Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water erosion

Academic literature on the topic 'Water erosion'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Water erosion"

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Centeri, Csaba. "Soil Water Erosion." Water 14, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14030447.

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Sanders, D. W. "Water erosion control." Climatic Change 9, no. 1-2 (1986): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00140535.

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Oliveira, Bianca Souza de, Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho, and Eliane Guaraldo. "Identification of erosive processes with free geotechnologies." Terr Plural 16 (September 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5212/terraplural.v.16.2219806.023.

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Linear erosion is one of the types of water erosion that cause the most environmental problems due to the concentration of water flows that has great potential for land degradation. This work aims to identify areas of eroded soil that occur in the Paraíso River Watershed using free geotechnologies through the vectorization of erosion identified through the analysis of high spatial resolution satellite images freely available on the Google Earth platform. The results obtained point out that in the Paraíso River watershed most of the linear erosions are furrow-type features, the mildest form of this type of erosive process. A total of 463 erosion axes were identified, composed of furrows, ravines, and gullies. The temporal monitoring of images has elucidated the origin of the silting identified in a stretch of the Paraíso River near the MS-316 highway. Thus, the availability of high spatial resolution satellite images associated with the resources available for processing spatial data makes it possible to analyze extensive areas and identify erosive processes with greater agility, helping to identify the measures to be adopted to contain and/or recover the sites affected by this environmental problem.
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Sanches Ferreira, Nedilson, Dênis José Cardoso Gomes, Priscila dos Santos Ribeiro, Lianne Borja Pimenta, and José Henrique Cattanio. "VULNERABILIDADE DO SOLO À EROSÃO HÍDRICA, REGIÃO HIDROGRÁFICA DO GUAÍBA-RS." REVISTA GEONORTE 13, no. 41 (June 30, 2022): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.21170/geonorte.2022.v.13.n.41.191.210.

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The population increase in recent years is triggering advances in land use inappropriately and under extreme climatic occurrence, it causes numerous natural disasters, among them soil erosion. The objective of this work is to analyze the vulnerability to soil water erosion in the Guaíba-RS Hydrographic Region. Estimated precipitation data (Global Precipitation Climatology Center) was used; land use (MapBiomas Project); declivity (National Institute for Space Research) and soil (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation) in map algebra to obtain the product of soil water erosion. The Guaíba hydrographic region showed stability in the north and southeast, however, extremely unstable areas were detected mainly in the central axis (east-west) with some points to the south. The erosive processes in the region are naturally motivated by declivity and soil, where precipitation is not a major factor in erosion, and this disaster is caused in some points by the anthropic forcing. The control of unstable areas through preservation of vegetation cover and reduction of agricultural progress is essential for the prevention of possible cases of erosion, socio-environmental and economic damage
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Boštík, Jiří, Lumír Miča, Ivailo Terzijski, Mirnela Džaferagić, and Augustin Leiter. "Grouting below Subterranean Water: Erosional Stability Test." Materials 14, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 2333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092333.

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The article is focused on the medium-term negative effect of groundwater on the underground grout elements. This is the physical–mechanical effect of groundwater, which is known as erosion. We conduct a laboratory verification of the erosional resistance of grout mixtures. A new test apparatus was designed and developed, since there is no standardized method for testing at present. An erosion stability test of grout mixtures and the technical solutions of the apparatus for the test’s implementation are described. This apparatus was subsequently used for the experimental evaluation of the erosional stability of silicate grout mixtures. Grout mixtures with activated and non-activated bentonite are tested. The stabilizing effect of cellulose relative to erosion stability has been also investigated. The specimens of grout mixtures are exposed to flowing water stress for a certain period of time. The erosional stabilities of the grout mixtures are assessed on the basis of weight loss (WL) as a percentage of initial specimen weight. The lower the grout mixture weight loss, the higher its erosional stability and vice versa.
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Dobiáš, J. "Forest road erosion." Journal of Forest Science 51, No. 1 (January 10, 2012): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4542-jfs.

