin physics, namely, resonant absorption of electromagnetic waves under conditions where the Zeeman splitting of spin levels in magnetic field is equal to photon energy. This method is particularly important for identification of nuclear spin effects, because resonance spectra provide fingerprints of different involved spin species and make it possible to distinguish different nuclear isotopes. As discussed in this chapter the nuclear magnetic resonance provides also an access to local magnetic fields acting on nuclear spins. These fields are caused by the magnetic interactions between the nuclei and by the quadrupole splittings of nuclear spin states in anisotropic crystalline environment. Manifestations of spin resonance in optical responses of semiconductors–that is, optically detected magnetic resonance–are discussed.
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Book chapters on the topic "Wave energy absorption"

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Naito, Shigeru, and Shoichi Nakamura. "Wave Energy Absorption in Irregular Waves by Feedforward Control System." In Hydrodynamics of Ocean Wave-Energy Utilization, 269–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82666-5_23.

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Inoue, R., M. Iwai, M. Yahagi, and T. Yamazaki. "Wave Energy Absorption Characteristics of Circular Air-Chamber for Use of Light Beacon Fixed on Sunken Rock." In Hydrodynamics of Ocean Wave-Energy Utilization, 237–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82666-5_20.

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Cox, Steven J. "Designing for Optimal Energy Absorption II, The Damped Wave Equation." In Control and Estimation of Distributed Parameter Systems, 103–9. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8849-3_8.

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Tuba Özkan-Haller, H., Merrick C. Haller, J. Cameron McNatt, Aaron Porter, and Pukha Lenee-Bluhm. "Analyses of Wave Scattering and Absorption Produced by WEC Arrays: Physical/Numerical Experiments and Model Assessment." In Marine Renewable Energy, 71–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53536-4_3.

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Nakahara, Motonao, Kunihito Nagayama, Takashi Kajiwara, and Takashi Nishiyama. "High-Speed Photographic Observation of Shock-Pressure Pulses in Water Induced by Laser Energy Absorption at Roughened Surface." In Explosion, Shock Wave and Hypervelocity Phenomena, 47–52. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-465-0.47.

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Sławiński, Grzegorz, Piotr Malesa, and Marek Świerczewski. "Numerical Assessment Regarding the Influence of the Stiffness of the Material Used to Build Multi-layer Energy-Absorbing Panels on the Absorption of the Shock Wave Energy." In Computational and Experimental Simulations in Engineering, 61–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27053-7_7.

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"Wave-Energy Absorption by Oscillating Bodies." In Ocean Waves and Oscillating Systems, 196–224. Cambridge University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511754630.007.

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Urbanczyk, Guillaume. "Main Challenges of Heating Plasma with Waves at the Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency (ICRF)." In Advances in Fusion Energy Research - Theory, Models, Algorithms, and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105394.

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Of all the techniques used for heating plasmas in fusion devices, waves in the Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency (ICRF ∼ MHz) continue to be exceptionally advantageous and unique insofar as it enables to deposit of power directly on ions in the core, significantly enhancing fast ion population together with fusion reaction products. However, because of the multiple inherent challenges—such as matching robustness, antenna design, wave coupling efficiency, wave propagation, wave absorption, and plasma surface interactions due to radiofrequency (RF) sheath excitation—ICRF is often one of the most complex heating systems to implement successfully. This chapter provides a brief introduction of these challenges and their respective underlying physics, together with examples of both simulations and experimental results from various tokamaks around the world. Finally, ICRF advantages and applications on present and future devices and perspectives of technological solutions are discussed and summarized.
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Tiwari, Sandip. "Light interactions with semiconductors." In Semiconductor Physics, 454–92. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759867.003.0012.

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This chapter examines how electromagnetic waves—light, photons—interact with semiconductors through coupling between the electromagnetic wave and dipoles of various kinds and analyzed via a dipole interaction Hamiltonian. Phenomena in the energy range of micro eV to several eVs are explored, stressing surface interactions, absorption, emission and luminescence. The first involves coupled plasmon interactions. Absorption and emission arise across energy and through multiple mechanisms. Free carrier processes are pronounced for low energy. Direct electron-photon interactions—a direct transition—can involve allowed transitions and forbidden transitions across the gap. Indirect transitions of both these varieties can arise in phonon-assisted processes. Oscillator strength is fleshed out. Field dependence, doping dependence and temperature dependence are analyzed, broadening the discussion to the Franz-Keldysh effect as well as dependence due to impurities, excitons, plasmons and crystal oscillations, to unravel the dielectric function and reflectivity’s behavior at high frequencies and restrahlen often observed.
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Cina, Jeffrey A. "Two-dimensional wave-packet interferometry for an electronic energy-transfer dimer." In Getting Started on Time-Resolved Molecular Spectroscopy, 96–128. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199590315.003.0007.

