Journal articles: 'Water use efficiency'

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Fazliev, J. "EFFICIENCY OF USE OF CLAY WATER WITH DROP IRRIGATION." JOURNAL OF AGRO PROCESSING 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9904-2019-4-8.

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Lea, P. J., and M. A. J. Parry. "Improving water use efficiency." Annals of Applied Biology 153, no. 3 (December 2008): 281–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2008.00301.x.

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Dr. S.S. Yadav, Dr S. S. Yadav, and Dr R. S. Meena Dr. R.S. Meena. "Drip irrigation technique enhancing water and fertiliser use efficiency in cauliflower." Indian Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 9 (October 1, 2011): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/jun2012/33.

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Amer, Alia, Mona Abdallah, and Tahany Noreldein. "Enhancing spearmint productivity and water use efficiency under alternative planting practices." Journal of Central European Agriculture 20, no. 3 (2019): 852–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/20.3.2282.

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Angus, J. F., and A. F. Herwaarden. "Increasing Water Use and Water Use Efficiency in Dryland Wheat." Agronomy Journal 93, no. 2 (March 2001): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.932290x.

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Wang, B., W. Liu, Q. Xue, T. Dang, C. Gao, J. Chen, and B. Zhang. "Soil water cycle and crop water use efficiency after long-term nitrogen fertilization in Loess Plateau." Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 1 (December 28, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/207/2012-pse.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) management on soil water recharge, available soil water at sowing (ASWS), soil water depletion, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and water use efficiency (WUE) after long-term fertilization. We collected data from 2 experiments in 2 growing seasons. Treatments varied from no fertilization (CK), single N or phosphorus (P), N and P (NP), to NP plus manure (NPM). Comparing to CK and single N or P treatments, NP and NPM reduced rainfall infiltration depth by 20–60 cm, increased water recharge by 16–21 mm, and decreased ASWS by 89–133 mm in 0–300 cm profile. However, crop yield and WUE continuously increased in NP and NPM treatments after 22 years of fertilization. Yield ranged from 3458 to 3782 kg/ha in NP or NPM but was 1246–1531 kg/ha in CK and single N or P. WUE in CK and single N or P treatments was < 6 kg/ha/mm but increased to 12.1 kg/ha/mm in a NP treatment. The NP and NPM fertilization provided benefits for increased yield and WUE but resulted in lower ASWS. Increasing ASWS may be important for sustainable yield after long-term fertilization.

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Park, Sei Joon, Jong Yong Park, Ki-Cheol Eom, and Jung-Kyung Moon. "Determination of Water Use Efficiency on the Amount of Water Use." Korean Journal of Breeding Science 46, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9787/kjbs.2014.46.4.381.

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Ahmed, Shakil Uddin, Masateru Senge, Kengo Ito, and John Tawiah Adomako. "The Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Root/shoot Ratio, Water Use Efficiency and Yield Efficiency of Soybean." Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems 15, no. 2 (2010): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7132/jrcsa.kj00006069061.

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Kazievish, Saukhanov Janibek. "“ISSUES TO IMPROVE WATER USE EFFICIENCY”." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 5508–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1947.

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This article evaluates the efficiency of water use in the Republic of Karakalpakstan by districts on the basis of specific coefficients. Optimal solutions to increase water use efficiency across regions have been developed on the basis of the intersectoral balance model. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions and recommendations are provided.

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Crookston, Bradley, Brock Blaser, Murali Darapuneni, and Marty Rhoades. "Pearl Millet Forage Water Use Efficiency." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111672.

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Pearl millet (Pennisitum glaucum L.) is a warm season C4 grass well adapted to semiarid climates where concerns over scarce and depleting water resources continually prompt the search for water efficient crop management to improve water use efficiency (WUE). A two-year study was conducted in the Southern Great Plains, USA, semi-arid region, to determine optimum levels of irrigation, row spacing, and tillage to maximize WUE and maintain forage production in pearl millet. Pearl millet was planted in a strip-split-plot factorial design at two row widths, 76 and 19 cm, in tilled and no-till soil under three irrigation levels (high, moderate, and limited). The results were consistent between production years. Both WUE and forage yield were impacted by tillage; however, irrigation level had the greatest effect on forage production. Row spacing had no effect on either WUE or forage yield. The pearl millet water use-yield production function was y = 6.68 × x (mm) − 837 kg ha−1; however, a low coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.31) suggests that factors other than water use (WU), such as a low leaf area index (LAI), had greater influence on dry matter (DM) production. Highest WUE (6.13 Mg ha−1 mm−1) was achieved in tilled soil due to greater LAI and DM production than in no-till.

