Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water debt

Academic literature on the topic 'Water debt'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Water debt.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Water debt"

1

Clarke, Martin, Pete Boden, and Adrian McDonald. "DEBTOR: debt evaluation, bench-marking and tracking - a water debt management tool to address UK water debt." Water and Environment Journal 26, no. 3 (November 29, 2011): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2011.00288.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

S., Muh Ikram, Suci Suci, Andi Nurrahma Gaffar, and Nurjannah Nurjannah. "Analysis of Financial Ratios in the Drinking Water Company (PAM) Tirta Mangkaluku, Palopo City." Dinamis : Journal of Islamic Management and Bussiness 4, no. 1 (December 17, 2022): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/dinamis.v4i2.3420.

Full text
Abstract:
This study aims to determine and analyze financial ratios (liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios) in the Drinking Water Company (PAM) Tirta Mangkaluku) Palopo City. The type of data used in this study is secondary data, where the data relates to the financial reports obtained from the Drinking Water Company (PAM) Tirta Mangkaluku Jalan Pongsimpin, Murante Village, Mungkajang District, Palopo City for the period 2014 – 2016. Based on the results of the study, it was found that Current The ratio cannot increase the added value of PAM Tirta Mangkaluku, Palopo City, but because the Current ratio (CR) is more than 100%. Thus, the company can pay off its current debt when billed. The Quick Ratio (QR) cannot increase the added value of PAM Tirta Mangkaluku Palopo and the results of current assets minus inventory are higher than current liabilities so that the company is able to pay off its current debts when billed. The debt to total asset ratio (DR) can increase the added value of PAM Tirta Mangkaluku, Palopo City, because the total assets are more than the total debt, so the company can pay off its total debt. The Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) can increase the added value of PAM Tirta Mangkaluku, Palopo City, because the total assets are more than the total debt, so the company can pay off its total debt. Economic Profitability (RE) cannot increase the added value of PAM Tirta Mangkaluku, Palopo City. Based on the calculation results of Own Capital Profitability (RMS) for the last 3 years from 2014 to 2016 there has been a fluctuating increase, the result is that Own Capital Profitability can increase added value to PAM Tirta Mangkaluku Palopo City.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Shandra, John M., Eran Shor, and Bruce London. "Debt, Structural Adjustment, and Organic Water Pollution." Organization & Environment 21, no. 1 (March 2008): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086026608314759.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Mugiati. "Influence of Funding Sources and Business Diversification on the Financial Performance of Regional Water Company Jayapura Regency." Information Management and Business Review 8, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v8i3.1328.

Full text
Abstract:
To examine and analyze the influence sources of funding consisting of long-term debt and capital to diversification business and financial performance of Regional Water Company Jayapura Regency. Methods of collecting data used were observation, interviews and secondary data such as financial statements and other documents that have to do with research. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively using the financial ratio analysis, Du Pont analysis and financial ratios specified by Decree 47 of 1999. The results showed that: the effect on the long-term debt diversification Regional Water Company Jayapura regency primarily on the acquisition of Long-Term Debt laba. Dan also affect the financial performance of Regional Water Company redgional Water Company Jayapura regency precisely at the level of solvabilitas, where based on research results Regional Water Company Jayapura Regency has a high level of solvabilitas, high solvabilitas is caused by injection of funds from the government charged as long-term debt. The use of equity capital effect on business diversification and financial performance of the Regional Water Company Jayapura regency. This is evidenced by a decrease in profit resulting from lower equity and the amount of long-term debt. Which due to the lack of balance between long-term debt and equity. And diversification efforts affect the financial performance of the Regional Water Company Jayapura Regency
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Tuninetti, Marta, Stefania Tamea, and Carole Dalin. "Water Debt Indicator Reveals Where Agricultural Water Use Exceeds Sustainable Levels." Water Resources Research 55, no. 3 (March 2019): 2464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018wr023146.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Pempetzoglou, Maria, and Zoi Patergiannaki. "Debt-driven water privatization: The case of Greece." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p102-111.

Full text
Abstract:
The privatization of water services is a basic conditionality in the structural adjustment programs imposed by international financial institutions, such as the IMF and the World Bank, on indebted countries. In the same sense, the financial assistance that has been offered to Greece from Troika, since the beginning of the financial crisis, in the late 2009, was accompanied by the commitment, to privatize, among others, the two largest public water companies. The consequences of water privatization policies include increases in prices, poor quality of services, little or no investment, rise of income inequality, high levels of corruption, loss of jobs and deterioration of working conditions. Despite the fact that privatization of water supply companies has been proven to be ineffective in many parts of the world and the tendency towards the remunicipalization of water services that has lately been detected, international financial organizations continue to set water privatization as conditionality. The unconstitutionality of the policy and the strong opposition of citizens and unions to water privatization seem to be inefficient to prevent the Greek government to proceed to the establishment of a public-private partnership in the water supply sector.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Dodge, Cole. "Debt-for-water swap: a first in Sudan." Waterlines 8, no. 1 (July 2, 1989): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.1989.019.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Znoj, Heinzpeter. "The Politics of Bonded Labour among Rattan-Collectors in South-Western Sumatra, Late 1980s." Asian Journal of Social Science 38, no. 6 (2010): 853–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853110x530769.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractAt the end of the 1980s, the commercial search for rattan in the newly-established Kerinci-Seblat National Park in south-western Sumatra relied on debt bondage as a means of labour control. In a village at the fringes of the park, land and water were ample and free resources but labour power was scarce. Since their land was of no monetary value, the local rice farmers had to pawn their own labour power to secure loans from traders. The focus in the article is on how this debt-bondage was negotiated and discursively constructed on an everyday basis between the indebted rattan collectors and their creditors. In these micro-politics of debt-bondage, the collectors relied on subsistence ethics to openly default on what they called ‘war debts’ to limit the degree of their exploitation. The article shows that this case of debt bondage in forest product collection was an inherently contested and unstable institution that was embedded in notions of mutual obligations within patron-client ties.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Willis, David B., and Justin S. Baker. "A Coasian Approach to Efficient Water Allocation of a Transboundary River." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 40, no. 2 (August 2008): 473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800023762.

