Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Water resources and environmental modelling'
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Huang, Shaochun. "Modelling of environmental change impacts on water resources and hydrological extremes in Germany." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/5974/.
Full textWasserressourcen werden in Quantität und Qualität von Veränderungen in der Umwelt, insbesondere von Änderungen des Klimas und der Landnutzung, in signifikantem Maße beeinflusst. In dieser Arbeit wurden die Auswirkungen von Klimavariabilität und Klimawandel auf die Wasserressourcen und Extremereignisse wie Hoch- und Niedrigwasser in Deutschland untersucht. Die Analyse erfolgte auf der einen Seite modellgestützt, wobei die Ergebnisse aus verschiedenen regionalen Klimamodellen durch ein ökohydrologisches Modell in Änderungen in den hydrologischen Prozessen transformiert wurden, zum anderen aber auch datengestützt, z.B. durch die statistische Interpretation von beobachteten und simulierten Zeitreihen. Zusätzlich wurden die Auswirkungen von Landnutzungsänderungen auf Umsatz von Stickstoff in der Landschaft und im Wasser untersucht, wobei dasselbe ökohydrologische Modell zum Einsatz kam. Im Rahmen des Klimawandels wird zur Mitte dieses Jahrhunderts die aktuelle Evapotranspiration in den meisten Teilen Deutschlands mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit zunehmen. Die täglichen Abflussmengen der fünf größten Flussgebiete in Deutschland (Ems, Weser, Elbe, Obere Donau und Rhein) werden dieser Untersuchung zur Folge im Sommer und Herbst um 8%-30% geringer sein als in der Referenzperiode (1961-1990). 80% der Szenariensimulationen stimmen darin überein, dass die 50-jährigen Niedrigwasserereignisse zum Ende dieses Jahrhunderts mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit häufiger in den westlichen, den südlichen und den zentralen Teilen Deutschlands auftreten werden. Die gegenwärtige Niedrigwasserperiode (August-September) könnte sich zudem dann bis in den späten Herbst ausweiten. Für alle Flüsse werden höhere Winterabflüsse erwartet, wobei diese Zunahme für die Ems am stärksten ausfällt (ca. 18%). Mit größerer Unsicherheit sind dagegen die Aussagen zur Entwicklung der Hochwasser behaftet. Aus den Ergebnissen, die durch unterschiedliche regionale Klimamodelle und Szenarien getrieben wurden, kann jedoch kein allgemeingültiges Muster für die Änderungen der 50-jährigen Hochwässer ausgemacht werden. Eine optimierte Landnutzung und ein optimiertes Landmanagement sind für die Reduzierung der NO3-Einträge in die Oberflächengewässer essentiell. In den Einzusgebieten der Weißen Elster und der Unstrut (Elbe) kann eine Zunahme von 10% in der Anbaufläche von Winterraps zu einer 12-19% höheren NO3 Fracht führen. Mais, eine weitere Energiepflanze, hat hingegen einen mäßigeren Effekt auf die Oberflächengewässer. Die Höhe der Gabe von mineralischen Düngern beeinflußt zudem in starkem Maße die Nitratbelastung von Flüssen. Zwischenfrüchte können den NO3-Austrag im Sommer zusätzlich erheblich verringern. Insgesamt bleibt die Unsicherheit in der Vorhersage von Spitzenabflüssen und im Besonderen von Extrem-Hochwässern als Folge unterschiedlicher regionaler Klimamodelle, Emissionsszenarien und Realisationen sehr hoch. Im Gegensatz dazu erscheinen die Projektionen zu den Niedrigwasserereignissen unter wärmeren Bedingungen sehr viel deutlicher und einheitlicher. Die größte Unsicherheit in der Modellierung von NO3 dagegen sind die Eingangsdaten z.B. für das lokale landwirtschaftliche Management.
Moulds, Simon. "Toward integrated modelling systems to assess vulnerability of water resources under environmental change." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45312.
Full textHuang, Shaochun [Verfasser], and Axel [Akademischer Betreuer] Bronstert. "Modelling of environmental change impacts on water resources and hydrological extremes in Germany / Shaochun Huang. Betreuer: Axel Bronstert." Potsdam : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1023607468/34.
Full textHassan, Muhammad. "Exploratory groundwater modelling in data-scarce environments : the shallow aquifer of river Yobe basin, north east Nigeria." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2002. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11343.
Full textBarbour, Emily. "Quantitative modelling for assessing system trade-offs in environmental flow management." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109583.
Full textTshimanga, Raphael Muamba. "Hydrological uncertainty analysis and scenario-based streamflow modelling for the Congo River Basin." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006158.
