Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wasted peat

Academic literature on the topic 'Wasted peat'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Wasted peat"

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Lyubov, V. K., A. N. Popov, and E. I. Popova. "Study the Еfficiency of the Вoiler Вurning Вiofuels and Рeat." Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, no. 3 (March 12, 2019): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-3-20-25.

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The results of experimental research thermal and environmental performance of the boiler "Firematic 60" burning pellets, bark, pressed wood sanding dust, granulated peat and sod peat and black pellets of hydrolytic lignin are presented. The research identified the heat balance components of the boiler and gaseous emissions during burning solid fuels. The emissions of solid particles and the content of soot particles are studied. Energy survey found boiler provides high thermal and environmental performance during burning biofuels and granulated peat that should be used for buildings heating; especially in the conditions of North-Arctic region. The organization of production of black pellets of hydrolytic lignin allowed to obtain high-quality fuel from biomass wasted 40–60 years ago.
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Bugbee, G. J., and C. R. Frink. "Composted Waste as a Peat Substitute in Peat-lite Media." HortScience 24, no. 4 (August 1989): 625–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.4.625.

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Abstract Sewage sludge, pharmaceutical fermentation residues, cranberry wastes, and food flavoring wastes that had been composted by in-vessel techniques were tested as substitutes for Canadian sphagnum peat in a Cornell peat-lite mix-A. Marigolds (Tagetes erecta L. ‘Lemondrop’) were grown in a medium containing 50% (by volume) vermiculite, and 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or 50% compost, with the remainder comprised of Canadian peat. Marigold growth was improved when any or all of the peat was replaced with composted sewage sludge. Except for media containing 40% and 50% composted food flavoring waste, plant growth in nonliquid fertilized media containing the other composts was equal or superior to conventional Cornell peat-lite mix. Except for media containing 50% pharmaceutical, 50% cranberry, or 40% or 50% food flavoring compost, plant growth was improved by supplemental liquid fertilizer. Improved growth was related to increased levels of plant nutrients, while decreased growth, at the highest proportions of compost, resulted from excessive NH4N, pH, or soluble salts. Differences in aeration, water holding capacity, and other physical media properties were small. We conclude that many types of organic wastes, composted by in-vessel techniques, can be used as a substitute for part or all of the peat in a conventional peat-lite potting media.
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Fields, Jeb S., James S. Owen, and Holly L. Scoggins. "The Influence of Substrate Hydraulic Conductivity on Plant Water Status of an Ornamental Container Crop Grown in Suboptimal Substrate Water Potentials." HortScience 52, no. 10 (October 2017): 1419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci11987-17.

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Many soilless substrates are inefficient with regard to water (i.e., high porosity and low water holding capacity), which provides an excellent opportunity to increase water efficiency in containerized production. We suggest that increasing hydraulic conductivity in the dry range of substrate moisture content occurring during production can increase water availability, reduce irrigation volume, and produce high quality, marketable crops. Three substrates were engineered using screened pine bark (PB) and amending with either Sphagnum peatmoss or coir to have higher unsaturated hydraulic conductivity between water potentials of −100 and −300 hPa. There was no correlation between substrate unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and saturated hydraulic conductivity (r = 0.04, P = 0.8985). Established Hydrangea arborescens (L.) ‘Annabelle’ plants were grown in the three engineered and a conventional (control) PB substrates exposed to suboptimal irrigation levels (i.e., held at substrate water potentials between −100 and −300 hPa) for 32 days. The plants in the engineered substrates outperformed the control in every growth and morphological metric measured, as well as exhibiting fewer (or no) physiological drought stress indicators (i.e., vigor, growth, plant development, etc.) compared with the control. We observed increased vigor measures in plants grown in substrates with higher unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, as well as greater plant water uptake. The coir increased unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and provided an increased air space when incorporated into coarse bark vs. if peat was incorporated into bark at the same ratio by volume. Increasing PB hydraulic conductivity, through screening bark or amending bark with fibrous materials, in concert with low irrigations can produce marketable, vigorous crops while reducing water consumed and minimizing water wasted in ornamental container production.
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Nkongolo, Nsalambi, Jean Caron, and Fabienne Gauthier. "Aeration Criteria and Plant Response in Peat Substrate Amended with Six Sources of Organic Wastes." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 799D—799. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.799d.

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Increasing rates (5%, 10%, 25%, and 40%, v/v) of six sources of organic wastes were substituted for peat to assess changes on the physical properties of peat–perlite media and the subsequent plant response. Wastes were both fresh and composted bio-filter, sewage sludge, and de-inked paper sludge. Geranium plants (Pelagornium ×hortum `Orbit Hot Pink') were grown in the media. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) and air-filled porosity (AFP) were successively measured with a Cote infiltrometer and by time-domain reflectometry. Pore space tortuosity (PST) and gas relative diffusivity (Dp/Do) were calculated. Both physical and plant growth parameters were significantly affected by the source and rate of application of waste. Ksat (P = 0.0001, r = 0.937), AFP (P = 0.001, r = 0.984), PST (P = 0.0001, r = 0.935), Dp/Do (P = 0.0001, r - 0.872) linearly increased as the rate of waste increased in the media. However, plant height (P = 0.0001, r = 0.856), root dry weight (P = 0.0001, r = 0.994), and shoot dry weight (P = 0.0001, r = 0.963) either linearly or quadratically decreased as the rate of waste increased. Decreases in plant growth parameters were most likely due to high salinity of organic wastes.
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Calkins, James B., Beth R. Jarvis, and Bert T. Swanson. "Compost and Rubber Tire Chips as Peat Substitutes in Nursery Container Media: Growth Effects." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 15, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-15.2.88.

