Relevant bibliographies by topics / Waste products as building materials

Academic literature on the topic 'Waste products as building materials'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Waste products as building materials"

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SK, Jose. "Building Blocks Using Foamed Concrete with Industrial Waste Materials." Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics 4, no. 4 (2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000167.

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Clay bricks or hollow/solid concrete blocks are used as infills for reinforced concrete framed structures in the present construction scenario. There is substantial depletion of natural resources during the production of conventional bricks, which create environmental pollution due to burning of bricks. Also, for the production of hollow/solid cement concrete blocks, large quantities of cement and natural aggregates are being used. This enforces researchers to develop a more feasible, lighter and greener alternate material for infills. Foamed concrete (FC) is such an innovative and versatile material, which consists of a cement based mortar having minimum 20% of volume filled with air. The effective consumption of industrial by-products for the production of FC lead to preservation of natural resources, solving disposal issues of these wastes. FC is found to be economically viable, light in weight, durable, thermally resistive as well as environmentally sustainable. This research focuses on the feasibility of utilizing the industrial waste materials such as fly ash and GGBFS as partial substitute for cement and quarry dust as substitute for fine aggregate. The influence of these waste materials on foamed concrete and the development of properties like compressive strength, dry density, water absorption and thermal conductivity were studied.
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Cohen, Ehud, Gabriela Bar Nes, and Alva Peled. "Development of Sustainable Alternative Building Materials from Quarry Dust." Key Engineering Materials 761 (January 2018): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.761.181.

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The main goal of our work is to develop an alternative building material based on “zero waste” objective, thus creating commercially valuable products from materials that are otherwise high-volume waste products. Fine dolomitic quarry dust is a waste product manufactured in several millions of cubic tons each year in the mining industry of Israel. Our study examines a sustainable and useful solution to use this quarry dust (QD) as a part of fly ash based geopolymeric systems. Mechanical, thermal and chemical properties were examined and analyzed.
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Fomina, Natalya, Olga Fedotova, and Mikhail Polyanskiy. "Changes in the composition and structure at PET-waste processing into building materials." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825101002.

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The results of studies of the composition and structure of polyethylene terephthalate in the process of thermomechanical processing of polymeric wastes as well as properties of waste products obtained on the basis of waste are presented. Methods of infrared spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry, as well as standard methods for manufacturing and testing the technical properties of samples of structural building products were used. As a result of thermomechanical processes during re-melting of polyethylene terephthalate waste, the number of hydroxyl groups in the polymer composition decreases, due to the possible cross-linking and polycondensation of macromolecules through terminal hydroxyl and unactivated carboxyl groups. In this case, conformational rearrangements take place in the structure of polyethylene terephthalate. When thermomechanical processing of secondary PET with rapid cooling of the melt, the temperature of the onset of subsequent melting decreases, which allows to reduce power consumption in melting-mixing units during the process of manufacturing construction products. Construction and technical properties of secondary PET as binder composite building materials allow to obtain potentially durable products with structural strength and high decorative.
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Lemeshev, Mikhail, Kateryna Sivak, Maksym Stadniychuk, and Roman Sivak. "PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF MAN-MADE RAW MATERIALS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITE BINDERS VINNYTSIA NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY." Modern technology, materials and design in construction 33, no. 2 (March 22, 2023): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-36-45.

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The aggravation of the economic and environmental situation in Ukraine necessitates the development of new efficient technologies for the processing and use of industrial technogenic waste from the thermal power and chemical industries. Such technologies should ensure the maximum degree of use in the production of high-quality efficient building products. The choice of technology for the preparation, processing and use of industrial waste depends on the chemical, mineralogical, granulometric composition and method of production. Despite the fact that such wastes are used mainly as inert fillers, their overall use remains low. The share of their use in the manufacture of building products is 5-12%, at the same time, the manufacture of building products requires additional energy costs. Many industrial and municipal wastes, which are of great practical interest, remain insufficiently demanded for various reasons. In this regard, the popularization of the likely directions for the introduction of industrial waste and the effect achieved in this case is of fundamental importance. One of the main industries for the integrated use of waste is the industry of building materials, where this raw material can act as the basis for the creation of new highly efficient materials. Predicting the properties of such materials is a rather difficult task, the solution of which can be achieved through the formation of a systematic approach to determining quality indicators, as well as predicting and regulating the properties of materials depending on the goals and objectives solved by builders and technologists in the manufacture of building products.
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Fomina, Natalya, Irina Pavlova, and Maria Kochergina. "Industrial Waste as Components of Building Materials." E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022204002.

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The possibilities of using large-tonnage waste from the Saratov region in the production of building materials are analysed. Waste was investigated: phosphogypsum - waste from the production of mineral fertilizers; steel-making slag, limestone crushing waste, construction waste (crushed concrete). The extraction of strontium and rare-earth metals from phosphogypsum is substantiated, followed by its processing into products that solidify according to the non-hydration principle, or use in the compositions of expanding cements. The development of geopolymer binders of alkaline activation based on steel-making slags is proposed. The introduction of low water demand carbonate cements into construction practice has been substantiated. Limestone crushing waste can be used as a carbonate mineral additive. The processing of crushed concrete waste into crushed stone, coarse sands and finely dispersed additives into cement concretes is considered. Technologies for processing large-tonnage waste in the production of building materials are environmentally sound and economically justified.
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Giordano, Roberto, Elena Piera Montacchini, and Silvia Tedesco. "Building the fashion’s future: How turn textiles’ wastes into ecological building products." Strategic Design Research Journal 13, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4013/sdrj.2020.132.11.

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The textile system is one of the most influential production activities at a global level from an environmental point of view, both in relation to the processes that characterize the supply chain and in relation to pre and post-consumer waste. It produces million tons of global greenhouse gas emissions per year and it consumes millions of litres of water; it uses million tons of chemical products. Furthermore, millions of tons of special textile wastes are yearly landfilled in upstream process as well as in downstream process. Less of 1% of materials used to produce clothes becomes part of a closed-loop recycling and less of 2% are recycled in other industrial activities. Changing the textile industrial linear model in a circular one according to Systemic Design principles is advisable, starting from wastes and by-products. As proved in the working paper wastes, due to their properties, can assumed as inputs of new production systems. Particularly the scientific contribution deals with some research activities carried out within a project titled EDILTEX - Innovation for reusing in textile companies. The achievements are described, showing that construction and fashion are fields only apparently far from each other. They can - on the contrary - developing powerful synergies and products with interesting technological and physical performances.
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Munir, Qaisar, Sanaz Afshariantorghabeh, and Timo Kärki. "Industrial Waste Pretreatment Approach for 3D Printing of Sustainable Building Materials." Urban Science 6, no. 3 (August 1, 2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6030050.