Full text
Abstract:
The United States and Mexico recently resolved a decade-old water dispute that required Mexico to repay the accumulated water debt within one year. A Coasian analysis estimates the social welfare gains attainable to each country under an alternative debt repayment scheme that allows repayment over a longer time horizon and in a combination of dollars and water, instead of solely in water. Assuming average water supply conditions, under the agreed 1-year repayment contract, U.S. compensation value is 534% greater and Mexico's compensation cost is 60% less relative to when compensation is paid exclusively in water.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Leurig, Sharlene. "Investment Risks for Water Projects." Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 1, no. 1 (October 2013): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v1.i1.4.

Full text
Abstract:
Unlike most of the developed world, where investor-owned water systems serve the majority of the population, the United States relies mostly on water provided by public systems. To a great extent, these systems were financed through the taxation authority of the federal government—the iconic Hoover Dam only one of the many hundreds of pipelines and reservoirs built by agencies such as the Bureau of Reclamation and Army Corps of Engineers for the benefit of local economic development. Similarly, many of the drinking and waste- water treatment facilities in operation today were built to help communities comply with the federal Safe Drinking Water Act and Clean Water Act and financed in large part by federal dollars distributed through the Environmental Protection Agency, sometimes leveraged by state revolving loan funds. What of our public water systems has not been paid for by federal or state tax dollars has been debt-financed through the tax-exempt municipal bond market. Of the $3.7 trillion municipal bond market,1 roughly 10% is debt issued by water and wastewater systems to build, repair and expand water infrastructure.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water debt"

1

Mobie, Titus Risimati. "The impact of privatization of water system towards the poor a challenge to pastoral care : with special reference to the rural communities of Bushbuckridge /." Thesis, Pretoria : [S.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11062008-170236/.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

TUNINETTI, MARTA. "Water footprint assessment in space and time to support local and global sustainability." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2706873.

Full text
Abstract:
Crop production vastly dominates global freshwater use, accounting for nearly 70% of the total withdrawal and around 90% of the total consumption. Human beings are currently using 30% of precipitation-recharged soil moisture and less than 10% (i.e., 3800 km3yr-1}) of the maximum available renewable freshwater resources in the word. Notwithstanding, water resource availability is highly variable in space and time, and different studies have shown a significant mismatch between water use and availability. Accordingly, two-third of global population live under conditions of sever water scarcity for at least one month per year. Moreover, as a consequence of larger food demand and changing living standards, toward more caloric and protein intense diets, global water use has increased by 6-8 times during the past century. At the same time, areas equipped for irrigation have doubled with actual irrigation having unavoidable consequences for aquifers and river ecosystems. Future scenarios of climate change are expected to worsen this picture. Indeed, the rising trends of water demand may continue in the future, harshening the conditions in areas reaching critical thresholds of acceptable water balance. In this context, the goals of this thesis are (i) to identify the main determinants of water use efficiency in agriculture; (ii) to introduce a link prediction algorithm applied to the international trade of agricultural goods; (iii) to introduce a novel indicator to monitor the (mis)match between water use and supply. This thesis quantifies the crop water footprint (CWF, or amount of water use per unit weight of crop) of nine major crops (i.e., wheat, rice, maize, soybean, barley, potatoes, sugar cane, sugar beet, and cotton) through a daily soil water balance run on a grid with a 5’x5’ spatial resolution. The model considers scenarios of rainfed and irrigated crops, also exploring multi-cropping patterns. Quantitative assessments of green and blue (separated into surface and ground) CWF are mapped and analysed in order to identify and monitor the major local drivers of water use, such as climatic conditions, precipitation rate during the growing season, cropping calendar, soil properties, crop yields and agricultural management practises. Results show that crop yield is the most important determinant of the total CWF. Moreover, results of a first-order sensitivity analysis show that, e.g., wheat CWF is mostly sensitive to the length of the growing period, rice CWF to the reference evapotranspiration depth, soybean and maize CWF to the planting date. The CWF model has been adopted also to validate a Fast Track approach, recently developed to study the CWF changes in time, which are generally kept aside in Water Footprint assessments. This approach ascribes the temporal CWF changes only to the yield variations, while it assumes the evapotranspiration depth as time-invariant. This thesis shows the good performance of this approach and also provides an uncertainty analysis. Accordingly, the Fast Track approach shows an error three times smaller than the uncertainty associated with the CWF model. Following the yields patterns, CWF has significantly decreased along the period 1961-2013, but with different rates depending on the crop and the location of the production sites. In the second part of the thesis, the crop water footprint is compared to the local water availability, to assess the sustainability of crop production. In order to understand the size of local (mis)match between crop water use and available water resources, we introduce a water debt repayment time indicator (WD). The WD quantifies the time the hydrological cycle takes to replenish the water resources used for annual crop production, distinguishing the different sustainability levels of soil-, surface-, and ground-water. This indicator highlights the locations and typology of threats imposed by agricultural production on water resources. On a global average, we found that wheat and rice production critically overuses ground water resources, especially in China and the US, and cotton production overuses both surface -and ground-water, particularly in the US. Locally, unsustainable annual crop production is found over the Sabarmati basin (due to wheat) in India, and in the Chao Phraya basin (due to rice and sugarcane) in Thailand, where the water debt repayment time exceeds 5 years in many cultivated areas. Including in the same framework analyses on water use efficiencies (through the CWF) and measure of water use (un)sustainability (through the WD) enables screening analyses at finding specific solutions in cases of low water use efficiencies and/or in critical situation of overuses. While local drivers monitor the water use for production, global drivers attempt to explore the globalization of water resources that happens through the international trade of agricultural goods. Why do countries become trade patterns, hence establishing a more or less stable relation, which implies externalization of water resources use? The third part of this thesis answers to this question through the elaboration of a threshold-based link prediction algorithm, aiming at finding the drivers behind link activation. Accordingly, a link is expected to exist depending on the predicted virtual water volume traded from the source node to the target node: the link is modelled as active when the volume is higher than 1000 m3y-1, non-active otherwise. This algorithm is able to capture 84% of the currently active links and 93% of non-active links. Country population, geographical distance between countries and fertilizers use are the major drivers to explain link existence. The link prediction model may be applied to build future scenarios of virtual water trade, in order to understand how local consumption and production patterns could affect the trade network. Finally, in order to understand how close water demand to water availability is, we introduce a water debt (WD) indicator. The WD quantifies the payback time the hydrological cycle takes to replenish the water resources used for annual crop production. Hence, it highlights the locations and typology of threats imposed by agricultural production on water resources. E.g., the annual production of the nine study crops arise a WD of 10 years with the ground water resources of the US High Plain aquifer, mostly as a consequence of maize and soybean production. This indicator intends to connect and integrate water resource management with other environmental issues, such as the carbon footprint. In short, the thesis contributes advancing our knowledge in the spatio-temporal explicit water footprint assessments, virtual water trade network, sustainable water use. The models developed in this thesis and the results shown in the following chapters allow (i) to explore pathways toward improved water use efficiencies and more sustainable water withdrawals, (ii) to model backward and forward trade network dynamics, and (iii) to project future water use scenarios.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Kleczyk, Ewa Jadwiga. "Incidence and Costs of Pinhole Leak Corrosion and Corporate Cost of Capital Borrowing." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29901.

