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1
Reddy, V. Ratna. "Water sector performance under scarcity conditions: a case study of Rajasthan, India." Water Policy 12, no. 5 (April 1, 2010): 761–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.135.
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This paper makes an attempt to assess the water sector under scarcity conditions in the State of Rajasthan. It adopts the criteria of physical, economic, financial and equity performance across sub-sectors. The assessment brought out clearly that no indicator has shown satisfactory performance in any of the sub-sectors. Though the urban drinking water sector is relatively better in performance, a lot more needs to be done in order to bring it to the threshold level of economic and financial performance. The huge expenditures incurred in this sector are not going towards real investments that would improve the performance of the sector. Despite the fact that the water sector (except groundwater) is in the hands of the government, equity goals are not achieved. An urban and rich bias is prevalent as far as access to water and public distribution of water. Apart from suggesting some short-term measures to meet the immediate demands, this paper argues that institutional reforms are critical for sustainable water resource management under scarcity conditions.
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Swamy, Raghu Rama D. T. V., Piyush Tiwari, and Anil Sawhney. "Assessing determinants of PPP project performance." Property Management 36, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-08-2016-0046.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the factors that affect the performance of projects being implemented on the public-private partnership (PPP) framework, with specific reference to urban drinking water sector in India. Design/methodology/approach A listing of factors that have a bearing on project performance have been developed based on a review of the literature. Through a survey, seven factors that are relevant to the Indian context were determined. Interviews were then conducted across a cross-section of government agencies, financial institutions, development agencies, private sector entities and consultants to understand the relative importance of these attributes. The analytical hierarchy process was used to develop relative weights of these factors. Findings Ranking and relative weights of the factors in descending order are stakeholder consent and support for water PPP projects (22.1 percent), appropriate project structure (17.4 percent), availability of realistic baseline information (16.2 percent), reasonable water tariffs (13.9 percent), public sector capacity (13.0 percent), well-developed market (9.5 percent) and water sector regulator (7.9 percent). Differences in perceptions amongst various stakeholder groups were also found. Research limitations/implications Water sector has not matured, and with the advent of newer formats of implementation models, there could be significant changes in the sector. As the number of projects available for study is limited, this exercise can be undertaken periodically and updated in relation to experiences in other infrastructure sectors. Practical implications This analysis provides inputs to policymakers and project proponents for structuring more sustainable urban drinking water PPP projects. Originality/value Indian infrastructure PPP market is attracting increased attention from researchers, though not much emphasis is being given to urban drinking water sector. This paper aims to contribute toward filling this research gap.
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Berg, Sanford, and Chen Lin. "Consistency in performance rankings: the Peru water sector." Applied Economics 40, no. 6 (March 2008): 793–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840600749409.
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Al-Assa'd, Tamer, and Johannes Sauer. "The performance of water utilities in Jordan." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 4 (August 1, 2010): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.907.
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This paper aims to measure the relative performance of Jordan's water utilities for water sector (WS) and wastewater sector (WWS), and to investigate the major factors behind their inefficiencies. DEA (non-parametric method) and Tobit model (parametric method) were used at two stages. At the first stage DEA was used to evaluate the utilities' efficiency and to investigate the utilities' scale effect on efficiency. At the second stage Tobit model (regression) is applied to determine the impact of the non-controllable factors on utilities' inefficiencies where the efficiency score is the dependent variable in the regression. The results of DEA showed that there is a potential to reduce inputs level: water supply and operational expense (OPEX) for WS, and treated wastewater and OPEX for WWS, by around 15–20 and 23–27%, respectively. Aqaba and Jarash utilities are the most efficient utilities in the WS, while it is Amman utility in the WWS. The utility size has relatively moderate effect on the relative performance. It is concluded that the medium utility size for WS and large utility size for WWS is the most appropriate. Tobit model results indicate that commercialization activities have a clear positive impact on efficiency improvement for both sectors.
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Ishola, Oluseun A., and Modinat O. Olusoji. "Service Sector Performance, Industry and Growth in Nigeria." International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology 11, no. 1 (January 2020): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.2020010103.
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This article extends previous empirical studies on service-industrial sector interactions and their impact on growth. It provides evidence from quarterly time series data using OLS, from 2010 to 2016 to account for new subsectors introduced from 2010 following the rebasing of the Nigerian economy. The article employs a disaggregated model to capture the individual productivities of subsectors. Series stationarity was determined with the ADF and PP test, thereafter Johansen technique was applied. The results indicate that while both services and the industrial sector contributed significantly to the economic growth (GDP) of Nigeria, some subsectors i.e. public administration, professional, scientific and technical services, transport (road, rail, pipeline, air, water), utilities (electricity, gas, and water supply, sewage, waste management) were found to be deficient. Finally, this article draws some policy implications to further strengthen the service and industrial sectors so as to maximise the potentials therein through the prescription of sector-specific policies.
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Almeida, Rita. "Corporate social responsibility and performance: Evidence from the water industry." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 10 (January 13, 2018): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i10.3091.
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The aim of this research is assessment of the relationship between the adoption of social responsibility practices and the performance of the water sector companies. The complexity of challenges in the water sector means that innovative solutions are required, in the manner businesses are conducted and operated. In order to integrate sustainability into business companies, this investigation identifies performance indicators that recognise the main difficulties facing the water industry and contributes to define strategies sustainability for these companies, since the water market and the inherent value of water as a public good embrace all stakeholders. On the other hand, the financial crisis introduces in society, in general, the demand for greater interest on practices of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR); for this reason, the authors defend the implementation of CSR strategies to get sustainable success in the water sector. Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, financial performance, water sector, Portugal.
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Chopra, Ashish, and Parthasarathy Ramachandran. "Understanding water institutions and their impact on the performance of the water sector in India." Water Policy 23, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 466–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.207.
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Abstract The water crisis in India is no more restricted to a few states or areas. It has started affecting all forms of life, industry, and livelihood, and therefore it emerges as one of the biggest challenges. The water crisis is a direct outcome of the governance and analysis of water institutions, playing a central role in understanding the state of water governance. This study aims to understand the water institutions and their ultimate impact on various aspects of water sector performance in India. A survey was administered to collect information on the perception of water experts on the role and importance of various institutional aspects including water law, policy, and administration in improving water sector performance in India. Factor analysis and multiple linear regression methods were used to find the significant factors of water institutions and their effect on the different aspects of water sector performance in India. The analysis shows that the most important factors for improving the water sector performance are (a) legal accountability provisions, (b) water transfer policies, and (c) use of science and technology application along with reliable data. The level of importance of these significant institutional variables also varies within various performance aspects.
