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Academic literature on the topic 'Water purification services'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Water purification services"

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Yang, Xu, Ruishan Chen, Guangxing Ji, Chao Wang, Yuanda Yang, and Jianhua Xu. "Assessment of Future Water Yield and Water Purification Services in Data Scarce Region of Northwest China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 8960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178960.

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Water shortage and pollution have become prominent in the arid regions of northwest China, seriously affecting human survival and sustainable development. The Bosten Lake basin has been considered as an example of an arid region in northwest China, and the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model has been used to quantitatively evaluate the future water yield and water purification services for four representative concentration pathways (RCP) scenarios. The results show that for the four RCP scenarios, the annual average precipitation in 2020–2050 decreases compared to that in 1985–2015; the area of cultivated land and unused land decreases, and the area of other land-use types increases from 2015 to 2050. The water yield service reduces, while the water purification service increases from 2015 to 2050 in the Bosten Lake basin. In 2050, the water yield and water purification services are the best for the RCP6.0 scenario, and are the worse for the RCP4.5 scenario and RCP8.5 scenario, respectively. The distribution of the water yield and water purification services show a gradual decline from northwest to southeast.
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Adnan, Norliyana, Mohd Parid Mamat, and Tuan Marina Tuan Ibrahim. "Assessing value of water purification services by Kelantan Forest Reserves." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1102, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1102/1/012062.

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Forest acts as natural water purification agent that is very effective in providing clean water resources to consumers, especially for domestic use. Clean water from natural purification processes would lead to a reduction in water treatment costs at treatment plants. This service is important for safety, assurance of resource availability and health. Hence, the aim of this paper is to assess the value of purification services by Kelantan forest reserves. The assessment is based on economic benefit using the benefit transfer approach of cost functions model with input for environmental values. Assessment enclosed for Kelantan main basin, namely Pergau, Lebir and Galas Basin. Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) data and forest land use information are used as the main data input for the analysis. Results show that basins with more virgin forest have lower treatment cost reduction in WTPs. Hence, the conservation of forest reserves as water catchment areas is important to ensure the availability of clean water especially for domestic uses.
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Johnstone, Nick, and Ysé Serret. "Determinants of bottled and purified water consumption: results based on an OECD survey." Water Policy 14, no. 4 (October 16, 2011): 668–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2011.048.

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In the face of dissatisfaction with the quality of public water supply, there is significant ‘willingness-to-pay’ for improved services. However, pressuring authorities for public sector investments in water quality services is not the only means at the disposal of households to bring about improvements in drinking water quality. On the one hand, households can invest in purification systems at the level of the individual household. On the other, they can consume bottled water for their drinking needs. Based on a survey of 10,000 households, this paper analyses the determinants of a household's decision to purchase bottled water or invest in a purification system. Negative perceptions of tap water quality (health and taste concerns) affect the decision to purchase bottled water and home purification, with much greater effect on bottled water consumption. The same is true of household income. Household size, the presence of children in the household and length of residence affects the decision to invest in purification, but not bottled water consumption. Concern about solid waste has a negative impact on bottled water consumption, and car ownership has a positive impact.
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Słodownik, Patrycja, and Krzysztof W. Opaliński. "Oxygen consumption in the sandy beaches of the Vistula River: Goods and services of the ecosystem." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 18, no. 5 (December 31, 2020): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2020.18.5.34.

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The research aimed to estimate the role of the beach in the process of self-purification of water in the Vistula River. The study could become a very important voice in the debate about the future of the Vistula River. A self-purification process involves the disposal of pollutants entering the water from the catchment of the River. A measure of the Vistula River water purification process of organic matter is the amount of oxygen that is consumed by the beach settlement. That is the amount of utilised organic matter by psammon during cellular respiration. Besides, the calculation of the amount of organic matter, which was worn by psammon can be the measure of “goods and services of the ecosystem” of the river.
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Liu, Mengzhu, Leilei Min, Jingjing Zhao, Yanjun Shen, Hongwei Pei, Hongjuan Zhang, and Yali Li. "The Impact of Land Use Change on Water-Related Ecosystem Services in the Bashang Area of Hebei Province, China." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020716.

