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Journal articles on the topic 'Waste etc'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Anshakov, A. S., P. V. Domarov, A. I. Aliferov, and V. A. Faleev. "INVESTIGATION OF PLASMA-OHMIC ELECTRIC FURNACES FOR GASIFYING CARBONACEOUSE WASTES." Bulletin of Toraighyrov University. Energetics series, no. 2021.3 (September 11, 2021): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.48081/ljwi2657.

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For the first time, the processes of reducing energy consumption of a plasma-ohmic electric furnace for the gasification of various carbon-containing wastes (municipal, biological, agricultural, and other organic wastes) were investigated. The effect of reducing the humidity, morphological composition of waste on energy consumption during plasma gasification of carbon-containing materials is shown. The possibility to exclude the process of preliminary drying from the production cycle of waste gasification has been revealed. In the modern world, one of the global trends in technology development is the continuous increase in the efficiency and environmental friendliness of carbon-containing waste management methods. The carbon-containing industrial waste includes: municipal (municipal solid waste (MSW)), agricultural (rice husk, etc.), industrial (wood waste, coal slimes, etc.) and biological (medical, biological sludge deposits (BIO) and etc.) Despite the different nature of this waste, they all consist of the same chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, sulfur, ash (a complex of inorganic elements and compounds), water (moisture), but contain elements and compounds dangerous for the environment (pathogens, heavy metals, etc.). Gasification of carbon-containing wastes is a complex physico-chemical process with a large number of effects, a complete scientific explanation of which is far from completion.
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2

Bhatia, Shashi Kant. "Wastewater Based Microbial Biorefinery for Bioenergy Production." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 9214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169214.

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A continuous increase in global population is demanding more development and industrialization, which leads to the production of various waste such as municipal wastewater, agricultural waste, industrial waste, medical waste, electronic wastes, etc [...]
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3

Mia, MY, MA Ali, MA Rahman, L. Naznin, and MU Hossain. "Hospital Waste Management in Tangail Municipality." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 5, no. 1 (August 7, 2012): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11566.

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An investigation was conducted on hospital waste management in Tangail Municipality and its impact on human health. Data was collected through questionnaire interview from local residents, superintendents, nurses, observation and secondary sources. The results revealed that wastes are collected every alternative day and though sometime in irregular basis. Hospital wastes causes different health hazards like bad smell, infestation of animals, diarrhoea, skin diseases etc. due to irregular collection, unsafe handling, disposal, storage, transportation and finally dumped with municipal wastes. For knowing health impacts, among 110 general respondents 63% was affected, and 50 respondents who were associated with medical waste handling including nurse, pickers, workers, etc. in which more than 90% were affected one or more diseases due to improper management and imposed of hospital wastes. Shortage of dustbin is common in every hospitals and clinics in Tangail Municipality. The study also revealed that 1000-1500kg wastes were generated per day in Tangail Municipal area in which 19.23% infectious and 80.77% noninfectious. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11566 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 121 - 127, 2012
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4

Shmidt, D. V., Bashar Issa, and V. Yu Timofeev. "Preparation a Scrap of the Electronic Enterprises and its Subsequent Processing." Solid State Phenomena 303 (May 2020): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.303.79.

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The processing conditions of the of electronic wastes are largely dependent on environmental standards and requirements. Modern technologies for processing electronic waste should meet the increased demand for metals as well as the requirements. Electronic wastes can be classified as hazardous materials, as household and industrial electrical devices, which contain components such as batteries, capacitors, cathode ray tubes, etc. Electronic waste can consist of a large number of components of various sizes, shapes and chemical composition. Some of them contain hazardous metals, including mercury, lead, cadmium. The presence of precious metals in electronic waste such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, as well as non-ferrous metals (copper, nickel, zinc, tin, etc.) make it attractive for processing. In industry, both hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods are used to extract valuable metals from electronic waste. Applied technologies may have both advantages and disadvantages.
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Adhikari, Ram Chandra. "Investigation on Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries." Journal of Research and Development 5, no. 1 (December 12, 2022): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jrdn.v5i1.50095.

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Solid waste is global problem relating to environment, society and economics. Waste management is challenging issue as the quantity has been increasing with increase of population, urbanization and economic status. Some dozens of printed and online published books, journals, dissertations, website of agencies etc. were reviewed and by making outline and following guideline this article was prepared. It is found that the waste production varies from 0.25Kg to 1.38 Kg per capita per day in developing countries. In south South American countries it was recorded 1.07 Kg/capita/day, in Asian countries 0.4 to 1.62Kg/capita/day and in African region it was found 0.49 Kg/capita/day of waste production. The waste contains mostly biodegradable (50% to 80%). The collection system was very poor and from rural area only 10% to 20% waste and in urban area 44% to 90% of total produced waste was carried to collecting and management system. The common waste management’s adopted in developing countries were open dumping, landfill site, composting, incineration and open burning etc. From 18% to 92% of waste were found to dumping. In east pacific region 46% and in American countries 68.5% of total waste was carried to landfill site. The use of incinerator is scarcely found. Only in few countries well managed composting plants could be observed. Some landfill sites and incinerating plant shave generated electricity, biogas, brickets etc. Some pointed research gaps in this field are waste management and biodiversity, medicinal and hazardous waste management, vermicomposting etc. It can be recommended that for the waste management public awareness, participation of locals, application of reduction, reuse and recycling concept, waste management inside house premise, modernization and scientific management of solid wastes. Further researches are needed in different aspects of waste and management for the complete solution.
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6

Zia, Umer, Hira Iram, Hafiz Zeshan Haider, Faiza Ameen, Maria Abrar, and Muhammad Atif. "Review—Biowaste as a Source of Conductive Carbon." ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 021001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ac4edb.