Full textCrookes, Douglas John. "Modelling the ecological-economic impacts of restoring natural capital, with a special focus on water and agriculture, at eight sites in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71628.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: The restoration of natural capital has ecological, hydrological and economic benefits. Are these benefits greater than the costs of restoration when compared across a range of dissimilar sites? This study examines the impact of restoration at eight case study sites distributed throughout South Africa. The benefits of restoration include improved grazing values and crop yields, improvements in water yield and quality, soil carbon improvements, wild products, lumber, fuelwood and electricity. The impact of restoration on all forms of natural capital (i.e. cultivated, replenishable, renewable and non-renewable) is therefore quantified. The costs of restoration include depreciation on capital expenditure, labour costs, equipment and bond refinancing costs. The literature review done during this study presents three frameworks. The first framework classifies social science using the classification scheme of Burrell and Morgan. It shows that system dynamics modelling and neoclassical economics share the same epistemological and ontological characteristics, both of these fall within the naturalistic paradigm, which also characterises most of scientific research. System dynamics modelling and neoclassical economics, however, digress in the Flood and Jackson classification scheme, which is the second framework for classifying social science. Neoclassical economics is characterised by a small number of elements and few interactions between the elements. Systems dynamics modelling, on the other hand, is characterised by a large number of elements and many interactions between the elements. The nature-freedom ground motive is subject to a number of criticisms, including the fact that it introduces dualistic thinking into the analysis, as well as that it does not adequately address normative or moral issues. The framework of Dooyeweerd, the third framework, is presented as a means of transcending the nature-freedom ground motive. Although the nature-freedom ground motive is largely utilised in this study, the analysis does transcend the traditional economic approach in a number of areas. These include, for example, a focus on transdisciplinary methods, disequilibria, adopting a case study approach, and empirical estimation instead of theoretical models. The restoration case studies in this study are examples of individual complex systems. Eight system dynamics models are developed to model interactions between the economic, ecological and hydrological components of each of the case studies. The eight system dynamics models are then used to inform a risk analysis process that culminates in a portfolio mapping exercise. This portfolio mapping exercise is then used to identify the characteristics and features of the different case study sites based on the risk profile of each sites. This study is the first known application of system dynamics, risk analysis and portfolio mapping to an environmental restoration project. This framework could potentially be used by policymakers confronted with budgetary constraints to select and prioritise between competing restoration projects.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die restorasie van natuurlike kapitaal het ekologiese, hidrologiese en ekonomiese voordele. Maar is hierdie voordele groter as die kostes verbonde aan restorasie wanneer dit oor verskeie ongelyksoortige terreine vergelyk word? Hierdie studie bestudeer die impak van restorasie op agt verskillende studie terreine versprei regoor Suid-Afrika. Die voordele van restorasie sluit die volgende in: beter weiding waardes en oes opbrengste, verbeterde water lewering en water kwaliteit, verbetering van grondkoolstof, wilde produkte, hout, brandstofhout en elektrisiteit. Die impak van restorasie op alle vorme van natuurlike kapitaal (gekultiveerd, aanvulbaar, hernubaar en nie-hernubaar) is daarom gekwantifiseer. Die kostes van restorasie sluit in ‘n vermindering in kapitaal uitgawes, arbeidskoste, toerusting en verband herfinansieringskoste. Die literatuurstudie hou drie raamwerke voor. Die eerste raamwerk klassifiseer sosiale wetenskappe volgens die Burrel en Morgan klassifikasie skema. Dit wys daarop dat dinamiese stelsel modellering en neoklassieke ekonomie dieselfde epistemologiese en ontologiese eienskappe deel; beide val binne die naturalistiese paradigma, wat dan ook meeste wetenskaplike navorsing tipeer. Stelseldinamiese modellering en neoklassieke ekonomie wyk egter af na die Flood and Jackson klassifikasie skema, wat die tweede raamwerk is waarvolgens sosiale wetenskappe geklassifiseer word. Neoklassieke ekonomie word gekenmerk aan 'n klein aantal elemente en 'n beperkte hoeveelheid interaksie. Stelseldinamiese modellering het egter 'n groot aantal elemente met veel meer interaksies tussen hierdie elemente. Die natuur-vryheid grondmotief is onderworpe aan 'n aantal punte van kritiek, insluitende die feit dat dit dualistiese denke in analise inbring. Verder spreek dit ook nie voldoende die normatiewe of morele kwessies aan nie. Die raamwerk van Dooyeweerd, wat dan die derde raamwerk is, word voorgestel as 'n wyse waarop die natuur-vryheid grond-motief getransendeer kan word. Alhoewel die natuur-vryheid grondmotief grootliks gebruik word in hierdie studie, transendeer die analise die tradisionele ekonomiese benadering op 'n aantal gebiede. Hierdie gebiede sluit die volgende in: 'n fokus op transdissiplinere metodes, onewewigtigheid, 'n gevallestudie benadering, en empiriese skatting in plaas van teoretiese modelle. Die restorasie gevallestudies wat in hierdie studie gebruik word is voorbeelde van individuele komplekse sisteme. Agt dinamiese stelsel modelle word ontwikkel om die interaksies tussen ekonomiese, ekologiese en hidrologiese komponente in elke gevallestudie te modelleer. Hierdie agt stelseldinamiese modelle word dan gebruik in 'n risiko analise proses wat uitloop op 'n portefeulje plot oefening. Hierdie portefeulje plot oefening word dan gebruik om eienskappe en kenmerke van verskeie gevallestudie terreine te identifiseer gebaseer op die risiko profiel van elke terrein. Hierdie studie is die eerste bekende toepassing van dinamiese stesels, risiko analise en portefeulje plot tot 'n omgewingsrestorasie projek. Hierdie raamwerk kan potensieël gebruik word deur beleidskrywers wat met begrotings beperkinge gekonfronteer word om tussen restorasie projekte te kies en om hulle te prioritiriseer.
