Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water authorities

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Water authorities'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Water authorities"

1

SHEARER, D. M. "Performance Comparisons Between Water Authorities." Water and Environment Journal 2, no. 5 (October 1988): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1988.tb01331.x.

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Rowntree, Norman. "Viewpoint - Britain's Government May Privatize Regional Water Authorities." Journal - American Water Works Association 78, no. 3 (March 1986): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb05706.x.

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Nadebaum, P., M. Chapman, S. Ortisi, and A. Baker. "Application of quality management systems for drinking water quality." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0125.

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Over the past few years the water authorities in Australia have been applying the principles of quality management and risk management in their provision of drinking water of a safe and acceptable quality. These principles have been taken up by the regulatory authorities, and the Australian water industry is ensuring that drinking water guidelines, customer contracts, licences and auditing (both statutory and quality systems auditing), and appropriate quality management systems, are in place for drinking water quality management. A particular focus of this work has been the application of AS/NZS 4360 (Risk Management) and the principles of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points developed for the food industry. This paper discusses the important considerations in applying quality management systems to drinking water quality management within water authorities, and the key issues of how best to integrate these risk management systems with the business management systems of the water authority. A generally applicable model for drinking water quality management systems based on ISO 9002 and HACCP is described. The paper also discusses the process of how management systems already in place within a water authority can be assessed and improvements identified. The objective is that the management systems will be consistent with the authority’s existing business management systems, ISO 9001, the principles of HACCP and AS4360, and the expected requirements of the revised Australian Drinking Water Guidelines.
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Motelica-Wagenaar, Anne Marieke, Tim A. H. M. Pelsma, Laura Moria, and Sarian Kosten. "The potential impact of measures taken by water authorities on greenhouse gas emissions." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 382 (April 22, 2020): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-382-635-2020.

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Abstract. Water authorities responsible for water quantity and water quality management may strongly influence the magnitude of greenhouse gas emissions from the surface waters and the adjacent peat areas within their territories. Climate smart water management (reducing influx of organic matter and improving water quality) is therefore a potentially strong mitigation tool. We hypothesize that climate smart water management has a stronger mitigation potential than reducing emissions from the operational management of a Water Authority. Based on literature data on greenhouse gas emissions from ditches and agricultural peatlands, we present a case study of a Dutch Water Authority – Amstel, Gooi and Vecht (operated by Waternet). We estimate that greenhouse gas emissions from the 195 km2 large peat area within its territory are 470 kt CO2-eq per year. An additional 231 kt CO2-eq yr−1 is emitted from the water bodies within the 102 km2 large water area territory. Both emissions are considerably higher than the estimated climate footprint of the operational management of the water board (∼62 kt CO2-eq per year in 2017). While Waternet strives to have a net zero emission of greenhouse gases related to its operational management by 2020, we postulate that measures (to be taken before 2030) such as the prevention of organic matter and nutrients entering surface waters, the removal of organic carbon from ditches and higher groundwater levels in agricultural peatlands, may reduce greenhouse gas emissions in ditches and agricultural peat meadows with 26 and 27 kt CO2-eq per year, respectively. Measures that are taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in water bodies are expected to have a positive impact on water quality as well.
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Burn, S., S. Tucker, M. Rahilly, P. Davis, R. Jarrett, and M. Po. "Asset planning for water reticulation systems - the PARMS model." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0086.

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Traditionally water reticulation systems have been operated so that pipeline repair/renewal occurs on a reactive basis, based upon the number of failures, the consequence of failure and the cost. Planning for future replacements and the costs associated with these has been based upon a best guess of pipe lifetimes, which have generally been very conservative, when compared to the actual pipe life obtained. Factors such as the required level of customer service, trade-offs between repair and renewal, or operating practices such as pressure reduction or shut-off block reduction have not been widely considered, except when they are required under the water authorities operating licence. To allow long-term strategies to be implemented for the repair/renewal of water pipelines, a Pipeline Asset and Risk Management System (PARMS) is being developed. This planning model has been designed to allow a range of “what if” scenarios to be analysed to determine their effects on water authorities’ long-term costs. This model is based upon whole of life costing and includes data on externality and customer impact costs. It analyses the failures of individual pipe assets, rather than the traditional practice of predicting failure of pipe cohorts, currently used by many authorities. This paper discusses the application of the PARMS planning model to allow selection of pipeline repair/renewal, and briefly analyses the influences that a range of customer service or operating decisions can have on a water authority’s capital and operational expenditure.
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Duda, Alfred M. "Unified Management of Surface- and Ground-Water Quality Through Clean Water Act Authorities." Ground Water 27, no. 3 (May 1989): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1989.tb00459.x.

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Thomson, K. W., and J. R. Powell. "CONSERVATION AUTHORITIES IN ASSOCIATION: THE ONTARIO EXPERIENCE." Canadian Water Resources Journal 17, no. 3 (January 1992): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4296/cwrj1703270.

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Hammerton, D. "River Basin Management in Scotland." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 10-11 (October 1, 1989): 1501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0347.