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The large volume of industrial by-products and wastes from the construction, timber and paper industries has become a serious challenge worldwide. Recycling these industrial wastes as functional materials in the construction industry is an efficient approach for sustainable development. This study presents a pretreatment approach for recycling construction and demolition waste (CDW) and industrial side-streams (such as green liquor sludge, fiber waste, flotation sand and fly ash) in order to produce a geopolymer for the 3D printing of construction materials. A treatment approach was developed for screening the residues from CDW with a maximum size of 16 mm and for a combined line treatment for industrial side streams. The treatment processes utilized suitable and economical separation techniques for the recycling of waste materials. The crushing of the screened residues resulted in a homogeneous material size that facilitates the separation of mixed wastes and simplifies the classification of materials. The combined plant enabled the cost-effective treatment of various industrial wastes in a single process unit. The results show that the economic and environmental impact of the chosen techniques, in terms of their energy consumption, is highly dependent on the treatment line, separation technique and quantity of the individual waste that is processed. These recycled industrial wastes can be used as sustainable materials for the production of geopolymer concrete, contributing to the sustainability of the construction industry.
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Samir, Mourad, Faruz Alama, Paul Buysse, Tomas van Nylen, and Oleg Ostanin. "Disposal of Mining Waste: Classification and International Recycling Experience." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184102012.

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The main directions of mining and industrial wastes’ utilization are the production of building materials, their use in the construction industry without additional processing, and also the production of metals from metal-containing raw materials. It should be noted that current waste is preferable for the production of building materials, since they preserve the primary physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition and, moreover, can reach the consumer bypassing all other steps that are mandatory for waste consolidated (transportation, storage, etc.). For the production of building materials, not less than 30% of overburden and refinement tailings are suitable, almost all metallurgical and fuel slags, waste products of fertilizers and building materials. Even larger amounts of waste can be used for various laying and burial works (construction of road bases and dams, filling of worked out areas, leveling of the relief).
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ChUMAChENKO, N. G. "RESOURCE SAVING APPROACH TO RAW MATERIAL BASE OF BUILDING INDUSTRY." Urban construction and architecture 1, no. 1 (February 15, 2011): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2011.01.22.

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An estimate of natural and technogenic raw material bases for construction materials production is given. These two groups of primary products are suggested to be considered as a united raw material base for building industry due to including industrial wastes. To be selected for an appropriate use every industrial waste sort must undergo several levels of estimation on the following criteria: toxic level; chemical and mineral composition; selection of wastes from ready-made construction materials or their components; selection of wastes from ready-made raw mixes for the production of building materials; estimation of aggregate state; estimation of the amount of formation. After such a multilevel estimation, waste is getting a certain status.
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Aryngazin, Kapar Sh, Alexey V. Bogomolov, and Askar K. Tleulessov. "Innovational Construction Materials of LLP “EcostroyNII-PV” Production." Defect and Diffusion Forum 410 (August 17, 2021): 806–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.410.806.

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The article discusses the experience of recycling industrial waste from the electric power industry and metallurgy. Based on the experience of Ecostroy NII-PV LLP. The proposed technology for manufacturing building products from ash and slag waste provides innovative compositions of raw mixtures. What provides an increase in operational characteristics and labor productivity in construction. The applied technology, in comparison with the existing analogues, provides for the use of local waste (ash and slag waste from the combustion of Ekibastuz coal, bauxite sludge from the Pavlodar aluminum plant, steel-making slags), differing in chemical and granulometric composition. as well as binding properties from other analogs and prototypes. In the manufacture of building products introduced mixture, including, wt %: slag Portland cement - 14.32-17.00; sand - 18.74-25.52, crushed stone - 46.50-49.71, sludge from alumina production obtained during the recycling of bauxite from Kazakhstan - 5-7; self-disintegrating steelmaking slag - 5-7; ash and slag waste from thermal power plants from burning Ekibastuz coals - 5-7. According to the test results, the average tensile strength of building products (paving slabs, curbs, hollow bricks) is 3.2 - 3.8 MPa (strength class V2.5).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Waste products as building materials"

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Simic, Sinisa. "Leftover." PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2008. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.

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Fung, Wing-kun. "The use of recycled concrete in construction." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30517643.

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Yip, Lai Yuk. "Investigations on the geo-environmental performance of rubber-soil /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202003%20YIP.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 286-292). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Xu, Xuan. "Earthquake protection of low-to-medium-rise buildings using rubber-soil mixtures." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43224192.

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Palmquist, Shane M. "Compressive behavior of concrete with recycled aggregates /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2003.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2003.
Adviser: Daniel C. Jansen. Submitted to the Dept. of Civil Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-152). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Delaware, Kamil. "Construction and demolition waste management : assessment of demand and supply of recycled materials in the Western Cape." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15416.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-100).
Concern for environmental degradation has been a motivating factor in the efforts to reuse or recycle construction and demolition waste. The intention is not only to reduce environmental desecration, but also to recycle the construction and demolition waste into potential building materials to be reused elsewhere. This study investigated the supply and demand of recycled construction materials in the Western Cape, and aimed to determine the perception held by important stakeholders about these materials. A qualitative analysis of the case study results revealed that poor waste management plans implemented on construction and demolition sites have affected the quality, supply and price of recycled materials. In addition to this it was also revealed that the negative perceptions regarding recycled materials were the major barriers to creating an established secondary market. Inadequate knowledge and experience were major contributors to resistance to change of perceptions. A case study was conducted on Malans Quarries Recyclers in order to determine the supply of raw materials (construction and demolition waste) reaching the recycling plant; the supply of recycled materials to the end user (consumer); and the recycling process that takes place. A sample of fifteen respondents from a variety of large, medium and small construction contractors, as well as consultants and civil engineering companies, completed a questionnaire to determine the demand for and perceptions about these materials. The qualitative analysis of the results of the questionnaires showed that the majority of respondents still preferred to use primary materials over recycled materials. However, it appears that the gap between respondents who prefer to use primary materials, and those who utilize recycled materials, has narrowed in comparison to results obtained in previous studies. It seems that there may be more usage of recycled materials in the future. The results also revealed that tax cuts, could be a good economic incentive to encourage the use of recycled material. The questionnaire results also revealed that the majority of the respondents believed that landfill taxes where not effective in discouraging the illegal dumping of waste, and that the lack advertisements, and difficulties in obtaining recycled materials played a crucial role in the under-use of recycled materials.
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Mok, Ka-ying. "Pilot study on the use of public fill in seawall foundations." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30732281.

