Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water Purification Disinfection Australia

Academic literature on the topic 'Water Purification Disinfection Australia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Water Purification Disinfection Australia"

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Bersillon, J. L. "Water Purification and Disinfection Processes." Acta hydrochimica et hydrobiologica 27, no. 2 (February 1999): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-401x(199902)27:2<98::aid-aheh98>3.0.co;2-e.

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Reshnyak, Valerii I., Aleksandr I. Kaliaush, and Ksenia V. Reshnyak. "DEVELOPMENT OF BALLAST WATER PURIFICATION AND DISINFECTION TECHNOLOGY." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 14, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2022-14-3-365-373.

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The technology of purification and disinfection of ballast water developed by the authors is presented in the paper. Based on the results of a systematic analysis of the problem and on research experience in this field, it has been shown that the quality of ballast water discharged overboard after its use as ballast is determined by such basic factors as purification technology and design features of treatment devices, as well as conditions for operations with ballast water. The technology of ballast water purification as a complex of operations for purification, treatment and disinfection is determined by environmental requirements for the quality of purified and discharged overboard water, as well as the properties of the initial ballast water. The analysis of modern environmental requirements for the discharge of ballast water is given. It is shown that these requirements establish the level of permissible bacteriological danger of the discharged ballast water, taking into account the dispersed characteristics of the bacteriologically dangerous substance. These requirements determine the composition of operations that should be included in the technology of purification and disinfection of ballast water. Based on the results of the analysis of environmental requirements for the quality of purified ballast water, which determine the required water quality, a number of technological solutions collectively representing the technology of water purification and disinfection are proposed and justified. As disinfection, the use of ozone as an effective oxidizer is proposed. The use of sedimentation is proposed to regulate the content of dispersed particles of pollutants. Technological solutions also take into account the need for operations with a large amount of ballast water, as well as high reception and discharge capacity. It is proposed to carry out the disinfection process in small volumes of sediment, which is a concentrated mass of bacteriological substance obtained during preliminary coagulation and sedimentation, for which ship ballast tanks can be used. The proposed technology can be applied both in ship installations and in offshore environmental protection equipment - floating or coastal, for example, port facilities.
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Dvoinikova, A. V., and O. I. Filipovskaya. "RESEARCH ON PURIFICATION, DISINFECTION AND ENRICHMENTOF NATURAL WATER." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2017-2-89-92.

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The article emphasizes that the proposed method of natural water purification with natural sorbents is more effective than purification with artificial sorbents. This will give the opportunity not only to get rid of contaminants, but also disinfect and enrich water with natural chemical elements.
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Matsumoto, Takahiro, Ichiro Tatsuno, and Tadao Hasegawa. "Instantaneous Water Purification by Deep Ultraviolet Light in Water Waveguide: Escherichia Coli Bacteria Disinfection." Water 11, no. 5 (May 9, 2019): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050968.

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The necessity of small water purification equipment has been increasing in recent years as a result of frequent natural disasters. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation treatment is an effective method for the disinfection of bacterial contaminants in water. As an emerging technology, disinfection by deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs) is promising. Few studies have used the point-source characteristics of LEDs and have instead replaced mercury vapor lamps with LEDs. Here, we demonstrate the instantaneous purification of contaminated water by combining the point source characteristics of DUV-LEDs with a water waveguide (WW). The principle is based on the WW region acting as an effective DUV disinfector, whereby a high UV dose in a confined WW region can be applied to bacterial contaminants in a short period of time (around one second). We demonstrate the effect of this DUV-LED WW disinfection technique by showing the results of 3-log disinfection levels of water contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria after a short treatment time. We believe that the combination of the point-source nature of DUV-LED emission, the water-waveguide effect, and a small photovoltaic cell paves the way toward environmentally friendly and emergency preparedness portable water purification equipment that instantaneously supplies clean water just before drinking.
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Pilotto, Louis S. "Disinfection of drinking water, disinfection by-products and cancer: what about Australia?" Australian Journal of Public Health 19, no. 1 (February 12, 2010): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00304.x.

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Gerba, Charles P., and Jaime E. Naranjo. "Microbiological water purification without the use of chemical disinfection." Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 11, no. 1 (March 2000): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1580/1080-6032(2000)011[0012:mwpwtu]2.3.co;2.