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Land use change is an important scientific issue recognized for its potential to alter ecosystem services (ESs), especially water-related ecosystem services (WRESs). Using the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs (InVEST) model, this study quantified and mapped spatiotemporal variations in land use and corresponding WRESs in the Bashang area of Hebei Province, China (BAHP) to investigate how land use change impacted WRESs by means of scenario analysis, especially, in which a new evaluation indicator, average ecology effect (AEE) was proposed and well applied. The results indicated that woodland expansion (+602.61 km2) and grassland shrinkage (−500.57 km2) dominated the land use change in the BAHP in 2000–2018, which altered local WRESs, including the moderate declines in water purification and water yield, as well as a significant enhancement in soil conservation. In scenario analysis, compared to baseline levels, riparian woodland buffer and planting trees scenarios slightly decreased water yield but strengthened water purification and soil conservation; reclaiming wasteland and integrated development scenarios significantly enhanced soil conservation but lowered water yield and water purification; fertilizer reduction scenario effectively mitigated water deterioration. According to AEE, the riparian woodland buffer (RWB) scenario performed greater than the planting trees (PT) scenario on variations of WRESs per unit area, which differed completely from the results based on total variations. Overall, a multiple-scale indicator for a comprehensive evaluation of ESs should receive more attention.
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Ho, Long, and Peter Goethals. "Sustainability of Lakes and Reservoirs: Multiple Perspectives Based on Ecosystem Services." Water 13, no. 19 (October 6, 2021): 2763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13192763.

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Piaggio, Matías, and Juha Siikamäki. "The value of forest water purification ecosystem services in Costa Rica." Science of The Total Environment 789 (October 2021): 147952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147952.

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Yadav, Rahul, Tara Chand, and Raman Nautiyal. "Valuation of water purification service of Renukawetland, India: A Ramsar site." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 123 (2021): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf2123219y.

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Wetlands are very important ecosystems from the ecological, productivity and conservation perspective. Economic valuation of ecosystem services provided by wetlandsquantifies the various benefits derived from wetlands and puts a value on their conservation. One such wetland of importance is the Renuka wetland, which is a natural wetland located in the Western Himalayas, in the State of Himachal Pradesh of India. The article aims to assess and evaluate the wetland for its water purification service. The study is based on multisource data and conventional evaluation method. The results show that the average depth of the Renuka wetland is 6.01 m and average volume was determined as 1072530.176 m3. The economic value of water purification service for Renuka wetland is estimated to be INR 31.9 million(0.44 million USD) thus identifying the Renuka wetland as a significant healthy ecosystem. The water purification value itself advocates its proper management and conservation.
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Cimini, Salvatore. "The Water Service in Italy." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 2, no. 5 (2005): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601005x00408.

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AbstractThis paper describes and analyses how the organisation and management of water services in Italy has changed since the reforms introduced by Law No. 36/1994 (the so-called Galli Law). These reforms recognised that the most important public objective for the Italian water services is to achieve an efficient, effective and economic management system. To reach such result, the Galli Law reunified all the different water services, such as aqueducts, purification systems and sewers in a single integrated water service based on optimum territorial domains intended to overcome the fragmentation inherent in the existing management systems. Furthermore, it made a clear distinction between the role of guiding and monitoring activities (entrusted to a domain authority) and the effective management (to be entrusted, instead, to public, private or mixed public-private companies). However, as will be noted in this paper, due to the many tensions between the national and EU rules, the transfer of the integrated water services provision to managing companies still has not been completed. Mostly for this reason, a decade after the Galli Law came into force, the reform still remains to be completed.
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Boulton, Andrew J., Graham D. Fenwick, Peter J. Hancock, and Mark S. Harvey. "Biodiversity, functional roles and ecosystem services of groundwater invertebrates." Invertebrate Systematics 22, no. 2 (2008): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is07024.