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The seven river purification boards, which cover the whole of mainland Scotland, are strictly single-purpose authorities whose function is to control pollution of inland and coastal waters. Unlike the water authorities in England and Wales they are not responsible for the management of water supplies, sewerage, sewage treatment, land drainage, flood prevention or fisheries. However, the author contends that it is this singleness of purpose and the complete independence of the boards from the polluters, whether local authorities or private industries, which has led in Scotland to better progress in the restoration of polluted waters than south of the border, progress which has been clearly demonstrated in recent government reports. Moreover, through close consultation at the planning stage with government departments, local authorities and other bodies, the river boards do have a significant influence on developments which affect the aquatic environment and hence are involved in the wider aspects of river basin management.
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Minkman, Ellen, Maarten van der Sanden, and Martine Rutten. "Practitioners' viewpoints on citizen science in water management: a case study in Dutch regional water resource management." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-153-2017.

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Abstract. In recent years, governmental institutes have started to use citizen science as a form of public participation. The Dutch water authorities are among them. They face pressure on the water governance system and a water awareness gap among the general public, and consider citizen science a possible solution. The reasons for practitioners to engage in citizen science, and in particular those of government practitioners, have seldom been studied. This article aims to pinpoint the various viewpoints of practitioners at Dutch regional water authorities on citizen science. A Q-methodological approach was used because it allows for exploration of viewpoints and statistical analysis using a small sample size. Practitioners (33) at eight different water authorities ranked 46 statements from agree to disagree. Three viewpoints were identified with a total explained variance of 67 %. Viewpoint A considers citizen science a potential solution that can serve several purposes, thereby encouraging citizen participation in data collection and analysis. Viewpoint B considers citizen science a method for additional, illustrative data. Viewpoint C views citizen science primarily as a means of education. These viewpoints show water practitioners in the Netherlands are willing to embrace citizen science at water authorities, although there is no support for higher levels of citizen engagement.
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LITTLECHILD, STEPHEN. "ECONOMIC REGULATION OF PRIVATISED WATER AUTHORITIES AND SOME FURTHER REFLECTIONS." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 4, no. 2 (1988): 40–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/4.2.40.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water authorities"

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Synnott, Michael Frederick. "The relationship between the regional water authorities and local planning authorities." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363471.

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Krishnamurthi, Sushma. "Water supply aspects of river authorities in Texas." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4443.

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Price has been noted to be an important ingredient in any evaluation of future water demands, since it is a signal of cost administered by water wholesalers or retailers. The purpose of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of rates and ratesetting strategies adopted by the river authorities of Texas, and the relevance of economic efficiency for wholesale purveyors of water. Methods employed to accomplish the objectives include collecting sample water supply contracts, surveying rate structures, and surveying authorities' rate-setting objectives. In its current form the economic theory of pricing emphasizes price establishment by retail water suppliers. There are certain distinctions between wholesale suppliers and retail distributors of water that question the adequacy of the existing theory in its universal application. This calls for a different theory of pricing for wholesale suppliers of water. Therefore, an efficiency-seeking pricing theory for wholesale water purveyors is explored here. Out of the fifteen existing river authorities in Texas, ten have wholesale supply operations. This study finds that out of the ten authorities that have wholesale operations, some authorities charge the same uniform rate to all their customers, while some charge a different rate to each of their customers. The fact that some river authorities charge different rates to different categories of customers for the same water is considered economically inefficient. Another element that lends itself to economic inefficiency is the usage of the block rates. Through a questionnaire, the study finds that river authorities rank revenue sufficiency highest among six objectives pertaining to rate-setting processes. Legality is ranked second and economic efficiency is ranked third among these six goals. Though there are ten river authorities that supply water on a wholesale basis, only eight valid questionnaires responses could be used for the study. All river authorities involved with the wholesale supply of water commit most of their water supplies to municipal, agricultural, and industrial uses and customers through water supply contracts that contain legal agreements, which are dealt with before the river authority supplies the water to the customer. This study discusses the various similarities and differences between contracts of the ten river authorities that are involved in wholesale supply of water. Out of the ten river authorities, nine responded with their wholesale water supply contracts. One river authority responded with two contracts, therefore there were ten contracts that were studied.
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Lawrence, A. I., and n/a. "Organisations and change : a comparative analysis of seven Australian water authorities." University of Canberra. Administrative Studies, 1986. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060816.164817.

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Loubser, Coenraad Hendrik. "Leveraging information and communication technologies for effective water stewardship: probing the future preparedness of water service authorities." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59853.

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South Africa is regarded as an arid country but the existing water stewardship practises are inadequate to prevent severe water scarcity in the future that could have a detrimental effect on the country's economy. The biggest regulatory structure of water management in South Africa is the government appointed Water Service Authorities (WSAs). Given modern-day advances in digital technologies, Wang et al. (2015) envisions that tools such as intelligently networked water cyber physical systems could aid in water stewardship practises. This research aimed to contribute to the existing body of knowledge through identifying the most important water stewardship factors that currently play a role in the environment of WSAs, identifying the envisaged factors that can play a part in the future sustainability and stewardship of water, as well as recognising the opportunities and challenges that could enable or prohibit the implementation of information and communication technologies (ICT). The research adopted an inductive approach to interpret the various responses of 11 semi-structured interviews with water professionals that works within the environment of WSA. It included insights from Government, Water boards (also seen as WSAs), nongovernment organisation, private sector consultants and research institutions. A sustainable water balance framework developed by Rozza et al. (2013) was applied to discuss current water stewardship practices. The study shows that planning and strategy, governance and management as well as public perception and awareness were identified as the most important current factors while technology and products are seen as the most import future factors. Most factors in current water stewardship practices were perceived with a negative connotation. Numerous ICT opportunities were identified and outweighed the challenges that are perceived with the implementation of ICT. In probing the future preparedness of WSA for the adoption of information and communication technologies, it was found that there was a vastly positive response. Although many hurdles to the adoption of ICT were identified, more opportunities than challenges were acknowledged. WSA can thus be classified as prepared for the implementation of ICT, should solutions be found for some of the impending problems.
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
pa2017
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
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Patterson, Alan. "An analysis of regional state intervention : the case of the regional water authorities." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360769.

