Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water re-use Use studies

Academic literature on the topic 'Water re-use Use studies'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Water re-use Use studies"

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A.A.Deshmukh, A. A. Deshmukh, N. N. Bandela N.N. Bandela, J. R. Chavan J.R.Chavan, and P. M. Nalawade P.M.Nalawade. "Studies on Potential Use of Water Hyacinth, Pistia and Azolla for Municipal Waste Water Treatment." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 11 (October 1, 2011): 226–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/72.

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Savulescu, Luciana, Jin-Kuk Kim, and Robin Smith. "Studies on simultaneous energy and water minimisation—Part I: Systems with no water re-use." Chemical Engineering Science 60, no. 12 (June 2005): 3279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.12.037.

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Savulescu, Luciana, Jin-Kuk Kim, and Robin Smith. "Studies on simultaneous energy and water minimisation—Part II: Systems with maximum re-use of water." Chemical Engineering Science 60, no. 12 (June 2005): 3291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.12.036.

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Miskevich, I. V., O. P. Netsvetaeva, and E. A. Kuznetsov. "USING THE RATIO OF CHEMICAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION TO SUSPENDED MATTER CONCENTRATIONS (COD/BB PARAMETER) IN GEOECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF WATER BODIES THE EUROPEAN NORTH." Успехи современного естествознания (Advances in Current Natural Sciences), no. 12 2022 (2022): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/use.37953.

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Knežević, Violeta, Vladimir Filipović, Biljana Lončar, Milica Nićetin, Tatjana Kuljanin, Ljubinko Lević, and Lato Pezo. "Re-use of Osmotic Solution OF OSMOTIC SOLUTION." Analecta Technica Szegedinensia 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2014): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2014.1.72-76.

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In this paper the re-use of osmotic solution after osmotic treatment has been studied. A large amount of used osmotic solution remaining after the process is one of the major unsolved problems of osmotic treatment process. This problem has both ecological and economic aspects that should be concerned.Pork meat cubes were treated in three different osmotic solutions diluted with distilled water (R1 -sugar beet molasses, R2 – solution of salt and sucrose and R3 - combination of R1 and R2 solutions in a 1:1 mass ratio). Osmotic process has been observed during 5 hours, at temperature of 35oC and atmospheric pressure. Osmotic treatment has been performed simultaneously in concentrated solutions and diluted solutions (dilutions were obtained by mixing the solution and water in the mass ratio of 7:1 and 3:1). Parameters monitored during osmotic treatment were: dry mater content (DMC), water loss (WL), solid gain (SG) and osmotic dehydration efficiency index (DEI).Maximum values of these parameters were obtained in the dehydration with concentrated solutions, while recorded values in diluted solutions were much lower.The results show that the least effect on the osmotic process efficiency, when the osmotic concentration is lowered, has been observed for solution R3. This conclusion indicates that molasses is good osmotic solution with the possibility of re-using in successive processes of osmotic dehydration, with minimal treatment of reconstitution to original values of concentration.
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Rodríguez, L., J. Villaseñor, I. M. Buendía, and F. J. Fernández. "Re-use of winery wastewaters for biological nutrient removal." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 2 (July 1, 2007): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.477.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the re-use of the winery wastewater to enhance the biological nutrient removal (BNR) process. In batch experiments it was observed that the addition of winery wastewater mainly enhanced the nitrogen removal process because of the high denitrification potential (DNP), of about 130 mg N/g COD, of the contained substrates. This value is very similar to that obtained by using pure organic substrates such as acetate. The addition of winery wastewater did not significantly affect either phosphorus or COD removal processes. Based on the experimental results obtained, the optimum dosage to remove each mg of N–NO3 was determined, being a value of 6.7 mg COD/mg N–NO3. Because of the good properties of the winery wastewater to enhance the nitrogen removal, the viability of its continuous addition in an activated sludge pilot-scale plant for BNR was studied. Dosing the winery wastewater to the pilot plant a significant increase in the nitrogen removal was detected, from 58 to 75%. The COD removal was slightly increased, from 89 to 95%, and the phosphorus removal remained constant.
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Wilson, Nicole J., Leila M. Harris, Joanne Nelson, and Sameer H. Shah. "Re-Theorizing Politics in Water Governance." Water 11, no. 7 (July 16, 2019): 1470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071470.

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This Special Issue on water governance features a series of articles that highlight recent and emerging concepts, approaches, and case studies to re-center and re-theorize “the political” in relation to decision-making, use, and management—collectively, the governance of water. Key themes that emerged from the contributions include the politics of water infrastructure and insecurity; participatory politics and multi-scalar governance dynamics; politics related to emergent technologies of water (bottled or packaged water, and water desalination); and Indigenous water governance. Further reflected is a focus on diverse ontologies, epistemologies, meanings and values of water, related contestations concerning its use, and water’s importance for livelihoods, identity, and place-making. Taken together, the articles in this Special Issue challenge the ways that water governance remains too often depoliticized and evacuated of political content or meaning. By re-centering the political, and by developing analytics that enable and support this endeavor, the contributions throughout highlight the varied, contested, and important ways that water governance needs to be recalibrated and enlivened with keen attention to politics—broadly understood.
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AKIYAMA, Michio. "A Review of Water-Use Studies in Japan." Japanese Journal of Human Geography 40, no. 5 (1988): 424–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.40.424.