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Recent surveys of groundwater invertebrates (stygofauna) worldwide are yielding rich troves of biodiversity, with significant implications for invertebrate systematists and phylogeneticists as well as ecologists and groundwater managers. What is the ecological significance of this high biodiversity of invertebrates in some aquifers? How might it influence groundwater ecosystem services such as water purification or bioremediation? In terrestrial ecosystems, biodiversity is typically positively correlated with rates of ecosystem functions beneficial to humans (e.g. crop pollination). However, the links between biodiversity, ecosystem function, and ecosystem services in groundwater are unknown. In some aquifers, feeding, movement and excretion by diverse assemblages of stygofauna potentially enhance groundwater ecosystem services such as water purification, bioremediation and water infiltration. Further, as specific taxa apparently play ‘keystone’ roles in facilitating ecosystem services, declines in abundance or even their extinction have serious repercussions. One way to assess the functional significance of biodiversity is to identify ‘ecosystem service providers’, characterise their functional relationships, determine how service provision is affected by community structure and environmental variables, and measure the spatio-temporal scales over which these operate. Examples from Australian and New Zealand alluvial aquifers reveal knowledge gaps in understanding the functional importance of most stygofauna, hampering effective protection of currently undervalued groundwater ecosystem services.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water purification services"

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Alvarez, Isidro. "Development of a security network (SECNET) based on integrated services digital network (ISDN)." FIU Digital Commons, 1996. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2064.

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The progress in the computing and communication industries together with the fast evolution of the semiconductor industry has made possible advances in the communications field. These advances have been used by other related applications to improve the services that they bring about. On the other hand, business crimes have increased three digits orders of magnitude in one decade, making from 20% to 30% of small businesses fail. These conditions demand new solutions to make security systems more reliable and efficient. The present work combines ISDN as a network with a security system to create a security network (SECNET). It will create intelligent and distributed security devices that communicate information from different places to a main security office by using the ISDN lines available at the premises. This work also introduces a new idea of individual equipment protection.
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Proulx, Marianne. "Gouvernance et imputabilité : la protection des valeurs publiques à l'ère de la privatisation des services d'eau." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19645.

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The international year of fresh water represents the opportunity to look back at the seemingly irresistible movement toward privatization and at the devolution of State responsibilities in water and wastewater services. The welfare State appears to be increasingly ill-adapted to times dominated by globalisation and efficiency, while the market and the private corporations are presented as a panacea for solving the water crisis. But expectations of the market have not been met. This thesis analyses the debate over privatization of these services and the fondamental impacts on public values of introducing a market philosophy into this industry. Rather than witnessing a retreat of the State, its role is evolving although direct service provision is superseded by heavy regulation of the industry. In criticizing the neoclassical approach to the public good and regulation, the thesis argues that individualizing the process of valuing the public good fosters a culture of conflict and complexity that ultimately undermines our ability to formulate and achieve common goals. This creates an important accountability deficit. The need for environmental efficiency and democracy in an era of uncertainty requires that we search for means of expanding the reach of public values and thus suggests an even deeper reshaping of our governance structures, public and private.
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Yao, Jingmei. "The influence of invertebrate and microbial cross-community interactions on the nitrate removal function in the hyporheic zone." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30225/document.