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Schymanski, Stanislaus J., and Dani Or. "Wind increases leaf water use efficiency." Plant, Cell & Environment 39, no. 7 (February 5, 2016): 1448–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.12700.

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Condon, A. G. "Breeding for high water-use efficiency." Journal of Experimental Botany 55, no. 407 (September 10, 2004): 2447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erh277.

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Vieira, Paula, Catarina Jorge, and Dídia Covas. "Efficiency assessment of household water use." Urban Water Journal 15, no. 5 (May 28, 2018): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1573062x.2018.1508596.

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Stroosnijder, Leo, Demie Moore, Abdulaziz Alharbi, Eli Argaman, Birhanu Biazin, and Erik van den Elsen. "Improving water use efficiency in drylands." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 4, no. 5 (November 2012): 497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2012.08.011.

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Hsiao, T. C., and L. K. Xu. "PREDICTING WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CROPS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 537 (October 2000): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2000.537.20.

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Hall, Anthony E. "Water Use Efficiency in Plant Biology." Crop Science 45, no. 2 (March 2005): 809–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005.0809a.

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Sexton, Thomas M., Camille M. Steber, and Asaph B. Cousins. "Leaf temperature impacts canopy water use efficiency independent of changes in leaf level water use efficiency." Journal of Plant Physiology 258-259 (March 2021): 153357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153357.

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Hurst, Caecelia A., Peter J. Thorburn, David Lockington, and Keith L. Bristow. "Sugarcane water use from shallow water tables: implications for improving irrigation water use efficiency." Agricultural Water Management 65, no. 1 (February 2004): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3774(03)00207-5.

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Abdeen, Sayed, Hassan HEFNI, and Amr MADY. "Foliar application of chitosan zinc oxide nanoparticles on wheat productivity and water use efficiency under deficit irrigation water." Journal of Central European Agriculture 24, no. 2 (2023): 476–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3639.

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Norris, Robert F. "Water Use Efficiency as a Method for Predicting Water Use by Weeds." Weed Technology 10, no. 1 (March 1996): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045863.

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Water use by weeds is one type of loss that contributes to the cost of weeds to agriculture. Water use efficiency provides a mechanism by which water use by weeds can be estimated. Uncontrolled weed growth could result in estimated irrigation costs exceeding $50.00/ha. Weeds like barnyardgrass at threshold densities in irrigated crops like sugarbeet or tomato are estimated to increase production costs by about $20.00/ha depending on water cost.

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Luo, Qunying, Michael Bange, David Johnston, and Michael Braunack. "Cotton crop water use and water use efficiency in a changing climate." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 202 (April 2015): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.01.006.

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Jiang, Yan, C. Andy King, Larry C. Purcell, and Shaodong Wang. "Nitrogen fixation sensitivity related to water use efficiency at reproductive development in soybean." Plant, Soil and Environment 66, No. 7 (July 21, 2020): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/271/2020-pse.

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Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] nitrogen fixation is sensitive differentially to drought among different genotypes at different growth and development stages, which directly affects soybean yield. Acetylene reduction activity (ARA) response to a gradual drought and rewatering period at late podding (late R3) and late seed fill (late R5) were evaluated in two different water use efficiency (WUE) genotypes. Drought-stressed plants with high WUE (PI 372413) decreased ARA more insensitively than that of low WUE (PI 548534), and drought-stressed plants with low WUE (PI 548534) maintained low ARA level after stress alleviation at late R5. The recovery ability of N2 fixation was a genotypic difference with WUE at late reproductive development (late R5), especially. Analysing relation between fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) and relative ARA, it was confirmed that PI 372413 with high WUE was more insensitive to water deficit and had drought tolerance by N2 fixation and recovery ability with a threshold of 0.139–0.147 FTSW than PI 548534 with a threshold of 0.192–0.209 FTSW. The ability to recover N2 fixation following drought during the reproductive developmental stage would be of an important value in the actual planting environment.

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Siahpoosh, Mohammad Reza, and Ebrahim Dehghanian. "Water Use Efficiency, Transpiration Efficiency, and Uptake Efficiency of Wheat during Drought." Agronomy Journal 104, no. 5 (September 2012): 1238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2011.0320.

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Jia, Ren Fu, Jun Wei, and Hai Jin. "Modified PCA for Water Use Efficiency Research." Advanced Materials Research 1051 (October 2014): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.482.