Full text
Abstract:
The first part of this doctorate dissertation examines the factors influencing the occurrence and costs of pinhole leak corrosion as well as the household decisions for corrosion prevention and plumbing material selection. Three mail surveys of households were used to elicit the experiences with leaks as well as the optimal corrosion prevention and material choices. Probability modeling (i.e. MNL) and linear regression analysis were used to analyze survey responses. Pinhole leak occurrences were found associated with pipe type installed, property age, pipe failure history, and dwelling distance from a water treatment plant. The number and location of pinhole leaks in the dwelling and the pipe type are associated with the financial costs of pinhole leaks. The corrosion prevention choices as well as the plumbing materials depended on the risk of corrosion and cost associated with each option. Previous experiences with pinhole leak impacted the decision for household choices. Faster responses to pinhole leak outbreaks by utility managers and policymakers in terms of advising homeowners on the best ways of responding to leaks would assist homeowners in reducing costs of pinhole leak repairs and associated damages. The second part of this document deals with the debt financing issues. Debt financing decisions are made simultaneously by lenders and borrowers. Since lenders are unable to observe directly the firms’ investment decisions, the banks offer contracts based up on firms’ observable characteristics (i.e. wealth and size) and the prevailing market conditions. When deciding on the financing decisions, firms also take into account the changes in macroeconomic variables in order to lower the cost of borrowing. As a result, the goal for this article is to examine empirically the hypothesis of the effect of the debt determinant as well as the macroeconomic variables on the debt maturity structure. A reduced form of the simultaneous financing decisions model is estimated by employing several OLS estimation methods. The empirical findings offer strong support for firms with few growth options, large, and of low quality having more long-term debt in their capital structure. There was, however, no clear support for the impact of macroeconomic variables on debt maturity as some variables were not statistically significant.
Ph. D.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Li, Yunda. "Navigating treacherous waters : U.S. private real estate debt market opportunity and investment strategy under new debt capital market order." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107864.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 68-71).
U.S. commercial real estate debt capital market is experiencing some underlying structural changes. New regulations in banking and CMBS industry have resulted in reduced roles of these regulated lenders in the commercial real estate financing market. Funding gaps appear in the market as regulated lenders pullback from various types of lending. This paper delivers a comprehensive and most updated analyses on the current U.S. commercial real estate debt capital market opportunities and investment strategies. The paper illustrates the current debt capital market landscape, summarizes the key regulation changes that created challenges for regulated lenders, identifies the current dislocations and opportunities in the U.S. commercial real estate debt capital market, analyzes appropriate investment strategies that can capitalize on these opportunities, and finally identifies target investors for each strategy. This paper takes the angles of both investment managers and institutional investors, as it provides insights and analyses for both audience groups.
by Yunda Li.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Lindfeldt, Emelie. "Per- och polyfluorerade alkylsubstanser i det kommunala dricksvattnet i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445088.