Emigh, Anthony James. "Predicting floods from space: a case study of Puerto Rico." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6730.
Full textBohdanowicz, Paulina. "Responsible resource management in hotels : attitudes, indicators, tools and strategies." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Energy Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4131.
Full textChong, Natalie. "Beyond Evidence-Based Decision Support : Exploring the Multi-Dimensional Functionality of Environmental Modelling Tools. Comparative Analysis of Tool." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1005.
Full textAs the sun sets on the age of unlimited growth and consumption, the call for progressively robust, adaptive and integrated solutions to address ‘wicked’ environmental problems has ushered in a new paradigm that has fundamentally changed the practices of both science and management. Emphasis on collaborative, integrative and participative approaches has given rise to burgeoning science-practice-policy arrangements while necessitating new tools to support the implementation of increasingly demanding regulation. In the context of water resources, models have emerged as fundamental tools favoured by scientists and practitioners alike, owing to their ability to advance scientific understanding of water systems functioning, while at the same time supporting key decisions in the management, policy and planning of river basins. A wide range of modelling tools have been developed to study the numerous physical, chemical, and biological processes at work, on different spatial and temporal scales, with varying levels of complexity. At the same time, models provide practitioners with a practical tool for supporting ‘evidence-based’ policy by transposing complex problems into technical, ‘manageable’ solutions. Yet, their application in practice has proven far from proportional to the amount of time and resources that have been invested in their development.This thesis aims to elucidate the enduring divide between science, practice and policy in the context of a new paradigm of science and management through the lens of modelling tools and their role at the science-practice-policy interface. Using a qualitative approach, we draw from two empirical examples: the PIREN-Seine in France and the CRC for Water Sensitive Cities in Australia. While both share similar challenges, methods and objectives, the fundamental difference in their strategies and approaches offers a rich foundation for comparison. In doing so, we explore the driving forces, implications and potential consequences of the parallel paradigm shifts in science and management, focusing on three main aspects: 1/ the use and utility of modelling tools to support water management, policy and planning; 2/ the different modalities of addressing uncertainty in model-based decision support, and; 3/ the role of new science-practice-policy arrangements. By first retracing the history of production and use of modelling tools in both examples, we seek to understand the nuanced relationship between ‘use’ and ‘utility’, offering insight into influencing factors. Next, we turn to the question of uncertainty by analysing how researchers and practitioners reconcile the fundamental challenge of uncertainty in model-based decision support. Delving deeper into the complex, negotiated social process that comprises the decision-making context, we focus on the social construction of ignorance and its role in decision-making. Finally, we examine the macro-level changes brought about by the paradigm shift in science and management. Amidst these changes, we seek to understand the emergence and functions of ‘boundary organisations’ in this new epoch, and their role in the quest for robust, adaptive and sustainable solutions
James, Tosin. "Changes in Land Use Land Cover (LULC), Surface Water Quality and Modelling Surface Discharge in Beaver Creek Watershed, Northeast Tennessee and Southwest Virginia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3747.
Full textClare, Evan. "DECOMPOSING A WATERSHED’S NITRATE SIGNAL USING SPATIAL SAMPLING AND CONTINUOUS SENSOR DATA." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/87.
Full textAronsson, Johanna. "Användning av tredimensionell geologisk modellering i hydrogeologiska utredningar : En fallstudie inför anläggandet av ett akviferlager i Brunkebergsåsen i Stockholm." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-118515.
Full textSaid, Md Azlin b. Md. "Water resources modelling using remotely sensed data." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340765.