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Berg, Sanford V. "Seven elements affecting governance and performance in the water sector." Utilities Policy 43 (December 2016): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2016.04.013.
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Ahmad Rizani. "ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF EAST JAVA PROVINCE." East Java Economic Journal 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2017): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53572/ejavec.v1i1.3.
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This study aimed to investigate economic growth, regional economic pattern and structure of East Java Province. Other than that, this study also identified anddetermined superior sectors in East Java Province to give an illustration on which superior economic activities to be developed to improve the economic potential in East Java Province. Data employed in this study was secondary data in six years’ time series form 2010 until 2015 about GDP (Gross Domestic Product) for Indonesia, RGDP (Regional Gross Domestic Product) for East Java Province, total population in Indonesia, total population in East Java Province, the number of people living in poverty in Indonesia, and the number of people living in poverty in East Java Province. Data was obtained from Central Statistics Institution Indonesia, National Planning and Development Institution, Central Statistics Institution of East Java Province, and Regional Planning and Development Institution of East Java Province. Analysis tools used in this study included economic performance analysis, ShiftShare, Location Quotient (LQ), Growth Ratio Model (MRP) and Overlay analysis. The results of the study showed that: (1) economic performance index of East Java Province was quite good because during 2011-2015 the province got average economic performance index 0.847; (2) shift-share analysis showed that East Java Province economic showed an improvement during 2010-2015 by 340.769,50 billion rupiahs. Those economic performance improvements in East Java Province could be seen from the positive value of 16 (sixteen) economic activity sectors; (3) according to Location Quotient (LQ) analysis, there were five superior sectors in East Java Province, they were processing industry sector, water procurement sector, waste and recycle management sector, wholesale and retail, auto car and motorcycle reparation sector, accommodation and foods providing sector, and information and communication sector; (4) Growth Ratio Model analysis showed that sectors which had dominants growth and big contribution were construction sector, wholesale and retail, auto car and motorcycle reparation sector, transportation and warehousing sector, accommodation and foods providing sector, information and communication sector financial and insurance service sector, real estate sector, education service sector, health service and social activity sector; (5) Overlay analysis showed that potential economic sector in East Java Province included wholesale and retail, auto car andmotorcycle reparation sector, accommodation and foods providing sector, and information and communication sector; (6) weighing result according to Shift-Share Location Quotient (LQ), and Growth Ratio Model analysis were five sectors based on the highest rank of the most potential weighing result, they were accommodation and foods providing sector, processing industry sector, wholesale and retail, auto car and motorcycle reparation sector, information and communication sector, and construction sector.
JEL Classification : P47, O47, C02, C02, C02, C02
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Nsabimana, René. "Electricity Sector Organization and Performance in Burundi." Proceedings 58, no. 1 (September 14, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wef-06938.
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Burundi faces low access to electricity and low quality of service. It depends on the interconnected networks constructed in the decade of 1980. Despite the different reforms relating to the liberalization and reorganization of the electricity sector, the REGIDESO remains the public company in charge of the production and distribution of electricity. It has also the responsibility to pump, treat, and supply drinking water in the main and secondary urban centers. This paper makes a review of the policies, reform, and organization of the electricity sector in Burundi. We estimate the performance of the electricity sector using descriptive analysis, on the basis of secondary data collected in East Africa and from the World Development Indicators (WDI), and qualitative data obtained through semi-structured interviews and text analysis. Our results show that despite the different reforms undertaken in 2000 and 2015, the electricity sector remains mainly a natural monopoly of the state. As a result, access to electricity and consumption per capita remain the lowest of East Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa as a whole. The electricity sector is also characterized by the poor quality of service due to technical and non-technical losses. Among the non-technical losses, the unpaid bills especially for the public sector are very high. The study recommendation is to implement the reform undertaken in 2000 by splitting the public services of water and electricity, and the one of 2015 by unbundling the electricity sector. Policy implying private participation in the electricity sector and prioritizing regional projects for interconnection to facilitate cross-border trade of electricity are highly recommended.
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Ferreira da Cruz, Nuno, Rui Cunha Marques, Giulia Romano, and Andrea Guerrini. "Measuring the efficiency of water utilities: a cross-national comparison between Portugal and Italy." Water Policy 14, no. 5 (April 28, 2012): 841–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2012.103.
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All over the world, governments are compelling water utilities to improve their efficiency and productivity through reforms and tougher regulatory tools. Despite the different strategies and approaches, the goals remain the same: to make the whole sector more efficient, to curb the profits and ‘quiet life’ of water utilities and pass the productivity gains to customers through reduced prices or better environmental protection and quality of service. The water sectors in Portugal and Italy underwent deep reforms in the 1990s, in pursuit of higher levels of performance. Therefore, there is added interest in measuring the performance of water utilities in these two Mediterranean countries. We assess their performance using composite (global) indicators on a sample of 88 water utilities, for the year 2007. While we compare the performance of the two countries in this sector we also try to identify the impact of the ownership structure on efficiency. Finally, this paper discusses the benchmarking results of our research and draws some policy implications.
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Jayne, Nguthu. "EFFECT OF PRIVATIZATION ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF WATER UTILITIES IN KENYA: A CASE OF WATER COMPANIES UNDER COAST WATER SERVICE BOARD." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 2, no. 1 (February 2, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijfa.246.