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STRUTYNSKA, Lesya. "EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATIVE WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES OF SWIMMING POOLS AND WATER PARKS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 308, no. 4 (July 28, 2022): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-308-4-32.

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Typical processes of water purification and water treatment of water park pools are considered. The method of economic estimation of efficiency of their application is offered. The methodology is based on the introduction of a number of indicators of the quality of the water treatment process of calculating the coefficient of “efficiency criterion” of water treatment of swimming pools. The purpose of this study was to develop an innovative technology of electrolytic-cavitation water treatment for swimming pools and water parks and to create a method of comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of modern water treatment technologies. A new technological scheme of electrolytic-cavitation water purification of public water bodies is proposed. A mathematical dependence has been created, which allows to objectively assess the effectiveness of various methods of water treatment and purification using the proposed indicator called “efficiency criterion” It is established that the proposed method of electrolytic-cavitation water purification has the highest values of efficiency from the considered water purification processes. This method is based on an organic combination of the advantages of such physical methods as electrolytic and cavitation disinfection of organic and biological water pollutants. The degree of purification and disinfection provided by him reaches 97-98%.
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Sobotka, J. "Application of Ultraviolet Radiation for Water Disinfection and Purification in Poland." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 9-11 (November 1, 1992): 2313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0724.

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A multi-disciplinary research project on water disinfection using UV radiation was carried out under laboratory conditions as well as in selected pools and waterworks. The influence of UV radiation on physical, chemical and microbiological properties of water was determined. The report describes prototype devices and disinfection systems, as well as methods of determining UV radiation dose and α absorption coefficient.
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Utsev, Terlumun Joseph, Uungwa Shachia Jude, and Peter Okah. "Suitability of Lemna Trisulca (Duckweed) in Water Purification." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 2, no. 3 (March 11, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2017.2.3.270.

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The research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of duckweed as a coagulant/disinfectant in the treatment of water and wastewater. Water sample was obtained from River Benue and duckweed was harvested near a residential area in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Laboratory experiments were carried out using dosage, pH, temperature, initial concentration and Flocculating Speed as variables for both disinfection and coagulation. Results obtained revealed that, the optimum conditions with respect to disinfection (bacteria load removal) were; Dosage=0.4ml, pH=9, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=300µm and Flocculating speed=90rev/min, with highest percentage removal of 91% and 82% for the filtrate and powder respectively. For coagulation (turbidity and suspended solid removal), the optimum conditions were; Dosage=0.2ml, pH=5, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=633FTU and Flocculating Speed=90rev/min with the highest percentage removal at 84.3% and 80.4% for duckweed filtrate and powder respectively. It is recommended that, duckweed filtrate and powder should be used in water purification for drinking and greywater respectively.
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Utsev, Terlumun Joseph, Uungwa Shachia Jude, and Peter Okah. "Suitability of Lemna Trisulca (Duckweed) in Water Purification." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 2, no. 3 (March 11, 2017): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2017.2.3.270.

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The research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of duckweed as a coagulant/disinfectant in the treatment of water and wastewater. Water sample was obtained from River Benue and duckweed was harvested near a residential area in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Laboratory experiments were carried out using dosage, pH, temperature, initial concentration and Flocculating Speed as variables for both disinfection and coagulation. Results obtained revealed that, the optimum conditions with respect to disinfection (bacteria load removal) were; Dosage=0.4ml, pH=9, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=300µm and Flocculating speed=90rev/min, with highest percentage removal of 91% and 82% for the filtrate and powder respectively. For coagulation (turbidity and suspended solid removal), the optimum conditions were; Dosage=0.2ml, pH=5, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=633FTU and Flocculating Speed=90rev/min with the highest percentage removal at 84.3% and 80.4% for duckweed filtrate and powder respectively. It is recommended that, duckweed filtrate and powder should be used in water purification for drinking and greywater respectively.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water Purification Disinfection Australia"

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Ranmuthugala, Geethanjali Piyawadani. "Disinfection by-products in drinking water and genotoxic changes in urinary bladder epithelial cells." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20011207.110344/index.html.

