Journal articles: 'WATER CHARACTERISTIC'

1

Haddadin, Munther J. "Water characteristic curves and water status indicator." Water International 33, no. 4 (December 5, 2008): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060802542099.

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Lv, Mengfan, Yonghui Li, and Yuancheng Guo. "Water Retention Characteristics and Soil-Water Characteristic Curve Model of Weak Expansive Soil." Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 58, no. 2 (May 2021): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11204-021-09716-0.

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Tahasildar, Janardhan, and B. Hanumantha Rao. "Determination of Swelling Characteristics Using Soil Water Characteristic Curve Parameter." Indian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 3 (August 11, 2016): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40098-016-0199-1.

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Zhao, Chun Sen, Qing Lin Ren, and Pei Jing Li. "Low Permeability Reservoir Water Displacing Oil and Water Flooding Characteristic Curve Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 4701–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4701.

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The so-called water flooding characteristic curve refers to the oilfield water injection (or natural water drive) development process, a relationship between curve cumulative oil production, cumulative water production and accumulation of fluid production. These curves have been widely used for water injection development of dynamic and recoverable reserves forecast. After many years of practical application, summed up the four kinds of water drive characteristic curve, they have a good practical significance. Recoverable reserves are important indicators of field development is the main basis for planning and design, the application of waterflooding characteristic curve can be predicted oil recoverable reserves. Four water flooding characteristics discussed above curve is mainly applied in high-permeability oil field, which did not consider starting pressure, but should consider the impact of low permeability oilfield actuating pressure gradient on the moisture content.

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Wang, Yumin, Guangcan Zhu, and Zhonglian Yang. "Analysis of water quality characteristic for water distribution systems." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 9, no. 2 (December 26, 2018): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2018.045.

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Abstract Since governments all over the world are paying more attention to water quality in water distribution systems (WDS), a method based on mass balance and first-order chlorine decay model was proposed to assess the efficiency of WDS involving water quality (represented by residual chlorine). The concepts of surplus chlorine factor (S) for nodes in individual pipes and comprehensive surplus chlorine factor (CS) for nodes in WDS were put forward to represent the water quality characteristic of nodes in WDS based on the assumption that the structure of the pipe network and quantity of chlorine dose are definite. The proposed method was applied to two examples of WDS and sensitivity analysis regarding chlorine decay coefficient (k0) was discussed. The results indicated that values of CS for nodes in WDS are affected by the inflow of nodes, which is determined by water demand and pipe length from water sources to nodes. In addition, the value of CS increases with k0 when the inflow of the node is larger than the optimized inflow. The results verified that the deduction of S for a single pipe can be generalized to WDS, and can measure the water quality characteristics for nodes in WDS easily.

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Jeon, Kyung Han, Seung Rae Lee, and Yun Tae Kim. "Probabilistic characteristics Soil-Water Characteristic Curve of Unsaturated Weathered Granite Soil." Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 12, no. 3 (June 30, 2012): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2012.12.3.133.

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Sedláčková, P., M. Čeřovský, I. Horsáková, and M. Voldřich. "Cell surface characteristic of Asaia bogorensis – spoilage microorganism of bottled water." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 29, No. 4 (August 10, 2011): 457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/96/2011-cjfs.

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The ability of bacteria to attach to a surface and develop a biofilm has been of considerable interest for many groups in the food industry. Biofilms may serve as a chronic source of microbial contamination and the research into biofilms and cells interactions might help to improve general understanding of the biofilm resistance mechanisms. Multitude of factors, including surface conditioning, surface charge and roughness and hydrophobicity, are thought to be involved in the initial attachment. Hydrophobic interactions have been widely suggested as responsible for much of the adherence of cells to surfaces. Cell-surface hydrophobicity is an important factor in the adherence and subsequent proliferation of microorganisms on solid surfaces and at interfaces. In the present study, we have estimated the cell-surface characteristics of Asaia bogorensis – isolated contamination of flavoured bottled water and compared its ability to colonise surfaces which are typical in the beverage production – stainless steel, glass and plastic materials.

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Lohrasbi, A. R., and R. Attarnejad. "Water Hammer Analysis by Characteristic Method." American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 1, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2008.287.294.