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The forest road network influences surface runoff of uninfiltrated precipitation water on forest lands, mainly in hilly and mountainous areas. This water flows onto the road crown in unpaved forest roads that do not have any ditches. Dragging of extracted logs causes mechanical damage to the crown of unpaved forest road, and tracks after tractor wheels and furrows after dragged logs originate. Flowing water is accumulated in these depressions and the water stream causes erosion. The method for evaluation of conditions for the origination and degree of this erosion damage consists in the calculation of tangential stresses near the bottom at various depths of water and various gradients of road. Limit gradients of road for the origination of greater or smaller damage by erosion for the subsoil grain of various sizes are determined by a comparison of calculated tangential stresses with critical tangential stresses. Rates of discharge were calculated for the particular models of damage.
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Petsch, Carina, Anderson Augusto Volpato Sccoti, Luís Eduardo de Souza Robaina, and Romario Trentin. "Controlling factors and mapping of linear erosive features in Santa Maria river watershed –RS." Revista Brasileira de Geomorfologia 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 1876–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20502/rbg.v23i4.2151.

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Water erosion is one of the main causes of soil degradation and linear erosion mapping is one of the essential tools for its monitoring. In light of this, the goal from this research is to map the linear erosive features (LEF) of the Santa Maria River Basin (BHRSM), southwest region of RS, and understand which environmental factors are controlling or triggering erosion. In western RS there is a considerable concern associated with erosive processes that occupy large extensions and cause changes in the dynamics of use and changes in the environment. Data on geology, soils, hypsometry, slope, land use, drainage channels and roads were analyzed in a GIS environment. The erosive processes in BHRSM are inherent to the less consolidated sandy substrate, configuring a natural process. The relief energy for the incision of water flows is meaningful, since the LEF are related to moderate slope in portions of medium altitudes. However, anthropogenic action accelerates erosive processes. It is noteworthy that the increase in the area occupied by crops, doubled in the period of 20 years, configuring a new landscape and dynamics for BHRSM, demanding special attention to this region that tends to intensify the erosivy processes
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Marzen, Miriam, Thomas Iserloh, Wolfgang Fister, Manuel Seeger, Jesus Rodrigo-Comino, and Johannes B. Ries. "On-Site Water and Wind Erosion Experiments Reveal Relative Impact on Total Soil Erosion." Geosciences 9, no. 11 (November 14, 2019): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9110478.

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The relative impact of water and wind on total erosion was investigated by means of an experimental-empirical study. Wind erosion and water erosion were measured at five different sites: (1) Mediterranean fallow, (2) Mediterranean orchard, (3) wheat field, (4) vineyard and (5) sand substrate. Mean erosion rates ranged from 1.55 to 618 g·m−2·h−1 for wind and from 0.09 to 133.90 g·m−2·h−1 for rain eroded material over all tested sites. Percentages (%) of eroded sediment for wind and rain, respectively, were found to be 2:98 on Mediterranean fallow, 11:89 on Mediterranean orchard, 3:97 on wheat field, 98:2 on vineyard and 99:1 on sand substrate. For the special case of soil surface crust destroyed by goat trampling, the measured values emphasize a strong potential impact of herding on total soil erosion. All sites produced erosion by wind and rain, and relations show that both erosive forces may have an impact on total soil erosion depending on site characteristics. The results indicate a strong need to focus on both wind and water erosion particularly concerning soils and substrates in vulnerable environments. Measured rates show a general potential erosion depending on recent developments of land use and climate change and may raise awareness of scientist, farmers and decision makers about potential impact of both erosive forces. Knowledge about exact relationship is key for an adapted land use management, which has great potential to mitigate degradation processes related to climate change.
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Blinkov, Ivan. "The Balkans - the most erosive part of Europe?" Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 111 (2015): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1511009b.

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Soil erosion has been occurring over the geological time. Inappropriate human activities accelerate this process. Soil erosion by water is a widespread problem throughout Europe. The South and Southeast regions of Europe are significantly prone to water erosion. In parts of the region, erosion has reached a stage of irreversibility and in some places erosion has practically ceased because there is no soil left. Scientists from the Balkan countries faced with the erosion problem for years, paid significant attention to solving problems with erosion. The aim of this study is to compare the results of water erosion intensity in the Balkan countries with other European countries. The basic methodological approach in this paper is an analysis of secondary data, using the method of ?content analyses? of various data sources. Inductive and deductive qualitative analysis was used and finally the method of ?comparative analysis? is applied too. Through the analysis of national researches, it was estimated that erosion intensity in Balkan countries is 548 m3km-2 (similar to 5.48 tha-1) and the total amount of annual produced erosive material is 419.9 *106 m3. The mean European average annual erosion intensity is 3.13tha-1. The most erosive countries in Europe are the Balkan countries, Albania and Montenegro where the mean annual intensity of erosion is > 10 tha-1.
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Bellocchi, Gianni, and Nazzareno Diodato. "Rainfall Erosivity in Soil Erosion Processes." Water 12, no. 3 (March 6, 2020): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030722.