Full textJarmander, Anna. "Modellering av grundvattendynamiken och transport av löst organisk kol i Uppsalaåsen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447876.
Full textI Uppsala är Uppsalaåsen central för vattenförsörjningen då den förser staden med rent dricksvatten året om. De senaste åren har det observerats en oroväckande ökande trend av halten löst organisk kol (DOC) i grundvattnet. Med ett ökande dricksvattenbehov finns det även planer på att öka den konstgjorda grundvattenbildningen vilket riskerat att öka halterna ännu mer. Examensarbetets syfte var att återskapa grundvattendynamiken med en modell och öka förståelsen för transport av organisk kol i Uppsalaåsen och därefter prediktera möjliga konsekvenser av ökad infiltration. Projektet ämnade dessutom att undersöka om det i framtiden finns en risk att gränsvärdet för organiskt kol i Uppsalas dricksvatten överskrids. I projektet användes modellkoden MODFLOW tillsammans med GMS för att skapa en förenklad, tredimensionell grundvattenmodell. Modelldomänet var en avgränsad del av Uppsalaåsen från Tunåsens infiltrationsanläggning till Galgbackens uttagsområde. Inledningsvis upprättades en konceptuell modell i GMS som sedan konverterades till en numerisk steady-state modell. Modellen kalibrerades efter uppmätta grundvattennivåer och efter tidigare känd transporttid för sträckan Tunåsen – Galbacken. Därefter utfördes simuleringar för fyra scenarion, 0, A, B och C, med varierande infiltration och uttag. För varje scenario utfördes sedan simuleringar med tre olika koncentrationer av halten löst organiskt material i infiltrationsvattnet; 7, 15 och 30 mg/L. I modellen togs det ej hänsyn till någon nedbrytning av DOC, tillskillnad från den nedbrytning på 50 % som har observerats i åsen. Resultatet visade att det är möjligt att återskapa den grundvattendynamik som observerats inom modelldomänet med en förenklad modell. För de olika scenariona visade resultaten att transporttiden minskar med ökad infiltration och ett ökat uttag. I förhållande till scenario 0 visade resultaten på en procentuell minskning av transporttiden på 24, 28 och 60 % för respektive scenario A, B och C. Den kortaste transporttiden erhölls således i scenario C på 183 dagar, jämfört med 293 dagar i scenario 0. Resultaten som erhölls visade även att transporttiden är den dominerande faktorn som påverkar det organiska materialets transportsträcka. Slutligen visade resultatet att det finns en risk att halten av organiskt material överstiger Livsmedelverkets gränsvärde för dricksvatten om koncentrationen av DOC i infiltrationsvattnet är hög i kombination med en kort transporttid.
Syed, Mofazzal. "Data driven modelling for environmental water management." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54592/.
Full textHarrison, Kenneth Watson. "Environmental and Water Resources Decision-Making Under Uncertainty." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06042002-150804/.
Full textSigfridson, Marcus. "Skyddsinfiltrationens influensområde för en fallstudie : - modellering och osäkerheter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390702.
Full textTo evaluate the area of influence due to artificial infiltration several analytical models are available. Some of the parameters taken into account by these models are the hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient, but with these models some assumptions, which in reality cannot be fulfilled, are made. An alternative approach to evaluate the area of influence is therefore with numerical models, which in a greater extent account for the site-specific conditions. Due to this, numerical models are more time consuming and require more input data. This project aims to investigate the most effective approaches to evaluate the area of influence due to artificial infiltration for a case study in Bromsten, located 15 kilometers northwest of Stockholm. Two numerical models, with different background data due to the extent of site knowledge, were developed to represent the site's geological settings and groundwater properties to simulate the groundwaterlevels with and without infiltration. Moreover the area of influence were calculated with four analytical models. All of the models were then applied on four different scenarios, in which the data resolution and the site knowledge increased. Site-specific data was added as a result of geological surveys and hydrogeological tests. The study also aims to answer which data is most important in order to determine the area of influence with analytical and numerical models and what differences there are between the analytical solutions compared with the numerical solutions. Among the methods investigated, constructing a more complex model with data from scenario 4, the scenario with the greatest data supply, resulted in the most reliable results and was therefore the best method and the method to choose for this case-study. Other results indicated that the numerical models first of all are sensitive to the conductivity and that the more simpel numerical model is sensitive to the storage coefficient as well. The last result shows that this model does not reach the steady state conditions as observed in field, which highlights the importance of goetechnical investigation for the numerical models. Moreover none of the numerical models were sensitive to the specific yield. Among the analytical models the storage coefficient was the most important followed by the conductivity. For one of the analytical models (Sichardts formula) the conductivity was the most sensitive parameter. The thickness of the aquifer had no significant impact on the analytical models.