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Suits, L. D., T. C. Sheahan, H. Rahardjo, K. Vilayvong, and E. C. Leong. "Water Characteristic Curves of Recycled Materials." Geotechnical Testing Journal 34, no. 1 (2011): 103177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj103177.

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10

Tripathy, Snehasis, Mohd Yuhyi M. Tadza, and Hywel Rhys Thomas. "Soil-water characteristic curves of clays." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 51, no. 8 (August 2014): 869–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2013-0089.

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The drying suction – water content soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs) of three clays (MX80 bentonite, yellow bentonite, and Speswhite kaolin) were experimentally determined using axis-translation, vapour equilibrium, and osmotic techniques. The shrinkage paths of the clays were established from Clod tests. The suction – water content SWCCs in conjunction with the Clod test results enabled establishing the suction – degree of saturation SWCCs and further determination of the air-entry values (AEVs) of the clays. Chemical analyses of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions in the osmotic tests revealed an imbalance of the osmotic suctions between the expelled and the retained salts on either side of semi-permeable membranes. A decrease in the water content due to an applied suction for clays with significant osmotic efficiencies was explained by two mechanisms. In mechanism 1, the water content decrease prior to the air entry is controlled by the interparticle repulsive pressure, and in mechanism 2, a decrease in the degree of saturation following the air entry is primarily due to the matric suction. The agreements between the AEVs of the clays determined based on the osmotic suctions corresponding to various applied suctions and that determined from the suction – degree of saturation SWCCs were found to be very good.

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11

Zhang, Limin, and Qun Chen. "Predicting Bimodal Soil–Water Characteristic Curves." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 131, no. 5 (May 2005): 666–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:5(666).

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12

Sridharan, A., and K. Prakash. "Characteristic water contents of a fine-grained soil—water system." Géotechnique 48, no. 3 (June 1998): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.1998.48.3.337.

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13

李, 斌. "Open Experiment for Terahertz Water—Knowing Characteristic of Terahertz Water." Advances in Education 07, no. 06 (2017): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ae.2017.76049.

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14

Park, Sun-Ho, Yong-Gi Kim, Duk-Hyeon Kim, Hai-Du Cheong, Won-Seok Choi, and Ji-In Lee. "Selecting Characteristic Raman Wavelengths to Distinguish Liquid Water, Water Vapor, and Ice Water." Journal of the Optical Society of Korea 14, no. 3 (September 25, 2010): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3807/josk.2010.14.3.209.

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15

Lim, Byung-Gwon, and Yun-Tae Kim. "Characteristics of Soil-Water Characteristic Curve and Unsaturated Permeability of Sludge Mixture." Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society 29, no. 2 (February 28, 2013): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2013.29.2.57.

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16

Franck, H., and W. Matthäus. "Volumes of water masses penetrating during major Baltic inflows and their characteristic properties." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 21, S (December 31, 1991): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3750/aip1991.21.s.06.

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17

Tao, Gaoliang, Da Lei, Lisheng Liu, Yi Li, and Xueliang Zhu. "Prediction of Soil Water Characteristic Curve Based on Soil Water Evaporation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 1, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6686442.

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Soil water characteristic curves (SWCC) and soil water evaporation curves both represent the laws of water content variation in the natural state. Aiming to investigate the relationship between them further, Hunan sand with six dry densities were used in this study, and a series of experimental studies were performed. This study developed the application of evaporation curves in geotechnical engineering, reduced the workload of measuring soil water characteristic curves, and explored the relationship between evaporation rate and fractal dimension. Through the indoor tests, we measured soil water characteristic curves of specimens and soil water evaporation curves at different temperatures and explored the relationship between these two curves. In this study, a model was developed that allows the conversion from soil water evaporation curves to soil water characteristic curves, which is an equation about matrix suction ψ versus cumulative time t. Further, two prediction methods are developed, which are derived based on the Fredlund–Xing model and based on the Bird model, respectively. The proposed methods were validated using soil water evaporation tests of Hunan sand with six dry densities at three ambient temperatures, and the results showed that good prediction performances were achieved using these two methods.

