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1
Hassan, Marwan A., and Graham McIntyre. "Palestinian Water: Resources, Use, Conservation, Climate Change, and Land Use." Digest of Middle East Studies 21, no. 2 (November 2012): 313–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-3606.2012.00175.x.
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Pokhrel, Shiva, and Chungla Sherpa. "Analysis of Land Use Land Cover in Annapurna Conservation Area in Gandaki Province, Nepal using Vegetation Index and Land Use Land Cover Datasets." Journal of Geographical Studies 2, no. 2 (May 19, 2019): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj5.18020204.
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Conservation areas are originally well-known for protecting landscape features and wildlife. They are playing key role in conserving and providing a wide range of ecosystem services, social, economic and cultural benefits as well as vital places for climate mitigation and adaptation. We have analyzed decadal changes in land cover and status of vegetation cover in the conservation area using both national level available data on land use land cover (LULC) changes (1990-2010) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (2010-2018) in Annapurna conservation area. LULC showed the barren land as the most dominant land cover types in all three different time series 1990, 2000 and 2010 with followed by snow cover, grassland, forest, agriculture and water body. The highest NDVI values were observed at Southern, Southwestern and Southeastern part of conservation area consisting of forest area, shrub land and grassland while toward low to negative in the upper middle to the Northern part of the conservation area.
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Kenway, S. J., G. M. Turner, S. Cook, and T. Baynes. "Water and energy futures for Melbourne: implications of land use, water use, and water supply strategy." Journal of Water and Climate Change 5, no. 2 (December 21, 2013): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2013.188.
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This paper quantifies the effect of three policy levels on the water and energy futures of Melbourne, Australia. During a time of severe water shortages attributed to climate change, water strategies lacked consideration of energy consequences. Modeling, guided by urban metabolism theory, demonstrated that a compact urban form, reduced water consumption by 90 GL/a, compared with a sprawling city, and had greater water conservation impact than simulated demand management measures. Household water conservation, coupled with increased use of solar hot water systems, reduced grid energy use by some 30 PJ/a. Desalination, tripled water supply energy demand, growing to a total of 4.5 PJ/a, by 2045. While the increase is less than 1% of total Melbourne urban energy use, it contributes to a substantial increase in the energy bill for urban water provision. Importantly, the energy impact could be offset through demand management measures. Recommendations for the combined management of water and energy include improving energy characterization of the urban water cycle; impact-evaluation of regional plans; using total urban water and energy balances in analysis to provide context; and developing reporting mechanisms and indicators to help improve baseline data across the water and energy systems.
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Pan, Tianshi, Lijun Zuo, Zengxiang Zhang, Xiaoli Zhao, Feifei Sun, Zijuan Zhu, and Yingchun Liu. "Impact of Land Use Change on Water Conservation: A Case Study of Zhangjiakou in Yongding River." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010022.
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The implementation of ecological projects can largely change regional land use patterns, in turn altering the local hydrological process. Articulating these changes and their effects on ecosystem services, such as water conservation, is critical to understanding the impacts of land use activities and in directing future land planning toward regional sustainable development. Taking Zhangjiakou City of the Yongding River as the study area—a region with implementation of various ecological projects—the impact of land use changes on various hydrological components and water conservation capacity from 2000 to 2015 was simulated based on a soil and water assessment tool model (SWAT). An empirical regression model based on partial least squares was established to explore the contribution of different land use changes on water conservation. With special focus on the forest having the most complex effects on the hydrological process, the impacts of forest type and age on the water conservation capacity are discussed on different scales. Results show that between 2000 and 2015, the area of forest, grassland and cultivated land decreased by 0.05%, 0.98% and 1.64%, respectively, which reduces the regional evapotranspiration (0.48%) and soil water content (0.72%). The increase in settlement area (42.23%) is the main reason for the increase in water yield (14.52%). Most land use covered by vegetation has strong water conservation capacity, and the water conservation capacity of the forest is particularly outstanding. Farmland and settlements tend to have a negative effect on water conservation. The water conservation capacity of forest at all scales decreased significantly with the growth of forest (p < 0.05), while the water conservation capacity of different tree species had no significant difference. For the study area, increasing the forest area will be an effective way to improve the water conservation function, planting evergreen conifers can rapidly improve the regional water conservation capacity, while planting deciduous conifers is of great benefit to long-term sustainable development.
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Pamukcu, Pinar, Nurgul Erdem, Yusuf Serengil, and Timothy O. Randhir. "Ecohydrologic modelling of water resources and land use for watershed conservation." Ecological Informatics 36 (November 2016): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2016.09.005.
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Li, Lin, Yan Mei Chen, and Yan Ping Wang. "The Water Conservation Capacity of the Ecotone of the Forest and Grassland in HulunBuir." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1875.
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Based on the remote sensing data and meteorological data of MODIS, this paper studied the water conservation capacity of different land use type of the ecotone of the forest and grassland in Hulun Buir with the help of the ArcGIS software. The results shows that the average of the water conservation capacity of 11 years of the whole ecotone of the forest and grassland in Hulun Buir is 62.78×108m3/yr. Among of these, the forest land accounts for 69.37% of the total water conservation capacity, and the grassland, the cultivated land and the unused land account for 23.36%, 3.67% and 3.60%. And the water conservation capacity of the four land use types presented a fluctuated improving trend. The average water conservation capacity in each year of the unit area of the ecotone achieved its maximum value, 498.43m3/hm2 ,in 2003, and achieved its minimum value,193.03m3/ hm2,in the year of 2007.
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Yang, Xiaonan, Wenyi Sun, Pengfei Li, Xingmin Mu, Peng Gao, and Guangju Zhao. "Integrating agricultural land, water yield and soil conservation trade-offs into spatial land use planning." Ecological Indicators 104 (September 2019): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.04.082.
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N*, Akshatha, and Shankar B. "Conservation Measures for Improving Land Use and Land Cover in Dalvoy Lake Environs of Mysore City." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 10, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a5831.0510121.
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In recent years of Indian urbanization, the structure of large cities is undergoing rapid land use and land cover changes in lake environs, particularly in Mysore. Mysore is one of the fastest growing tier II cities, located in southern part of Karnataka. The city comprises of several large and small water bodies viz, Karanji Lake, Dalvoy Lake, Kukkarahalli Lake and Devanoor Lake. These lakes play an important role in recharging ground water, regulates microclimate, home for flora and fauna, recreational place for each neighborhood involving in community participation, improve aesthetic of the city and finally influence living condition of the people. Due to rapid transformation of land use and landcover in Mysore has resulted in degradation of water bodies. Dalvoy Lake is one of the major Lakes in Mysore City and it is deteriorating as a result of land use change, growth of industries and urbanization pressures. The total catchment area of Dalvoy Lake is 2165 acres. According to sixth sustainable development goals (clean water and sanitation) targets to protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including wetlands, rivers, and lakes. This paper deals with land use and landcover changes and its analyzing around Dalvoy Lake and its catchment using Remote sensing data and ERDAS imagine software and propose sustainable strategies for environmental improvement and management of the lake.
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Wilson, G. L., B. J. Dalzell, D. J. Mulla, T. Dogwiler, and P. M. Porter. "Estimating water quality effects of conservation practices and grazing land use scenarios." Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 69, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 330–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.69.4.330.