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In order to analyze the water use efficiency of Jiangsu by the method of quantitive research, this article takes the water use amount per ten thousand Yuan GDP as object of study, and discusses the influencing factors of water use efficiency to give the suggestion of policy , regular and control. Theory analysis and expects consulting have been used to get 21 potential influencing factors. Then we get the regression equation which contains water use amount per ten thousand Yuan GDP as the dependent variable, and 21 mentioned factors as independent variables through introducing collected factors’ dates in the period of 1997~2010 into the stepwise regression which is on the basis of principal component analysis. As a result, the major four factors have been got: irrigation area per capita, Industry polluted water standard drainage, education cost, proportion the output value of tertiary industry accounting for of GDP. And this research works for the water use efficiency red line investigation in the future.

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Bahadur, Anant, and K. V. Peter. "Enhancing water use efficiency in vegetable crops." International Journal of Innovative Horticulture 10, no. 1 (2021): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2582-2527.2021.00006.3.

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Sloan*, John, and Wayne Mackay. "Increased Water Use Efficiency with a Surfactant." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 763B—763. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.763b.

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Soils exhibit a degree of hydrophobicity and can repel water rather than absorb it. Surfactants lower the surface tension of water which may increase its infiltration into the soil and adsorption to soil solids. The objective of this study was to determine if water treated with a surfactant would increase conserve soil moisture and decrease the amount of water needed to sustain healthy plant growth. Clay and sandy loam soils were placed in 15-cm greenhouse pots. Impatiens seedlings were transplanted into each pot. All pots were fertilized equally and the Impatiens flowers were allowed to grow for 8 weeks. Then the pots were treated with tap water or tap water mixed with a commercial surfactant at one times (1×) or two times (2×) the recommended rate. After applying the water treatments, pots received no additional water. Each pot was weighed twice per day and the plants were observed for signs of wilting. Upon initial signs of wilting, each plant was rated on a scale of 1 to 3 with 1 = no wilting, 2 = leaves starting to droop, and 3 = wilting leaves and stems. Addition of the surfactant at the 1× and 2× rates slowed the loss of water from both the sandy loam and the clay soils. The effects of the surfactant were apparent within 3 to 5 days in the sandy loam soil and 6 to 10 days in the clay soil. The benefits of reduced water loss from soil were manifested by reduced wilting in Impatiens plants in soils treated with 1× and 2× the recommended rate of surfactant. In the clay soil, use of the surfactant increased the amount of time before Impatiens plants began to wilt. It appears that adding a surfactant to irrigation water can conserve soil moisture and extend the time between water applications.

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Blankenagel, Sonja, Zhenyu Yang, Viktoriya Avramova, Chris-Carolin Schön, and Erwin Grill. "Generating Plants with Improved Water Use Efficiency." Agronomy 8, no. 9 (September 18, 2018): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8090194.

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To improve sustainability of agriculture, high yielding crop varieties with improved water use efficiency (WUE) are needed. Despite the feasibility of assessing WUE using different measurement techniques, breeding for WUE and high yield is a major challenge. Factors influencing the trait under field conditions are complex, including different scenarios of water availability. Plants with C3 photosynthesis are able to moderately increase WUE by restricting transpiration, resulting in higher intrinsic WUE (iWUE) at the leaf level. However, reduced CO2 uptake negatively influences photosynthesis and possibly growth and yield as well. The negative correlation of growth and WUE could be partly disconnected in model plant species with implications for crops. In this paper, we discuss recent insights obtained for Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) and the potential to translate the findings to C3 and C4 crops. Our data on Zea mays (L.) lines subjected to progressive drought show that there is potential for improvements in WUE of the maize line B73 at the whole plant level (WUEplant). However, changes in iWUE of B73 and Arabidopsis reduced the assimilation rate relatively more in maize. The trade-off observed in the C4 crop possibly limits the effectiveness of approaches aimed at improving iWUE but not necessarily efforts to improve WUEplant.

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Yan, M. J., and N. M. Holden. "Water use efficiency of Irish dairy processing." Journal of Dairy Science 102, no. 10 (October 2019): 9525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16518.

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Moreira, Tomaz, Fernando S. Henriques, Maria Do Ceu Matos, and Paula Campos. "Protoplasmic drought resistance and water use efficiency." Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Actualités Botaniques 137, no. 1 (January 1990): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01811789.1990.10826990.