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Mangombo, Zelo. "The electrogeneration of hydroxyl radicals for water disinfection." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5745_1190373027.

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This study has shown that OH˙ radicals can be generated in an Fe/O2 cell from the electrode products via Fenton&rsquo
s reaction and used for water disinfection. The cell system in which the experiments were carried out was open and undivided and contained two electrodes with iron (Fe) as the anode and oxygen (O2) gas diffusion electrode. Typically, 100 ml of Na2SO4.10H2O (0.5M) solution was used as a background electrolyte. OH˙ radicals were produced in-situ in an acidic solution aqueous by oxidation of iron (II), formed by dissolving of the anode, with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The H2O2 was electrogenerated by reduction of oxygen using porous reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) as a catalyst.

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Rojko, Christine. "Solar disinfection of drinking water." Link to electronic thesis, 2003. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0423103-124244.

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Hardy, Scott Andrew. "Effectiveness of static mixers for disinfection of cryptosporidium oocysts." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20925.

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Siguba, Maxhobandile. "The development of appropriate brine electrolysers for disinfection of rural water supplies." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_6284_1180438520.

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A comparative study of electrolysers using different anodic materials for the electrolysis of brine (sodium chloride) for the production of sodium hypochlorite as a source of available chlorine for disinfection of rural water supplies has been undertaken. The electrolyser design used was tubular in form, having two chambers i.e. anode inside and cathode outside, separated by a tubular inorganic ceramic membrane. The anode was made of titanium rod coated with a thin layer of platinum and a further coat of metal oxide. The cathode was made of stainless steel wire. An assessment of these electrolysers was undertaken by studying the effects of some variable parameters i.e.current, voltage and sodium chloride concentration. The cobalt electrolyser has been shown to be superior as compared to the ruthenium dioxide and manganese dioxide electrolysers in terms of hypochlorite generation. Analysis of hydroxyl radicals was undertaken since there were claims that these are produced during brine electrolysis. Hydroxyl radical analysis was not successful, since sodium hypochlorite and hypochlorous acid interfere using the analytical method described in this study.

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Liu, Jinlin, and 刘金林. "Wastewater organic as the precursors of disinfection byproducts in drinking water: characterization,biotransformation and treatment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46289562.

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Cronje, Martin. "Investigation of electrochemical combustion plant for rural water disinfection and industrial organic effluent removal." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16292.

