Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water vapor profile

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Water vapor profile'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 July 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Water vapor profile"

1

Mariani, Zen, Noah Stanton, James Whiteway, and Raisa Lehtinen. "Toronto Water Vapor Lidar Inter-Comparison Campaign." Remote Sensing 12, no. 19 (2020): 3165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12193165.

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This study presents comparisons between vertical water vapor profile measurements from a Raman lidar and a new pre-production broadband differential absorption lidar (DIAL). Vaisala’s novel DIAL system operates autonomously outdoors and measures the vertical profile of water vapor within the boundary layer 24 h a day during all weather conditions. Eight nights of measurements in June and July 2018 were used for the Toronto water vapor lidar inter-comparison field campaign. Both lidars provided reliable atmospheric backscatter and water vapor profile measurements. Comparisons were performed dur
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Dong, Xiang, Fang Sun, Qinglin Zhu, Leke Lin, Zhenwei Zhao, and Chen Zhou. "Tropospheric Refractivity Profile Estimation by GNSS Measurement at China Big-Triangle Points." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (2021): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111468.

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Atmospheric radio refractivity has an obvious influence on the signal transmission path and communication group delay effect. The uncertainty of water vapor distribution is the main reason for the large error of tropospheric refractive index modeling. According to the distribution and characteristics of water vapor pressure, temperature, and pressure, which are the basic components of the refractive index, a method for retrieving atmospheric refractivity profile based on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and meteorological sensor measurement is introduced and investigated in this study
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Chen, Jiarui, Xiaoyue Zeng, Siwei Li, Ge Song, and Shuangliang Li. "Water Vapor Correction in Measurements of Aerosol Backscatter Coefficients Using a 910 nm Vaisala CL51 Ceilometer." Remote Sensing 17, no. 12 (2025): 2013. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17122013.

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Due to its capacity of long-time automatic observation, the Vaisala CL51 Ceilometer, which is a simple single wavelength lidar, has great potential to retrieve aerosol vertical profiles. However, the backscattering signals from ceilometers around 910 nm, which are seriously affected by background signals and water vapor absorption, strongly limits the performance of aerosol retrievals. To overcome this issue, a signal correction process would be crucial to reduce errors of backscattering signals of the CL51 ceilometer. Herein, we develop a signal correction method including background signal c
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Livingston, J. M., B. Schmid, P. B. Russell, J. R. Podolske, J. Redemann, and G. S. Diskin. "Comparison of Water Vapor Measurements by Airborne Sun Photometer and Diode Laser Hygrometer on the NASA DC-8." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25, no. 10 (2008): 1733–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jtecha1047.1.

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Abstract In January–February 2003, the 14-channel NASA Ames airborne tracking sun photometer (AATS) and the NASA Langley/Ames diode laser hygrometer (DLH) were flown on the NASA DC-8 aircraft. The AATS measured column water vapor on the aircraft-to-sun path, while the DLH measured local water vapor in the free stream between the aircraft fuselage and an outboard engine cowling. The AATS and DLH measurements have been compared for two DC-8 vertical profiles by differentiating the AATS column measurement and/or integrating the DLH local measurement over the altitude range of each profile (7.7–10
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Dai, Guangyao, Dietrich Althausen, Julian Hofer, et al. "Calibration of Raman lidar water vapor profiles by means of AERONET photometer observations and GDAS meteorological data." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 5 (2018): 2735–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2735-2018.

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Abstract. We present a practical method to continuously calibrate Raman lidar observations of water vapor mixing ratio profiles. The water vapor profile measured with the multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar PollyXT is calibrated by means of co-located AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) sun photometer observations and Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) temperature and pressure profiles. This method is applied to lidar observations conducted during the Cyprus Cloud Aerosol and Rain Experiment (CyCARE) in Limassol, Cyprus. We use the GDAS temperature and pressure profiles to retrieve the
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Millán, Luis, Matthew Lebsock, Nathaniel Livesey, and Simone Tanelli. "Differential absorption radar techniques: water vapor retrievals." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 6 (2016): 2633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-2633-2016.

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Abstract. Two radar pulses sent at different frequencies near the 183 GHz water vapor line can be used to determine total column water vapor and water vapor profiles (within clouds or precipitation) exploiting the differential absorption on and off the line. We assess these water vapor measurements by applying a radar instrument simulator to CloudSat pixels and then running end-to-end retrieval simulations. These end-to-end retrievals enable us to fully characterize not only the expected precision but also their potential biases, allowing us to select radar tones that maximize the water vapor
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Turner, David D., and Ulrich Löhnert. "Ground-based temperature and humidity profiling: combining active and passive remote sensors." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 4 (2021): 3033–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-3033-2021.