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Regional studies on the erosive power of rainfall patterns are still limited and the actual impacts that may follow on erosional and sedimentation processes are poorly understood. Given the several interrelated challenges of environmental management, it is also not always unclear what is relevant for the development of adaptive and integrated approaches facilitating sustainable water resource management. This editorial introduces the Special Issue entitled “Rainfall Erosivity in Soil Erosion Processes”, which offers options to fill some of these gaps. Three studies performed in China and Central Asia (by Duulatov et al., Water 2019, 11, 897, Xu et al., 2019, 11, 2429, Gu et al. 2020, 12, 200) show that the erosion potential of rainfall is increasing in this region, driving social, economic, and environmental consequences. In the same region (the Weibei Plateau in China), Fu et al. (Water 2019, 11, 1514) assessed the effect of raindrop energy on the splash distance and particle size distribution of aggregate splash erosion. In the Mediterranean, updated estimates of current and future rainfall erosivity for Greece are provided by Vantas et al. (Water 2020, 12, 687), while Diodato and Bellocchi (Water 2019, 11, 2306) reconstructed and investigated seasonal net erosion in an Italian catchment using parsimonious modelling. Then, this Special Issue includes two technologically oriented articles by Ricks at al. The first (Water 2019, 11, 2386) evaluated a large-scale rainfall simulator design to simulate rainfall with characteristics similar to natural rainfall. The data provided contribute to the information that may be useful for the government’s decision making when considering landscape changes caused by variations in the intensity of a rainfall event. The second article (Water 2020, 12, 515) illustrated a laboratory-scale test of mulching methods to protect against the discharge of sediment-laden stormwater from active construction sites (e.g., highway construction projects).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water erosion"

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Dun, Shuhui. "Adapting WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project) for forest watershed erosion modeling." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2006/S%5FDun%5F073106.pdf.

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Puurveen, Hendrikus Joel. "Measurement and simulation of water erosion." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ60168.pdf.

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Garcia-Chevesich, Pablo Andres. "Erosion Processes and Control." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195844.

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This dissertation represents a unique contribution to the Spanish literature of soil erosion. The author of this document has written and published "Procesos y control de la erosion", a textbook about the engineering of soil erosion processes and the design of the most up-to-date methods and products used for erosion control. The text has been presented in Appendix A.Besides the above, the author of this dissertation is an active committee member at the International Erosion Control Association (IECA), specifically the International Development and the SOIL Fund programs. IECA members are drawn from individuals and erosion control business of different sizes. However, there was a lack of knowledge within IECA members about the formation of post-fire water repellent layers. For instance, Appendix B is represented by an article written by the author of this document, published in Environmental Connection (Volume 2, Issue 3), on July of 2008. The article gives a general description of what post-fire water repellency is, how is it formed, what factors affect it, its consequences on soil erosion, and how to control soil erosion on an efficient way when such a layer has been formed as a consequence of fire.Finally, Appendix C is a research paper in process of submission to the International Journal of Wildland Fire, about the formation of post-fire water repellent layers on Chilean Monterrey pine plantations. Since water repellent layers following wildfires have never been documented on Chilean soils, the need for such a publication is urgent, because Chilean land managers have been ignorant of such phenomenon.
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Visser, Saskia M. "Modelling nutrient erosion by wind and water in northern Burkina Faso /." Wageningen : Wageningen University and Research Centre, 2004. http://www.mannlib.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/toc.cgi?5046904.

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Parks, Olivia Waverly. "Effect of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49663.