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Zhu, Jianhua. "Characterization of cement-kiln-dust stabilized base/subbase aggregate /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1998.

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Xu, Xuan, and 许旋. "Earthquake protection of low-to-medium-rise buildings using rubber-soil mixtures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43224192.

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Krezel, Zbigniew Adam, and n/a. "Recycled aggregate concrete acoustic barrier." Swinburne University of Technology, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060821.154340.

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This document reports on a research project aimed at developing a concrete acoustic barrier made from Recycled Aggregate (RA) Concrete. The research project was undertaken in response to the needs expressed by the Victorian concrete recycling industry. The industry, the scientific community conducting research into relevant disciplines, and the community at large, represented by Victorian government agencies, are of the opinion that there is a need to devise a higher value utilisation application for selected concrete recycling products. This document outlines the rationale and objectives of the research project which involves the examination of Recycled Concrete (RC) Aggregate, the design and examination of RA Concrete, and finally the development of an acoustic barrier made from RA Concrete. The literature review presented in this report examines aspects of concrete recycling and concrete technology pertaining to traditional and alternative constituent materials for concrete production. Firstly, the importance and influence of fine and coarse aggregate on basic properties of concrete is introduced. Secondly, an account on the use of alternative materials in concrete technology, especially of coarse recycled aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is described. Thirdly, some of the physical and mechanical properties and how the use of RC Aggregate and SCM changes these properties are discussed. Fourthly, a number of commonly used techniques and neutron scattering techniques to investigate aggregate and concrete properties are introduced and discussed. Fifthly, the porosity of aggregate and concrete including durability are specifically discussed and testing methods are reasoned. The literature review also discusses the use of no-fines concrete; its physical, mechanical and acoustic properties. Finally it presents an account of the use of concrete in transportation traffic noise attenuation devices. This document continues with an outline of a methodology that was adopted in this research project. It outlines experimental work aimed at examining the properties of RC Aggregate which amongst other properties includes porosity, particle size distribution, water absorption, shape and density. It continues examining RA Concrete properties and includes, among other properties, compressive strength, porosity and durability as well as sound absorption of acoustic barrier. The methodology introduces standard and purposely modified test procedures used in the examination of aggregates, concrete and acoustic barrier. An account of various research techniques is presented, spanning from simple visual observations to more sophisticated neutron scattering techniques. The summary of test procedures follows a description of test specimen composition and their sizes, and a suite of tested specimens. It also introduces statistical methods used to analyse test results. After a detailed description of the aggregate, concrete and RA Concrete acoustic barrier, the document outlines a summary of data generated through the experimental program of this research project. The data on fine aggregate, on selected 14/10mm coarse RC Aggregate, on concrete made from natural and recycled aggregate and on acoustic barrier are presented and discussed. Test results of various physical, mechanical and acoustic properties of aggregate, concrete and barrier are reported, analysed and discussed. The data from observations, visual assessment and scientific experimentation of specific properties are then crossed analysed in a search for relationships between properties of fine and coarse aggregates and properties of concrete made from such aggregates. A cross analysis of data on ?less-fines? RA Concrete and on the acoustic performance of barrier is examined, and the relationship between the volume of interconnected voids in a porous part of ?less-fines? concrete, and the sound absorption of acoustic barrier is discussed and reported. The document then presents a synthesis of the literature review results, project aims adopted within the experimental program and test results in the three main areas of this research project. These areas include recycled concrete aggregate, recycled aggregate concrete and acoustic barrier made from RA Concrete. Finally, conclusions reached through the course of this investigation are summarised and recommendations are proposed in relation to the RA Concrete acoustic barrier. The main conclusion is that selected RC Aggregate can be used in the production of concrete of a compressive strength of 25MPa, if the moisture content and water absorption in the aggregate are closely monitored, and the foreign material content is kept below 1.5%. The author concludes that acoustic barrier made from selected RC Aggregate has unique sound absorption characteristics that can easily be tunable by a selection of appropriate aggregate and by specific concrete mix designs. Recommendations for further research are also proposed.
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Books on the topic "Waste products as building materials"

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Nader, Ghafoori, American Society of Civil Engineers. Materials Engineering Division., Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Dept. of Civil Engineering and Mechanics., and ASCE National Convention (1993 : Dallas, Tex.), eds. Utilization of industrial by-products for construction materials: Proceedings of the session sponsored by the Materials Engineering Division in conjunction with the ASCE National Convention in Dallas, Texas, October 24-28, 1993. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1993.

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Sferra, Adriana S. I rifiuti in edilizia: Riuso e riciclo nell'industria 4.0. Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli, 2018.

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Alekhin, I͡U A. Ėkonomicheskai͡a ėffektivnostʹ ispolʹzovanii͡a vtorichnykh resursov v proizvodstve stroitelʹnykh materialov. Moskva: Stroĭizdat, 1988.

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Center, Clean Washington, ed. Directory of recycled content building & construction products. Seattle, Wash: Clean Washington Center, 1992.

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Lugembe, P. Use of agricultural and industrial waste for building purposes. Dar es Salaam: Building Research Unit, 1985.

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Gurevich, B. I., and V. N. Makarov. Issledovanie tekhnologii i svoĭstv stroitelʹnykh i tekhnicheskikh materialov iz prirodnogo i tekhnogennogo syrʹi︠a︡: Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Apatity: In-t khimii i tekhnologii redkikh ėlementov i mineralʹnogo syrʹi︠a︡ im. I.V. Tananaeva KNT︠S︡ RAN, 2002.

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Lai, Cheng-I. Basic engineering characteristics of construction materials utilizing industrial waste by-products: Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Miami in partial fulfillment of the reqirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Ann Arbor, Mich: University Microfilms International, 1991.

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National Seminar on Role of Building Materials Industries in Conversion of Wastes into Wealth (Cement Research Institute of India). National Seminar on Role of Building Materials Industries in Conversion of Wastes into Wealth: Seminar papers. New Delhi: Cement Research Institute of India, 1986.

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Conference on Industrial Wastes in Development of Building Materials (1998 Bhopal, India). Conference on Industrial Wastes in Development of Building Materials: 30th April 1998, proceedings. Edited by Saxena Mohini, Prabakar J, Ahirwar R. S, Regional Research Laboratory (Bhopal, India), BMTPC (Organization), and Institution of Engineers (India). M.P. State Centre. Bhopal: Regional Research Laboratory, CSIR, 1998.