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18

He, Hai, Lu Zhang, Shenbei Zhou, Jiaping Hou, and Shengcai Ji. "Relationship between Water Use and per Capita Income with Environmental Kuznets Curve of Developing Countries: A Case Study in Jiangsu Province, China." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 16851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416851.

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The relationship between economic growth and environmental variation is an important issue of sustainable development for human beings, especially in developing countries. However, developing countries usually use the standards of developed countries when dealing with environmental issues, which makes the relationship exhibit different characteristics than it does in developed countries. In order to realize a balance relationship between water use and income per capita in developing countries, a multivariable environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) simulation model based on the grey absolute correlation method was modified to improve the description of the balance relationship between water use and per capita income in the Jiangsu Province of China from 2005 to 2017. The results showed that the industrial and agricultural water uses first increased and then decreased, which agreed with an inverted “U” characteristic. The industrial water use was in the declining stage of the inverted “U” characteristic, while the agricultural water use was in a transition phase of the inverted “U” characteristic. However, the domestic water use showed an increasing trend, and it is difficult to estimate whether it showed an inverted “U” characteristic. Simultaneously, different watershed partitions in Jiangsu Province presented different EKC characteristics. In the three different watershed zoning regions of Jiangsu Province, the total water use of the Tai Lake Basin and the Yangtze River Basin exhibited the typical inverted “U” characteristic, while the Huai River Basin was just in the increasing stage. Moreover, the improved multivariable EKC model was suitable to describe the inverted U-shaped variation characteristics of water use, and the developed model outperformed the univariate EKC model in the study area. Based on the characteristics of the EKC, policy ideas for enhancing the coordination among water resources, the economy, and the ecological environment were proposed in order to achieve sustainable development.

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19

Zhou, Jian, and Yu Jian-lin. "Influences affecting the soil-water characteristic curve." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 6, no. 8 (August 2005): 797–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2005.a0797.

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20

Fredlund, D. G., and Anqing Xing. "Equations for the soil-water characteristic curve." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 4 (August 1, 1994): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-061.

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The soil-water characteristic curve can be used to estimate various parameters used to describe unsaturated soil behaviour. A general equation for the soil-water characteristic curve is proposed. A nonlinear, least-squares computer program is used to determine the best-fit parameters for experimental data presented in the literature. The equation is based on the assumption that the shape of the soil-water characteristic curve is dependent upon the pore-size distribution of the soil (i.e., the desaturation is a function of the pore-size distribution). The equation has the form of an integrated frequency distribution curve. The equation provides a good fit for sand, silt, and clay soils over the entire suction range from 0 to 106 kPa. Key words : soil-water characteristic curve, pore-size distribution, nonlinear curve fitting, soil suction, water content.

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21

Aldaood, Abdulrahman, Marwen Bouasker, and Muzahim Al-Mukhtar. "Soil–Water Characteristic Curve of Gypseous Soil." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 33, no. 1 (October 29, 2014): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-014-9829-5.

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22

Zhai, Qian, and Harianto Rahardjo. "Determination of soil–water characteristic curve variables." Computers and Geotechnics 42 (May 2012): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2011.11.010.

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23

Ogiołda, Ewa, Ireneusz Nowogoński, and Roksana Adam. "CHARACTERISTIC OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN BABIMOST." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 168, no. 48 (December 29, 2017): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.5887.

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In this paper characteristic of water supply system in Babimost, lubuskie province, was presented. Network of 22,9 km length supply about 4000 inhabitants. Model of system was prepared using EPANET software and calculation of parameters for different water demands was carried out. Results made possible to choose the best variant, to come to conclusions concerning exploitation and further analysis.

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24

Phoon, Kok-Kwang, Anastasia Santoso, and Ser-Tong Quek. "Probabilistic Analysis of Soil-Water Characteristic Curves." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 136, no. 3 (March 2010): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000222.

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25

Tinjum, James M., Craig H. Benson, and Lisa R. Blotz. "Soil-Water Characteristic Curves for Compacted Clays." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 123, no. 11 (November 1997): 1060–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1997)123:11(1060).

