Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Water preparation'
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Inam, Deniz. "Organoclay Preparation For Anionic Contaminant Removal From Water." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606674/index.pdf.
Full text#8216
organoclay&
#8217
, can be used to remove hydrophobic organic and anionic contaminants from polluted water. Among the anionic contaminants, oxyanions such as nitrate, chromate are detrimental to human life and environment even at µ
g/L- mg/L levels. Application of organoclays for their removal from polluted water appears as one of the practical and rather cheap solution. In this study, a local clay from Ankara-Kalecik (Hanç
ili Bentonite) was modified by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) to a level of twice of its cation exchange capacity. This process alters the negatively charged surface of the clay into a positively charged one, providing sites for the removal of anionic contaminants. In this study, the degree of HDTMA+ uptake by the clay within a period of eight hours is found to be 97% of the initial amount added. In desorption studies it was revealed that only about 1% of the sorbed HTDMA+ was leached in a seven days of water-organoclay interaction revealing a rather stable organoclay structure in aqeous media. Sorption experiments with nitrate, borate, and chromate solutions were performed in order to determine the anion sorption capacity of the organoclays prepared. It turns out that while untreated clay has insignificant capacity, the modified clay can remove considerable amount of nitrate and chromate ions from aqeous solutions. While the nitrate sorption was increased about eleven fold, change in chromate sorption was reached to a level of twenty fold compared to that of the untreated clay. Sorption data for nitrate and chromate are both well described by the Langmuir isotherms. No significant change was observed in case of borate-organoclay interaction. Desorption of nitrate and chromate ions from organoclay surface were also investigated. Sorption of these oxyanions were found to be almost irreversible in aqeous media. The results imply that a properly prepared organoclay can be used for the removal of oxyanions, such as nitrate and chromate from polluted water systems.
Kittivoravitkul, Sasitorn. "Preparation, characterisation and in vivo evaluation of DHEA protein conjugates." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250667.
Full textNyamukamba, Pardon. "Preparation of photocatalytic TiO₂ nanoparticles immobilized on carbon nanofibres for water purification." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/367.
Full textCOTRIM, MARYCEL E. B. "Avaliação da qualidade da água na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Ribeira de Iguape com vistas ao abastecimento público." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2006. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11568.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Stoiljković, Aleksandar. "Preparation of water-insoluble fibers from aqueous colloidal dispersions by electrospinning /." Marburg : Görich & Weiershäuser, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016452800&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textBunn, Barbara B. "Studies on the preparation and characterization of novel water-soluble catalysts." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-170743/.
Full textSethi, J. (Jatin). "Cellulose nanopapers with improved preparation time, mechanical properties, and water resistance." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526221540.
Full textTiivistelmä Selluloosapohjaiset nanopaperit ovat lujimpia tunnettuja polymeerimateriaaleja ja lähitulevaisuudessa niiden voidaan odottaa luovan perustan useille funktionaalisille materiaaleille. Nanopaperit ovat saaneet paljon huomiota ympäristöystävällisyytensä, uusiutuvan raaka-aineensa ja biohajoavuutensa ansiosta. Lisäksi niiden valmistusprosessi on vesipohjainen ja samankaltainen kuin tavallisen paperin valmistukseen käytetty teollinen prosessi. Käyttöominaisuuksiltaan ne ovat erinomaisia, sillä vaikka niiden sitkeys on parempi kuin tunnetuilla muoveilla, ovat ne silti paperin tavoin taiteltavia. Kiehtovista ominaisuuksistaan huolimatta selluloosapohjaiset nanopaperit ovat kuitenkin vielä kaukana kaupallistamisesta ja tähän vaikuttavat pääosin kaksi tekijää. Tärkein syy on selluloosananokuitujen kuivattamisen ja näin ollen nanopaperin muodostamisen vaatima huomattavan pitkä aika. Nykyisillä menetelmillä nanopaperin valmistaminen kestää useita tunteja. Toinen syy on niiden erittäin huono veden- ja kosteudenkestävyys. Ne menettävät jopa 90 % jäykkyydestään veden vaikutuksesta, mikä rajoittaa niiden käyttöä kosteissa ja vesiroiskeille alttiissa kohteissa. Tämän väitöskirjatutkimuksen päätavoitteena on löytää ekologisesti kestävä ja teollisuudessa hyödynnettävissä oleva menetelmä molempien edellä mainittujen ongelmien ratkaisemiseksi. Työssä noudatetaan kahta eri lähestymistapaa: lisätään selluloosananokuitujen hydrofobisuutta maitohapon ja ultrasonikoinnin avulla (Artikkelit I ja II), ja yhdistetään selluloosananokuituihin hydrofobisia materiaaleja, kuten polyuretaania (PU) (Artikkeli III) ja ligniinipitoisia yhdisteitä (Artikkeli IV). Näitä menetelmiä käyttämällä valmistusaikaa saatiin lyhennettyä 75 % (Artikkeli II) ja 70 % (Artikkeli IV). Kaikki valmistetut nanopaperit olivat huomattavasti veden- ja kosteudenkestävämpiä kuin verrokkinäytteet sekä osoittivat lämpöstabiiliutta. Lisäksi mekaanisia ominaisuuksia saatiin parannettua Artikkeleissa I ja IV. Tässä työssä käsitellään myös nopean kuivattamisen tärkeyttä selluloosananokuitulujitteisten paperituotteiden valmistuksessa. Saadut tulokset todennäköisesti edistävät selluloosapohjaisten nanopaperien kaupallistamista ja selluloosananokuitujen hyödyntämistä esimerkiksi kartongin lujitemateriaalina. Kaikki työssä käytetyt menetelmät ovat vesipohjaisia
Sajadi, Bami Fautemeh. "Water Scarcity in the Face of Hurricanes: Improving the Resilience of Potable Water Supplies in Selected Florida Counties." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7923.
Full textLiu, Ta-Kang. "Improvement in polymeric iron chloride (PICI) preparation for coagulation processes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32871.
Full textPaul, Seema. "Data preparation, hydrodynamic and contaminant transport shallow-water simulations of Lake Victoria." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Vatten- och miljöteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263593.
