Relevant bibliographies by topics / Waste

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Waste'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Waste"

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Favuzzi, Nicoletta, Paolo Trerotoli, Maria Grazia Forte, Nicola Bartolomeo, Gabriella Serio, Domenico Lagravinese, and Francesco Vino. "Evaluation of an Alimentary Education Intervention on School Canteen Waste at a Primary School in Bari, Italy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 8, 2020): 2558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072558.

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The “Love Food, Not Waste” project was conducted to train students on good food choices and evaluate food waste in school canteens. Teachers, parents and students were surveyed before and after training. Weights of both the served and wasted food were recorded for one week both before the educational intervention in February 2019 and after the educational intervention in March 2019, using the same menu. Students completed a food satisfaction questionnaire on the days the data were collected. For the first dish, the mean wastes per school were 1199 g before training and 1054 g after training. For the second dish, the mean wastes per school were 246 g before training and 220 g after training. For the side course, the means wastes per school were 663 g before training and 747 g after training. The results did not significantly differ among weeks or schools. Less food was wasted when boys judged the food’s general aspects like smell, taste and appearance as positive; more food was wasted when girls judged these factors as negative. Food waste monitoring is mandatory but does not always occur. Analyzing food waste relative to students’ food perceptions can help determine whether educational interventions can help reduce waste. Students’ satisfaction must also be considered.
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Faisal, Tarig, Moath Awawdeh, and Anees Bashir. "Design and development of intelligent waste bin system with advertisement solution." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 940–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i2.2753.

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In cities where a large geographical area of the city is densely populated, the process of waste collection is cumbersome, tiresome and expensive. Often, the burden of manually tracking and collecting of waste causes waste management companies enormous wasted effort and get them involved in tasks that are not necessary. No doubt, a digital interaction between waste management companies and targeted waste collection areas could ensure the process becomes fast, efficient and traceable as they become aware of the states of the wastes, aptly. It will considerably reduce any discrepancies that may occur due to the lack of information available during a particular time. Accordingly, this paper proposes a novel approach towards waste management combined with the internet of things to reduce the problems that would occur due to the accumulation of wastes and hence improvise waste collection/management process. Additionally, an innovative feature which generates revenue and creates business opportunities for waste management companies is introduced via advertisement solution based on network-attached storage technology.
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Ismail, Anis Nadhirah, Mohd Hakim Ibrahim, Rita Mohd Said, Flora Somidin, and Syarifah Aminah Ismail. "Influence of recycled wastes on ferrosilicon production in steel making applications: A short review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2169, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2169/1/012028.

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Abstract The potential transforming the waste materials into an alternative source was found in iron and steelmaking application that also would solved the world’s most problematic waste stream. Generally, converting the waste materials into auxiliary source only is accessible to certain wastes industries due to its difficulty to recycle hence generally landfilled. Recycling waste materials used in ferrosilicon production as carbon and silica source to control the reduction reaction with iron oxide. The present paper reviews the phase transformation and morphology in the production of ferrosilicon at temperature 1550°C on graphite and plastic waste (bakelite) as the potential carbon materials and silica powder and glass waste (automotive glass - windshield, window glass) as alternatives silica source in production of ferrosilicon. The utilization of carbon material from plastic waste and silica source from glass waste (automotive glass) can be used for ferrosilicon synthesis and CO gas concentration comparable with conventional carbon source (graphite) typical silica source (silica powder). The utilization of recycled wasted is efficient due to enhancement in the reaction with iron oxide thus potentially replacing the conventional materials in ferrosilicon synthesis as well as minimizing the landfill wastes.
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Yadav, Preeti, S. K. Dhankhar, and Ram Mehar. "Waste to Worth: A Review on Utilization of Vegetable Waste." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 9 (July 18, 2023): 1385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92368.

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India is the world's second greatest producer of vegetables after China, however over 30% of the fruits and vegetables grown in the country are wasted. Vegetable wastes include rotten vegetables, peels, shells, scraped portions of vegetables and inedible parts discarded during collection, handling, transportation and processing. Lack of knowledge and awareness among farmers, poor infrastructure, faulty harvesting, unsuitable transport and storage facilities are major causes of loss. 5 R system of waste management including refuse, reduce, recycle, reuse and recover is an effective way of managing vegetable waste. Non-toxic, biodegradable waste of vegetables can be transformed into various valuable output products like biogas, power alcohol, biofuel, compost and vermicompost. Livestock is currently one of the agricultural subsectors in emerging countries that is expanding at the fastest rate. According to recent research, co-products from the processing of fruits and vegetables can be effectively utilized as functional feed components in farm animals' diets. Vegetable wastes are rich in vitamins and minerals and are suitable raw materials to produce high-value chemicals or metabolites such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, fatty acids, dietary fiber, saponins, pigments, food additives and phytoestrogens Bio-plastic are manufactured from renewable biomass sources such as maize starch, potato starch, cassava starch, vegetable oil and have biodegradable qualities. The utilization of fruit and vegetable waste as a carbon source is an interesting alternative to reduce the production costs of microbial exopolysaccharides like xanthan and pullulan which has use in the pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic and confectionary industries.
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Islam, Maidul. "Are Students Really Cautious about Food Waste? Korean Students’ Perception and Understanding of Food Waste." Foods 9, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9040410.