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Purpose: This study therefore sought to evaluate the effects of privatization on financial performance of water utilities in line with water sector reforms objectives aimed at improving performance in the sector in Kenya in order to fulfill the global and national goals. The target population of the study was all seven water utilities registered as public limited companies commonly referred to as water service providers (WSPs) that operate under Coast Water Service Board (CWSB) in coast region. Methodology:The study used a census approach hence, included the whole population. Secondary data was used in the study for analysis using the Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to generate descriptive statistics, trend analysis and inferential statistics.Results: Descriptive results indicate that private sector management is an efficient means of privatization which some water companies in Coast County adopt. Delegated management a method of privatization is most used by most Water Service companies as it improves efficiency in operations, productivity and service delivery. Leasing contracts are considered expensive means of privatization; however, it is equally a performance efficient means of privatization. Corporatization on the other hand promotes efficiency and service delivery. Regression results show a positive and significant relationship between private sector participation, delegated management, leasing contracts and corporatization. ANOVA statistics indicate that the overall model was significant. Pearsons’ bivariate correlations show that all the variables had strong and positive correlation, private sector participation (0.893), delegated management (0.151), leasing contracts (0.441)and corporatization (0.536)respectively.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: These results imply that privatization positively affects the overall performance of a company. Through privatization companies are able to positively affect their service delivery, production levels, profitability and increase investment through stock trading.
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Araral, Eduardo, and Yahua Wang. "Does water governance matter to water sector performance? Evidence from ten provinces in China." Water Policy 17, no. 2 (October 9, 2014): 268–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2014.053.
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Water scarcity ranks as one of China's most serious problems today and in the foreseeable future. Rapid urbanization and industrialization and the attendant problems of overconsumption, pollution and inefficient water use have driven and will continue to drive China's water crisis. Most scholars assert that improving water governance is the key to water security in developing countries including China. However, there are very few empirical studies to support this claim. We compare water governance in 10 Chinese provinces in terms of 17 indicators of water laws, policies and administration based on a survey of 89 water experts. We then explore the effects of water governance on water sector performance in terms of adequacy of drinking water, availability of water resources and water productivity. Our findings are consistent with the literature and our expectations but more rigorous studies are needed to establish causal links between governance mechanisms and performance.
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Simon, Laura Margarete, and Helmut Lehn. "The sustainability performance of the water and sanitation services in Santiago de Chile." Water Supply 12, no. 6 (October 1, 2012): 854–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2012.061.
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The water and sanitation sector in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago de Chile (MRS) is mainly privately owned or operated. The sector prides itself on having a modern and effective regulatory framework. Nevertheless there are still sustainability deficits existing as far as governance structures and integrated water resource management are concerned. This paper analyzes the sustainability performance of the sector by using integrated sustainability indicators. The research focuses on institutional and governance aspects and the ecological, economic and social impacts of the newly privatized water and sanitation sector. Detected sustainability deficits, conclusions and possibilities for actions are presented.
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Kayaga, Sam. "Soft systems methodology for performance measurement in the Uganda water sector." Water Policy 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2008): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.153.
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Water and sanitation services in developing countries are delivered in an extremely complex institutional environment, characterised by “soft” problems, that is problems with significant political and social components whose “what” and “how” cannot be defined early in the intervention process. A problem situation common in developing countries depicting “soft” characteristics is how to improve the effectiveness and efficacy of existing performance measurement systems to track the progress towards achievement of water/sanitation-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Such problem situations are better handled using soft systems methodology (SSM), a methodology recommended by Professor Checkland and his research colleagues at Lancaster University, UK. In 2003, SSM was applied in an intervention that aimed to improve performance measurement systems in the Uganda water/sanitation sector. Through strong participation of the key stakeholders, a team of researchers with their local counterparts in Uganda developed and field tested a performance measurement framework. According to an evaluation by the international donor community, policy makers and managers in the sector, the past three annual water/sanitation sector performance reports compiled using the performance measurement framework have depicted a progressive qualitative improvement.
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Jiang, Yi, and Xiaoting Zheng. "Private Sector Participation and Performance of Urban Water Utilities in China." Economic Development and Cultural Change 63, no. 1 (October 2014): 155–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677739.
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Marques, Rui Cunha, and Hugo Consciência Silvestre. "Regulation performance of public–private partnerships in the Portuguese water sector." Journal of Strategic Contracting and Negotiation 3, no. 3 (September 2017): 157–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055563618799069.
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Starting from transaction costs (and new institutional economic approaches, this study sought to understand the influence of the regulatory structure and incentives on the performance of public–private partnerships in Portugal. The findings of this case study show that agency participation in the mediation process between parties is time consuming and improper from a technical perspective; in addition, the agency is captured by political interests, which does not favor users’ interests or the sustainability of water services. Thus, the regulatory structure and incentives cannot be dependent on political nominations, and existing contractual rules need to be reassigned.
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Kumar, Surender, and Shunsuke Managi. "Service Quality and Performance Measurement: Evidence from the Indian Water Sector." International Journal of Water Resources Development 26, no. 2 (June 2010): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900621003655726.
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De Witte, Kristof, and Rui C. Marques. "Designing performance incentives, an international benchmark study in the water sector." Central European Journal of Operations Research 18, no. 2 (September 17, 2009): 189–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10100-009-0108-0.
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Li, Li. "Private sector participation and performance of county water utilities in China." China Economic Review 52 (December 2018): 30–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2018.06.001.
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Nyathikala, Sai Amulya, Tooraj Jamasb, Manuel Llorca, and Mukul Kulshrestha. "Utility governance, incentives, and performance: Evidence from India's urban water sector." Utilities Policy 82 (June 2023): 101534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2023.101534.
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Araral, Eduardo. "Improving effectiveness and efficiency in the water sector: institutions, infrastructure and indicators." Water Policy 12, S1 (March 1, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.010.
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This special edition is devoted to the theme of water institutions, infrastructure and performance indicators and how they matter to the effectiveness and efficiency of the water sector. It explores many questions which have not been adequately addressed in the literature. For example, what do we know about institutional reforms in the water sector? Can regulation improve the performance of government-controlled water utilities? What explains the choices amongst governance mechanisms in the water sector? How do political institutions affect water sector performance? How do we construct an index of drinking water adequacy? Can the media influence the formation of beliefs about the “yuck” factor in water reuse? Empirical examples are drawn from various countries and regions around the world. Contributors include economists, sociologists, political scientists, consultants, water policy professionals and staff of donor agencies. The methodological approaches employed range from meta-analyses, comparative analyses, content analyses, statistical and econometric analyses, as well as single case studies.
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Giannetti, Biagio Fernando, Fábio Sevegnani, Roberto R. M. García, Feni Agostinho, Cecília M. V. B. Almeida, Luca Coscieme, Genguyan Liu, and Ginevra Virginia Lombardi. "Enhancing the Assessment of Cleaner Production Practices for Sustainable Development: The Five-Sector Sustainability Model Applied to Water and Wastewater Treatment Companies." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 30, 2022): 4126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074126.