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Abstract This research investigated the feasibility of using composted yard wastes, composted municipal solid waste and shredded rubber tire chips in nursery container media. Containerized Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Dart's Gold’, Forsythia × ‘Meadowlark’, Spiraea × billiardii, Juniperus chinensis ‘Seagreen’, J. sabina ‘Mini Arcade’, J. horizontalis ‘Hughes’, and Lamiastrum galeobdolon were grown in media amended with five recycled waste materials used as peat substitutes in a standard container medium of composted woodchips, peat, and sand (3:2:1 by vol). Waste materials used included three yard waste composts, one municipal solid waste compost and shredded rubber tire chips. Fifty or 100% of the peat in the standard growing medium was replaced with each amendment. Ten treatments (five amendments, each at 50% and 100% peat replacement) and a control (standard medium) were used for all seven plant species. Visual ratings, height and width measurements (crown volume), number of growing points and plant dry weights indicated that media in which 50% of the peat was replaced by an amendment produced larger plants of superior quality compared to the control. Rubber tire chips were acceptable as a 50% peat substitute for plants that prefer well-drained conditions, while 100% peat substitution with tire chips was detrimental to plant growth and performance. Use of immature compost in container media negatively influenced plant growth.
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López, Rocío, Dora Gondar, Juan Antelo, Sarah Fiol, and Florencio Arce. "Proton binding on untreated peat and acid-washed peat." Geoderma 164, no. 3-4 (September 2011): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.06.018.

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Hamzah, Noorfaizah, Nur ‘Ain Mat Yusof, and Muhammad Ihsan Haziq Mohd Rahimi. "Assessment of compressive strength of peat soil with sawdust and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) with hydrated lime as additive." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925801014.

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Construction activities on peat soils are found to be extremely difficult as the soil is profound as soft soil and has low shear strength and high moisture content. Due to alternating swelling and shrinkage nature, it causes serious damage to the structure above it. This happens due to repetition of drying and wetting of soil. Stabilization of soil is commonly applied to improve the mechanical properties of soil prior to soil engineering works. This soil improvement method is advantageous and effective one by using waste materials. Waste in our country is divided in various types and it includes domestic wastes, industrial wasters, agricultural wastes etc. Because of difficulties to diminish these wastes without affect to environment and surroundings, it can be used as a stabilizing agent in the soil. Therefore, this experimental study carried out to evaluate the effect of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and sawdust on engineering properties of the peat soil. The properties such as compaction and unconfined compressive strength are determined separately with sawdust and added of RHA in peat soil at a variety of percentages (2.5%, 5% etc.) in addition small amount of constant rate of lime with 2% of the dry soil weight. By obtaining the results, it can deduce a promising and improving result in stabilizing the soil with sawdust and Rice Husk Ash in both economic and strength capacity. This will not only solve the waste disposal problem but also enhance the strength characteristics of soil significantly.
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Hilwane, Nur Amalina, Norazzlina M. Sa’don, and Abdul Razak Abdul Karim. "Effect of Waste Tire Reinforcement with and without Cement Additives on Peat Strength Improvement." Defect and Diffusion Forum 411 (September 8, 2021): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.411.121.

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This paper presents the peat ground improvement techniques using waste-tire as a fibre reinforced material. In this study, two sizes of the waste-tire are chosen, which are 0.05 mm and 1-3 mm, respectively. The collected peat is classified as Sapric peat with the degree of decomposition of H7 based on von Post classification with high moisture content of 400% was recorded. The Sapric peat is treated with the waste-tire at designated percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% with the addition of 5% of cement acting as a binder. The untreated and treated peat without and with cement content are compacted at the optimum moisture content for both the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test and Direct Shear Box Test. The specimens were air-cured for 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. Hypothetically, higher percentages of rubber improve the shear stress value of the treated peat. According to the results the finer size (0.05mm) of the tire produces a higher shear stress, which may due the finer sizes of the waste-tire filled the void between the soil particles. Further, from the 90 days of curing UCS results, there is a significant increase in compressive strength with the increase percentage of the waste-tire peat mixed samples. In summary, soil stabilized by the scrap-tire is believed to decrease the optimum moisture content and the maximum dry densities, but it helps in increasing the unconfined compressive strength value. Stabilizing by using the tire wastes not only increasing the strength of the soil, but it also helps in reducing the disposal problems.
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Suo, Lin Na, Xiang Yang Sun, and Su Yan Li. "Charred and Composted Agriculture-Forestry Organic Wastes as Components of Growing Media for the Production of Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum Cv. ‘Pink Lady’)." Advanced Materials Research 211-212 (February 2011): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.211-212.48.