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Gill, B. P., P. H. Brooks, and J. L. Carpenter. "Water use by lactating sows." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600017591.

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There have been few published studies on the water needs of lactating sows under contemporary systems of feeding, housing and management. The literature available indicates that lactating sows provided with an unrestricted water supply show considerable individual variations in daily water consumption. Although ARC (1981) suggest that lactating sows should have access to an unrestricted water supply, an allowance of between 15 and 20 l/day has been recommended to meet the requirements for water. This study investigated the water demands of lactating sows provided with an unrestricted supply of water and to determine the stage of lactation on daily water use.
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S. F. Shih. "Evapotranspiration, Water-Use Efficiency, and Water Table Studies of Sweet Sorghum." Transactions of the ASAE 29, no. 3 (1986): 0767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30227.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water re-use Use studies"

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Shukri, Ibrahim M. "Municipal water use: an Oregon case study." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/523.

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There are two approaches to estimating the quantity of water required in an urban area: the requirements approach and the economic approach. The requirements approach extrapolates from past growth trends of the urban area. Water consumption and population are extrapolated into the future using a trend line based on prior years; the future requirements of the area are determined according to past experience. This approach served well when water was essentially a free good. But now that it is an economic good that requires production, the requirements approach tends to overestimate water requirements. The alternative is the economic approach which takes into account different characteristics of an urban area. Among these characteristics are economic, demographic, geographic and climatic. This approach leads to better use of information to estimate future water consumption. This dissertation is a cross-sectional analysis of municipal water districts in Oregon. It is based on the economic approach. Data on specified variables were collected by sampling and surveying more than 1,000 water districts in Oregon. The data were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression. The general hypothesis of the study is that municipal water use in Oregon can be estimated by using independent variables other than size. Weather, per capita income, average price of water, marginal cost of water, the amount of fixed charge for basic water use, allowed quantity of basic water use, and non-residential connections were regressed on the per capita per day water consumption for residential, commercial, industrial and total users. The hypothesis was confirmed; price was a significant variable in the different uses of water. Climate was found to be significant in estimating the residential use. Variable charge as well as climate were found to be significant in commercial use. Fixed charge and sewage charge were somewhat significant in estimating the industrial use. The results of the study are consistent with the theory and the findings of previous studies. Three models were developed; a general model, a residential model and a non-residential model. These models helped to identify climate and price as effective variables in estimating water demand in the study area within the context of the economic approach.
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Dordio, Ana Vitória Martins Neves Barrocas. "Studies on pharmaceuticals removal from water potential use of constructed wetlands systems." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11104.

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Pharmaceutical residues in the environment and their potential toxic effects have been recognized as one of the emerging research areas in environmental chemistry. Many reports are available in the literature about the detection of several of the most consumed pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and transformation products in effluents of domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as well as surface and ground waters and even, in drinking waters worldwide. This situation can be attributed to the general inadequacy of conventional treatment processes used. in WWTPs in dealing with trace pollutants. An option for removal of organic xenobiotics from WWTPs effluents is the implementation of constructed wetlands systems (CWS). In comparison with other tertiary or advanced treatment technologies, CWS present the advantage of being an essentially low-cost and low-maintenance technology. CWS have been already applied with success for the treatment of other organic xenobiotics, but their use for pharmaceuticals removal has been only scarcely tested. Moreover, these systems have been approached primarily as a "black-box", without a thorough understanding of the processes involved. The efficiency of CWS in the removal of pollutants can be significantly enhanced by using adequate support matrices with a greater capacity to retain contaminants by sorption phenomena, ionic exchange or other physico-chemical processes and plant species with high capacity to tolerate and remove pollutants froco contaminated waters. The main goal, of this work was to evaluate the ability of a microcosm CWS to remove selected pharmaceuticals from domestic wastewater that has received secondary treatment. The selection of the pharmaceuticals to be studied was based on the following criteria: data on consumption and presence in the environment, behavior in. WWTPs, and characteristics such as biodegradability, acid-base character, hydrophobicity and water solubility. Four pharmaceuticals were selected, in particular two acidic substances (ibuprofen, IB, and clofibric acid, CA), a neutral one (carbamazepine, CB) and another with an alkaline character (atenolol, AT). These are moderately lipophilic compounds, with the exception of AT, which is a somewhat hydrophilic substance. Among these, one of the compounds is biodegradable (IB), another one is only moderately biodegradable (AT), whereas the other two (CA and CB) are hardly biodegradable. /RESUMO - A qualidade da água é uma das grandes preocupações actuais em química analítica ambiental. Em particular, a ocorrência e destino de fármacos no ambiente aquático tem vindo a ser reconhecido como um dos problemas emergentes nesta área. De facto, a frequente detecção de fármacos utilizados em medicina humana, seus metabolitos e produtos de transformação em efluentes de estações de tratamento de águas residuais urbanas (ETARs) bem como em águas naturais, superficiais e subterrâneas, e até mesmo em águas para consumo, tem demonstrado a existência de um problema real devido à crescente quantidade e diversidade de substâncias deste tipo que são excretadas e libertadas nos sistemas de recolha de efluentes líquidos urbanos. Como consequência da geralmente baixa eficiência de remoção destes contaminantes pelos processos de tratamento convencionais utilizados na maioria das ETARs, resulta que muitas destas substâncias acabam por ser descarregadas com os efluentes nos meios receptores hídricos e disseminadas pelos meios aquáticos. As implicações resultantes desta descarga de fármacos no ambiente aquático sugerem a urgente necessidade de encontrar processos complementares ou alternativos para a sua remoção dos efluentes antes de alcançarem os cursos de água. A utilização de processos de tratamento terciário ou de afinação nas ETARs, como por exemplo a utilização de processos de membranas ou oxidação química, podem permitir o aumento das eficiências de remoção obtidas. No entanto, a implementação e manutenção deste tipo de processos têm custos elevados e são dificeis de adaptar para uma utilização em larga escala em ETARs. Os leitos construídos de macrófitas (LCMs) têm surgido ultimamente como sistemas complementares ou, nalguns casos, alternativos de tratamento de águas residuais urbanas. Os LCMs, ou zonas húmidas construídas, são sistemas artificiais projectados e construidos para tirar partido do mesmo tipo de processos que ocorrem nas zonas húmidas naturais, utilizando vegetação, solos e colónias de microorganismos típicas destes sistemas, mas actuando de uma forma controlada e optimizada com o propósito de aplicação para tratamento de efluentes. Os mecanismos de tratamento nos LCMs são extremamente diversificados, caracterizados por uma interacção complexa de processos fisicos, químicos e biológicos, que ocorrem ao nível das plantas, da matriz de suporte e dos microrganismos adaptados à toxicidade do efluente.
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Smith, Kimberly C. (Kimberly Carolyn). "Evaluating PC-based water quality models as tools for land use planning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70200.