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Recycling trend has transformed the prerequisites of our cravings. Makeover of waste material into useful goods has become inevitable. Bio waste shares a major portion of waste materials, hence pursued for recycling. Activated carbon from bio waste has been reported remarkable in electrochemical performance (capacitance, charge density, charge-discharge ratio etc.). This survey of data has been compiled for different bio wastes as a source of activated carbons with conductive behavior.
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7

Sheheli, S. "Waste Disposal and Management System in Rural Areas of Mymensingh." Progressive Agriculture 18, no. 2 (March 9, 2014): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18278.

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The study was conducted in rural areas of Mymensingh district during March to April 2007. Seventy two households were interviewed and respondents were grouped in three categories: low, medium and high income group to identify the respondent’s socio-economic condition, total waste production, processing, utilization and preservation methods of waste. The total organic waste production was unequally proportionate areas among low, medium and high income group. Waste generation was also depending on family size and family income. Smaller family generated less amount of waste while larger family generated huge wastes. High income contributes to generate more wastes. The characteristics such as family size and family income of the respondents had positive and significant relationships with their waste generation. Waste use as many purpose such as manure, fuel, landfill etc. A significant amount of waste generated from domestic animal, specially cowdung have been using as fuel purpose. Only 2.78% respondents used cowdung as compost in their crop field due to less number of domestic animals and scarcity of fuel wood. But 27.78% respondents were not used it for any of those purposes. Besides these ashes, kitchen waste, feed wastage etc. are used as manure and landfill purpose. Respondents had no systematic planning in all spheres of production, processing and utilization of organic waste. The respondents were disposing their solid waste at various times. As a result improper processing and preservation of wastes have been occurring serious air and water pollution.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18383 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 247 - 254, 2007
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8

Rovin, S. L., A. S. Kalinichenko, and L. E. Rovin. "The return of the dispersed metal waste into production." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2019-1-45-48.

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The article presents an alternative method of recycling of dispersed metal waste, based on a continuous solid-liquid-phase process, implemented in rotary tilting furnaces (RTF). The new proposed method of recycling allows processing wastes with almost any composition and state from metal to oxide and multicomponent wastes (shavings, fine scrap, mill scale, aspiration dust, sludge, etc.). The wastes can be even contaminated with moisture, oil, and organic impurities. The method developed does not require preliminary preparation of the initial materials (cleaning, homogenization, pelletizing, etc.). The finished products are ingots (pigs) for subsequent processing aiming the particular chemical composition or cast alloys of certain brend.
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9

Quan, Ashley Thompson, and Fanny Li. "Hyperinflation of Vasopressors (Vasopressin, Norepinephrine, Ephedrine, etc)." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 31, no. 4 (June 24, 2018): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190018770062.

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Purpose: Hyperinflation refers to the increasing cost of drugs which occurs due to continued drug shortages and rebranding. Hyperinflation has significant implications in increasing overall healthcare costs with reduced reimbursement, increased patient acuity, and an aging population, but published strategies to reduce costs and minimize waste are limited. Objective: To describe the hyperinflation and cost mitigation strategies of three vasopressor medications, vasopressin, epinephrine, and ephedrine. Conclusion: The steep increase in medications is expected to continue, and mitigation strategies to reduce waste and select the most cost effective therapy to offset the price increase is crucial for healthcare systems.
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10

Khan, MN Hasan. "Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Mymensingh City towards Sustainable and Profitable Waste Management." Journal of Science and Technology Research 3, no. 1 (November 30, 2022): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jscitr.v3i1.62805.

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Waste generation is increasing with the increasing of population at Mymensingh city but the waste management practice of the Mymensingh city corporation is not well established. The present study was conducted to find out profitable opportunities for municipal solid waste (MSW) management of Mymensingh city. Both primary and secondary sources were used to collect data as fulfillment of the study. Twenty two different locations of 5 wards in the city were visited for collecting these data. In the city estimated amount of waste produce 150 tons/day where 40-50% biodegradable and 15-25% recyclable paper, plastic, glass, metal etc. Currently waste is not being collecting and disposing scientifically due to unavailability of facilities, thus creating environmental pollution as well as unable to earn profit. Resource recovery and recycling could be a good option to reduce waste and earn profit from recyclable materials such as plastic, paper, metal etc. Besides this composting could be useful to produce bio fertilizer and bio gas from biodegradable wastes. By selling bio-fertilizer and biogas city could also earn profit. Integrated waste management combination with reduce, recovery, recycling and composting would be better solution for managing waste in the city. J. of Sci. and Tech. Res. 3(1): 41-48, 2021
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11

Jin, Yanming, Zhuonan Li, Xinli Xiao, Conggan Ma, Min Liu, and Lingyu Chen. "Research on the evaluation method of the business model for the recycling of hazardous waste in power grid." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 1, no. 1 (May 17, 2022): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aetr.1.1.241.

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Hazardous wastes in power grids include waste transformer oil and waste lead-acid batteries, etc. Due to the problems of extremely large number of points, wide distribution, and small number of units, coupled with differences in hazardous waste recycling technologies, policies, and markets in various regions, so Possible business models need to be listed and evaluated. This paper establishes an evaluation index system for the business model of hazardous waste recycling, and uses the TOPSIS method to evaluate five feasible business models. The evaluation results will help relevant departments of power grid companies at all levels to formulate recycling strategies according to the characteristics of hazardous waste recycling, so as to facilitate the recycling and reuse of hazardous wastes.
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12

Barbuta, Marinela, Adrian Alexandru Şerbănoiu, Costel Cadere, and Catalina Mihaela Helepciuc. "Effects of Marble Waste on Properties of Polymer Concrete." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.213.