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In light of increased stream temperatures due to urbanization and climate change, the
effect of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion should be explored. The objectives of this study are to: determine the effect of water temperature on the erosion rates of clay; determine how erosion rates vary with clay mineralogy; and, explore the relationship between zeta potential and erosion rate. Samples of kaolinite- and montmorillonite-sand mixtures, and vermiculite-dominated soil were placed in the wall of a recirculating flume channel using a vertical sample orientation. Erosion rate was measured under a range of shear stresses (0.1-20 Pa) for a period of five minutes per shear stress at water temperatures of 12, 20, and 27�"C. The zeta potential was determined for each clay type at the three testing temperatures and compared to mean erosion rates. The kaolinite erosion rate doubled when the temperature increased from 12 to 20�"C, and erosion of vermiculite samples tripled when the temperature increased from 20 to 27�"C. The montmorillonite samples generally eroded through mechanical failure rather than fluvial erosion, and the limited fluvial erosion of the montmorillonite-sand mixture was not correlated with water temperature. The data suggest correlation between zeta potential and erosion rate; however, due to the small sample size (n=3), statistically significant correlation was not indicated. Research should continue to explore the influence of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion to better understand the influence of clay mineralogy. Due to the high degree of variability in cohesive soil erosion, multiple replications should be used in future work. The vertical sample orientation enabled discrimination between fluvial erosion and mass wasting and is recommended for future studies.
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Schmidt, Walter, and Marcus Schindewolf. "Erosion 3D Sachsen." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-38172.

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Für die Erstellung von Bewirtschaftungs- und Maßnahmenplänen (FFH, EU-WRRL) ist es erforderlich, den bislang noch sehr hohen Aufwand für die Datenbeschaffung und -generierung im Rahmen der Modellierung mit EROSION 3D zu senken. Erreicht werden soll eine schnellere sowie effizientere Abschätzung von Landnutzungsänderungen, Landschaftseingriffen, des Klimawandels usw. auf Oberflächenabfluss, Bodenabtrag sowie Sedimenteintrag in Gewässer mit EROSION 3D. Im vorliegenden Projekt ist es gelungen, Parametrisierung und Modellanwendung so zu kombinieren, dass eine Bodenabtragssimulation mit dem Modell EROSION 3D flächendeckend für Sachsen mit vertretbarem Zeitaufwand durchführbar ist. Der korrigierte und angepasste Geo-Basisdatensatz liefert die Primärinformationen zur Datenbankabfrage der Parametrisierungssoftware DPROC. Durch eine interaktive Flächenauswahl, kombiniert mit einem Flächendatenzuschnitt, können Landnutzungs- und Bearbeitungsszenarien für hydrologische Einzugsgebiete oder Oberflächenwasserkörper schnell parametrisiert werden. Die grundlegend korrigierte und erweiterte Datenbank des DPROC erlaubt die verbesserte Abschätzung erosionsrelevanter Bodenparameter, besonders für die dauerhaft konservierende Bodenbearbeitung und die Direktsaat. Die umfangreiche Dokumentation der Arbeitsschritte und die Transparenz der Datenbank ermöglichen es, jederzeit Aktualisierungen (Geo-Basisdaten) und Erweiterungen (DPROC-Datenbank) vorzunehmen. Von den Projektergebnissen profitieren vor allem die Anwender des Programms EROSION 3D. Beim Druck des Dokumentes ist zu beachten, dass die Karten im Format DIN A3 erstellt wurden.
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Mutter, Ghazi Maleh. "Water erosion of calcareous soils in South-East England." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318679.

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Oliveira, Paulo Tarso Sanches de. "Water balance and soil erosion in the Brazilian Cerrado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-16012015-170452/.