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Reiner, Stephanie L. "Evaluating the use of Flow-Through Larval Culture for the Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617900.

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One system used for bivalve mollusc culture is flowthrough larval culture, which provides a continuous flow of food and seawater to the tank. Flowthrough culture enables larvae to be reared at stocking densities up to 100 larvae/mL, a characteristic that should recommend it as the culture system of choice for the East coast; however, Eastern oyster larvae have never been tested in flowthrough culture, discouraging implementation of the system. The thesis objectives are designed to address questions regarding the survival, growth, competent period, cell consumption, growth efficiency, and cell selection of oyster larvae reared in flowthrough culture. The objectives are: to describe larval tolerance to metabolic waste products, to determine how stocking densities influence clogging of the banjo screen and how those stocking densities coupled with exchange rate influence survival, growth, duration of the competent period, cell consumption, and cell selectivity, and to examine replication of flowthrough culture and establish data for the variables measured. To obtain a basic understanding of larval tolerance to their metabolic waste, twelve static tanks were set up at the Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Technology Center’s hatchery at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. Larvae were exposed to a range of concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate and their survival and growth were monitored. Ammonia was the only metabolic waste that caused detrimental effects to larvae at a concentration of 10 mg/L. To address the remaining objectives, six 400 L conical flowthrough tanks were set up at Oyster Seed Holdings, a commercial hatchery. To determine if banjo screen clogging (the cause of tank overflow) was affected by the day and density at which larvae were introduced to flowthrough culture, larvae were introduced at two days old at three different stocking densities. The banjo screen, a circular plastic band with mesh screen on both sides, retains larvae in flowthrough culture while allowing water to exit. The banjo screen was monitored for clogging every 12 hours for 60 hours. Larvae can be introduced to flowthrough culture at two days old at densities as high as 50 larvae/mL without risking banjo clogging. To examine the effects of different flowthrough culture parameters on larval development, larvae were stocked in flowthrough cultures at 10, 20, and 50 larvae/mL and reared at five and ten exchanges of water/day. Five exchanges of water/day and a stocking density between 10 – 20 larvae/mL resulted in the highest survival, fastest growth, and greatest amount of competent larvae harvested. Variation among flowthrough cultures stocked with 10 larvae/mL and reared at five and ten exchanges of water/day was examined. Five exchanges of water/day generally had lower variation, with the smallest being survival and length. The results for survival, length, cell consumption, duration of the competent period, and growth efficiency were characterized as the established values for the thesis’s flowthrough system and were compared with data obtained from the controls in Chapter Three to distinguish anomalous data.
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Demir, Ayhan. "NMR-the basic principles and its use in studies of water/ethanol/mixture." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-57881.

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Sauer, Robert Eugene Jr. "Development and use of saltmarsh mesocosms in studies of sedimentary mercury transformation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19608.

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Tellez, Sanchez Sarita Lucia. "Household Water Filter Use Characterization in Rural Rwanda: Signal Interpretation, Development and Validation." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3026.

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Access to safe drinking water is an important health factor in many developing countries. Studies have shown that unsafe drinking water and poor sanitation practices leads to diarrheal disease, which is one of the leading causes of death of children under five in developing countries. Provision and proper use of household water filters have been shown to effectively improve health. This thesis is focused on the refinement and validation of algorithms for data collected from pressure transducer sensors that are used in household water filters (the Vestergaard Frandsen LifeStraw Family 2.0) deployed in Rwanda by the social enterprise DelAgua Health. Statistical and signal processing techniques were used to detect the use of the LifeStraw water filters and to estimate the amount of water filtered at the time of usage. An algorithm developed by Dr. Carson Wick at Georgia Institute of Technology was the baseline for the analysis of the data. The algorithm was then refined based on data collected in the SweetLab at Portland State University, which was then applied to field data. Laboratory results indicated that the mean error of the improved algorithm is 11.5% as compared with the baseline algorithm mean error of 39%. The validation of the algorithm with field data yielded a mean error of 5%. Errors may be attributed to real-world behavior of the water filter, electronic noise, ambient temperature, and variations in the approximation made to the field data. This work also presents some consideration of the algorithm applied to soft-sided water backpacks.
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Kimbrough, Kimani L. "Effects of urbanization and land use on PAH accumulation in wetland sediments." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616718.