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The quantities of wastes, generated in industry are increasing every year. Their utilization became a priority for solving pollution problem and save energy and resources. The wastes are investigated as materials for obtaining new concretes with different applications. Polymer concrete is a composite material, in which the aggregates of different sorts are bound together by a resin. As in the case of cement concrete, different types of wastes (slag, glass, marble, etc.) can replace the aggregates or they can be added in the concrete composition as filler (silica powder, fly ash, calcareous powder, etc). The use of wastes presents some advantages such as: obtaining of new products at lower prices, in some cases with improved properties; consuming of wastes helps to clean the environment; preservation of natural resources which are replaced by wastes; etc.In the experimental study, marble waste is used for obtaining epoxy polymer concrete. The effects of this type of waste on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete were investigated. Two types of concrete were prepared: one with powder of marble as addition and the other type with aggregates of marble waste. The mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength) were experimentally determined and compared with the characteristics of epoxy polymer concrete (considered as reference mix). The microstructure of polymer concrete with marble waste was analyzed by SEM images. The marble waste influenced the mechanical properties of epoxy polymer concrete. Higher values of mechanical properties were obtained when the marble was used as aggregates. As addition in epoxy polymer concrete, the dosage and finesse of marble had influenced the values of mechanical properties.
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13

Smith, Edmund H., and Howard C. Bailey. "Preference/avoidance testing of waste discharges on anadromous fish." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 9, no. 1 (January 1990): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620090110.

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14

Dvornikova, Anna M., Elena A. Shchelokova, Artem Y. Sokolov, and Alexander G. Kasikov. "APPLICATION AND PROSPECTS FOR EXPANDING THE USE OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION IN THE PROCESSING OF WASTE AND INDUSTRIAL SEMI-PRODUCTS OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC ZONE NON-FERROUS METALLURGY." Herald of the Kola Science Centre of RAS 13, no. 3/2021 (April 12, 2021): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5228.2021.13.3.002.

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The overview briefly presents the history of solvent extraction (SX) technologies introduction at the Russian Arctic’s copper-nickel industry. The main developments of recent years in the field of SX of the in-dustrial wastes and semi-products such as acid substandard effluents, ferrous cakes, metallurgical slags, etc., as well as rare and platinum metals-containing waste, are also briefly shown. In particular, hydromet-allurgical method of sulfuric acid SX recovery from copper waste electrolyte with fatty alcohol-based extractant was proposed and laboratoryscale tested. General circuit for copper and palladium SX from waste solutions by kinetic-modified (synergist) hydroxyoxyme-based ex-tractant was developed, etc. It was concluded that there were favorable prospects for the introduction of SX technologies in the field of waste disposal, additional valuable products obtaining and increasing the complexity of raw materials processing while reducing the load on the ecology of the Arctic zone.
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15

Pérez, J., T. Dela Rubia, J. Moreno, and J. Martínez. "Phenolic content and antibacterial activity of olive oil waste waters." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 11, no. 4 (April 1992): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620110406.

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16

M. Nahiun, Khandakar, Bijoyee Sarker, Kamrun N. Keya, Fatin I. Mahir, Shahirin Shahida, and Ruhul A. Khan. "A Review on the Methods of Industrial Waste Water Treatment." Scientific Review, no. 73 (July 7, 2021): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/sr.73.20.31.

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Nowadays environmental pollution is a great threat to us. Water resources are mostly polluted by industrial wastes. Among all other pollutions, water pollution is one of the most vital pollution caused by different sources like industrial, domestic, sewage, hazardous waste, municipal waste, medical waste, manufacturing waste, etc. Public concern over the impact of wastewater has increased. There are several methods for the treatment of wastewater. Among them, techniques like coagulation, adsorption, activated sludge are prominent. The use of aerobic wastewater treatment as a reductive medium is receiving attention for its low cost of operation and low cost of maintenance. The uses of low-cost adsorbents are also effective in wastewater treatment. The aerobic wastewater is effective in degrading the contaminants. There are different electrolytic techniques as well for wastewater treatment. This paper reviews the possible techniques available for the treatment of wastewater to remove contaminants such as halogenated hydrocarbon compounds, heavy metals, dyes, pigments etc. from the wastewater.
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Upadhyay, Atul, Jeewan Prava Lama, and Shinkichi Tawata. "Utilization of Pineapple Waste: A Review." Journal of Food Science and Technology Nepal 6 (June 29, 2013): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v6i0.8255.

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Waste utilization in fruits and vegetable processing industries is one of the important and challengeable jobs around the world. It is anticipated that the discarded fruits as well as its waste materials could be utilized for further industrial purposes viz. fermentation, extraction of bioactive components, extraction of functional ingredients etc. Researchers have focused on the utilization of pineapple waste primarily for extraction of bromelain enzyme and secondarily as low-cost raw material for the production of ethanol, phenolic anti-oxidants, organic acids, biogas and fiber production. Pertinent scientific and technological implications would produce better and more profitable markets for pineapple wastes. This review is the collection of previous reports along with our ongoing work on utilization of pineapple wastes J. Food Sci. Technol. Nepal, Vol. 6 (10-18), 2010 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v6i0.8255
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18

Nhu, Dung Kim Thi, Duoc Van Tran, Thuat Tien Phung, and Toi Trung Tran. "An overview of recycling methods from composite wastes." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 62, no. 3b (July 20, 2021): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2021.62(3b).08.