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López, N., A. Márquez Romance, and E. Guevara Pérez. "Change dynamics of land-use and land-cover for tropical wetland management." Water Practice and Technology 15, no. 3 (June 12, 2020): 632–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.049.
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Abstract In hydrographic basins with wetlands, changes in land use (LU) and land cover (LC) impact the conservation of natural resources, leading to dynamics analysis for integral management. A method is proposed offering greater accuracy in determining the LU and LC bi-temporal and spatial change dynamics in tropical wetlands. LU and LC monitoring is based on Landsat images from 1986 to 2017. ‘Pre-classification’ and ‘post-classification’ methods are applied. In the former, reflectance image differencing and principal component N° 1 image differencing are analyzed to estimate the rate of change/no change area. In the latter, supervised classification is carried out of image pairs from different dates. The principal components method shows that principal component N° 1 collects between 88 and 93% of the reflectance variance in n spectral bands of each satellite image, which improves accuracy in determining LU and LC change dynamics.
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Zeng, Chen, Mingan Shao, Quanjiu Wang, and Jun Zhang. "Effects of land use on temporal-spatial variability of soil water and soil-water conservation." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 61, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09064710903352589.
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Chen, Liding, Wei Wei, Bojie Fu, and Yihe Lü. "Soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau in China: review and perspective." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 31, no. 4 (August 2007): 389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133307081290.
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The Loess Plateau, China, has long been suffering from serious soil erosion. About 2000 years ago, larger areas were used for grain production and soil erosion was thus becoming severe with increase in human activity. Severe soil and water loss led to widespread land degradation. During the past decades, great efforts were made in vegetation restoration to reduce soil erosion. However, the efficiency of vegetation restoration was not as satisfactory as expected due to water shortage. China initiated another state-funded scheme, the `Grain-for-Green' project in 1999, on the Loess Plateau to reduce soil erosion and improve land quality. However, the control of soil erosion effectively by land-use modification raised problems. In this paper, the lessons and experiences regarding soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau in the past decades are analysed first. Urgent problems are then elaborated, such as the contradiction between land resource and human population, shortage of water both in amount and tempospatial distribution for vegetation growth, weak awareness of the problems of soil conservation by local officials, and poor public participation in soil and water conservation. Finally, suggestions regarding soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau are given. In order to control soil erosion and improve vegetation, a scientific and detailed land-use plan for the Loess Plateau has to be made, in the first instance, and then planning for wise use of water resources should be undertaken to control mass movement effectively and to improve land productivity. Methods of improving public awareness of environmental conservation and public involvement in vegetation rehabilitation are also important.
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Suarsana, I. Wayan, I. Nyoman Merit, and I. Wayan Sandi Adnyana. "PREDIKSI EROSI, KLASIFIKASI KEMAMPUAN LAHAN DAN ARAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KECAMATAN BATURITI KABUPATEN TABANAN PROVINSI BALI." ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) 10, no. 2 (November 1, 2016): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2016.v10.i02.p11.
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Land resource damage caused by the land conversion and land use without regard to principles of conservation of soil and water. The damage resulted in the erosion is very high. Changes in land use without regard to principles of conservation of soil and water is currently happening in Baturiti District. Given this research can determine the level of erosion, soil and water conservation planning, land capability classification and proposed land use in Baturiti District. Erosion prediction using USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) to estimate the rate of erosion and also to get an idea the determination of soil and water conservation measures appropriate to the region. Determination of the land capability classification method Arsyad (1989) is by classifying land capability to classify land capability class based on the value of the limiting factor of land that is adjusted with land capability classification criteria. Determining of the proposed land use using the scoring method by combining the slope factor of the field, the soil sensitivity of the against erosion and the intensity of daily rainfall. Soil sampling is done by taking a total of 19 soil samples from a unit of land. The prediction results on each unit of land erosion in the area showed the level of erosion is very light covering an area of 11,70 ha, mild erosion area of 5.221,56 ha, erosion was an area of 88,10 ha, severe erosion area of 616.20 ha and very severe erosion area of 2.195,39 ha. Soil and water conservation measures required on land units with erosion prediction value exceeds the value erosion that can be tolerated so that the value could be below the value erosion erosion can be tolerated. Capability classification of the land in the study area consists of land capability class II with an area of 1489,39 ha, class III area of 827,39 ha, class IV with an area of 830.15 ha, class VI area of 1.373,79 ha, class VII covering 1.453,92 ha, class VIII covering an area of 2.176,31 ha. Tutorial use of land for the forest department is directed to the protected forest area covering an area of 2.458,00 ha. Tutorial use of land outside the forest area to protected area 1079.81 ha (13,27%), a buffer zone covering an area of 1.662,31 ha, annual crop cultivation area covering an area of 844.86 ha and seasonal crops cultivation area covering an area of 2.087,97 ha.
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Capitani, Claudia, Arnout van Soesbergen, Kusaga Mukama, Isaac Malugu, Boniface Mbilinyi, Nurdin Chamuya, Bas Kempen, et al. "Scenarios of Land Use and Land Cover Change and Their Multiple Impacts on Natural Capital in Tanzania." Environmental Conservation 46, no. 1 (September 18, 2018): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892918000255.
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SummaryReducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation plus the conservation of forest carbon stocks, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+) requires information on land-use and land-cover changes (LULCCs) and carbon emission trends from the past to the present and into the future. Here, we use the results of participatory scenario development in Tanzania to assess the potential interacting impacts on carbon stock, biodiversity and water yield of alternative scenarios where REDD+ is or is not effectively implemented by 2025, a green economy (GE) scenario and a business as usual (BAU) scenario, respectively. Under the BAU scenario, LULCCs will cause 296 million tonnes of carbon (MtC) national stock loss by 2025, reduce the extent of suitable habitats for endemic and rare species (mainly in encroached protected mountain forests) and change water yields. In the GE scenario, national stock loss decreases to 133 MtC. In this scenario, consistent LULCC impacts occur within small forest patches with high carbon density, water catchment capacity and biodiversity richness. Opportunities for maximizing carbon emission reductions nationally are largely related to sustainable woodland management, but also contain trade-offs with biodiversity conservation and changes in water availability.
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Negi, G. C. S. "The need for micro-scale and meso-scale hydrological research in the Himalayan mountains." Environmental Conservation 28, no. 2 (June 2001): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892901000091.
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Mountains are fragile ecosystems and globally important as water towers of the earth. Sustainable use of mountains depends upon conservation and optimal use of soil and water resources (Ives & Messerli 1989). Despite regional and global efforts to understand the hydrology of the Himalayan region, soil and water conservation (SWC) programmes in this region mainly rely upon engineering measures. For want of cost-effective vegetative (bioengineering) measures (Deoja et al. 1991), and land use and land cover conducive to SWC, the fragile Himalayan watersheds continue to lose soil and water at alarming rates.
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Randhir, Timothy O., and Ashley G. Hawes. "Watershed land use and aquatic ecosystem response: Ecohydrologic approach to conservation policy." Journal of Hydrology 364, no. 1-2 (January 2009): 182–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.10.017.
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Merta, M., C. Seidler, S. Bianchin, H. Heilmeier, and E. Richert. "Analysis of land use change in the Eastern Ore Mts. regarding both nature protection and flood prevention." Soil and Water Research 3, Special Issue No. 1 (June 30, 2008): S105—S115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1193-swr.