Full text
Abstract:
Per- och polyfluorerade alkylsubstanser (PFAS) är en stor grupp industriellt framställda ämnen som fått stor spridning i miljön. På grund av PFAS persistens blir ämnena kvar länge i vår miljö och spridning kan fortgå ifrån förorenade områden under lång tid. Högst halter i miljön i Sverige har noterats i anslutning till brandövningsplatser där man använt brandskum innehållande PFAS-ämnen.De vanligaste källorna till människors exponering för PFAS är via kosten, inklusive dricksvatten. PFAS binder till proteiner i kroppen och ansamlas i blodet och levern samt lungor och njurar. Exponering för förhöjda halter under lång tid har visats ge påverkan på blodfetter, en reducerad födelsevikt samt påverkan på leverceller. Den effekt som noterats vid lägst exponeringsdos är påverkan på immunförsvaret.I januari 2020 skickade Livsmedelsverket ut en enkät till Sveriges kommunala kontrollmyndigheter i syfte att kartlägga halter av PFAS i kommunalt dricksvatten. 261 kommuner av 290 (90 %) besvarade enkäten med uppgifter om 1462 vattenverk. Ett urval gjordes till stora vattenverk, som försörjer fler än 500 personer, vilka omfattade 580 stycken. Totalt 86 kommuner hade analyserat PFAS i dricksvatten från minst ett vattenverk. Detekterbara halter påträffades i dricksvattnet från 74 av samtliga 154 vattenverk där analyser genomförts. I dricksvattnet från 15 vattenverk, vilka tillsammans försörjer cirka 2,2 miljoner människor låg summahalterna av PFAS över 10 ng/l. Den högsta summahalten som uppmättes var 40 ng/l i dricksvattnet från ett vattenverk. Resultaten från denna kartläggning visar på lägre halter i kommunalt dricksvatten jämfört med undersökningar från tidigare år vilket indikerar att åtgärder vidtagits i syfte att sänka PFAS-halterna i dricksvattnet i Sverige.
Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) is a large group industrially synthesized compounds being wide spread in the environment. Due to the persistence, the compounds stays in the environment and can further disperse from polluted areas during a long time. The highest levels in the environment in Sweden have been found adjacent to firefighting training facilities using firefighting foam containing PFAS.Humans are exposed to PFAS mainly through food, including drinking water. PFAS binds to proteins in the blood and liver as well as in the lungs and kidney. Exposure during a prolonged time have shown to affect blood lipids, reduce birth weight and affect liver cells. The critical effect observed at the lowest dose is adverse effects on the immune system.In January 2020 the Swedish Food Agency sent out a questionnaire to the municipal control authorities aiming to map levels of PFAS in municipal drinking water. 261 municipalities of 290 (90 %) answered the questionnaire with information including 1462 water works. A selection was made including the larger water works supplying at least 500 persons, resulting in 580 water works. In total, 86 municipalities had analysed PFAS in drinking water from at least one water work. Detectable levels were found in 74 out of 154 water works, where analyses had been performed. In drinking water from 15 water works, supplying approximately 2.2 million people, the sum levels of PFAS exceeded 10 ng/l. The highest sum levels of PFAS in drinking water were 40 ng/l, found in one water work. The results from this survey shows lower levels in municipal drinking water compared to earlier studies, indicating that measures haven been taken aiming to lower the levels of PFAS in drinking water in Sweden.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Tim, Landfeldt. "Att rädda det förgångna : Om Walter Benjamins historiska materialism." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24361.

Full text
Abstract:
The present essay concerns Walter Benjamin’s thought regarding history and temporality as he articulated it in his last work that was only published posthumously: ”Über den Begriff der Geschichte”. The purpose is to analyze Benjamin’s construction of historical materialism and to suggest a reading of it as directed towards an opening of history. For Walter Benjamin, every moment presents itself as a possibility of radical otherness: a possibility for things to be different. In this essay, I therefore want to concentrate on key concepts constituting such possibility, namely, remembrance [Eingedenken] and redemption [Erlösung]. I will further examine their relation to the specific experience of the past. Following Benjamin, in this essay I am constructing a critique of positivist concepts of linear time and Marxist teleology in regard to history and temporality. Another purpose is to establish an alternative concept of history and temporality as it is to be found in Benjamin’s own thought. Furthermore, the essay seeks to engage in a dialog with Benjamin’s historical reflection in an attempt of capturing the Benjaminian concepts of dialectical image and now-time [Jetztzeit] and by doing this to envisage a genuine break from the notion of historical progress. In presenting such a break as a possibility of opening up history, I seek to raise the question of political action [Aktion]. As demonstrated in the essay, the notion of action, its ethics and politics, is to be found, both implicitly and explicitly, in the way Benjamin develops the persona of the historical materialist and in his concept of redemption, but the analysis must start with a thorough investigation of the concept of remembrance [Eingedenken], without which Benjamin’s meaning cannot be understood.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kaltenberg, Eliza Maria. "New Approaches in Measuring Sediment-Water-Macrobenthos Interactions." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1458661697.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Hansson, Caroline. "Miljökvalitetsnormer för vatten i det kommunala detaljplanearbetet - Viktiga faktorer, svårigheter och möjligheter." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199215.