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The world’s water resources are under pressure due to human activities. The challenges surrounding water resources management include enhancing long-term water security and minimizing undesirable economic, social, and environmental impacts, along with the production chain. Since water and wastewater treatment plants are designed to maintain and conserve freshwater provisioning services, understanding how they operate—prior to proposing options for sustainability—is of paramount importance. The diagnostic phase calls for scientifically-based, systemic, and more objective methods to provide information for decision-makers regarding strategic management of water resources. This work applied the FIVE SEctor SUstainability (5SEnSU) model to assess twenty major water and wastewater treatment companies (WWTC) in Brazil, to quantify sustainability levels that allowed ranking procedures, and to establish benchmarks for improvements. On a comparative basis, the results identified the top-three sustainable companies—CORSAN, CASAN, and SANEPAR—which should be considered as examples of best practices. Specifically, the following best-ranked companies in each sector within 5SEnSU should be used as benchmark patterns for more oriented best practices: SANEAGO, sector 1; AGESPISA, sector 2; CORSAN, sector 3; CASAL, sector 4; MA, sector 5. This work contributes toward the advancement of sustainability assessment modeling in human-managed systems (applied in WWTCs in this present study) from systemic- and epistemologically-rooted approaches, avoiding shortcomings and misleading discussions on the sustainability issue. Quantifying sustainability of WWTCs using the 5SEnSU model allows for the identification of those sectors/indicators that require immediate cleaner production practices by decision-makers, to improve overall sustainability, as well as to identify which companies are more aligned with the requirements of UN SDGs. The decision-makers would be able to visualize balanced or unbalanced relationships among all sectors and propose actions that would improve the performance in a given sector, realizing what effects a given action would cause in the other sectors of the system.
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Ramos, Helena M., Jorge G. Morillo, Juan A. Rodríguez Diaz, Armando Carravetta, and Aonghus McNabola. "Sustainable Water-Energy Nexus towards Developing Countries’ Water Sector Efficiency." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 13, 2021): 3525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123525.
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Water management and energy recovery can improve a system’s sustainability and efficiency in a cost-effective solution. This research assesses the renewable energy sources used in the water sector, as well as the related water sector performance indicators within Portuguese water management systems. A deep analysis of 432 water entities in Portugal, based on ERSAR data base, was conducted in order to identify factors to be improved regarding the system efficiency. On the other hand, the potential energy recovery developed in the REDAWN project was also used as a reference for the application of micro hydropower (MHP) solutions in the water sector. A water and energy nexus model was then developed to improve the systems efficiency and sustainability. A real case study in Africa, the Nampula water supply system, located in Mozambique, was selected as a promising potential for energy recovery. The application of a pump-as-turbine (PAT) allows the reduction in system costs and environmental impacts while increasing its efficiency. The proposed MHP has a capacity to generate ~23 MWh/year, providing significant savings. The developed economic analysis indicates the project is profitable, with an IRR ~40% depending on the energy selling price. This project can avoid the emission of more than 12 tCO2 to the atmosphere, and it can help to reduce the system’s real losses by more than 10,000 m3/year. Consequently, it creates a total economic benefit of 7604 EUR/year.
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Maria Saleth, R., and G. S. Sastry. "Water supply and sanitation sector of Karnataka, India: status, performance and change." Water Policy 6, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 161–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2004.0011.
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Although the water supply and sanitation sector of the state of Karnataka in India has made significant progress in terms of area coverage and, to some extent, meeting consumption targets, two tasks, i.e. fulfilling the unmet backlog demand and meeting the water needs of future population, continue to remain as its major challenges. Based on an analysis of the data and information pertaining to the sector during 1999–2001, this paper aims to assess the financial capacity and reform commitment of the state to meet these sectoral challenges successfully. Towards this end, this paper (a) describes the current status and recent performance of the sector, (b) reviews the financial health of the sector including an estimation of the magnitude of budgetary subsidy, (c) discusses the causes for and consequences of subsidy growth; (d) identi.es the issues and strategies for sectoral reforms including an evaluation of some recent reform initiatives and (e) concludes by highlighting the major implications for sectoral policy in the state in particular and India and other developing countries in general.
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Häggmark, Tobias, and Katarina Elofsson. "The Impact of Water Quality Management Policies on Innovation in Nitrogen and Phosphorus Technology." Water Economics and Policy 07, no. 01 (January 2021): 2150002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x21500028.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effects on innovation of environmental regulations aimed at reducing eutrophication. We focus on innovations in nitrogen and phosphorus management technology in the wastewater treatment sector and the agricultural sector. Patent data from Sweden over a 50-year period is used as a measure of innovation. We estimate a negative binomial regression model in a reduced form and by the use of control-functions, taking into account environmental regulation as well as more general determinants of innovation. Our results suggest that increased regulation has induced innovation in the wastewater treatment sector, both in the long and short run. The short-run effect was estimated to 40–70% in the years immediately following the introduction of new environmental regulations. A corresponding effect could not be identified in the agricultural sector. The difference between the sectors is likely explained by differences in policy design, where performance standards are applied in the wastewater sector, while design standards and technology-specific subsidies dominate in the agricultural sector.
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Cunha Marques, R., and A. J. Monteiro. "Application of performance indicators to control losses - results from the Portuguese water sector." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0095.
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More and more the problem of water losses and leakages in water supply systems is becoming important in the management of water utilities. No matter how developed a country is, there is a growing and general awareness of this subject. Among the several motivations that contribute to this growing concern are, without doubt, the shortage of resources availability in several water supply systems on the one hand and, on the other hand, the economic value of the volume of water lost. Portugal is no exception. In recent years, there has been some dynamism in the sector in the accounting, control, leakages and loss detection, mainly in the biggest systems. This paper presents an approach to the control of water leakages and losses through the setting of performance indicators that allow the evaluation and characterization of the management entity for this aspect. Some results of those indicators will also be described here, as well as their application to several Portuguese water utilities and the assessment methodology of the results obtained. This paper also puts into evidence expressions and correlation curves between the different indicators and factors that directly or indirectly interfere in the result of the water utilities’ performance with relation to the water losses and leakages presented.