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The primary component of soilless rooting media for ornamental plant production is peat. However, quality peat is costly and is a nonrenewable natural resource. The current study compared the suitability of using charred and composted agriculture–forestry organic wastes (AFOW) vs. sphagnum peat as components of the growth medium for the ornamental plant Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanumcv. ‘Pink Lady’). Ten media were prepared from composted corn cobs (C), charred corn cobs (CH), charred garden wastes (CHG), and Pindstrup sphagnum peat moss (P). These media contained (% v/v): CH (100%), C (100%), CHG (100%), C (70%) + CHG (30%), CH (70%) + CHG(30%), C (35%) + CHG (15%) + P (50%), CH (50%) + P (50%), CH (35%) + CHG (15%) + P (50%), C (50%) + P (50%), and P (100%) as the control. After 8 months in the greenhouse, the growth and flowering of transplanted Anthurium were best with P, CH+P, CH+CHG+P. The results indicate that mixing charred AFOW with peat would provide a suitable medium for Anthurium production while reducing the need for peat and converting waste materials into useful products.
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Daigle, Jean-Yves. "Use of Sphagnum Peatmoss in a Composting Process." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 465E—465. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.465e.

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The general population is constantly reminded of the need to adopt a more environmental-friendly approach to waste disposal on all scales. Commercial fishing generates large proportions of waste, ranging from 40% to more than 80% of the catch! The objective of conserving the nutrients and other organic values contained in this type of waste is unlikely to be fully met by bulking for aerobic composting with materials of low buffering capacity, such as straw or wood wastes. However, the capacity of peat for deodorizing of decomposing organic wastes as well as its high buffering capacity has been well demonstrated. This presentation shows how the incorporation of sphagnum peatmoss in a composting process contributes significantly to the production of a valuable organic soil amendment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wasted peat"

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PETRONI, SERGIO L. G. "Avaliacao cinetica e de equilibrio do processo de adsorcao dos ions dos metais cadmio, cobre e niquel em turfa." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2004. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11138.

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Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Yu-Shah, Ho. "Adsorption of heavy metals from waste streams by peat." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.763933.

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Ho, Yuh-Shan. "Absorption of heavy metals from waste streams by peat." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8742/.

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Adsorption of heavy metal ions (e.g. copper, nickel and lead) onto sphagnum moss peat was investigated. The influence of pH, concentration, temperature, nature of solute, number of solutes simultaneously present, peat dose and reaction time on batch adsorption equilibria and kinetics tests were examined. Batch adsorption of copper and nickel onto peat was pH dependent, the optimum range being 4.0 to 5.0 for copper and 4.0 to 7.0 for nickel. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms showed a single relationship between initial metal concentration, metal removal, and initial pH. The latter was found to control efficiency of metal removal. The use of peat in removal of lead from aqueous solution was studied in batch experiments. Investigations included the effect of pH and temperature of adsorption. The adsorption equilibria data followed Langmuir and Freundlich models. Efficiency of lead removal depended very little on the reaction temperatures (12 to 37°C) and initial pH values (4.0 to 6.0). The results suggested that the adsorption process is endothermic for lead-peat adsorption. Kinetic data suggested involvement of a chemical rate-limiting step, and a predictive relationship was derived relating metal removal to peat dose. In comparison with other metals, nickel removal is poor, and possible reasons are discussed. Kinetic results also indicated that pore diffusion is not the only rate determining step in peat metal adsorption. A rate equation is described for the study of the kinetics of adsorption of aqueous divalent metal ions onto sphagnum moss peat for a range of conditions. An empirical model was devised for predicting percentage metal ion adsorbed. The model showed a high coefficient of correlation, indicating its reasonableness. The last section describes the results of an examination into the simultaneous adsorption by peat of several metals. Initially copper and nickel from both single- and bi-solute systems were tested. In general, pore diffusion appeared to be the rate-controlling step. The effects of competitive adsorption in batch systems for copper and nickel system was also studied in various ratios of metal concentration. A mathematical model was used successfully and shown to be predictive for various ratio of metal ions concentration in competitive adsorption. The dose effect on the uptake of metals on moss peat was also studied for bi-solute adsorption systems. The best interpretation which could be placed on the data was that the behaviour of nickel was unusual. The results also showed that the kinetics of adsorption were best described by a second-order expression rather than a first-order model. For metal ions which are of different size but are divalent metal ions, we used lead(II) and copper(II) as well as lead(II) and nickel(II) systems. The effects of competitive adsorption in batch systems indicated that copper had a greater effect on lead adsorption than did nickel. However, lead had a greater effect on nickel than copper. A copper, lead and nickel triple-solute system was also tested. The adsorption of any single metal such as copper, lead and nickel was hindered by the presence of the other metals. The competitive effect appears to have affected the three ions in the order nickel > lead > copper with nickel affected most; the adsorption capacity for each solute from the mixed solution was 15.9, 57.4 and 71.5% of that of a single-solute system for copper, lead and nickel, respectively. The kinetic results showed that the heavy metals are adsorbed fairly rapidly, and that there is a relatively good fit between experimental data and the second order model for copper, lead and nickel.
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Prativadi, Bayankara Srinivas. "Sorption of cadmium and nickel from solution by peat and modified peat /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,153836.