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Cumo, Fabrizio. Uso, disuso, riuso: Criteri e modalità per il riuso dei rifiuti come materiale per l'edilizia. Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Waste products as building materials"

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Sahu, Krishna Manjari, Swapnita Patra, and Sarat K. Swain. "Viability of Building Materials Made of Wood Waste: Sustainability and Its Performances." In Wood Waste Management and Products, 93–110. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1905-5_8.

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Boumaaza, Messaouda, Ahmed Belaadi, Hassan Alshahrani, Mostefa Bourchak, and Mohammad Jawaid. "Building Material in Circular Economy: The Suitability of Wood Waste in Bio-concrete Development." In Wood Waste Management and Products, 111–26. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1905-5_9.

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Faraj, Sirwan, and Amin Al-Habaibeh. "Investigating the Utilisation of Waste Sand from Sand Casting Processes for Concrete Products for Environmental Sustainability." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 117–25. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30960-1_12.

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AbstractConcrete is one of the fundamental materials in the construction industry. Typically, concrete is composed of sand, cement, aggregate, and added water to the cement ratio. To enhance sustainability and reduce the negative effect on the environment from industrial waste, recycling waste material into the concrete mixture is becoming an area of research by substituting some of the concrete ingredients with some of the recycled waste material in order to reduce the amount of fine natural aggregate used in the construction industry, maximise the strength and minimise the overall weight of the concrete product. Waste foundry sand is a by-product of sand casting, a waste product of the metal casting industry. The improper disposal of this waste foundry sand (WFS) could cause environmental issues. Consequently, its possible use in building materials, product design, construction, and other fields is crucial for mitigating environmental limitations. To minimise negative environmental impacts, researchers have proposed reusing this waste foundry sand by replacing, fully or partially, some of the standard natural sand within the concrete mixture. This paper investigates the mechanical and physical properties of concrete cubes containing recycled sand-casting material by demonstrating the experimental work to determine the potential benefit or limitations of using this material within the concrete in the construction and product design industries. According to the experimental results, waste foundry sand, with a substitution ratio of up to 30%, had a compression strength of circa 23 N/mm2 and reached up to 78% of the strength of a standard control sample within 7 days. The results hence suggest that waste foundry sand can be used in the production of concrete products when such reduction in strength is not critical. Such a range of products could include curbs, garden slabs, cycling pavements, gravel boards, etc. Additionally, utilising waste foundry sand will help to reduce the use of natural sand and the need for landfill sites, which has several advantages, including cost savings and environmental protection by reducing CO2 emissions during transportation.
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Qin, Xia, and Sakdirat Kaewunruen. "Circular Economy in Construction: Harnessing Secondary Materials from End-of-Life Tires for Sustainable Building." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 302–11. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57800-7_28.

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AbstractThe concept of the circular economy has rapidly gained traction as a transformative approach to sustainable resource management. Central to this paradigm is the emphasis on recycling and repurposing waste materials to ensure their maximum re-utility and minimal environmental side-impact. Over the myriad of waste materials, end-of-life (ELT) tires have emerged as a particularly significant resource, which has been underestimated in the past. However, the advent of advanced recycling technologies has illuminated the latent value embedded within these tires. From their rubber granules and steel components to fibrous materials and carbon black, each element holds potential for repurposing. Notably, the construction industry has been identified as a prime sector for the integration of these recycled materials, offering both durability and sustainability in building processes. Guided by the principles of the circular economy, this paper embarks on a comprehensive journey through the full lifecycle analysis of ELT tires. It delves into the intricacies of the recycling and utilization processes, shedding light on the myriad of potential value they present. Furthermore, a meticulous assessment and review are conducted on the contribution of these recycled tire by-products to the construction industry. The study revealed that recycling tires can result in a reduction in carbon emissions and provide substantial economic benefits. Specifically, for truck tires, the economic benefits can amount to 32.37 €, and the GHG emissions produced during the recycling process are minimal, only 1.13 kg of CO2 equivalent for truck tires.
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Fornés, Ignacio Villalón, Danute Vaiciukyniene, Dalia Nizeviciene, Diana Bajare, Ruben Paul Borg, and Reda Bistrickaite. "By-product Phosphogypsum Valorisation Possibilities in the Context of Circular Economy of Building Materials." In Creating a Roadmap Towards Circularity in the Built Environment, 107–18. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45980-1_10.

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AbstractPhosphogypsum (PG) is the most significant solid waste in the world. However, only 15% of it is recycled, and the rest is stored in useless and environmentally-damaging stockpiles, which are continually growing. Therefore circular economy of PG through its utilisation in useful applications, is relevant and critical from an ecological perspective. In this context, its utilisation in building materials is among the most promising and attractive recycling possibilities, since PG typically exhibits excellent binding properties. However the applicability of PG is often restrained by its radiological risks and economic non-competitivity in comparison to traditional building materials, such as natural gypsum. In some cases, these obstacles refer to cultural prejudices and misinformation rather than real issues. Therefore, through a comprehensive literature review, this article considers the real potential of PG in building materials, providing useful information to interested stakeholders.
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Shihata, Aya Ali, Mohamed Anwar Fekry, and Wessam Hamdy Abbas. "Implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Economic Sustainable Construction Minimizing Material Waste in Terms of Value Engineering." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 1033–41. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.103.

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The construction industry consumes a large amount of raw materials and produces large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions. However, studies have shown that philosophies alone are not efficient in solving problems in the construction industry. They must be supported by new tools and methodologies. Therefore, this study aimed to achieve a more sustainable building field by integrating BIM technology and value engineering principles in the management of building materials. to achieve the highest possible consumption of environmental resources and materials through value engineering. The methodology employed in this study was to develop a material waste management system for construction projects. Starting in the early design phase, develop a decision-making process for selecting the optimum floor tile size according to room dimensions. Some materials, such as floor tiles, wooden panels, and marble, can be used more efficiently using BIM and scheduling tools. Floor tiles are essential finishing materials in the AEC industry. The initial findings outline the benefits that can be obtained by using BIM tools to achieve waste minimization through value engineering principles by creating an automation process to choose the best floor tile size according to the space width and length and minimize the percentage of cut tiles to the total number of tiles that are used in the space. This provides a game-changing solution for construction stakeholders
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Shihata, Aya Ali, Mohamed Anwar Fekry, and Wessam Hamdy Abbas. "Implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Economic Sustainable Construction Minimizing Material Waste in Terms of Value Engineering." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 1033–41. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.103.