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Chuene, Tshepo Benny. "What are the challenges facing municipalities in financing their water services infrastructure? : a case study of water services authorities in the North West Province." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95671.

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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
The World Bank (1994) concluded that there is a close relationship between infrastructure and economic growth. This also reflects on the water sector because, despite water sector importance, water services infrastructure is probably one of the most difficult to finance, while its deficiency or absence instils a particular burden on society. According to Baietti and Raymond (2005), more than 1.1 billion people worldwide do not have access to safe drinking water, and approximately 2.4 billion are without adequate sanitation. Yet these estimates underestimate the gravity of the situation in relation to access gap and quality of services provided. Most consumers face situations where water services are intermittent and when available the water is not safe for consumption, while sanitation facilities are overloaded, unused or in despair. This research was conducted in the North West Province with municipalities that have the status of water services authorities. This included a combination of district and local municipalities. The North West Province has 11 water service authorities of which nine are local municipalities and two are district municipalities. The competing demands and needs for governments to provide infrastructure for other sectors such as roads and energy further aggravate the stance of finance unavailability for the water sector. The purpose of the study was to highlight the challenges that municipalities face in financing water services infrastructure. The result of the study will provide knowledge and innovative ideas that will allow South Africa‘s municipalities to address challenges of service delivery. At municipal level water services are provided through a variety of approaches, although most involve centralised systems with large supply, distribution and treatment facilities. The social benefits that water services provide are well known, particularly those that relate to public health including reduced morbidity and mortality from waterborne diseases. The challenge is that funding to meet these development objectives is either scarce or entirely unavailable. The Water Services Act 108 of (DWAF, 1997) requires water services authorities and water service providers to put significant efforts into cost recovery for sustainable provision of water services. This aspect has significant challenges which results from widespread poverty and a culture of non-payment from communities inherent as a remnant of protest against apartheid. The scope of the water sector is complex, owing to its diversity, interactions and synergies with other industrial, commercial and financial sectors, and its international nature. Under the current South African constitutional and legislative framework, municipalities will remain to be a major player in the development, financing and delivering of water services infrastructure for sustainable growth and development. Water Services Authorities (WSAs) have responsibilities including protection and management of water resources, provision of adequate and sustainable water services, operation and maintenance of water services infrastructure, monitoring and management of municipal water quality to regulatory requirements and reporting to the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) with regards to the aforementioned. Water service delivery failures at the municipal level are a widespread and fundamental problem in South Africa. At the same time, under the current decentralisation policies, the responsibility for delivering such services is increasingly being delegated to lower levels of government/municipalities that are often ill equipped for the challenge in terms of financial and human resources capacity. Cardone and Fonseca (2006) indicated public administration and financial management capacity at central and sub-sovereign levels of government as limited, and affecting the timely transfer of funding as well as the capacity of municipalities to absorb those funds. Various strategies are needed to enable municipalities to secure and finance their water services infrastructure. These include understanding what bankers are looking for, understanding where donors are going, greater involvement of the private sector, matching service levels to affordability, improving revenues and influencing the regulatory regime.
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Xerri, Francesca. "The capacity of organizations to deliver effective water management through the provisions of the Water Framework Directive : the case of Malta." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2016. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11824.

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Effective implementation of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) is dependent on Member States’ national water institutions and organizations, often designated as ‘competent authorities’. Although substantial research relating to the Directive itself has been carried out, less is known about the extent to which competent authorities have the organizational capacity to deliver it. The literature notes that conceptual understanding of capacity has been hampered by lack of definitional clarity making both its management and assessment challenging. In this contribution, several conceptualizations of organizational capacity found in the literature are used to construct a set of core qualitative organizational components that encourage analysts to consider the ways in which legal authority, information and knowledge, skills, resources and leadership shape a competent authority’s ability to deliver the WFD. Malta, the smallest European Member State, is the case study used to test the application of these components. Qualitative empirical data collected from policy documents, face-to-face semi-structured interviews and online news media articles, provided the evidence to thematically explore and evaluate the Maltese competent authorities’ organizational capacity across the implementation of three main WFD provisions that are in focus: Article 8, 9 and 14. As a result, the core components of organizational capacity are expanded and refined to produce an organizational capacity thematic map. The results show that competent authorities experience influences across the institutional frameworks they work in as well as external factors (primarily political). The results also support the idea of the organizational capacity components being highly interlinked and the presence (or lack thereof) of one component having knock-on effects on others within an organization. The combination of these two factors highly affect management options and outcomes in the implementation of the WFD. In the small state context of Malta these highlight the need to channel support in a coordinated manner from European counterparts to the Maltese water network. In turn, the water network can have positive knock-on effects on the organizational capacity of the Maltese competent authorities, which currently struggle to perform and seize available opportunities due to low possession of human resources and time availability. The approach and findings presented in this research provide a mechanism and evidence base that can facilitate bilateral discussions between Member States as well as with the European Commission, and help inform the WFD review process planned by end of 2019.
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Mokoena, Karabo. "Decentralisation of water resource management : a comparative review of catchment management authorities in South Africa and Victoria, Australia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19783.