Full text
Abstract:
Med målet att uppnå vattenkvalité av god status inom hela EU införde Europaparlamentet år 2000 ramdirektivet för vatten (2000/60/EC), även kallat Vattendirektivet. För att uppnå god vattenstatus sätts mål i form av ”miljökvalitetsnormer”(MKN) på vattendrag, sjöar, kustvatten och grundvatten inom varje län och kommun. Dessa ska beaktas vid framtagandet av nya detaljplaner vilket är ett juridiskt gällande dokument där den tillåtna exploateringen av ett område fastställs. I detaljplanen ska planens påverkan på möjligheterna att uppnå MKN för vatten utredas och presenteras. Det saknas dock tydliga riktlinjer för hur denna bedömning ska göras och vilka aspekter som ska ingå i utredningen. I de fall planen medför att målen i form av MKN riskeras att inte uppnås är det länsstyrelsens uppgift att hindra planen från att godkännas. Syftet med studien är att utreda vad som är viktigt i arbetet att ta fram en detaljplan som beaktar MKN för vatten och hur kommuner och länsstyrelser upplever arbetet. Målet är att undersöka det övergripande arbetet och därefter fokusera på den bedömning som görs av vilken påverkan på MKN en plan medför. Detta för att ge en bild av hur arbetet sker i dagsläget och belysa de utmaningar och förbättringsmöjligheter som finns. Studien avgränsas geografisk till länsstyrelserna inom Norra Östersjöns vattendistrikt och kommunerna i Stockholms län. För att undersöka det ovannämnda genomfördes en förstudie bestående av en intervjustudie riktad till konsulter och anställda på kommun och länsstyrelser, och en litteraturstudie. Förstudien ledde fram till formuleringen av frågor i enkätstudien. Enkätstudien bestod av två delar där den första riktade sig till kommuner i Stockholms län och den andra till länsstyrelserna i Norra Östersjöns vattendistrikt. Resultatet från studien bidrog till att identifiera viktiga steg i processen att ta fram en detaljplan som följer satta MKN. Även svårigheter kopplade till de olika processtegen framkom. Uppföljning visade sig vara ett steg som inte genomförs i så stor utsträckning men som troligtvis kan förbättra situationen genom att bidra med data och kvalitetssäkring av metodiken. Bedömningen som görs av hur en plan påverkar möjligheten att uppfylla MKN sammanställdes i några nyckelsteg. De flesta svårigheter som upplevs av de kommunanställda är kopplade till att utföra den här bedömningen. Främst är det osäkerheter i metod och modelleringsverktyg tillsammans med ofullständigt underlagsmaterial som bidrar till svårigheterna. Det preliminära åtgärdsprogram som presenterats våren 2016 av Vattenmyndigheten inför nästa 6-åriga arbetscykel bidrar förhoppningsvis med att vägledningsmaterial och tydligare riktlinjer tas fram. Detta efterfrågades från flera håll i enkätstudien. Förutom det som åtgärdsprogrammet adresserar ses ett behov av mer utbildning och samverkan av och mellan aktörer. Beräkningsmetoder och underlag som används behöver även ses över och det behöver finnas en tydligare samsyn på hur en detaljplansplans påverkan på MKN ska bestämmas.
With the goal of high quality recipients within the European Union the European Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) was initiated in the year of 2000. In order to achieve water of high quality, goals have been established under the definition of Environmental Quality Standards (EQS). These are defined for lakes, rivers and other water bodies within each municipality. The EQS are defined as a level that are to be reached until a defined year. The EQS are to be kept in mind when zoning is carried out within a municipality. Zoning allows for strategic use of land and water within the municipality and is an important part in the work of achieving the EQS. If a zoning plan does not meet the EQS the plan should not be adopted. The county government should audit plans before they are approved to make sure the chance of reaching the EQS are not hindered by the plan. The aim of this study is to investigate which important factors that come into play when a zoning plan is created that will meet the EQS. The aim is also to get an understanding of the work from the municipalities perspective as well as from the viewpoint of the county government. Both the overall perspective and the more detailed field of assessing the impact from a zoning plan is to be analyzed. In the end the goal is to give an overview of how the work is done today, which difficulties that are experienced as well as improvements that could be needed. The study is focused upon the county governments within the North Baltic Sea basin and the municipalities within Stockholm county. Semi-structured interviews and a literature review were conducted followed by a survey study in order to address the research questions. The survey study was directed towards the county governments and municipalities within the geographical study area mentioned above. From the methods described above data was collected which resulted in the identification of important steps in the process of making zoning with consideration of the EQS. Also difficulties connected to each phase were identified. The work of follow-up and monitoring was found only to be carried out to a limited extent but is believed to support several important functions in the work, if improved. The impact assessment of zoning on water quality and EQS was found to be one of the more difficult parts of the work with the WFD. Foremost, this process is connected to many uncertainties in the method of calculation but also due to limited data available in some cases. Information needed is for example the current water quality and the levels of pollution connected to different land uses of the area. More developed guidelines and support from central authorities was requested by several participants of the survey. Hopefully the Water authorities’ planned action program for the next 6-year work cycle, will result in this. However, more investigations and studies are needed in order to improve and minimize uncertainties in the methods used to calculate impact from zoning on water quality. More education and cooperation between municipalities, county governments and agencies with issues connected to implementing the WFD is needed as well. Overall more consensus is needed in how the work can be carried out while meeting both environmental and societal goals.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Beijbom, Elin, and Emma Lindqvist. "Att uppnå ett levande ledningssystem för hållbarhetsstyrning : En fallstudie på det tekniska säljbolaget Xylem Water Solutions Sweden AB:s integrerade kvalitets- och miljöledningssystem." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176107.

Full text
Abstract:
In a world where the concept sustainability increasingly is becoming more relevant, stakeholders require companies to take greater responsibility. As a result, the strategic importance of sustainable development increases in the corporate world. Management systems is a strategical tool that can be used for sustainable development. A management system describes how an organization conducts its business and is a tool for the management to manage the business. A well-functioning management system can contribute to increased competitiveness, reduced costs and efficient working methods. It also exists several common challenges for management systems, for example that they do not always generate continuous improvement, that it can require a lot of resources, and that it is not used actively after implementation. For a management system to be effective and efficient, an important prerequisite is that the management system is actively used. An active management system is defined in the report as a management system that is purposefully introduced and used to contribute benefits and continuous improvements to the business and the surrounding world. This study examines how a management system can become active and how successful sustainability management can be achieved in a technical sales company. This is accomplished through a qualitative study consisting of a literature study and a case study. The literature study resulted in ten key factors that are important for an active management system for sustainability management; favorable culture, management commitment, involved employees, understanding and well-functioning communication, clearness, resources, defined areas of responsibility, business adaptation, consensus on sustainability and integration. The case study that was carried out consisted of an analysis of the current situation based on a questionnaire, a document study, interviews, and a participatory observation as well as a gap analysis that identified proposed actions. The case study was conducted at a technical sales company, Xylem Water Solution Sweden AB (Xylem WSS), that is a part of the corporate group Xylem Inc. The company works with water technology solutions and has a certified quality and environmental management system according to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001. Xylem WSS’s management system is not active according to the definition in this report. The company's management system model has sustainability as a foundation for all activities. This is not being realized since the sustainability work is not well coordinated or prioritized. Based on this, there is a great potential for improvement. For the company to achieve an active management system for sustainability management, the company should work towards the identified key factors, for instance by implementing the proposed actions presented in this report. It is of great importance to have a committed management to create a culture of accountability where the management system and sustainability are prioritized. By improving the communication, it is possible to increase understanding, clarity, consensus, and commitment. Furthermore, increased business adaptation and integration in daily operations, as well as coordination of sustainability work, can improve the outcome of the management system. By adapting strategies and goals that exist on the corporate level to the operation of Xylem WSS, the company can achieve a structured sustainability management. In this situation, sustainability aspects that are specific to Xylem WSS should be identified and influence the outcome.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Naidoo, Merle. "A situational analysis on the public participation processes in integrated water resources management in the Kat River Valley, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005530.

