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Clemens, C. J., R. L. Davis, A. H. Novack, and F. A. Connell. "Pediatric Home Health Care in King County, Washington." PEDIATRICS 99, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.99.4.581.
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Meyer, Mary Hockenberry. "685 Junior Master Gardener Programs in Minnesota." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 517A—517. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.517a.
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Development of a new children's horticulture curriculum, the Junior Master Gardener program, from Texas A&M Univ. has lead to several youth projects in Minnesota. In Chisago County, Minn., Master Gardeners have instructed 4-H leaders who taught weekly sessions to elementary age children. Older teens have been leaders in this project as well. In Hennepin County, Minn., the program has been used by teachers and Master Gardeners in a formal classroom setting. Additional programs in Anoka, Rice, Winona, and Washington Counties, Minn., have used this curriculum. Leaders say the strengths of the program are the extensive and detailed list of projects, the impact on the local community when children do the service component, and children's learning of the scientific concepts that are the basis of the program. Cost of the materials and distribution are negative features. Further program examples will be highlighted and detailed at this workshop.
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Jackson, Erika K. "A Review of “A Home for Every Child: The Washington Children's Home Society in the Progressive Era”." History: Reviews of New Books 41, no. 3 (July 2013): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2013.787877.
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Hacsi, Tim. "A Home for Every Child: The Washington Children's Home Society in the Progressive Eraby Patricia Susan Hart." Adoption Quarterly 15, no. 1 (January 2012): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926755.2011.628268.
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Paredes, Miguel I., Amanda C. Perofsky, Lauren Frisbie, Louise H. Moncla, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Hong Xie, Shah A. Mohamed Bakhash, et al. "Local-scale phylodynamics reveal differential community impact of SARS-CoV-2 in a metropolitan US county." PLOS Pathogens 20, no. 3 (March 26, 2024): e1012117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012117.
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SARS-CoV-2 transmission is largely driven by heterogeneous dynamics at a local scale, leaving local health departments to design interventions with limited information. We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genomes sampled between February 2020 and March 2022 jointly with epidemiological and cell phone mobility data to investigate fine scale spatiotemporal SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in King County, Washington, a diverse, metropolitan US county. We applied an approximate structured coalescent approach to model transmission within and between North King County and South King County alongside the rate of outside introductions into the county. Our phylodynamic analyses reveal that following stay-at-home orders, the epidemic trajectories of North and South King County began to diverge. We find that South King County consistently had more reported and estimated cases, COVID-19 hospitalizations, and longer persistence of local viral transmission when compared to North King County, where viral importations from outside drove a larger proportion of new cases. Using mobility and demographic data, we also find that South King County experienced a more modest and less sustained reduction in mobility following stay-at-home orders than North King County, while also bearing more socioeconomic inequities that might contribute to a disproportionate burden of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Overall, our findings suggest a role for local-scale phylodynamics in understanding the heterogeneous transmission landscape.
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Kwan-Gett, Tao Sheng, Atar Baer, and Jeffrey S. Duchin. "Spring 2009 H1N1 Influenza Outbreak in King County, Washington." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 3, S2 (December 2009): S109—S116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dmp.0b013e3181c6b818.
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ABSTRACTBackground: In April 2009, King County, Washington, experienced a sustained outbreak of 2009 H1N1 influenza A. This report describes the epidemiology of that outbreak in King County, home to a diverse population of 1.9 million people.Methods: The 2 primary sources of data are case investigations of reported laboratory-confirmed 2009 H1N1 influenza A and a population-based syndromic surveillance system that captures data from emergency departments (EDs). A syndromic category for influenza-like illness was defined based on chief complaint and diagnosis.Results: ED visits for influenza-like illness peaked quickly in the first week of the outbreak and remained high for approximately 6 weeks, with school-age children accounting for the greater number of ED visits, followed by young adults. Children ages 0 to 4 years had the highest rate of hospitalization. Among reported cases, blacks, Asians, and Hispanics were more likely to be hospitalized. Predisposing factors associated with admission were immune compromise, chronic lung disease, chronic heart disease, pregnancy, diabetes, and asthma. Of people receiving antiviral treatment, 34% started their medication more than 2 calendar days after the onset of illness. Mean days between illness onset and antiviral treatment were greater for blacks, Hispanics, and foreign language speakers.Conclusions: The spring 2009 influenza A H1N1 outbreak disproportionately affected children, young adults, and racial and ethnic minorities. Opportunities exist to improve the timeliness of antiviral treatment. Potential barriers to care for racial and ethnic minorities should be proactively addressed to ensure prompt evaluation and treatment. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(Suppl 2):S109–S116)
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Ribbing, Sheridan, and George Xydis. "Renewable Energy at Home: A Look into Purchasing a Wind Turbine for Home Use—The Cost of Blindly Relying on One Tool in Decision Making." Clean Technologies 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3020017.