Full textDenna studie undersöker med numerisk metodik hydrodynamiska processer i den mycket grundaVictoriasjön och hur de påverkas av extrem väderlek, inflöden, och nederbörd. Victoriasjön är denandra största sötvattensjön i världen, och den största i Afrika. Den är färskvattenförråd och källa förhushåll, jordbruk, industri, fiske och transporter. Resurserna ger livsuppehåll och ekosystemtjänsterför mer än 40 miljoner människor. Sjön är utsatt för allvarliga föroreningar som försämrarvattenkvaliteten. Detta arbete avser att förbättra förståelsen genom att följa rekommendationer somgivits ut av Lake Victoria Environment Management Project (LVEMP), och Lake Victoria BasinCommissions (LVBC) rapporter om strategi för anpassning till klimatförändringar, åtgärdsplan2018-2023 och översiktsplan 2015-2020. Rapporterna föreslår detaljerad genomgång avdjupkartor, modellering av strömning i sjön i syfte att identifiera extrema väderhändelser,undersöka vattencirkulationen, och studera föroreningarna nära stränder. En hydrodynamisknumerisk modell har byggts i simuleringspaketet COMSOL Multiphysics (CM) för uppskattning avströmning och vattenutbyte från förorenade inflöden. Arbetet innefattade utveckling av metoder förvattendjups-modeller för hydrodynamiska studier. Simuleringsmodellen drivs avhydrometeorologiska data och används för vattenmängds-balans, cirkulation ochföroreningstransport.Artikel 1 skapar vattendjupskartan från flera data-mängder med olika metoder. En vertikaltintegrerad modell med fri yta implementerades i CM. Modellen ger vertikalt medelvärdesbildadehastigheter drivna av flodinflöden, utflöde, nederbörd och avdunstning. Modellen representerarvattenbalansen exakt och ger variationer i vattennivå i rimlig överensstämmelse med mätningar.Resultaten antyder att modellen är nära linjär och tids-invariant. En utflödesmodell ansatt somlinjär i vatten-nivån kan anpassas noggrant till historiska data. Bättre realism kan uppnås omvindens pådrivande verkan inkluderas.Artikel 2 går igenom de hydro-meteorologiska processer och extrema väder-händelser som ändrarvattenbalans, strömningsmönster och transport. Vi har jämfört data över femtio år med modellens,inkluderande vattennivå, källor för osäkerhet i data, korrelationer, år med extrema regn ochinflöden, och årstidsvariationer. Resultaten tyder på att nederbörden varierar kraftigt medårstiderna, och signifikanta korrelationer ses mellan nederbörd och inflöden, och mellan utflöde ochvattennivå.Transport av lösliga föroreningar illustrerades genom spårning av vatten från de olika inflödena.Spårämnestransport med vertikalt medelvärdesbildade hastigheter är mycket långsam.Strömningen ökar något i våta årstider och är snabbare i den grunda zonen i Kenya än i de djuparedelarna i Uganda och Tanzania. Det största inflödet som kommer från Kagera tycks ha stor inverkanpå transporten.
QC 20191106
Nyamukamba, Pardon. "Preparation and application of plasmon metal enhanced titanium dioxide photocatalyst for the removal of organics in water." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2765.
Full textOTOMO, JULIANA I. "Desenvolvimento e validacao de metodologia analitica para determinacao de hormonios, considerados disruptores endocrinos, nas aguas destinadas ao abastecimento publico na regiao do Rio Paraiba do Sul, SP." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9599.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Fabbri, Alessandro. "Preparation and Characterization of Polymeric Beads and Membranes for Boron Removal From Water." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20671/.
Full textJaafar, Maisarah. "Trace elements in natural water : the impact on quality, food preparation and production." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/846339/.
Full textBarkhuizen, David Andrew. "Preparation and water-gas shift performance of zinc oxide supported dispersed gold catalysts." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22065.
Full textTwo deposition-precipitation style methods of preparing zinc oxide supported dispersed gold materials for use as water-gas shift catalysts were examined, with some of the better formulated materials being tested for catalytic activity, and compared to World Gold Council Au/TiO₂ reference material and a commercial copper-based WGS catalyst (Cu/ZnO/AlO₃ - C 18-7 from Sud-Chemie). Materials Synthesis: The classical deposition-precipitation synthesis from the group of Haruta (Tsubota et al., 1995) - where the support is added to a pH adjusted solution of HAuCl₄ and the system aged at constant pH and temperature - was examined, using ZnO as the support. Gold uptake by the support was confirmed to decrease with ageing pH, tending to zero as the IEPS of ZnO (~ 9) is approached. Such behaviour is both qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with theory, which proposes that the magnitude and polarity of the charge on the support surface will determine the effective carrying capacity of that surface for an (an)ionic solution phase gold species. Decreasing post-calcination (120°C) gold crystallite size with increasing ageing pH [as reported by Haruta (1997)] was also observed (figure 11.2) - but it is not clear whether this resulted from pH dependent crystallization dynamics, from crystallite size being simply determined by the amount of deposited gold (which clearly decreases with increasing pH), or from chloride induced sintering during heat treatment (with chloride uptake by the support decreasing with increasing pH [Kung et al., 2003)). Nevertheless, gold deposition at pH 8 produced highly dispersed gold crystallites around 3.5 nm in diameter. It emerged that an inherent trade-off exists with this, the classical depositionprecipitation method, in that acidic ageing pH promotes a high degree of gold uptake by the support, but produces large gold crystallites, and vice versa. To overcome this, a modified method - where HAuCI₄ and the base (ammonium carbonate) were simultaneously added dropwise to a slurry of the support, maintaining a constant pH of 8 (Fu et al., 2003b) - was investigated. This method was attractive because it is claimed to simultaneously achieve total gold uptake and post-calcination Au crystallite size in the range 5 - 6 nm. Since it was not clear from the published description whether a constant pH was maintained across the ageing period (practiced here as MDP1 ), or if the pH was rather allowed to drift (practiced here as MDP2), both alternatives were investigated. When a constant pH was maintained across the ageing period (MDP1 ), gold uptake by the support was found to reach a maximum (of ~ 60 %) when operating at a pH of ~ 8. The degree of gold uptake was found to be independent of both gold loading and support surface area. Furthermore, the degree of gold uptake achieved using this variation was increased to unity by allowing the pH to drift during the ageing period (after being initially held constant at 8 during HAuCI₄ addition) [= MDP2], instead of being maintained at a constant value via addition of nitric acid (as is done in MDP1). In terms of the size of the gold crystallites produced, after calcination in air at 400°C, a mean diameter of 3.8 ± 1.5 nm was observed for a sample 1.9 wt % in Au, increasing slightly with increasing gold loading [to 4.6 ± 1. 7 nm by 5.1 wt %Au].