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The relationship between wetland polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations and adjacent land use was assessed using surface sediments, sediment cores and global information systems (GIS) in the Elizabeth River, Virginia, an urbanized subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay. Wetlands adjacent to parking lots and petroleum industrial sites exhibited the highest PAH concentrations of all land uses in surfaces sediment and historically. Automobile and coal are the dominant sources of PAHs in wetland sediments historically as determined by relative concentration, fingerprinting and source specific compounds. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test used to compare sixteen surface sediment sites based on land use revealed significant differences in wetland surface sediment PAH concentration. Multi-family and single-family residential, rural, undeveloped, commercial, petroleum industrial and non-petroleum industrial most accurately identified distinct land use categories in the watershed. Source assessments revealed little variability between sites, which is indicative of one atmospheric source of PAHs to wetland surface sediments. Concentration magnitude and source similarities implicate percent impervious surface and proximity to sources as having a major influences on PAH input to wetlands. GIS and surfaces sediment PAH concentrations were used to assess wetland area, adjacent land use in addition to PAH storage, distribution and input at the micro (site) and macro (watershed) scales. Despite urban wetlands having the largest concentration of PAHs a disproportionately low number of associated wetlands resulted in lower PAH storage at the macro scale. Residential, urban and rural wetlands contained the largest amounts of PAHs respectively. Wetland migration and erosion make wetlands dynamic sinks that constantly release and accumulate contaminants as they migrate shoreward to keep pace with sea level rise. In the urban Elizabeth River over 75% of wetlands are not able to migrate as a result of upland development. A conceptual model depicting wetland migration with developed and undeveloped uplands, and variable PAH source in sediments indicate wetlands can act as sources or sinks of slowly degrading contaminants. PAH flux measurement determined from wetland surface sediment concentrations and accretion rates showed PAH flux to all wetlands were exponentially higher than atmospheric deposition.
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Duncan, Patricia Lynn. "The use of Crab Meal as a Supplemental Food for Juvenile Hard Clams (Mercenaria mercenaria)." W&M ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617572.

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Mountz, Elizabeth M. "Use of Remote Sensing to Identify Essential Habitat for Aeschynomene virginica (L) BSP, a Threatened Tidal Freshwater Wetland Plant." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617789.

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Books on the topic "Water re-use Use studies"

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Land, Larry F. U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Texas. [Denver, Colo.?]: U.S. Geological Survey, Dept. of the Interior, 1988.

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Ewart, Charles J. U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Hawaii. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Ewart, Charles J. U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Hawaii. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Ewart, Charles J. U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Hawaii. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Ewart, Charles J. U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Hawaii. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Ewart, Charles J. U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Hawaii. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Stephenson, Rebecca A. Water, land, and people: Selected studies in fresh water resources. [Mangilao]: Water and Energy Research Institute and Micronesian Area Research Center, University of Guam, 1987.

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GOVERNMENT, US. An Act to Authorize the Bureau of Reclamation to Conduct Certain Feasibility Studies to Augment Water Supplies for the Klamath Project, Oregon and California, and for Other Purposes. [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Environment, Alberta Alberta. South Saskatchewan River Basin water management plan phase two: Background studies. [Edmonton]: Alberta Environment, 2003.

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Horowitz, Arthur J. The use of suspended sediment and associated trace elements in water quality studies. Wallingford: International Association of Hydrological Sciences, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water re-use Use studies"

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Smaniotto Costa, Carlos, Conor Norton, Elena Domene, Jacqueline Hoyer, Joan Marull, and Outi Salminen. "Water as an Element of Urban Design: Drawing Lessons from Four European Case Studies." In Sustainable Water Use and Management, 17–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12394-3_2.

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Hatch-Kuri, Gonzalo, Julio César Sánchez-Angulo, Juanalberto Meza-Villegas, and Yussef Ricardo Abud-Russell. "Water Security and Groundwater: The Absence of Scientific Criteria in Groundwater Management Through Three Case Studies in Mexico." In Intensified Land and Water Use, 253–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65443-6_11.

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Springer, Gregory S. "Caves and their Potential Use in Paleoflood Studies." In Water Science and Application, 329–43. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ws005p0329.

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Jokiel, Paweł, and Zdzisław Michalczyk. "Studies on, the Use and Protection of Springs in Poland." In Springer Water, 113–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61965-7_7.

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Nakano, Takanori. "Use of Water Quality Analysis for Groundwater Traceability." In Global Environmental Studies, 45–67. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54968-0_4.

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Wullschleger, Stan D., Paul J. Hanson, and Donald E. Todd. "Forest Water Use and the Influence of Precipitation Change." In Ecological Studies, 363–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0021-2_21.

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Manabe, Syukuro. "Global Warming and Water Resources—From Basic Science to Environmental Studies." In Climate Change, Energy Use, and Sustainability, 3–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40590-2_1.