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L'objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre comment la biodiversité influence le service de purification de la qualité de l'eau en tant que service de régulation capable de limiter la charge en polluants de l'eau naturelle. Peu d'études ont regardé comment les invertébrés (macro- et méio-faune) sont capables d'influencer le fonctionnement de la zone hyporhéique considérée, comme un réacteur biogéochimique contribuant largement au recyclage des nutriments. L'élimination du nitrate et la dénitrification sont utilisés comme indicateur de ce service dans les rivières afin de pouvoir suivre son évolution spatiale et temporelle. Dans cette thèse, la relation fonctionnelle entre le taux de réduction des nitrates et les organismes participant à l'expression de ce service est testée à différentes échelles d'étude allant du microcosme jusqu'à l'habitat hyporhéique d'un méandre de large rivière, la Garonne. Cette relation est mise en évidence dans une série de colonnes d'infiltration reproduisant le lit de rivière avec sa communauté benthique (projet Inbioprocess). Dans cette expérience, un gradient de biodiversité a été créé avec des combinaisons de communautés +/- biofilm, +/- méiofaune et +/- macrofaune pour tester leur influence sur l'élimination du nitrate avec et sans pesticides dans le cadre du projet Inbioprocess. Les résultats suggèrent l'influence des interactions entre communautés, sur le taux de réduction des nitrates qui est supérieur quand les invertébrés sont présents (11.8 ± 1.2) par comparaison avec les conditions sans invertébrés (7.7 ± 1.4 mg N l-1d-1 ; moyenne ± erreur standard (m ± ET)). Ces interactions ont également été suggérées comme favorisant le retour de la capacité de réduction des nitrates en présence de pesticides, utilisé comme source de stress, dans l'eau des microcosmes. Ces résultats de laboratoire montrent l'influence des interactions trophiques et non trophiques entre les différents niveaux trophiques de ce réseau, avec probablement l'implication des espèces les plus résistantes pour expliquer la capacité potentielle de résilience du système. L'existence de cette relation fonctionnelle de type "top-down" a ensuite été explorée en conditions in situ. Les taux de rétention mesurés dans 9 cours d'eau européens (projet STREAMES) ont été estimés à l'échelle du tronçon de rivière à 1.64 ± 2.39 (m ± ET) mg NO3--N m-2.min-1. L'influence des communautés d'invertébrés sur le taux de réduction des nitrates se révèle statistiquement comme aussi importante que celle des facteurs physicochimiques dans l'ensemble des tronçons explorés. L'étude des traits biologiques des communautés d'invertébrés a permis de préciser le type de communauté le plus corrélé aux processus d'élimination des nitrates. Ces organismes sont majoritairement interstitiels vivant dans les sédiments grossiers et avec des modes d'alimentation de type brouteurs de biofilm. Dans la zone hyporhéique de la zone humide alluviale de Monbéqui (projet Attenagua), la corrélation positive de la communauté d'invertébrés avec le taux de dénitrification a été seulement visible pendant automne. Cette période est considérée comme un moment propice pour l'observation de la relation diversité-fonction dans ce milieu
This PhD study aims to understand how the biodiversity influences the water purification processes in the hyporheic zone of running water, as an important regulating service that reduces the quantity of pollutants in freshwater ecosystems. Few studies have focused on how the invertebrate community influences the functioning of hyporheic zones, which are considered as a biogeochemical reactor that largely contributes to nutrient cycling capacity of the rivers. Nitrate retention or denitrification functions in hyporheic zones are used as indicators for the water purification service. The relationship between the nitrate removal function and its associated biodiversity was tested at different scales from indoor microcosms to in-stream reaches and the hyporheic habitat of a large river (Garonne) meander, under natural and stressful conditions. First, the linkage between invertebrates and the nitrate (NO3-) removal function was given in evidence in a series of infiltration columns that mimicked the riverbed conditions with its benthic communities. A gradient of community diversity was created with biofilm, meiofauna and macrofauna communities' combination in different treatments. It enabled to test the influence of the invertebrate community on the NO3- removal rates with and without pesticides during the Inbioprocess project. The results implied the influence of invertebrate and microbial cross-community interactions on NO3- removal rates, which was higher with invertebrate communities in the sediments (11.8 ± 1.2) than without (7.7 ± 1.4 mg N.l-1.d-1). These findings suggested a top-down control of invertebrates on the microbial activities. These interactions were also depicted at the source of the recovery of the NO3- removal capacity when facing stressful conditions due to addition of pesticide in the experimental water. These laboratory findings highlighted the importance of multi-trophic level interactions in the hyporheic habitat, with probable implication of the more resistant species in the resilience capacity of this system. The occurrence of the top-down linkage was then explored in in situ habitats. The NO3- removal rates measured at the reach scale in 9 European streams during the STREAMES project ranged from 0.04 to 10.75 with an average of 1.64 ± 2.39 mg NO3--N m-2.min-1 (Mean ± SE). The results suggested that not only physico-chemical and hydrological factors, but also macro-invertebrate assemblages may influence nitrate removal. Some functional groups positively correlated with nitrate reduction were biofilm grazers and interstitial organisms associated with macro-porous substrate. In the hyporheic water of Monbequi meander of the Garonne river, the positive correlation between invertebrate diversity and the potential denitrification rates was only visible during the autumn season, suggesting a potential "hot moment" for the observation of this correlation between biodiversity and ecosystem function in fields
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Putz, Andrea Robin Holthouse. "Biological activated carbon: the relative role of metabolism and cometabolism in extending service life and improving process performance." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2167.