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The construction industry consumes a large amount of raw materials and produces large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions. However, studies have shown that philosophies alone are not efficient in solving problems in the construction industry. They must be supported by new tools and methodologies. Therefore, this study aimed to achieve a more sustainable building field by integrating BIM technology and value engineering principles in the management of building materials. to achieve the highest possible consumption of environmental resources and materials through value engineering. The methodology employed in this study was to develop a material waste management system for construction projects. Starting in the early design phase, develop a decision-making process for selecting the optimum floor tile size according to room dimensions. Some materials, such as floor tiles, wooden panels, and marble, can be used more efficiently using BIM and scheduling tools. Floor tiles are essential finishing materials in the AEC industry. The initial findings outline the benefits that can be obtained by using BIM tools to achieve waste minimization through value engineering principles by creating an automation process to choose the best floor tile size according to the space width and length and minimize the percentage of cut tiles to the total number of tiles that are used in the space. This provides a game-changing solution for construction stakeholders
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Nørregård-Rasmussen, Asger, Malte Hertz-Jansen, and Felicitas Schmittinger. "Maker—Plastic In, Plastic Out: Circular Economy and Local Production." In Springer Series in Design and Innovation, 57–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78733-2_6.

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AbstractRecognising the lack of local and economically accessible facilities, technologies, and public engagement in local recycling, the chapter tackles the challenge of introducing Circular Economy to cope with plastic waste in Copenhagen. The need for circular systemic innovation and holistic production models for recycling plastics led to consider how local micro entrepreneurs, SMEs, commercial resellers and citizens can collaborate for a common, sustainable goal. The chapter presents ‘Plastic In, Plastic Out’ (PIPO), a Circular system for local sourcing, recycling and production of sustainable plastic building materials and products.
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Chadha, Kunaljit, Alexandre Dubor, Edouard Cabay, Yara Tayoun, Lapo Naldoni, and Massimo Moretti. "Additive Manufacturing for the Circular Built Environment: Towards Circular Construction with Earth-Based Materials." In Circular Economy and Sustainability, 111–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39675-5_7.

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AbstractBy making rapid prototyping accessible and inexpensive, additive manufacturing (AM) has transformed the fabrication industry. The adaptability of the process to various materials makes it applicable to multiple fields ranging from complex nanoscale production in the medical field to the manufacturing of large-scale structures in the construction industry. AM methods are constantly evolving, enabling the production of complex products with minimal initial investment. AM processes generate little waste and require no formwork, making them relevant to the construction industry, which conventionally produces significant amounts of waste.This chapter provides a high-level overview of AM as an innovative technique and key developments towards its use for a circular built environment. It further delineates the viability of AM techniques using earth-based materials for implementing a circular economy in the construction sector through a series of case studies developed gradually from the scale of architectural prototypes to realised buildings. These examples address factors such as fabrication processes, techniques, and materials used and their influence on circularity through the production cycle of construction achieved using AM. Through the case studies, the chapter promotes ‘closing the loop’ on resources by reusing and recycling excavated construction materials. The chapter concludes with projections for AM practices and potential commercial applications of the technology. Overall, the chapter is useful for anybody interested in the built environment looking at alternative and sustainable building methods, including users, researchers, and professionals.
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El Machi, Aiman, and Rachid Hakkou. "Implementation of Circular Economy Between Mining and Construction Sectors: A Promising Route to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals." In Sustainable Structures and Buildings, 51–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46688-5_4.

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AbstractThe mining sector is the largest solid waste producer in the world. Mining, mineral processing, and metallurgical activities generate more than 100 billion tons of waste per year in several forms. However, the current management of mine waste is still based on a linear system through its storage and landfilling. At the same time, growth of urbanization and industrialization induces the consumption of natural resources for building engineering in many countries. In this regard, the high demand for raw materials in the construction industry is becoming a worldwide issue. In order to tackle those challenges presented by the mining sector and the depletion of natural resources, innovative concepts are being developed. The circular economy concept is very beneficial, where mine waste can be considered as new raw materials for other applications, which will contribute not only to the reduction of natural resource consumption but also to the reduction of CO2 emissions. This chapter sheds light on the implementation of the circular economy concept with regard to the impact toward sustainable development goals, supported by examples of actual experiences around the world. Moreover, the importance of technical advances and the legislative aspect is discussed in order to underline its contribution to sustainable development.
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Conference papers on the topic "Waste products as building materials"

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Paris, Eleonora, Paola Stabile, Francesco Ansaloni, Francesco Radica, Gabriele Giuli, and Michael Carroll. "SUBSTITUTING RAW MATERIALS WITH WASTE FOR NEW ECO-SUSTAINABLE BUILDING PRODUCTS (ECOTILES)." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-306179.

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Losini, Alessia Emanuela, Liudmila Lavrik, Marco Caruso, Monika Woloszyn, Anne Cecile Grillet, Giovanni Dotelli, and Paola Gallo Stampino. "Mechanical Properties of Rammed Earth Stabilized with Local Waste and Recycled Materials." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.113.

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Traditional techniques of construction using natural and locally available materials are nowadays raising the interest of architects and engineers. Clayey soil is widely present in all continents and regions, and where available it is obtained directly from the excavation of foundations, avoiding transportation costs and emissions due to the production of the binder. Moreover, raw earth is recyclable and reusable after the demolition, thanks to the absence of the firing process. The rammed earth technique is based on earth compressed into vertical formworks layer by layer to create a wall. This material owes its strength to the compaction effort and due to its manufacture procedure exhibits layers resembling the geological strata and possessing high architectural value. The hygroscopic properties of rammed earth allow natural control of the indoor humidity, keeping it in the optimal range for human health. Stabilization with lime or cement is the most common procedure to enhance the mechanical and weather resistance at once. This practice compromises the recyclability of the earth and reduces the hygroscopic properties of the material. The use of different natural stabilizers, fibers, and natural polymers by-products of the agriculture and food industry, can offer an alternative that fits the circular economy requirements. The present study analyses the mechanical strength of an Italian earth stabilized with different local waste and recycled materials that do not impair the final recyclability of the rammed earth.
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Bhandari, Arun. "Circular Economy, Building Materials and Methods." In Comfort at The Extremes 2023. CEPT University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62744/cate.45273.1118-191-210.

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The concept of circular economy is gaining prominence as a sustainable approach to resource management and environmental protection. According to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, circular economy is "an economy that is restorative and regenerative by design, and which aims to keep products, components, and materials at their highest utility and value at all times". The circular economy model emphasizes the efficient use of resources, reduction of waste, and promotion of closed-loop systems to create a sustainable and resilient economy. This research paper tries to understand the application of circular economy principles in the building design and construction methods in India. The study will analyse the existing manufacturing methods for brick, cement, and steel bars in India, identify market trends and innovative policy and regulatory practices related to circular economy principles. The paper argues the need for service level innovations and market transformation in the building material production process, Eco-labelling policy and whole building Embodied Carbon indicator and informed consumer behaviour as well as environmental product declaration recommendations as the long-term strategies for the circular economy in the building design and construction industry.
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Moletti, Chiara, Valeria Arosio, and Giovanni Dotelli. "Microstructural Characterization of Prefabricated Hempcrete Blocks." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.388.