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Abstract. Thermodynamic profiles in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) are important observations for a range of atmospheric research and operational needs. These profiles can be retrieved from passively sensed spectral infrared (IR) or microwave (MW) radiance observations or can be more directly measured by active remote sensors such as water vapor differential absorption lidars (DIALs). This paper explores the synergy of combining ground-based IR, MW, and DIAL observations using an optimal-estimation retrieval framework, quantifying the reduction in the uncertainty in the retrieved profiles
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Petrova, T. M., A. M. Solodov, A. P. Shcherbakov, V. M. Deichuli, A. A. Solodov, and Yu N. Ponomarev. "Comparison of Profile Models for Water Vapor Absorption Lines." Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics 34, no. 4 (2021): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1024856021040096.

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Xu, Wen Jing, and Hong Yan Liu. "Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer Profiler Observations before a Heavy Rainfall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 137 (October 2011): 312–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.137.312.

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Ground-based 12-channel microwave radiometer profiler TP/WVP-3000 can provide temperature and vapor density profile per minute up to 10 km height. The observations feature apparent change before heavy rainfall obtained by TP/WVP-3000 is presented in this paper. It demonstrates the detailed thermodynamic features that the atmosphere becomes colder and drier above height 3-4 km about 9 hours before the rain, the integrated water vapor gradually increases from 5 cm to 9 cm, the integrated cloud water change from near zero to 15 mm and the vapor density also increases rapidly about half an hour be
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Ward, Dale M., E. Robert Kursinski, Angel C. Otarola, et al. "Retrieval of water vapor using ground-based observations from a prototype ATOMMS active centimeter- and millimeter-wavelength occultation instrument." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 12, no. 3 (2019): 1955–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1955-2019.

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Abstract. A fundamental goal of satellite weather and climate observations is profiling the atmosphere with in situ-like precision and resolution with absolute accuracy and unbiased, all-weather, global coverage. While GPS radio occultation (RO) has perhaps come closest in terms of profiling the gas state from orbit, it does not provide sufficient information to simultaneously profile water vapor and temperature. We have been developing the Active Temperature, Ozone and Moisture Microwave Spectrometer (ATOMMS) RO system that probes the 22 and 183 GHz water vapor absorption lines to simultaneou
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water vapor profile"

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Skoglund, Emil. "A NUMERICAL MODEL OF HEAT- AND MASS TRANSFER IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS : A two-dimensional 1+1D approach to solve the steady-state temperature- and mass- distributions." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Framtidens energi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55223.

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Methods of solving the steady state characteristics of a node matrix equation system over a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) were evaluated. The most suitable method, referred to as the semi-implicit method, was set up in a MATLAB program. The model covers heat transfer due to thermal diffusion throughout the layers and due to thermal advection+diffusion in the gas channels. Included mass transport processes cover only transport of water vapor and consist of the same diffusion/advection schematics as the heat transfer processes. The mass transport processes are hence Fickian diffusion thro
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Hancock, Jay Brian 1976. "Passive microwave and hyperspectral infrared retrievals of atmospheric water vapor profiles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8573.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 231-234).<br>Two clear-air relative humidity profile estimators were designed and implemented using neural networks. The microwave estimator is the first to utilize 54-, 118-, and 183-GHz channels for simultaneously retrieving a relative humidity profile. It utilizes 2 separate instruments simultaneously. The first instrument is a medium-resolution dual-band radiometer with one set of 8 double-sideband 118-GHz channels and a second set of
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Grippa, Manuela. "Retrieval of tropospheric temperature and composition profiles from infrared radiance measurements." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/527.

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Wilson, Christopher Brant. "Measurement of chemical composition and pH profiles near the liquid-vapor interface of aqueous solutions using a unique confocal microscope system /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9840.

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Follette, Melanie Beth. "Classification of northern hemisphere stratospheric ozone and water vapor profiles by meteorological regime validation, climatology, and trends /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/6675.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.<br>Thesis research directed by: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Wassenberg, Chris Alan 1959. "Development of a multi-frequency microwave radiometer for the measurement of atmospheric water vapor and temperature profiles." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277271.