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26

Leong, E. C., and H. Rahardjo. "Review of Soil-Water Characteristic Curve Equations." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 123, no. 12 (December 1997): 1106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1997)123:12(1106).

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Leong, E. C., H. Rahardjo, James M. Tinjum, Craig H. Benson, and Lisa R. Blotz. "Soil-Water Characteristic Curves for Compacted Clays." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 125, no. 7 (July 1999): 629–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1999)125:7(629).

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28

Foster, G. R., and W. C. Moldenhauer. "Tillage characteristic affecting soil erosion by water." Journal of Terramechanics 22, no. 3 (January 1985): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4898(85)90096-5.

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29

Nagaraj, T. S. "Discussion: Characteristic water contents of a fine grained soil–water system." Géotechnique 50, no. 3 (June 2000): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.2000.50.3.305.

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30

SONG, Zhaojie, Zhiping LI, Fengpeng LAI, Gang LIU, and Huohua GAN. "Derivation of water flooding characteristic curve for high water-cut oilfields." Petroleum Exploration and Development 40, no. 2 (April 2013): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(13)60025-7.

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WANG, Jiqiang, Chengfang SHI, Shuhong JI, Guanlin LI, and Yingqiao CHEN. "New water drive characteristic curves at ultra-high water cut stage." Petroleum Exploration and Development 44, no. 6 (December 2017): 1010–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(17)30113-1.

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Cao, Shenyang, Ping Li, Xueli Nan, Zhao Yi, and Mengkai Sun. "Optimization of Aggregate Characteristic Parameters for Asphalt Binder—Aggregate System under Moisture Susceptibility Condition Based on Random Forest Analysis Model." Applied Sciences 13, no. 8 (April 9, 2023): 4732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13084732.

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Water damage to asphalt pavements is a common occurrence that lowers the quality of service they can offer and causes several traffic problems. The loss of adhesion characteristics in the system of the asphalt binder and aggregate is the primary source of the problem of water damage in asphalt mixes. A number of things, including the impact of aggregate characteristics on asphalt binder—aggregate systems’ adhesion characteristics, have been proven. Through the use of random forest analysis, this study seeks to maximize the screening of aggregate characteristic factors. In this research, the morphology characterization, chemical composition, and phase composition of the five aggregates were first studied, and their relevant characteristic parameters were calculated. A method of engineering evaluation of the resistance of asphalt mixtures to water damage was used to assess the water susceptibility of the five asphalt binder—aggregate systems. Next, utilizing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis approach, a thorough study of the water susceptibility of the five asphalt binder—aggregate systems was conducted. Finally, sensitivity analysis of the aggregate characteristic parameters was carried out by a random forest analysis model, so as to achieve the optimal screening of the aggregate characteristic parameters. The results showed that, during sensitivity analysis of each parameter of aggregate properties using random forest analysis, the SiO2 content of the aggregate had the highest importance, and the roughness had the highest importance among the morphology characterizations. The water susceptibility of the asphalt binder—aggregate system could be expressed by the SiO2 content and roughness of the aggregate characteristic parameters.

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33

Guo, Zhong-qun, Ling-feng Liu, Tao Tang, Ke-fan Zhou, and Xiao-jun Wang. "Influence of Leaching Solution on the Soil-Water Characteristics of Ion-Absorbed Rare Earth Minerals and Its Hysteresis Effect." Minerals 13, no. 5 (May 3, 2023): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13050637.

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Thesoil-water characteristic curve is the basic constitutive relation to express the water-holding characteristics of ion-absorbed rare earth. The simulated solution mining test and pressure plate apparatus tests were carried out, the relationship between matric suction and water content under different leaching actions was obtained. Using the Fredlund and Xing four-parameter model, the soil-water characteristic curves of ion-absorbed rare earth under different leaching actionswereobtained, and the changing trend of each parameterwas analyzed, and the influence of different leaching methods on the water-holding characteristic of soil was obtained.For different types of leaching solutions, the water-holding capacity of the soil varies from strong to weak forpure water, the 3% magnesium sulfate solution, and the 3% ammonium sulfate solution; as the concentration of the leaching solution increases, the water-holding capacity of the sample gradually decreases, and it decreases most significantly from 0% to 2%. Moreover, the saliency of the “hysteresis effect” of the soil-water characteristic curve was from high to low forpure water, the 3% magnesium sulfate solution, and the 3% ammonium sulfate solution, and the “hysteresis effect” showed a decreasing trendwith the increasein the concentration.