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Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Recent years have seen the development of various treatment methods for the purification of industrial waste waters due to the increased demand for reduced pollutant effluents. Aqueous waste streams containing toxic organic compounds are of special interest, since conventional treatment methods such as biological waste treatment can not always be used. Other popular treatment methods are often ineffective. Catalytic oxidation of organic wastes has been investigated since the 1960s with varying degrees of success. A major problem associated with this method is the high temperatures and pressures required to improve the activation energies involved. Electrochemical oxidation has become a popular method in the literature of treating these wastes, since the applied voltage determines the activation energy, and therefore the process can often be performed at ambient conditions. This thesis investigates the capability of a unique reactor system in the treatment of these wastes. The reactor utilises proton-exchange membrane technology to eliminate the requirement of conductivity in treated waste streams; thus the membrane serves as a solid electrolyte. The reactor system has therefore been referred to as a solid-polymer-electrolyte reactor. Novel metal oxide anodes are responsible for the oxidation of the organic molecules. These metal oxide catalysts show promise in the treatment of a wide variety of organic wastes. A SnO2 catalyst doped with ZrO2 is used as anode in this study. Dopants are added to the catalyst to improve properties such as catalytic activity and conductivity. Kinetic data was obtained on a wide range of values for the chosen experimental parameters (current density and flow rate). Phenol, an organic molecule often referred to in the literature as model contaminant due to its resistance to oxidation,was also used as contaminant in this study. The use of the reactor system in the disinfection of water containing selected pathogens, were included in the experimental work. This kinetic data served in the development of a simple model of the process, and provided the basis for a full analysis regarding potential scale-up and economic feasibility. A requirement of the study was the accurate determination of the various oxidation breakdown products of phenol. This led to the refinement of an HPLC analytical method in order to quantitatively determine these products. The full analysis showed that the current reactor system would not be economically viable — mainly due to very long reactor lengths required for the complete removal of all organic material. Both mass transfer and charge transfer at the chosen experimental conditions influenced the electrochemical oxidation of phenol. High pressure drops, causing low flow rates in the reactor, accounted for this because of the narrow flow channels required in the reactor. Some catalyst deactivation was also suspected to affect the overall reaction, but the full extent of the deactivation was not investigated thoroughly. There is still room for improvement in the electrochemical oxidation of organic wastes. The design of the flow channels, a factor that was not investigated, can significantly improve efficiency. Another aspect that was not investigated was the catalyst type. The catalyst has been identified in the literature as the main contributing factor to the success of the oxidation reaction. A wide variety of metal oxide catalysts are currently being researched and may improve the kinetics of the process even further. Further improvement needs to be made on the membrane/electrode assembly to improve current density distribution. Every improvement of the process in terms of the reactor design and catalyst will impact on the economics of the process, thus making the process more competitive with current treatment technologies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die afgelope paar dekades, is daar ’n wye verskeidenheid metodes ontwikkel wat gebruik kan word om industri¨ele afvoer strome te behandel. Hierdie ontwikkeling het plaasgevind as gevolg van die verhoogde eis aan skoner afvoerstrome. Wateragtige afvoerstrome wat organiese verbindings bevat, is van besonderse belang omdat hierdie tipe strome soms besonders moeilik kan wees om te behandel. Gebruiklike metodes is in die meeste gevalle ongeskik vir behandelings-doeleindes. Katalitiese oksidasie is sedert die 1960’s gebruik, maar hierdie prosesse benodig dikwels ho¨e drukke en temperature om suksesvol te wees. Elektrochemiese oksidasie het intussen ’n populˆere behandelingsmetode geword, aangesien die aktiveringsenergie vir die oksidasieproses hoofsaaklik afhanklik is van die aangewende potensiaal en dus kan die proses by atmosferiese toestande gebruik word. In hierdie tesis word die geskiktheid van ’n unieke reaktorstelsel vir water-suiwering ondersoek. Die reaktor gebruik ’n proton-uitruilings-membraan om die behoefte vir konduktiwiteit in die water uit te skakel. Die membraan dien dus as ’n tipe soliede elektroliet en as gevolg hiervan word na die reaktorstelsel verwys as ’n soliede-polimeer-elektroliet reaktor. Nuwe metaal-oksied anodes word in die reaktor gebruik aangesien hulle belowende resultate toon in die oksidasie van organiese verbindings. In die navorsing, is ’n SnO2 katalis wat klein hoeveelhede ZrO2 bevat gebruik. Oksiede soos ZrO2 word dikwels gebruik om die aktiwiteit en konduktiwiteit van hierdie kataliste te bevorder. Kinetiese data is oor ’n wye bereik van parameter waardes ingesamel. Die hoof parameters in die eksperimentele werk was stroom digtheid en vloeitempo. Fenol, ‘n komponent wat volgens die literatuur in hierdie tipe van werk gebruik word, isas die besoedelende komponent gekies. Die doeltreffendheid van die reaktor in die ontsmetting van water, wat met ’n verskeidenheid skadelike mikro-organismes besmet is, is ook getoets. ‘n Eenvoudinge model is opgestel m.b.v. die kinetiese data, waarna ’n volledige analise met betrekking tot grootskaalse bedryf en ekonomiese uitvoerbaarheid gedoen is. ‘n Vereiste van die studie was om die konsentrasie van die afbreek-produkte van die oksidasie akkuraat vas te stel. As gevolg hiervan is ‘n ho¨e-druk-vloeistofchromatografie analitiese metode verfyn. Die analise het getoon dat die reaktorstelsel nie ekonomies sou wees nie. Een van die hoofredes hiervoor is die onrealistiese reaktorlengtes wat benodig sou word. Resultate het getoon dat die reaksie deur beide massa-oordrag en lading-oordrag be¨ınvloed word. Ho¨e drukvalle in die reaktor wat gelei het tot lae vloeitempo’s was hiervoor verantwoordelik. Die deaktivering van die katalis be¨ınvloed waarskynlik die reaksie, maar die deaktiveringsverskynsel is nie ten volle ondersoek nie. Die reaktorstelsel kan verder verbeter word deur verskeie elemente van die reaktor te ondersoek. Die ontwerp van die vloeikanale in die reaktor is nie ondersoek nie en kan die werksverrigting van die reaktor verhoog. Uit die literatuur is gevind dat die tipe metaaloksied wat as katalis gebruik word, die reaksie direk be¨ınvloed. Dus kan navorsing wat tans op die kataliste gedoen word nuwe kataliste na vore bring wat meer doeltreffend sal wees. Laastens, is die huidige membraan/elektrode samestelling nog oneffektief en kan die reaktor-opstelling dus nog verbeter word. Elke verbetering wat op die bogenoemde faktore van die reaktor ontwerp verkry word, sal die ekomoniese uitvoerbaarheid van die proses be¨ınvloed. So, sal die proses al meer kompeterend met huidige behandelingsmetodes word.
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Har, Yuk-yee Sylvia, and 夏玉兒. "Disinfection in wastewater treatment and its application in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013056.