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Sustainable building materials have been developed to reduce the polluting emissions and the exploitation of natural resources of the building sector. Among these materials, an outstanding category is that of nature-based solutions which are produced recovering waste or by-products of agricultural cultivations and using them as vegetal aggregates to replace the traditional ones. This paper focusses on hempcrete which is produced mixing the by-product of industrial hemp cultivation (i.e., shives) and lime to obtain a sustainable, breathable and insulating material. The strength of hempcrete develops through carbonation of the binder that, leading to the formation of calcium or magnesium carbonates and mineralization of shives, determines the microstructure and hence most of the characteristic properties of the material. The aim of this research is to investigate how carbonation influences the microstructure of hempcrete when different recipes are used for blocks production. This study consists in the characterization of the material through techniques such as XRD (X-ray Diffractometry), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and TG-DTG (thermogravimetric analyses). Moreover, the evolution of carbonation is studied analyzing samples at different maturation times. The investigation of the carbonation reaction degree is also crucial to evaluate the environmental performances of the material because it allows the quantification of the carbon dioxide uptake. Also, periodic characterization allows to assess the durability of hempcrete and to select the best formulation according to the designed application and the corresponding service conditions.
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Petropavlovskaya, Victoria, Maria Zavadko, Tatiana Novichenkova, Mikhail Sulman, and Kirill Petropavlovskii. "SYNTHESIS OF ENERGY- AND RESOURCE-SAVING GYPSUM COMPOSITIONS AS THE BASIS OF BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.30.

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Improving the performance of the gypsum binder is possible by strengthening the gypsum matrix. The increase in strength is ensured by the introduction of a complex of mineral and chemical additives. The use of waste as components of such a complex solves a set of problems. The market is saturated with competitive and high-quality materials. Designed materials meet modern requirements. In addition, the problems of waste disposal, freeing up space, environmental protection and reducing the resource intensity of production are being solved. The purpose of the work is to obtain energy- and resource-saving compositions of gypsum dry building mixtures with improved physical and mechanical characteristics through the use of modifiers from the resources of the local raw material base. The addition of basalt waste and hydro-removal ash to the gypsum binder as part of a complex of mineral and chemical additives ensures the formation of a hardened modified gypsum stone. During the research, regularities were established for the influence of the components of the additive complex on the properties of the gypsum binder. Optimal ratios between gypsum binder and modifiers have been selected. The microstructure of the modified gypsum stone has been studied. The positive effect of the complex on the structure of gypsum has been proven.
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Bella, Ilham Aguida, Nabil Bella, Aissa Asroun, and Sara Saddiki. "Contribution on the Use of Household Waste as Bio-Admixture." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.569.

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In the civil engineering field, the incorporation of chemical admixtures is now a practical technics' used for improving the properties of concrete, such as improved workability, decreasing the water demand, increasing strength, etc. However, chemical admixtures have some disadvantages such as environmental pollution during both their manufacture and their use, else, there are rare somewhere. Because of this background, bio-admixtures appear principally useful, due to their environmental effect and friendly properties, bio-admixtures are substances obtained from a biodegradable product also resulting from the methanisation. The objective of this research is the valorization of household waste used as a bio-admixture. Moreover studying its effect on cement path workability, start/end of the cement setting.
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Ramkumar, S. "A Research on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Waste Foundry Sand." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-20.

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Abstract. The by-products from metal casting industries, waste foundry sand is generated in huge amount which causes many pollution to the environment like infertility of sand, unsightliness, awful odour, etc., because of improper disposal. Such kind of environmental problems can be reduced when those wastes are used as building material during concrete production. So, a research work was carried out in concrete containing waste foundry sand in the range of 15% to 25% with 5% increase, as a partial replacement for fine aggregate(M-sand) for M-20 grade concrete. The concrete made of foundry sand in the proposed mix design was tested and compared with ordinary concrete for workability, compressive strength, Flexural strength and Tensile strength. The cubes were tested on 14th and 28th day for mix of 1:1.54:2.97 at a water-cement ratio of 0.45 and the results were carried out with comparison.
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Rybin, A. S., Yu M. Fedorchuk, D. V. Naryzhny, M. V. Nosova, and E. N. Pashkov. "Application of building materials and products from solid waste from freezing production in the oil and gas industry." In MATERIALS V INTERNATIONAL YOUTH APPLIED RESEARCH FORUM “OIL CAPITAL”: Conference Series “OIL CAPITAL”. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0178512.

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Widmer, Wilbur, Weiyang Zhou, and Karel Grohmann. "Converting Citrus Waste to Ethanol and Other Co-Products." In ASME 2009 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2009-5502.

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Conversion of citrus processing waste (CPW) generated during juice production into value added co-products is an important aspect of the juice industry as it offers a solution to waste disposal issues. Currently the practice of drying citrus waste to produce citrus pulp pellets (CPP) for use as cattle feed is profitable. However, until the recent rise in value, CPP value was marginal and often did not meet production costs. Another concern has been volatile organic emissions during CPP production. Only one third of the residual peel oil present in citrus waste is recovered during CPP production with most being vented to the atmosphere during drying and is a growing environmental concern. Improvements in limonene recovery and development of alternative value added co-products obtained from CPW could add substantial value to the citrus crop. For current CPP production, the energy required to dry CPW is the major cost involved and approximately 25 lb of limonene are obtained per ton of CPP produced. Since limonene is recovered during evaporation/concentration of pressed peel juice using a waste heat evaporator, little additional cost is associated with limonene recovery. The concentrated citrus molasses produced may be added back to the press cake or fermented to make ethanol, but only contains a third of the sugars in CPW that are fermentable by conventional yeast. While utilizing the entire CPW stream for ethanol using hydrolysis and fermentation is more involved, three times the amount of ethanol can be obtained compared to using press liquor alone. Most of the limonene must be removed as it inhibits fermentation. In the process developed 85–95% of the limonene contained in CPW can be removed and recovered by steam stripping. This greatly reduces concerns associated with the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during processing of CPW and the limonene recovered has a value equal or greater than stripping costs. Using a mixture of enzymes and yeast, the CPW is then hydrolyzed and fermented simultaneously to produce ethanol followed by distillation to remove and recover the ethanol. Enzyme costs to hydrolyze and liquefy CPW have been reduced to less than a dollar per gallon of ethanol produced, and the economics for distillation are still being optimized. The distillation residues contain half the solids of raw citrus waste that can still be utilized as a CPP product. Other uses for the residues such as incorporation of the pectic materials into building product and paper additives, and ion exchange materials for wastewater remediation are also in development. Paper published with permission.
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de Waart, Hendrikus A. A. M., and Marcel van Berlo. "A Fourth Generation WTE Facility Designed for Energy and Materials Recovery: The Amsterdam AEB Waste-Fired Power Plant." In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1929.