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Muiruri, Beatrice Wambui, and Shadrack K. Bett. "Project Management Practices and Performance of Organizations within the Water Sector in Kenya." International Journal of Business Management, Entrepreneurship and Innovation 2, no. 3 (October 10, 2020): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/jbmed.v2i3.136.
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This project is on project management practices and performance of water projects of Othaya-Mukurweini Water Services Company Limited. The need to implement successful water projects calls for optimum practices. As a developing country, Kenya is faced with project management challenges. Whilst projects in general have their challenges regarding implementation and consequently success, water projects in particular are plagued by a unique set of problems and challenges. This knowledge will provide important information that can be integrated to project cycle before or towards completion by government, private and non-governmental organizations. Lessons drawn from this study will be utilized by the communities, implementing water projects to address the project performance challenges and plan the better ways of implementing the water projects. The objectives of this study included how planning, stakeholder involvement, monitoring & evaluation affect the performance of Othaya-Mukurweini Water and Sanitation Company Limited. Key theories put into perspective in this study were systems theory, stakeholder theory, agency theory and balance score card theory. The study adopted the descriptive research design to allow the researcher to study phenomena without manipulation of variables. The target population was the clientele and staff of OMWASCO. The findings of this study were generalized to all other water companies in Kenya. The target population was 351 comprising of customers and staff of OMWASCO.This study employed systematic sampling on the beneficiaries of the two projects, whereby 30% of customers and project staff on each project area were interviewed. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. In the course of primary data collection unwilling respondents were encountered especially with revealing information classified as confidential. They were however reassured of utmost confidentiality and relevant authorization documents attached to the questionnaires. Secondary data was obtained from relevant publications and literature review from libraries. Data was tabulated and analyzed for purpose of clarity, using SPSS software. The study concluded that project planning, stakeholders’ involvement and monitoring & evaluation have a positive and significant effect on the performance of water projects of Othaya-Mukurweini Water Services Company Ltd. The study recommends that the organizations within the water sector in Kenya should implement their project planning by first defining the steps involved in project planning so that they can determine what and processes where cost reduction can be done, what can be done to reduce costs. The study recommends that for organizations within the water sector in Kenya to achieve their objectives, they should align the annual goals to their major change initiatives or quality programs and integrate them into the stakeholder involvement. The study further recommends that organizations within the water sector in Kenya should identify monitoring & evaluation ways that can help enhance performance of organizations within the water sector in Kenya.
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Topchieva, Mariya. "THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL FARMS IN RELATION TO THEIR SECTOR AND PRODUCTION SYSTEM." Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, Suppl.1 (2019): 555–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.s.01.088.
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Greenhouse gas emissions, nitrogen and phosphorus emissions to water, air and soil are agriculture’s main environmental externalities, which contribute to significant negative impacts, such as climate change, water and terrestrial eutrophication and loss of biodiversity, among others. The environmental performance of agricultural farms differs significantly depending on the sector, on the production system, and on the applied production practices. Therefore, the potential for reduction of the farms’ negative environmental impacts varies significantly. By means of literature review and analysis, the article aims to present an overview of the environmental impacts of the agricultural farms, considering their sector and production system. As a result, an outline of farms with the lowest to highest negative environmental impact is presented. This distinction allows for further analysis of the factors contributing to the most polluting and resource-intensive production practices in agriculture. In conclusion, mitigation potentials and opportunities for improving the environmental performance of farms are given, with relevance to the specific sectors and production systems.
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Sutikno. "ANALISIS PERUBAHAN KINERJA DAN STRUKTUR EKONOMI KABUPATEN SIDOARJO SEBELUM DAN SAAT TERJADINYA SEMBURAN LUMPUR LAPINDO." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jep.v8i2.3613.
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This study aims to identify patterns of growth and structural change in the economic sector and to analyze the performance of economic sectors and social-economic impact of the “Lumpur Lapindo” on the area in Sidoarjo. Analyze to identify patterns of growth and contribution to economic sectors and the performance of economic sectors, thus are: Location Qoution, Ratio Analysis of Growth Models, and Analysis Overley. Based on the results of base analysis, the potential and performance the economic sector before and during the “Lumpur Lapindo” occurred, indicating that the amount of the basic sector and the potential sectors in the District of Porong, Tanggulangin, and Jabon decreased in the event of “Lumpur Lapindo”. Based on the results of analysis of social-economic losses from the Lapindo mudflow, the following results are obtained. Lapindo mudflow incident has caused damage to property in the area around the blast center. Damaged assets consist of: 1) Land and buildings housing residents; 2) productive plants such as rice, sugarcane, and pulses; 3) Buildings and equipment; 4) infrastructure such as toll roads, electricity networks, irrigation networks, water network, telecommunications networks, gas pipelines, with total losses estimated at Rp 33.27 trillion.
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Ferro, Gustavo, and Carlos A. Romero. "Setting performance standards for regulation of water services: Benchmarking Latin American utilities." Water Policy 13, no. 5 (April 23, 2011): 607–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2011.042.
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The aim of this study is to estimate both stochastic and mathematical programming efficiency cost frontiers for the Latin American water sector, by means of econometric and Data Envelopment Analysis techniques, using the ADERASA database. ADERASA is the Latin American association for water regulators, which has made a systematic job of data collection, among other initiatives. This study fills a gap in the understanding of relative efficiency in the Latin American water sector, using a consistent database. First, we present a survey of the empirical literature related to cost and production frontiers in the water and sanitation sector. Second, once alternative specifications were chosen, models have been estimated and environmental variables included in an exploratory way. The coefficients have the expected signs and plausible values. Some consistency between methodologies is found. This paper yields two results. The better knowledge of the underlying cost (or production) model is a first step to using benchmarking as a regulatory tool. The policy implications are relatively straightforward. With benchmarking technology it is possible to coordinate the action of different regulators, each with their own asymmetry of information. The key is setting indicative standards which constitute the basis of further discussion.
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Vikaliana, Resista. "ANALISIS IDENTIFIKASI SEKTOR PEREKONOMIAN SEBAGAI SEKTOR BASIS DAN SEKTOR POTENSIAL DI KOTA BOGOR." Transparansi Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi 9, no. 2 (February 12, 2018): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/trans.v9i2.24.