Full text
Abstract:
Public participation in water management processes is one of the internationally recognised and adopted principles of Integrated Water Resource Management. The South African Department of Water Affairs and Forestry aims to facilitate the decentralisation of water management powers to the local community level via the establishment of regional and local water management institutions, namely Catchment Management Agencies, Water User Associations and Catchment Forums. The National Water Act (No. 36 of 1998) acknowledges that the discriminatory laws and practices of the past have prevented equal access to water and the use of water resources. The contribution of water management institutions to social and economic development, in particular poverty eradication and food security, is mentioned in the water act. The participation of poor rural communities living in the Kat valley, an area where an elite minority reap the benefits of water use for agriculture, is the focus of this research. Their participation, perceptions and experiences are documented and explored to determine how the promulgation of post-apartheid water policy and legislation has affected their access to water. The results of this research are based on data collected from several methods including surveys, workshops and observation. Analysis of these data revealed the complicated and stagnant nature of participation from Kat valley rural communities in local water management initiatives and organisations. Existing water management organisations were not successful in stimulating poor people’s participation as they were unable to address their primary concerns, namely a secure source of potable water, employment and access to water for agricultural purposes. This thesis asserts that the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, as the custodian of South Africa’s water resources, has not taken on a supportive, accountable role in assisting marginalised communities with improving their access to water for domestic purposes and securing access to water rights for productive use. This, in turn, has led to dissatisfaction among these communities and a wariness of participatory activities that focus mainly on raising environmental awareness. The establishment of effective accountability relationships among all stakeholders, pro-poor water management structures and initiatives, as well as integrated and co-operative management of natural resources, are needed to revitalise the present participation of poor communities living in rural areas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Water debt"

1

Sidhu, Aman. Debt and death in rural India: The Punjab story. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE, 2011.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

1931-, Jaijee Inderjit Singh, ed. Debt and death in rural India: The Punjab story. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE, 2011.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Financial risk analysis of infrastructure debt: The case of water and power investments. New York: Quorum Books, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Power, United States Congress Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Water and. Miscellaneous reclamation legislation: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water and Power of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, on S. 230 ... S. 252 ... S. 1704 ... H.R. 5028 ... July 22, 1986. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Power, United States Congress Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Water and. Miscellaneous reclamation legislation: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water and Power of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, second session, on H.R. 3694, S. 1118, S. 1932, S. 1590, S. 2716, July 24, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Power, United States Congress Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Water and. Miscellaneous reclamation legislation: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water and Power of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, on S. 230 ... S. 252 ... S. 1704 ... H.R. 5028 ... July 22, 1986. Washington, [D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Water and Power. Miscellaneous reclamation legislation: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water and Power of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, on S. 230 ... S. 252 ... S. 1704 ... H.R. 5028 ... July 22, 1986. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Canada. Bill: An act to authorize the improvement of water-courses. [Toronto: J. Lovell, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Mascini, Vibeke. The dent of Walter Unenhofer. Netherlands]: [Publisher not identified], 2015.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

¿Debe el agua de los ríos llegar al mar?: Una gestión medioambiental del agua en España. Madrid: Los Libros de la Catarata, 2011.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Water debt"

1

Feinig, Jakob. "Water, Money, and the Job Guarantee." In Care, Climate, and Debt, 203–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96355-2_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Issar, Arie S. "That Great and Terrible Wilderness (Deut. 1:19)." In Water Shall Flow from the Rock, 109–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75028-1_9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Eichengreen, Barry. "Oil and Water." In In Defense of Public Debt, 149–64. Oxford University PressNew York, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577899.003.0010.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract This chapter describes how emerging economies rebounded from the late 1980s and reentered the global debt market, building on their experience with Brady bonds. However, the 1997–98 East Asian crisis was a brutal reminder that external borrowing had to be carefully managed. Among the lessons from the crisis was a realization that currency and maturity mismatches exposed governments and banks to serious risks in the event of capital flight. Following the crisis, policymakers in emerging economies accumulated foreign exchange reserves and sought to create local-currency markets for public debt. This addressed some structural fragilities but ignored others, such as excessive dependence on domestic banks, a problem that would return with a vengeance in the new millennium.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

"Types of Long-Term Debt." In Fundamentals of Water Finance, 13–17. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315369747-5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

"Annual Debt Service Payments." In Handbook of Project Finance for Water and Wastewater Systems, 25–46. CRC Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781466593459-9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Thrikawala, Sunil, and N. C. Narayanan. "Foreign Assistance, Dependence and Debt." In Water Governance and Civil Society Responses in South Asia, 144–69. Routledge India, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315734071-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

"Cash Available for Debt Service." In Handbook of Project Finance for Water and Wastewater Systems, 17–24. CRC Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781466593459-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

"The Impact of Term on Annual Debt Service Payments." In Fundamentals of Water Finance, 41–44. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315369747-9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Bjornlund, Henning, Sarah Wheeler, and Jeremy Cheesman. "Irrigators, Water Trading, the Environment and Debt: Buying water entitlements for the environment." In Basin Futures: Water reform in the Murray-Darling Basin. ANU Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/bf.05.2011.17.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Eichengreen, Barry. "Democratization and Globalization." In In Defense of Public Debt, 45–62. Oxford University PressNew York, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577899.003.0004.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The market in public debt was globalized and democratized in the nineteenth century, when a growing base of retail investors adventured their savings in bonds issued by sovereigns. Spending priorities meanwhile shifted from financing wars to supplying public goods and services. As cities expanded, demands arose for transportation, clean water, sewers, and electricity. In response, governments issued bonds to finance public infrastructure. This transition again illustrates the role of public debt in state building—in lending legitimacy to the state by enabling it to meet the needs of its constituents. But where savings were low and financial markets were underdeveloped, governments could not finance such projects at home. Such governments, including those of Southern Europe and recently independent Latin American republics, borrowed abroad. External debt emerged as an asset class.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Water debt"

1

Sánchez Londoño, Yuly Andrea, Mehrab Mehrvar, Lynda McCarthy, Édgar Quiñones, Luis Eduardo Rodríguez Cheu, Alexander Reuss, and Jairo Romero. "An overview of water quality regulation or standards in swimming pools, drinking water, and hot springs in Germany, Canada, and Colombia." In Nuevas realidades para la educación en ingeniería: currículo, tecnología, medio ambiente y desarrollo. Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Ingeniería - ACOFI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26507/paper.2239.