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Smith, Graham David. "Estimating potentially mineralizable nitrogen in organic growing media." Thesis, Coventry University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323032.

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Kopf, Sabrina. "Polymer rejuvenation of PET textile waste." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23819.

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Thermomechanical recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) typically includes a decrease in the polymer´s intrinsic viscosity and therefore a reduction of the molecular weight. Consequently, thermomechanical recycling is usually a downcycling of the product. However current methods to increase the molecular weight such as solid-state polymerization or the usage of chain extenders are time consuming or introduce foreign molecules into the PET´s molecular chain. Thus, the aim of this work was to try to increase the molecular weight in the molten state in an extruder, to decrease the processing times. The processing times are reduced compared to the solid-state polymerization because in the molten state the movability of the polymer chain is increased. Moreover, no supplementary substances are added for the processing so that no foreign structures are introduced during reprocessing. Virgin PET pellets were extruded at 285°C, 290°C and 295°C set temperature and 2rpm, 4rpm, and 7rpm screw rotation rate. Afterwards the PET´s properties were investigated by measuring their intrinsic viscosities, conducting a 1H NMR and a DSC measurement. Additionally, pre-experiments were conducted to explore the possibilities of feeding industrial scrap polyester fabrics into the extruder. The polymer characterization showed that the intrinsic viscosity and therefore the molecular weight of the processed samples decreased with the parameters chosen for this experiment. Samples processed at 285°C and 7 rpm showed in the average the highest intrinsic viscosities and therefore the highest molecular weight of all processed samples. Additionally, the results of the 1H NMR and the DSC indicated degradation reactions such as thermal degradation and hydrolysis. Thus, further research is necessary to find an easily accessible recycling method for polyester textiles and reduce the amount of polyester textile waste. However, it is possible to feed long textile stripes into the twin screw extruder and reprocess it to a strand which is an important step for further recycling.
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Magnusson, Evelina, Mattias Klang, and Moa Westlund. "PET-bottles: From waste to resource." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264432.

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One of the biggest problems in Guatemala is the handling of plastic waste. Many of the watercourses and rivers in Guatemala are filled with plastic bottles which has a negative impact on both nature and the country’s inhabitants. At the same time, Guatemala is dealing with the problem of segregation between rich and poor. More than half of the population live under the poverty line and in bad conditions. Houses created by thin walls and aluminium roofs are common. In an earlier project an attempt to tackle part of these two issues has been developed by creating roofs our of plastic bottles. The project has been successful but also has some room for improvements. In this report these areas of improvements are investigated and analyzed by building a roof for a structure of 9 square meters. This project has a focus on improving the production process and product in order to make them comparable with the aluminium roofing sheets most commonly used today. With tests of possible external impacts that the roof likely will have to withstand, the solidity of the roof has been determined at the same time that evaluation of the process for one person has been compared with building a roof out of aluminium. Since aluminium is expensive and difficult to repair, the roof made out of plastic waste could be good alternative. However it may need an industrial process in order to make it cost and time effective. The production of a roof covering a building of nine square meters need 600 bottles and 41 hours of work.
Ett av Guatemalas största problem är avfallshantering. Många av Guatemalas vattendrag är fyllda av plastflaskor och annat avfall vilket har en negativ påverkan på både naturen och landets befolkning. Samtidigt har Guatemala stora problem med segregation mellan fattiga och rika. Mer än hälften av befolkningen lever under fattigdomsgränsen och i dåliga förhållanden. I städer hör det inte till ovantligheten att se hus som enbart består av lätta väggar med en aluminiumplåt som tak. I ett tidigare projekt har dessa två problem försökts sammanfogas och lösas genom en process där PET-flaskor omformas till takbrickor. Projektet har varit framgångsrikt men har ett flertal förbättringsområden. I denna rapport har dessa förbattringsområden undersökts och analyserats genom att bygga ett tak för en struktur vars bas är 9 kvadratmeter. Detta projekt har fokus på att utveckla en process och en produkt som är jämförbara med de aluminiumtak som används idag. I form av tester på de möjliga påfrestningar tak utsätts för i Guatemala har kvaliten hos taken bedömts samtidigt som processen har beprövats och jämförts med processen för en privatperson att konstruera ett aluminiumtak. Då alumniumtak är dyrt och svårt att reparera kan plasttaken vara ett alternativ. Dock kan det krävas en industrialisering av processen för att det ska vara kostnads och tidseffektivt. Produktionen av ett plasttak på en byggnad som är nio kvadratmeter kräver 600 plastflaskor och 41 timmars arbete.
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Freitas, Dayane Taylor de. "Estudo da separação triboeletrostática de resíduos poliméricos pósconsumo e determinação do limite de contaminação entre PET e PEAD." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97134/tde-04122018-141312/.