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The amount of food wasted by Korean households is significant and to some extent could be preventable. It is not well illustrated how Korean students perceive food waste and how much they know about the consequences of food waste. This study aimed to examine Korean students’ perception of food waste. Overall, results show that students’ perception of food waste varies in different clusters. Considerate food wasters (cluster 1) are knowledgeable and have much information regarding food waste. This paper suggests that additional information about how to preserve food and about issues related to food wastes, which cause a bigger environmental problem over the long term, could influence the behavior of this cluster, reducing perhaps further food waste. On the other hand, unwitting and ruthless food wasters, who are in clusters 2 and 3, need extra attention. Marketers should initiate educational campaigns to raise awareness of food waste for students and youth. Students who fall under these two clusters may need to pay extra attention to their shopping behavior. They should be more connected to their food, and to their purchase behavior, which may reduce food waste.
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Viguri, J., A. Andrés, C. Ruiz, A. Irabien, and F. Castro. "Cement-Waste and Clay-Waste Derived Products from Metal Wastes." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 79, no. 1 (January 2001): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/095758201531121.

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Fadiya, Olusanjo O., Panos Georgakis, and Ezekiel Chinyio. "Quantitative Analysis of the Sources of Construction Waste." Journal of Construction Engineering 2014 (October 20, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/651060.

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The construction industry is traditionally environmentally unfriendly. The environmental impacts of construction waste include soil contamination, water contamination, and deterioration of landscape. Also, construction waste has a negative economic impact by contributing additional cost to construction due to the need to replace wasted materials. However, in order to mitigate waste, construction managers have to explore management options, which include reduction, recycling, and disposal of wastes. Reduction has the highest priority among the waste management options but efficient reduction cannot be achieved without adequate identification of the sources of waste. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present a study that was carried out on the contribution rates of nine identified sources of construction waste. Establishing the contribution rates of different waste sources will enhance knowledge-based decision-making in developing appropriate strategy for mitigating construction waste. Quantitative research method, using survey questionnaire, was adopted in this study to assess the frequency and severity of contribution of the sources of waste. As one of the findings of the study, residual waste such as material off-cuts was identified as the highest contributor to construction waste. This study consequently demonstrated that waste has a significant contribution to the cost of construction.
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Santos, Elci de Souza, Karla Magna dos Santos Gonçalves, and Marcos Paulo Gomes Mol. "Healthcare waste management in a Brazilian university public hospital." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18815949.

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Some healthcare waste presents hazardousness characteristics and requires specific procedures to ensure the safety management. Waste segregation is an important action to control the risks of each type of waste. Healthcare waste indicators also may improve the waste management system. The aim of this article was to evaluate the healthcare waste management in a Brazilian university hospital, as well as the waste indicators, quantifying and qualifying the waste generation. Weighing of wastes occurred by sampling occurred sampling of seven consecutive days or daily, between 2011 and 2017. General wastes represent more than 55.6% of the total generated, followed by infectious, sharps and chemicals wastes, respectively, 39.1%, 2.9% and 2.4%. The generation rate in 2017 was 4.09 kg bed−1 day−1, including all types of wastes. Non-dangerous wastes represented around 93.3%, including infectious wastes with low potential risks, while dangerous was represented by high infectious risk (1.4%), chemicals (2.4%) and sharps (2.9%). Healthcare waste indicators may favour the risk identification and improve the waste management system, in particular when involving hazardous wastes. Failures in healthcare waste segregation could represent, in addition to the health risks, unnecessary expenses.
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Surilawana Sulaiman, Nor. "HALAL INDUSTRIAL FOOD WASTE MANAGEMENT: LESSON LEARNT FROM JAPAN." Proceeding of Annual Conference on Islamic Economy and Law 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 136–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/aciel.v2i1.138.

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One-third of all food produced for human use is wasted or discarded into the environment via landfilling. Currently, the only cheaper and easier option in Brunei is landfill. Dumping organic waste materials from industrial food waste into the environment contributes to harmful environmental effects. The value of food waste is being increasingly recognised, and Brunei Darussalam is among the highest in the area, with a solid waste output of 1.4 kg per capita per day. However, just 11.3% of food waste is estimated to have been recycled, with the remainder ending up in landfills. Through participation in the JENESYS Programme, the researcher virtually visited a company at Kobe Plant. The session was eye-opening and related to responsible consumption and production where the company implemented zero waste. In this context, this paper will highlight the waste reduction concept to enhance the current state of halal industrial food waste management. Through waste reduction or zero-waste implementation, these wastes can be converted into value-added products. This would strengthen the halal food sector and support the government's aspiration to achieve Brunei Vision 2035 Goal 3 – Dynamic and Sustainable Economy as well as SDG Goal 12 – Responsible Consumption and Production. This study also shows how effective waste reduction for a sustainable, healthy environment and circular economy may be achieved by handling industrial food waste.
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Cunnington, Jannice. "Waste Responsibility: Or Wasted Opportunity?" Journal of Perioperative Practice 16, no. 10 (October 2006): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045890601601001.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Waste"

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Holst, Levi. "Waste Is Not Waste Until It's Wasted." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-171592.