Shahjahan, Mosharefa. "Integrated management of water resources in Bangladesh /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs525.pdf.
Full textRicci, Edward D. "Environmental Hazard Evaluations." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296376.
Full textBaresel, Christian. "Environmental management of water systems under uncertainty." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Mark- och vattenteknik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4396.
Full textPourfathali, Kasmaei Leila. "Long Term Environmental Modelling of Soil-Water-Plant Exposed to Saline Water." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik (flyttat 20130630), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-99344.
Full textYarde, Richard Roy 1969. "State capacity for water resources planning." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291640.
Full textRobinson, Allan. "Integrated systems modelling of the interaction between water resources and agriculture." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3903.
Full textCounsell, Christian John Adam. "End-to-end ensemble modelling for water resources planning under uncertainty." Thesis, Open University, 2018. http://oro.open.ac.uk/56567/.
Full textAbbas, Salam A. A. "Hydrological modelling for integrated water resources management in a changing climate." Thesis, Swansea University, 2018. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43733.
Full textManning, Jill Anna. "Water resources of west Cape Cod : an investigation of water supply and demand planning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43357.
Full textBuscemi, Pablo E. (Pablo Edgardo) 1964. "Integrating water resources management : analysis of the St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, water market." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29324.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 103-105).
The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of the water resources management of the St. Thomas water market. By applying the framework for Integrated Water Resources Management, the actual water resources situation in the island was analyzed. This framework requires meeting three criteria: economic efficiency in water use, environmental and ecological sustainability, and equity in the access to water for all the population. The study includes the assessment of available water supply and water demand by use, and the evaluation of alternative and feasible supply options to augment freshwater resources. Three potential main supply strategies for freshwater supply were identified and compared based on: 1) economic efficiency in water use, 2) environmental and ecological sustainability, and 3) equity in the access to water for all people. Four integrated strategies for future development and management of water resources in the island were recommended: 1) Gradually phasing out desalination based on distillation as the main strategy of water supply. This supply can be replaced with distributed reverse osmosis desalination and by importing water by submarine pipeline from Puerto Rico. 2) Gradually expanding the distribution system to the entire population, applying the funds saved by shifting to more cost-effective and sustainable freshwater supply alternatives. 3) Developing water trading policies within the island as well as with neighboring islands. 4) Improving accountability for available water supplies, which is a basic need for water managers and planners informed decision making.
by Pablo E. Buscemi.
M.Eng.
Sahu, Reetik Kumar. "Multi-agent real-time decision making in water resources systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120636.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 77-83).
Optimal utilization of natural resources such as water, wind and land over extended periods of time requires a carefully designed framework coupling decision making and a mathematical abstraction of the physical system. On one hand, the choice of the decision-strategy can set limits/bounds on the maximum benefit that can be extracted from the physical system. On the other hand the mathematical formulation of the physical system determines the limitations of such strategies when applied to real physical systems. The nuances of decision making and abstraction of the physical system are illustrated with two classical water resource problems: optimal hydropower reservoir operation and competition for a common pool groundwater source. Reservoir operation is modeled as a single agent stochastic optimal control problem where the operator (agent) negotiates a firm power contract before operations begin and adjusts the reservoir release during operations. A probabilistic analysis shows that predictive decision strategies such as stochastic dynamic programming and model predictive control give better performance than standard deterministic operating rules. Groundwater competition is modeled as a multi-agent dynamic game where each farmer (agent) aims to maximize his/her personal benefit. The game analysis shows that uncooperative competition for the resource reduces economic efficiency somewhat with respect to the cooperative socially optimum behavior. However, the efficiency reduction is relatively small compared to what might be expected from incorrect assumptions about uncertain factors such as future energy and crop prices. Spatially lumped and distributed models of the groundwater system give similar pictures of the inefficiencies that result from uncooperative behavior. The spatially distributed model also reveals the important roles of the geometry and density of the pumping well network. Overall, the game analysis provides useful insight about the factors that make cooperative groundwater management beneficial in particular situations.
by Reetik Kumar Sahu.
Ph. D. in Computational Science and Engineering
Al-Mohannadi, Hassan I. "Water resources in the State of Qatar : toward holistic management." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2001. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/4752/.
Full textYurdusev, Mehmet Ali. "Integration of environmental concerns into large-scale water-resources planning models." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388126.
Full textHerrera, Catalán Pedro, and Oscar Millones. "Estimating the Cost of Mining Pollution on Water Resources: Parametric and Nonparametric Resources." Economía, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117289.