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By the adoption of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM), South Africa has significantly changed its water management regime and the institutions governing water in this country. These changes were first introduced by the National White Policy Paper on Water in South Africa in 1997 and subsequently the National Water Act in 1998. One of the key components of IWRM is the decentralisation of water management to a regional or catchment level and the introduction of public participation in the water management sector. With the enactment of the NWA South Africa incorporated IWRM in its legal system and a decade on, authorities are now turning to its implementation. The NWA introduces Catchment Management Agencies (CMAs) in water management and gives them authority over water management at a catchment level. Initially there were nineteen (19) and this number has since been reduced to nine (9) due to a number of factors. South African authorities are now seeking ways in which they can effectively decentralise water to a catchment level, including delegating and assigning some of the functions currently held by the Minster to CMAs. Using Victoria, Australia as a comparative study, this study investigates how water management can best be decentralised to a catchment level; it starts off by investigating the theory of decentralisation and its pros and cons; then sets off to investigate water management has been decentralised in Australia from the national level, to state level and catchment level; it then investigates the role of Rural Water Authorities in Victoria and compares them to Catchment Management Agencies in South Africa. Finally the work highlights the water management regime and the various stakeholders in water management South Africa from a national level to a catchment level and the challenges facing South Africa in term of WRM; and then makes recommendations and a conclusion based on its research findings and the South African socio-economic and political context.
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Njalam'mano, John Bright Joseph. "Current Status and Management of Hand Pump Equipped Water Facilities in Blantyre Rural District, Malawi : Case Study of Kapeni and Lundu Traditional Authorities." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8179.

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Although the access to adequate safe drinking water is taken for granted in developed countries and urban settlements in some developing countries at the end of 2002 it was estimated that globally, some 1.1 billion people still rely on unsafe drinking water sources particularly in the developing regions of India and Africa. Malawi is one of the developing countries located in the arid-semiarid Sub-Saharan African region with only 62% of its people having access to safe drinking water. Boreholes and dug wells equipped with hand pumps is the technology that has assisted the country to increase the proportion of people having access to safe drinking water.

The underlying objectives of the study were to critically characterise the existing rural water facilities management systems, and to assess the status of the water facilities that were provided to rural communities by different organisations and individuals. The aim is to form an information base upon which rural water development efforts will be advanced and to expose points of intervention for sustainable rural water supply.

A survey was conducted in two traditional authorities of Kapeni and Lundu in Blantyre rural district where 94 water users were interviewed in their households. Physical inspection survey of the water facilities in the area under study was done. Focus group discussions and informal key informants’ interviews were also done.

A majority (54%) of the respondents indicated that they participated in various stages of their water supply project. The actual responsibility for the management of all water points which were visited lies with a representative group of local community known as water points committee (WPC). 97% of the water facilities that were surveyed had WPCs of which 67% received training in management, operation and maintenance (O&M) of the water facilities. There are two types of hand pumps that were found in the area, Malda and Afridev. 83% of the water facilities were still in order. The downtimes of the water facilities ranged from 1 to 360 days depending on the kind of fault.

The traditional leaders, Health Surveillance Assistants (HSAs) from government and mission clinics, water facility providers and the local communities themselves are the key players at community level. The trust that the communities have in their local leadership, the approach used in provision of the water facilities, the benefits that accrued to the local communities, and the length of time the WPCs serve the communities are the major factors that influence the communities’ participation in O&M activities. Inadequate number of qualified area technicians, theft of hand pump parts and high prices of some spare parts are some of the problems that impede effective O&M of the water facilities. To improve management, O&M of the water supply systems in the area communities have additional number of the water points, and training and refresher courses for WPCs and caretakers as some of their immediate needs. The common technical problems are hand pump related in water facilities equipped with Afridev hand pump and well drying for Malda hand pump equipped water facilities. The WPCs that are not active are those whose water facilities have been out of order for a long time. Recommendations are made regarding; planning phase, construction and operation phase, and government regulation.

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Musingafi, Maxwell. "Integrated resource management of potable water in Zimbabwe and South Africa : a comparative study in four local authorities / Maxwell Constantine Chando Musingafi." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10157.