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In the era of industrialization and modernization, pollution caused by industrial wastes has become one of the biggest challenges most countries are facing. Wastes such as plastics, ceramics, paper, metals, composite, etc. are the predominant detriments to the environment. Although composite materials account for just a small proportion in the waste stream, they are difficult to process and possess a great number of potential risks to the environment. At the same time, recycling and recovering composite waste materials are more challenging than other easy-to-handle waste materials. This paper will first present an overview of the methods used to recycle composite wastes, then it will further orientate recycling technologies suitable for Vietnam.
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CHERTES, Konstantin L'vovich, Olga Vladimirovna TUPICYNA, Oksana Alekseevna SAMARINA, and Sergey Yur'evich ANDREEV. "BIOOXIDATION OF ORGANIC IMPURITIES OF WASTE LIQUIDS ON THE COMBINED BIOREACTOR." Urban construction and architecture 5, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2015.03.7.

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Activities of oil and gas companies are accompanied by the formation of liquid and pasteous hydrocarbon waste. A common way of dealing with these types of wastes is their placement, storage in specially equipped facilities (sludge reservoirs, ponds, anaerobic digestion, etc.). Сonsiders the major problems of processing of waste liquids of petrochemical complex with using biochemical reactor. Are presented the results of research of process of bio oxidation of organic matter in water-emulsion layer of waste storage using activated sludge plan.
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Debnath, Anirban, Aparajita Sengupta, Abinit Saha, and Arpita Das. "Utilization of Agro Waste for Beneficial Product Formulation." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 10, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(1).157.170.

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In the past few years, we have been very familiar with the waste hierarchy concept of the 3 R’s, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. This review article aims to suggest a possible way to reuse the agro-waste sector. It will focus on the zero waste food industry. While consuming our day-to-day food unknowingly we throw away some of the important portions of fruits and vegetables which can help us fight diseases and stay healthy. Therefore, we need proper management to utilize these beneficial components present in those fruit scrapes. An abundant amount of food waste is been produced during the processing of food from the different food industries. In addition to this, agro wastes like peels, seeds, etc. are also generated from fruit and vegetable agriculture. This paper mainly focuses on the agro-waste of the food industry, which can be consumed when the bioactive compound is extracted and is available as a functional food. The bioactive compounds have the potential to control blood pressure, diabetes, inflammation, etc. Thus, by incorporating these bioactive compounds we can enhance the quality of food. Recently functional food is consumed by a large population for its beneficial effect on our body.
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21

Usmani, Zeba, Minaxi Sharma, Surya Sudheer, Vijai K. Gupta, and Rajeev Bhat. "Engineered Microbes for Pigment Production Using Waste Biomass." Current Genomics 21, no. 2 (May 20, 2020): 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202921999200330152007.

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Agri-food waste biomass is the most abundant organic waste and has high valorisation potential for sustainable bioproducts development. These wastes are not only recyclable in nature but are also rich sources of bioactive carbohydrates, peptides, pigments, polyphenols, vitamins, natural antioxidants, etc. Bioconversion of agri-food waste to value-added products is very important towards zero waste and circular economy concepts. To reduce the environmental burden, food researchers are seeking strategies to utilize this waste for microbial pigments production and further biotechnological exploitation in functional foods or value-added products. Microbes are valuable sources for a range of bioactive molecules, including microbial pigments production through fermentation and/or utilisation of waste. Here, we have reviewed some of the recent advancements made in important bioengineering technologies to develop engineered microbial systems for enhanced pigments production using agrifood wastes biomass/by-products as substrates in a sustainable way.
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22

Zhao, Zongwen, Wenbin Xu, Zhongbing Wang, Weining Qin, Jie Lei, Xinglin Guo, and Jiang Long. "Investigation of organic impurity and its occurrence in industrial waste salt produced by physicochemical process." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): e0256101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256101.

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Industrial waste salt is classified as hazardous waste to the environment. The organic impurity and its occurrence in industrial waste salt affect the salt resource utilization. In this paper, composition quantitative analysis, XRD, TG-DSC, SEM/FIB-SEM coupled with EDS, FTIR, XPS and GC-Ms were chosen to investigate the organic impurity and its occurrence in industrial waste salt. The organic impurities owe small proportion (1.77%) in the specimen and exhibit weak thermal stability within the temperature of 600°C. A clear definition of organic impurity, including 11 kinds of organic compounds, including aldehyde, benzene and its derivatives etc., were detected in the industrial waste salt. These organic impurities, owing (C-O/C-O-C, C-OH/C = O, C–C/CHx/C = C etc.)-containing function group substance, are mainly distributed both on the surface and inside of the salt particles. Meanwhile, the organic substance may combine with metal cations (Ni2+, Mg2+, Cu2+ etc.) through functional groups, such as hydroxide, carbonyl etc., which increases its stability in the industrial waste salt. These findings provide comprehensive information for the resource utilization of industrial waste salt from chemical industry etc.
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Huang, Xinjiang, Linda S. Lee, and Cindy Nakatsu. "Impact of animal waste lagoon effluents on chlorpyrifos degradation in soils." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 19, no. 12 (December 2000): 2864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620191202.

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24

Zhu, Li, Zhao Jie Cui, and Jian Ren Zhou. "Framework Design for Eco-Industrial Park's Waste Management System." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 808–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.808.

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This study proposes a framework design for eco-industrial park’s waste management system including functional orientation of the system and flow chart of the waste exchange in an EIP. The core function of the waste management system is waste exchange. Also, other functions of the park management are contained in the system such as technological exchange, product trading etc. A flow chart of the waste exchange has been designed in detail. Waste source account including six procedures is the key to achieve waste exchange. To identify the realness of reported data by computer system, we calculate materials balance and emission coefficient in this study. The whole waste exchange management by internet includes ten steps. After completion of the on-line processing, the wastes can be transported to the user.
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Prasad, Raikar, and P. P. Revankar. "Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles on Biomedical Moulding Sand Properties for Casting Applications." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology 6, no. 3 (October 28, 2022): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v6i3.756.