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Jaensson, Stina. "Solid waste management implementation, an opportunity not to be wasted : Solid waste management in Babati, Tanzania." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2432.

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The amount of waste is increasing in the world due to changed consumption patterns and increasing populations. This is a problem especially in poor countries where the ability to handle the waste is limited due to financial and management problems. The non-profit organization WASTE has developed an Integrated Sustainable Waste Management- concept (ISWM), trying to help cities with waste management. The concept focuses on cooperation and participation among stakeholders, and also introduction of micro-and small enterprises and community based organizations. The aim of this thesis is to give recommendations to Babati, a small town in the north of Tanzania, how to develop their waste management based on the concept of ISWM. A case study has been carried out in the town, founding out that the streets of the town is free from litter today but is  facing big challenges in the future. The town has a growing population and is just about to change waste management system. The new system is not developed in cooperation with the stakeholders in the town, but rather an initiative from the authorities, which will make the system very fragile. However, it is not too late to take action for securing a successful implementation of the system. The authorities of Babati now have an opportunity to adjust the solid waste system before population and the mountain of waste gets out of control. The suggestions given to Babati are to have parallel systems of waste collecting; it will try to meet people’s different needs. Encourage people to make waste handling into a business is also essential, that will reduce the amount of waste and generate incomes at the same time. Finally and most important is to involve all stakeholders and listen to their needs.  If the stakeholders are parts of the process and involved in decision making, it is much more likely that the system becomes sustainable and a success.

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Lau, Kin-wah. "Management, disposal and recycling of waste organic solvents in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19945139.

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Chrobog, Christian Karim. "Wasted: understanding the economic and social impact of food waste." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13325.

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Submitted by Christian Karim Chrobog (christian.chrobog2015@fgvmail.br) on 2015-01-28T14:04:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CHROBOG.pdf: 1209703 bytes, checksum: dbc2ec80a66d3fb21210bcaa3225e61a (MD5)
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Over one-third of global food production goes to waste while over 850million people are fighting chronic hunger. The United States is the world’s largest food waster. One third of America’s food with an economic value of US$161 billion is wasted and less than 7% is recycled. American food waste ends up in landfills creating powerful methane gas emissions. South Korea, on the other hand, has implemented the world’s strictest food waste laws, and today diverts 93% of wasted food away from landfills turning such waste into powerful economic opportunities. This Master Thesis investigates the reasons behind global food waste by comparing South Korea and the US. It explores what these two nations are doing to address their respective food waste problems, South Korea successfully, the US not. The paper looks at the two countries’ respective policies and national characteristics, which impact decision-making and recycling processes. The effort concludes that South Korea has embarked on a necessary paradigm shift turning food waste into powerful economic drivers leading to a sharp decline in food waste. In the US, food waste continues to be a major problem without a national strategy to remedy waste. Any effort in the US, while laudable, is sporadic and local, and hence the US misses out on possibly important economic growth opportunities.
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Pongrácz, E. (Eva). "Re-defining the concepts of waste and waste management:evolving the Theory of Waste Management." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514268210.

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Abstract In an attempt to construct a new agenda for waste management, this thesis explores the importance of the definition of waste and its impact on waste management, and the role of ownership in waste management. It is recognised that present legal waste definitions are ambiguous and do not really give an insight into the concept of waste. Moreover, despite its explicit wish of waste prevention, when according to present legislation a thing is assigned the label of a waste, it is going to be treated like waste, implicitly legislation thus amasses waste. The philosophical ramifications inherent in such definitions mean that they are not capable of constructing a system that, by its very nature, results in a sustainable waste management system. It is also a fact that, while there are numerous practices as to how to deal with a particular type of waste, there is no theory of waste management. In this thesis, waste as a concept is analysed from the point of view of why and when waste is created. Using the PSSP language, waste is classified based on the Purpose and Performance attributes. New, dynamic definitions for waste and waste management are offered, which explain why waste is created and intrinsically offer a solution to how the problem could be solved. Additional waste-related concepts are introduced, which are thought to have great potential for improvement on waste regulation. The concept of ownership is explained as rights and responsibilities of waste creators/owners: it is thus crucial to raising awareness about waste. Ownership in itself often dictates which waste management options are preferentially adopted by a given community. The role of legislation in producing monitoring systems for the transfer of ownership as well as abandonment of ownership is analysed. To avoid obstacles to resource conservation due to materials being considered waste, a definition for non-waste is introduced. The new agenda for waste management thus focuses upon the development of more appropriate, sustainable definitions so that what is now commonly perceived as being waste will in fact be increasingly seen as resource-rich, 'non-waste'. The role of waste management is explained as control of all waste-related activities, with the aim of preventing, minimising or utilising waste. The need for a theory of waste management is explained, and the first building blocks of the theory are proposed. This thesis is offered as the first step toward scientification of waste management.
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Rosberg, Philip. "Waste management at Electrolux : Proposals for a New Waste Management- and Waste Reporting System." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202577.