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This paper describes a fourth generation WTE facility, the Waste-Fired Power Plant (WFPP®) owned and operated by the City of Amsterdam. This plant is designed with the Best Available Technologies (BAT) to achieve the lowest possible emissions to air, water and soil, thereby creating the lowest possible nuisance levels to neighboring residents, offices and industries. The plant is also designed to maximize electricity production, and to recycle and recover the maximum amount of materials which include ferrous and non-ferrous metals, sand and granulate to produce building products and gypsum and salt from fluegas. In addition the paper describes the design features applied to achieve the world’s best energy efficiency and includes a discussion on the life cycle economic advantages of BAT applications and the positive effect of BAT on Green House Gas emissions.
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Reports on the topic "Waste products as building materials"

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Liu, Cheng-Hsin, Ha L. Nguyen, and Omar M. Yaghi. Reticular Chemistry and Harvesting Water from Desert Air. AsiaChem Magazine, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/acm00007.

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Although chemists, in general, are concerned with the art and science of constructing molecules and understanding their behavior, for a long time the idea that such molecules can be linked together by strong bonds to make infinite, extended structures were fraught with failure. The notion of using molecular building blocks to make such structures invariably led to chaotic, ill-defined materials and therefore not only defying the chemists’ need to exert their will on the design of matter but also preventing them from deciphering the atomic arrangement of such products. The field remained undeveloped for most of the twentieth century, and it was taken as an article of faith that linking molecules by strong bonds to make extended structures is a “waste of time” because “it doesn’t work.”
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Michael W. Grutzeck, Maria DiCola, and Paul Brenner. BUILDING MATERIALS MADE FROM FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION BY-PRODUCTS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/881574.

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Sherwood, Walter. Low Weight, High Strength Coal-Based Building Materials for Infrastructure Products. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1994862.

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Sulman, Mikhail, Kirill Chalov, Yury Lugovoy, and Yury Kosivtsov. The use of ash and slag waste as components of building materials. Peeref, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2307p2182570.

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Grexa, Ondrej, Mark A. Dietenberger, and Robert H. White. Reaction-to-Fire of Wood Products and Other Building Materials: Part 1, Room/Corner Test Performance. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-rp-663.

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Rezaie, Shogofa, Fedra Vanhuyse, Karin André, and Maryna Henrysson. Governing the circular economy: how urban policymakers can accelerate the agenda. Stockholm Environment Institute, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.027.

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We believe the climate crisis will be resolved in cities. Today, while cities occupy only 2% of the Earth's surface, 57% of the world's population lives in cities, and by 2050, it will jump to 68% (UN, 2018). Currently, cities consume over 75% of natural resources, accumulate 50% of the global waste and emit up to 80% of greenhouse gases (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2017). Cities generate 70% of the global gross domestic product and are significant drivers of economic growth (UN-Habitat III, 2016). At the same time, cities sit on the frontline of natural disasters such as floods, storms and droughts (De Sherbinin et al., 2007; Major et al., 2011; Rockström et al., 2021). One of the sustainability pathways to reduce the environmental consequences of the current extract-make-dispose model (or the "linear economy") is a circular economy (CE) model. A CE is defined as "an economic system that is based on business models which replace the 'end-of-life' concept with reducing, alternatively reusing, recycling and recovering materials in production/distribution and consumption processes" (Kirchherr et al., 2017, p. 224). By redesigning production processes and thereby extending the lifespan of goods and materials, researchers suggest that CE approaches reduce waste and increase employment and resource security while sustaining business competitiveness (Korhonen et al., 2018; Niskanen et al., 2020; Stahel, 2012; Winans et al., 2017). Organizations such as the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and Circle Economy help steer businesses toward CE strategies. The CE is also a political priority in countries and municipalities globally. For instance, the CE Action Plan, launched by the European Commission in 2015 and reconfirmed in 2020, is a central pillar of the European Green Deal (European Commission, 2015, 2020). Additionally, more governments are implementing national CE strategies in China (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2018), Colombia (Government of the Republic of Colombia, 2019), Finland (Sitra, 2016), Sweden (Government Offices of Sweden, 2020) and the US (Metabolic, 2018, 2019), to name a few. Meanwhile, more cities worldwide are adopting CE models to achieve more resource-efficient urban management systems, thereby advancing their environmental ambitions (Petit-Boix & Leipold, 2018; Turcu & Gillie, 2020; Vanhuyse, Haddaway, et al., 2021). Cities with CE ambitions include, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Paris, Toronto, Peterborough (England) and Umeå (Sweden) (OECD, 2020a). In Europe, over 60 cities signed the European Circular Cities Declaration (2020) to harmonize the transition towards a CE in the region. In this policy brief, we provide insights into common challenges local governments face in implementing their CE plans and suggest recommendations for overcoming these. It aims to answer the question: How can the CE agenda be governed in cities? It is based on the results of the Urban Circularity Assessment Framework (UCAF) project, building on findings from 25 interviews, focus group discussions and workshops held with different stakeholder groups in Umeå, as well as research on Stockholm's urban circularity potential, including findings from 11 expert interviews (Rezaie, 2021). Our findings were complemented by the Circular Economy Lab project (Rezaie et al., 2022) and experiences from working with municipal governments in Sweden, Belgium, France and the UK, on CE and environmental and social sustainability.
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Moschetti, Roberta, Lars Gullbrekken, and Joana Maia. Accelerated climate aging tests of structural insulated panels with waste-based core materials. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541597546.

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One of the challenges of climate change in the building sector is related to the durability of materials, i.e., the resistance to degradation due to weathering over time. The durability of building components can be assessed through long-term natural outdoor climate exposure or appropriate accelerated climate aging in the laboratory. SINTEF Research Centre owns a climate simulator apparatus to perform aging tests according to the Nordtest method NT Build 495:2000. The aim of this article is to show the results from an accelerated climatic aging test performed on three different configurations of a structural insulated panel (SIP), which is characterized by waste-based core materials. The samples were tested for one month, corresponding to about one year of natural outdoor climate exposure. The results from the test performed in the climate simulator include information on the sample changes occurring during the analyzed period, together with the scale of such changes and the time of occurrence. Therefore, the test results are qualitative and based on the fact that a change in the performance properties of the samples corresponds to a change in their appearance during the test. This includes, for instance, signs of degradation, such as cracks, loss of gloss, or delamination.
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Avnimelech, Yoram, Richard C. Stehouwer, and Jon Chorover. Use of Composted Waste Materials for Enhanced Ca Migration and Exchange in Sodic Soils and Acidic Minespoils. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575291.bard.