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Present work explains green nanotechnology technique in solid waste management. Solid wastes are generated from domestic, industrial, agricultural, commercial, health care and individual activities etc. Because of rising population, urbanisation, construction activities, and improper medical waste management, there is an increase in biomedical waste, which contributes to widespread landscape littering. Due to its inability to biodegrade, waste disposal has consequently become a significant issue on a global scale. Research is being carried out to develop ways for environment friendly disposal of biomedical wastes. Also, to enhance the moulding properties for better casting quality by using nanoparticles prepared in laboratory by green nanotechnology technique. The main objective of the work is preparation and characteristic study of modified biomedical waste used in green sand moulding for casting industry. The sand silica in green sand moulding material is replaced by biomedical waste. Nanoparticles are synthesized by green nano technology technique used as an additive in bio medical waste which will be treated as modified bio medical waste. Present study evaluated the influence of nano particles on biomedical waste which helps in metal moulding applications.
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Nieminen, Matti, Markus Olin, Jaana Laatikainen-Luntama, Stephen M. Wickham, Slimane Doudou, Adam J. Fuller, Jenny Kent, et al. "Thermal treatment for radioactive waste minimisation." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 6 (2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2019040.

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Safe management of radioactive waste is challenging to waste producers and waste management organisations. Deployment of thermal treatment technologies can provide significant improvements: volume reduction, waste passivation, organics destruction, safety demonstration facilitation, etc. The EC-funded THERAMIN project enables an EU-wide strategic review and assessment of the value of thermal treatment technologies applicable to Low and Intermediate Level waste streams (ion exchange media, soft operational waste, sludges, organic waste, and liquids). THERAMIN compiles an EU-wide database of wastes, which could be treated by thermal technologies and documents available thermal technologies. Applicability and benefits of technologies to the identified waste streams will be evaluated through full-scale demonstration tests by project partners. Safety case implications will also be assessed through the study of the disposability of thermally treated waste products. This paper will communicate the strategic aims of the ongoing project and highlight some key findings and results achieved to date.
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Luhar, Ismail, Salmabanu Luhar, and Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah. "Challenges and Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Waste Management Systems: A Review." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6090271.

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Unfortunately, nearly the whole world came to a standstill due to the coronavirus disease 2019, i.e., the COVID-19 pandemic, which negatively and severely impacted almost all facets of society, systems, and lives on the planet during the last few years. During this time, a surge in the generation of a huge volume of diverse wastes at an unprecedented rate occurred due to the extensive use of disposables and personal shielding safety gear such as personal protective equipment (PPE) for both infected and uninfected people as well as frontline staff, etc., as corona protocols, especially in the form of “plastic wastes”. Consequently, all these factors induced a novel route for the pollution of air, soil, and water, inviting a great number of health hazards in addition to the pandemic. Beyond a doubt, the susceptibility of the spread of the coronavirus through polluted waste is high, an issue for which the waste management measures are comparatively not up to the mark. The spread of COVID-19 forced the world into lockdown, which had both constructive and unconstructive effects on not only the environment but also systems such as the waste management sector, etc. The unforeseen increase in the quantity of waste created a challenge concerning normal waste disposal facilities, negatively impacting the global waste management industry, and hence, leading to an urgent situation internationally. Still, in developing nations, the sector of waste management is at its nascent stage, and therefore, the sector of waste management during the pandemic period has been influenced severely in many parts of the world. The current comprehensive review provides not only an overview of the impacts and challenges of COVID-19 on the waste management sector but also extends the systematic data of waste generation that has been made accessible so far along with a discussion on the safety of the related workers and staff as well as suggestions for the possible approaches towards better waste management services, which are essential to manage the waste increase resultant of the COVID-19 pandemic in a majority of nations.
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Blake, Robert C., Donna M. Choate, Smriti Bardhan, Nathaniel Revis, Larry L. Barton, and Thomas G. Zocco. "Chemical transformation of toxic metals by aPseudomonasstrain from a toxic waste site." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 12, no. 8 (August 1993): 1365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620120806.

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Onyeaka, Helen, Rachel Fran Mansa, Clemente Michael Vui Ling Wong, and Taghi Miri. "Bioconversion of Starch Base Food Waste into Bioethanol." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 11, 2022): 11401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811401.

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The global demand for fuel keeps increasing daily. The massive depletion of fossil fuels and their influence on the environment as pollution is a severe problem. Meanwhile, food waste disposal is also a complex problem in solid-waste management since one-third of every food consumed is discarded as waste. The standard waste management methods, including food waste incineration and landfilling, are considered hazardous to the environment. Food waste constituents are majorly starch-based and contain various biomolecules, including sugar, lipids, proteins, vitamins, cellulose, etc. These polysaccharides can be hydrolysed into monosaccharides such as glucose, which can then be fermented using microorganisms to produce ethanol through the fermenting of sugars derived from enzymatic hydrolysis treatment of food wastes. The human food system is rich in starch, which can be a potential resource for bioethanol production.
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Chen, Kuo Wei. "The Modulation Study of Emulsified Heavy Oil from Liquid Waste after Pyrolysis of Waste Rubber." Applied Mechanics and Materials 529 (June 2014): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.529.45.