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Cele, Timothy Bheka. "Perceptions of rural water service delivery : the case of Ugu District Municipality / Timothy Bheka Cele." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10594.

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The start of the 21th century is notable for the apparent lack of safe drinking water and sanitation. Over one billion people in all parts of the world lack access to clean water. Most live in developing countries, such as Africa. Unsafe water and poor sanitation have been primary causal factors in the vast majority of water-borne diseases, especially diarrheal ones. The South African Constitution (Act 108 of 1996, Chapter 2, Section 24) states: “Everyone has the right: (a) To an environment that is not harmful to their health and their wellbeing; and (b) To have the environment protected, for the benefit of present and future generations, through reasonable legislative and other measures that prevent pollution and ecological degradation; promote conservation; ecologically sustainable development, and the use of natural resources, while promoting justifiable economic and social development.” Secondly, section 27 states that: “Everyone has the right to have access to: (a) Health-care services, including reproductive health care; (b) Sufficient food and water; and (c) Social security, including, if they are unable to support themselves and their dependants, appropriate social assistance.” These factors have prompted this research within the Ugu District Municipality on the perceptions of inadequate rural water service delivery. This study reveals information on those areas in the Ugu District Municipality, which do not have access to clean water, and on the health hazards that might lead to death if residents’ lack of access to clean water persists. The Ugu District Municipality, is situated in KwaZulu-Natal Province, and covers a surface area of 5866 km2. There are six local municipalities in this district. These are: Ezinqoleni, Umzumbe, Umziwabantu, Hibiscus Coast, Umdoni and Vulamehlo. The node is 77% rural and 23% urban, and the total population for this area is 704027 (Ugu District Municipality IDP 2nd 2011/2012:19).
M. Development and Management (Water Studies), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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Books on the topic "Water purification services"

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Parker, Philip M. Water and wastewater equipment and services in Taiwan: A strategic references, 2006. [San Diego, Calif]: Icon Group International, 2007.

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Parker, Philip M. Water treatment equipment and services in Canada: A strategic reference, 2007. [San Diego, Calif.]: Icon Group International, 2007.

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Bill, Lauer, and American Water Works Association. Qualserve Benchmarking Program., eds. Benchmarking performances indicators for water and wastewater utilities. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association, 2005.

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Water supply and sanitation services for the rural poor: The Gram Vikas experience. Bourton on Dunsmore, UK: Practical Action Pub., 2007.

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Office, General Accounting. Army procurement: No savings from contracting for support services at Fort Eustis, Virginia : report to the Honorable Herbert H. Bateman, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1988.

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Office, General Accounting. Army procurement: The selection of a manufacturer for the 120-mm mortar : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Procurement and Military Nuclear Systems, Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1989.

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District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Federal Workforce, Postal Service, and the District of Columbia of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, April 15, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Lead exposure in D.C.: Prevention, protection, and potential prescriptions : hearing before the Subcommittee on Federal Workforce, Postal Service, and the District of Columbia of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session, June 15, 2010. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2010.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1993: Hearing before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on S. 1547, a bill to reauthorize and amend Title XIV of the Public Health Service Act (commonly known as the "Safe Drinking Water Act"), and for other purposes, October 27, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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Works, United States Congress Senate Committee on Environment and Public. Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1993: Hearing before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on S. 1547, a bill to reauthorize and amend Title XIV of the Public Health Service Act (commonly known as the "Safe Drinking Water Act"), and for other purposes, October 27, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water purification services"

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Ovchinnikov, V. V., A. A. Kulakov, S. A. Maltseva, and I. G. Grigor’eva. "The Purification of Service Water from Nickel Ions." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 133–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81289-8_18.