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Deforestation of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) region has caused major changes in hydrological processes. These changes in water balance and soil erosion are still poorly understood, but are important for making land management decisions in this region. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the magnitudes of hydrological processes and soil erosion changes on local, regional and continental scales, and the consequences that are generated. The main objective of the study presented in this doctoral thesis was to better understand the mechanism of hydrological processes and soil erosion in the Cerrado. To achieve that, I worked with different scales (hillslope, watershed and continental) and using data from experimental field, laboratory, and remote sensing. The literature review reveals that the annual rainfall erosivity in Brazil ranges from 1672 to 22,452 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 yr-1. The smallest values are found in the northeastern region, and the largest in the north and the southeastern region. I found that the canopy interception may range from 4 to 20% of gross precipitation and stemflow around 1% of gross precipitation in the cerrado. The average runoff coefficient was less than 1% in the plots under cerrado and that the deforestation has the potential to increase up to 20 fold the runoff coefficient value. The results indicate that the Curve Number method was not suitable to estimate runoff under undisturbed Cerrado, bare soil (hydrologic soil group A), pasture, and millet. Therefore, in these cases the curve number is inappropriate and the runoff is more aptly modeled by the equation Q = CP, where C is the runoff coefficient. The water balance from the remote sensing data across the Brazilian Cerrado indicates that the main source of uncertainty in the estimated runoff arises from errors in the TRMM precipitation data. The water storage change computed as a residual of the water budget equation using remote sensing data (TRMM and MOD16) and measured discharge data shows a significant correlation with terrestrial water storage change obtained from the GRACE data. The results show that the GRACE data may provide a satisfactory representation of water storage change for large areas in the Cerrado. The average annual soil loss in the plots under bare soil and cerrado were 15.25 t ha-1 yr-1 and 0.17 t ha-1 yr-1, respectively. The Universal Soil Loss Equation cover and management factor (C-factor) for the plots under native cerrado vegetation was 0.013. The results showed that the surface runoff, soil erosion and C-factor for the undisturbed Cerrado changes between seasons. The greatest C-factor values were found in the summer and fall. The results found in this doctoral thesis provide benchmark values of the water balance components and soil erosion in the Brazilian Cerrado that will be useful to evaluate past and future land cover and land use changes for this region. In addition, I conclude that the remote sensing data are useful to evaluate the water balance components over Cerrado regions, identify dry periods, and assess changes in water balance due to land cover and land use change.
O desmatamento nas regiões de Cerrado tem causado intensas mudanças nos processos hidrológicos. Essas mudanças no balanço hídrico e erosão do solo são ainda pouco entendidas, apesar de fundamentais na tomada de decisão de uso e manejo do solo nesta região. Portanto, torna-se necessário compreender a magnitude das mudanças nos processos hidrológicos e de erosão do solo, em escalas locais, regionais e continentais, e as consequências dessas mudanças. O principal objetivo do estudo apresentado nesta tese de doutorado foi de melhor entender os mecanismos dos processos hidrológicos e de erosão do solo no Cerrado Brasileiro. Para tanto, utilizou-se diferentes escalas de trabalho (vertentes, bacias hidrográficas e continental) e usando dados experimentais in situ, de laboratório e a partir de sensoriamento remoto. O estudo de revisão de literatura indica que a erosividade da chuva no Brasil varia de 1672 to 22,452 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 yr-1. Os menores valores encontram-se na região nordeste e os maiores nas regiões norte e sudeste do Brasil. Verificou-se que os valores de interceptação da chuva variam de 4 a 20% e o escoamento pelo tronco aproximadamente 1% da precipital total no cerrado. O coeficiente de escoamento superficial foi menor que 1% nas parcelas de cerrado e o desmatamento tem o potencial de aumentar em até 20 vezes esse valor. Os resultados indicam que o método Curve Number não foi adequado para estimar o escoamento superficial nas áreas de cerrado, solo exposto (grupo hidrológico do solo A), pastagem e milheto. Portanto, nesses casos o uso do CN é inadequado e o escoamento superficial é melhor estimado a partir da equação Q = CP, onde C é o coeficiente de escoamento superficial. O balanço hídrico a partir de dados de sensoriamento remoto para todo o Cerrado Brasileiro indica que a principal fonte de incerteza na estimativa do escoamento superficial ocorre nos dados de precipitação do TRMM. A variação de água na superfície terrestre calculada como o residual da equação do balanço hídrico usando dados de sensoriamento remoto (TRMM e MOD16) e valores observados de vazão mostram uma correlação significativa com os valores de variação de água na superfície terrestre provenientes dos dados do GRACE. Os dados do GRACE podem representar satisfatoriamente a variação de água na superfície terrestre para extensas regiões do Cerrado. A média anual de perda de solo nas parcelas de solo exposto e cerrado foram de 15.25 t ha-1 yr-1 and 0.17 t ha-1 yr-1, respectivamente. O fator uso e manejo do solo (fator C) da Universal Soil Loss Equation para o cerrado foi de 0.013. Os resultados mostraram que o escoamento superficial, erosão do solo e o fator C na área de cerrado variam de acordo com as estações. Os maiores valores do fator C foram encontrados no verão e outono. Os resultados encontrados nesta tese de doutorado fornecem valores de referência sobre os componentes do balanço hídrico e erosão do solo no Cerrado, que podem ser úteis para avaliar o uso e cobertura do solo atual e futuro. Além disso, conclui-se que os dados de sensoriamento remoto apresentam resultados satisfatórios para avaliar os componentes do balanço hídrico no Cerrado, identificar os períodos de seca e avaliar as alterações no balanço hídrico devido à mudanças de uso e cobertura do solo.
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Choi, Daniel Mintae. "Rainfall intensity and soil erosion by water : limitations of current erosion models and implications for erosion model-based studies under future climates." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604890.