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This study aims to determine the sectors that become the basis sector and non-base in the city of Bogor, then to know the performance of each sector in the city of Bogor, and to know the sector that became a potential sector in the city of Bogor. The research was conducted by using Location Quotient / LQ method. In the city of Bogor, from the period of 2011 to 2015 there is one sector of the highest base of electricity and gas procurement sector. Of the 16 economic sectors, the economic sector including the basic sector in 2011 is the procurement of electricity and gas, the transportation and warehousing sectors, the financial services sector and insurance and other services sectors. In addition to these four sectors in 2011, in 2012-2015, it increased by 7 sectors, to 11. The additional sectors were water supply, waste management, waste, construction, and large and retail trade sectors; car and motorcycle repair, accommodation, food and beverage sector, information and communications sector, corporate services sector, health services sector and social activities. then that included in the non-base sector is the other five sectors.In the city of Bogor the performance of the economic sector can be explained that the sector that has the average value of Regional Growth (PR) is the highest sector of procurement of electricity and gas. This value indicates that the growth of electricity and gas procurement sector in Bogor City is higher than that of Indonesia. In Bogor City from 2011 to 2015 included in the potential sector is sector. Then from these sectors, the most potential sector or the most potential sector is the electricity and gas procurement sector.From the results of research that has been obtained by researchers, the researchers provide suggestions that must be taken are as follows: First, the base sector should be more maintained and developed again without exclude development against other sectors. The electricity and gas procurement sector that contributes to the GRDP should be developed by industrializing in cooperation with investors, so that the contribution from the gas and electricity procurement sector can increase again. Second, planning in development should be given to sectors that have the potential to be developed as a top priority so that development can be carried out more optimally.
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Kuks, Stefan M. "The privatisation debate on water services in the Netherlands: public performance of the water sector and the implications of market forces." Water Policy 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2006.0010.
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Legally adopted in France and the UK, privatization of water services is still vigorously debated in the Netherlands. Advocates of privatization believe it is the best way to save on utility costs and to increase their transparency. Opponents believe that the Dutch water sector already provides high quality services for low prices, including an additional public performance that is expected to be excluded in a free market. The author argues that the performance of water service providers should not be assessed only in terms of efficiency, but in terms of the effects on the entire water system as well as the protection of small customers. It is quite possible that without privatization, a public agency could also improve its efficiency and become more competitive in relation to other service providers. Privatization seems to be more a matter of political ideology (based on a belief that the public sector operates inefficiently) than a matter of hard facts. The success of privatization depends at least on the performance of a complementary public regulatory regime. The question should not be whether the public or the private sector performs better hypothetically, but how the actual performance regarding public goods and services can be improved.
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Kwame Adom, Richard, and Mulala Danny Simatele. "Enhancing Employee Performance in the Water Sector in South Africa: The Role of Training and Skill Development Programmes." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 7 (July 23, 2022): 446–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220749.
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Training and development are regarded as essential tools for any organisation to achieve its goals. It is widely acknowledged that many institutions invest in their employees' development to enhance their performance and improve productivity. Nevertheless, many institutions in South Africa, including the water sector, regard training and staff development as needless expenditure and often do little to augment their employees' knowledge and skills resulting in lower outputs and a dissatisfied population. Based on these challenges, this paper employed the purposive sampling technique to draw a sample of 100 out of a total of 300 employees from the water sector in four provinces to analysed whether training and development is relevant in enhancing employees’ performance in the water sector. The findings revealed that training and development is not a priority in the sector, and that there are no strategic planning or policy guidelines for staff development. It was further found that training programmes in the sector is bedevilled with both systemic and structural challenges. This paper, therefore, recommend integrative approach to the training of employees and carefully thought-out programmes that identify employees’ weaknesses and introduce strategies that will enable the employees to enhance their skills and expertise at a minimum cost. Keywords: Training, Development, Performance, Public Sector Employees, Water Department .
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Vataj, Gjelosh Gjon, and Zenel Sejfijaj. "Possibilities for Improving Energy Efficiency at Water Utility Sector." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 5, no. 3 (March 10, 2020): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2020.5.3.1762.
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Energy efficiency plays an important role in all water sectors. Energy is one of the largest operating costs for water system. For water utility systems, energy is needed for transports of raw water, water treatment process, water storage and distribution. Energy usage can vary based on water source, treatment type, facility age, storage capacity, topography, and system size, which encompasses volume produced and service area. Water Companies are well known with importance of reducing energy consumption and costs as a means to optimize overall system performance and to provide a safe water supply. But managing staff of the water system and operators may not be fully aware of the options available to them to manage their energy budget or to identify, prioritize and fund energy improvement projects. By applying energy efficiency, water utility sectors can build a successful energy management program and achieve energy savings. This paper discusses energy issues facing public water utility sector, steps that responsibility personnel can take to understand and reduce their energy use and costs, and funding resources for energy efficiency. Main focus in this paper is to perform possibilities for increasing energy efficiency of the Pumping Station in Milloshevë which supply with raw water Treatment Plant in Shkabaj, Kosovo.
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Syamsuri, Helmy, and Amril Arifin. "Management strategy of increasing revenue potential to improve local government performance." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 11, no. 4 (June 5, 2022): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i4.1770.
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This study aims to analyze the management strategy of increasing revenue potential to improve the performance of the local government of Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The type of research is quantitative with a descriptive approach. The technique of data analysis is Klassen Typology analysis, a technique of grouping a sector by seeing the growth and contribution of certain sectors to the total Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) from 2016 to 2020. Based on the results of the analysis, there will be a policy in determining management strategies if revenue potential to improve local government performance. The study found that the leading sectors are agriculture, forestry, fisheries, electricity and gas procurement, real estate, government administration, defense and social security. The management strategies of these sectors are intensification, partnership, and improvement of human resources. However, the developing sector does not exist. The potential sectors are mining and quarrying, water supply, waste management, waste and recycling, construction, providing accommodation for food and drink, and information and communication. The management strategies of these sectors are education, innovation and partnerships. While, the underdeveloped sectors are manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade sectors; car and motorcycle repair, transportation and warehousing, financial and insurance services, corporate services, education services, health services and social activities, and other services. The management strategies of these sectors are extensification or expansion.