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This study is a comparative analysis of the development of the IWRM induced public policies/legislation and services relating to potable water supply and their implementation in selected cases in Zimbabwe and South Africa. It looks at the diverse patterns of municipal governance, access to potable water, different intervention mechanisms made by the local authorities and the consequences of these interventions. The study hypothesises that the adoption of the IWRM policy framework in Harare, Masvingo, Tshwane and Vhembe was not followed by comparable implementation of the policy framework. It argues that lack of ownership, lack of political and public administrative will, and low prioritisation of potable water supply translated into a lack of policy implementation and enforcement, and a lack of adequate institutional facilities for dealing with potable water issues. Furthermore it hypothesises that the level of economic development and the status of technological/scientific knowledge within a community determine the adoption of the IWRM paradigm, its implementation, effectiveness and the efficiency of existing water frameworks and institutions. The objectives of the study were to investigate the extent to which the policy, institutional, legislative and legal frameworks helped in the implementation of the IWRM paradigm in each of four case study areas of Harare, Masvingo, Tshwane and Vhembe; to identify and explain the common and differing perspectives of stakeholders regarding the IWRM paradigm and its implementation in the governance of potable water supply in the four selected locations; to give a clear outline of the challenges faced by each of the four cases in the implementation of the IWRM paradigm and the governance of potable water supply; and to draw comparative lessons from the experiences of the four cases in their attempts to implement the IWRM framework. Research methods involved both a theoretical review and an empirical study based on case studies, making use of comparative, qualitative, historical and exploratory approaches. The empirical research design was hybrid, although dominated by the descriptive survey approach. The design matched well with the target population and sample that were scattered throughout all four case study areas. Questionnaires, interviews, documentary evidence and participant observation were used in the collection of data for this study. The empirical study was undertaken in three stages. The first was a preliminary study of the four areas and their water sources. This was followed by a pilot study with ten members from the city of Masvingo, and finally, a full scale investigation was made in all four study areas. A total of 521 people were sampled for the study. Questionnaires were distributed through municipal offices, Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) offices and local schools. Interviews were conducted with the municipal and council executives, water directors and their assistants. Informal discussions were also held with all direct research assistants. Data was then collated and analysed for presentation in narrative descriptions, tables, graphs, and actual frequencies and percentage responses. The study established that while the framework for a perfect water management system exists in Zimbabwe and South Africa, the situation on the ground does not reflect this common belief. The reform process has not progressed as expected owing to a combination of factors ranging from conflicting policies and weak institutional linkages, to insufficient funding. The effectiveness of the new system has been found wanting as far as implementation is concerned. It has been established that IWRM in southern Africa has a very strong base in the form of the internal push factors and international pull factors, but also faces an uphill task in terms of aligning local and international challenges thereby co-opting the much needed grassroots participation for human capacitation and socio-economic development as guided by the multi-faceted systems framework. All the studied municipalities were found lacking in terms of advocacy or enlightening residents and other stakeholders of the new IWRM framework adopted by the municipalities. Despite the infrastructural and technological sophistication and advancement, in South Africa, this study established that most stakeholders were still unaware of the new developments. Stakeholders, especially at the grassroots have been largely side-lined in the formulation and adoption of potable water supply policies. Due to pipe bursts and water interruptions, access to tap water is by no means always assured. During water cuts, residents depended on risky and potentially polluted sources even in urban centres. Due to agricultural and mining activities, the proximity of cemeteries, poor sanitation and toilet facilities in the peri-urban and nearby shanty communities, and also the dolomitic character of the soil in some of the study areas, there is a high probability that these substitute sources are polluted. The study recommends an integrated systems approach to the management of potable water supply, full involvement of all stakeholders in the management process, intensive and extensive public campaigns, training, lobbying and advocacy. It is also suggested that potable water supply infrastructure be improved through the use of the business community and other stakeholders, who should be mobilised through the use of attractive incentives. Among other recommendations are the due enforcement of water laws, venturing into entrepreneurial activities, interval reviews and check-ups, and walking the talk. The study also recommends a more detailed and deeper participatory study in collaboration with major cities and rural communities in other countries in the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) region, as well as regional comparative studies, for example SADC versus Economic Community Organisation of West African States (ECOWAS).
PhD (Public Management and Governance)|cNorth-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013
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Books on the topic "Water authorities"

1

Stafford, Bruce Robert. The water authorities' planning processes. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1986.

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Council, National Water. Water authorities [map]: As at 1.4.85. [London: Department of the Environment Cartographic Division, 1985.

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Office, Great Britain Scottish. Conservation, access and recreation: Code of practice for water and sewerage authorities and river purification authorities. (Edinburgh): Scottish Office, 1993.

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Office, Victoria Audit. Non-metropolitan urban water authorities: Enhancing performance and accountability. [Melbourne]: Govt. Printer, 2000.

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Flanagan, P. J. A handbook on implementation for sanitary authorities. (Dublin?): Environmental Research Unit, Department of the Environment, 1990.

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Carney, Michael. Privatisation of water authorities in England and Wales. London: Water Services Association£c1992., 1992.

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Group, Scotland Environment. Water quality and standards: Investment priorities for Scotland's water authorities 2002-2006. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive, 2001.

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Ireland. Department of the Environment. Protection of drinking water supplies: Guidelines for local authorities. Dublin: Department of the Environment, 1992.

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Harper, Jayson K. Regional management of water resources: River authorities in Texas. College Station, Tex: Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M Univeristy System, 1988.

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Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Water Level Management plans: A procedural guide for operating authorities. London: MAFF Publications, H.M.S.O, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water authorities"

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Lockwood, Harold, and Stef Smits. "6. An enabling environment for service authorities." In Supporting Rural Water Supply, 111–36. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780440699.006.

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Müller, Neitherd, and H. Herman Hahn. "The German Water Authorities Needs for Computer-Aided Support Systems." In Decision Support Systems, 295–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76048-8_13.

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Wagle, Subodh, Sachin Warghade, Tejas Pol, and Mandar Sathe. "Water Security: Assessing the Role of Reforms Related to Independent Regulatory Authorities in India." In Developing Country Perspectives on Public Service Delivery, 117–34. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2160-9_8.

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Di Vaio, Assunta, and Gabriella D’Amore. "Port Authorities and Water Concessionaires: The Role of Reporting in Management Control and Information Systems." In Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, 315–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35761-9_19.

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Aertgeerts, R. "Implementation of Health-Based Guidelines for Water Supplies in Europe and Central Asia: Management Considerations for Municipal Authorities Regarding Water Quantity and Quality." In Risk Assessment as a Tool for Water Resources Decision-Making in Central Asia, 45–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1050-4_4.