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Existing simulation studies of the effects of future climate change upon erosion indicate that, under land usages that leave the soil unprotected, even minor increases in rainfall amounts are likely to result in disproportionately large increases in erosion, but commonly make the simplifying assumption that distributions of future rainfall intensities remain unchanged from the present. This research aims to determine implications of rainfall -intensity changes on soil erosion using computerised models. Thus, this thesis is a step towards the ultimate goal of predicting future rates of soil erosion caused by future rainfall intensity changes. Three soil erosion models, WEPP, EUROSEM, and RillGrow are employed to investigate impacts of various rainfall intensities on runoff and soil loss rates. Two extreme daily rainfall events in summer and autumn are subjectively selected from the tipping-bucket rainfall data, and runoff and soil losses are simulated using three erosion models. Estimated runoff and soil loss rates with high resolution rainfall data are greater than those with low temporal resolution rainfall data. Within-Storm Intensity Patterns (WSIPs) affect soil erosion amount, although runoff was not much affected. An additional daily rainfall event with Within-Storm Gaps (WSGs) is also selected to investigate effects of WSG removals on soil erosion. For a given amount of rainfall, events with constant low intensity (constant WSIP) produced dramatically less erosion: thus it appears that assuming a constant (or averaged) intensity throughout a storm does not provide a good representation of a real rainfall with its continuously varying intensity. Analyses of outputs from WEPP simulations revealed a problem that WEPP modifies original rainfall intensity and, thus, simulates erroneous runoff and erosion rates. Future soil erosion rates are estimated using WEPP and CLIGEN data. 30 year-long weather is generated by CLIGEN. Likely future rainfall frequency and intensity are anticipated by changing the mean maximum 30 minutes peak intensity also known as MX.SP. No fu ture rainfall amount change is assumed. WEPP simulation results suggest that where mean maximum 30-min peak intensity of the wet months increases soil erosion increases at a greater rate than runoff. This research assists in improving the performance of erosion models with respect to changes of rainfall intensity by highlighting where current problem exists. In conclusion, greater knowledge found here will, once future changes in rainfall intensity become better known and appropriate rainfall data become available, improve our ability to estimate future rates of erosion.
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Parker, Ronald Dean 1948. "The effect of spatial variability on output from the water erosion prediction project soil erosion computer model." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191165.

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Spatial variability is all that stands between hydrology and science, forcing us to deal in probabilities and averages. Because of scale, we can not consider forces on individual soil particles, water molecules and solute ions when addressing human size problems. We must therefore look at aggregate properties and mean values for parameters and inputs in computer modeling of hydrologic phenomena. This research explores the impact of spatially variable inputs on the Water Erosion Prediction Project soil erosion computer program. Distributions of input variables are generated and assigned randomly to a grid of homogeneous rangeland hillslope elements. Values for runoff volume and sediment loss from each flow path are recorded and averaged to provide a distribution of outputs in the form of a sensitivity analysis. Variabilities of slope, slope length, soil textures, soil characteristics, terrain, convex and concave slopes, soil saturation, rainfall amount and vegetation were examined. Results show that use of mean inputs values in the WEPP representative hillslope model yields very similar outputs to the spatially variable research model using a distribution of inputs in all simulations in the case of totally random bare rangeland soils. When a decreasing trend in soil clay content is introduced in the variable model, the hillslope model using average values as inputs no longer provides a good estimate of the sediment loss. When random vegetation is generated and added to the simulation, runoff volume continues to be similar between the two models, but the sediment loss is much higher in the spatially variable model. In addition, the results of the standard hillslope model are much less responsive to changes in slope than those of the spatially variable model. It is concluded that spatial variability of soils must be considered when there is a linear change in input values with slope position. Likewise spatial variability of vegetation needs to be addressed in order to accurately estimate erosion on the rangeland watersheds considered in this dissertation. It is also found that this type of simulation provides a model for sensitivity analysis of a complex computer programs. Physically related inputs can be generated in such a way as to preserve the desired interrationships and distributions of inputs can be directly compared to generated distributions of outputs.
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Books on the topic "Water erosion"

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Branch, Alberta Alberta Agriculture Conservation and Development. Water erosion. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Agriculture, Conservation and Development Branch, 1990.