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Robledo, Jessenia M., David Medeiros, Mateus H. Vicente, Aristéa A. Azevedo, Andrew J. Thompson, Lázaro E. P. Peres, Dimas M. Ribeiro, Wagner L. Araújo, and Agustin Zsögön. "Control of water‐use efficiency by florigen." Plant, Cell & Environment 43, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.13664.

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Chakwizira, E., J. M. De Ruiter, S. Maley, S. J. Dellow, M. J. George, and A. J. Michel. "Water use efficiency of fodder beet crops." Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 76 (January 1, 2014): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2014.76.2969.

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Abstract In New Zealand, summer rainfall is unpredictable and usually insufficient to meet crop water requirements. The impact of water availability on yield potential of fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is unknown. A single year, single site replicated field experiment investigating biomass production, water use (WU) and water use efficiency (WUE) was carried out on a deep Templeton silt loam soil at Lincoln in 2013. The experiment had four water treatments: 1: Rain fed control, 2: Full potential evapotranspiration (ETo) replaced weekly, 3: 50% of ETo replaced every 3 weeks and 4: 50% of ETo replaced weekly. Final dry matter (DM) yield differed with treatments, increasing from an average of 24 t/ha for the rain fed crops and those receiving 50% of ETo weekly to 28 t/ha for the full ETo replacement crops and those receiving 50% of ETo once every 3 weeks. Water use more than doubled with full irrigation compared with the rain fed crops (774 vs 316 mm). The WU for the intermediate crops was 483 mm. However, DM yield was higher for the treatment with 50% of ETo replaced every 3 weeks rather than weekly. Water use was related to DM yield and accounted for the observed variation (R2=0.75) in final yield. The WUE decreased with water supply, from 80 kg DM/ha/mm for the rain fed crops to 46 kg DM/ha/mm for the full ETo replacement treatments, and 64 and 57 kg DM/ha/mm for the 50% of ETo replaced weekly and every 3 weeks, respectively. Similar DM yield and marginal WUE for the full ETo treatments and those receiving 50% of ETo replaced every 3 weeks, meant that the most economic WUE was 57 kg DM/ha/mm. Although these results are from a single and site, they suggest that full ETo replacement was uneconomic in this type of soil and therefore partial irrigation to 50% of ETo replaced every 3 weeks may be the optimum for this type of soil. It is recommended to investigate similar treatments on shallow and stony soils. Keywords: Beta vulgaris L., evapotranspiration, water use, water use efficiency, water extraction pattern, water extraction depth.

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S. F. Shih. "Sugarcane Yield, Biomass, and Water-Use Efficiency." Transactions of the ASAE 31, no. 1 (1988): 0142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30679.

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Matt C. Smith, R. Wayne Skaggs, and John E. Parsons. "Subirrigation System Control for Water use Efficiency." Transactions of the ASAE 28, no. 2 (1985): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32284.

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Green, Timothy R., Qiang Yu, Liwang Ma, and Tian-Duo Wang. "Crop water use efficiency at multiple scales." Agricultural Water Management 97, no. 8 (August 2010): 1099–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.03.018.

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Shrestha, Rajendra B., and Chennat Gopalakrishnan. "Water‐use efficiency under two irrigation technologies." International Journal of Water Resources Development 7, no. 2 (June 1991): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900629108722504.

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Griffin, Ronald C. "Achieving Water Use Efficiency in Irrigation Districts." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 132, no. 6 (November 2006): 434–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2006)132:6(434).

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Howell, Terry A. "Enhancing Water Use Efficiency in Irrigated Agriculture." Agronomy Journal 93, no. 2 (March 2001): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.932281x.

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Pimentel, Carlos. "Agronomic Practices to Improve Water Use Efficiency." Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR 3, no. 8 (December 20, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1081.