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Muszkat, Lea, Leonid Feigelson, and Lena Bir. "Field Studies in Solar Photocatalysis for Detoxification of Organic Chemicals in Water and Effluents." In Sustainable Land Use in Deserts, 405–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59560-8_43.

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Barros, Francisco Venícius Fernandes, Eduardo Sávio Passos Rodrigues Martins, Luiz Sérgio Vasconcelos Nascimento, and Dirceu Silveira Reis. "Use of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms in Water Resources Engineering." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 45–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05165-4_3.

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Kotásková, Pavla, Jitka Fialová, Mariana Jakubisová, Miloslav Šlezingr, and Pavlína Procházková. "Possible Use of Water Areas by Disabled People." In Water Management and the Environment: Case Studies, 3–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-79014-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water re-use Use studies"

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Stonestreet, Scott E., and Andrew S. Lee. "Use of LIDAR Mapping for Floodplain Studies." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)58.

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Grayman, Walter M., Steven Buchberger, and William Samuels. "Hydraulic Models of Buildings for Use in Contamination Studies." In Water Distribution Systems Analysis 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41024(340)86.

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Glysson, G. Douglas, John R. Gray, and Lisa M. Conge. "Adjustment of Total Suspended Solids Data for Use in Sediment Studies." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)270.

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Vories, E. D., P. L. Tacker, I. Chaubey, R. Lipsey, W. Smith, and B. K. Schaffer. "On-Farm Studies of Water Use and Water Quality for Rice Production." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)276.

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Dunn, Christopher N., and Penni R. Baker. "Converting Real-Time Water Management Models for Use in Water Resources Studies." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479162.206.

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Ritter, William F., and Jennifer de Mooy. "Groundwater Use in Agriculture: Approaches to Sustainable Management in U.S. Case Studies." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413548.036.

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Liu, Zhen, Jay Meldrum, Pengfei Xue, and Christopher Green. "Preliminary Studies of the Use of Abandoned Mine Water for Geothermal Applications." In IFCEE 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479087.152.

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Rao, A. D., and P. N. Rao. "Conjunctive Use of Surface and Ground Water Resources: Selected Case Studies from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in Peninsular India." In Integrated and Sustainable Water Management: Science and Technology. Geological Society of India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/cgsi/2016/95960.

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Bartles, Michael, and Matthew Fleming. "Estimation of Flow, Volume, and Stage-Frequency for Use in Dam and Levee Safety Studies within HEC-SSP and HEC-HMS." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480601.008.

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Artemev, Alexandr. "FLOCCULATION OF FINE APATITE AIMED AT REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL WATER USE PROBLEMS IN MINERAL PROCESSING PLANTS." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/48.

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"Water treatment technologies involving pre-treated industrial effluents without transporting them to the tailing dump are of interest primarily from an environmental point of view, as they reduce the environmental burden. The paper studies the possibility of purification of process waters from apatite concentrate production from suspended particles and water-soluble impurities using polyacrylamide flocculants. By studying the processes of adsorption of H+ and OH- ions from aqueous solutions, the acid-base properties of the surface of the solid phase of the most polluted technological product - the drain of the apatite concentrate thickener - the mineral composition of which is 90% apatite have been studied. The influence of the reagents present in the processing technology on the quantitative ratio of acid-base centres on the apatite surface has been evaluated. It has been shown that the interaction of these reagents with the mineral creates prerequisites for a greater efficiency of the anionic flocculant. The electro-surface properties of apatite treated with various reagents were studied using the laser Doppler electrophoresis method. The mechanism of fixation of ions present in the dispersion medium on the surface of apatite was studied by infrared spectroscopy. In order to determine the conditions under which various flocculants are in the most ionized state, studies were conducted on the change in the viscosity of the polyelectrolyte solution at different pH values. The position of the isoionic point for samples of cationic and anionic flocculants in the presence of reagents used in the apatite flotation and dehydration of apatite concentrate was studied. A research has been carried out on ""model"" and real suspensions in circulating water for a number of cationic, anionic and nonionic flocculants. The kinetic and concentration dependences of the flocculating capacity of the studied reagents were determined, which confirmed the high efficiency of the anionic type reagents"
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Reports on the topic "Water re-use Use studies"

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Evans, Catherine, Linda Corkery, Sara Padgett Kjaersgaard, and Lei Zheng. Sydney Park Water Re-use Project. Landscape Architecture Foundation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31353/cs1670.

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Zilberman, David, and Eithan Hochman. Price Evaluation and Allocation of Water under Alternative Water Rights Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7561062.bard.

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This project developed conceptual and empirical frameworks to analyze the water management politics as water scarcity increases. The analyses showed that increased scarcity will tend to encourage a transition from systems in which water is allocated administratively to water trading. However, transaction costs and political economy considerations placed barriers on the introduction of markets. The recent droughts - both in Israel and California were shown to cause an increase in water use efficiency by adoption of modern technologies and improvement of water conveyance systems. The drought led to institutional innovations and an increased reliance on trading as mechanisms for water allocation. Case studies from both countries demonstrate that reducing barriers to water trading and increasing farmers' flexibility in exchange of water will lead to efficient outcomes and much better uses of existing water resources.
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Cooper, Rachel. Water in Sustainable Agriculture Standards. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.037.