Full text
Abstract:
Este artículo detalla las regulaciones en la calidad del agua en piscinas y agua potable en Alemania, Canadá y Colombia, con una comparación con la regulación existente y los estándares de calidad de las aguas termales. Canadá, Alemania y Colombia regulan que el agua potable debe estar libre de niveles inseguros de sustancias y patógenos, especificando los parámetros microbiológicos y químicos que deben seguirse. Las piscinas en Canadá, Alemania y Colombia tienen regulaciones o estándares específicos para parámetros microbiológicos y químicos que deben seguirse. Al igual que la regulación del agua potable, el agua debe estar libre de organismos patógenos para conservar su calidad de agua. Por otro lado, en el caso de aguas termales donde el bañista tiene condiciones similares a las de las piscinas, Canadá y Alemania no cuentan con regulaciones o normas específicas para el agua de aguas termales. En cambio, se aplican a las aguas termales los mismos requisitos microbianos y químicos que para el agua de piscinas según la Normativa de piscinas públicas de Canadá y la norma Din 19643 de Alemania. Actualmente, Colombia no cuenta con reglamentos o normas sobre la calidad de las aguas termales, tal como lo establece el artículo 6 del Decreto 554 de 2015.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Richardson, Joseph J., and Vincent P. Kolbuck. "Pipeline Integrity Excavation Challenge in a High Consequence Area." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64343.

Full text
Abstract:
A portion of Enbridge Pipelines 30 inch crude oil/NGL pipeline runs from Bay City, Michigan to Sarnia, Ontario. A geometry tool found a topside dent indication and GPS data indicated that the dent was located in the Saginaw River which is considered Coast-guard navigable. This pipe segment is located within a defined high consequence area making Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) timing applicable. On top of the normal problems associated with digging in a river, the riverbed soil was known to contain dioxin contamination related to its industrial history. This paper provides an overview of the practical problems encountered in completing this dig. Governmental construction permitting proved to be the most difficult aspect of the work. Contaminated soils caused Enbridge to hire a specialized water handling company. Significant engineering challenges included design and installation of a 100 × 50 foot coffer dam with 70 foot long sheets. The coffer dam design required a flood plain erosion study. After many months of permitting process, all required permits were obtained and construction was started. The construction included three major elements, water handling, coffer dam installation and excavation of the suspected defect. After 2 months of work to uncover the suspected dent, it was located and analyzed. The dent did not meet Enbridge repair criteria, but mechanical reinforcement was installed as a precaution. Final steps included backfilling and coffer dam removal. From start to finish the construction portion of the dig took about 5 months to complete.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

WATANABE, H., A. MATSUO, K. MATSUOKA, A. KAWASAKI, and J. KASAHARA. "NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF WATER SPRAY ON IRREGULAR AND REGULAR GASEOUS DETONATION." In The 11th International Colloquium on Pulsed and Continuous Det- onations (ICPCD). TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/icpcd201813.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

"The Impact of Contribution in Aid of Construction on Utility Dilapidated Infrastructure: Evidence from the State of Florida [Abstract]." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4371.

Full text
Abstract:
Aim/Purpose: The study examines the current credit treatment of Contribution in Aid of Construction (CIAC) on investor own utilities (IOU) and its impacts on the current state of utility infrastructure in the state of Florida Background: The Congressional Budget Office describes a synergist contributing to the present aged utility infrastructure is the cost of replacement within the water industry. The state of Florida treats Contribution in Aid of Construction (CIAC) as a liability with a credit expense balance. The ratemaking process does not include CIAC Methodology: The study used the latent change/growth structural equation model with an observed sample of 80 selected utilities. The selected utilities generated 700 observations from the financial statements. We identified and build ratios from the NRRI and Acheampong et al. utility viability model and used VIF to address multicollinearity issues and linked test to specify the inclusion of the ratios. Ten ratios were used as the explanatory variables to current total assets of IOUs. Contribution: The results may urge regulators to consider the current treatment of CIAC. Findings: The study suggests a debit treatment of the CIAC amortization expenses and the recovered amount kept in a reserved account to replace the utility infra-structure, a trend analysis comparing the credit treatment and the debit treat-ment to determine the impact of CIAC on the current credit treatment. Recommendations for Practitioners: The study complements the work completed by the study committee form by Florida House Bill No. 1389-2012, one of the findings for the committee was to establish a reserve fund for IOUs. However, they did not identify how to fund the reserve account to use to replace aged infrastructure. The results of the will enhance both practitioners and regulators understanding of the need to either maintain the current treatment of CIAC or make a policy change for CIAC to be treated with a debit balance. Both Regulators and practitioners will connect the relationship between CIAC and the total assets of utilities and find alternative means to enhance or improve the aged infrastructure within the water and wastewater industry. Recommendation for Researchers: AICPA in 2017 attempted to research into the treatment of CIAC among power and utility entities but focused on revenue recognition (FASB 606), and concluded FASB pronouncement does not address the treatment of CAIC; the study will be the first in-depth inquiry into the recognition of the of CIAC on improving the total assets of water and wastewater utilities. The study will further generate academic discussion on the inconsistent application by various states across the US on the applicability of CIAC. Should regulators or the NRRI pursue a debit or credit treatment consistently across the US and should FASB enact a pronouncement enhancing the principle-based of the method of CIAC Future Research: The study focused on the alternative treatment of CIAC and its relationship with improving total assets of aged infrastructure among water and wastewater utility. The Regulation of the water and wastewater utilities are state-specific, and the various commissions differ in several policies for the industry. The treatment of CIAC as a debit balance study is an opening-door for further research into the donated capital treatment among the various states. We recommend a study comparing states treating CIAC as a debit balance to states treating it as a credit balance and its impact on utility viability and also plant asset improvement
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ashari, Dimas Yulian, Ali Husein Alasity, Firman Arifin, and Hendhi Hermawan. "Prototype of monitoring system for the use of PDAM water debit based on wireless sensor network." In 2017 International Electronics Symposium on Engineering Technology and Applications (IES-ETA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elecsym.2017.8240375.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Sayonara, Ramzy, Sutirto Sutirto, and Arnoldus Nama. "Optimization Of Availability Of Water Spring Debit For Customer In Kolhua Village, Maulafa District, Kupang City." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Engineering, Science, and Commerce, ICESC 2019, 18-19 October 2019, Labuan Bajo, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.18-10-2019.2289987.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Xu, J., C. Miller, C. Hofmayer, and H. Graves. "An Assessment of Simplified vs. Detailed Methodologies for SSI Analyses of Deeply Embedded Structures." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2906.