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A utilização de polímeros tem crescido de maneira significativa em diversos setores da indústria, substituindo materiais como madeira, metais, vidros, entre outros. Entretanto, a constante geração de resíduos poliméricos pós-consumo e seu descarte, tem gerado problemas ao meio ambiente, pois grande parte desses materiais ainda é disposta em aterros sanitários. Assim, a reciclagem de polímeros tem se mostrado uma alternativa mais econômica e ambientalmente correta, já que contribui para minimizar o consumo de recursos finitos, como o petróleo, além de reduzir a emissão de gases tóxicos nos processos de produção e decomposição. No processo de reciclagem, a separação dos polímeros em seus diferentes tipos é uma das etapas mais importantes, pois devido às diferenças nas propriedades químicas e físicas desses materiais, quando misturados e processados, geram produtos finais de baixa qualidade. No Brasil, o método de separação mais utilizado é o de separação manual, porém apresenta grandes desvantagens devido às condições insalubres às quais o trabalhador é submetido e devido a erros de natureza humana cometidos durante o processo. Desta maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar diferentes métodos de separação de resíduos poliméricos, dando ênfase na separação triboeletrostática, além de determinar limites de contaminação entre poli (tereftalato de etileno) (PET) e polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) no produto final reciclado. Foi desenvolvido um dispositivo para separação triboeletrostática de polímeros, o qual se mostrou efetivo na separação de misturas de poli(cloreto de vinila) (PVC)/PET, PVC/acrilonitrila-butadieno-estireno (ABS) e ABS/PEAD, atingindo porcentagens de recuperação maiores que 80% e grau de pureza acima de 90%. No estudo da contaminação entre PET e PEAD, com base na morfologia e propriedades mecânicas apresentadas pelas blendas avaliadas, foi determinado o limite de 3% de contaminação de PET no PEAD, porém não foi possível determinar um limite para a contaminação de PEAD no PET, pois mesmo em pequenas concentrações do contaminante, as blendas apresentaram comportamento instável nos ensaios mecânicos realizados, devido às suas características morfológicas.
The use of polymers has increased significantly in several industrial sectors, replacing materials such as wood, metals, glass, etc. However, the constant generation of plastic wastes and their disposal generate environmental problems, because most of them are disposed to landfill. Thus, polymer recycling seems to be the most economical and environmentally friend alternative, since it contributes to minimize the consumption of non-renewable resources, as petroleum, also reducing the toxic gases emission generated during the production and decomposition processes. The polymer separation in their different types is one of the most important stages of the recycling process, because due to the diferences in their chemical and physical properties, when they are mixed and processed, low quality products are produced. In Brazil, manual separation is the most used method, but it presents great disadvantages, due to the unheathy conditions that the workers are subjected to and the possibility of human errors during the process. The aim of this work was to study different polymer separation methods, emphasizing the triboelectrostatic separation, besides determining contamination limits between polyterephthalate ethylene (PET) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) in the final recycled product. A device for triboelectrostatic separation of polymers was developed, which was effective in the separation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) / PET, PVC / acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and ABS / HDPE blends, reaching percentages of recovery greater than 80% and purity above 90%. Contamination between PET and HDPE was evaluated, based on the morphology and mechanical properties presented by the blends prepared. The limit of 3% of PET contamination in the HDPE was determined, but it was not possible to determine the limit for the contamination of HDPE in PET, because even in small concentrations of the contaminant, the blends presented unstable behavior in the mechanical tests performed, due to the morphological characteristics of the blends produced.
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Nordin, Anders. "On the chemistry of combustion and gasification of biomass fuels, peat and waste : environmental aspects." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-110672.

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PETRONI, SERGIO L. G. "Estudos de adsorcao de zinco e cadmo em turfa .Potencialidade de utilizacao de um bioadsorvedor natural em sistemas de tratamento de efluentes." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1999. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10746.

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Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Books on the topic "Wasted peat"

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Rosenthal, Seymour. SITE program demonstration test, Shirco infrared incineration system, Peak Oil, Brandon, Florida. Cincinnati, OH: Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1988.

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Rosenthal, Seymour. SITE program demonstration test, Shirco infrared incineration system, Peak Oil, Brandon, Florida. Cincinnati, OH: Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1988.

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Ho, Yuh-Shan. Absorption of heavy metals from waste streams by peat. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1995.

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Foss, Peter J. IPCC guide to community composting: Help fight the war on waste, create an excellent source of free compost, and protect wildlife. Dublin: Irish Peatland Conservation Council, 1997.

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Kislov, N. V. Gidrot͡s︡iklonnoe osvetlenie vody. Minsk: "Navuka i tėkhnika", 1990.

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Schwaar, Jürgen. Zur Bewertung von Bodenverbesserungsmitteln durch Bestimmung von Zersetzungsgrad und Rotte der organischen Substanz. Hannover: Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe und den Geologischen Landesämtern in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 1990.

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Kouvo, Petri. Formation and control of trace metal emissions in co-firing of biomass, peat, and wastes in fluidised bed combustors. Lappeenranta, Finland: Lappeenranta University of Technology, 2003.

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Osborn, Matthew Roy. The professional pooper-scooper: How to start your own low-cost, high profit dog waste removal service. [S.l.]: M.R. Osborn, 1997.