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This review synthesises evidence on water in sustainable agriculture standards. Sustainable agricultural standards, hereafter standards, is a broad term encompassing certification schemes, tools, and programmes. The International Trade Centre’s Sustainability Standards Map includes 166 agricultural standards . However, there is a smaller number of prominent standards that are popularly used by major retailers or for particular commodities. Two studies looking at how water is considered in standards selected smaller numbers: Morgan (2017) benchmarks 25 popular use conventional agricultural standards and organic standards, whilst Vos & Boelens (2014) selected eight prominent standards for their analysis. The evidence base for this request was limited. Whilst water is included in individual standards, there is limited research on the efficacy or impact of standards on water issues. This review identified an extremely small number of studies that either assessed or benchmarked standards’ water related requirements or the impacts of certification and water requirements on water resources.
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Claire Henderson, Harish Acharya, Hope Matis, Hareesh Kommepalli, Brian Moore, and Hua Wang. Cost Effective Recovery of Low-TDS Frac Flowback Water for Re-use. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1030557.

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Mehmood, Hamid, Surya Karthik Mukkavilli, Ingmar Weber, Atsushi Koshio, Chinaporn Meechaiya, Thanapon Piman, Kenneth Mubea, Cecilia Tortajada, Kimberly Mahadeo, and Danielle Liao. Strategic Foresight to Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Achieve Water-related Sustainable Development Goals. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/lotc2968.

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The report recommends that: 1) Policymakers should conduct holistic assessments of social, economic, and cultural factors before AI adoption in the water sector, as prospective applications of AI are case- specific. It is also important to conduct baseline studies to measure the implementation capacity, return on investment, and impact of intervention. 2) To ensure positive development outcomes, policies regarding the use of AI for water-related challenges should be coupled with capacity and infrastructure development policies. Capacity development policies need to address the AI and Information and Communications Technology (ICT) needs for the AI-related skill development of all water-related stakeholders. Infrastructure development policies should address the underlying requirements of computation, energy, data generation, and storage. The sequencing of these policies is critical. 3) To mitigate the predicted job displacement that will accompany AI-led innovation in the water sector, policies should direct investments towards enabling a skilled workforce by developing water sector-related education at all levels. This skilled workforce should be strategically placed to offset dependency on the private sector. 4) Water-related challenges are cross-cutting running from grassroots to the global level and require an understanding of the water ecosystem. It is important for countries connected by major rivers and watersheds to collaborate in developing policies that advance the use of AI to address common water-related challenges. 5) A council or agency with representation from all stakeholders should be constituted at the national level, to allow for the successful adoption of AI by water agencies. This council or agency should be tasked with the development of policies, guidelines, and codes of conduct for the adoption of AI in the water-sector. These key policy recommendations can be used as primary guidelines for the development of strategies and plans to use AI to help achieve water-related SDGs.
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Perera, Duminda, Vladimir Smakhtin, Spencer Williams, Taylor North, and Allen Curry. Ageing Water Storage Infrastructure: An Emerging Global Risk. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/qsyl1281.

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The Report provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on the ageing of large dams –an emerging global development issue as tens of thousands of existing large dams have reached or exceeded an “alert” age threshold of 50 years, and many others will soon approach 100 years. These aged structures incur rapidly rising maintenance needs and costs while simultaneously declining their effectiveness and posing potential threats to human safety and the environment. The Report analyzes large dam construction trends across major geographical regions and primary dam functions, such as water supply, irrigation, flood control, hydropower, and recreation. Analysis of existing global datasets indicates that despite plans in some regions and countries to build more water storage dams, particularly for hydropower generation, there will not be another “dam revolution” to match the scale of the high-intensity dam construction experienced in the early to middle, 20th century. At the same time, many of the large dams constructed then are aging, and hence we are already experiencing a “mass ageing” of water storage infrastructure. The Report further explores the emerging practice of decommissioning ageing dams, which can be removal or re-operation, to address issues of ensuring public safety, escalating maintenance costs, reservoir sedimentation, and restoration of a natural river ecosystem. Decommissioning becomes the option if economic and practical limitations prevent a dam from being upgraded or if its original use has become obsolete. The cost of dam removal is estimated to be an order of magnitude less than that of repairing. The Report also gives an overview of dam decommissioning’s socio-economic impacts, including those on local livelihoods, heritage, property value, recreation, and aesthetics. Notably, the nature of these impacts varies significantly between low- and high-income countries. The Report shows that while dam decommissioning is a relatively recent phenomenon, it is gaining pace in the USA and Europe, where many dams are older. However, it is primarily small dams that have been removed to date, and the decommissioning of large dams is still in its infancy, with only a few known cases in the last decade. A few case studies of ageing and decommissioned large dams illustrate the complexity and length of the process that is often necessary to orchestrate the dam removal safely. Even removing a small dam requires years (often decades), continuous expert and public involvement, and lengthy regulatory reviews. With the mass ageing of dams well underway, it is important to develop a framework of protocols that will guide and accelerate the process of dam removal. Overall, the Report aims to attract global attention to the creeping issue of ageing water storage infrastructure and stimulate international efforts to deal with this emerging water risk. This Report’s primary target audiences are governments and their partners responsible for planning and implementing water infrastructure development and management, emphasizing adaptat
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Just, Richard E., Eithan Hochman, and Sinaia Netanyahu. Problems and Prospects in the Political Economy of Trans-Boundary Water Issues. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573997.bard.