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The present research was involved in forming Modulation, Atomizing temperature, adding proportion etc. In addition to ameliorate heat value and Combustion stability of the Emulsified heavy oil modulated from liquid waste after the waste rubber pyrolysis in resource chemical plant. Solve waste rubbers pyrolysis process liquid wastes generated problems This study explored optimal condition of Emulsified heavy oil modulation based on relevant tests to enhance its heat value and combustion stability for optimal utilization of emulsified fuel. The results can serve as a reference to the Emulsified heavy oil modulation process design and mixing with liquids waste. The main component of the formula is an emulsion, Surfactant as emulsion to make the fuel oil uniformly mix with liquid waste. Besides finding a suitable formula, this study also conducted analysis on product property and developed technique to improve process and product property, as an important reference for future studies.
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Sankari, K. Siva. "Disposal of Household Waste: Practices, Challenges & Management." International Review of Business and Economics 1, no. 3 (2018): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.16.

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Household waste comprises of garbage and rubbish from individual home and flats/ apartments. This waste consists of fruits and vegetables, food scrapes, papers, cans and bottles, clothes, chocolate wrappers, shampoo bottles and sachets etc. These are non- hazardous wastes generated by household and can be recycled. Hazardous wastes are those from pest control, home cleaners, batteries, garage oils which have adverse impact on the environment and threatens human life and other living organisms. The improper disposal of household hazardous waste by pouring waste oils and cleaners on the ground or disposing the containers along with other wastages affects the people living in that area and also affects the health of sewage cleaners. Dumping of solid wastes in the outskirts or open area has created huge landfills which pose serious threats on environment causing air pollution, contamination of ground water. Another serious problem in improper disposal of domestic waste is in regard to the process of collecting household waste. Lack of equipment and infrastructure for collection, inadequate number of bins and bin capacity, lack of manpower and technical skills and high rate of generation of waste from household sector. The present paper is intended to investigate the practices in the disposal of household waste, problems and challenges of improper disposal and measures for effective household waste management. The paper also highlights suggestions for proper disposal of household waste.
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Skanavi, Natalia, and Timofei Dovydenko. "Effects of waterjet cutting waste addition on properties of building ceramics." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 04057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819604057.

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The purpose of the paper is to investigate the possibility of using wastes of waterjet metal cutting in the manufacture of building ceramics. A complex study of the composition and properties of the abrasive and hydroabrasive cutting wastes was carried out. The behavior of waste in the composition of the ceramic mass and the ceramic body was investigated. Positive results of the effect of addition of waste on the properties of ceramics were obtained on two types of polymineralic argillaceous raw materials: increase of strength at the optimum content of waste in the mixture, reduction of air and fire shrinkage in all compositions with waste content, possibility of varying the color of products, etc. The similarity of the chemical composition of argillaceous raw materials and wastes was established: oxides of iron, silicon and aluminum are predominant. Electron microscope research has demonstrated that the introduction of waste modifies the structure of the ceramic shard, but does not affect its uniformity. The obtained results allowed to draw conclusions about the possible use of wastes of waterjet metal cutting in the production of ceramics: as a fluxing agent – flux, component for volumetric staining, thinning agent.
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Tolle, Duane A., Mickey F. Arthur, Jean Chesson, and Peter Van Voris. "Comparison of pots versus microcosms for predicting agroecosystem effects due to waste amendment." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 4, no. 4 (August 1985): 501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620040410.

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34

Thomas, J. M., J. R. Skalski, J. F. Cline, M. C. McShane, J. C. Simpson, W. E. Miller, S. A. Peterson, C. A. Callahan, and J. C. Greene. "Characterization of chemical waste site contamination and determination of its extent using bioassays." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 5, no. 5 (May 1986): 487–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620050508.

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35

Armstrong, Anthony Q., Robert E. Hodson, Huey-Min Hwang, and David L. Lewis. "Environmental factors affecting toluene degradation in ground water at a hazardous waste site." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 10, no. 2 (February 1991): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620100202.

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36

Fordham, Carolyn L., and Douglas P. Reagan. "Pathways analysis method for estimating water and sediment criteria at hazardous waste sites." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 10, no. 7 (July 1991): 949–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620100711.

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Yeardley, Roger B., Laura C. Gast, and James M. Lazorchak. "The potential of an earthworm avoidance test for evaluation of hazardous waste sites." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 15, no. 9 (September 1996): 1532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620150915.

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38

Jordahl, James L., Lesley Foster, Jerald L. Schnoor, and Pedro J. J. Alvarez. "Effect of hybrid poplar trees on microbial populations important to hazardous waste bioremediation." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16, no. 6 (June 1997): 1318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620160630.

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Taşova, Muhammed, and İsmail Naneli. "Comparative Theoretical Analysis of Biomass and Energy Potentials of Usable Maize and Wheat Stalk Wastes: Example of Sakarya Province." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 11 (November 28, 2020): 2460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i11.2460-2467.3783.

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With the increase in the population in the world and in our country, the energy requirement related to consumer demands is constantly increasing. In our country, although wind, sun, etc. energy sources are used in energy production, fuels of fossil origin (coal, natural gas, oil etc.) are used more in energy production. Renewable energy sources, which are alternative due to the decrease in fossil fuel reserves, negative environmental effects and inability to meet the energy needs in the future, come to the fore. In this study, Turkey Statistical Institute (TUIK) according to the 2015-2019 year data, Sakarya at the central and districts in cultivation areas for cultivated of using the amounts of maize and wheat product (da) average waste, dry matter, and volatile dry matter, methane and energy their potential has been determined. As a result of the calculations, it has been determined that the maize sap waste amount has the highest 25695.68 tons of waste and 201197.15 MJ energy potential in Adapazarı district in 2017. Among the wheat stalk wastes, in 2017, Geyve district had the highest 269.95 tons of waste and 2113.72 MJ energy respectively.
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Anis, Mohamad, and Tauseef Siddiqui. "Waste to Energy: A Green Paradigm in Solid Waste Management." Current World Environment 10, no. 3 (December 25, 2015): 764–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.3.06.