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Wu, Chen-Fa, Chen Yang Lee, Chen-Chuan Huang, Hao-Yun Chuang, Chih-Cheng Weng, Ming Cheng Chen, Choa-Hung Chang, Szu-Hung Chen, Yi-Ting Zhang, and Kuan Chuan Lu. "Sustainable Rural Development and Water Resources Management on a Hilly Landscape: A Case Study of Gonglaoping Community, Taichung, ROC (Chinese Taipei)." In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS), 115–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_7.

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AbstractThe Gonglaoping community is located in Central Western Taiwan, with approximately 700 residents. The hilly landscape contains farmlands and sloping areas with abundant natural resources. Locals rely on the Han River system and seasonal rainfall for water supply for domestic use and irrigation. Uneven rainfall patterns and high demand for water has led to the overuse of groundwater and conflicts among the people. The surrounding natural forests provide important ecosystem services, including wildlife habitats and water conservation, among others; however, overlap with human activities has brought threats to biodiversity conservation. Considering these challenges, locals were determined to transform their community towards sustainability. The Gonglaoping Industrial Development Association (GIDA) and the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau (SWCB) joined hands to initiate the promotion of the Satoyama Initiative, playing catalytic roles in several implementations, such as establishing water management strategies based on mutual trust, rebuilding the masonry landscape, and economic development, forming partnerships with other stakeholders. This multi-stakeholder and co-management platform allowed the community to achieve transformative change, particularly in resolving conflicts of water use, restoring the SEPL, enhancing biodiversity conservation, and developing a self-sustaining economy.Achieving sustainability in a SEPL requires the application of a holistic approach and a multi-sector collaborating (community-government-university) platform. This case demonstrates a practical, effective framework for government authorities, policymakers and other stakeholders in terms of maintaining the integrity of ecosystems. With the final outcome of promoting a vision of co-prosperity, it is a solid example showing a win-win strategy for both the human population and the farmland ecosystem in a hilly landscape.
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Caspe, H. P., A. Y. Kim, L. J. Bergen, and J. R. Araujo. "Environmental planning for the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority’s Metro West water supply tunnel." In Tunnelling’ 94, 227–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2646-9_15.

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Classen, Albrecht. "The Baby and the Bath Water: Satirical Laughter by Thomas Murner and Herman Bote as Catalysts for a Paradigm Shift in the Age Prior to the Protestant Reformation: Literary Comedy as a Medium to Undermine all Authorities and to Create a Power Vacuum." In Arizona Studies in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, 123–49. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.asmar-eb.5.117196.

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"water authorities." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1503. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_230302.

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Louka, Elli. "International Water Authorities and the Role of Secretariats." In Water Law and Policy, 385–90. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195374131.003.0024.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water authorities"

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Kusdini, Prihatin. "State Control of Authorities, Responsibilities and Implementing Decisions of Water Resources Management." In Proceedings of the First International Conference of Science, Engineering and Technology, ICSET 2019, November 23 2019, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.23-11-2019.2301596.

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Linenberg, Amos. "Continuous on Site Monitoring of VOCs in Water Sources." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4677.

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Public concern over the state of the environment is at an all-time high and rightfully so! Industry practice, recent government regulations and lax enforcement have allowed frightening practices to continue for too long. Industries must, by law, monitor the level of toxins they discharge into the environment. Collecting samples and sending them to an off-site laboratory for analysis is the normal practice to comply with present regulations. This protocol is not only a time-consuming and costly exercise, but does not provide continuous information for alerting the public and the authorities of a potential disaster. A water treatment plant is obligated to test water for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at frequencies that vary from a few times per week to once every three months. Authorities may test finished water as infrequently as once per year. This means that drinking water supplied or waste water discharged, between discrete analyses, is of unknown purity. Since September 11, 2001, an additional dimension, “water security”, has been added to the need for instantaneous analysis. Protection and preservation of water sources such as reservoirs, lakes and rivers from intentional and unintentional contamination, have become an issue, which involves homeland security. Here again, obtaining a fast and accurate response at all times is extremely important. Sentex Systems, Inc., which has specialized for several years in on site VOCs analysis, has developed a system by which online continuous analysis of VOCs in water is available. This system, which is based on the principle of in-situ purge and trap Gas Chromatography, will detect and analyze VOCs on site for most industrial and environmental applications, without the need for sample preparation, such as filtration. The system can continuously monitor process streams so that at any given time plant management knows what the VOC content is. The system, called the SituProbe, is already being used successfully in various industrial plants.
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VASILE, Diana Marinela, Mihnea Cristian POPA, Florentina TOMA, Daniel Constantin DIACONU, and Daniel Constantin DIACONU. "Flash Flood Assessment Using GIS and the Frequency Ratio Bivariate Statistical Model – Case Study, Codlea, Romania." In Air and Water – Components of the Environment 2021 Conference Proceedings. Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/awc2021_06.

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Floods are one of the biggest natural disasters, causing significant economic and human losses. Regardless of the degree of development of urban or rural systems, floods account for about a third of all-natural disasters globally. Identifying areas vulnerable to floods is essential for better management and mitigation of their effects. The research aims to identify areas vulnerable to floods in the city of Codlea, Brașov County. Annually, the city records significant floods, one of the determining factors being its location, near the southern slope of the Perșani Mountains. The research proposes the Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI) computation by combining GIS techniques with the Frequency Ration bivariate statistical model. The correlation of various flash-flood conditioning variables allowed us to compute the FFPI. The methodological approach could represent an essential tool for local authorities for better flood risk management.
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Jahanian, Shariar, and Hossein Rostami. "Removal of Cadmium From Contaminated Water." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/rsafp-8853.