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Two different models (WBS FLAB, WaSiM-ETH) were used in the project HochNatur (flood prevention and nature conservation in the Weißeritz catchment in the Eastern Ore Mts. – Erzgebirge) to determine risk areas with quick runoff processes and to simulate the discharge. It was done in different scales, in the mesoscale Weißeritz catchment as well as two selected subcatchments with different natural and urban conditions, the Weißbach subcatchment with a well-structured landscape, the Höckenbach subcatchment with a greater part of arable land. On the basis of selected scenarios, the effect of land use changes on the runoff generation processes of an area and on the hydrograph is described. Land use changes are able to reduce the portion of quick runoff components, the water erosion and the discharge. The effect occurs especially in smaller catchments and with short heavy rains (events with a frequency of occurrence of 5–50 years). Depending on the present situation the changes have to include areas of more than 25% of the catchments area to cause a significant effect. It became apparent that nature conservation and flood prevention agree well in their requirements with the land use. A rich structured landscape proved to be extraordinarily positive for both, flood prevention and nature conservation.
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Haakh, F. "Water resources management within the water-protection zone of the “Donauried”: solving conflicts between water supply, ecology and agriculture." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 6-7 (September 1, 2002): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0663.
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One of the tasks of sustainable water-quality and resources management must be to resolve conflicts between its demands and those of agriculture and ecology. In most industrial countries, there are conflicts between the different requirements of water supply, i.e. water quality, and those of agriculture and the conservation of wetlands, i.e. water quantity. Solving these conflicts means a reorganisation of land use. A non-governmental committee has initiated a voluntary compromise program for the water-protection zone of the Donauried. On the basis of criteria assessing the significance of areas of land, a plan for the reorganisation of land use has been developed. Moreover, an action plan has been prepared; it includes steps for reducing nitrate, a program for reducing land-use intensity, a concept for re-wetting bog areas and an investigation into measures for optimising local water resources using a numerical groundwater model. This was accompanied by an economic evaluation of the measures.
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Nel, Lyndre. "Riparian conservation management needs habitat quality mapping." Columella : Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 7, no. 2 (2020): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18380/szie.colum.2020.7.2.15.
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Riparian habitat quality has a significant influence on the water quality of rivers, primary resources for urban and agricultural use. River water quality deteriorates where normal ecological functioning is disrupted by harmful impacts from nearby land-use types. Important rivers are typically managed and protected by government-led conservation programs. These programs often lack a key tool for efficient conservation management, habitat quality mapping. The Berg River, an important water source in South Africa, was used as a case-study to assess how habitat quality mapping could broaden the current scope of river conservation programs. The river faces threats from nearby urban settlements, industrial areas, mining, encroachment, and agricultural practices. The aim of this study was to develop habitat quality and habitat degradation maps for a section of the Berg River to assess the value that mapping holds for conservation managers and spatial planners. InVEST modelling software and ArcGIS was used to produce these habitat quality maps based on land-use/land-cover and threat impact data. The resulting maps showed several specific locations of heavily threatened and degraded riparian habitat that had not specifically been included in current government conservation management or spatial planning. Habitat quality mapping is an important tool that conservation managers and spatial planners can use to successfully address habitat degradation and protection while facing resource limitations, such as lack of funding. Oversight of degraded riparian habitats will lead to further decreases in river water quality, adversely affecting human welfare and local economies.
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Li, Xi Nan, Ping Xie, and Yong Zhu. "A Zonal Watershed Hydrological Model Considering Land use and Land Cover Change and its Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2201.
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In order to evaluate quantitatively the hydrology and water resources effects of land use and land cover change (LUCC), a zonal watershed hydrological model considering land use and land cover change (ZWHM-LUCC) was developed. According to the daily rainfall, evaporation and discharge data of Wuding River Basin during 1980~2000, the parameters of the model were calibrated and verified. The results show that coefficient of water balance (R) is 1.004 and the qualified rate of annual runoff depth (DR) is86.67% during calibration period 1986~2000 and the R is 0.938 and the DR is 66.67% during calibration verification 1980~1985. The calculated results indicate that this model has good adaptability in Wuding River Basin. The different scenarios of land use/land cover were analyzed by the model, with 2000 year as base year, 13 scenarios were designed, which be helpful to study water-economy-ecology interactions and natural-social dualistic, and provide the scientific basis for Wuding river basin water and soil conservation planning and water resources planning.
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Giełda-Pinas, Katarzyna, Arika Ligmann-Zielińska, and Zbigniew Zwoliński. "Land use and land cover changes simulated with agent-based modelling for water conservation at catchment scale." Limnological Review 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2015-0011.
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Abstract Various factors influence the spatial and temporal patterns of land cover and land use in lakeland landscapes. Land use/cover change (LUCC) is one of the crucial factors influencing both natural processes that occur in lakelands and lakes and anthropogenic processes, which intensify these changes. Therefore, LUCC at a local and regional scale may be treated as an important geoindicator for the functioning of the lakeland landscape. Nowadays, LUCC mostly depends on different human decisions. In the existing literature, the consequences of negative changes have already been widely recognized. Conversely, in this paper, we focus on the possible positive effects of LUCC. To that end, we built an agent-based model to show how selected human decisions may positively influence lakeland landscapes and lakes. We apply the model to the Gniezno Lakeland, Poland. Based on the environmental decisions of farmers, the model demonstrates how the LUCC pattern may change in time and space and how those changes may influence freshwater quality in four individual lake catchments of the Gniezno Lakeland.
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Aditya Dwifebri Christian Wibowo, Mahawan Karuniasa, and Dwita Sutjiningsih. "Pemodelan Tutupan Lahan Untuk Menjamin Keberlanjutan Debit Sungai (Suatu Studi Di Sub DAS Cikapundung-Maribaya)." IJEEM - Indonesian Journal of Environmental Education and Management 6, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/ijeem.062.01.
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Changes in land use in the Cikapundung watershed, ie changes in forest land to built-up land, have an impact on the quantity of river water. Changes in land use in the Cikapundung River catchment are not ideal conditions for absorbing water. If land conversion is not controlled, it can have a large impact on reducing the availability of water resources for subordinate areas or what is called water scarcity. Analysis that takes into account land use and discharge can be done with several hydrological analysis methods, one of them is the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method. Based on the calculation, the CN value was changed in 2014 from 57.275 to 62.591 where land cover changes began to occur.
Keywords: land use, river water, water scarcity, hydrology, CN value
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Liu, Mengzhu, Leilei Min, Jingjing Zhao, Yanjun Shen, Hongwei Pei, Hongjuan Zhang, and Yali Li. "The Impact of Land Use Change on Water-Related Ecosystem Services in the Bashang Area of Hebei Province, China." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020716.