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The current annual generation of municipal solid waste in India is estimated to be around 42 million tones which will rise rapidly with population growth, urbanization and improving living standards of people. The municipal solid waste (MSW) generation ranges from 0.25 to 0.66 kg/person/day with an average of 0.45 kg/person/day. In addition, large quantities of solid and liquid wastes are generated by industries. Most of the wastes generated find their way into land and water bodies. Without proper treatment, these wastes emit gases like Methane (CH4), Carbon Dioxide (CO2) etc, resulting in bad odor, emission of green house gases and increase in air and water pollution. This problem can be significantly mitigated through adoption of environment-friendly waste-to-energy technologies for the treatment and processing of wastes before disposal. It will not only reduce the quantity of wastes but also generate substantial quantity of energy. India at present is the world’s fifth biggest energy consumer and is predicted to surpass Japan and Russia to take the third place by 2030. Indian economy has shown a robust growth of around 8% in recent years and is trying to sustain this growth in order to reach goals of poverty alleviation. To achieve the required level of growth, India will need to at least triple its primary energy supply and quintuple its electrical capacity. This will force India, which already imports a majority of its oil, to look beyond its borders for energy resources. In India waste-to-energy has a potential of generating 1700 MW per person and this is scheduled to increase when more types of waste would be encompassed. At present hardly 50 MW power is being generated through waste-to-energy options. Waste combustion provides integrated solutions to the problems of the modern era by: recovering otherwise lost energy and thereby reducing our use of precious natural resources; by cutting down our emissions of greenhouse gases; and by both saving valuable land that would otherwise be destined to become landfill and recovering land once sacrificed to the products of consumerism. This paper focuses to present waste to energy as a green and sustainable solution of solid waste problem vis-à-vis its importance as renewable source of energy.
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Segui, Pauline, Amine el Mahdi Safhi, Mustapha Amrani, and Mostafa Benzaazoua. "Mining Wastes as Road Construction Material: A Review." Minerals 13, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13010090.

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The mining industry manages large volumes of tailings, sludge, and residues that represent a huge environmental issue. This fact has prompted research into valorization of these wastes as alternative aggregates for concrete production, embankments, pavement material, etc. The use of mining wastes as a resource for construction presents two benefits: conserving natural resources and reducing the environmental impacts of mining. In the case of road construction, the use of mining wastes has not yet been developed on a large scale and there is a major lack of specific legislation. This gap is due to the variety of exploited rocks, the diversity of tailings, mine residues, or valuable by-products slated for valorization, and the environmental specifics. This paper presents a review on recycling mine wastes as road construction material, including waste rock and mine tailings. Those materials were mostly used in infrastructure where soils had initially poor geotechnical properties (low bearing capacity, frost susceptibility, swelling risk, etc.). Different mining wastes were used directly or stabilized by a hydraulic binder through geopolymerization or, in some cases, with bituminous treatment. Overall, the use of mine wastes for road construction will have a considerable environmental impact by reducing the volume of waste and offering sustainable raw materials.
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Phogat, Sandeep, and Anil Kumar Gupta. "Ranking of maintenance wastes present in Indian organizations (a statistical analysis)." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 26, no. 1 (February 7, 2019): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-09-2018-0073.

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Purpose The maintenance department of today, like many other departments, is under sustained pressure to slash costs, show outcome and to support the assignments of the organization, as it is a commonsensical prospect from the business perspective. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to find out the wastes level present in maintenance and, after that, do the ranking of maintenance wastes currently present in the operations of Indian organizations with the help of a questionnaire survey. Design/methodology/approach For this, a database of 421 Indian industries was identified and a structured questionnaire was designed. The questionnaire was divided into two sections A and B to assist with data interpretation. The aim of section A was to build general information of participants and their position, type of organization, number of employees, annual turnover of the organization, etc. Section B was also a structured questionnaire developed based on a five-point Likert scale for assessing the level of maintenance wastes currently present in the maintenance. Findings Waste of inventory in terms of spare parts storage and obsolesce, etc., waste of rejects/rework/scrap in case of poor maintenance, waste of processing that leads to increases in maintenance and waste of overproduction/excessive maintenance activity has a high level of presence in the maintenance of Indian organizations and gets the top ranks in all the seven types of maintenance wastes. Practical implications This paper will be extremely useful for the researchers, maintenance professionals and others concerned with maintenance to understand the after effects of maintenance wastes in Indian industries. Originality/value These findings will be highly valuable for professionals relating to manufacturing sector desiring to implement effective maintenance approach in the maintenance management system.
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43

Bellopede, Rossana, Lorena Zichella, and Paola Marini. "Glass Waste3: A Preliminary Study for a New Industrial Recovery Processing." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 5, 2020): 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051997.

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In recent times, the selection and treatment of glass waste are implemented in processing plants where a secondary raw material (SRM) named glass cullet, which is suitable for glass production, and a waste containing a high percentage of glass (glass waste2) is obtained. In the literature, there are many studies conducted on the recovery of the cullet, while few are the studies on the recovery of the waste that is produced by cullet processing. According to the 2013 Joint Research Centre (JRC) Reference report, the cullet produces savings in terms of energy and raw materials. However, it has a high current cost and its availability is becoming difficult, therefore its use is not always economically advantageous. The goal and strategy of the European Union is zero waste. For this purpose, further treatment of glass waste has been investigated. Through the industrial treatment of the glass waste2, a glass waste3 constituted again by an SRM made of glass is obtained together with a high quantity of presumed SRM (e.g., heavy plastic, corks, iron, non-ferrous metals, etc.). The process treatment separating these SRMs from the glass waste3 is, in this case, a pilot plant that needs to be optimized in order to reach an economic and sustainable industrial process solution. In particular, the materials to be recycled are exploitable product fractions with different particle sizes and physical properties (such as density, shape and resistance). This research is based on data collected from a North Italy process plant and is aimed at solving the issue of waste in this kind of process by implementing a pilot plant already present. Representative samples of feed material (glass waste3) and different products of the pilot plant have been analyzed. Moreover, laboratory tests were executed to improve separation efficiency and to valorize the different product fractions. A flow sheet of a new treatment plant has been developed and an economic evaluation has been made. The materials that will be separated in the new plant could be traded as SRM—e.g., plastics, metals, synthetic and cork stoppers—which constitute almost 90% of the total feed of the plant.
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Shrivastava, Harsh, and Vivek Parashar. "E-Waste Causes and Management Using BASEL Convention." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.030102.