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The objective of this research was to develop and apply a conceptual framework for evaluating the potential of trans-boundary bargaining with respect to water resource sharing. The research accomplished this objective by developing a framework for trans-boundary bargaining, identifying opportunities for application, and illustrating the potential benefits that can be gained thereby. Specifically, we have accomplished the following: - Developed a framework to measure the potential for improving economic efficiency considering issues of political feasibility and sustainability that are crucial in trans-boundary cooperation. - Used both cooperative and non-cooperative game theory to assess feasible coalitions among the parties involved and to model potential bargaining procedures. - Identified empirically alternative schemes of cooperation that both improve upon the economic efficiency of present water usage and appease all of the cooperating parties. - Estimated the potential short-run and long-run affects of water reallocation on the agricultural sector and used this information to understand potential strategies taken by the countries in bargaining processes. - Performed case studies in Israeli-Jordanian relations, the relationship of Israel to the Palestinian Authority, and cooperation on the Chesapeake Bay. - Published or have in process publication of a series of refereed journal articles. - Published a book which first develops the theoretical framework, then presents research results relating to the case studies, and finally draws implications for water cooperation issues generally. Background to the Topic The increase in water scarcity and decline in water quality that has resulted from increased agricultural, industrial, and urban demands raises questions regarding profitability of the agricultural sector under its present structure. The lack of efficient management has been underscored recently by consecutive years of drought in Israel and increased needs to clean up the Chesapeake Bay. Since agriculture in the Middle East (Chesapeake Bay) is both the main water user (polluter) and the low-value user (polluter), a reallocation of water use (pollution rights) away from agriculture is likely with further industrial and urban growth. Furthermore, the trans-boundary nature of water resources in the case of the Middle East and the Chesapeake Bay contributes to increased conflicts over the use of the resources and therefore requires a political economic approach. Major Conclusions, Solutions, Achievements and Implications Using game theory tools, we critically identify obstacles to cooperation. We identify potential gains from coordination on trans-boundary water policies and projects. We identify the conditions under which partial (versus grand) coalitions dominate in solving water quality disputes among riparian countries. We identify conditions under which linking water issues to unrelated disputes achieves gains in trans-boundary negotiations. We show that gains are likely only when unrelated issues satisfy certain characteristics. We find conditions for efficient water markets under price-determined and quantity-determined markets. We find water recycling and adoption of new technologies such as desalination can be part of the solution for alleviating water shortages locally and regionally but that timing is likely to be different than anticipated. These results have been disseminated through a wide variety of publications and oral presentations as well as through interaction with policymakers in both countries.
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Dasberg, Shmuel, Jan W. Hopmans, Larry J. Schwankl, and Dani Or. Drip Irrigation Management by TDR Monitoring of Soil Water and Solute Distribution. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568095.bard.

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Drip irrigation has the potential of high water use efficiency, but actual water measurement is difficult because of the limited wetted volume. Two long-term experiments in orchards in Israel and in California and several field crop studies supported by this project have demonstrated the feasibility of precise monitoring of soil water distribution for drip irrigation in spite of the limited soil wetting. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) enables in situ measurement of soil water content of well defined small volumes. Several approaches were tried in monitoring the soil water balance in the field during drip irrigation. These also facilitated the estimation of water uptake: 1. The use of multilevel moisture probe TDR system. This approach proved to be of limited value because of the extremely small diameter of measurement. 2. The placement of 20 cm long TDR probes at predetermined distances from the drippers in citrus orchards. 3. Heavy instrumentation with neutron scattering access tubes and tensiometers of a single drip irrigated almond tree. 4. High resolution spatial and temporal measurements (0.1m x 0.1m grid) of water content by TDR in corn irrigated by surface and subsurface drip. The latter approach was accompanied by parametric modelling of water uptake intensity patterns by corn roots and superimposed with analytical solutions for water flow from point and line sources. All this lead to general and physically based suggestions for the placement of soil water sensors for scheduling drip irrigation.
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Shani, Uri, Lynn Dudley, Alon Ben-Gal, Menachem Moshelion, and Yajun Wu. Root Conductance, Root-soil Interface Water Potential, Water and Ion Channel Function, and Tissue Expression Profile as Affected by Environmental Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7592119.bard.