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Storlie, Leslee. "An Investigation into Bromate Formation in Ozone Disinfection Systems." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26896.

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Ozonation is used as an alternative disinfection process to chlorination but unfortunately has a potential of oxidizing bromide, a natural component of water sources, to bromate. Bromate is a possible carcinogen with a maximum contaminant level of 10 ppb. To understand bromate formation in full-scale systems, a comprehensive study was conducted at the Moorhead Water Treatment Plant (WTP). Bromide concentrations in source waters were monitored. Water samples from locations in the ozonation chambers were collected and analyzed for bromate and other parameters. Results showed that bromate formation was increased through increases in pH, bromide, and ozone dose during high temperatures and was decreased by increases in organics. The impact of the bromate influential parameters was minimized at low temperatures. To assist Moorhead WTP on developing bromate control strategies, a modeling approach was adopted to predict bromate formation at various operational conditions using temperature, pH, ozone dose, bromide, and TOC.
MWH Global, AWWA Scholarship
American Water Works Association (AWWA), Minnesota and North Dakota sections
North Dakota Water Resources Research Institute
Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University
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Gabbai, Udi Edward. "Microbial inactivation using ultraviolet light-emitting diodes for point-of-use water disinfection." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708718.

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Books on the topic "Water Purification Disinfection Australia"

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Buchanan, Kelly M. Water disinfection. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Bellamy, William D. Integrated disinfection design framework. Denver, CO: AWWA Research Foundation and American Water Works Association, 1998.

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Bouman, Dick. Smart disinfection solutions: Examples of small-scale disinfection products for safe drinking water. Amsterdam: KIT Publishers, 2010.

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E, Cotton Christine, ed. The ultraviolet disinfection handbook. Denver, Colo: American Water Works Association, 2008.

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David, Gaithuma, Heath Mark, Schulz Chris, Bogan Travis, and Water Research Foundation, eds. UV disinfection knowledge base. Denver, CO: Water Research Foundation, 2012.

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P, Fulton George, Budd George C, and Hazen and Sawyer, eds. Disinfection alternatives for safe drinking water. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1992.

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Bergmann, M. E. Henry. Perchlorate formation in electrochemical water disinfection. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Najm, Issam N. Validating disinfection in ozone contactors. Denver, Colo: Water Research Foundation, 2009.

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Wobma, Paul C. UV disinfection and disinfection by-product characteristics of unfiltered water. Denver, CO: Awwa Research Foundation, 2004.

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DeMers, Larry. Alternative disinfection technologies for small drinking water systems. Denver: AWWA Research Foundation and American Water Works Association, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water Purification Disinfection Australia"

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Bereiter, Robert, Daniel Vescoli, and Lorenzo Antonio Liebminger. "Disinfection in Water and Used Water Purification." In Handbook of Water and Used Water Purification, 1–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66382-1_65-1.

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Sokolowski, Aleksandra, Stephanie Gora, and Susan Andrews. "Effects of Nanotechnologies on Disinfection By-product Formation." In Nanotechnology for Water Treatment and Purification, 275–306. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06578-6_9.

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Korshin, Gregory V. "Chlorine Based Oxidants for Water Purification and Disinfection." In ACS Symposium Series, 223–45. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2011-1071.ch011.