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Abstract Over the past 15 years, about one half million sites with potential contamination have been reported to federal or state authorities. Of these, about 217,000 sites still need remediation (1) and new contaminated sites continue to appear each year. The most common type of contaminants are metals, solvents and petroleum products. Heavy metals are present in two thirds of DOD and superfund sites and about 50% of DOE and RCRA sites. AAM is a new material that possesses the ability to remove heavy metal from conaminated water. AAM consists of fly ash activating chemicals and fillers. AAM barrier material was used to remove Cd from contamination water. Fly ash from three different sources were used to produce reactive barrier of different permeability. AAM materials with permeability 10−2 to 10−1 was created. Only highest permeability proved to be viable for reactive barrier material. AAM barrier from three ash sources with permeability of 10−1 was produced and crushed into pelletized form. To determine effectiveness of the various barriers batch test was performed, based on that result the column test was conducted. In this work contamination barrier with controled permeabilty was tested to determine its ability to remove Cd from contaminated water. AAM barrier material was used in column test to remove Cd from 1000 ppm and 10 ppm solution. The results show that AAM barrier is very effective in removing Cd from highly contaminated water (up 99% efficiency).
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Jahanian, Shariar, and Hossein Rostami. "Removal of Chromium From Contaminated Water." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/rsafp-8854.

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Abstract Over the past 15 years, about one half million sites with potential contamination have been reported to federal or state authorities. Of these, about 217,000 sites still need remediation (1) and new contaminated sites continue to appear each year. The most common type of contaminants are metals, solvents and petroleum products. Heavy metals are present in two thirds of DOD and superfund sites and about 50% of DOE and RCRA sites. AAM is a new material that possesses the ability to remove heavy metal from conaminated water. AAM consists of fly ash activating chemicals and fillers. AAM barrier material was used to remove Cr from contamination water. Fly ash from three different sources were used to produce reactive barrier of different permeability. AAM materials with permeability 10−2 to 10−1 was created. Only highest permeability proved to be viable for reactive barrier material. AAM barrier from three ash sources with permeability of 10−1 was produced and crushed into pelletized form. To determine effectiveness of the various barriers batch test was performed, based on that result the column test was conducted. In this work contamination barrier with controled permeabilty was tested to determine its ability to remove Cr from contaminated water. AAM barrier material was used in column test to remove Cr from 1000 ppm and 10 ppm solution. The results show that AAM barrier is very effective in removing Cr from highly contaminated water (up 99% efficiency).
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Kangarani, H. M., S. R. Nezhad, S. R. Nezhad, and J. Bakhshi. "Investigation of Policy Structure in Legal Authorities of Institutions Related to Water Policy Making and Management in Iran through Network Analysis." In 2012 International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2012.216.

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Sharp, Bruce B. "Concept Water Hammer." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45264.

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Why Concept Water Hammer? We have a range of hydraulic concepts but as a poor cousin of hydrology it is often regarded as an exercise in Bernoulli and little else. Water hammer seldom gets suitable treatment which is neglectful, since in physical structures dynamic loads are not regarded lightly as most building codes will show. Expert systems for water hammer are proliferating and are indeed powerful. They tend to be machines which are activated by the press of a button and where the driver’s features are not visible, intrinsic rather than transparent. It would seem essential to have simple analytical techniques or some clear guidelines to provide a way of developing an overview, even approximate, which lends confidence to the sophisticated solution. There is a need, yet to be satisfied, to specify the dynamic limits of low pressures beside the maximum allowable over pressure for pipe plate thickness. There is a need, yet to be satisfied, to integrate dynamic (water hammer) analysis with the design of an optimum pipe size for a pumping associated system (see Sharp [1]) There is a need, to give priority to management of systems which are at risk due to water hammer, not now, but in years hence, when custom dictates that capacities increase and indeed gravity systems become pumping systems. In truth, optimum (least cost) systems often result when pumping is integrated rather than via a simple gravity flow system. In the same way as an earthquake vulnerability triggers the design approach in a structural analysis problem, so should Concept water hammer, where there is the possibility of air intrusion or 2 phase flow, demanding stringent guidelines for analysis. Is it good management to allow significant air ingress through anti-vacuum valves when the consequences of purging or restart have not been evaluated? When there are competitive water supply authorities having common or associated flow systems, Concept Water Hammer will need to show the degree of liability of one authority to another in the management of their distinct but associated systems. When a mechanical device with specification regarding water hammer is freely available Concept Water Hammer will emphasise the fact that such devices have characteristics that are not unique because they become defined as they are incorporated in a system, that is they are system specific. Examples of valve use and pumping with optimum rules and the limits of accuracy that can be obtained will be discussed. Uncertainties can be assisted by sensitivity analyses in forming a background for Concept Water Hammer.
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Asnaashari, Ahmad, and Isam Shahrour. "Analysis of Water Mains Failure Frequencies: Artificial Neural Networks Versus Poisson Regression, Case Study — Sanandaj-Iran." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43402.