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There has been an increased trend and awareness, during the past two decades, for global companies to assess their environmental impact. And when it comes to waste management, there are at this point few disarmaments that an increased awareness of companies’ resource-, and waste streams can have positive financial outcomes, if actions are taken. A lot of these ideas have already been implemented within Electrolux. By developing an energy and water management plan, Green Spirit, they have successfully improved their operations with reducing their energy intensity with 17% (2011-2015) and water intensity with 35% (2011- 2015) (Electrolux Sustainability, 2016). This study has the main objective how to improve and reduce waste in Electrolux´s production facilities, and to help Electrolux understand their waste streams. By assessing the waste performance at Electrolux, and by comparing environmental KPIs between Electrolux and a selection of competitors, a basis for decision was developed. Literature studies of legislative frameworks in geographical regions where Electrolux have a strong presence have helped to understand how companies can work with regulatory entities to solve greater issues. By joining forces with other companies and governments, Electrolux will be able to set an example of how waste performance and profitability can be achieved. By sharing best practice, and engaging with stakeholders and developers, Electrolux can help improve waste performance and save natural resources. This thesis has lead to the development of a new management system, a new reporting system, and a transparent way to rank and keep track of waste performance at Electrolux factories. A way to understand and address issues related to zero waste is also presented.
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Mazumder, Shanta. "Hydrothermal Upgrading of Coal Waste with Food Waste." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1564657234997005.

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Carolus, Vernon. "Waste and waste management in Breede Valley district." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/784.

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Thesis (MTech (Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007
The waste management that is taking place in the Breede Valley district focus mainly on disposal and end-of-pipe solutions. This approach resulted in serious negative impacts on the environment and human health. Improper waste management practices have become a major source of concern due to the risk associated with poor waste management in the area. Indiscriminate dumping of waste at street corners is very common. The basic waste management processes of collection, transport, segregation and [mal disposal appear to be very inefficient and inadequate. The objective of this study was to determine the composition of the waste stream as well as public awareness, attitudes and behaviours towards current and alternative waste management practices. A waste assessment study was conducted to determine the amount of waste generated by the different communities, as well as how much and what of the recyclables can be taken out of the waste stream by recycling. For this study data was obtained by formulation of questionnaires for businesses, communities and medical practitioners, as well as an interview with the Engineering Department of the Breede Valley Municipality about the current waste management situation in the area. From the data obtain from businesses, communities and medical facilities, it is clear that public participation, partnership, education and awareness is essential for effective integrated waste management. This study revealed that waste management practices are inefficient, uncontrolled and fragmented. This investigation shows that there is a huge difference between the different communities in terms of the volume of waste generation. The study also shows that waste related legislation is outdated and fragmented and there is no enforcement by municipal officials. The major Issues and challenges that affect the management of waste. include its organisational structure and lack of waste minimisation plans.
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Hoffman, Edward Albert. "Neutron transmutation of nuclear waste." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16700.

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Tereshchenko, K. "Waste exchanges." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26799.

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Books on the topic "Waste"

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Fry, Tony. Waste not waste. Rozelle, NSW: EcoDesign Foundation, 1996.

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Naftalin, Ethan S. Waste generator's compliance manual: Hazardous waste, universal waste, special waste, municipal waste. Rockville, Md: Government Institutes, 1995.

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Venkateswaran, Sandhya. The wealth of waste: Waste pickers, solid wastes, and urban development. New Delhi: Friedrich-Ebert Stiftung, 1995.

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Massachusetts. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs. Office of Technical Assistance. Paint waste prevention. Boston, Mass: Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, Office of Technical Assistance, 1996.

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Bowden, Rob. Waste. London: Wayland, 2007.

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Assembly, Wales National, ed. Waste. Cardiff: Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru, 2001.

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Wendy, Oldfield, ed. Waste. Austin, Tex: Steck-Vaughn Library, 1992.

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1953-, Banyard Julie, ed. Waste. London: CollinsEducational, 1994.

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Bowden, Rob. Waste. San Diego: Kidhaven Press, 2004.

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Gifford, Clive. Waste. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Waste"

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Beckie, Roger. "Mine Waste." In Heavy Metal, 201–10. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0373.27.