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Land use change is an important scientific issue recognized for its potential to alter ecosystem services (ESs), especially water-related ecosystem services (WRESs). Using the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs (InVEST) model, this study quantified and mapped spatiotemporal variations in land use and corresponding WRESs in the Bashang area of Hebei Province, China (BAHP) to investigate how land use change impacted WRESs by means of scenario analysis, especially, in which a new evaluation indicator, average ecology effect (AEE) was proposed and well applied. The results indicated that woodland expansion (+602.61 km2) and grassland shrinkage (−500.57 km2) dominated the land use change in the BAHP in 2000–2018, which altered local WRESs, including the moderate declines in water purification and water yield, as well as a significant enhancement in soil conservation. In scenario analysis, compared to baseline levels, riparian woodland buffer and planting trees scenarios slightly decreased water yield but strengthened water purification and soil conservation; reclaiming wasteland and integrated development scenarios significantly enhanced soil conservation but lowered water yield and water purification; fertilizer reduction scenario effectively mitigated water deterioration. According to AEE, the riparian woodland buffer (RWB) scenario performed greater than the planting trees (PT) scenario on variations of WRESs per unit area, which differed completely from the results based on total variations. Overall, a multiple-scale indicator for a comprehensive evaluation of ESs should receive more attention.
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Kristofery, Leonard, Kukuh Murtilaksono, and Dwi Putro Tejo Baskoro. "Simulation of Land Use Change Against The Hidrological Characteristics of The Ciliman Watershed." Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan 21, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitl.21.2.66-71.
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The Ciliman Watershed is one of the watersheds in Kabupeten Lebak and Kabupaten Pandeglang with a total area ± 500 km2. According to report of Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) Serang City, flooding often occurs in the Ciliman watershed because of the overflow of the Ciliman tributaries, this occurs because of the conversion of land use in the upstream area of Ciliman watershed so that during the rainy season, rainwater does not seep into the ground but directly into runoff. The aims of the research is to simulate several soil and water conservation as an effort to better manage the Ciliman watershed and determine the best land use scenario in accordance with the biophysical Ciliman watershed. This study applied SWAT model as a tool to simulate several soil and water conservation technical at Ciliman watershed. The scenarios simulated were: 0) existing condition, 1) application of forest area functions, 2) application of soil and water conservation techniques using RTK RHL, 3) application of regional spatial planning (RTRW). The results showed that scenario 2 (RTK RHL) was the best scenario by overall. Scenario 2 can reduce the Qmax/Q min ratio by 31.63% compared to other scenarios. And also can reduce coefficient of runoff by 24% and direct runoff by 23.55% and increase baseflow by 16.20% and water yield by 1.77%.
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Thomas, T. H., D. Harding, R. Hattey, and W. D. Martin. "Land use in the hills and uplands." BSAP Occasional Publication 10 (1985): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00030809.
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AbstractThe paper summarises briefly the current status of the major land using activities in the hills and uplands. The dominant land use roles of agriculture and forestry arc explained, as are other uses of recreation, water provision and wild life and landscape conservation. Land use competition in the hills and uplands is seen as the end result of conflicting policy objectives pursued by the major rural resource planning agencies over the past 50 years. The role of these agencies is analysed, as is their ability to meet their objectives in competition with each other. Finally, an attempt is made to establish a quantitative framework within which the interests of the various groups are recognised and priorities in land use can be determined.
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Simedo, M. B. L., A. L. M. Martins, T. C. T. Pissarra, M. C. Lopes, R. C. A. Costa, R. F. Valle-Junior, L. C. Campanelli, N. E. T. Rojas, and E. L. Finoto. "Effect of watershed land use on water quality: a case study in Córrego da Olaria Basin, São Paulo State, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 78, no. 4 (February 5, 2018): 625–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.168423.
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Abstract The water quality is related to the hydrologic and limnologic properties of ground and surface water, and significant efforts have been made to monitor water sources to understand the effects of land use changes in agricultural areas, with significant socioeconomic activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the qualitative aspects of surface water in subbasins related to land use. Samples were analyzed in terms of physical and chemical parameters on monthly discrete water quality sampling in four representative sites at first order subbasin streams, located at the Polo Regional Centro Norte, Pindorama County, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The land use classification was made by visual detection technique in a multispectral satellite data obtained from LandSat8- spectral bands of the OLI sensor. The watershed was classified into major land cover/use classes and overlay maps generated in ArcGIS 10 indicated a significant shift from natural vegetation to agriculture activities. Water quality monitoring was according to the brazilian protocol and the results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The values obtained differ significantly at each sampling point - subbasins, reflecting the effects of land use on water quality. Soil conservation management is important to optimize soil use in order to contribute to the control of water pollution and the formulation of a public policy is necessary for the conservation of water and soil resources.
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Li, Zuzheng, Xiaoqin Cheng, and Hairong Han. "Future Impacts of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Services under Different Scenarios in the Ecological Conservation Area, Beijing, China." Forests 11, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050584.
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Ecosystem services (ES), defined as benefits provided by the ecosystem to society, are essential to human well-being. However, it remains unclear how they will be affected by land-use changes due to lack of knowledge and data gaps. Therefore, understanding the response mechanism of ecosystem services to land-use change is critical for developing systematic and sound land planning. In this study, we aimed to explore the impacts of land-use change on the three ecosystem services, carbon storage (CS), flood regulation (FR), and soil conservation (SC), in the ecological conservation area of Beijing, China. We first projected land-use changes from 2015 to 2030, under three scenarios, i.e., Business as Usual (BAU), Ecological Land Protection (ELP), and Rapid Economic Development (RED), by interactively integrating the Markov model (Quantitative simulation) with the GeoSOS-FLUS model (Spatial arrangement), and then quantified the three ecosystem services by using a spatially explicit InVEST model. The results showed that built-up land would have the most remarkable growth during 2015–2030 under the RED scenario (2.52% increase) at the expense of cultivated and water body, while forest land is predicted to increase by 152.38 km2 (1.36% increase) under the ELP scenario. The ELP scenario would have the highest amount of carbon storage, flood regulation, and soil conservation, due to the strict protection policy on ecological land. The RED scenario, in which a certain amount of cultivated land, water body, and forest land is converted to built-up land, promotes soil conservation but triggers greater loss of carbon storage and flood regulation capacity. The conversion between land-use types will affect trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services, in which carbon storage would show significant positive correlation with soil conservation through the period of 2015 to 2030, under all scenarios. Together, our results provide a quantitative scientific report that policymakers and land managers can use to identify and prioritize the best practices to sustain ecosystem services, by balancing the trade-offs among services.
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Gabiri, Geofrey, Bernd Diekkrüger, Kristian Näschen, Constanze Leemhuis, Roderick van der Linden, Jackson-Gilbert Mwanjalolo Majaliwa, and Joy Apiyo Obando. "Impact of Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Change on the Water Resources of a Tropical Inland Valley Catchment in Uganda, East Africa." Climate 8, no. 7 (June 29, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8070083.
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The impact of climate and land use/land cover (LULC) change continues to threaten water resources availability for the agriculturally used inland valley wetlands and their catchments in East Africa. This study assessed climate and LULC change impacts on the hydrological processes of a tropical headwater inland valley catchment in Uganda. The hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to analyze climate and LULC change impacts on the hydrological processes. An ensemble of six regional climate models (RCMs) from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment for two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, were used for climate change assessment for historical (1976–2005) and future climate (2021–2050). Four LULC scenarios defined as exploitation, total conservation, slope conservation, and protection of headwater catchment were considered. The results indicate an increase in precipitation by 7.4% and 21.8% of the annual averages in the future under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. Future wet conditions are more pronounced in the short rainy season than in the long rainy season. Flooding intensity is likely to increase during the rainy season with low flows more pronounced in the dry season. Increases in future annual averages of water yield (29.0% and 42.7% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively) and surface runoff (37.6% and 51.8% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively) relative to the historical simulations are projected. LULC and climate change individually will cause changes in the inland valley hydrological processes, but more pronounced changes are expected if the drivers are combined, although LULC changes will have a dominant influence. Adoption of total conservation, slope conservation and protection of headwater catchment LULC scenarios will significantly reduce climate change impacts on water resources in the inland valley. Thus, if sustainable climate-smart management practices are adopted, the availability of water resources for human consumption and agricultural production will increase.