Full text
Abstract:
Sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is carrying out a research program to develop a technical basis to support the safety evaluation of deeply embedded and/or buried (DEB) structures as proposed for advanced reactor designs. In this program, the methods and computer programs established for the assessment of soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects for the current generation of light water reactors are evaluated to determine their applicability and adequacy in capturing the seismic behavior of DEB structures. This paper presents an assessment of the simplified vs. detailed methodologies for seismic analyses of DEB structures. In this assessment, a lump-mass beam model is used for the simplified approach and a finite element representation is employed for the detailed method. A typical containment structure embedded in a soil profile representative of a typical nuclear power plant site was utilized, considering various embedment depths from shallow to full burial. BNL used the CARES program for the simplified model and the SASSI2000 program for the detailed analyses. The calculated response spectra at the key locations of the DEB structure are used for the performance assessment of the applied methods for different depths of burial. Included in the paper are: 1) the description of both the simplified and detailed models for the SSI analyses of the DEB structure, 2) the comparison of the analysis results for the different depths of burial between the two methods, and 3) the performance assessment of the analysis methodologies for SSI analyses of DEB structures. The resulting assessment from this study has indicated that simplified methods may be capable of capturing the seismic response for much deeper embedded structures than would be normally allowed by the standard practice.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Sancayaningsih, Retno Peni, Ni Wayan Suprianingsih, and Mira Andespa. "Land use changes, trees and shrubs contributed to decrease of water debit in Geger spring at Pundong, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953522.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Lee, T. H., Y. J. Oh, I. S. Hwang, H. S. Chung, and J. Y. Park. "A Modified Technique for Crack Formation on Nuclear Steam Generator Tubing." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2169.

Full text
Abstract:
For the aging management and safety assurance of an operating pressurized water reactor (PWR), the integrity of steam generator (SG) tubes receives increasing attention. Non-destructive examination by eddy current technique (ECT), leak rate measurement and burst pressure evaluation constitute key elements. SG tubes containing cracks with physical and microstructural characteristics similar to those of field-aged tubes are needed for the effort. We explored a radial dent loading method to introduce axial intergranular cracks using sensitized alloy 600 tubes in laboratories as a procedure to generate a library of laboratory degraded tubes (LDT) for ECT qualification. Based on three-dimensional finite element analysis and preliminary experimental work that the method is shown to be more useful than the internal pressurization method for the production of cracks with high aspect ratio. In addition, direct current potential drop (DCPD) method applied with array probes has been developed for use in accurate monitoring and control of crack size and shape. In order to minimize plastic deformation of region containing cracks, it is desired to use the radial dent loading only for shallow crack initiation. Then, subsequent growth of crack depth can be made by internal pressurization method.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Purnawarman, F. "312 km Mubadala Ruby Field Subsea Gas Pipeline Dent Investigation and Assessment." In Indonesian Petroleum Association 44th Annual Convention and Exhibition. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa21-f-186.

Full text
Abstract:
Mubadala Petroleum (pipeline operator) responded to a pig stuck in a 312 km subsea gas pipeline. A bi-di pig was found to be stuck and after being rescued, the bi-di pig discs were found to be dented. An investigation and assessment are conducted to found what causes pig stuck, to solve the issue of a pig stuck, and to execute all the processes during pipeline operation as effectively and safest way as possible. The investigation started by defining what makes dented bi-di pigs, is an object inside the pipeline or pipeline deformation. A series of conformity techniques are applied by calculation to predict exact pig stuck location, using the backpressure method. A series of inspections were conducted from simple to complex way. From a smart pig that resulted from pig damage to side-scan sonar (SSS) inspection, and visual inspection at predicted location due to cost and time limit. The result is the investigation and assessment process to find dent location within 312 km seabed are executed in a time effective and cost reduced way, under 2 years for all activity for technical process and field execution duration. The sequence also escalating from lowest cost and easiest methods (engineering calculation) to the highest and more complex methods and cost (inspection and survey). The accurate result of prediction confirmed by the dent location and damages at KP 111.89 and 30 meters water depth. The investigation methodology also complies with the requirement of regulation, company specs, standard/code, and engineering best practices. The benefits of this paper are as a reference to conduct series of pipeline damage investigations for a long-distance and remote subsea pipeline. The investigation sequence can apply to many cases with accurate prediction to reduce investigation cost, time, complexity, and risk.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Water debt' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography