Academic literature on the topic 'Water chemistry'

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Journal articles on the topic "Water chemistry"

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Lochman, V., V. Mareš, and V. Fadrhonsová. "Development of air pollutant deposition, soil water chemistry and soil on Šerlich research plots, and water chemistry in a surface water source." Journal of Forest Science 50, No. 6 (January 11, 2012): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4624-jfs.

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&nbsp; In 1986 (1987) research plots were established in a forest stands on the south-western slope of &Scaron;erlich Mt., Orlick&eacute; hory Mts. (Kristina Colloredo-Mansfeld &ndash; Forest Administration Opočno), at the altitude of 950 to 970 m, to study deposition, chemistry of precipitation and soil water and development of soil chemistry. The plots were established on a clear-cut area, in a young stand and a mature stand of spruce, in a mature beech stand, and in an advanced growth of spruce and European mountain ash. The content of solutes in creek water was studied at the same time. Since 1993 the concentration of substances in precipitation water intercepted in the summit part of &Scaron;erlich Mt. has been measured. Research on water chemistry in the stands terminated in 1997. Soil analyses were done in 1986 (1987), 1993 and 1999. The load of acid air pollutants in these forest ecosystems was high in the eighties. After 1991 the deposition of H<sup>+</sup>, S/SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup>, N/NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash; </sup>+ NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Mn, Zn, Al decreased. Similarly, an increase in pH was observed in soil water, and the concentrations of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup>, and N, Al compounds decreased. But in 1993 the concentrations of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup> and Al increased again under the spruce stand for several months. The concentrations of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup>, Mn, Zn and Al in the stream water also gradually decreased in the nineties. On the contrary, the average values of S-ions increased compared to those of 1987 to 1991. Strongly acid soil reaction developed in deeper layers until 1993. In the second half of the nineties the pH/H<sub>2</sub>O value somewhat increased again, however the reserve of K, Mg, Ca available cations in the mineral soil constantly decreased. The saturation of sorption complex by basic cations in the lower layer of rhizosphere did not reach even 10% in 1999. The forest ecosystems of &Scaron;erlich Mt. were also loaded by a high fall-out of Pb, and increased fall-out of Cu. The lack of balance of N-compound transformations and consumption in the soil and increased leaching of N in the form of nitrates contribute to soil acidification on the investigated plots.
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Maine, María A., Noemí L. Suñe, María C. Panigatti, Mariano J. Pizarro, and Federico Emiliani. "Relationships between water chemistry and macrophyte chemistry in lotic and lentic environments." Fundamental and Applied Limnology 145, no. 2 (May 27, 1999): 129–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/145/1999/129.

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Hassan, Refat, and Samia Ibrahim. "Orientation on Electron-Transfer Nature for Oxidation of Some Water-Soluble Carbohydrates: Kinetics and Mechanism of Hexacholroiridate (IV) Oxidation of Methyl Cellulose in Aqueous Perchlorate Solutions." Trends Journal of Sciences Research 4, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31586/chemistry.0402.04.

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Newman, Michael C., and John F. Schalles. "The water chemistry of Carolina bays: A regional survey." Archiv für Hydrobiologie 118, no. 2 (April 27, 1990): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/118/1990/147.

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FREEMANTLE, MICHAEL. "CHEMISTRY FOR WATER." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 82, no. 29 (July 19, 2004): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v082n029.p025.

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Ormerod, Steve. "Chemistry of water and water pollution." Environmental Pollution 90, no. 3 (1995): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(95)90008-x.

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Fossati, Odile, Jean-Gabriel Wasson, Cécile Héry, Giovanna Salinas, and Rubén Marín. "Impact of sediment releases on water chemistry and macroinvertebrate communities in clear water Andean streams (Bolivia)." Fundamental and Applied Limnology 151, no. 1 (March 23, 2001): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/151/2001/33.

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Postnikov, Pavel S., Marina Trusova, Ksenia Kutonova, and Viktor Filimonov. "Arenediazonium salts transformations in water media: Coming round to origins." Resource-Efficient Technologies, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24056529/2016/1/37.

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Aromatic diazonium salts belong to an important class of organic compounds. The chemistry of these compounds has been originally developedin aqueous media, but then chemists focused on new synthetic methods that utilize reactions of diazonium salts in organic solvents. However, according to the principles of green chemistry and resource-efficient technologies, the use of organic solvents should be avoided. This review summarizes new trends of diazonium chemistry in aqueous media that satisfy requirements of green chemistry and sustainable technology.
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van der Donck, Jacques C. J., Jurrian Bakker, Jeroen A. Smeltink, Robin B. J. Kolderweij, Ben C. M. B. van der Zon, and Marc H. van Kleef. "Physical Chemistry of Water Droplets in Wafer Cleaning with Low Water Use." Solid State Phenomena 219 (September 2014): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.219.134.

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Reduction of water and energy consumption is of importance for keeping viable industry in Europe. In 2012 the Eniac project Silver was started in order to reduce water and energy consumption in the semiconductor industry by 10% [1]. Cleaning of wafers is one of the key process steps that require a high volume of Ultra-Pure Water (UPW). For the production of a single wafer more than 120 cleaning steps may be required [2]. Furthermore, the reduction of the feature size makes devices more vulnerable to damage by mechanical action. This trend gives rise to the need for new, gentler cleaning processes.
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Barber, Jim. "Water, water everywhere, and its remarkable chemistry." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1655 (April 2004): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2003.10.011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water chemistry"

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Chun, John Hwan. "Modeling of BWR water chemistry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13660.

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Dudd, Lucinda M. "Organic chemistry in high-temperature water." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403413.

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Grover, David J. (David Joseph). "Modeling water chemistry and electrochemical corrosion potential in boiling water reactors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39772.

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Gawenis, James Allen. "Aspects of the environmental chemistry of technetium /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3012968.

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Young, Toby Edward. "Water-only chemical analysis methodologies : investigations of water liquid chromatography, subcritical water extracton, and dynamic surface tension detection /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8528.

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Mahmood, Hosam Rifaat. "Groundwater chemistry and water table variations in Bahrain." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1993. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11707.

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An evaluation has been carried out of the groundwater system in Bahrain. It has involved the collection of water samples from all the water bearing formations to study the quality of the groundwater. Each water sample was tested physically, chemically, and bacteriologically. Additionally, the five day biochemical oxygen demand test and hydrogen sulphide were detected. The period of the actual sampling and testing extended from mid-1990 to the beginning of 1992. The results obtained have been compared to the results of an earlier study conducted between 1978 and 1979. The investigation has also involved a statistical analysis of the variations in the sub-surface water table level in each hydrogeologic formation. The piezometric levels have been collected from monitoring boreholes/ standpipes. The levels obtained extended from the beginning of 1980 when the earliest recording started up to the end of 1991. Bahrain abstracts its fresh water from five aquifers which in descending order are the Sanad, the Alat, the Khobar, the Rus, and the Umm-Er-Radhuma Aquifers. The quality of the groundwater appears to be deteriorating. The excessive groundwater abstraction has caused the encroachment of the sea into all the sub-surface waters. As the waters become saline, they are expected to become unsuitable for human consumption and for irrigation. The deeper aquifers are believed to consist of high values of the hydrogen sulphide because the deeper geological formations contain oil rich in sulphur. land spring water is expected not to be safe bacteriologically because it is exposed to the atmosphere unlike the other boreholes in the various aquifers.The water table levels have been changing in each aquifer. The groundwater levels in the Sanad Aquifer, which is the shallowest geological formation, are expected to rise in the future in areas where the natural drainage is obstructed. This is related to the sea coast reclamation area. The rise is expected to reduce inland depending on the application of surface irrigation as well as the possible leakages from the services systems. About two kilometres south from the original shore, around Buddayya Road, the Sanad Aquifer's water table has been shown to be falling. This fall is expected to be due to overpumping from the groundwater system. Apart from the Sanad Aquifer, the piezometric levels of the underlying aquifers are expected to fall with time. Once again the fall is due to excessive groundwater abstraction. The study concludes by re-presenting the causes for the water table rise in the near-surface Sanad Aquifer and discusses the possible geotechnical consequences. It further produces some possible solutions to control the rise of the water table level.
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Ghasdian, Negar. "ABC terpolymers : micelles, polymersomes and stabilisation of water in water emulsions." Thesis, University of Hull, 2013. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8621.

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Polymersomes are vesicles formed from block copolymers. Their large internal volumes and thick walls make them very attractive for the encapsulation of different species. However, a major issue which prevents the use of polymersomes in most of the applications is that the encapsulation efficiency of payload molecules using current encapsulation methods is too low. This problem is thought to be related to the formation mechanism of polymersomes through self-assembly of the constituent block copolymer molecules. This project is concern with employing a fundamentally different strategy for polymersomes formation and encapsulation based on coupling the separation properties of aqueous two phase systems (ATPSs), which are able to provide w/w emulsions, with templated self-assembly of polymersomes. This novel method provides high encapsulation efficiencies of payload species which is effective, scalable and biocompatible. This work started by design and synthesis of a series of amphiphilic ABC terpolymers consisting of hydrophilic poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (PEGMA), hydrophobic poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (BuMA) and hydrophilic poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (DMAEMA) blocks of general structure Px-By-Dz and varied compositional parameters using group transfer polymerisation. The synthesised terpolymers were well-characterised and their ability to self-assemble into polymer structures in aqueous solution was assessed. In addition, we show how these terpolymers can be used as effective stabilisers to stabilise ATPS consisting of dextran and poly(ethylene glycol) in order to form stable water-in-water emulsion or templated polymersomes-like structures, based on the affinity of each block towards the ATPS. The influence of terpolymers compositional parameters on the stability of w/w emulsions or templated polymersome-like structures was investigated. In favourable cases, the emulsion drop (or templated polymersome) sizes were a few μm and were stable for periods in excess of 8 months. The emulsions can be inverted from dextran-in-PEG to PEG-in-dextran by increasing the volume fraction of dextran-rich aqueous phase. We demonstrate that both high and low molecular weight fluorescent solutes “self-load” into either the dextran- or PEG-rich regions and that solute can mass transfer across the water-water interface based on its affinity towards each phase. This work was further extended using modified silica nanoparticles (hydrophobised or PEGylated) for stabilisation of dextran-PEG ATPS. We show how the hydrophobicity and PEGphilicity of such particles can lead to relative stabilisation of dextran-PEG ATPS and formation of particle-stabilised w/w emulsions.
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Wong, Wing-sze. "Water chemistry in the Kam Tin basin, natural and authropogenic influences." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38605843.

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Gutkowski, Sarah. "Water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by octenylsuccinic anhydride modified starch and adsorption of modified starch at emulsified oil/water interfaces." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32842.

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Master of Science
Department of Grain Science and Industry
Yong Cheng Shi
Emulsions are utilized to help control phase separation and are found in many products ranging from food to pharmaceuticals. Because of the hydrophobic properties of its functional group, octenylsuccinic anhydride (OSA) modified starch is commonly used in oil in water (o/w) emulsions. The first objective of this study was to investigate if OSA modified starch could be used in water in oil (w/o) emulsions. Experiments were designed to determine the effects of concentrations of OS starch, mineral oil and water on the stability of emulsions. High shear homogenizers and a microfluidizer were used to create stable o/w and w/o emulsions. The stability of the emulsions was examined by optical microscopy, gravitational separation, and electrical conductivity. The microfluidized samples always had a longer stability (days), no gravitational separation and did not exceed three microns, compared to the unmicrofluidized (o/w and w/o) samples. Stable (over 100 days of stability) o/w emulsions could be made without a microfluidizer if the emulsion was made of 2, 60, 38% (w/w) oil, water, starch, respectively. Stable o/w emulsions prepared with a microfluidizer were stable for over 100 days. The o/w emulsion prepared by 8, 66, 26% oil, water, and starch, respectively, was stable for over 600 days. The most stable w/o unmicrofluidized sample was made of 52, 22, 26% oil, water, starch, respectively, with a stability of 240 days. For the w/o emulsions from the microfluidizer, the most stable emulsion was made of 52, 34, 14% oil, water, starch, respectively, with a stability of 250 days. The most stable emulsion that could flow (under the 30,000 cP) was 56, 38, 6% oil, water, starch, respectively, with a stability of 150 days. The statistical mixture experiments models successfully predicted the stability for other ratios of oil, water, and starch for o/w and w/o emulsions. The second objective of the study was to determine the concentration of modified OS starch adsorbed to the mineral oil and the water phases for oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions. The percentage of the starch adsorbed at the mineral oil phase was determined and compared when different ratios of starch to oil and water were used. When the ratio of oil:starch was decreased, the emulsion particle size decreased. As the starch content increased, the percent starch adsorbed onto oil based on total oil increased. The adsorption yield and the level of starch in the emulsion did not show a trend. The surface load ranged from 1.6 to 6.98 mg/m². The sample with the highest concentration of starch (26 g/ml) had the highest surface load (6.98 mg/m²) and samples with low concentrations of starch (0.84 and 1.68 g/ml) had the second and third highest surface loads (6.82 and 4.70 mg/m², respectively). The ratio of oil:starch was increased to determine the emulsifying capacity. A high emulsifying capacity was achieved. Samples with an oil:starch ratio of 3:1 were stable for over 80 days while other samples with oil:starch ratios of 5:1 and 6:1 could be stable for one week.
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Karlsson, Lovisa. "Water Courses in Kvarntorp : An Evaluation of Water Chemistry from Monitoring Data 1994-2012." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-36474.

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The Kvarntorp area, some 200 km SW of Stockholm, Sweden, is a former mining site for alum shale. Kvarntorpshögen is a refuse dump from the hydrocarbon extraction during 1940-1965. The area is also dotted by abandoned quarries, which most are water filled today. The area is divided into two watersheds; the central and the eastern. Frommestabäcken is the main watercourse flowing out of the central watershed while Frogestabäcken is the corresponding watercourse in the eastern watershed. These two watercourses have been sampled annually since 1994 by consulting companies for the municipality of Kumla. The sampling sites at Ulftorpsbäcken (main inlet to the central watershed) and at the outlet from Serpentindammssystemet (the water treatment system in the central watershed) was added to the sampling program in 1997 and 1996 respectively. Other consulting companies have sampled the groundwater around Kvarntorpshögen (in 2004) and the water in the lake Norrtorpssjön (in 2004), which is an old water filled quarry. The lake Norrtorpssjön has also been sampled as part of a project performed by Örebro University. This thesis is a compilation and evaluation of all this data but the main part will be given focused on seasonal variations. Samples have been analysed with regard to the metals Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Li, B, As, Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, Cr, Cd, Pb, Mo, Sr and U. Other analysed parameters were tot-N, tot-P, bicarbonate (alkalinity), sulphate, chloride and the parameters pH, electrical conductivity and COD(Mn). Samples of bottom fauna have also been collected in Frommestabäcken. Concentration of most metals increased in the surface water while passing the Kvarntorp area. High metal concentrations were found for example in some of the groundwater samples. Such high concentrations were not observed in the samples from Frommestabäcken or Frogestabäcken, indicating for example dilution of metals or immobilisation through precipitation or adsorption. Seasonal effects on the dissolution and precipitation/adsorption of compounds were observed at all annually sampled watercourses. One of these effects was the spring- and autumn circulation of the lake Norrtorpssjön. The lake forms a thermocline during summer which causes higher concentrations of metals beneath the thermocline. During circulation these concentrations mixes throughout the depth profile which affects the amount of elements that is transported from the lake via Frogestabäcken. During winter the highest concentrations of metals are expected near the surface of the lake since the surface is colder than the rest of the water mass.
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Books on the topic "Water chemistry"

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Dojlido, Jan. Chemistry of water and water pollution. New York: E. Horwood, 1993.

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Faust, Samuel D. Chemistry of water treatment. 2nd ed. Chelsea, Mich: Ann Arbor Press, 1996.

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Faust, Samuel Denton. Chemistry of water treatment. 2nd ed. Chelsea, MI: Ann Arbor Press, 1998.

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Kegley, Susan E. The chemistry of water. Sausalito, Calif: University Science Books, 1998.

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M, Aly Osman, ed. Chemistry of water treatment. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, [Fla.]: Lewis Publishers, 1999.

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Stumm, Werner. Chemistry of the solid-water interface: Processes at themineral-water and particle-water interface in natural systems. New York: Wiley, 1992.

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Venkateswarlu, K. S. Water chemistry: Industrial and power station water treatment. New Delhi: New Age International Ltd., 1996.

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Directorate, Canada Environment Canada Inland Waters. Lake Ontario Water Chemistry Atlas. S.l: s.n, 1985.

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Gorman, J. Survey of PWR water chemistry. Washington, DC: Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1989.

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Osadchyy, Volodymyr, Bogdan Nabyvanets, Petro Linnik, Nataliia Osadcha, and Yurii Nabyvanets. Processes Determining Surface Water Chemistry. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42159-9.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water chemistry"

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Creswell, R. LeRoy. "Water Chemistry." In Aquaculture Desk Reference, 17–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7911-9_2.

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Nicholson, Keith. "Water Chemistry." In Geothermal Fluids, 19–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77844-5_2.

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Hofstetter, K. J., and V. F. Baston. "Water Chemistry." In ACS Symposium Series, 108–23. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0293.ch006.

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Heckman, Charles W. "Water chemistry." In Monographiae Biologicae, 77–128. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3423-3_6.

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Creswell, R. LeRoy. "Water Chemistry." In Aquaculture Desk Reference, 17–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7115-1_2.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Chemistry." In The Science of Water, 109–36. Fourth edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003094197-4.

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Theodore, Mary K., and Louis Theodore. "Water Chemistry." In Introduction to Environmental Management, 143–49. 2nd ed. Second Edition. | Boca Raton ; London: CRC Press, 2021. | “First edition published by CRC Press 2009”—T.p. verso.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003171126-18.

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Chamier, Anne-Carole. "Water Chemistry." In The Ecology of Aquatic Hyphomycetes, 152–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76855-2_8.

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Brozinčević, Andrijana, Maja Vurnek, and Tea Frketić. "Water Chemistry." In Plitvice Lakes, 65–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20378-7_3.

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Belitz, H. D., W. Grosch, and P. Schieberle. "Water." In Food Chemistry, 1–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07279-0_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water chemistry"

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Janikowski, Daniel S., and William J. Kubik. "Cooling Water Chemistry: Friend or Foe." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88104.

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With today’s growing restrictions in sources and chemical treatment, cooling water that has low corrosive potential is difficult to find. Today’s sources are more aggressive (corrosive) creating a greater challenge to the survival of tubing materials. Pitting and crevice corrosion have become much more common. This paper identifies and summarizes those changes, concerns, and provides suggestions on how a utility can prevent long-term problems. It will cover the water factors to consider and monitor, proper lay-up practices, and material selections based on cooling water chemistry and practices.
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MOUTERDE, TIMOTHÉE, PIERRE LECOINTRE, and DAVID QUÉRÉ. "THE QUEST FOR WATER REPELLENCIES." In 25th Solvay Conference on Chemistry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811228216_0018.

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Mitina, Tatiana, Nadejda Bondarenko, Diana Grigoras, and Tudor Lupascu. "Water quality in some water supply sources in Coșernița and Cojușna villages." In Ecological chemistry ensures a healthy environment. Institute of Chemistry, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/enece.2022.ab18.

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Ohar, Ziv, Ori Lahav, and Avi Ostfeld. "Optimal Sensors Location Using Contamination Detailed Chemistry Reactions." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479162.076.

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Sykes, Greg, and Mike Gunn. "Optimising MEG Chemistry When Producing Formation Water." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/182447-ms.

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Walia, Ayushi, and Hardev Singh Virdi. "Integrating green chemistry in chemical water treatment." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT ADVANCES IN COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0140116.

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Ríos-Villamizar, E. A., M. T. F. Piedade, J. G. Da Costa, J. M. Adeney, and W. J. Junk. "Chemistry of different Amazonian water types for river classification: a preliminary review." In WATER AND SOCIETY 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ws130021.

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Bhide, V., G. Hirasaki, C. Miller, M. Puerto, I. Robb, and L. Norman. "Foams for Controlling Water Production." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/93273-ms.

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Eoff, Larry, Dwyann Dalrymple, B. R. Reddy, Jim Morgan, and Harry Frampton. "Development of a Hydrophobically Modified Water-Soluble Polymer as a Selective Bullhead System for Water-Production Problems." In International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/80206-ms.

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Wong, G. W. S., and M. R. Peart. "A study of anthropogenic, marine and other influences upon water chemistry in Hong Kong rivers." In WATER POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp060091.

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Reports on the topic "Water chemistry"

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Gorman, J. Survey of PWR water chemistry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6521344.

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Schlosser, Joseph Simon. Introduction to Water Chemistry Part Three. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1373521.

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3

Betcher, R. N., and W. M. Buhay. Pore-water chemistry of Lake Winnipeg sediments. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/207514.

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4

Paller, M. H., and L. D. Wike. Par Pond Fish, Water, and Sediment Chemistry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/628994.

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5

Li, Shijian, and Elliot R. Bernstein. Toluene-Water Clusters: Ion Fragmentation and Chemistry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada245813.

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6

Reid, M. S., X. Wang, N. Utting, and C. Jiang. Comparison of water chemistry of hydraulic-fracturing flowback water from two geological locations at the Duvernay Formation, Alberta, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329276.

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We analyzed and compared the water chemistry between 17 Fox Creek region samples, each from a different well, and 23 Three Hills region samples from a single well. Overall, the two regions were similar in chemical composition but showed small differences in some lower abundance dissolved elements. Additionally, we investigated changes in water chemistry of FPW over time from a single well. The majority of water quality parameters and water chemistry remained constant over the 7-month sampling time. Major ion chemistry showed increasing concentrations of Ca and Mg, and a decreasing concentration of SO4. Several trace elements also showed small trends of both increasing and decreasing concentrations over time. There was a strong correlation between Ca and Mg concentrations in both the Fox Creek region samples and Three Hills region samples, which is an indication of the mixing of formation water. However, the correlation between B and Sr was different among two region samples, which is likely due to the delayed mixing of formation water with the fracturing fluids during the flowback at different time periods of post fracturing. Likewise, Fox Creek region samples showed correlations between concentrations of Cl and Ca, Na and Ca, and Na and Mg, but these correlations were not seen in the Three Hills region samples. Geochemical modeling demonstrates that there are potential scales formed in the flowback water, but most of the minerals are still in the dissolution state in the formation. Stable isotopic analysis confirmed the mixing of injection water and the formation water.
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7

Svoboda, Robert, Lorelei Jacobs, and James Schubert. Review of Cooling Water Chemistry at ORNL/SNS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1649667.

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8

Liu, Cheng-Hsin, Ha L. Nguyen, and Omar M. Yaghi. Reticular Chemistry and Harvesting Water from Desert Air. AsiaChem Magazine, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/acm00007.

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Although chemists, in general, are concerned with the art and science of constructing molecules and understanding their behavior, for a long time the idea that such molecules can be linked together by strong bonds to make infinite, extended structures were fraught with failure. The notion of using molecular building blocks to make such structures invariably led to chaotic, ill-defined materials and therefore not only defying the chemists’ need to exert their will on the design of matter but also preventing them from deciphering the atomic arrangement of such products. The field remained undeveloped for most of the twentieth century, and it was taken as an article of faith that linking molecules by strong bonds to make extended structures is a “waste of time” because “it doesn’t work.”
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9

Ferguson, G., R. N. Betcher, and S. E. Grasby. Water chemistry of the Winnipeg Formation in Manitoba. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/221058.

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10

Cleaver, A. E., H. E. Jamieson, P. Huntsman, and C. J. Rickwood. Effect of tailings dust on surface water chemistry. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/g274820.

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