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To a large extent, mining is a waste management business. In most mining operations, metal resources are found in host rocks at concentrations of a few percent or less, resulting in the production of large quantities of wastes during metal extraction and processing. These wastes can occur in the form of bulk waste rock, and fine-grained material (tailings) that remain after the ore is ground and processed. The two principal mine-waste management challenges are the containment of tailings, and the management of contamination leaching from tailings and waste rock. Over the past decade, several high-profile, catastrophic tailings-dam failures have led to a significant change in the way mine wastes are treated. New global standards have significantly improved industry tailing-management practices, with the potential to significantly reduce, if not eliminate, the environmental impacts of mine wastes. This essay reviews the complex problem of mine waste management, and discusses emerging new approaches—both technical and regulatory—to help ensure that mine waste storage facilities are safe from catastrophic failure, and non-polluting in perpetuity. More work is needed to ensure that these new approaches become cost-effective so that they can be widely adopted by the global mining sector.
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Everett, Jess W. "Waste Waste Collection solid waste collection and Transport solid waste transport(ing) Solid wastes Transport." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 11655–73. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_124.

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Thompson, Shirley, Mary Rezai, and Jeff Valdivia. "Waste Diversion waste diversion." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 11673–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_126.

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Margaret Popoola, Bukola. "Biodegradable Waste." In Recycling - Recent Advances [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107910.

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Biodegradable wastes are waste materials easily degraded or broken down naturally by factors such as biotic (bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, etc.) and abiotic (pH, temperature, oxygen, humidity, etc.). This process enables complex substances to be broken down into simpler organic compounds which subsequently fade into the soil. This is a natural process that could be prolonged or rapid and poses little risks to the environment. These waste materials could be termed green waste; including food waste, paper waste, and biodegradable plastics such are found in municipal solid waste. Other examples of biodegradable wastes include sewage, manure, sewage sludge, human waste, waste from various slaughterhouses, hospital waste, dead animals, and plants. Biodegradable waste could be said to be recyclable or reused; furthermore, bio-waste recycling may also directly contribute to climate protection. They are generally known as useful waste. Recycling is one of the current waste management strategies having great benefits for the environment.
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Tammemagi, Hans. "Waste." In The Waste Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128987.003.0004.

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We are a wasteful lot on planet Earth. We do not mean to be, but this is an inherent and unavoidable feature of human society. The processes of living, eating, working, playing, and dying all utilize consumer products whose production and use generate wastes. Every candy bar has a wrapper; every apple has a core. It is almost impossible to think of a process that does not create some waste. There is sawdust from cutting lumber, metal shavings from drilling and soldering circuit boards, sludges from chemical processes, leftover food from restaurants, waste paper by the ton from environmental hearings and other legal proceedings, dirty diapers, and other household garbage. Societal wastes range from the refuse produced by every family to highly toxic industrial wastes from the production of specialized goods such as electronics, computers, cars, petrochemicals, and plastics. Virtually every aspect of our daily lives generates waste. Waste cannot be avoided. But what happens to all this waste? Some of it is recycled. During the past ten years there has been a growing realization that our globe is finite in its resources, and that the environment is under considerable stress and is being quietly but relentlessly despoiled. In response, streetside “blue box” and other recycling programs have sprouted. Approximately 20% of municipal waste in North America is currently being recycled: metal cans are going back to smelters, paper back to pulp mills, and glass and plastic to factories to be turned into new products. Recycling programs are still expanding, and it is anticipated that in the future as much as 50%, and perhaps even more, of all household and commercial waste will be recycled. Some of the waste is incinerated. When this is accompanied by generation of electricity or useful steam or heat, it can be viewed as a form of recycling—the conversion of waste to energy, a very useful product. It also helps preserve precious nonrenewable resources such as gas, oil, and coal. Many people, however, are concerned about the emissions that are released into the air and the ash that is produced. About 18% of municipal solid waste in the United States is currently being incinerated, with about 75% of the incinerators generating energy (EPA, 1994).
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Tammemagi, Hans. "Wastes: Know Your Enemy." In The Waste Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128987.003.0009.