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Cole, Derek. Sewage incinerator ash as a potential growth medium and phosphorus source in the revegetation of mine wastes and the potential role of admixed peat in the release of phosphorus. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Biology, 1994.

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H, Johnson James. Guidelines for quality assurance inspection of commercial activities contracts for real property maintenance activities. Champaign, Ill: US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wasted peat"

1

Martin, Antonio M. "Peat as an Agent in Biological Degradation: Peat Biofilters." In Biological Degradation of Wastes, 341–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3664-8_16.

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Hameed, Fozia, Neeraj Gupta, and Rukhsana Rehman. "Pear Wastes and By-Products." In Handbook of Fruit Wastes and By-Products, 305–14. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003164463-20.

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Bartels, R., and B. Scheffer. "Limitations for slurry application to peat grassland." In Animal Manure on Grassland and Fodder Crops. Fertilizer or Waste?, 365–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3659-1_40.

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Qadir, Rahman, Farooq Anwar, Mian Anjum Murtaza, and Muhammad Fayyaz ur Rehman. "Chemistry, Functionality and Technological Applications of Pear Bio-waste." In Mediterranean Fruits Bio-wastes, 375–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84436-3_15.

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Yoshioka, Toshiaki, and Guido Grause. "Feedstock Recycling of PET." In Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics, 641–61. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470021543.ch25.

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Bobulski, Janusz, and Jacek Piatkowski. "PET Waste Classification Method and Plastic Waste DataBase - WaDaBa." In Image Processing and Communications Challenges 9, 57–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68720-9_8.

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Md Zain, Nor Hazwani, and Muhammad I’zaz Zulastry. "Compressive Strength of Peat Soil Treated with Waste Tyre Granules." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 185–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1193-6_21.

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Chen, Y., Y. Hadar, and Y. Inbar. "The Use of Composted Agricultural Waste as Peat Substitute in Horticulture." In Processing and Use of Organic Sludge and Liquid Agricultural Wastes, 389–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4756-6_27.

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Heckmann, Lars-Henrik Lau. "Closing the loop with industrial insect farming." In Insects as animal feed: novel ingredients for use in pet, aquaculture and livestock diets, 39–44. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245929.0005.

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Abstract This chapter describes the circular economy and industrial insect farming, opportunities and challenges of utilizing organic wastes in an industrial setting and insects as valorizers of organic wastes.
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Vorobyev, Dmitry, Yuri Borisenko, Dmitry Shvachev, and Stepan Rudak. "Effective Polymer-Modified Bitumen Based on PET Waste." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 417–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10853-2_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wasted peat"

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Constantinescu, Rodica Roxana, Gabriel Zainescu, Mariana Ferdes, and Iulia Caniola. "Pelt waste degradation using active microbial consortia." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.ii.5.

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In tanneries, environmental problems have special implications in terms of optimizing the consumption of used chemicals, applied technologies, the degree of recovery of useful substances from leather waste. Biodegradation is the process by which organic substances are broken down by microorganisms. From an ecological point of view, biodegradability assessments of new materials and compounds in the industry are essential to understand and quantify their impact on the environment. The sustainable development of the leather industry has focused on major environmental issues, such as clean production methods and waste management. Tanneries generate huge quantities of solid wastes as pelt waste. If these bio-waste materials are not utilized properly, they are potential source of pollution. Microbiological degradation of pelt waste is amongst the permanent concerns of leather processing units. The process may have the purpose of decomposing waste to exploit by-products as biocompost or to obtain proteases through a biotechnological process. These enzymes can be used after purification in various processes that have animal protein as a substrate. They can also be used in raw state for enzymatic hydrolysis. The paper aims at development of an experimental model on the bioenzymatic degradation process of protein waste from tanneries.
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Chen, Jinyang, Zhi Li, Guiyang Liu, and Pei Ni. "Hydrothermal Depolymerization of Waste PET." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5517887.

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López-Fonseca, R., M. P. González-Marcos, J. R. González-Velasco, and J. I. Gutiérrez-Ortiz. "Chemical recycling of PET by alkaline hydrolysis in the presence of quaternary phosphonium and ammonium salts as phase transfer catalysts." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm080521.

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Fahey, Christine A., G. Glenn Case, Andrea T. Denby, and Tim Palmeter. "Preparing for the Construction Phase of the Port Hope Area Initiative: Canada’s Largest Low-Level Radioactive Waste Clean-Up Project." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59307.

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The Port Hope Area Initiative (PHAI) is a federally-sponsored project to clean-up the historic low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) arising from the operations of Eldorado Nuclear, a former federal crown corporation, and its private sector predecessors. The waste is mostly in the form of contaminated soil and was generated between 1932 and 1988 when Eldorado was dissolved. This paper provides a summary of the origin of the waste, the initial attempt to address the waste issue, and the current initiative which began in 2001. More specifically, this paper provides an introduction to the project and the work accomplished in Phase 1, specific details regarding the ongoing Transition Phase 1A and a sneak peak at the plan for Phase 2 when the construction and remediation activities will be performed and the wastes safely emplaced in new engineered containment mounds.
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Sulman, E., Yu Kosivtsov, M. Sulman, V. Alfyorov, Yu Lugovoy, K. Chalov, O. Misnikov, A. Afanasjev, N. Kumar, and D. Murzin. "Catalytic pyrolysis of peat with additions of oil-slime and polymeric waste." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2012: (ICFAS2012). AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757541.