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Water scarcity, which already occurs for more than a billion people worldwide, will worsen further, and the water supply available for future generations, especially for use in agriculture, will be increasingly restricted (FAO, 2017). Above all, in arid and semi-arid regions, irrigated agriculture uses more than 70 to 80% of the total water available and is essential to increase food production in these regions, where the population is rapidly increasing (TURNER, 2004) [1]. The world’s population in 2004 was more than 6,000,000, of which around 5,000,000 were in developing countries, and 20% of this population has remained undernourished since the 1990s [2]. For this time, water management in agriculture, in the current era of scarcity, should be engaged to implement water use efficiency (WUE), spending fewer resources and producing less expensive plant protein [3,4]. In the past, during the post-war “green revolution”, the paradigm of agriculture was to modify the environment (heavy fertilization, irrigation, and mechanization, with energy expenditure) to adapt it to the plant, with the generation of so-called high-yield varieties (HYVs), with high harvest index (HI: Dry Weight [DW] of the organ harvested. plant DW-1), for mechanized harvesting and responsive to the application of fertilizers, which were cheap at the time [1], but less adapted to the stresses, which was mitigated by energy expenditure, in irrigation and mechanization, and fertilizers applied [5]. For example, in grasses, the induction of progressive tillering, as occurs in the millet and sorghum, is one of the mechanisms of escape from environmental stresses because each inflorescence will have a different period of fertilization increasing the chances of producing some viable panicles [5]. However, this characteristic would prevent mechanized harvesting, but small farmers in marginal areas of agriculture do not use mechanic harvesting. Marginal agriculture areas are frequently subjected to environmental stresses and have soils with poor nutrient content [3]. In the past, during the green revolution, it was always a characteristic undesirable for plant breeding programs to improve yield. In addition, the increase in HI was often obtained with a reduction of volume and root area, which is very important to implement the WUE [6]. Therefore, the genetic basis for the environmental adaptation of the most improved crop by man, such as maize, has been dramatically diminished. After the oil and energy crisis in the 1970s, the paradigm of agriculture has become to modify the plant to adapt it to the environment, with WUE, generating varieties with Low Technological Cost (LCVs) for agricultural production (Figure 1). This adaptation to environmental stresses can also be found in local landraces used by the small farmers living in marginal areas for agriculture, which needs to be better studied and recommended to increase food safety in these areas [3].

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Tomás, Magdalena, Hipólito Medrano, Jose M. Escalona, Sebastià Martorell, Alicia Pou, Miquel Ribas-Carbó, and Jaume Flexas. "Variability of water use efficiency in grapevines." Environmental and Experimental Botany 103 (July 2014): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2013.09.003.

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Tilkian, Gary. "Incentive‐Stacking to Increase Water Use Efficiency." Journal AWWA 115, no. 4 (May 2023): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2086.

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Jákli, Bálint, Merle Tränkner, Mehmet Senbayram, and Klaus Dittert. "Adequate supply of potassium improves plant water-use efficiency but not leaf water-use efficiency of spring wheat." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 179, no. 6 (September 22, 2016): 733–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201600340.

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Bolger, T. P., and N. C. Turner. "Water use efficiency and water use of Mediterranean annual pastures in southern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 6 (1999): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98109.

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There is a perception in the farming and research communities that annual pastures have low produc- tivity and water use, and contribute disproportionately to problems of rising watertables and dryland salinity. Our aim was to determine potential pasture production in relation to water use and the influence of management factors on this relationship. Experiments were initiated at 4 locations along a gradient of 300–1100 mm annual rainfall across the Western Australian agricultural zone. At each site a high input treatment was compared with a low input control. There was a strong linear relationship between water use and pasture production up to 440 mm of growing- season water use. After 30 mm of water use the potential pasture production was 30 kg/ha.mm. An upper limit to pasture production may be reached at about 12 000 kg/ha in this environment due to rainfall distribution patterns and soil water holding capacity in the root-zone. Although pasture production was increased by as much as 3500 kg/ha, water use was generally similar or only slightly more for high input compared with control plots. The marginally higher water use by the high input pastures resulted in an extra 18 mm of water extracted from the subsoil at one location by the end of the third season. A drier subsoil may provide a buffer for storing excess rainfall and reduce deep drainage. Estimated drainage was small at low rainfall sites so even marginal increases in water use by highly productive annual pastures could play a significant role in reducing water loss to deep drainage and mitigating water-table rise and secondary salinisation in low rainfall regions. Management practices aimed at promoting early growth and adequate leaf area should maximise water use, water use efficiency, and yield. The linear relationship defining potential pasture production provides a useful benchmark to farmers.

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Dladla, L. N. T., A. T. Modi, T. Mabhaudhi, and T. P. Chibarabada. "Yield, water use, and water use efficiency of sweet potato under different environments." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1253 (September 2019): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2019.1253.38.

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Tennakoon, S. B., and S. P. Milroy. "Crop water use and water use efficiency on irrigated cotton farms in Australia." Agricultural Water Management 61, no. 3 (July 2003): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3774(03)00023-4.

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Ehmke, Tanner. "Improving water and nutrient use efficiency with Drainage Water Management." Crops & Soils 46, no. 4 (July 2013): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/cs2013-46-4-2.