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When Sherlock Holmes solves a mystery, he studies the strengths, weaknesses, foibles, egos, sensitivities, and other traits of the villains. It is the same with wastes: a detailed understanding of their characteristics is fundamental to being able to manage them properly. To determine the size of a disposal facility, we must know the volumes and rate of generation of waste. A MRF cannot be designed unless it is known what recyclables are contained in the waste stream. A knowledge of the physical and chemical nature of waste allows engineers to select landfill construction materials that will be compatible with the waste. We must understand the toxic and hazardous components in order to design the facility to endure for a period of time commensurate with the hazardous lifetime of the waste. Because of the incredibly large number of existing waste compounds, it is useful to categorize them. Unfortunately, there are no well-established categorization systems in place. We will describe wastes using two main classification systems, and then we will describe their most important characteristics. The first system is a functional one; that is, the wastes are classified by generator. The second is a classification by chemical type. This somewhat arbitrary system combines different kinds of waste primarily by the group or industry that generates the waste. These waste types include: • municipal wastes • industrial wastes • hazardous wastes • radioactive wastes This is a convenient classification because each of these waste classes is generally managed and disposed of as a group. In addition, substantial volumes of waste are generated by the mining and agricultural sectors; these are not discussed in this book. Municipal solid wastes, as the name implies, are produced by the everyday activities in a community. They arise from the following sources: • residential—houses and apartments • commercial—stores, restaurants, office buildings, service stations, etc. • institutional—schools, courthouses, hospitals, etc. • construction and demolition—construction sites, road repair, building demolition, etc. • municipal services—street-cleaning, garden and park landscaping, wastewater treatment, etc. We are a wasteful society. Every person in North America generates approximately 2 kilograms of garbage each day.
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Rai, Alok, Richa Kothari, and D. P. Singh. "Assessment of Available Technologies for Hospital Waste Management." In Waste Management, 860–76. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1210-4.ch039.

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Modern hospital practices with galloping growth in medical technology facilitate increase human life span, decrease mortality rate and increase natality rate. Life supporting health services generates potentially hazardous and infectious hospital wastes like pharmaceuticals, cottons, food, paper, plastics, radionuclide, sharps, and anatomical parts etc. These wastes are complex in nature with maximum part of municipal solid waste and small part of biomedical waste (anatomical parts, body parts etc.). Improper conduct and management of hospital waste create several problems and nosocomial diseases to human beings and harms environment. Traditional practices included for management are open burning, mixing waste, liquid discharge and waste disposal without treatment normally. Hence, this issue comes in lime light and several guidelines come to sort out this problem. Thus, challenges associated with traditional hospital waste management techniques and modern techniques for management are assessed in general and association with human society in particular in this chapter.
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"Waste no Waste." In Recovering Resources - Recycling Citizenship, 15–32. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315604084-6.

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Quaik, Shlrene, Asha Embrandiri, Kaizar Hossain, and Norli Ismail. "Giving Waste a Second Chance." In Waste Management, 1287–303. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1210-4.ch058.

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Overpopulation is no doubt worldwide concern as it brings different problems to urbanization process as well as environment. Waste is number one side product of overpopulation. Waste generation is ever increasing in both urban and suburban area and has led to many environmental issues. Many of the waste generated have potential to be transformed into value added products. By recycling, reusing and re-purposing these wastes, we are actually reducing the amount of waste produced and at the same time helping to solve waste disposal problem as many of the wastes exhibit strong energy producing potential. Overpopulation may be an issue of its own; nonetheless, it also provides us an army of human power in tackling environmental issues. Population is a valuable asset. The potential of that amount of man power, especially youth, combining with various awareness campaigns and 3R campaigns introduced by government and NGO are important in targeting these problems.
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Theophilus Ogunwumi, Olawale, and Lukumon Salami. "Perspective Chapter: Industrial Waste Landfills." In Solid Waste Management - Recent Advances [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108787.

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Wastes are generated as a result of anthropogenic activities. The rapid industrialization of human society in the twenty-first century has led to an increase in the generation of industrial wastes that have negatively impacted humans and the environment. While industrial operations and techniques have improved globally, leading to a higher standard of living, economic prosperity, and healthcare delivery, industries have continued to produce waste on a scale never before seen. This chapter discussed industrial wastes, waste generation, and industries involved, waste disposal, landfilling as a disposal method, effects of waste disposal, modern techniques in industrial waste management, landfill sustainability, and regulations.
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Conference papers on the topic "Waste"

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Arama, Georgeta Madalina, Lidia Kim, Adriana Cuciureanu, Agnes Serbanescu, Ileana Nicolescu, Mona Barbu, Bogdan Stanescu, and Gina Traistaru. "END OF WASTE CRITERIA FOR OIL WASTES." In International Symposium "The Environment and the Industry". National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2018.fp25.

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"WASTE 2018 Preface." In 2018 IEEE International Conference "Management of Municipal Waste as an Important Factor of Sustainable Urban Development" (WASTE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waste.2018.8554100.

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"WASTE 2018 TOC." In 2018 IEEE International Conference "Management of Municipal Waste as an Important Factor of Sustainable Urban Development" (WASTE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waste.2018.8554143.

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"WASTE 2018 Cover Page." In 2018 IEEE International Conference "Management of Municipal Waste as an Important Factor of Sustainable Urban Development" (WASTE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waste.2018.8554101.

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"WASTE 2018 Author Index." In 2018 IEEE International Conference "Management of Municipal Waste as an Important Factor of Sustainable Urban Development" (WASTE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waste.2018.8554170.