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34

Abdulmoneim M.A.Kannah, Halla M.Y., and Abdulallah K.M. "Effect of groundwater quality for some wells in Nineveh city on generation and growth plant Phalaris sp." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 22, no. 10 (February 2, 2023): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v22i10.887.

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The research includes study of four types of water (first one is a tab water as a control, while the other types are groundwater (2nd,3ed,4th). The water types were different in some physical and chemical characteristic, for example their electrical conductivity values were (585,993,3013 and 6930) µmohs/cm respectively. The study considered the effect of water quality on some growth characteristic such as percentage of germination, and some growth characteristics in addition to their impact on the concentration of chlorophyll a,b and c and carbohydrates. Results revealed that there is a significant decrease in the most growth characteristic in addition to chlorophyll a,b and c concentration whereas significant increase in the carbohydrates was detected comparing with the effect control water.

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35

Jie, He, Wang Jingjing, Liu Xiumei, Li Beibei, Li Wei, Gu Ming, Xie Yongwei, Cai Zonghang, and Ma Jichao. "Investigation on Surface Wave Characteristic of Water Jet." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (April 10, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4047956.

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Water jet surface stability is important to enhance fighting efficiency of fire water monitor. In this paper, a visualization experimental method is designed to capture the surface waves of water jet out from fire water monitor, and the wavelength and the amplitudes are captured and measured from the obtained water jet images. The Sobel horizontal gradient direction template and Burg method are selected to obtain wavelength characteristic of water jet. Based on surface morphology, the relationship between wave characteristic of water jet and Weber number is also discussed. The structure of the surface wave changes from cosmic turbulence to stochastic small-scale waves with increasing Weber number and becomes fully chaotic finally. The average wavelength of water jet out from fire water monitor decreases with increasing Weber number. The growth rate in the presence of wavelength with the lower Weg is less than that of the higher Weg. Furthermore, the amplitudes of the water jet increase continuously with increasing flow distance and Weg. In other words, the larger the Weber number is, the faster the velocity of surface waves on water jet is. The main objective of the present work is to give the basis for better understanding the microstructure of water jet, which in turn improves the performance of fire water monitor.

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KOBAYASHI, Masahiro, Shinichi ONODERA, and Masaki KATO. "Effect of water repellency on a water characteristic curve of forest soil." Journal of Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources 9, no. 1 (1996): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3178/jjshwr.9.88.

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37

Binbin, Li, Han Deqiang, Zhang Hong, Gu Wei, Cao Xuechun, Chang Yideng, Cao Li, and Shen Zhenzhou. "Transformation of Water and Soil Loss Characteristic under Different Slope Water discharges." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 829, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/829/1/012019.

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Rompis, John E. G., and Sylvia Komansilan. "EFEKTIVITAS CARA PEMASAKAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIK MASAKAN DAGING BABI HUTAN." ZOOTEC 34, no. 2 (September 2, 2014): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.34.2.2014.5530.

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EFFECTIVITY OF COOKING METHOD ON PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF COOKERY WILD PIG MEAT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical characteristic of cookery wild pig meat with different cooking methods. Research was done using completely randomized design with three treatments of coocing method (bamboo cooker apparatus, stainless cooker apparatus and soil cooker apparatus) and five replications in each treatment. All treatments were added with spicy ingredients of cabai, daun bawang, kamangi, sereh, jahe, and daun jeruk. Physical characteristics were including pH, water content and water holding capacity, analized at animal product technological laboratory. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance model with Duncan statistical test for significant F test. Result study showed that different cooker apparatus affected significantly physical characteristics of cookery wild pig meat in term of pH, water content and water holding capacity. It can be concluded that cooking method using bamboo cooker apparatus yield thye best physical characteristics of cookery wild pig meat. Kata Kunci: Cooker apparatus, physical characteristic, cookery wild pig meat.