Full textEn este estudio se aproximan los costos económicos de la contaminación ambiental minera sobre los recursos hídricos para 2008 y 2009 en el marco conceptual de la Eficiencia Medioambiental, que interpreta dichos costos como el trade-off de los empresarios mineros entre incrementar su producción que es vendible a precios de mercado (output deseable) yreducir la contaminación ambiental que se desprende de su proceso productivo (output no deseable). Dichos costos económicos fueron calculados a partir de fronteras de posibilidades de producción paramétricas y no paramétricas para 28 y 37 unidades mineras en los años 2008 y 2009 respectivamente, las que estuvieron bajo el ámbito de la Campaña Nacional deMonitoreo Ambiental de Efluentes y Recursos Hídricos que realizó el Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Energía y Minería (Osinergmin) en dichos años. Los resultados indican que los costos económicos de la contaminación ambiental minera sobre los recursos hídricos ascendieron, en promedio, para los años 2008 y 2009, a US$ 814,7 millones,y US$ 448,8 millones, respectivamente. Dichos costos estuvieron altamente concentrados en pocas unidades productivas, así como en pocos parámetros de contaminación, y fueron mayores en unidades mineras con producción media/baja de minerales. Dado que en la actualidad el sistema de multas y sanciones en el sector minero se basa en criterios administrativos, el estudio propone un Sistema de Sanciones Ambientalmente Eficiente basado en criterios económicos
Stubbs, Christopher M. (Christopher Michael). "Integrated water resources management in the Chao Phraya River basin, Thailand." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40593.
Full textSurvis, Felicia D. "Beyond Water Restrictions| Informing Effective Lawn Watering Behavior." Thesis, Florida Atlantic University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10300326.
Full textEvaluating trends of historical rainfall on a weekly and seasonal basis is needed for optimizing the design and implementation of lawn water conservation strategies like outdoor water restrictions. While “day of the week” water restrictions are a typical strategy to limit the frequency and duration of urban lawn water use, they may not necessarily result in more conservative behaviors from end-users. Because weekly rainfall and local climate variables are seldom taken into account in water restriction strategies, they are not connected to actual lawn water demand. However, since lawn water demand is directly related to weekly rainfall totals, not to a particular number of watering days per week, water restriction schedules have the potential to unintentionally promote overwatering. This study investigated the weekly patterns of average seasonal rainfall and evapotranspiration in South Florida to determine the typical variability of weekly net irrigation needs and found that typical wet season weekly rainfall often provides a significant amount of water to meet the demand of residential lawns and landscapes. This finding underscores opportunity to reduce supplemental overwatering in residential landscapes if watering guidelines were modified to recognize seasonal average weekly rainfall in this region.
This study also tested a rainfall-based water conservation strategy to determine if providing residents with information about how local rainfall could promote more effective lawn watering behavior than just water restrictions alone. Experimental households reduced lawn water use by up to 61% compared to the control group by the end of the study. These results demonstrate that the neighborhood “rain-watered lawn” signs helped experimental study group households become more aware of rainfall as the primary input of water to their lawns. This study also investigated the role that lawn irrigation from self-supplied sources plays in the urban lawn water demand and investigates how the lawn water use and lawn watering behaviors of households that source from self-supply differ from those who source from the public supply.
Nechifor-Vostinaru, V. "Modelling freshwater resources use and the economic impacts of demand-driven water scarcity." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10049597/.
Full textMekonnen, Kefyalew. "The economics of developing water resource projects in the Ethiopian Nile River basin : their environmental, and transboundary implications /." The economics of developing water resource projects in the Ethiopian Nile River basinRead the abstract of the thesis, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17380.pdf.
Full textKhan, Adil A. "Race for water resources among Beaufort / Jasper, SC and Effingham / Chatham, GA counties." Thesis, Savannah State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1537007.
Full textThe municipal and public officials in Beaufort/Jasper, South Carolina (SC) and Effingham/Chatham, Georgia (GA) counties in the lower Savannah River Basin (LSRB) are faced with a dilemma of supplying potable water on an equitable basis to their communities from the surface and groundwater that has been partially polluted and/or is not sustainable. State regulatory agencies have implemented strategies to protect the regional water resources from further degradation of ecosystems, but these remedies are not addressing a crucial issue. The potable water issue is more critical than simply affecting to protect the local ecosystem. Hence, the thesis question is:
Can current strategies, by the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC) and the Georgia Environmental Division (GAEPD), secure potable water sources from the lower Savannah River Basin in the region, potentially provide effective, efficient, and equitable results?
Economic development and demographic changes have equally impacted the surface and groundwater. Groundwater was the primary source of potable water in predevelopment (prior to industrial revolution) and even post development era, but gradually became unsustainable. The alternative surface water source has also been polluted by the industrial and domestic wastewater treatment plant discharges. Surface water contains natural organic compounds, and even that has been overwhelmed by the added pollutants in wastewater treatment plant effluent. This has further increased formation of potential carcinogenic disinfection and disinfection byproducts in potable water. The carcinogen removal process has become expensive, but the potential risk for contamination remains problematic.