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This paper includes analysis of water mains failure in Sanandaj city (in Iran) using both the artificial neural networks and the Poisson regression. This issue constitutes a major challenge in Iranian water authorities for its environmental consequences and associated direct and indirect costs such as the lost of purified water and the social impacts. According to 10-years collected data in Sanandaj city, an artificial neural networks model is proposed for the prediction of failure in water mains network; the performances of this model are then compared to the conventional Poisson regression. The input indicators include pipe material, size, age, thickness, length, depth, traffic category, maximum daily pressure and pervious failure events. Analyses show that both the artificial neural networks and the Poisson regression methods can be used for predicting and evolution of the water mains network. However, the former method showed better performances than the latter.
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Nennie, Erik D., Harry J. C. Korst, Knud Lunde, and Rune Myklebust. "Water Hammer Likely Cause of Large Oil Spill in North Sea." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77770.

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On December 12, 2007, the second largest oil spill in the history of Norwegian oil exploration occurred on StatoilHydro’s Statfjord Alpha platform. The spill was caused by a snapped 20″ oil off-loading hose. Thorough investigations by StatoilHydro [1] and by the Norwegian authorities [2] revealed the chain of events that led to this incident. One of the links in this chain was the unintended fast closure of the shuttle tanker’s bow loading valve during off-loading. This closure initiated a pressure surge in the oil off-loading system. As part of the internal investigation by StatoilHydro, TNO carried out a water hammer analysis of the entire oil off-loading system, including the off-loading hoses to the seabed and further subsea piping up to the platform. These simulations revealed that high pressures could occur in the oil off-loading system due to fast closure of the bow loading valve followed by multiple reflections at diameter changes. The maximum pressures were more than 100 bar above the normal operating pressure of 10 bar. The diameter changes were introduced into the oil off-loading system to maximize the off-loading capacity. The results of the water hammer analysis provided the missing link between the fast closure of the valve and the damaged hose and also showed that this damage most likely occurred within 0.5 second after the closure of the valve. Based on the results of this analysis, also other oil off-loading systems are being reinvestigated to prevent a similar incident to occur in the future.
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Peyghaleh, Elnaz, and Tarek Alkhrdaji. "Resource Allocation Model Toward Seismic Water Pipeline Risk Mitigation Measures." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93057.

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Abstract History of earthquake’s damages have illustrated the high vulnerability and risks associated with failure of water transfer and distribution systems. Adequate mitigation plans to reduce such seismic risks are required for sustainable development. The first step in developing a mitigation plan is prioritizing the limited available budget to address the most critical mitigation measures. This paper presents an optimization model that can be utilized for financial resource allocation towards earthquake risk mitigation measures for water pipelines. It presents a framework that can be used by decision-makers (authorities, stockholders, owners and contractors) to structure budget allocation strategy for seismic risk mitigation measures such as repair, retrofit, and/or replacement of steel and concrete pipelines. A stochastic model is presented to establish optimal mitigation measures based on minimizing repair and retrofit costs, post-earthquake replacement costs, and especially earthquake-induced large losses. To consider the earthquake induced loss on pipelines, the indirect loss due to water shortage and business interruption in the industries which needs water is also considered. The model is applied to a pilot area to demonstrate the practical application aspects of the proposed model. Pipeline exposure database, built environment occupancy type, pipeline vulnerability functions, and regional seismic hazard characteristics are used to calculate a probabilistic seismic risk for the pilot area. The Global Earthquake Model’s (GEM) OpenQuake software is used to run various seismic risk analysis. Event-based seismic hazard and risk analyses are used to develop the hazard curves and maps in terms of peak ground velocity (PGV) for the study area. The results of this study show the variation of seismic losses and mitigation costs for pipelines located within the study area based on their location and the types of repair. Performing seismic risk analysis analyses using the proposed model provides a valuable tool for determining the risk associated with a network of pipelines in a region, and the costs of repair based on acceptable risk level. It can be used for decision making and to establish type and budgets for most critical repairs for a specific region.
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Reports on the topic "Water authorities"

1

CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Water Resources Policies and Authorities Substantive Congressional Contacts. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403014.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Water Resources Policies and Authorities: Civil Works Ecosystem Restoration Policy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404066.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Water Resources Policies and Authorities: Local Cooperation Agreements for New Start Construction Projects. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404061.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Water Resources Policies and Authorities: Reimbursement for Non-Federal Participation in Civil Works Projects. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404316.

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Dunham, C., J. D. Lutz, and S. J. Pickle. Promoting plumbing fixture and fitting replacement: Recommendations and review for state and local water resource authorities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/212731.

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Gasparotto, Thatyanne, and Julia Ambrosano. Opportunities for Sustainable Infrastructure Investments at City Level in Brazil. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002639.

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This policy brief was developed in order to identify preliminary green /sustainable infrastructure opportunities for cities in Brazil. The rapidly growing green bond market can help local authorities to attract new sources of capital for financing subnational infrastructure. Water and sanitation, waste to energy and urban mobility were the sectors selected for an inicial assessment, given the investment needs in Brazilian municipalities and their alignment with low carbon development and resilience. This brief was also used to raise awareness across key infrastructure stakeholders in Brazil, and build a number of market education activities in the second semester of 2018.
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How to Disinfect Water After a Disaster. USDA Caribbean Climate Hub, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6941249.ch.

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After a natural disaster, it is often the case that the water is not suitable for consumption. Please How to Disinfect Water After a Disaster check with your local authorities to find out whether your water is safe.
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