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Ray, Chittaranjan, and Ravi Jain. "Disinfection Systems." In Low Cost Emergency Water Purification Technologies, 55–86. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-411465-4.00004-4.

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Parsons, S. A., E. H. Goslan, S. McGrath, P. Jarvis, and B. Jefferson. "Disinfection Byproduct Control." In Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification, 120–47. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-382182-9.00084-0.

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Belekar, R. M., and d. S. J. Dhoble. "Review on Water Purifications Techniques and Challenges." In Water Pollution Sources and Purification: Challenges and Scope, 1–27. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815050684122010004.

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Nowadays, the whole world is facing water containment issues caused by anthropogenic sources, including household waste, agricultural waste, and industrial waste. There is a huge impact of wastewater on the environment; hence, the public concern over it has been increased. This led researchers to be motivated and find radical and cheap solutions to overcome this problem. Several conventional techniques, including boiling, filtration, sedimentation, and chlorination, are used for wastewater treatment; however, they have limited scope. Some other methods like coagulation, flocculation, biological treatment, Fenton processes, advanced oxidation, membrane.based processes, ion exchange, electrochemical, adsorption, and UV-based processes have been applied to remove pollutants, but there are still some limitations. This review chapter sheds some light on these traditional and modern methods applied for water treatment, along with their advantages and disadvantages. These methods have the potential to remove pollutants from wastewater, such as natural organic matter, heavy metals, inorganic metallic matter, disinfection byproducts, and microbial chemicals. The potential threats and challenges of using water treatment methods for safe water production have also been discussed in this chapter. Nowadays, the whole world is facing water containment issues caused by anthropogenic sources, including household waste, agricultural waste, and industrial waste. There is a huge impact of wastewater on the environment; hence, the public concern over it has been increased. This led researchers to be motivated and find radical and cheap solutions to overcome this problem. Several conventional techniques, including boiling, filtration, sedimentation, and chlorination, are used for wastewater treatment; however, they have limited scope. Some other methods like coagulation, flocculation, biological treatment, Fenton processes, advanced oxidation, membrane.based processes, ion exchange, electrochemical, adsorption, and UV-based processes have been applied to remove pollutants, but there are still some limitations. This review chapter sheds some light on these traditional and modern methods applied for water treatment, along with their advantages and disadvantages. These methods have the potential to remove pollutants from wastewater, such as natural organic matter, heavy metals, inorganic metallic matter, disinfection byproducts, and microbial chemicals. The potential threats and challenges of using water treatment methods for safe water production have also been discussed in this chapter.
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Singh, Rohini, and Suman Dutta. "Current Approaches of Nanotechnology for Potential Drinking Water Purification." In Handbook of Research on Emerging Developments and Environmental Impacts of Ecological Chemistry, 307–24. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1241-8.ch014.

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Uninterrupted supply of adequate and clean drinking water is a fundamental human necessity, and essential to maintain the healthy surroundings. It also influences the development and economic growth, specifically in developing countries. It provides an excellent opportunity for treatment of surface water, groundwater, and wastewater contaminated by toxic metal ions, organic and inorganic solutes, and microorganisms. It facilitates an opportunity to optimize the current conventional techniques and to offer novel and innovative methods of water purification. Various nanomaterials on which purification of contaminated drinking water is based includes nanostructured catalytic membranes, nanosorbents, nanocatalysts, and bioactive nanoparticles. Current and potential applications of nanotechnology in water purification are adsorption, membrane separation processes, photocatalysis, disinfection, and microbial control. This chapter reviews the recent research efforts accomplished in the area of nanotechnology for drinking water purification.
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Tripathi, Manoj, and Akanksha Verma. "Conventional Methods for Removal of Emerging Water Pollutants." In Emerging Water Pollutants: Concerns and Remediation Technologies, 204–28. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97897815040739122010011.