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Fleming, Bill, and Jeanie Puleston Fleming. "A watershed conservation success story in Nepal: Land use changes over 30 years." Waterlines 28, no. 1 (January 2009): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2009.004.
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Suwartha, Nyoman, Ikhwan Maulani, Cindy Rianti Priadi, Elzavira Felaza, Tri Tjahjono, and Gita Lestari Putri. "Mapping land use suitability for development of recharge wells in the Ciliwung watershed, Indonesia." Water Practice and Technology 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2017.022.
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Rapid population growth and the need to mitigate the impact of rainfall-runoff has made groundwater conservation a significant environmental issue in Indonesia's Ciliwung Watershed. The availability of recharge wells in developed areas is essential for groundwater conservation and runoff reduction. Selection of suitable locations for the construction of recharge wells depends on a combination of factors such as topography, soil layers, land use, and climatology. This study of land suitability for recharge well development in the Ciliwung Watershed, an area of heterogenous land use, employed GPS-based weighted data on technical geology, soil type, soil hydrology group, groundwater level, slope, average rainfall, and land use. Mathematical simulations were performed to develop a land suitability map. The findings indicate that only 2% of the total area (in Cisarua, Bogor) is ideal for the construction of recharge wells, and that 48% of existing recharge wells in the Jakarta area are situated in a suitable zone. The results provide a basis for technical recommendations for future construction of recharge wells in the Ciliwung Watershed.
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Kovach, Ryan P., Clint C. Muhlfeld, Robert Al-Chokhachy, Jeffrey V. Ojala, and Eric K. Archer. "Effects of land use on summer thermal regimes in critical salmonid habitats of the Pacific Northwest." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 5 (May 2019): 753–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0165.
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The effect of climate change on stream temperature regimes is of significant concern to natural resource managers focused on protecting cold-water-dependent species. Nevertheless, understanding of how human land-use activities may act to exacerbate the effects of climate change on stream temperature regimes is limited. Using extensive stream temperature data with high-resolution climate and habitat data, we quantified how land management activities are related to summer stream temperatures across the Pacific Northwest, USA. We then described the distribution of land management practices influencing summer thermal regimes relative to the distribution of salmonid fish species of conservation concern. After accounting for climatic and geophysical variation, we detected a strong relationship between livestock grazing and summer thermal regimes. Maximum, average, and diel variation in water temperature was greater where livestock grazing was present. Livestock grazing was widespread, occurring in 43%–100% of sites supporting salmonid species of conservation concern. Thus, current land management practices may be intensifying the effects of ongoing climate change in freshwater habitats, acting to further threaten cold-water fishes of conservation concern.
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Nambajimana, Jean de Dieu, Xiubin He, Ji Zhou, Meta Francis Justine, Jinlin Li, Dil Khurram, Richard Mind’je, and Gratien Nsabimana. "Land Use Change Impacts on Water Erosion in Rwanda." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010050.
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Rwanda has experienced accelerated soil erosion as a result of unsustainable human activities and changes in land use. Therefore, this study aimed at applying the RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) model using GIS (Geographical Information System) and remote sensing to assess water erosion in Rwanda, focusing on the erosion-prone lands for the time span 2000 to 2015. The estimated mean annual soil losses were 48.6 t ha−1 y−1 and 39.2 t ha−1 y−1 in 2000 and 2015, respectively, resulting in total nationwide losses of approximately 110 and 89 million tons. Over the 15 years, 34.6% of the total area of evaluated LULC (land use/land cover) types have undergone changes. The highest mean soil loss of 91.6 t ha−1 y−1 occurred in the area changing from grassland to forestland (0.5%) while a mean soil loss of 10.0 t ha−1 y−1 was observed for grassland converting to cropland (4.4%). An attempt has been made to identify the embedded driving forces of soil erosion in Rwanda. As a result, we found that mean soil loss for Rwanda’s districts in 2015 was significantly correlated with poverty (r = 0.45, p = 0.013), increased use of chemical fertilizers (r = 0.77, p = 0.005), and especially was related to extreme poverty (r = 0.77, p = 0.000). The soil conservation scenario analysis for Rwanda’s cropland in 2015 revealed that terracing could reduce the soil loss by 24.8% (from 14.6 t ha−1 y−1 to 11.7 t ha−1 y−1). Most importantly, the study suggests that (1) terracing integrated with mulching and cover crops could effectively control water erosion while ameliorating soil quality and fertility, and (2) reforestation schemes targeting the rapid-growing tree species are therefore recommended as an important feature for erosion control in the study area.
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Li, Zi Jun, and Can Juan Gong. "Spatio-Temporal Change of Land Use and Land Cover in Chao River Basin Based on GIS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 3498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.3498.
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Spatio-temporal change of land use and land cover from 1985 to 2005 in Chao River Basin, the important water source to Miyun Reservoir, was analyzed based on GIS technology. The results showed that woodland was the main land cover type in the basin, and then the arable land and grassland. During 1985-2005, the area of woodland increased, while the area of grassland greatly reduced. Changes of land use and land cover were more violent from 1985 to 1995 than that from 1995 to 2005. There were obvious regional differences in land use change in the basin. The conversion from grassland to woodland was the dominant process of LUCC in the basin, and this was relevant to the national ecological construction policies on water resources conservation.
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Wang, Liang-Jie, Shuai Ma, Yong-Peng Qiao, and Jin-Chi Zhang. "Simulating the Impact of Future Climate Change and Ecological Restoration on Trade-Offs and Synergies of Ecosystem Services in Two Ecological Shelters and Three Belts in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 7849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217849.
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Development of suitable ecological protection and restoration policies for sustainable management needs to assess the potential impacts of future land use and climate change on ecosystem services. The two ecological shelters and three belts (TSTB) are significant for improving ecosystem services and ensuring China’s and global ecological security. In this study, we simulated land use in 2050 and estimated the spatial distribution pattern of net primary productivity (NPP), water yield, and soil conservation from 2010 to 2050 under future climate change. The results showed that water yield, NPP, and soil conservation exhibited a spatial pattern of decreasing from southeast to northwest, while in terms of the temporal pattern, water yield and NPP increased, but soil conservation decreased. Water yield was mainly influenced by precipitation, NPP was affected by temperature and implementation of ecological restoration, and soil conservation was controlled by precipitation and slope. There was a strong spatial heterogeneity between trade-offs and synergies. In terms of the temporal, with the combination of climate change and ecological restoration, there was a synergistic relationship between water yield and NPP. However, the relationships between water yield and soil conservation, and between NPP and soil conservation were characterized by trade-offs. In the process of ecological construction, it is necessary to consider the differences between overall and local trade-offs and synergies, as well as formulate sustainable ecological management policies according to local conditions. Understanding the response of ecosystem services to future climate change and land use policies can help address the challenges posed by climate change and achieve sustainable management of natural resources.