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The application of two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to an energy-transfer dimer is considered. Site, adiabatic, and exciton bases for the energy-transfer system are defined. Weak (strong) coupling conditions favoring the utility of the site (exciton) basis are found. It is shown how, under conditions of unequal quantum yield for singly and doubly excited electronic states—where excited-state absorption and singly-excited-state bleach fail to cancel—2D-WPI becomes sensitive to the presence or absence of an exciton shift. Demonstration signal calculations for a spatially oriented energy-transfer dimer under conditions of weak and strong energy-transfer coupling are presented and compared.
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Conference papers on the topic "Wave energy absorption"

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Lewis, Timothy M., Annette von Jouanne, and Ted K. A. Brekken. "Wave Energy Converter with wideband power absorption." In 2011 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2011.6064291.

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Wang, Bin, Toshikazu Yamaguchi, Keigo Hatai, Kimiya Komurasaki, Yoshihiro Arakawa, Claude Phipps, Kimiya Komurasaki, and John Sinko. "ENERGY ABSORPTION STRUCTURE OF LASER SUPPORTED DETONATION WAVE." In BEAMED ENERGY PROPULSION: 6th International Symposium. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3435428.

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Peng, Heather, Wei Qiu, and Don Spencer. "Numerical Modeling and Evaluation of Wave Energy Converters." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79667.

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Wave energy converters use the motion of floating or submerged bodies to extract energy from the waves. Power absorption can be simulated using a simple linear damper with a resistance to motion which is proportional to velocity. Because of the interaction between energy production and motion, there will be an optimum rate of energy production for each wave frequency. Too much damping or too little damping can cause little energy produced. The wave absorption range also depends on the tuned frequency. In this paper, the maximum rates of energy absorption for submerged and floating wave energy converters are evaluated by employing the panel-free method for the motions of the converters in the frequency domain. A general expression for the wave power absorption is described. Numerical studies show that the optimal energy efficiencies of wave energy converters can be well predicted by employing the panel-free method for motion computations.
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Magee, Allan R., Varjola Nelko, Kian Yew Lim, and Lup Wai Chew. "Benchmarking Experiments for Wave Absorption Modeling." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-42300.

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Passive wave absorption is usually employed at the downstream end of a wave flume or basin to avoid the build-up of wave energy in the tank. However, absorption of waves is not perfect in physical tanks. A beach of different shape and/or composition can result in different absorption efficiency. Laboratory investigations of various passive beach configurations are costly and time-consuming. A more efficient approach is to perform studies using a numerical wave tank (NWT), which in turn requires empirical data to tune the dissipative effects. This study attempts to better understand the quality of waves simulated in a laboratory flume with a uniformly inclined porous beach and a parabolic-shaped solid beach. The data will be used to validate a newly-developed NWT with passive wave absorption. Different incident wave properties are examined and the reflection coefficient is calculated primarily with the two-probe method proposed by Goda & Suzuki (1976) and compared with other methods. An overview of the experiments, absorption analysis and numerical simulation is presented and discussed.
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Fukui, Akihiro, Keigo Hatai, Shinatora Cho, Kimiya Komurasaki, Yoshihiro Arakawa, and Andrew V. Pakhomov. "Supporting Structure of the LSD Wave in an Energy Absorption Perspective." In BEAMED ENERGY PROPULSION: Fifth International Symposium on Beamed Energy Propulsion. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2931911.

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Beels, Charlotte, Peter Troch, Julien De Rouck, Tom Versluys, and Griet De Backer. "Numerical Simulation of Wake Effects in the Lee of a Farm of Wave Energy Converters." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79714.

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The contribution of wave energy to the renewable energy supply is rising. To extract a considerable amount of wave power, Wave Energy Converters (WECs) are arranged in several rows or in a ‘farm’. WECs in a farm are interacting (e.g. The presence of other WECs influence the operational behaviour of a single WEC) and the overall power absorption is affected. In this paper wake effects in the lee of a single WEC and multiple WECs of the overtopping type, where the water volume of overtopped waves is first captured in a basin above mean sea level and then drains back to the sea through hydro turbines, are studied in a time-dependent mild-slope equation model. The wake behind a single WEC is investigated for uni- and multi-directional incident waves. The wake becomes wider for larger wave peak periods. An increasing directional spreading results in a faster wave regeneration and a shorter wake behind the WEC. The wake in the lee of multiple WECs is calculated for two different farm lay-outs, i.e. an aligned grid and a staggered grid, with varying lateral and longitudinal spacing. In general, the staggered grid results in the highest overall wave power absorption.
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Babarit, Aure´lien, Jorgen Hals, Adi Kurniawan, Torgeir Moan, and Jorgen Krokstad. "Power Absorption Measures and Comparisons of Selected Wave Energy Converters." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49360.

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In this study, a selection of Wave Energy Converters (WECs) with different working principle is considered. It comprises a heaving device reacting against the seabed, a heaving self-reacting two-bodies device, a pitching device, and a floating OWC device. They are inspired by concepts which are currently under development. For each of these concepts, a numerical Wave To Wire (W2W) model is derived. Numerical estimates of the energy delivery which one can expect are derived using these numerical models on a selection of wave site along the European coast. This selection of wave site is thought to be representative with levels of mean annual wave power from 15 to 88 kW/m. Using these results, the performance of each WEC is assessed not only in terms of yearly energy output, but also in terms of yearly absorbed energy/displacement, yearly absorbed energy/wetted surface, and yearly absorbed energy per unit significant Power Take Off force. By comparing these criteria, one gets a better idea of the advantages and drawbacks of each of the studied concepts.
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Sasikala, N., S. A. Sannasiraj, and Richard Manasseh. "3D SPH Simulation of Wave Interaction Between Wave Energy Converters: Towards Optimum Wave Power Absorption in Wave Farms." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18059.

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Abstract Ocean waves are one of the sustainable resources of renewable energy for carbon-free electricity. For cost-effective commercial-scale projects, Wave Energy Converters (WECs) are deployed in arrays with optimum spacing as an alternative for a large (oscillatory) device in isolation. It has been found that when the wave excitation frequency is close to the resonant frequency of the WEC, the efficiency factor of energy farms, called q-factor, increases with the oscillation amplitude of the device. It has been found that the maximum absorbed energy of WECs depends directly on array configuration as that the radiated and incident wave fields interfere to direct the energy flux in the ocean towards the floating bodies. In this paper, the fully nonlinear interaction between two 3D floating bodies in close proximity and excited near its’ resonance is studied using Weakly Compressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (WCSPH). Apart from the calculations of q factor, hydrodynamic forces acting on the floating bodies and their dynamic responses are also calculated. An optimum array of WECs is proposed.
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Ashton, Ian G. C., Lars Johanning, and Brian Linfoot. "Measurement of the Effect of Power Absorption in the Lee of a Wave Energy Converter." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79793.

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Monitoring the effect of floating wave energy converter (WEC) devices on the surrounding wave field will be an important tool for monitoring impacts on the local wave climate and coastlines. Measurement will be hampered by the natural variability of ocean waves and the complex response of WEC devices, causing temporal and spatial variability in the effects. Measurements taken during wave tank tests at MARINTEK are used to analyse the effectiveness of point wave measurements at resolving the influence of an array of WEC on the local wave conditions. The variability of waves is measured in front and in the lee of a device, using spectral analysis to identify changes to the incident wave field due to the operating WEC. The power capture and radiation damping are analysed in order to predict the measured changes. Differences in the wave field across the device are clearly observable in the frequency domain. However, they do not unanimously show a reduction in wave energy in the lee of a device and are not well predicted by measured power capture.
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Chen, Weixing, Xiangdun Meng, and Feng Gao. "The Principle of a Three-DOF Mechanism for Wave Energy Absorption." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-55058.

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As we all know, oceans have great wave power, and many types of wave energy converters (WECs) have been invented so far. Oscillating body systems are a major class of WECs which almost only have one degree of freedom (DOF). This paper presents a three-DOF mechanism which can extract the wave power from any wave directions. The three-DOF mechanism mainly consists of a four-bar linkage and a spherical joint, which are used to capture the heave motion and the pitch and roll motions of the oscillating body respectively. The power conversion principle of the WEC is proposed and the kinematics of the mechanism is derived. Hydraulic power take-off (PTO) systems are used, which are simplified as constant torques in this study. In the end, the power absorption performance of the WEC is presented based on the system dynamics. The results show that the rated power output of the WEC is 4.3MW, and the power output of the WEC is dependent on the wave directions.
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