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Desjardins, Ronald. The economic implications of water erosion. [Edmonton?]: Alberta Agriculture, Production and Resource Economics Branch, 1986.

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Boardman, John, and David Favis-Mortlock, eds. Modelling Soil Erosion by Water. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58913-3.

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Ontario. Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Strip cropping for water erosion control. S.l: s.n, 1989.

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Svoray, Tal. A Geoinformatics Approach to Water Erosion. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91536-0.

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Blackburn, Wilbert H., Frederick B. Pierson, Gerald E. Schuman, and R. Zartman, eds. Variability in Rangeland Water Erosion Processes. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub38.

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The water cycle: Evaporation, condensation and erosion. Oxford: Heinemann Library, 2006.

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Olson, Kenneth E. Evaluation of erosion feed chlorinators. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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S, Kurothe R., Gajbhiye K. S. 1944-, Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning., Central Soil and Water Conservation Research & Training Institute., and Maharashtra (India). Dept. of Agriculture., eds. Soil erosion in Maharashtra. Nagpur: National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning & Central Soil and Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, Dehradun in co-operation with Dept. of Agriculture, Govt. of Maharashtra, Pune, 2001.

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Elliot, William J. Water erosion prediction project (WEPP) forest applications. Ogden, UT: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water erosion"

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Blanco-Canqui, Humberto, and Rattan Lal. "Water Erosion." In Principles of Soil Conservation and Management, 21–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8709-7_2.

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Parkin, Gary W., Walter H. Gardner, and K. Auerswald. "Water Erosion." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 817–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_625.

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Singh, Rajendra. "Water Erosion." In Soil and Water Conservation Structures Design, 11–31. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8665-9_2.

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Jahren, Per, and Tongbo Sui. "Erosion." In How Water Influences Our Lives, 161–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1938-8_8.

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McCool, D. K., and K. G. Renard. "Water Erosion and Water Quality." In Advances in Soil Science, 175–85. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8982-8_8.

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Singh, Rajendra. "Wind Erosion." In Soil and Water Conservation Structures Design, 297–322. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8665-9_11.

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Julien, Pierre Y., Mark L. Velleux, Un Ji, and Jaehoon Kim. "Upland Erosion Modeling." In Modern Water Resources Engineering, 437–65. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-595-8_9.

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Ritchie, Jerry C. "Soil Erosion." In Remote Sensing in Hydrology and Water Management, 271–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59583-7_12.

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Smith, R. E., and J. N. Quinton. "Dynamics and Scale in Simulating Erosion by Water." In Soil Erosion, 283–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04295-3_13.

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Rose, C. W., and P. B. Hairsine. "Processes of Water Erosion." In Flow and Transport in the Natural Environment: Advances and Applications, 312–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73845-6_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water erosion"

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Rodríguez, José F., and Marcelo H. García. "Bank Erosion in Meandering Rivers." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)331.

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Mishra, Subhendu K., and William B. Lindsey. "Butte City Bridge Erosion Control Project." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)13.

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Perera, C., and W. Wu. "Erosion Coefficients of Cohesive Sediments." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479872.030.

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Blystra, Andrew, Brad MacNeill, and Heather Enterline. "Restoration of Thunder Bay River Erosion Sites." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)333.

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Simon, Andrew, Sean Bennett, and Mark W. Griffith. "Knickpoint Erosion and Migration in Cohesive Streambeds." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)338.

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Chu-Agor, M. L., G. A. Fox, and G. V. Wilson. "A Seepage Erosion Sediment Transport Function and Geometric Headcut Relationships for Predicting Seepage Erosion Undercutting." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)378.

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Bhowmik, Nani G. "Bank Erosion of the Illinois River." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413548.111.

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Utley, B. C., and T. M. Wynn. "Cohesive Soil Erosion: Theory and Practice." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)289.

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Bhowmik, Nani G. "Bank Erosion of the Illinois River." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)354.

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Launder, Duane. "Implementation of an Erosion Control Program." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)338.

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Reports on the topic "Water erosion"

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Collins, J. T. Erosion/corrosion of machinable Tungsten in water. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/775272.