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Ai Nurhayati, Siti, Arwin Sabar, and Mariana Marselina. "The effect of land use changes to discharge extremities in Cimahi Watershed – Upper Citarum Watershed, West Java." E3S Web of Conferences 148 (2020): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014807002.
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The development of cities and regencies in the Cimahi watershed area increases the rate of population growth which results in high land requirements in the Cimahi watershed area. Land se change affects the flow of runoff and debit of the Cimahi River. The purpose of this research is to assess the hydrological function area in the Cimahi watershed, the impact of the land use change and to analyze the effect of landuse change in the Cimahi watershed on the extremity of water resources in terms of both quantity and quality. The natural conservation index and the actual conservation index (IKA and IKC) are used as a parameter to indicate the existing hydrological conditions and ideal hydrological conditions for conservation which are calculated based on rainfall, rock type, slope, height and land use. The results of the conservation index showed that there was a decrease in the value of the IKC from 0.637 in 2000 to 0.608 in 2012. The debit extremity could be seen based on the calculations by moving averages on the debit data, and the resulting maximum debit value was greater and the value of the base flow (baseflow) was getting smaller. Land changes in the Cimahi watershed also had an influence on the river water quality.
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Osemeobo, Gbadebo Jonathan. "Animal Wildlife Conservation under Multiple Land-use Systems in Nigeria." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 3 (1988): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900029386.
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To conserve a resource without having adequate data and finance is difficult and frustrating. The situation of wildlife in Nigeria is nevertheless different. Except in the Yankari, Upper Ogun, and Kwiabaha, Game Reserves, and the Kainji Lake National Park, little efforts have been made to protect the Nigerian animal wildlife resources from human pressure and widespread extinction. To many, what remains of the wild animals are best seen in the few state-owned zoological gardens in Nigeria. However, because most indigenous large animal species—including Elephant, Buffalo, Chimpanzee, Gorilla, Rhinoceros, Leopard, and Ostrich—have not been able to reproduce in the various zoological gardens so far, the hope to conserve these animals is brittle. The questions are, what factors are working against wildlife conservation? Indeed, what hopes exist for Nigerian animal wildlife?Animal wildlife is a declining resource in Nigeria because of unplanned land-use practices. For example, landuses in game reserves are often conflicting and contradictory. Four land-uses: timber extraction, hunting, food-crop production, and settlement, are simultaneously going on in game reserves, with little or no control measures and with no management plans. The excessive demands for land for these conflicting uses have greatly disturbed the ecosystems involved, thus making the survival of the wild animals uncertain. Specifically, the problems of wildlife conservation in Nigeria are: (a) poaching; (b) indiscriminate burning of the vegetation; (c) uncontrolled grazing activities in the reserves; (d) intensive logging for domestic and industrial uses; (e) user rights on the reserves enjoyed by the traditional owners of the land before reservation; (f) lack of adequate funds to manage the reserves; (g) ineffective legislation; (h) lack of trained manpower; (i) urban sprawl; and (j) infrastructural development of roads, electric and telegraph lines, and irrigation schemes, all within the game reserves.The future for Nigerian animal wildlife depends on the nation's ability to conserve what is left either in their natural habitat or, at least, in zoological gardens. The task is not simple under conditions of economic depression, with inadequate manpower and without effective management of game reserves. In these circumstances, the game reserves should be reduced to manageable numbers, while state governments should win public sympathy through adequate conservation publicity and the provision of sufficient vehicles and personnel to manage the game reserves.The policy of land-use in game reserves should be reviewed, while researches should be conducted on (a) the levels of land-use that could be consistent with maintaining wild animals in the reserves, (b) the number and species of animals hunted per year, (c) the population of animal species in the game reserves and their habitat suitability, (d) the endangered and extinct animal species and specific reasons for the decline in their populations, and (e) human problems peculiar to each reserve and ways of minimizing them.
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LENSE, GUILHERME HENRIQUE EXPEDITO, TAYA CRISTO PARREIRAS, RODRIGO SANTOS MOREIRA, JUNIOR CESAR AVANZI, and RONALDO LUIZ MINCATO. "EFFECT OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER ON SOIL EROSION." Revista Caatinga 34, no. 1 (January 2021): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n110rc.
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ABSTRACT Land use and land cover changes are the main factors of human influence on the erosive process. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of land use and land cover changes over 30 years on water erosion in a tropical subbasin in southeastern Brazil. The hypothesis was tested that the expansion of coffee and reforestation areas decreased soil losses due to water erosion. The Potential Erosion Method (EPM) was used to estimate water erosion in 1988, 1998, 2008 and 2018. In the first two decades, the predominant land use in the subbasin was corn, while in 2008 and 2018, coffee and reforestation areas became the main land use class in the area. The acquisition of EPM input parameters and data analysis was performed using remote sensing techniques and the Geographic Information System. Between 1988 and 1998, the total soil loss increased by 50.36 Mg year-1 due to the conversion of pasturelands to coffee plantations and the increase of deforestation. However, between 1998 and 2018, there was a soil loss reduction of 660.21 Mg year-1 (-37.46%), once the conversion of pasture and corn areas to coffee with the adoption of conservation practices, and the expansion of reforestation areas among 1988 - 2018, contributed to the decrease of soil erosion rates.
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Dionizio, Emily, and Marcos Costa. "Influence of Land Use and Land Cover on Hydraulic and Physical Soil Properties at the Cerrado Agricultural Frontier." Agriculture 9, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9010024.
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Western Bahia is one of the most active agricultural frontiers in the world, which raises concern about its natural resources conservation, especially regarding water availability. This study evaluated the influence of five different land uses and land covers on physical and hydraulic soil properties, and developed pedotransfer functions to derive regional hydraulic properties. Significant changes between physical and hydraulic soil properties under agricultural areas and under natural vegetation cover were found, reinforcing that agricultural activity may influence the soil water balance. Cerrado and Forest formation areas have higher infiltration rates ( K s a t ) compared to managed areas, with average values of 16.29 cm h−1, and 14.47 cm h−1, while irrigated croplands, rainfed croplands and pasture areas have much smaller infiltration rates, with K s a t equal to 3.01 cm h−1, 6.22 cm h−1 and 5.01 cm h−1, respectively. Our results suggest that the agriculture practices do not directly affect the vertical nature of hydrological flowpath, except in the case of intensive irrigated agriculture areas, where K s a t reduction can lead to erosive processes favoring organic matter losses, and decreases in productivity and soil quality. Impacts of land use change on hydraulic and physical soil properties are a reality in the Cerrado agriculture frontier and there is an urgent need to monitor how these changes occur over time to develop effective mitigation strategies of soil and water conservation.
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Fritzsons, Elenice, and Luis Eduardo Mantovani. "PROTECTION OF RIPARIAN FORESTS AND WATER QUALITY IN A BASIN IN THE ATLANTIC FOREST BIOME." FLORESTA 51, no. 2 (March 16, 2021): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v51i2.62957.