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The development of a system capable of continuously monitoring atmospheric brightness temperatures at H₂O and O₂ absorption/emission windows is discussed. Designed for remote (unattended) operation, the system employs radiometric technology and operates at microwave frequencies, thereby achieving essentially all-weather operation. The design, construction and calibration of the radiometer system are described. In addition, some of the physics and mathematics on which the theory of atmospheric radiative transfer is based is presented. Examples of measurements made during the system's first oper
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Lacour, Jean Lionel. "Estimations du profil du rapport isotopique de la vapeur d'eau dans la troposphère à partir de spectres mesurés dans l'infrarouge thermique par le sondeur IASI: méthodologie d'inversion et analyses des premières distributions spatiales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209151.

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La vapeur d’eau est le principal gaz à effet de serre de l’atmosphère et implique un processus de rétroaction climatique positif qui se traduit par une augmentation importante de l’humidité dans la troposphère dans les prochaines décennies. La vapeur d’eau joue également un rôle primordial dans le système climatique, notamment via le transport d’énergie de l’équateur vers les pôles. Malgré ceci, la compréhension des mécanismes qui contrôlent la distribution de la vapeur d’eau sur le globe reste insuffisante, ce qui se répercute sur les prédictions de l’évolution de notre climat. Depuis quelque
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Li, Chieh, and 李杰. "The Effect of the Water Vapor and Carbon Dioxide on the Radiation Absorption and Temperature Profile in Troposphere." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z42rd3.

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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>機械與機電工程學系研究所<br>101<br>The work on this paper focus on the effect of the water vapor and carbon dioxide on the absorption of atmospheric radiation and the temperature within the troposphere (10km above the ground), which is based on the realistic temperature- and pressure- or concentration-dependent radiative properties. And for simplicity, this model is assumed one-dimension and only concerning about the conduction and radiation. As we know, the earth receives energy from the sun in the form UV, visible light, and near infrared radiation. And virtually all wave below 290 nm
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Wu, Xiaohua. "Short-range precipitation forecasts using assimilation of simulated satellite water vapor profiles and cloud liquid water." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31455677.html.

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Carlson, Grant Stuart. "Mesoscale water vapor profiles from VAS an evaluation of two physical retrieval methods /." 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/18365299.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1988.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-102).
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Books on the topic "Water vapor profile"

1

Environmental Research Laboratories (U.S.), ed. Water vapor profiles for Boulder, Colorado, and Pago Pago, American Samoa during the period 1986-1989. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1990.

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Environmental Research Laboratories (U.S.), ed. Water vapor profiles for Boulder, Colorado, and Pago Pago, American Samoa during the period 1986-1989. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1990.

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Oltmans, Samuel J. Water vapor profiles for Washington, DC; Boulder, CO; Palestine, TX; Laramie, WY; and Fairbanks, AK; during the period 1974 to 1985. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Air Resources Laboratory, 1986.

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Oltmans, Samuel J. Water vapor profiles for Washington, DC; Boulder, CO; Palestine, TX; Laramie, WY; and Fairbanks, AK; during the period 1974 to 1985. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Air Resources Laboratory, 1986.

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Oltmans, Samuel J. Water vapor profiles for Washington, DC; Boulder, CO; Palestine, TX; Laramie, WY; and Fairbanks, AK; during the period 1974 to 1985. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Air Resources Laboratory, 1986.

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Water vapor profiles for Boulder, Colorado, and Pago Pago, American Samoa during the period 1986-1989. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water vapor profile"

1

Nakanishi, Tomoko M. "Water-Specific Imaging." In Novel Plant Imaging and Analysis. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4992-6_1.

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AbstractOur first target was water, namely, how to obtain a water-specific image nondestructively. Using a neutron beam, we could visualize water-specific images of plants, including roots and flowers, which were never shown before. Each image suggested the plant-specific activity related to water.We briefly present how to acquire the image and what kind of water image is taken by neutron beam irradiation. We present a variety of plant samples, such as flowers, seeds, and wood disks. It was noted that neutrons could visualize the roots imbedded in soil without uprooting. When a spatial image o
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Balin, Ioan, Gilles Larchevêque, Philippe Quaglia, Valentin Simeonov, Hubert Van Den Bergh, and Bertrand Calpini. "Water vapor vertical profile by Raman lidar in the free troposphere from the Jungfraujoch Alpine Station." In Advances in Global Change Research. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47983-4_7.