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López-Fernández, Eduardo J., Francisco Alonso-Peralta, Gastón Sanglier-Contreras, and Roberto A. González-Lezcano. "The Water Cycle in the Smart Cities Environment." In Social, Legal, and Ethical Implications of IoT, Cloud, and Edge Computing Technologies, 132–60. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3817-3.ch006.

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This chapter analyses the urban water cycle in the smarts cities, describes the current situation, which constitutes a valid but outdated knowledge, adopting the perspective of improving and extending the measures that lead to greater efficiency of the water collection, treatment, supply, sewage, purification, and reuse systems at all stages of the water cycle: the sites, construction, operation, and maintenance of the networks and systems that enable the cycle to be completed effectively. The process of converting a city into smart city includes resources, processes, and services, and all stages of the water cycle are a set of processes, with water as a fundamental resource, which condition the different services to citizens, and therefore, it is necessary to try to establish efficiency improvements in all of them.
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Lindgren, Elisabet, My S. Almqvist, and Thomas Elmqvist. "Ecosystem services and health benefits—an urban perspective." In Oxford Textbook of Nature and Public Health, edited by Matilda van den Bosch and William Bird, 257–63. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725916.003.0017.

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Ecosystem services provide water, food, shelter, fuelwood, fibres, and medicinal plants, and contribute to local and global climate regulation, moderation of extreme events, run-off mitigation, erosion prevention, waste treatment, air purification, noise reduction, pollination, biological control, and biodiversity—conditions that all directly and indirectly influence human health. In addition, ecosystem services provide recreation, mental and physical health, and aesthetic and spiritual considerations. A rapidly urbanizing world in combination with global changes are creating new health risks or enhancing existing health concerns. Possible impacts on human health of ecosystem services were evaluated in three different urban environments (i.e. affluent mature, affluent growing, and low-income growing). The outcomes suggest that several health concerns in cities worldwide can be reduced or avoided by acknowledging and integrating beneficial impacts on health from ecosystem services in urban planning.
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Gull, Azad, Ashaq Ahmad Dar, and Jaya Chaturvedi. "Impact of Pesticides on Invertebrates in Aquatic Ecosystem." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 182–99. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6111-8.ch011.

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Aquatic ecosystems do not contain more than a fragment of the global water resources, but they are exclusive and complex habitats due to the extremely close association between terrestrial and aquatic habitats. The important fish stocks and a unique set of organisms that provides priceless consumer services, such as chemical water purification and organic matter processing, are affected. The pollution of aquatic ecosystems with pesticides applied in agricultural production is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest anthropogenic stressors to stream ecosystems, and agricultural pesticides are known to cause a threat to all living organisms in stream ecosystems. The general objective of this chapter is to study the effects of agricultural pesticides on invertebrates. There are only a few evaluating effects of pesticide contamination resulting from normal agricultural practice on invertebrates, and there is a lack of studies focusing on the indirect effects of pesticides. The importance of physical habitat degradation in the assessment and mitigation of pesticide risk in agricultural streams will be discussed.
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Abel, Julian, and Allan Kellehear. "Introduction." In Oxford Textbook of Public Health Palliative Care, 1–4. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198862994.003.0001.