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Marques, Rui Cunha, Pedro Simões, and Sanford Berg. "Water sector regulation in small island developing states: an application to Cape Verde." Water Policy 15, no. 1 (October 17, 2012): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2012.057.
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Small island developing states (SIDs) present challenges for analysts and policy-makers who attempt to strengthen nationwide infrastructure. This study examines the case of one SID to illustrate how benchmarking can improve the performance of water utilities. The archipelago-nation of Cape Verde is characterized by severe water scarcity and relatively low income. These national characteristics have been considered the main constraints for the development of water supply services and for avoiding the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Analysts find a close relationship between the socioeconomic conditions of a country and the precarious quality of water services, including their level of coverage. Nevertheless, one of the goals for the creation in 2003 of a multi-sector regulator (ARE) was to improve sector performance in meeting citizens' expectations. To achieve significant network expansion and cost containment will require the regulator and operators to draw lessons from countries who have successfully addressed water issues despite comparable socioeconomic/hydrologic features. This study provides the rationale for a regulatory model based on performance indicators (to quantify and evaluate operator performance) and benchmarking/yardstick competition (to incentivize utility managers). It recommends a design for a performance evaluation system and discusses the major issues associated with its implementation.
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Patiung, Markus, and Nugrahini Wisnujati. "ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF ECONOMIC SECTOR IN PROBOLINGGO DISTRICT EAST JAVA PROVINCE – INDONESIA." Agricultural Social Economic Journal 20, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2020.20.4.2.
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Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) is the amount of gross added value arising from all economic sectors in the region. It aims to help formulate regional policies, plan and evaluate development results, and provide information that can describe the regional economic performance. The purpose of this research is to analyse sustainable economic sector in Probolinggo district east Java province – Indonesia. A sustainable sector means a sector that is currently included as a basis and will remain a basis sector in the future even if the growth is slow or fast. The analytical methods used include analysis of Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), and Klassen Typology. Of the 17 economic sectors that contributed to the PDRB of Probolinggo district, with the results of the LQ analysis, 7 sectors were in basic categories and 10 sectors were in non-basic categories. Results of the comparative analysis of LQ and DLQ indicates that there are 5 leading sectors, 2 prospective sectors, 6 mainstay sectors, and 4 lagging sectors. The results of the classification typology analysis consisted of 3 fast-growing and fast-growing sectors, 7 sectors is growing fast, 4 advanced and slow-growing sectors, and 3 relatively lagging sectors. From the three analysis results, it can be seen that the sustainable sectors are agriculture, forestry, and fisheries (second rank ); electricity and gas procurement sector (first rank); water supply, waste management, waste and recycling sectors (third rank); health service sector and social activities (fourth rank); other service sectors (rank fifth); processing industry sector; construction sector; transportation and warehousing sector; the accommodation and food and drink provision sector; information and communication sector; and the education services sector.
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Vataj, Gjelosh Gjon, and Zenel Sejfijaj. "The Possibilities for Improving Energy Efficiency at Water Utility Sector." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 3 (March 10, 2020): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.3.1762.
Full textAbstract:
Energy efficiency plays an important role in all water sectors. Energy is one of the largest operating costs for water system. For water utility systems, energy is needed for transports of raw water, water treatment process, water storage and distribution. Energy usage can vary based on water source, treatment type, facility age, storage capacity, topography, and system size, which encompasses volume produced and service area. Water Companies are well known with importance of reducing energy consumption and costs as a means to optimize overall system performance and to provide a safe water supply. But managing staff of the water system and operators may not be fully aware of the options available to them to manage their energy budget or to identify, prioritize and fund energy improvement projects. By applying energy efficiency, water utility sectors can build a successful energy management program and achieve energy savings. This paper discusses energy issues facing public water utility sector, steps that responsibility personnel can take to understand and reduce their energy use and costs, and funding resources for energy efficiency. Main focus in this paper is to perform possibilities for increasing energy efficiency of the Pumping Station in Milloshevë which supply with raw water Treatment Plant in Shkabaj, Kosovo.
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Suleiman, Lina, and Göran Cars. "Water supply governance in Accra: “authentic” or “symbolic”." Water Policy 12, no. 2 (November 9, 2009): 272–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.162.
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This paper uses a governance theory framework to analyse the introductory process for the private sector managing and operating the public water utility Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). The analysis was performed from three standpoints: process inputs, process conduct and process outcomes. The consultation process on involvement of the private sector was hostile and resulted in a “light” form of private sector participation in the form of a management contract that can be considered a de facto compromise, although not deliberate, by stakeholders. The challenges in improving the water sector performance and water supply services are profound. Because of continuing institutional, social, political and legal constraints, the involvement of the private sector per se is not the solution to providing long-term improvement in water services. The article concludes that it is misleading to leapfrog from government to governance, calling for the transmission of a governance “recipe”, as conceptualised in the Western context, and to assume that it can work in an unaccommodating institutional context.
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Pérez, R., S. de las Heras, J. Aguilar, J. Pascual, A. Peralta, and E. Landeros. "District management areas characterisation in water network based on clustering." Water Supply 9, no. 5 (December 1, 2009): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2009.633.
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The division of a network in different sectors is a usual practice in Water Companies. It improves the management of the network in different senses. Sectors have more homogenous characteristics and need specific cares and treatments that is not the same all through the network. Specifically for leakage detection and assessment it is interesting to know the performance of the sector before any leakage detection strategy is applied. In this paper a characterisation methodology for the sectors is presented. This methodology is based on the knowledge provided by the company but has been analysed using clustering techniques. The main objective of the classification was to give a scope of the different types of sectors present in the network. A decision table based on the relevant descriptors was built. This allowed choosing three interesting pilot sectors for the leakage detection methodology study.
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Mocholi-Arce, Manuel, Ramon Sala-Garrido, Maria Molinos-Senante, and Alexandros Maziotis. "Performance assessment of the Chilean water sector: A network data envelopment analysis approach." Utilities Policy 75 (April 2022): 101350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2022.101350.
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Larbi, George. "Performance Contracting In Practice: Experience and lessons from the water sector in Ghana." Public Management Review 3, no. 3 (September 2001): 305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616670110044018.
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Merkel, W. "International Report: Performance assessment in the water industry." Water Supply 2, no. 4 (September 1, 2002): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0133.