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Rusjanto, Juli, Orig Setianto Hartoyo, Farid Munawar Qory, A. A. Iksan Aripin, Rendy ismara saroso, and Khoharuddin Rohman. "A New Way to Waste Recording, Waste Tracking, and Waste Reporting to Improve Waste Management." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/147034-ms.

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Sone, Tomoyuki, Toshiki Sasaki, and Hiromi Yamaguchi. "Reduction of Radioactive Secondary Waste With Steam Reforming in Treatment of Waste TBP/Dodecane." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7144.

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Waste tributyl phosphate (TBP) and normal dodecane generated from R&D activities on recycle of nuclear fuel has been stored in Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). If it is incinerated, a large quantity of contaminated phosphorous compounds will be generated as radioactive secondary wastes. The objective of this study is to reduce the generation of the radioactive secondary wastes by the treatment of the waste TBP/dodecane using steam reforming system. We constructed the demonstration scale steam reforming system which consists of a gasification chamber for vaporization of wastes, a metal mesh filter for removal of radioactive nuclides from gasified wastes, a combustion chamber, and scrubbers for removal of phosphorous oxides. We conducted process demonstration tests using waste TBP/dodecane with 0.07 g/L of uranium. We studied the temperature dependence of the gasification ratio of inorganic phosphorus compounds formed by pyrolysis of TBP in the gasification chamber and removal of uranium by the filter. As the results, more than 90% of phosphorus compounds were gasified from the gasification chamber at temperature of 600°C or more, and the uranium concentration in the waste water generated from the off-gas treatment system is under the detection limits. The waste water containing the separated phosphorus compounds can be discharged into the river or the sea as the liquid wastes in which uranium concentration is under the regulatory level. These results show the steam reforming system is effective in the reduction of radioactive secondary waste in the treatment of TBP/dodecane.
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Borisova, M. A., M. V. Ryshikova, and A. A. Gomazova. "Municipal Solid Waste Management in China." In 2018 IEEE International Conference "Management of Municipal Waste as an Important Factor of Sustainable Urban Development" (WASTE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waste.2018.8554107.

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BISHOP, MIHAELA, and PHIL MEGICKS. "‘WASTE NOT, WANT NOT!’: QUALITATIVE INSIGHTS INTO CONSUMER FOOD WASTE BEHAVIOUR." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm180281.

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Holmgren, K. "Waste incineration in Swedish municipal energy systems." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm060261.

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Reports on the topic "Waste"

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Duque, Ramón, and Héctor Collazos. Regional Review of Economic Instruments for Solid Waste Management in Latin America and the Caribbean: Case Study of Solid Waste Management in Montebello, Antioquia: Executive Summary. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009103.

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A key issue addressed at the February 2003 meeting was the management of solid wastes, focusing on the use of economic instruments as management tools to minimize wastes at their sources, produce the largest possible amount of recycling, achieve the largest collection coverage that is financially viable, carry out a safe and optimum final waste disposal (from the economic, social and environmental viewpoints) and strengthen citizen's participation in solid waste management.
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Wilson, Emily, Susannah Davidson, Andrew McDermott, and Angela Urban. Hazardous and solid waste management planning in select African countries. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48333.

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Managing wastes produced during contingency operations in United States Africa Command (USAFRICOM) locations has historically relied on local contract disposal or open-air burn pits, which have been shown to be harmful to the health of service members. Posture locations that can find alternative ways to manage waste, specifically through contracts with the host country’s waste services, can better protect the health and safety of the warfighter and the native landscapes. African waste systems are complex, decentralized systems with considerable regional variation. The lack of government-funded waste management services leaves many residents with few options for safe disposal. The differing waste disposal strategies are described to offer guidance for military operations in the focus countries of Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, and Uganda. Relevant international agreements regulating the flow of hazardous waste across borders that can impact disposal plans are also noted. This report serves as a reference to develop waste management alternatives in the USAFRICOM area of responsibility (AOR). Official Department of Defense and Army regulations should be consulted when devising an integrated waste management plan.
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Unknown, Author. PR-180-524-R01 Generation and Disposal of Oily Waste from Natural Gas Transportation Facilities. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011455.

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Evaluates (1) the generation and disposal of used oil and oily waste at natural gas transportation facilities, and (2) the existing and anticipated regulations for their impact on handling these wastes.
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Author, Unknown. TC-3085 Generation and Disposal of Used Oil and Oily Waste from Natural Gas Transportation Facilities. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012089.

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A project to (1) study the generation and disposal of used oil and oily waste at natural gas transportation facilities, and (2) evaluate the existing and anticipated regulations for their impact on handling these wastes.
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Breewood, Helen. What is food loss and food waste? Edited by Walter Fraanje and Tara Garnett. Food Climate Research Network, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/f98ed9f6.