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Veena, V., Sobha Cyrus, Benny Mathews Abraham, and Babu T. Jose. "Soil Water Characteristic Curves of Compacted Marine Clay." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 47, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 717–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2021.717.

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The soil water characteristics play an important role in predicting the engineering behaviour of unsaturated soils. An experimental programme was performed using pressure plate apparatus to investigate the effect of moulding water content, compactive effort and cycles of wetting and drying on Soil Water Characteristic Curves (SWCC) of compacted marine clay. The specimens were prepared with moulding water contents (optimum, dry of optimum and wet of optimum) for both Standard Proctor and Modified Proctor compactive efforts. The results obtained were fitted to Brooks and Corey (BC) and Van Genuchten (VG) models. The study indicated that SWCC for specimens with higher compactive efforts plotted above those with lower compactive efforts. It was observed that the variation in moulding water content had no significant effect in the resulting SWCC. With the increase in the number of cycles of wetting and drying, a decrease in the water retention capacity was observed.

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Wei, Huaibin, Yimin Wang, and Mingna Wang. "Characteristic and pattern of urban water cycle: theory." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 110 (2018): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22342.

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41

Engkuah, Stannely, Henry Nasution, and Azhar Abdul Aziz. "Performance Characteristic Study on Air to Water Intercooler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 819 (January 2016): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.819.42.

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The automotive vehicle with turbocharger engine will produce the high temperature charged air compared to the naturally aspirated engine. By increasing the pressure of the air, the temperature of the air will be increased while the air density will be decreased. The charged air needs to be cooled down to get the higher density of the charge air before flowing into the intake manifold. The charge air becomes denser when the temperature of the air is reduced and the denser air gives more advantages for the engine run efficiently. The intercooling system is one of the important devices in cooling process of the turbocharger engine. The function of the intercooler system is for cooling the temperature of the turbocharger outlet before the intake manifold. For this research, the water is used as the medium for cooling the temperature of the charge air before the intake manifold instead using of direct air that is the basic medium of intercooling system. The liquid cooled intercooler system type is constructed which wants to make it practically in daily life, such as for increasing the performance of the car and also for saving the fuel consumption of a vehicle.

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Johari, A., A. Hooshmand Nejad, and A. A. Javadi. "Analytical reliability analysis of soil-water characteristic curve." E3S Web of Conferences 9 (2016): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20160911001.

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Yang, Shi‐e, and Xiukun Li. "Characteristic of a semiburied object in shallow water." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103, no. 5 (May 1998): 2902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.422046.

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44

Leong, Eng-Choon. "Soil-water characteristic curves - Determination, estimation and application." Japanese Geotechnical Society Special Publication 7, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/jgssp.v07.003.

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45

ROJAS, EDUARDO, and FERNANDO ROJAS. "MODELING HYSTERESIS OF THE SOIL-WATER CHARACTERISTIC CURVE." SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS 45, no. 3 (2005): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/sandf.45.3_135.

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Fredlund, D. G., and Anqing Xing. "Erratum : Equations for the soil-water characteristic curve." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-120.

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Huang, Xiao, Ze-Xian Cao, and Qiang Wang. "The universal characteristic water content of aqueous solutions." Chinese Physics B 28, no. 6 (June 2019): 065101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/28/6/065101.

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UEDA, Yoichi, Makoto SAKAGUCHI, Kazuo HIRAYAMA, Ryuichi MIYAJIMA, and Akimitsu KIMIZUKA. "Characteristic flavor constituents in water extract of garlic." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 54, no. 1 (1990): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.54.163.

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Zhou, Enping, Jiaxiang Yang, and Fenglian Ma. "Characteristic Analysis of AC Plasma Arc in Water." Plasma Science and Technology 13, no. 1 (February 2011): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1009-0630/13/1/22.

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Ueda, Yoichi, Makoto Sakaguchi, Kazuo Hirayama, Ryuichi Miyajima, and Akimitsu Kimizuka. "Characteristic Flavor Constituents in Water Extract of Garlic." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 54, no. 1 (January 1990): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10869909.

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Journal articles on the topic 'WATER CHARACTERISTIC'

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