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AbstractThe water quality of a drainage basin depends on the vegetation and soil of the region, land use and riparian forests, which act as a filter to protect the watercourse. For three years, we monitored several water quality parameters (turbidity, color, pH, conductivity, dissolved solids, alkalinity, and nitrate and chloride concentrations) in six adjacent microbasins to assess how riparian forests and land use affect water quality. The location is part of the Atlantic forest biome, with high-altitude humid subtropical climate and mixed ombrophilous forests. We designed a land use charter of the basin and a conflict map for fluvial permanent preservation areas. Land use included mainly natural forests, forestry, buildings, agriculture, and pastures. The multiple correlation analyses included: the water quality parameters, conflicts with permanent preservation areas, and land uses in river basins. In 51% of the basin, land uses complied with fluvial PPA legislation, but in 49% we found conflicts with other land use typologies and a lack of riparian forests. The quality of the water changed throughout the seasons and when fluvial PPAs conflicted with agriculture, buildings, and pastures. The different land uses in the basins did not influence the parameters of water quality and the same occurred with precipitation on water quality.
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Cagle, Alexander E., Alona Armstrong, Giles Exley, Steven M. Grodsky, Jordan Macknick, John Sherwin, and Rebecca R. Hernandez. "The Land Sparing, Water Surface Use Efficiency, and Water Surface Transformation of Floating Photovoltaic Solar Energy Installations." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 2, 2020): 8154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198154.
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Floating photovoltaic solar energy installations (FPVs) represent a new type of water surface use, potentially sparing land needed for agriculture and conservation. However, standardized metrics for the land sparing and resource use efficiencies of FPVs are absent. These metrics are critical to understanding the environmental and ecological impacts that FPVs may potentially exhibit. Here, we compared techno-hydrological and spatial attributes of four FPVs spanning different climatic regimes. Next, we defined and quantified the land sparing and water surface use efficiency (WSUE) of each FPV. Lastly, we coined and calculated the water surface transformation (WST) using generation data at the world’s first FPV (Far Niente Winery, California). The four FPVs spare 59,555 m2 of land and have a mean land sparing ratio of 2.7:1 m2 compared to ground-mounted PVs. Mean direct and total capacity-based WSUE is 94.5 ± 20.1 SD Wm−2 and 35.2 ± 27.4 SD Wm−2, respectively. Direct and total generation-based WST at Far Niente is 9.3 and 13.4 m2 MWh−1 yr−1, respectively; 2.3 times less area than ground-mounted utility-scale PVs. Our results reveal diverse techno-hydrological and spatial attributes of FPVs, the capacity of FPVs to spare land, and the utility of WSUE and WST metrics.
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F. Recher, Harry. "The past, future and present of biodiversity conservation in Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 8, no. 1 (2002): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020008.
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Australia has a poor record for biodiversity conservation. Government and community priorities promote growth and resource exploitation over conservation and ecologically sustainable land and water use. Programmes to protect biodiversity are inadequate, poorly funded, and inappropriate. Consequently, Australia has a large extinction debt and the 21st Century will see massive losses of continental biodiversity. Because birds are well known, these trends are already evident among Australia's avifauna and illustrate the magnitude of the problems facing biodiversity conservation in 21st Century Australia. Only by ending land clearing, limiting population growth, and adopting scientifically based land and water management and conservation practices can these trends be reversed. This is unlikely, as Australia's largely urban population is ill-informed, while the scientific community is marginalized and the agenda of green groups perpetuates the status quo.
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Fauzi, Yulian, Boko Susilo, and Zulfia Memi Mayasari. "Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan Wilayah Pesisir Kota Bengkulu melalui Perancangan Model Spasial dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG)." Forum Geografi 23, no. 2 (December 20, 2009): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v23i2.5002.
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This research is aimed to alocate land management and use coastal and ocean area Sub-Province base on digital through Geographical Information System (GIS). This research was done in the coastal area Kota Bengkulu, through spatial alocate analysis and land suitability analysis for brackish water fish ponds, maritime tourism and conservation areas. Approach used in this research is spatial analysis to parameter/variable and land suitability criteria consist of element abiotik, biotik, culture, and spatial use (RTRW). Land suitability analysis is done by using SIG through overlay technique. Result of research indicate that from 7 sub district of coastal area of exist in Kota Bengkulu, land suitability (S1) for brackish water fish ponds are found in sub-district Muara Bangkahulu and Kampung Melayu. Land suitability (S1) for the maritime tourism are found in sub-district Teluk Segara and Ratu Samban, while Land suitability (S1) for conservation area of are found in sub-district Kampung Melayu.
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Li, Zuzheng, Xiaoqin Cheng, and Hairong Han. "Analyzing Land-Use Change Scenarios for Ecosystem Services and their Trade-Offs in the Ecological Conservation Area in Beijing, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 20, 2020): 8632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228632.
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It is generally believed that land-use changes can affect a variety of ecosystem services (ES), but the relationships involved remain unclear due to a lack of systematic knowledge and gaps in data. In order to make rational decisions for land-use planning that is grounded in a systematic understanding of trade-offs between different land-use strategies, it is very important to understand the response mechanisms of various ecosystem services to changes in land-use. Therefore, the objective of our study is to assess the effects of land-use change on six ecosystem services and their trade-offs among the ecosystem services in the ecological conservation area (ECA) in Beijing, China. To do this, we projected future land-use in 2030 under three different scenarios: Business as Usual (BAU), Ecological Protection (ELP), and Rapid Urban Development (RUD), using GeoSOS-FLUS model. Then, we quantified six ecosystem services (carbon storage, soil conservation, water purification, habitat quality, flood regulation, and food production) in response to land-use changes from 2015 to 2030, using a spatially explicit InVEST model. Finally, we illustrated the trade-offs and/or synergistic relationships between each ecosystem service quantified under each of the different scenarios in 2030. Results showed that built-up land is projected to increase by 281.18 km2 at the cost of water bodies and cultivated land from 2015 to 2030 under the RUD scenario, while forest land is projected to increase by 152.38 km2 under the ELP scenario. The carbon storage, soil conservation, habitat quality, and the sum of ecosystem services (SES) would enrich the highest level under the ELP scenario. Land-use strategies that follow the ELP scenario can better maintain the ecosystem services and sustainable development of natural and social economic systems.
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Yan, Xi Feng, Zu Min Qiu, Jing Lan Wang, Feng Liu, and Dan Nan Liu. "Spatial and Temporal Change of Land Use and its Impact on Water Quality of Poyang Lake Region." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.753.
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As an important influencing factor of global environmental change, land use change has always been the hot issues of geography study. Taking Poyang Lake region as an example the relationship between land use and ecological protection was expounded. Analyzed the comprehensive summarize to the Land use change, retrospected the development history of the Land use change, and also analyzed and depicted the current research field. The exploitation and conservation of the Poyang Lake international importance wetland are of importance for the ecologic environment in Jiangxi province.This paper is to summarize the status of land use change in the Poyang lake region refer to those research results before,finally some effective solutions were proposed.
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Rissman, Adena R., Molly C. Daniels, Peter Tait, Xiaojing Xing, and Ann L. Brower. "Conservation and privatization decisions in land reform of New Zealand’s high country." Environmental Conservation 48, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892921000126.