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Fugarov, Dmitry, Olga Purchina, Inna Popova, and Anastasia Purchina. "Modeling of the Temperature Profile When Heating Fuel Oil with Water Vapor in a Single-Pass Tubular Heat Exchanger." In Springer Proceedings in Materials. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52239-0_55.

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Mapes, Brian, Arunchandra S. Chandra, Zhiming Kuang, and Paquita Zuidema. "Importance Profiles for Water Vapor." In Space Sciences Series of ISSI. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77273-8_9.

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Murcray, D. G., A. Goldman, J. Kosters, et al. "Intercomparison of Stratospheric Water Vapor Profiles Obtained During the Balloon Intercomparison Campaign." In Atmospheric Ozone. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5313-0_29.

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Gerding, Michael, and Antje Weisheimer. "Validation of Water Vapour Profiles from GPS Radio Occultations in the Arctic." In First CHAMP Mission Results for Gravity, Magnetic and Atmospheric Studies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-38366-6_60.

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Uchiho, Yuichi, Kazuto Matsuki, Eiji Takeuchi, Toshikazu Hasegawa, and Masanori Yabuki. "Observation of Water Vapor Profiles by Raman Lidar with 266-nm Laser in Tokyo." In Proceedings of the 30th International Laser Radar Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37818-8_49.

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Nehrir, Amin R., Christoph Kiemle, Mathew D. Lebsock, et al. "Emerging Technologies and Synergies for Airborne and Space-Based Measurements of Water Vapor Profiles." In Space Sciences Series of ISSI. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77273-8_13.

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Stiller, Gabriele Petra, Tilman Steck, Mathias Milz, Thomas von Clarmann, Udo Grabowski, and Herbert Fischer. "Approach to the Cross-Validation of MIPAS and CHAMP Temperature and Water Vapour Profiles." In First CHAMP Mission Results for Gravity, Magnetic and Atmospheric Studies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-38366-6_75.

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Palm, Stephen P., Denise Hagan, Geary Schwemmer, and S. H. Melfi. "Inference of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Water Vapor and Temperature Profiles over the Ocean Using Airborne Lidar Data." In Advances in Atmospheric Remote Sensing with Lidar. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60612-0_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water vapor profile"

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Abshire, James B., Daniel R. Cremons, Kenji Numata, Xiaoli Sun, Scott D. Guzewich, and Michael D. Smith. "Design of a small lidar for a Mars lander to profile water vapor, aerosols, and winds." In Laser Radar Technology and Applications XXX, edited by Monte D. Turner, Gary W. Kamerman, and Lori A. Magruder. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3057150.

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Kean, Robert T., and Boris A. Miksic. "Improved Packaging Film Incorporating Vapor Phase Corrosion Inhibitors and High Recycle Content." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07283.

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Abstract Vapor Phase Corrosion Inhibitors (VCIs) are used for safe and cost-effective protection of a wide range of metal articles. One large market includes packaging materials for storage and transportation of metal parts. Plastic packaging films can be readily impregnated with VCIs to provide corrosion protection, in addition to the basic physical barrier (against water, dirt, vapors) afforded by the plastic. Generally, VCI containing plastic films are recyclable. Likewise, they can be made from recycled plastics. However, when manufacturing with commercially available recycle streams, use
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Rue, J. R., and D. P. Naeger. "Advances in Crude Unit Corrosion Control." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87199.

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Abstract This paper details our experience in controlling crude unit overhead corrosion with filming and neutralizing inhibitors. This experience has been gained in units processing from 10 MBPD to 200 MBPD (1.59 MML/d to 31.8 MML/d) and over a wide range of operating conditions. Significant advances in corrosion control technology have resulted from this work. A better understanding of crude unit corrosion mechanisms now exists. More importantly, new tools and products have been developed to solve today’s problems. High corrosion rates have been observed in several crude unit overhead applica
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Yuan, Min, Luke Patterson, and David A. Smith. "Silicon-Based CVD Nanocoatings for Corrosion Resistance and Advanced Surface Properties." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09542.