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Souza, Paulo J. O. P., Thaynara F. Ramos, Lucilene de C. S. Fiel, Vivian D. da S. Farias, Denis de P. Sousa, and Hildo G. G. C. Nunes. "Yield and water use efficiency of cowpea under water deficit." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 23, no. 2 (February 2019): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n2p119-125.

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ABSTRACT The state of Pará is the main regional producer of cowpea, but its yield is still low compared to other states of the Northern region such as Amazonas and Tocantins, due to the management adopted and the water regime during the cycle, since its cultivation is conducted on a rainfed basis. The objective of this study was to evaluate how water deficit imposed during reproductive stage interferes in the yield of cowpea and in its water use efficiency under the climatic conditions of Castanhal, Pará, Brazil, for agricultural planning purposes. The experiment was carried out in Castanhal, northeastern region of the Pará state during the dry season of 2014, 2015 and 2016. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six blocks and four treatments, corresponding to different irrigation depths in the reproductive stage, defined as 100, 50, 25 and 0% of the crop evapotranspiration. Water use efficiency (WUE) was determined by the ratio between total grain yield and total water used in each treatment. Maximum water availability led to an average increase in yield of 58% compared to the treatment without irrigation. Water depths below 260 mm limited yield to values lower than 1,000 kg ha-1. The cultivar adopted had WUE of 4.63 kg ha-1 mm-1, in response to the higher levels of water supply, but showed WUE of 4.31 kg ha-1 mm-1 under water depth of 50% of water demand.

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Yang, H., L. Wang, K. C. Abbaspour, and A. J. B. Zehnder. "Virtual water highway: water use efficiency in global food trade." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 1 (January 2, 2006): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-3-1-2006.

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Abstract. Amid an increasing water scarcity in many parts of the world, virtual water trade as both a policy instrument and practical means to balance the regional, national and global water budget has received much attention in recent years. Built upon the knowledge of virtual water accounting in the literature, this study examines the efficiency of the resource use embodied in the global virtual water trade from the perspectives of exporting and importing countries. Different characteristics between "green" and "blue" virtual water corresponding to rainfed and irrigated agriculture are elaborated. The investigation reveals that the virtual water flows primarily from countries of high water productivity to countries of low water productivity, generating a global saving of water resources. Meanwhile, the domination of green virtual water in the total virtual water trade constitutes low opportunity costs and environmental impacts as opposed to blue virtual water. The results suggest efficiency gains in the global food trade in terms of water resource utilization. The study raises awareness of negative impacts of increasing reliance on irrigation for food production in many countries, including food exporting countries. The findings of the study call for a greater emphasis on rainfed agriculture to improve global food security and environmental sustainability.

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Ya.E., Pulatov. "Water-saving irrigation technologies and water use efficiency in agriculture." Ekologiya i stroitelstvo 4 (2017): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35688/2413-8452-2017-04-004.

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Results of researches of water saving up technologies for irrigation of agricultural crops and effective utilization of water resources in the Tajikistan are described. The comparative estimation of usage methods of water savings is spent and proved that the cheapest method of additional safeguarding of volume of water (up 1000 м3) appeared during introduction of water saving up technologies for irrigation at which expenses is only 1…5 US dollars. It is established that on prospect for maintenance of food safety for Tajikistan it is necessary to develop the suitable new earths for irrigation equal 500…800 thousand hectare, thus a total perspective water fence for all branches of economy will reach volume 18 км3. Lacks of existing system irrigation are revealed that efficiency of use of irrigating water very low and make up from 0.4 to 0.6. Water saving up technologies depending on investment of capital is divided into 2 groups: water saving up technologies, demanding small expenses and demanding big expenses. It is established that at a drop irrigation of a cotton, corn, vegetable cultures and microirrigation of wheat, the economy of irrigating water reaches up to 60 %, and productivity raises in 1.8 … 2.0 times.

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Xie, Yang, and David Zilberman. "Water Storage Capacity versus Water Use Efficiency: Substitutes or Complements?" Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists 5, no. 1 (January 2018): 265–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/694178.

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Cao, Hong-Xing, Zheng-Bin Zhang, Ping Xu, Li-Ye Chu, Hong-Bo Shao, Zhao-Hua Lu, and Jun-Hong Liu. "Mutual physiological genetic mechanism of plant high water use efficiency and nutrition use efficiency." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 57, no. 1 (May 2007): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.11.036.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Water use efficiency'

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