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Around one third of the weight of food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted, and around a third of crop calories are lost to the food system during livestock production. Meanwhile, the global food system causes significant environmental impacts and around 800 million people are undernourished. This building block examines the following aspects of food loss and waste: mainstream definitions and alternative understandings, global statistics, and ‘hierarchies’ for prevention and treatment.
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Abizaid, Olga, Maguette Diop, Adama Soumaré, and Emilie Wilson. Waste Pickers Are Part of the Solution to Solid Waste Management in Senegal. Institute of Development Studies, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.012.

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Waste pickers from the Bokk Diom organisation, working at Dakar’s Mbeubeuss landfill – in Senegal’s capital city –, continued to provide essential waste management services throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, contributing to public health, reducing environmental harm, and mitigating greenhouse gases. As with many, their incomes were impacted by the pandemic, especially those of women. However, the greatest threat to their incomes and livelihoods is the transformation of the waste management system, a process which they are excluded from. Drawing on research carried out with Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO) during the pandemic, Bokk Diom was able to advocate on behalf of waste pickers and obtain pledges of inclusion in solid waste management (SWM) from national authorities. Bokk Diom and WIEGO are continuing in their efforts to attain a just transition for waste pickers.
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Archer, Diane, and Charrlotte Adelina. Labour, waste and the circular economy in Bangkok. Stockholm Environment Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.018.

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Without the informal economy, there would be no waste recycling in most Asian cities. In many Asian countries, waste management systems are underdeveloped, with the informal economy dominating the processes of waste collection, sorting and recycling. In this short report, we present preliminary findings from our survey of 34 waste pickers in Bangkok. The report sheds light on their working conditions, health risks, gendered dimensions and the challenges they face in waste recycling.
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Smith, Ianthe, Paola Méndez, and Rodrigo Riquelme. Solid Waste Management in the Caribbean: Proceedings from the Caribbean Solid Waste Conference. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009290.

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This publication looks into the Solid Waste Sector situation in nine Caribbean countries: The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Jamaica, Guyana, Haiti, Suriname, St Lucia and Trinidad and Tobago. Adequate solid waste management is a particularly sensitive issue for them. This publication provides a detailed overview of the institutional arrangements in these countries, describes the main challenges and recommendations for solid waste collection, treatment and disposal, and discusses topics such as the financial sustainability and the impact of climate change on the sector.
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Avis, William. Responsible E-Waste Value Chains in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.015.

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Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices, increased affordability and consumer appetite for new products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on e-waste value chains. The report should be read I conjunction with an earlier report on e-waste management. E-waste is any electrical or electronic equipment, including all components, subassemblies and consumables, which are part of the equipment at the time the equipment becomes waste. When e-waste is collected and treated formally, it normally includes the following steps: Collection, Sorting and disassembly, Size reduction, Separation. The following five pillars of a sustainable e-waste management system have been identified: • Business and finance • Policy and regulation • Technology and skills • Monitoring and control • Marketing and awareness As such, to support the development of a responsible e-waste value chain, the following elements must be addressed. • Understanding how e-waste is currently managed • There is no one-size-fits all solution to building a robust e-waste management system based on extended producer responsibility. • An e-waste system built without a participatory approach is likely to be hampered by a series of issues. • An overarching policy is necessary • The choices made for the sector should be founded on two crucial elements – data from on the ground, and inputs from stakeholders. • Enforcement is incumbent on the government mandate The push towards a circular economy has provided stakeholders across the value chain with an impetus to initiate systemic improvements and invest in infrastructure and awareness raising.
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Avis, William. Technical Aspects of e-Waste Management. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.051.

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Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices, increased affordability and consumer appetite for new products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on the technical aspects e-waste value chains. The report should be read in conjunction with two earlier reports on e-waste management1. E-waste is any electrical or electronic equipment, including all components, subassemblies and consumables, which are part of the equipment at the time the equipment becomes waste. The exact treatment of Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) can vary enormously according to the category of WEEE and technology that is used. Electrical and electronic items contain a wide variety of materials. As a result of this complex mix of product types and materials, some of which are hazardous (including arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury and certain flame retardants) multiple approaches to WEEE are required, each with specific technical guidelines. This report is structured as follows: Section two provides an introduction to the technical aspects of e-waste management, including a reflection on the challenges and complexities of managing a range of product types involving a range of components and pollutants. Section three provides an annotated bibliography of key readings that discuss elements of the technical aspects of managing e-waste. This bibliography includes readings on national guidelines, training manuals and technical notes produced by the Basel convention and courses. WEEE recycling can be a complex and multifaced process. In order to manage e-waste effectively, the following must be in place Legislative and regulatory frameworks Waste Prevention and minimisation guidelines Identification of waste mechanisms Sampling, analysis and monitoring expertise Handling, collection, packaging, labelling, transportation and storage guidelines Environmentally sound disposal guidelines Management is further complicated by the speed of technological advance with technologies becoming redundant much sooner than initially planned. Case studies show that the average actual lifetimes of certain electronic products are at least 2.3 years shorter than either their designed or desired lifetimes.
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