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This is a book about the public health approach within palliative care. Often when we think about ‘public health’ it is more usual to think about palliative care as part of the public health system – similar to the hospitals, nursing homes, and community clinics – but also the broader supports for population health such as sewerage and water purification systems or workplace health and safety. In universities, we often think of public health in terms of the surveillance sciences – epidemiology, health services research, computer modeling, or the bench sciences devoted to understanding disease. But in this volume, we are specifically addressing a newer and less recognized aspect of public health – public health practice methods such as education, health policy, community development, or social ecology. We are also specifically examining the role of the ‘new’ public health, sometimes also known as health promotion. Health promotion is a major departure from the emphases on surveillance, disease, and health services by placing its gaze and efforts on practice solutions, health and wellbeing, and community and civic involvement in healthcare – in this case, palliative care. The Oxford Textbook of Public health Palliative Care is an introduction to this dimension of practice. This chapter provides an overview of what public health palliative care is and outlines the themes and topics that will be covered in each section.
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Li, Tianjie, and Yan Huang. "Wastewater Treatment Appliances for Urban Constructed WQT Wetland Landscaping." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220329.

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Shortage of water resources has become one of vital problems world widely, so improvement for making more sufficient use of urban tailwater is one of significant issues for environmental engineering as well as landscaping. With different technologies and various of its types, constructed wetlands can be applied to purify lightly polluted water. Urban water quality treatment (WQT) wetland is an economical and efficient infrastructure for tertiary wastewater treatment, which would be potential once its purification capabilities could be developed. Three principles, including ecological, service, and aesthetic principles, have been concluded in this research. In addition, relationships among practical landscape design strategies of constructed WQT wetlands and other factors, including its water treatment performance, simulation analysis and landscape aesthetics, should be applied in practical landscape design, which will enable them to play a key role as one of nature-based solutions (NBS) in future.
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Conference papers on the topic "Water purification services"

1

Maksimova, Ekaterina, Ekaterina Maksimova, Vladimir Zhigulsky, Vladimir Zhigulsky, Vladimir Shuisky, and Vladimir Shuisky. "ASSESSMENT OF THE SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF THE MACROPHYTE THICKET ECOSYSTEMS IN THE NEVA BAY AND THE ADJACENT WATERS OF THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b93849b8ce5.05692343.

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The macrophyte thicket ecosystems of higher aquatic vegetation in the Neva Bay (NB) and Eastern Gulf of Finland (EGoF) perform many important roles, including acting as the habitats, nesting sites and migration sites for aquatic and semi-aquatic birds, creating the specific conditions necessary for the spawning and growth of many species of fish, and taking part in the self-purification of the aquatic ecosystems. Many anthropogenic disturbances, hydraulic works in particular, have a significant negative impact on these macrophyte thicket ecosystems. In recent years, the active growth of a new type of macrophyte thicket has been observed in the NB. This is due to the aftereffects of the construction of the Saint Petersburg Flood Prevention Facility Complex (FPFC). It is quite likely that the total macrophyte thicket area in these waters is currently increasing. In the future, it will be necessary to assess the environmental impacts of the hydraulic works on the macrophyte thicket of the NB and EGoF, taking into account the background processes of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the reed beds in the waters in question. To do this, it will be necessary to carry out a comprehensive study of these ecosystems and identify patterns in their spatial and temporal dynamics. The program of the study has been developed and is currently being implemented by Eco-Express-Service, a St. Petersburg eco-design company.
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2

Maksimova, Ekaterina, Ekaterina Maksimova, Vladimir Zhigulsky, Vladimir Zhigulsky, Vladimir Shuisky, and Vladimir Shuisky. "ASSESSMENT OF THE SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF THE MACROPHYTE THICKET ECOSYSTEMS IN THE NEVA BAY AND THE ADJACENT WATERS OF THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431672d7ed.

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Abstract:
The macrophyte thicket ecosystems of higher aquatic vegetation in the Neva Bay (NB) and Eastern Gulf of Finland (EGoF) perform many important roles, including acting as the habitats, nesting sites and migration sites for aquatic and semi-aquatic birds, creating the specific conditions necessary for the spawning and growth of many species of fish, and taking part in the self-purification of the aquatic ecosystems. Many anthropogenic disturbances, hydraulic works in particular, have a significant negative impact on these macrophyte thicket ecosystems. In recent years, the active growth of a new type of macrophyte thicket has been observed in the NB. This is due to the aftereffects of the construction of the Saint Petersburg Flood Prevention Facility Complex (FPFC). It is quite likely that the total macrophyte thicket area in these waters is currently increasing. In the future, it will be necessary to assess the environmental impacts of the hydraulic works on the macrophyte thicket of the NB and EGoF, taking into account the background processes of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the reed beds in the waters in question. To do this, it will be necessary to carry out a comprehensive study of these ecosystems and identify patterns in their spatial and temporal dynamics. The program of the study has been developed and is currently being implemented by Eco-Express-Service, a St. Petersburg eco-design company.
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3