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Constraints on water resources and the environment necessitate more efficient use of water. The key to efficient management is an understanding of the physical and physiological processes occurring in the soil-root hydraulic continuum.While both soil and plant leaf water potentials are well understood, modeled and measured, the root-soil interface where actual uptake processes occur has not been sufficiently studied. The water potential at the root-soil interface (yᵣₒₒₜ), determined by environmental conditions and by soil and plant hydraulic properties, serves as a boundary value in soil and plant uptake equations. In this work, we propose to 1) refine and implement a method for measuring yᵣₒₒₜ; 2) measure yᵣₒₒₜ, water uptake and root hydraulic conductivity for wild type tomato and Arabidopsis under varied q, K⁺, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ levels in the root zone; 3) verify the role of MIPs and ion channels response to q, K⁺ and Na⁺ levels in Arabidopsis and tomato; 4) study the relationships between yᵣₒₒₜ and root hydraulic conductivity for various crops representing important botanical and agricultural species, under conditions of varying soil types, water contents and salinity; and 5) integrate the above to water uptake term(s) to be implemented in models. We have made significant progress toward establishing the efficacy of the emittensiometer and on the molecular biology studies. We have added an additional method for measuring ψᵣₒₒₜ. High-frequency water application through the water source while the plant emerges and becomes established encourages roots to develop towards and into the water source itself. The yᵣₒₒₜ and yₛₒᵢₗ values reflected wetting and drying processes in the rhizosphere and in the bulk soil. Thus, yᵣₒₒₜ can be manipulated by changing irrigation level and frequency. An important and surprising finding resulting from the current research is the obtained yᵣₒₒₜ value. The yᵣₒₒₜ measured using the three different methods: emittensiometer, micro-tensiometer and MRI imaging in both sunflower, tomato and corn plants fell in the same range and were higher by one to three orders of magnitude from the values of -600 to -15,000 cm suggested in the literature. We have added additional information on the regulation of aquaporins and transporters at the transcript and protein levels, particularly under stress. Our preliminary results show that overexpression of one aquaporin gene in tomato dramatically increases its transpiration level (unpublished results). Based on this information, we started screening mutants for other aquaporin genes. During the feasibility testing year, we identified homozygous mutants for eight aquaporin genes, including six mutants for five of the PIP2 genes. Including the homozygous mutants directly available at the ABRC seed stock center, we now have mutants for 11 of the 19 aquaporin genes of interest. Currently, we are screening mutants for other aquaporin genes and ion transporter genes. Understanding plant water uptake under stress is essential for the further advancement of molecular plant stress tolerance work as well as for efficient use of water in agriculture. Virtually all of Israel’s agriculture and about 40% of US agriculture is made possible by irrigation. Both countries face increasing risk of water shortages as urban requirements grow. Both countries will have to find methods of protecting the soil resource while conserving water resources—goals that appear to be in direct conflict. The climate-plant-soil-water system is nonlinear with many feedback mechanisms. Conceptual plant uptake and growth models and mechanism-based computer-simulation models will be valuable tools in developing irrigation regimes and methods that maximize the efficiency of agricultural water. This proposal will contribute to the development of these models by providing critical information on water extraction by the plant that will result in improved predictions of both water requirements and crop yields. Plant water use and plant response to environmental conditions cannot possibly be understood by using the tools and language of a single scientific discipline. This proposal links the disciplines of soil physics and soil physical chemistry with plant physiology and molecular biology in order to correctly treat and understand the soil-plant interface in terms of integrated comprehension. Results from the project will contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the SPAC and will inspire continued multidisciplinary research.
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Warrick, Arthur W., Gideon Oron, Mary M. Poulton, Rony Wallach, and Alex Furman. Multi-Dimensional Infiltration and Distribution of Water of Different Qualities and Solutes Related Through Artificial Neural Networks. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7695865.bard.

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The project exploits the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to describe infiltration, water, and solute distribution in the soil during irrigation. It provides a method of simulating water and solute movement in the subsurface which, in principle, is different and has some advantages over the more common approach of numerical modeling of flow and transport equations. The five objectives were (i) Numerically develop a database for the prediction of water and solute distribution for irrigation; (ii) Develop predictive models using ANN; (iii) Develop an experimental (laboratory) database of water distribution with time; within a transparent flow cell by high resolution CCD video camera; (iv) Conduct field studies to provide basic data for developing and testing the ANN; and (v) Investigate the inclusion of water quality [salinity and organic matter (OM)] in an ANN model used for predicting infiltration and subsurface water distribution. A major accomplishment was the successful use of Moment Analysis (MA) to characterize “plumes of water” applied by various types of irrigation (including drip and gravity sources). The general idea is to describe the subsurface water patterns statistically in terms of only a few (often 3) parameters which can then be predicted by the ANN. It was shown that ellipses (in two dimensions) or ellipsoids (in three dimensions) can be depicted about the center of the plume. Any fraction of water added can be related to a ‘‘probability’’ curve relating the size of the ellipse (or ellipsoid) that contains that amount of water. The initial test of an ANN to predict the moments (and hence the water plume) was with numerically generated data for infiltration from surface and subsurface drip line and point sources in three contrasting soils. The underlying dataset consisted of 1,684,500 vectors (5 soils×5 discharge rates×3 initial conditions×1,123 nodes×20 print times) where each vector had eleven elements consisting of initial water content, hydraulic properties of the soil, flow rate, time and space coordinates. The output is an estimate of subsurface water distribution for essentially any soil property, initial condition or flow rate from a drip source. Following the formal development of the ANN, we have prepared a “user-friendly” version in a spreadsheet environment (in “Excel”). The input data are selected from appropriate values and the output is instantaneous resulting in a picture of the resulting water plume. The MA has also proven valuable, on its own merit, in the description of the flow in soil under laboratory conditions for both wettable and repellant soils. This includes non-Darcian flow examples and redistribution and well as infiltration. Field experiments were conducted in different agricultural fields and various water qualities in Israel. The obtained results will be the basis for the further ANN models development. Regions of high repellence were identified primarily under the canopy of various orchard crops, including citrus and persimmons. Also, increasing OM in the applied water lead to greater repellency. Major scientific implications are that the ANN offers an alternative to conventional flow and transport modeling and that MA is a powerful technique for describing the subsurface water distributions for normal (wettable) and repellant soil. Implications of the field measurements point to the special role of OM in affecting wettability, both from the irrigation water and from soil accumulation below canopies. Implications for agriculture are that a modified approach for drip system design should be adopted for open area crops and orchards, and taking into account the OM components both in the soil and in the applied waters.
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