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Gupta, Suneet, and Gagan Deep. "Agricultural waste based-coco peat and coconut shell activated carbon microwave absorber." In 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imarc.2016.7939621.

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Wang Hai, Chen De-zhen, Wang Zhong-hui, and Zhou Gongming. "Notice of Retraction Waste plastic pyrolysis process control method based on morphological characteristics." In 2011 IEEE Power Engineering and Automation Conference (PEAM 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peam.2011.6134847.

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Kanazawa, Tomomi, Yasuo Takahashi, and Akira Ohmori. "Process Analysis of Plasma Spraying of Recycled PET Based on a Heat Balance Model." In ITSC2004, edited by Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau. ASM International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2004p0968.

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Abstract In the present study, waste PET bottle was used as a recycled PET plate substrate for plasma spraying. The plasma spraying process to PET was analyzed by a heat balance model during the plasma spraying for the purpose of determining the optimal spraying condition. It was found that Cu and TiO2 powders could be coated on the surface of recycled PET plate. The implantation of Cu and TiO2 particles into the PET substrate was sometimes observed under a certain spray conditions. Both kinds of Cu and TiO2 particles retained their original spherical shape. Cu coatings were formed when almost copper particles were melted to 1780 K greater than the melting point of Cu. In anatase TiO2 spraying process, heat input to anatase particles adhered to PET was much less than that to adhered rutile particles so that anatase TiO2 could be coated on PET plates. Heat input during plasma spraying is, therefore, very important for endowing wasted PET materials with a new function by plasma spraying of metal and ceramics such as Cu and TiO2. Although the idea about the heat balance is very simple, the analysis is useful for optimizing the spraying process of PET.
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Ficai, Denisa, Maria Sonmez, Anton Ficai, Ioana Lavinia Ardelean, and Ecaterina Andronescu. "Harnessing PET Wastes by Compounding with Functionalized Flax." In The 2nd World Congress on Recent Advances in Nanotechnology. Avestia Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icnnfc17.136.

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Yin, Lijie, Qing Lu, and Dezhen Chen. "Recovery of steam produced from a large scale medical waste incinerator boiler: Choice of utilization system." In 2011 IEEE Power Engineering and Automation Conference (PEAM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peam.2011.6135066.

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Reports on the topic "Wasted peat"

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Kim, Jinwon, and Jucheol Moon. Congestion Costs and Scheduling Preferences of Car Commuters in California: Estimates Using Big Data. Mineta Transportation Institute, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2031.

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On average, California car commuters waste 4–5 minutes per morning commute due to congestion. Multiplied across all California car commuters, those few minutes entail a yearly total of approximately 2.3 billion hours of time wasted, costing 6 billion dollars. The objective of this study is to quantify congestion costs and determine how commuters adapt to the level of congestion they face (i.e., commuters’ scheduling utility functions). To that end, this research developed a model of trip scheduling under congestion to construct California commuters’ travel-time profiles, i.e., the menu of travel times that each individual would likely face according to alternate trip timing choices. The results show that commuters facing higher levels of congestion tend to avoid delays by arriving at an inconvenient edge time rather than commuting during the peak. Further, commuters are willing to accept about 0.5 additional minutes of schedule delay to reduce travel time by 1 minute. We found that for most commuters in our data, the travel time profile is much flatter than the estimated schedule utility, which implies that commuters tend to arrive around their own ideal arrival times, although the estimated utility function exhibits a moderate schedule inflexibility. This finding ultimately calls into question the existing bottleneck model’s quantification of the economic cost of congestion as well as the optimal toll to ameliorate congestion.
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Melanie, Haupt, and Hellweg Stefanie. Synthesis of the NRP 70 joint project “Waste management to support the energy turnaround (wastEturn)”. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp70_nrp71.2020.2.en.

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A great deal of energy can be sourced both directly and indirectly from waste. For example, municipal waste with an energy content of around 60 petajoules is incinerated in Switzerland every year. The energy recovered directly from this waste covers around 4 % of the Swiss energy demand. However, the greatest potential offered by waste management lies in the recovery of secondary raw materials during the recycling process, thus indirectly avoiding the energy-intensive production of primary raw materials. In order to optimise the contribution to the energy turnaround made by waste management, as a first step, improvements need to be made with respect to the transparent documentation of material and cash flows, in particular. On the basis of this, prioritisation according to the energy efficiency of various recycling and disposal channels is required. Paper and cardboard as well as plastic have been identified as the waste fractions with the greatest potential for improvement. In the case of paper and cardboard, the large quantities involved result in considerable impact. With the exception of PET drinks bottles, plastic waste is often not separately collected and therefore offers substantial improvement potential. Significant optimisation potential has also been identified with regard to the energy efficiency of incineration plants. To allow municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants to use the heat they generate more effectively, however, consumers of the recovered steam and heat need to be located close by. A decisive success factor when transitioning towards an energy-efficient waste management system will be the cooperation between the many stakeholders of the federally organised sector. On the one hand, the sector needs to be increasingly organised along the value chains. On the other hand, however, there is also a need to utilise the freedom that comes with federal diversity in order to test different solutions.
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Giri, Anit, Frank Kellogg, Kyu Cho, and Marc Pepi. Powder Production From Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Water Bottles. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada606359.