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Water is essential for life and no creature can survive without clean and usable water. Most water is unusable as it contains salts and many other organic and inorganic impurities. Without taking these impurities out, the water available to us cannot be used. Different techniques can be adapted to purify the water and make it usable. The selection of the water purification technique can be made depending upon the water contamination, its loading, and other parameters. Based on the contamination and other parameters, chemical or physical techniques for water purification can be applied. Disinfection, desalination, coagulation, and chemical precipitation are common chemical methods used for water purification. For adsorption, membrane filtration is used to filter the pollutant out physically. Various char-based materials are synthesized and used for water purification using the adsorption route. Highly porous char materials can contain the contaminants into their pores and allow the clean water to pass through. The overflow of the adsorbent with the pollutant can be solved by using magnetic biochar as the contaminants can be taken out of the magnetic char based adsorbent and reused. Thus, the process becomes more effective and efficient. The chapter talks about these processes and their limitations, and advantages over the others. It also describes different types of materials used for the water purification processes.
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Pirzadeh, Bahareh. "Physical Wastewater Treatment." In Wastewater Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104324.

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Water is a valuable material. Water used to dispose of nature or enter the consumption cycle requires disinfection and purification to conserve water resources as well as to provide drinking water. Different processes are carried out on the water to increase water quality as much as possible. In general, the filtration process can be divided into two general categories. In the first process, harmful substances are removed from the water. In the second group, the processes are specifically designed to improve the quality and control parameters such as the pH value. The stages of water purification can be divided into different steps more in detail, which physical purification is one of these steps and has been discussed in this chapter.
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"Evaluation Methods of Reactivity." In Introduction to Photocatalysis: From Basic Science to Applications, 204–31. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781782623205-00204.

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Evaluation methods of photocatalysts proposed by ISO will be mainly described. Firstly, the ultraviolet and white fluorescent lamps used for the evaluation are summarized. Next, the evaluation tests of the self-cleaning performance of photocatalyst products, namely the decomposition test of methylene blue and the test with which the decomposition of the adsorbed organic compound is measured by the contact angle with the water, are introduced. Then, as for the evaluation of the performance of air-purification, the removal performances of pollutants, such as nitric oxide, acetaldehyde, toluene, formaldehyde, and methylmercaptane, will be described. Among them, the removal test of formaldehyde in a small-test chamber will be introduced. Because novel materials are often fabricated as powders, the evaluation methods for powders are required. Thus, a complete decomposition method of acetaldehyde and the evaluation method of photocatalytic activity by the consumption of dissolved oxygen are introduced. For water purification, the decomposition of DMSO was used in ISO test. The novel evaluation methods of disinfection performance of a photocatalyst targeting bacteria, fungi, virus, and algae are described. Finally, as for the decomposition of water to provide hydrogen energy which is not adopted by ISO, an evaluation method is introduced.
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Conference papers on the topic "Water Purification Disinfection Australia"

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Boyle, Paul M., and Brent C. Houchens. "Hands-On Water Purification Experiments Using the Adaptive WaTER Laboratory for Undergraduate Education and K-12 Outreach." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55108.

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A bench-top educational system, the Adaptive Water Treatment for Education and Research (WaTER) Laboratory, has been developed as part of a year-long capstone design project. The Adaptive WaTER Lab teaches students about the effectiveness of various water purification techniques. Stackable housings employ six different filtration and purification methods including: sediment filtration, carbon filtration, chemical disinfection, reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, and ultraviolet light disinfection. Filtration pressure is supplied by a hand or foot pump, and two rechargeable batteries are required for the UV sterilization unit. The advantages and limitations of each technique are investigated, with learning performance criteria measured by knowledge of: material costs, contaminant removal or neutralization capabilities (from large sediment to bacteria and viruses to chemicals), robustness and longevity, and power requirements and efficiencies. Finally, suitable combinations of treatment techniques are studied for specific contamination issues, with the ultimate goal of producing potable water. The importance of sustainable water use is also discussed. Background information and suggested experiments are introduced through accompanying educational packets. This system has had a successful impact on undergraduate education. The metrics of success include a published journal article, an awarded EPA P3 educational grant and a pending patent for the undergraduates involved in the development of the Lab. Other undergraduates are currently involved in a design for manufacturability study. Finally, the Lab has served as a demonstration tool in a new interdisciplinary engineering course “Integrated Approaches to Sustainable Development.” The Adaptive WaTER Lab has also been used in hands-on outreach to over 300 underrepresented K-12 students in the Houston area. Two high school students borrowed the original prototype of the Lab to use in an Earth Day demonstration, and one student recently worked on an individual project using the Lab. Because the Lab is portable and requires only human and solar power (to recharge the batteries via a solar backpack), it is also ideal for educational efforts in developing nations. Labs are currently being produced for outreach and donation via three international projects to install water purification systems and/or educational Labs in schools and clinics in Mexico, Lesotho and Swaziland, in collaboration with the Beyond Traditional Borders and Rice 360 health initiatives.
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Chen, Yongjun, and Dionysios D. Dionysiou. "High Performance TiO2 Photocatalytic Coatings and Reactors for the Purification, Disinfection and Recycle of Water in Space Applications." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-2993.