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"E-waste" is a popular, informal name for electronic products nearing the end of their "useful life. “Electronic waste" may be defined as discarded computers, office electronic equipment, entertainment device electronics, mobile phones, television sets, and refrigerators. "E-wastes are considered dangerous; ascertain components of some electronic products contain materials that are hazardous, depending on their condition and density. This includes used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, salvage, recycling, or disposal. Others are re-usable (working and repairable electronics) and secondary scrap (copper, steel, plastic, etc.) to be "commodities", and reserve the term "waste" for residue or material which is dumped by the buyer rather than recycled, including residue from reuse and recycling operations. Many of these products can be reused, refurbished, or recycled in an environmentally sound manner so that they are less harmful to the ecosystem. This paper highlights the hazards of e-wastes, the need for its appropriate management and options that can be implemented.
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Ray, Arpan, Radhikesh Prasad Nanda, and Pronab Roy. "Rutting Performance of Road Using Construction and Demolition Waste Materials." Key Engineering Materials 882 (April 2021): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.882.221.

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Wastes arising from construction and demolition (C & D) constitute one of the major streams in many countries. In this paper experimental investigation was carried to see the feasibility of C& D waste as road aggregates. From the grading analysis it was observed that using C& D wastes, strength criteria is being satisfied and meet the specifications of MORTH which is then subjected to aggregate impact value (AIV) testing, CBR testing etc. The CBR value of C&D waste was found to be 43.46 which were well above the permissible value. A proposed three-layer system using soil layer, C & D waste layer and asphalt concrete layer is chosen to estimate rut depth using existing analytical model. From the analytical model rut depth is predicted to be 14.77 mm which is less then maximum allowable limits. Hence C& D waste materials can be used as alternate materials in road construction with economy and sustainability.
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46

Lakshmi, M., and J. Ranjitha. "Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater using Low-Cost Waste Materials." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 27, no. 1 (December 15, 2022): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2701rjce1290140.

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The most serious environmental problem in the world is heavy metal pollution due to industrialization and urbanization. A special concern is to be taken for the removal of heavy metals in the environment. In developing countries, the price effectiveness might be a major factor in the removal of heavy metal toxicity which is a major threat to the environment for several decades. In this study, heavy metal contamination of water bodies has been reviewed here. The toxic effluents from the textile industry, shredding facilities, glass industry, metal industry, refinery, automobile industry, pharmaceutical industry, semiconductor industry, printing industry, catering industry landfill leakage contain a huge amount of heavy metals in their waste. The conventional methods are very expensive, energy-intensive and sometimes generate a toxic byproduct. The current review focuses on the adsorption technique of heavy metals removal using different adsorbent materials from waste naturally. Numerous low-cost adsorbents are widely used such as garlic peel, jack fruit peel, oil palm trunk fiber, rice bran and wheat bran, broad bean peel, groundnut shell, raw agricultural solid waste, papaya seeds, leaf biomass etc. explored for the removal of toxic heavy metal from wastewater. These absorbents materials naturally have their origin by themselves such as zeolites, clay, sphagnum moss and polysaccharide which are found to be efficient agents for the removal of toxic metals like lead Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Hg, Cr, etc. Numerous agricultural wastes like rice husk, neem bark, black gram, waste tea-coffee, walnut-shell, coconut coir, coconut husk, bagasse etc., are widely used for the heavy metal removal in a sustainable nature.
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Santa Rios, Andrea, Julius Fobil, and Niladri Basu. "Methylmercury Measurements in Dried Blood Spots from Electronic Waste Workers Sampled from Agbogbloshie, Ghana." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 40, no. 8 (July 2021): 2183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5121.

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48

Leaphart, James C., Ricki E. Oldenkamp, Albert L. Bryan, Robert A. Kennamer, and James C. Beasley. "Patterns of Trace Element Accumulation in Waterfowl Restricted to Impoundments Holding Coal Combustion Waste." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 39, no. 5 (April 9, 2020): 1052–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.4697.

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Mortensen, Gerda Krog, and Liv Kerstin Kure. "Degradation of nonylphenol in spiked soils and in soils treated with organic waste products." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 22, no. 4 (April 2003): 718–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620220406.

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Khan, MNH. "Waste Management at Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University: Current Status and Future Options." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 10, no. 2 (November 29, 2018): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v10i2.39031.

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The present study was conducted to measure waste production and its categories of JKKNIU, and find out its management options. Samplings were done in Student Hall, Teachers’ and officers’ dormitory, and central cafeteria of the University. Waste categories were organic, biodegradable, recyclable, inert materials etc. Major portion of the waste was organic biodegradable, about 65% of total waste. Waste are not being collecting and disposing properly due to unavailability of facilities, and this creating environmental pollution. Landfill, composting, and anaerobic digestion etc. could be use for proper management and to produce bio-gas and bio-fertilizer. Integrated waste management option would be better solution.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(2): 171-176 2017
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