Ran, Rong. "Preparation and Optimization of Novel Visible-Light-Active Photocatalysts for Waste-Water Treatment." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34152.
Full textVIVEIROS, WILLIAM. "Chironomus sancticaroli: do cultivo em laboratório ao ensaio ecotoxicológico com amostras ambientais de sedimento." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2012. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9935.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Fleming, Robert LeSueur. "Effects of site preparation in interior plateau clearcuts on the soil water regime and the water relations of conifer seedlings." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41652.
Full textLand and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
Ffolliott, Peter F. "Preparation of TMDL Plans: Estimating Concentrations of Non-Point Source Pollutants to Water Bodies." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296573.
Full textNewton, Nichola. "Preparation and properties of granular ferric hydroxide as an adsorbent in potable water treatment." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7866.
Full textQu, Haiou. "Surface Functionalized Water-Dispersible Magnetite Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization and the Studies of Their Bioapplications." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1536.
Full textBRITO, CARLOS F. de. "Avaliação dos efeitos da construção do rodoanel na qualidade da água e sedimento da Represa do Parque Pedroso, Santo André, SP. Estudo geoquímico de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) metais e elementos traço com vistas ao abastecimento público." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2014. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11806.
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Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
OTOMO, JULIANA I. "Contribuição antrópica na qualidade das águas da represa do Guarapiranga. Um estudo sobre interferentes endócrinos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2015. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23821.
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Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Bildiren, Mert. "Preparation Of Clay-polymer Nanocomposite For The Retardation Of Waste Water Infiltration In Landfill Sites." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608872/index.pdf.
Full textili (Kalecik-Ankara) bentonite deposit which belongs to the Hancili Formation of Early Pliocene age. B3 is a standard Wyoming (SWy-1) white bentonite and belongs to the Newcastle formation of Cretaceous age. Their cation exchange and swelling capacity values were determined and the values increase from B1, B2 to B3. In order to produce clay-polymer nanocomposites, firstly organoclays were produced in bentonite samples. Claypolymer nanocomposite production was achieved by in situ intercalative polymerization successfully with intercalation and partly exfoliation of clay minerals with polyacrylamide (PAM). The samples of sand (S1), sand+bentonite (S2) and sand+nanocomposite (S3) mixtures were prepared and their permeability was determined. As a result of these values, the permeability of samples decrease from S1, S2 to S3. The results imply that the permeability of sample decreases as the claypolymer nanocomposite content increases resulting in a retardation of water penetration throughout the sample. The product has a potential to be used as a retardant for waste water infiltration in landfill sites.
Yang, Chih-Hsiang, and 楊智翔. "Hydrothermal Preparation of InVO4 Catalysts for Water Splitting." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73720776627541430500.
Full text國立中興大學
化學工程學系所
102
Hydrogen is one of the green energy. It is clean and contain high energy (285.8J/mol). The photocatalysis is a potential method to produce hydrogen. In this study, InVO4 was chosen as a photocatalysts to split the water into hydrogen. By controlling the preparation conditions for the synthesis InVO4 to identify the surface structures、crystalline phases and the efficiency for the water splitting. Hydrothermal method has been used to synthesize InVO4 catalysts. The control parameters of hydrothermal synthesis include In/V ratio of 2:1、1:1、1:2; hydrothermal time of 1hr、2hr、4hr、8hr; pH value of 3、5、7、9 and hydrothermal temperature of 160°C、180°C、200°C、220°C. The InVO4 catalysts were characterized by FE-SEM、TEM、XRD、BET、FT-IR、and GC for analyzed the water splitting efficiency. When the starting material of In3+ is relatively higher in concentration, the SEM images of crystalline particle size is about 100 nm, but there have In(OH)3 residues present for in XRD and FT-IR analysis. In addition, the crystalline structure of InVO4 could be incomplete when there is only 1hr hydrothermal treatment. There is a better hydrogen production of 102.7μmole/g‧cat when the hydrothermal treatment time increase to 4hr and the ratio of In:V=1:2. The pH value also affects the InVO4 catalysts preparation. In strong acid environment, there is a large amount of by-products (NH4)2V6O16 form. In alkaline environment, however, there is a large amount of residues In(OH)3. As the result, the optimum conditions to synthesis InVO4 are at the ratio of In:V=1:2, pH5 and hydrothermal temperature and treatment time are 200°C for 4hr. The cumulative concentration of hydrogen after 4hr water splitting reaction is 113.9μmole/g‧cat .
WANG, NAN-KAI, and 王南凱. "Preparation And Application of Water-soluble Polymer Grafted Polyaniline." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85uj75.
Full text南臺科技大學
化學工程與材枓工程系
107
Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) has the advantages of easy synthesis, safe and low toxicity, low cost, convenient use…etc. It is a widely used water-soluble polymer. Polyaniline (PANI) has a considerable potential for application because of its low monomer cost, easy synthesis, good stability to air and moisture, and easy regulation of its conductivity. The research plan is mainly to combine the biocompatibility of water-soluble polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with the conductive properties of polyaniline (PANI) to prepare PVA grafted polyaniline conductive copolymer (PVA-g-PANI). In order to allow the product to have self-doping function, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) was graft polymerized onto the PVA molecular chain to prepare PVA-g-PAMPS by using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator firstly. Then, aniline (AN) monomers were graft-polymerized onto the PVA-g-PAMPS molecular chain in a PVA-g-PAMPS aqueous solution to form the conductive PVA-g-PAMPS-g-PANI. Because AMPS has sulfonic acid group, it can be used as proton acid dopant of polyaniline. Under the appropriate synthesis reaction conditions, the final product PVA-g-PAMPS-g-PANI has self-doping ability, and its conductivity is about 1.05x10-2 S/cm , it has good hydrophilicity and can be applied to humidity sensors. It can also be made into a conductive gel to increase its application potential.
Lin, Shu-Chi, and 林淑淇. "Water Soluble Curcumin Preparation Via Electrospinning and Flash Nanoprecipitation." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60658881959157887425.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
104
Curcumin is a natural occurring phenolic substance, which has wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial and anticancer properties. However, its limited aqueous solubility restricts its bioavailability. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is known as a biocompatible and highly water soluble polymer. Solid dispersion of curcumin in electrospun PVP (CUR-PVP) fibrous mat was prepared to increase its solubility and dissolution rate in aqueous solution. Physical characterizations of CUR-PVP by FE-SEM, FTIR-ATR, and XRD were carried out. The average diameter of CUR-PVP fiber in the mat is about 1μm. CUR-PVP can be easily dissolved in water with significantly improve curcumin solubility from 0.39±0.05μg/mL to 491.86±31.27μg/mL. The enhanced solubility is mainly due to the stable chemical complex interaction between curcumin and PVP. CUR-PVP not only can increase DPPH free radical scavenging activity as well as antioxidant activity measured by CUPRAC assay and ferric thiocyanate method but also curcumin photochemical stability. Curcumin encapsulated in acetylated starch (Cur@AS) nanoparticles of 47-58 nm in diameter was also prepared by flash nanoprecipitation to increase the solubility of curcumin. The highest production yield of Cur@AS was 92.9% with curcumin loading capability of 8.19% and curcumin loading encapsulation efficiency of 71.0%. Cur@AS nanoparticles not only can increase curcumin solubility but also increase its antioxidant activity and photochemical stability.
Liu, Chia-Lin, and 劉嘉麟. "Preparation and surface activity of water-soluble PAE-DCDA surfactants." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43538782837645714363.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
高分子工程系
91
A series of surfactants have been synthesized by the reaction of Epichlorohydrin、Tetraethylenepentamine、Dicyandiamide、Adipic acid、Suberic acid、Sebacic acid、Terephthalic acid and Maleic acid. There are multi-cationic groups containing in the structure of surfactants. 1H-NMR, FTMR and element analysis have been used to confirm the structure of these compounds. There surfactants have been found to exhibit excellent surface active properties including low foaming reducing pH buffer capacity, metallic ions dispersancy capacity. Their surfactants also have been found to improve the abilities in direct dye-cotton dyeing system.
李榮瑞. "Preparation and surface activity of water-soluble cationic amine resins." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02026859925990772576.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
高分子工程系
91
A series of surfactants have been synthesized by the reaction of diethylenetriamine、triethylenetetramine、tetraethylenepentamine、epichloryhydrin and dicyandiamide . 1H-NMR、FTIR and element analysis have been used to confirm structure of these compounds. These surfactants have been found to exhibit excellent surface active properties including reducing surface tension、pH buffer capacity、wetting power. These surfactants also have been found to improve the dyeability in direct dye-cotton dyeing system.
邱之凱. "Preparation and surface activity of water-soluble polyamide epichlorohydrin resins." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52994890949502602792.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
纖維及高分子工程系
90
Abstract A series of surfactants have been synthesized by the reaction of adipic-acid 、diethylenetriamine、triethylenetetramine 、tetraethlyene-pentamin and epichlorohydrin. There are multi-cationic groups containing in the structure of surfactants. 1H-NMR、FTIR and element analysis have been used to confirm the structure of these compounds. These surfactants have been found to exhibit excellent surface active properties including low foaming reducing pH buffer capacity、metallic ions dispersancy capacity. These surfactants also have been found to improve the abilities in direct dye-cotton dyeing system. Key word: surfactant、surface activity
Wu, Chang-Lin, and 吳昌霖. "Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Supercritical Water and Alcohols." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62405378208582640890.
Full text義守大學
生物技術與化學工程研究所碩士班
95
In this study, nano-δ-alumina is obtained by continuous supercritical water hydrothermal synthesis. The obtained nanoparticles were analyzed by SEM and XRD. In stead of alumina, flaked-boehmite is obtained if the operating temperature is below 415°C. This study also precipitated nano copper oxide on carbon nanotube in the environment of alcothermal with copper nitrite as its precursor. After incineration, porous copper oxide is obtained. The porous copper oxide was analyzed by SEM to observe the change of its structure, and analyzed by ESCA to realize its oxidation state of copper. It is concluded that alcohols with low polarity can create environment that suites for the deposition of copper oxide on the surface of CNTs, and it also has poor ability to oxide the copper. It is also found that the solvent property can be changed by pressurized the liquid alcohols with CO2. The pressurized CO2 will dissolve into the liquid alcohol to reduce its polarity and to enhance the deposition. This study has successfully extended the potential applications of continuous supercritical water hydrothermal synthesis. Also, this study has explicated the effect of solvent properties on the deposition of nanoparticle on CNTs by alcothermal sysnthsis. This will provide versatile possibilities for the future studies related to hydrothermal and alcothermal synthesis.
章詩偉. "Preparation and surface activity of water-soluble polymeric phenolic surfactants." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68396069523499547047.
Full textNguyen, Thanh-Binh, and 阮青平. "Preparation of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Supported Nanocomposites for Water Purification." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nkef26.
Full text國立清華大學
生醫工程與環境科學系
106
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a promising material for photocatalytic applications such as solar fuels production through CO2 reduction and water splitting, and environmental treatment through the degradation of organic pollutants. This promise reflects the advantageous photophysical properties of g-C3N4 nanostructures, notably high surface area, quantum efficiency, interfacial charge separation and transport, and ease of modification through either composite formation or the incorporation of desirable surface functionalities. For heterogeneous catalytic processes, organic compounds and metal derivatives could bind or intercalate into the matrix of g-C3N4 through the surface anchoring sites to improve the catalytic reaction rate, and thus broaden the catalytic application of g-C3N4 toward organic decomposition. The unique architecture of g-C3N4 and the outstanding catalytic performance of Au nanoparticles provide a great impetus to use g-C3N4 as a promising support to judiciously decorate Au NPs for the formation of highly active and green heterogeneous catalyst. Therefore, this thesis focuses on developing novel g-C3N4-based-nanomaterirals modifying with TiO2/ZnFe2O4, which can offer further performance enhancements in photo-electrocatalytic activity for organic pollutant removal. The 1 wt% ZnFe2O4-TiO2 nanocomposites exhibit the excellent recycling and reusable ability and can retain the stable photocatalytic activity toward Bisphenol A (BPA) photodegradation for at least 10 cycles of reaction with rate constants of 0.191 – 0.218 min-1 under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation rate of BPA by ZnFe2O4-TiO2 (which was highly dependent on the water chemistry including pH, anions, and humic acid) was 20.8−21.4 times higher than that of commercial TiO2 photocatalysts. The visible-light-driven degradation of tetracycline (TE) is enhanced remarkably by the ZnFe2O4/TiO2/g-C3N4 photocathode due to the more efficient light absorption and photogenerated charge separation. By applying photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) process, the degradation rate constant of TE is increased by 48 and 24 times as much as that of photocatalytic (PC) and electrocatalytic (EC), respectively. Results clearly demonstrate the superior visible-light-driven photoactivity of g-C3N4-based-photocatalysts toward organic pollutants degradation and can open an avenue to industrial application in the future with a wide variety of potential application in the fields of photocatalysis, water splitting and energy conversion. Moreover, a photochemical green synthesis using thermal exfoliation process is developed to fabricate Au@graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanocomposite, highly recyclable and reusable, for the catalytic reduction of nitrophenols by NaBH4. The rate constant of 4-nitrophenol reduction over Au@g-C3N4 (2 wt%) is 26.4 times that of pure Au NP in the presence of 7 mM of NaBH4 at pH 5. Besides, I have demonstrated a simple and facile synthesis method for the fabrication of Au@meso-carbon nitride (meso-CN) nanocomposite with various Au loadings for highly recyclable reduction of nitrophenols. The integration of high surface area, regular mesopores, graphitic nature of the meso-CN support as well as highly dispersed and spatially imbedded Au NPs on the Au@meso-CN composites make them excellent as catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. The kobs for 4-nitrophenol reduction over 2 wt% Au@ meso-CN nanocatalysts can be up to 3.558 min-1 in the presence of NaBH4. In both cases of using graphitic carbon nitride supported Au nanocomposites for nitrophenol reduction, The detection of H radical adducts by EPR indicates that Au NPs adsorbs BH4- ions and forms Au-H species and subsequent electron transferfrom the Au-H species to nitrophenols. Results clearly demonstrate that Au@carbon-nitride nanocomposites are promising green catalysts of great application potential for nitroaromatic reduction, which can provide a new venue for tailoring Au-based nanomaterials in elucidation of a wide variety of heterogeneous catalytic reactions in water and wastewater treatment
LU, FEN-CHIN, and 呂芬津. "Discussion on Preparation of water-based nail polish by polymers." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9295hq.
Full text嘉南藥理大學
化粧品應用與管理系
107
The art of fingertip is popular all over the world, and the innovation of nail products has became safer and more convenient. The quality of nail polish is closely related to its rheological properties. Appropriate rheological properties improve the coloration of the nail polish and ease of application. In recent years, the harm of solvent in nail polish has been reported in an endless stream, which has attracted attention to the non-toxic and non-irritating water-based nail polish attract attention. Currently, the commercially available water-based nail polish mostly uses polyacrylic acid as the main film-forming agent. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is also a film-forming agent which widely used in cosmetics, but it has not been applied to nail products. Therefore, this study uses safe raw materials, PVP and its copolymers as film-forming agents, without using organic solvents that is harmful to the human. The properties of each sample were evaluated by the rheometer to test thixotropy, strain sweep, and frequency sweep, etc. The experimental results show as following: 1. Appropriately adding PVP K30 can increase thixotropy, but alone cannot stabilize the water-based nail polish formula. 2. Increasing the amount of PVP/VA can extend the LVE range and improve the stability of the nail polish, but the threshold value has been demonstrated. Extensive adding will reduce the thixotropic and viscosity. 3. A small amount of PVP K90 can improve the final product stability and thixotropy. 4. PVP/DMAPA can evenly disperse the pigment, but there is no significant improvement in thixotropic and stability properties. 5. The formulation using PVP or PVP/VA as a film former can increase the drying speed of nail polish, whereas PVP/DMAPA will increase the film drying time. 6. PVP formula should use only in powder pigment, and the PVP/DMAPA is more suitable for water-soluble dyestuff.
Chen, Jhih-Cheng, and 陳志城. "Preparation and Properties of the High Water-uptake Bacterial Cellulose." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58282456718926010822.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
高分子系
98
The high water–uptake bacterial cellulose (BC) was prepared by grafting the BC with grafting agent such as MPEG-O-(C=O)-CH2CH2- COCl (MPEG-COCl) at the basic condition to maintain or increase the internal pore structure of the BC. The originally compact packed chain in BC was broken via grafting reaction, leading to the enhancement of the movability and the hydrophile of the modified BC─BC-g-MPEG. The BC-g-MPEG thus formed could increase water-uptake after dipping in the water. The modified BC were characterized by different techniques, namely FT-IR, SEM, X-ray, water sorption assays (equilibrium water content, EWC and water retention value, WRV ) and tensile tests.
Li, Jhih Ren, and 李智仁. "Preparation and characterization of high-water-content hyaluronic acid hydrogel." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26402969698027606690.
Full text長庚大學
生化與生醫工程研究所
96
The physiological properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) makes it a promising material for a variety of application. However, in the dissolved state, pure HA is hinder by the short residence time and lack of mechanical properties. To improve the degradation rate, poor mechanical properties and clearance, chemical modifications or cross-linked to form hydrogel or matrix are required when it is designed to be applied. As reported in most of literatures, HA was chemically crosslinked with EDC or GA to produce lower water content matrix (around 60%) that resulted in loss the intrinsic high hydration character of HA. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a new crosslinked process which is not only maintain the high water content ability of HA, but also could enhance the biostability and mechanical property. Our results shown water content of HA hydrogel is higher than 95% and remarkably lower mass loss compared with unreacted HA by thermogravimetrec measurement. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity test showed that there was not any relative toxic effect of the HA hydrogel. A body weight of 200g guinea pig model was used to investigated the tissue effect and biodegradation rate of HA hydrogel. In this model, HA hydrogel crosslinked with polyethyl glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) performed similar effect compared with commercial product after 6 months of implantation.
YU, LEE-YA, and 尤麗雅. "Preparation and application of water soluble chitosan incorporated ceramide microcapsule." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34992394553528104754.
Full text樹德科技大學
應用設計研究所
94
This study uses water-soluble chitosan as the primary material explored, ceramide as the nuclei covering material for the micro capsules, and conducts ion cross-linking in a 0.5% concentration tripolyphosphate solution. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) testing was conducted on the material’s physical and chemical properties, as well as conduct bonding analysis on the materials. Experiment shows that with cross-linking of tripolyphosphate, glutaradehyde, and genipin, the stability of micro capsules significantly increased. Further, scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe surface structural changes of the base material, which clearly revealed differences of cross-linkers and differences between surface conditions. Bacterial suppression tests confirm that micro balls of chitosan maintain their antibacterial activity. In this study, antibacterial assessment not only tests the antibacterial activity of chitosan, but also used JIS L 1902’s fiber products antibacterial and bacterial resistance as benchmarks, to conduct quantitative tests in sample antibacterial ability and bacterial resistance. In antibacterial activity testing for chitosan, it was found that chitosan has antibacterial and bacterial resistance effects toward Staphylococcus aureaus and Candida albicans. Sample testing discovered that the antibacterial activity value of samples is greater than the standard value of JIS L 1902 testing, and the antibacterial activity values are also greater than standard values; this reveals that the fixed chitosan maintains its antibacterial and bacterial resistant abilities.
邱源炎. "Preparation and surface activities of water soluble phenol-naphtholic copolymer." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22779519658618160170.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
纖維及高分子工程技術研究所
83
A series of anionic water-solube polymeric surfactants has been prepared by the reaction of phenol, P-tert-methyl henol, ptert-butly phenol, sodium 1-naphthol 5-sulfonate and Sodium monochloroacetate. 1H-NMR、 FT-IR and element analysis have been used to confirm the structure of there compounds. These water-solube polymeric surfactants not only have its own characteristic (eg.resistence to alkali) but also have been found to exhibit excellent surface active properties including low-foaming、pH buffer capacity、wetting power、metallic ions dispersancy and chelating capacity. These surfactants have been found ot exhibit the retardering abilities in acid dye-nylon dyeing system.
CHEN, AN-ZHONG, and 陳安中. "Preparation and characterization of water-soluble and crosslinkable cellulose acrylate." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57893295596259347193.
Full textBuanz, A. B. M., Richard Telford, Ian J. Scowen, and S. Gaisford. "Rapid preparation of pharmaceutical co-crystals with thermal ink-jet printing." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8541.
Full textThermal ink-jet printing (TIJP) is shown to be a rapid (minutes) method with which to prepare pharmaceutical co-crystals; co-crystals were identified in all cases where the co-formers could be dissolved in water and/or water/ethanol solutions.
Beydoun, Donia. "Development of a novel magnetic photocatalyst : preparation, characterisation and implication for organic degradation in aqueous systems /." 2000. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20041011.104359/index.html.
Full textLin, Yie-Hsean, and 林業祥. "Preparation and Hemocompatibilty of Water-Soluble Chitosan Co-ionic Complex Beads." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10076634442976877618.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
高分子工程系
92
Co-ionic complex beads were prepared by precipitating chitosan using tripolyphosphate (TPP) and dextran sulfate (DS). Water-soluble chitosan (WSC) of two molecular masses (99 and 181 kD) and common chitosan (CS) were employed in this study. These beads were characterized using elemental analysis (EA), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The swelling kinetics and the distribution coefficients of three compounds were also measured. The hemocompatibility was evaluated based on the protein adsorption, platelet adsorption, activated partial thrombin time (APTT), and prothrombin time (PT). The results showed that beads made from WSC exhibited higher swelling ratio (SR) than from CS. The SR increased with the DS content and depended on the pH. Beads made from WSC also exhibited lower cytotoxicity than beads from CS. The biodegrading rate by lysozyme of WSC beads was faster than that of CS beads. In addition, WSC/TPP/DS beads exhibited less protein and platelet adsorption, and longer APTT and PT. These results indicated that the addition of DS could endow WSC and CS beads with anti-coagulating ability.
Yu, Chia-Chang, and 余家漳. "Study on the Preparation and stability of water soluble Curcumin complex." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23758552209363759179.
Full text國立高雄應用科技大學
化學工程與材料工程系
99
Curcuma Longa L. is used as a kind of medicine. Curcuminoids, the main component of Curcuma, is useful to antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer.This study firstly extracted curcuminoids from curcuma roots under alkaline conditions. And control the pH value of the solution to 5. Curcuminoids were dissolved in soybean oil from the solution. After alkaline was added, curcuminoids would dissolved in the water, and control the pH value of the solution to 5 again. Curcuminoids were examined by FTIR and HPLC. The yield of curcuminoids was 2.1%. The curcuminoids are easy to be destroyed by environmental factors. The polymer and cyclodextrin were used as a stabilizer to increase resistance of the discoloration. The water-soluble complexes were prepared with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), and cyclodextrin (CD) to improve the stability and water solubility of oil-soluble curcuminoids. The polymers or cyclodextrin were dissolved in water. The solution of oil-soluble curcuminoids dissolved in ethanol was added to the aqueous polymer solution. The water-soluble paprika complexes can be obtained after ethanol was evaporated. From the color destruction of sun light, heat, and pH stability tests of the four complexes which were examined by UV/Vis and FTIR, the CMC curcuminoids complex shows a much better result than the others. The rate of color destruction for CMC curcuminoids complex was a first order kinetics in the sun light and heating conditions.
吳永志. "Synthesis of water-soluble chitosan derivatives and preparation of their hydrogels." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92815223086616937574.
Full textChen, Yueh-Fang, and 陳悅芳. "Preparation of Semiconductor Photocatalyst and its Application for Water Splitting Reaction." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37563146459866966696.