To answer the research question, interviews and surveys were conducted. The population for this research consists of municipal and public officials and water treatment professionals. The samples were selected due to their expertise and responsibility to supply safe drinking water to their communities. Collected data analyzed using Microsfot Excel to arrange in matrixes, and explained in simple narratives. The results were summarized and recommendations were made.
Most of the subjects agreed that water resources are not sustainable at current usage rate in the region. Groundwater is not sustainable and surface water quality has deteriorated due to organic pollutants in the industrial and domestic wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents. The cost of producing safe drinking water from partially or potentially polluted surface water is higher than the cost of processing groundwater. The cost of desalination of seawater or brackish well water is even higher than ground or surface water treatment.
Seawater desalination is not a cost effective option now. However, conflicting interests regarding the switch over to seawater desalination as long as surface water treatment operating cost remains lower than the seawater desalination, surface water will remain a sustainable source.
Although seawater desalination is a more sustainable strategy to produce potable water in the Low Country Region. Surface water treatment is less expensive and in turn, local professionals view it as the best option. This I believe is a limited short term viewpoint, which does not address longterm sustainability issues. Efforts regulatory agencies and utilities, to produce safe drinking water from surface water will continue in the Lower Savannah River Basin (LSRB).
Wang, Lizhong. "Cooperative Water Resources Allocation among Competing Users." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/867.
Full textThe first phase of the CWAM methodology includes three methods for deriving initial water rights allocation among competing water uses, namely the priority-based multiperiod maximal network flow (PMMNF) programming, modified riparian water rights allocation (MRWRA) and lexicographic minimax water shortage ratios (LMWSR) methods. PMMNF is a very flexible approach and is applicable under prior, riparian and public water rights systems with priorities determined by different criteria. MRWRA is essentially a special form of PMMNF adapted for allocation under the riparian regime. LMWSR is designed for application under a public water rights system, which adopts the lexicographic minimax fairness concept. The second step comprises three sub-models: the irrigation water planning model (IWPM) is a model for deriving benefit functions of irrigation water; the hydrologic-economic river basin model (HERBM) is the core component of the coalition analysis, which searches for the values of various coalitions of stakeholders and corresponding optimal water allocation schemes, based on initial water rights, monthly net benefit functions of demand sites and the ownership of water uses; the sub-model cooperative reallocation game (CRG) of the net benefit of the grand coalition adopts cooperative game solution concepts, including the nucleolus, weak nucleolus, proportional nucleolus, normalized nucleolus and Shapley value, to perform equitable reallocation of the net benefits of stakeholders participating in the grand coalition. The economically efficient use of water under the grand coalition is achieved through water transfers based on initial water rights.
Sequential and iterative solution algorithms utilizing the primal simplex method are developed to solve the linear PMMNF and LMWSR problems, respectively, which only include linear water quantity constraints. Algorithms for nonlinear PMMNF and LMWSR problems adopt a two-stage approach, which allow nonlinear reservoir area- and elevation-storage relations, and may include nonlinear water quality constraints. In the first stage, the corresponding linear problems, excluding nonlinear constraints, are solved by a sequential or iterative algorithm. The global optimal solution obtained by the linear programming is then combined together with estimated initial values of pollutant concentrations to be used as the starting point for the sequential or iterative nonlinear programs of the nonlinear PMMNF or LMWSR problem. As HERBM adopts constant price-elasticity water demand functions to derive the net benefit functions of municipal and industrial demand sites and hydropower stations, and quadratic gross benefit functions to find the net benefit functions of agriculture water uses, stream flow demands and reservoir storages, it is a large scale nonlinear optimization problem even when the water quality constraints are not included. An efficient algorithm is built for coalition analysis, utilizing a combination of the multistart global optimization technique and gradient-based nonlinear programming method to solve a HERBM for each possible coalition.
Throughout the study, both the feasibility and the effectiveness of incorporating equity concepts into conventional economic optimal water resources management modeling are addressed. The applications of CWAM to the Amu Darya River Basin in Central Asia and the South Saskatchewan River Basin in western Canada demonstrate the applicability of the model. It is argued that CWAM can be utilized as a tool for promoting the understanding and cooperation of water users to achieve maximum welfare in a river basin and minimize the damage caused by water shortages, through water rights allocation, and water and net benefit transfers among water users under the regulated water market or administrative allocation mechanism.
Scott, Robin M. "Development of environmental water monitors based on hydrostatic and flourescence detection techniques." Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2491.