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Boyko, M. I., and A. V. Makogon. "Method of disinfection and purification of water using pulsed electric discharges of nanosecond duration in gas bubbles in it." In SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY: GLOBAL TRENDS, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-046-9-26.

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Abdykadyrov, A. A., N. V. Korovkin, E. T. Tashtai, I. Syrgabaev, M. M. Mamadiyarov, and Marxuly Sunggat. "Research of the process of disinfection and purification of drinking water using ETRO-02 plant based on high-frequency corona discharge." In 2021 3rd International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering (REEPE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/reepe51337.2021.9388046.

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Hughes, K. D. "The Role of Ozone in Marine Environmental Protection." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2014-oc1.

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Ozone has an important but as yet largely unfulfilled role to play in reducing damage to marine ecosystems, as well as, improving the onboard environment and living conditions for all shipboard personnel. Ozone can provide pure and safe potable water that is critical to vessel safety as pure water has an immediate impact on the health and morale of both crew and passengers. Ozone can also be the central player to eliminate chlorine in the disinfection of sewage in a new type of MSD that recycles the water for reuse in toilets. Controlling the spread of non-indigenous, invasive species transported in ballast water is another beneficial and valuable application of ozone The in situ purification of potable water in the holding tanks is in use 24/7 aboard four US Navy-owned ships, Research Vessels Knorr, Atlantis, Roger Revelle, and Melville and one NSF-owned ship, R/V Oceanus. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution was the first to opt for an ozone-based Water Quality Assurance system to treat water stored in the ship’s fresh water holding tanks in 1996andwith immediate success of the first installation the rest followed soon thereafter. The most recent installations of the Chem-Free WQA (Water Quality Assurance) system aboard new US Navy vessels are AGOR 27, R/V Neil Armstrong, commissioned in April 2014, and AGOR28 R/V Sally Ride. Ozone is also being used on board yachts from 31 ft. to over 300 ft., both power and sail, for indoor air quality and odor control, as well as odor control in the headspace of black and gray water holding tanks and simultaneous treatment of potable water. The marine environment, be it fresh, brackish, or salt, is exceptionally delicate. Environmental changes wrought by the activities of human activities worldwide are happening far too rapidly for marine species to evolve strategies that are necessary to successfully deal with them. Maintaining the health and viability of the marine ecosystem is absolutely essential to protect all aquatic life forms, as well as, humanity itself and preserve them for posterity. This paper will details several uniquely different applications in which ozone can best be used to the benefit of the marine environment on both outside and inside a vessel’s hull.
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Reports on the topic "Water Purification Disinfection Australia"

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Clarke, Steven, and William Bettin. Iodine Disinfection in the Use of Individual Water Purification Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453960.

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Clarke, Steven, and William Bettin. Ultraviolet Light Disinfection in the Use of Individual Water Purification Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453967.

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Clarke, Steven, and William Bettin. Chlorine Dioxide Disinfection in the Use of Individual Water Purification Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453968.

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Clarke, Steven, and William Bettin. Electrochemically Generated Oxidant Disinfection in the Use of Individual Water Purification Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453956.

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Selleck, R. E., Z. Ungun, G. Chesler, V. Diyamandoglu, B. Marinas, and J. I. Daniels. Evaluation of military field-water quality: Volume 8, Performance of mobile water-purification unit (MWPU) and pretreatment components of the 600-GPH reverse osmosis water purification unit (ROWPU), and consideration of reverse osmosis (RO) bypass, potable-water disinfection, and water-quality analysis techniques. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6702447.

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