Full text國立中央大學
化學工程與材料工程研究所
93
Develop a photocatalyst system for solar energy conversion to electric energy or chemical energy is a topic of great interest for fundamental and practical importance. In this study, photocatalytic activities of InVO4, InTaO4, InNbO4, In6WO12, K4Nb6O17 catalysts for water splitting under visible light irradiation were investigated. Photocatalytic activities of NaTaO3 catalysts for water splitting were studied under UV light irradiation. The effect of different preparation parameters, such as type of cocatalyst and amount of NiO loading, doping metal and pretreatment process on the photocatalysis reaction was investigated. The photocatalysts was synthesized by solid-state reaction method using metal oxide as the starting materials. The catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic reaction was carried out in a Pyrex reactor with a 500 W halogen light as visible light source and 400 W high pressure mercury lamp as UV light source. All of the catalysts were fully crystallized. SEM results In6WO12 catalysts had the smallest particle size were ca. 1~2 μm. In addition, many pin-holes appeared on InVO4 particles, after loading NiO, CoOx and RuOx. The band gap of InVO4, InTaO4, InNbO4, In6WO12, K4NB6O17 and NaTaO3 were 1.8 eV, 2.7 eV, 2.6 eV, 2.6 eV, 3.0 eV and 3.3 eV, respectively, showing that these catalysts had ability to split water into H2 and O2. For InVO4 catalyst, NiO was the best cocatalyst for water splitting, which gave the highest activity (750 μmolh-1gcat.-1 for H2 evolution and 375 μmolh-1gcat.-1 for O2) when the loading was 0.3 wt%. The pretreatment method had a great effect on the activity of the catalyst. The NiO/InVO4 catalyst which was reduced at 500oC for 2 h and oxidized at ambient condition for 48 h gave the highest activity with a rate of 896μmolh-1gcat.-1. It demonstrated that the pretreatment process plays a key role in creating high catalytic performance for the NiO/InVO4 catalyst. For InTaO4 catalysts, we also have tested various metal oxides as the additive and NiO gave the highest activity. The yields of H2 and O2 on NiO-InTaO4 were 842 μmolh-1gcat.-1 and 420 μmolh-1gcat.-1, respectively. Similarly, NiO was found to be best catalyst on InNbO4 catalyst. However, the negative of reduction-oxidation treatment was observed on NiO/InTaO4 and NiO/InNbO4. For In6WO12 catalyst, RuO2 additive gave the highest activity. The pretreatment method had a little effect on the activity of the catalyst. The yields of H2 and O2 were 774 μmolh-1gcat.-1 and 365 μmolh-1gcat.-1, respectively. K4Nb6O17 is a very active catalyst. The yields of H2 and O2 were 839 μmolh-1g cat.-1 and 415 μmolh-1g cat.-1, respectively. Photocatalytic activities of La-NaTaO3 catalysts for water splitting were studied under UV light irradiation. The yields of H2 and O2 were 1476 μmolh-1gcat.-1 and 738 μmolh-1gcat.-1, respectively.
徐珠璽. "Preparation and haraterization of the Physiochemial Properties of Water Soluble Chitosan." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65279207188971283372.
Full text國立海洋大學
水產食品科學研究所
83
The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasonic and/or heat (60℃) process to obtain water soluble chitosan and the characterization of the physico-chemical properties of the obtained products. Chitin was isolated from red shrimp wastes. The yield and ash content were 25.7 and 1.5%, respectively. Chitosans of various degrees of deacetylation were produced by alkali deacetylation of chitin with 50% NaOH, under a ratio of 1:32 of chitin to alkali solution, and different temperatures (60, 100, 140℃) for 3 hours. Chitosans with degree of deacetylation (DD) 56, 74, 82% (colloid titration method), viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of 6.70×105, 1.01×105, 4.34×104 daltons were obtained. The chitosans obtained were soluble at a pH below 3. The DD of these chitosans changed to 49, 67, 74% after dialysis to remove acid. One percent of the above three chitosans in 10% acetic acid were subject to ultrasonic degradation at a ultrasonic intensity of 200W, for different reaction time (0, 1.5, 3, 6, 12 hours), and temperature (20, 40, 60℃) and with 4M urea. The DD of the resulting degraded products decreased as ultrasonic time increased at 60℃. However, the DD of resulting degraded products did not change when they were ultrasonified at 20 or 40℃. Effects of ultrasonic at 60℃ for various time (0, 1.5, 3, 6, 12h), with or without 4M urea on the physico-chemical properties of resulted products were studied. The results show: (1)The recovery of degraded products decreased as ultrasonic time increased. The recovey of degraded products which had ultrasonified with 4M urea were less than that of without 4M urea. The recovery was also lower of raw material of higher DD. (2)DD of degraded products decreased with increasing time of 60℃ heating or with increasing time of 60℃ heating and ultrasonic with 4M urea, whereas DD of degraded products that were reacted without 4M urea did not change with time. The higher the DD of chitosan used the faster the decrease in DD of degraded products. Difference between 60℃ treatment and 60℃ plus ultrasonic treatment was in significant. (3) Intrinsic viscosity of degraded products decreased with increasing DD of chitosan used. The intrinsic viscosity of degraded products obtained with 4M urea were higher than that without 4M urea during degradation. The intrinsic viscosities of degraded products were lower than the chitosan used in degradation processing. The decrease in intrinsic viscosity of degraded products by 60℃ heating and ultrasonic treatment were faster than that subjected to 60℃ heating alone. (4) The maximum melting temperature of degraded products prepared from higher DD chitosans were higher than that from lower DD chitosans. The maximum melting temperature of degraded products obtained from 49% DD chtiosan did not change regardless the addition of 4M urea or not. However, the maximum metling temperature of degraded products obtained from 67 or 74% DD chitosan decreased with increasing degradation time. The decrease rate in maximum melting temperature of degraded products obtained by 60℃ heating and ultrasonic were faster than that of 60℃ heat alone. (5)The resulted degraded products with DD ranged between 47~51% were soluble in water and mostly soluble in pH 7~9 solution. The above results indicated that water soluble chitosan can be prepared by homogeneous acetic acid treatment on 49% DD chitosan. Whereas for 67% or 74% DD chitosan water soluble chitosan can be prepared by 60℃ or 74% DD chitosan water soluble chitosan can be prepared by 60℃ heating or 60℃ heating plus ultrasonic treatment with 4M urea for 12 hr. The resulted water soluble chitosa have a DD of 47 to 53% and molecular weight of 45,000 to 639,000.
Ka, Jyun-Han, and 柯鈞瀚. "Preparation of Highly Water-Soluble and Specifically Tumor-Targeting Fe3O4 Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23572652054276926022.
Full text高雄醫學大學
醫藥暨應用化學研究所
97
In this study, we modify iron oxide with poly (acrylic acid) (PAA, MW=2K Da) in order to obtain a water-soluble iron oxide. Indeed, the superior water solubility is achieved after using PAA as a capping agent, the carboxylate groups of which partially bind to the iron nanocrystal surface and partially extend into the surrounding water. Then, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) is chelated by PAA, which is further conjugated with folic acid (FA) using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a spacer. The monodisperse, highly water-soluble, superparamagnetic, and biocompatible magnetite nanocrystals endow versatile biomedical applications. The cell viability of PAAIO in KB cells exhibits nontoxic. The cellular internalization of PAAIO-Rh and PAAIO-Rh-FA into KB cells is observed by flow-cytometric analysis and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The preliminary results demonstrate that PAAIO-Rh-FA have the ability to target folate receptor. In MR image, the signal of PAAIO-Rh-FA show significant decreased than the signal of PAAIO-Rh in high iron concentration.