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Restoration of degraded lands and the development of beneficial uses for waste products are important challenges facing our society. In addition there is a need to find useful and environmentally friendly applications for the organic fractions of municipal and other solid waste. Recent studies have shown that composted wastes combined with gypsum or gypsum-containing flue gas desulfurization by-products enhance restoration of sodic soils and acidic minespoils. The mechanism by which this synergistic effect occurs in systems at opposite pH extremes appears to involve enhanced Ca migration and exchange. Our original research objectives were to (1) identify and quantify the active compost components involved in Ca transport, (2) determine the relative affinity of the compost components for Ca and competing metals in the two soil/spoil systems, (3) determine the efficacy of the compost components in Ca transport to subjacent soil and subsequent exchange with native soil cations, and (4) assess the impacts of compost enhanced Ca transport on soil properties and plant growth. Acidic mine spoils: During the course of the project the focus for objective (1) and (2) shifted more towards developing and evaluating methods to appropriately quantify Ca2+ and Al3+ binding to compost derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). It could be shown that calcium complexation by sewage sludge compost derived DOM did not significantly change during the composting process. A method for studying Al3+ binding to DOM was successfully developed and should allow future insight into DOM-Al3+ interactions in general. Laboratory column experiments as well as greenhouse experiments showed that in very acidic mine spoil material mineral dissolution controls solution Al3+ concentration as opposed to exchange with Ca2+. Therefore compost appeared to have no effect on Al3+ and Ca2+ mobility and did not affect subsoil acidity. Sodic alkaline soils: Batch experiments with Na+ saturated cation exchange resins as a model for sodic soils showed that compost home cations exchanged readily with Na+. Unlike filtered compost extracts, unfiltered compost suspensions also significantly increased Ca2+ release from CaCO3. Soil lysimeter experiments demonstrated a clear impact of compost on structural improvement in sodic alkaline soils. Young compost had faster, clearer and longer lasting effects on soil physical and chemical properties than mature compost. Even after 2 growing seasons differences could still be observed. Compost increased Ca2+ concentration in soil solution and solubility of pedogenic CaCO3 that is highly insoluble under alkaline conditions. The solubilized Ca2+ efficiently exchanged Na+ in the compost treated soils and thus greatly improved the soil structure.
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Avis, William. Technical Aspects of e-Waste Management. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.051.

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Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices, increased affordability and consumer appetite for new products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on the technical aspects e-waste value chains. The report should be read in conjunction with two earlier reports on e-waste management1. E-waste is any electrical or electronic equipment, including all components, subassemblies and consumables, which are part of the equipment at the time the equipment becomes waste. The exact treatment of Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) can vary enormously according to the category of WEEE and technology that is used. Electrical and electronic items contain a wide variety of materials. As a result of this complex mix of product types and materials, some of which are hazardous (including arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury and certain flame retardants) multiple approaches to WEEE are required, each with specific technical guidelines. This report is structured as follows: Section two provides an introduction to the technical aspects of e-waste management, including a reflection on the challenges and complexities of managing a range of product types involving a range of components and pollutants. Section three provides an annotated bibliography of key readings that discuss elements of the technical aspects of managing e-waste. This bibliography includes readings on national guidelines, training manuals and technical notes produced by the Basel convention and courses. WEEE recycling can be a complex and multifaced process. In order to manage e-waste effectively, the following must be in place Legislative and regulatory frameworks Waste Prevention and minimisation guidelines Identification of waste mechanisms Sampling, analysis and monitoring expertise Handling, collection, packaging, labelling, transportation and storage guidelines Environmentally sound disposal guidelines Management is further complicated by the speed of technological advance with technologies becoming redundant much sooner than initially planned. Case studies show that the average actual lifetimes of certain electronic products are at least 2.3 years shorter than either their designed or desired lifetimes.
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Fang, Mei Lan, Lupin Battersby, Marianne Cranwell, Heather Cassie, Moya Fox, Philippa Sterlini, Jenna Breckenridge, Alex Gardner, and Thomas Curtin. IKT for Research Stage 1: Partnership Building. University of Dundee, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001248.

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In 2020, the University of Dundee initiated the development of an Open Research strategy. As part of this initiative, in February 2021 the University’s Library and Learning Centre together with Open Research Champions from the Schools of Health Sciences and Dentistry, formed an Open Research Working group. To build on the University’s Open Research policy and infrastructure, the purpose of the group was to facilitate ongoing research and development of best practice approaches for our interdisciplinary environment to make outputs, data and other products of our research publicly available. Through informal consultations with academic staff and students, the Open Research Working Group found that: → access and reach of research findings can be amplified through effective knowledge mobilisation, and stakeholder and patient and public involvement; and → there was a need for guidance and resources on how-to implement knowledge mobilisation activities with and for stakeholders throughout the entire research process – from proposal development to project completion. In June 2021, the Open Research working group, in partnership with Simon Fraser University’s Knowledge Mobilization Hub began the development of an Integrated Knowledge Translation (IKT) Toolkit, with funding support from the University of Dundee’s Doctoral Academy and Organisational Professional Development. IKT is an approach to knowledge translation that emphasises working in an engaged and collaborative partnership with stakeholders throughout the research cycle in order to have positive impact. The aim was to co-produce evidence-informed, best practice learning materials on how-to: → maintain ongoing relationships between researchers, community stakeholders and decisionmakers in research development and implementation; and → facilitate an integrated, participatory way of knowledge production whereby researchers, practitioners and other knowledge users can collaborate to co-generate new and accessible knowledge that can be utilised in contexts ranging from supporting community development to policy guidance for practice. The IKT Toolkit was informed by a focused evidence review and synthesis of published peer-reviewed and grey literature and consists of eight knowledge briefs and a slide deck co-produced for use in any discipline or sector. Each knowledge brief provides practical guidance and resources to support an IKT process in each of eight key research stages: (i) Partnership Building; (ii) Generating Priorities and Ideas; (iii) Proposal development; (iv) Study Design; (v) Data Collection; (vi) Data Analysis; (vii) Reporting and (viii) Dissemination. The current knowledge brief provides IKT guidance on Research Stage 1: Partnership Building.
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