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National contributions from 16 countries and additional information were used for an international state-of-the-art report on performance assessment (PA) in the water industry. The purposes of this international report are i) to discuss areas of PA within the water supply and wastewater sector, ii) to analyse aspects of practical relevance and iii) to look on future trends and developments. Several aspects of PA are discussed, such as the quality and the availability of data, the importance of definitions and explanatory factors, the use of information from PA, and practical aspects such as willingness to participate and costs. Standardised PA frameworks of the International Water Association (IWA), the World Bank, and the Water Utility Partnership are presented, and an outlook on research and development of PA tools is given.
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Owako, Emanuel, and Charles Nyangara. "Strategic resource allocation and performance of Kisumu Water and Sewerage Company, Kenya." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, no. 4 (June 14, 2021): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i4.1211.
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Kisumu Water and Sewerage Company has consistently struggled to achieve its envisioned accepted performance range of 80-90% set by the Water Sector Regulatory Board standards, for instance, the company performance was estimated at 76% against business plan target of 80% despite having unlimited access to government subsidies, donor grants, commercial loans and enabling policy environment based on performance review of Kenya’s water services sector 2017/2018. This study sought to establish the influence of strategic resource allocation on performance of KIWASCO. The study adopted a correlation research design with a sample size of 68 respondents selected through Stratified random sampling and data collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics of correlation and regression were used. The study established a significant influence of resource allocation (p<0.001) on organizational performance at 5% level of significance. It was concluded that for desired performance of KIWASCO to be realized, effective resource allocation should be done to increase investments in infrastructural expansion and rehabilitation, wastage reduction, improved service quality, maximized consumer services and improved cash flow. The study recommends that the WASH sector reforms should prioritize resource allocation for implementation of strategies. Future research should explore the moderating role of strategic leadership in similar companies and trends across business periods within similar regulatory context.
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Rosyadi, Imron, and Cicih Ratnasih. "The Economic Structure and Employment Opportunities (Cases in Bengkulu, Indonesia)." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (September 27, 2021): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.1074.
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This study examines the effect of changes in the economic structure on employment opportunities in Bengkulu Province and determines the necessary economic policies. Besides, this study also aims to measure and compare all economic sectors and the total sector productivity of each sector. The method used is explanatory research. The subjects in this study were Bengkulu Province. The data used in the measurement of research variables are secondary in time in data series from 1983–2017. It is for 34 years. The required data is from the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Bengkulu Province. Hypothesis testing was analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The result showed that changes in the economic structure had a simultaneous effect on job opportunities. The agriculture sector's contribution is positively more influence, the electricity and drinking water sector, the transportation and communication sector, the trade and hotel sector, and the services sector. Changes in Economic Structure have a simultaneous effect on job opportunities. Partially, job opportunities are more positively influenced by the contribution of the agricultural sector (X1), buildings (X4), electricity and drinking water (X5), transportation and communication (X6), trade and hotels (X7), financial and rental sector variables. Rent (X8) and services (X9). The increased contribution from these sectors can increase job opportunities to be higher. In this model, the magnitude of the effect simultaneously is R2 = 66.1%. The remaining 33.9% can explain by other factors not examined, such as education, health, environmental, and performance factors.
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Rosyadi, Imron, and Cicih Ratnasih. "The Economic Structure and Employment Opportunities (Cases in Bengkulu, Indonesia)." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (September 27, 2021): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.1074.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the effect of changes in the economic structure on employment opportunities in Bengkulu Province and determines the necessary economic policies. Besides, this study also aims to measure and compare all economic sectors and the total sector productivity of each sector. The method used is explanatory research. The subjects in this study were Bengkulu Province. The data used in the measurement of research variables are secondary in time in data series from 1983–2017. It is for 34 years. The required data is from the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Bengkulu Province. Hypothesis testing was analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The result showed that changes in the economic structure had a simultaneous effect on job opportunities. The agriculture sector's contribution is positively more influence, the electricity and drinking water sector, the transportation and communication sector, the trade and hotel sector, and the services sector. Changes in Economic Structure have a simultaneous effect on job opportunities. Partially, job opportunities are more positively influenced by the contribution of the agricultural sector (X1), buildings (X4), electricity and drinking water (X5), transportation and communication (X6), trade and hotels (X7), financial and rental sector variables. Rent (X8) and services (X9). The increased contribution from these sectors can increase job opportunities to be higher. In this model, the magnitude of the effect simultaneously is R2 = 66.1%. The remaining 33.9% can explain by other factors not examined, such as education, health, environmental, and performance factors.
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Silvestre, Hugo Consciência. "Public–private partnership and corporate public sector organizations: Alternative ways to increase social performance in the Portuguese water sector?" Utilities Policy 22 (September 2012): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2012.01.002.
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Kovshun, Nataliia, Nina Kushnir, Vladyslav Solodkyy, Alla Zhemba, and Oksana Kliukha. "Rating of economic entities in the sector as a component of water resources management." E3S Web of Conferences 408 (2023): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340801023.
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The study is devoted to the problem of analysing the activities of water management organizations. Such an analysis is an important component of water resources management since many important tasks (technological, environmental, economic, and others) are assigned to water management organizations. It is proposed to use ratings for a comprehensive assessment of the performance of budgetary water management organizations. This methodology involves the use of individual indicators of their activities, which can be grouped into blocks as well as combined into generalized indicators. The initial stage of rating the organization’s activity is its assessment by individual parameters that form the main components of the activity, such as financial, intellectual, personnel, technological, informational, environmental, etc. Based on these data, an integrated assessment of the level of performance of organizations is carried out. The rating result for a separate period is given. The gathered array of data for the year will more objectively reflect the performance of the organization than quarterly data. Dynamic analysis in the context of the years under study will also allow identifying changes that have occurred in the rating of water management organizations as a result of identifying reserves and implementing measures aimed at improving their performance.
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Carp, Belinda. "Performance Apparel: Challenges & Innovations." AATCC Review 20, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ar.20.3.1.
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Companies operating in the performance apparel sector tend to react quickly and innovatively to the challenges which they face. Innovation is the industry's response to a range of current challenges.<br/> Some of the current challenges include creating a more sustainable supply chain; reducing water pollution; applying the principles of a circular economy; traceability in the apparel supply chain; and streamlining logistics across geographical regions.