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SummaryNeoliberal land reforms to increase economic development have important implications for biodiversity conservation. This paper investigates land reform in New Zealand’s South Island that divides leased state-owned stations (ranches) with private grazing leases into state-owned conservation land, private land owned by the former leaseholder and private land under protective covenant (similar to conservation easement). Conserved lands had less threatened vegetation, lower productivity, less proximity to towns and steeper slopes than privatized lands. Covenants on private land were more common in intermediate zones with moderate land-use productivity and slope. Lands identified with ecological or recreational ‘significant inherent values’ were more likely to shift into conserved or covenant status. Yet among lands with identified ecological values, higher-threat areas were more likely to be privatized than lower-threat areas. This paper makes two novel contributions: (1) quantitatively examining the role of scientific recommendations about significant inherent values in land reform outcomes; and (2) examining the use of conservation covenants on privatized land. To achieve biodiversity goals, it is critical to avoid or prevent the removal of land-use restrictions beyond protected areas.
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Xu, Kaipeng, Yanyan Chi, Rongfeng Ge, Xiahui Wang, and Siyang Liu. "Land use changes in Zhangjiakou from 2005 to 2025 and the importance of ecosystem services." PeerJ 9 (September 23, 2021): e12122. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12122.
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Changes in local land use affect regional ecological services, development planning, and optimal use of space. We analyzed the effects of changes in land use from 2000 to 2025 on the spatial distribution of ecosystem services using CLUS-S modeling to evaluate ecosystem functions in Zhangjiakou, China. We found that the urban ecosystem area in Zhangjiakou increased and farmland decreased between 2000–2025. Water conservation was relatively high and was concentrated in the nature reserves of southern Zhangjiakou. Soil conservation was mainly distributed in eastern and southern counties. The results of the CLUE-S model showed that the relative operating characteristics of the six land use types were > 0.70, and the logistic regression equation was able to successfully explain the distribution pattern of the different types of land use.
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Fonsêca, Nathan C., Giselle L. Moreira, José Nailson B. Santos, Marília Isabelle O. da Silva, Máida Cynthia D. de Lima, Ana Jéssica S. Barbosa, Jéssica Stéfane A. Cunha, Diogo José O. Pimentel, Flávio Cipriano de A. do Carmo, and Felipe S. Amorim. "Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of Vegetation Cover in a Diversity Hotspot for the Conservation of Brazilian Cerrado." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 15 (September 15, 2019): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n15p200.
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This work investigates the spatial-temporal dynamics of land use and vegetation covers in a conservation area of Cerrado, in the county of Currais, Piauí, in which the economy depends on large agricultural projects. We used maps of a 32-year time series (1985 to 2017) of land use and cover provided by the Brazilian Annual Land Use and Land Cover Mapping Project (MapBiomas). We assessed six classes of land uses and vegetation covers: forest, savanna, grassland, agriculture/pasture, non-vegetated area, and water bodies. There was a fast increase in pressure on natural ecosystems from 1985 and 2017, primarily from 2000. The land use for agriculture and pasture increased from 0.26% (726.93 ha) in 2000 to 16% (50,772.63 ha) in 2017. During this period, the native vegetation decreased 15.90%, with savannas suffering the largest loss in hectares of vegetation (41,663.73 ha), followed by the forests (9,837.35 ha). The grassland cover, non-vegetated area, and water bodies remained unchanged. These results provide essential information for decision making and can be used to guide public policies for the conservation, monitoring, and sustainable management of remnant vegetation areas.
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Sulastri, Sulastri, I. Wayan Sandi Adnyana, and I. Nyoman Merit. "PERENCANAAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PREDIKSI EROSI DAN KLASIFIKASI KEMAMPUAN LAHAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI KOLOH PASIRAN LOMBOK TIMUR." ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2015.v09.i01.p08.
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Erosion is a form of land degradation is very serious in Koloh Pasiran watershed. This condition perceived more severe by the fact that the understanding of the process of saving the natural resources of forest, soil and water have not received maximum attention. This is evidenced by the presence of illegal logging, forest fires around the area of the watershed during the dry season and flooding during every rainy season. Therefore, the research conducted with the aim to: 1) determine the level of erosion and soil and water conservation planning in the Koloh Pasiran watershed, 2) determine the land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed and 3) to plan land use capability classes based on erosion rate. Observations and sampling of soil samples for prediction of erosion, soil conservation and classification approach according, planning based on common land unit. This land unit maps obtained from the land use maps overlay by slope, soil and land use maps done by estimating the magnitude of the erosion equation USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) of Wischmeier and Smit (1978). Determine land capability class with land capability classification approach according Arsyad (1989). Land use planning and soil and water conservation in addition to using USLE equation also uses land capability classification according Arsyad (1989). The results show the level of erosion prediction calculation slight to very severe erosion. Mixture of garden soil with a 2% slope erosion rates relatively slight. Dry land with a slope of 2% classified as severe erosion and the shrub land with a slope of 2-3% erosion classified as severe to very severe. While in secondary forest land and primary forests with a slope of 2-25% relatively slight erosion. Land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed can be classified into class IV (3 units of land), class V (5 units of land), class VI (1 unit of land) and VIII (2 units of land). The limiting factors are: (e) the slopes are steep and severe erosion rate and (s) low water holding capacity. Direction of land use for high density mixed garden with bench terrace with good construction, dry with good bench terrace construction and given a booster plants around the lip of land, shrub land used for community forestry, agroporestry and natural forests, while for secondary forests and forest maintained primary sustainability
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Widiatmoko, Nicko, Suria Darma Tarigan, and Enni Dwi Wahjunie. "Analisis Respons Hidrologi untuk Mendukung Perencanaan Pengelolaan Sub-DAS Opak Hulu, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 25, no. 4 (October 27, 2020): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/10.18343/jipi.25.4.503.
Full textAbstract:
Land use change is one of the causes of the decreasing of hydrological function that affects the hydrological response of a watershed. Planning of watershed management needs to be conducted to improve the hydrological function of the watershed. This study aims to determine the hydrological response in supporting watershed management planning in Opak Hulu Watershed. This research was conducted using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological modeling. The method used included data collection, processing of input data, running of SWAT model, calibration, validation, and the decision of the best watershed management scenarios. The results of the analysis of land use changes in the Opak Hulu Watershed in 2012–2017 had a significant increase in mixed upland agriculture (3.21%) and shrubs (1.43%). Meanwhile, open field (2,31%) and dry land agriculture (1.71%) decreased significantly. Based on the analyzed hydrological scenario, Soil and Water Conservation techniques can decrease the surface runoff and increase the lateral flow and base flow. The scenario is able to decrease the surface runoff by 542.22 mm (27.09%). It increases lateral flow and base flow by 321.82 mm (13.15%) and 797.28 mm (18.32%), respectively. The best watershed management planning with Soil and Water Conservation technique is able to reach Annual Flow Coefficient value to 0,33 (moderate) and 69,85 (moderate) for Flow Regime Coefficient.
Keywords: land use, soil and water conservation techniques, SWAT model, watershed
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Ferraro, Paul J. "Conservation Contracting in Heterogeneous Landscapes: An Application to Watershed Protection with Threshold Constraints." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 32, no. 1 (April 2003): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500002501.
Full textAbstract:
A key issue in the design of land use policy is how to integrate information about spatially variable biophysical and economic conditions into a cost-effective conservation plan. Using common biophysical scoring methods, in combination with economic data and simple optimization methods, an illustration is provided for how to identify a set of priority land parcels for conservation investment. This study also demonstrates a way in which conservation agencies can incorporate concerns about biophysical thresholds in the identification of their priority land parcels. These methods are applied using Geographic Information System data from a New York conservation easement acquisition initiative for water quality protection.