Full textOlagunju, Kehinde. "Drinking Water Quality Perception Survey in the SIUE Community." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10685668.
Full textWater quality perception is borne out of various factors, which include taste, risk perception, water chemical and microbial parameters, trust in supplier, among others. This study addressed some of the factors that influence drinking water quality perception in the SIUE community for tap and bottled water. This was done through a survey that was delivered to the students, faculty, administration, staff, and alumni members of the university; a link to the online survey was provided via the school email, and a total number of 779 respondents participated in the survey. Some of the variables used in this study are based on general concern for taste, cost, water-chemicals (such as lead), drinking water behavior as well as demographic variables such as age, knowledge level and ethnicity. This study is based on data received from the survey conducted of the SIUE population for undergraduates, graduates, faculty, staff, administration, and alumni. Data were analyzed using several statistical methods including Spearman rank correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results indicated that age and ethnicity have a significant impact on water quality perception. Drinking water behavior, age, and knowledge are well correlated in this study; therefore, they were not able to be separated.
Buahin, Caleb A. "Advancing the Cyberinfrastructure for Integrated Water Resources Modeling." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6901.
Full textMederer, Joachim. "Water Resources and Dynamics of the Troodos Igneous Aquifer-system, Cyprus - Balanced Groundwater Modelling -." Doctoral thesis, kostenfrei, 2009. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-wuerzburg/volltexte/2009/3730/.
Full textAssefa, Kibreab. "Groundwater recharge modelling: linkage to aquifers and implications for water resources management and policy." John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/22212.
Full textKareem, Hayder. "Study of water resources by using 3D groundwater modelling in Al-Najaf region, Iraq." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/111826/.
Full textAl-Gunied, Hussien Alawi. "Environmental impact asssessment of wastewater management in the Republic of Yemen." Thesis, University of Salford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244833.
Full textPagan, Brianna Rita. "Understanding the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in Southern California." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/889.
Full textAdams, Lauren. "Optimized Reservoir Management for Downstream Environmental Purposes." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10973511.
Full textIn regulated rivers, reservoir operation decisions largely determine downstream river temperature and flow. Computational methods can minimize the risk and uncertainty of making regrettable environmental release decisions and aid operations planning and performance prediction. Mathematical modeling in particular can optimize the timing and magnitude of reservoir release decisions for downstream benefit while accounting for seasonal uncertainty, water storage impact, and competing water demands. This dissertation uses optimization and modeling techniques, modifying traditional optimization modeling to include temporal correlation in outcome variables and incorporating long-term planning and risk management into prescribed reservoir operations. The proposed method is implemented in one case, a) with a state variable that tracks outcome benefits over time (fish population size) and, in another case, b) with a maximin stochastic dynamic program solution algorithm that maximizes net operational benefit and minimizes worst-case outcomes (for cold water habitat delivery). This method is particularly useful for environmental flow management, when the water quality and quantity of the river and reservoir in one time step affect the quantity and quality in the reservoir and the river for later periods. Better solutions with these methods internalize risk and hedge releases at the beginning of an operating season to maximize downstream benefit and reduce the probability of catastrophe for the season and future years. Maximizing the minimum cold-water habitat area over months of a season or multiple years, or maximizing a river indicator variable explicitly, could likely help, for example, maximize an out-migrating salmon smolt population downstream. The method is demonstrated with a case study optimizing environmental releases from Folsom Dam and another optimizing temperature management from Shasta Dam in northern California. These results inform general rules for environmental flow management and temperature management of reservoirs, with specific policy recommendations for both Folsom and Shasta reservoirs. In both cases, the added value from employing hedging rules help reservoir operations minimize the risk of environmental catastrophe and conserve storage both within an operating season and across years.
Voskaki, Asimina. "Modelling framework for evaluation environmental strategy and water management efficency at airports." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6997.
Full textMukheibir, Pierre. "Water, climate change and small towns." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4785.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 205-223).
This thesis examines the interrelationship between “water, climate change and small towns”. The research question is framed in three parts: 1) can climate change be integrated into existing planning frameworks? 2) can small towns build resilient strategies against projected climate change impacts? and, 3) is adaptation to climate change an economic issue? It is evident that very little synergy exists between the different sectors dealing with water access. A holistic view of access and the impact of climate change does not exist in the sustainable development, urban planning and water resources management sectors. It is therefore proposed that the successful delivery of accessible water services lies with the integration of the urban planning, water resources management and climate change adaptation responses. In order to achieve this, a planning framework is introduced.
Dube, Renias Admore. "Appropriate positioning of modelling as a decision support tool for surface water resources planning in South Africa." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08242006-122230.
Full textSummaries in Afrikaans and English. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.