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Stewart, Charles W., Stacey A. Hartley, Perry A. Meyer, and Beric E. Wells. Predicting Peak Hydrogen Concentrations from Spontaneous Gas Releases in Hanford Waste Tanks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15016741.

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Horton, David, Victoria Soroker, Peter Landolt, and Anat Zada Byers. Characterization and Chemistry of Sexual Communication in Two Psyllid Pests of Pears (Homoptera: Psyllidae). United States Department of Agriculture, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592653.bard.

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Pear-feeding psyllids in the genus Cacopsylla (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) are among the most important arthropod pests of pears worldwide. These pests are exceedingly difficult to control, and new management tools are needed. Sex attractantpheromones have been used in IPM programs for pests of pome fruits (especially Lepidoptera), but not as yet for pest Hemiptera. Results of the current project showed that males of two psyllid pests of pears, Cacopsylla bidens (Israel) and Cacopsylla pyricola (North America), use volatile or semi-volatile compounds to locate female psyllids for mating. For both species, the attractants can be collected from the cuticle of females by washing live female psyllids with an appropriate solvent. Analysis of these washes by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry led to the following discoveries: Psyllid cuticles contain a mix of hydrocarbons, straight chain and branched alkanes, and long chain aldehydes The two species have different chemical profiles Chemical profiles change seasonally and with reproductive status Chemical profiles differ between male and reproductive female psyllids Several specific compounds found to be more abundant in attractive females than males were identified and synthesized. Behavioral assays (olfactometer) were then used to determine whether these compounds were attractive to males. Two compounds showed promise as attractants for male psyllids: 7-methylheptacosane (C. bidens) and 13-methylheptacosane (C. pyricola and C. bidens). These are the first sex attractantpheromones identified for any psyllid species. Field tests showed that the chemicals could be used to attract males under orchard conditions, but that effectiveness in the field appeared to be seasonally variable. Future research plans include: (a) test mixtures of compounds; (b) explore seasonality in field response to compounds; (c) determine whether chirality of the two compounds affects their attractiveness; and (d) compare different types of traps and release devices to optimize lure performance.
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Michel Jr., Frederick C., Harry A. J. Hoitink, Yitzhak Hadar, and Dror Minz. Microbial Communities Active in Soil-Induced Systemic Plant Disease Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586476.bard.

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Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) is a highly variable property that can be induced by compost amendment of potting media and soils. For example, previous studies showed that only 1 of 79 potting mixes prepared with different batches of mature composts produced from several different types of solid wastes were able to suppress the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae compared with disease on plants produced in a nonamended sphagnum peat mix. In this project, microbial consortia in the rhizosphere of plants grown in ISR-active compost-amended substrates were characterized. The plants used included primarily cucumber but also tomato and radish. Rhizosphere microbial consortia were characterized using multiple molecular tools including DGGE (Israel) and T -RFLP (Ohio) in both ISR-active field plots and potting media. Universal as well as population-specific bacterial and fungal PCR primers were utilized. T -RFLP analyses using universal bacterial primers showed few significant differences in overall bacterial community composition in ISR-active and inactive substrates (Ohio). In addition, the community members which were significantly different varied when different ISR-activecomposts were used (Ohio). To better characterize the shifts in microbial community structure during the development of ISR, population specific molecular tools were developed (Israel, Ohio).-PCR primers were designed to detect and quantify bacterial groups including Pyrenomycetes, Bacillus, Pan toea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Streptomyces as well as Trichoderma and Fusarium; two groups of fungi that harbor isolates which are ISR active (Isreal and Ohio). Bacterial consortia associated with cucumber plants grown in compost-amended potting mixtures were shown to be dominated by the phylogenetic taxon Bacteroidetes, including members of the genus Chryseobacterium, which in some cases have been shown to be involved in biocontrol (Israel). Nested-PCR-DGGE analyses coupled with long l6S rDNA sequencing, demonstrated that the Chryseobacteriumspp. detected on seed and the root in compost-amended treatments were derived from the compost itself. The most effective ISR inducing rhizobacterial strains were identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial sequencing of l6S rDNA. However, these strains were significantly less effective in reducing the severity of disease than Trichoderma hamatum382 (T382). A procedure was developed for inoculation of a compost-amended substrate with T -382 which consistently induced ISR in cucumber against Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsiciand in radish against bacterial spot (Ohio). Inoculation of compost-amended potting mixes with biocontrol agents such as T -382 and other microbes that induce systemic resistance in plants significantly increased the frequency of systemic disease control obtained with natural compost amendments.
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