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Abstract The petrochemical, refining, and process industries are long overdue for new corrosion resistant coating technology. This study will provide an overview of silicon-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) nanocoatings that, when applied to stainless steel and other alloys, fight corrosion while simultaneously easing design, fabrication, and integration of coated components. By using a gas-phase CVD process, parts with complex geometries or narrow passageways such as valves and filters can be thoroughly treated both internally and externally. The coating is covalently bound to the base su
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Dong, Xiang, Fang Sun, Mingchen Sun, Haining Wang, Pengfei Zhu, and Qinglin Zhu. "An Inversion Method of Water Vapour Profile by Using GNSS Wet Delay to Get PWV." In 2024 14th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory (ISAPE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/isape62431.2024.10841117.

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De Feis, Italia, Alberta M. Lubrano, Guido Masiello, and Carmine Serio. "Simultaneous temperature and water vapor profile from IASI radiances." In Europto Remote Sensing, edited by Jaqueline E. Russell, Klaus Schaefer, and Olga Lado-Bordowsky. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.413855.

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Grossmann, Benoist E., and Edward V. Browell. "Water Vapor Spectroscopic Data for Lidar Water Vapor Measurements in the 720-nm Wavelength Region." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1990.tud1.

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The Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) technique can be used to remotely measure profiles of atmospheric gases such as water vapor. The application of this technique requires accurate water vapor spectroscopic data on line strength, pressure broadening, pressure shifts, and linewidth temperature dependence in the wavelength region of interest. As part of NASA's atmospheric research program, the NASA Langley Research Center is currently involved in developing a DIAL system for the Lidar Atmospheric Sensing Experiment (LASE)(1). This DIAL system will use tunable Alexandrite lasers and operate
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Bisson, Scott E., and J. E. M. Goldsmith. "Daytime Tropospheric Water Vapor Profile Measurements with a Raman Lidar." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1993.mb.4.

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Water vapor is one of the most important quantities needed to define the state of the atmosphere. Water vapor plays an important role in determining the earth's radiation budget, both directly as an absorber of infrared radiation and through its role in cloud formation. Because convection effectively short-circuits greenhouse absorption at altitudes below about 6 km, surface temperatures depend strongly on the vertical distribution of water vapor. The vertical distribution of water vapor also determines convective stability, and hence storm development. Water vapor is highly variable, both spa
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Valtr, Pavel, Pavel Pechac, and Martin Grabner. "Water vapor density profile statistics in the atmospheric boundary layer." In 2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eucap.2017.7928173.

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Smith, W. L., H. L. Huang, H. E. Revercomb, and H. M. Woolf. "On the Combination of Passive and Active Sensing for Achieving Very High Resolution Atmospheric Temperature Profiles." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1990.tua1.

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Because of the exponential decay of water vapor mixing ratio with altitude, infrared radiance to space originates from very narrow atmospheric layers at altitudes dependent upon the wavelength of measurement. Thus if one could measure the vertical water vapor profile independent of the passive radiance measurements, the vertical temperature profile could be determined with high vertical resolution from a spectrum of upwelling water vapor radiance. The water vapor profiles could be obtained using active lidar techniques such as Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) or Raman Lidar which have expe
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Reports on the topic "Water vapor profile"

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Jensen, M., and D. Troyan. Continuous Water Vapor Profiles for the Fixed Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/948517.

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Edgeworth R. Westwater and Yong Han. Progress report of FY 1999 activities: The application of Kalman filtering to derive water vapor profiles from combined ground-based sensors: Raman lidar, microwave radiometers, GPS, and radiosondes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/762789.

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Edgeworth R. Westwater and Yong Han. Progress report of FY 1998 activities: The application of Kalman filtering to derive water vapor profiles from combined ground-based sensors: Raman lidar, microwave radiometers, GPS, and radiosondes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/762790.

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Edgeworth R. Westwater and Yong Han. Progress report of FY 1997 activities: The application of Kalman filtering to derive water vapor profiles from combined ground-based sensors: Raman lidar, microwave radiometers, GPS, and radiosondes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/762791.

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Moro, Leben, Jennifer Palmer, and Tabitha Hrynick. Key Considerations for Responding to Floods in South Sudan Through the Humanitarian-Peace-Development Nexus. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.005.

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Abstract:
In common with many other African countries, the Republic of South Sudan is increasingly experiencing devastating floods linked to climate change.1,2 The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño regulate the climate of Equatorial Eastern Africa. In 2019, a dipole warming in the western Indian Ocean, worsened by climate change, created higher than average evaporation off the African coastline. This water vapour fell inland as rainfall over Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Sudan and South Sudan, causing massive floods.3 Since then, in the Sudd wetlands of central and north-eastern South Sudan, seasonal ra
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