LIN, CHIEN-LIANG, and 林建良. "Preparation of Poly(vinyidene fluoride) oil/water Separation membrane by electrospinning." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9y622d.
Full text國立高雄應用科技大學
化學工程與材料工程系碩士在職專班
105
In this study, polyvinylidene difluoride and N,N- Dimethylformamide were used to form 5 wt% of the electrospinning solution, and then the electrospinning fibers- and then using N-methylpyrrolidone solution wetting on the polyester fiber to produce oil-water separation composite film. Filtration of oil-water mixture, a simple filter device to filter to achieve the effect of oil and water separation, to explore the effect of oil and water separation. The useful uses three kinds of oil and water mixture, made of Sesame oil and water mixture, the production of oil and water mixture, the preparation of glycerol and water mixture, the oil and water mixture into a simple filter funnel; in the separation after the record. In the experiment, three kinds of oil-water mixture were prepared, which were mixed solution of sesame oil and water (sesame oil /H2O), mixed solution of oil and water (oil/H2O), and mixed solution of silicone oil and water (silicone oil/H2O. The oil-water mixture was poured into a simple filtration device. To explore the effect of composite membrane separation. The surface morphology of the polyester fiber woven fabric was observed with SEM, and the thermal cracking temperature of the woven fabric was determined by TGA test. The hydrophobicity of the composite membrane was obtained from the contact angle meter. From the experimental results, it was found that the polyvinylidene fluoride composite membrane filtered out oil from three kinds of oil and water mixture, oil/H2O is 51.3%, sesame oil/H2O is 59.9%, and silicone oil/H2O is 55%, respectively. Graphene composite membrane filtered out water from three kinds of oil and water mixture,, silicone oil/H2O is 93.9 %, oil/H2O is 84.8%, and sesame oil/H2O is 27.3%, respectively. Keywords: Polyvinylidene difluoride, N, N-Dimethylformamide, N-Methylpyrrolidone, oil-water separation, filtration, composite film, Graphene composite.
CHEN, MAN-HSUAN, and 陳蔓萱. "Preparation and characterization of UV-curable nanocomposite as water vapor barrier." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8etj4u.
Full text國立臺北科技大學
化學工程與生物科技系化學工程碩士班
106
In recent years, owing to science and technological advances, the demand for high-tech electronic products has been increasing. In order to maintain the performance and extend the lifetimes of electronic devices, the scientists devote time and effort to barrier materials and methods. For instance, a hermetic packaging technique is essential to organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) since the light-emitting layer and the highly active metallic electrode inside the device are rather vulnerable to moisture and oxygen attack. Since the barrier property is a key factor for sealing resins to achieve such a purpose, a thorough study on moisture barrier was hence carried out. The ladder-structured polysilsesquioxanes resins which composed of 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate, acrylate-based siloxane, and other alcohol-based acrylate monomers, were prepared by sol-gel condensation, followed the incorporation of diluent, nanoparticles and photo-initiator. Using a common encapsulating substrate PET to test after UV curing. The results showed that the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the sealant measured by Mocon is less than 0.01 (g/m2 – day) for the initial stage. The nanocomposites have been soaked in water to test the aging process to observe the environmental durability of materials. The water vapor transmission rate increased to the range of 0.9 to 1.7 g/m2 –day after being soaked in water about 15 days. The adhesion performance of encapsulated samples (after water soaking) were measured by cross-cut test, which reached 5B. Coated 50µm adhesives with PET substrates has an optical transmittance above 88% (in the visible region 380~780 nm) and the pencil hardness is 8H. The water absorption ranged from 1.1wt% to 3.3wt%. The sealants showed 5% and 10% weight loss temperatures under nitrogen at 345~378°C and 381~405°C, respectively. And the glass transition temperatures (Tg) ranged from 214°C to 262°C. Thus, these polymers can be applied in manufacturing process attributed to their excellent thermal stability. In brief, these results suggest that the UV-curable organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite sealant has the advantages such as fast curing, good moisture barrier, high optical transparency, high hardness, and so on. We expect that organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite sealant can be applied to optoelectronic encapsulation or other industry, which can maintain the performance and extend the lifetimes of products.
Fang, Shih-Jung, and 方士榮. "Preparation and the Water Removal of Biodiesel From Sludge Palm Oil." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34270720745465502203.
Full text南台科技大學
奈米科技研究所
97
In this study, the parameters to prepare the biodiesel from sludge palm oil(SPO) was studied. The SPO different from the natural palm oil (Crude Palm Oil, CPO) has the characteristics of:(1) Low price the premium is only half of the CPO;(2) mud-like at 25℃,the solid content was about 50%;(3) High fatty acid content (about 50 wt.%). SPO has high fatty acids,therefor it has to carry out the acid catalyzed esterification to convert of the fatty acids in SPO to biodiesel first, and then used the alkaline catalyzed to further transesterification the SPO.The relationship of palm oil acid valued and the content of fatty acid was calculated 0.498 in this study.;After acid catalyzed esterification with methanol, the fatty acids in SPO was completely converted to fatty acid methyl ester.The water washed method was not suitable for the reducing of the acid value;According to the experimental results,the increase of NaOH(wt%) was induced to the high content of methyl ester(i.e. the conversion was high). However, the saponification of the free fatty acid was occurred as the amount of NaOH larger than 1.2 wt.% was added which leaded to the separation of two phase more difficult. The yield of methyl ester was also directly proportional to the amounts of methanol. However, as the methanol more than 40%, the yield of methyl ester was decrease.The properties of the product can compete with these of the advanced diesel. Another part of this study was the water removal of the biodiesel by the nanoabsorbent materials of water. Three different kinds of the materials were chose to absorb the water in biodiesel: Silica gel, CaO and MgO. The best nanoabsorber is Silica-gel, then CaO, MgO;The silica gel can recycle, it is more cost effective than the tradition method which used the vacuum distillation method to removal the remain water in biodiesel.