Michiels, P. "Dismantling the Nuclear Research Reactor Thetis." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96210.

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The research reactor Thetis, in service since 1967 and stopped in 2003, is part of the laboratories of the institution of nuclear science of the University of Ghent. The reactor, of the pool-type, was used as a neutron-source for the production of radio-isotopes and for activation-analyses. The reactor is situated in a water pool with inner diameter of 3 m. and a depth of 7.5 m. The reactor core is situated 5.3m under water level. Besides the reactor, the pool contains pneumatic loops, handling tools, graphite blocks for neutron moderation and other experimental equipment. The building houses storage rooms for fissile material and sources, a pneumatic circuit for transportation of samples, primary and secondary cooling circuits, water cleaning resin circuits, a ventilation system and other necessary devices. Because of the experimental character of the reactor, laboratories with glove boxes and other tools were needed and are included in the dismantling program. The building is in 3 levels with a crawl-space. The ground-floor contains the ventilation installation, the purification circuits with tanks, cooling circuits and pneumatic transport system. On the first floor, around the reactor hall, the control-room, visiting area, end-station for pneumatic transport, waste-storage room, fuel storage-room and the labs are located. The second floor contains a few laboratories and end stations of the two high speed transfer tubes. The lowest level of the pool is situated under ground level. The reactor has been operated at a power of 150 kW and had a max operating power of 250 kW. Belgoprocess has been selected to decommission the reactor, the labs, storage halls and associated circuits to free release the building for conventional reuse and for the removal of all its internals as legal defined. Besides the dose-rate risk and contamination risk, there is also an asbestos risk of contamination. During construction of the installation, asbestos-containing materials were used, which must be removed in controlled conditions. The ventilation system is considered free from nuclear contamination but it contains asbestos. This paper covers the organization of the dismantling work, the technical execution aspect and conclusions already known (dismantling is ongoing as this is written).
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Choi, Sun Yeong, Young Hwan Choi, and Yeon Ki Chung. "Application of a Piping Failure Database to Some Nuclear Safety Issues in Korea." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49572.

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The purpose of this paper is to introduce some experience from the application of a piping failure database to some nuclear safety issues in Korea. We used both a Korean piping failure database and the OPDE (OECD Piping Data Failure Exchange) database for the following issues in Korea, the inservice inspection (ISI) including the augmented inspection and the risk-informed ISI (RI-ISI), the screening criteria of the leak before break (LBB) application, the plant aging management in the periodic safety review (PSR), and the re-evaluation of the initiating event frequencies for the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA). The following are the results obtained from this study. (1) The rupture frequency of the main feedwater system for the PSA purpose was estimated as 4.54E−3/cr.yr, while that in the United States was 3.43E−3/cr.yr. (2) The piping failure frequencies of the five failed piping systems such as the CVCS, the primary sampling system, the main feedwater system, the essential service water system, and the CANDU purification system with the pipe population data in Korea were estimated in the range from 6.08E−5/cr.yr to 1.15E−3/cr.yr. (3) The evaluation of the screening criteria for the LBB application showed that detailed analyses are required because the pressurizer surge line, the safety injection system, and the shutdown cooling system were susceptible to thermal fatigue, and the main feedwater system was susceptible to flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) and thermal fatigue. (4) Based on the piping failure event data, augmented inspections are required for the piping systems susceptible to thermal fatigue and FAC in Korea. (5) The insight obtained from the piping failure database was used in the determination of the ranking for the plant aging management in the PSR of the Kori Unit 1.
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