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Walton, Jr, and Todd L. Simulating Great Lakes Water Levels for Erosion Prediction. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226713.

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Shrestha, B., G. Nakarmi, J. Merz, P. B. Shah, R. Weingartner, and S. Shrestha. Water and Erosion Studies of PARDYP Nepal; Water Demand and Supply Survey. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.399.

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Shrestha, B., G. Nakarmi, J. Merz, P. B. Shah, R. Weingartner, and S. Shrestha. Water and Erosion Studies of PARDYP Nepal; Water Demand and Supply Survey. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.399.

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Hoover, K. A., L. L. Cadwell, and W. H. Walters. Hanford Protective Barriers Program water-erosion studies, FY 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6811003.

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Bradford, Joe, Itzhak Shainberg, and Lloyd Norton. Effect of Soil Properties and Water Quality on Concentrated Flow Erosion (Rills, Ephermal Gullies and Pipes). United States Department of Agriculture, November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613040.bard.

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Abstract:
Concentrated flow erosion in rills, pipes, ephermal gullies, and gullies is a major contributor of downstream sedimentation. When rill or gullies form in a landscape, a 3- to 5-fold increase in soil loss commonly occurs. The balance between the erosive power of the flow and the erosion resistance of the bed material determines the rate of concentrated flow erosion. The resistance of the bed material to detachment depends primarily on the magnitude of the interparticle forces or cohesion holding the particles and aggregates together. The effect of soil properties on bed material resistance and concentrated flow erosion was evaluated both in the laboratory and field. Both rill erodibility and critical hydraulic shear were greater when measured in 9.0 m long rills under field conditions compared with laboratory mini-flumes. A greater hydraulic shear was required to initiate erosion in the field compared to the mini-flume because of the greater aggregate and clod size and stability. Once erosion was initiated, however, the rate of erosion as a function of hydraulic shear was greater under field conditions because of the greater potential for slaking upon wetting and the greater soil surface area exposed to hydraulic shear. Erosion tests under controlled laboratory conditions with the mini-flume allowed individual soil variables to be studied. Attempts to relate rill erosion to a group soil properties had limited success. When individual soil properties were isolated and studied separately or grouped separately, some trends were identified. For example, the effect of organic carbon on rill erodibility was high in kaolinitic soils, low in smectitic soils, and intermediate in the soils dominated by illite. Slow prewetting and aging increased the cohesion forces between soil particles and decreased rill erodibility. Quick prewetting increased aggregate slaking and increased erodibility. The magnitude of the effect of aging depended upon soil type. The effect of clay mineralogy was evaluated on sand/clay mixtures with montmorillonite (M), Illite (I), and kaolinite (K) clays. Montmorillonite/sand mixtures were much less erodible than either illite or kaolonite sand mixtures. Na-I and Na-K sand mixtures were more erodible than Ca-I and Ca-K due to increased strength from ionic bonding and suppression of repulsive charges by Ca. Na-M was less erodiblethan Ca-M due to increased surface resulting from the accessibility of internal surfaces due to Na saturation. Erodibility decreased when salt concentration was high enough to cause flocculation. This occurred between 0.001 mole L-1 and 0.01 mole L-1. Measuring rill erodibility in mini-flumes enables the measurement of cohesive forces between particles and enhances our ability to learn more about cohesive forces resisting soil detachment under concentrated water flow.
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Springer, E. P. Surface water and erosion calculations to support the MDA G performance assessment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/444073.

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Gilmore, B. G., and W. H. Walters. Water erosion field tests for Hanford protective barriers: FY 1992 status report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10108259.

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Waugh, W. J., and S. O. Link. Barrier erosion control test plan: Gravel mulch, vegetation, and soil water interactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6438624.

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Dahl, Kristina, and Carly Phillips. Fire and Water in the Western United States. Union of Concerned Scientists, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2022.14633.

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Escalating wildfires across the Western United States threaten water resources for millions of people. By altering how precipitation and water move through ecosystems, wildfires can increase the risk of erosion and landslides and disrupt water quality and availability. Climate change is expected to further worsen wildfires, but local, state, and federal actions can help protect against the threats these fires pose to water resources. Reductions in heat- trapping emissions, active forest management, and investments in climate-resilient water infrastructure would limit the risks wildfires pose to the region’s already limited water resources.
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