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Small-scale wind turbines simulations are not as accurate when it comes to costs as compared to the large-scale wind turbines, where costs are more or less standard. In this paper, an analysis was done on a decision for a wind turbine investment in Bellingham, Whatcom County, Washington. It was revealed that a decision taken based only on a software tool could be destructive for the sustainability of a project, since not taking into account specific taxation, net metering, installation, maintenance costs, etc., beyond the optimization that the tool offers, can hide the truth.
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Leung, R., J. Q. Koenig, N. Simcox, G. van Belle, R. Fenske, and S. G. Gilbert. "Behavioral changes following participation in a home health promotional program in King County, Washington." Environmental Health Perspectives 105, no. 10 (October 1997): 1132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.971051132.
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Taylor, Adam, and Fareeha Siddiqui. "Bringing Global Health Home: The Case of Global to Local in King County, Washington." Annals of Global Health 82, no. 6 (March 15, 2017): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2016.11.006.
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Carlson, Jordan A., Lawrence D. Frank, Jared Ulmer, Terry L. Conway, Brian E. Saelens, Kelli L. Cain, and James F. Sallis. "Work and Home Neighborhood Design and Physical Activity." American Journal of Health Promotion 32, no. 8 (April 26, 2018): 1723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117118768767.
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Purpose: To investigate relations of perceived worksite neighborhood environments to total physical activity and active transportation, over and above home neighborhood built environments. Design: Observational epidemiologic study. Setting: Baltimore, Maryland-Washington, DC, and Seattle-King County, Washington metropolitan areas. Participants: One thousand eighty-five adults (mean age = 45.0 [10.2]; 46% women) recruited from 32 neighborhoods stratified by high/low neighborhood income and walkability. Measures: The Neighborhood Environment Walkability Survey assessed perceptions of worksite and home neighborhood environments. Accelerometers assessed total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire assessed total active transportation and active transportation to and around work. Analysis: Mixed-effects regression tested relations of home and worksite neighborhood environments to each physical activity outcome, adjusted for demographics. Results: Home and worksite mixed land use and street connectivity had the most consistent positive associations with physical activity outcomes. Worksite traffic and pedestrian safety were also associated with multiple physical activity outcomes. The worksite neighborhood explained additional variance in physical activity outcomes than explained by the home neighborhood. Worksite and home neighborhood environments interacted in explaining active transportation to work, with the greatest impacts occurring when both neighborhoods were activity supportive. Conclusion: Both worksite and home neighborhood environments were independently related to total MVPA and active transportation. Community design policies should target improving the physical activity supportiveness of worksite neighborhood environments and integrating commercial and residential development.
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Gill, David Michael, Wendy Burr, Mckenzie Bell, Alisa Thomas, Jenny Simmonds, Megan Mullalley, Libby Petersen, et al. "Barriers to patient-centered oncology care: Pilot study of home infusion of anticancer immunotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.36.
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36 Background: ASCO published a position statement regarding home infusion of anticancer therapy in June 2020. This statement recommends independent research to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of home infusions. Intermountain Healthcare (IM) incorporated this statement into its oncology care with an IRB-approved, prospective single-arm pilot study to determine the safety and feasibility of home administration of checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) immunotherapy with synchronous telemedicine visits. Methods: Patients with cancer receiving treatment at Intermountain Medical Center and Intermountain Cancer Center St. George were screened for enrollment into an IRB-approved, non-randomized pilot study of 20 patients. Eligibility criteria required patients to receive a CPI for an FDA-approved indication, live in Washington County or Salt Lake County, Utah, and have commercial payer coverage of CPI home infusion. Eligible patients were required to receive 2 doses of CPI at an infusion center, and patients who experienced an infusion reaction were excluded from receiving home infusion. Home infusion nurses are trained in oncology, CPIs, and home infusion reaction protocol. During synchronous video visits, infusion nurses are trained to perform the hands-on portions of the physical exam. A financial analysis estimated cost to IM and commercial payers for routine and home CPI infusions. Results: 622 patients were screened, of which 104 were receiving a CPI. 64 patients lived in an eligible county and 19 patients had commercial payer coverage. Of patients on CPIs, 8.7% (9/104) met all eligibility criteria accounting for 1.4% (9/622) of all patients with cancer screened (Table). Financial analysis estimated $829 cost (excluding drug cost) to IM for standard infusion reimbursement compared to $599 for in-home CPI infusions, accounting for savings of $230 per infusion. Majority of cost savings are from elimination of infusion center facilities fee ($495). Analysis includes $269 for home infusion nurse wages. Subsequent analysis for commercial payer SelectHealth estimates $270 reimbursement savings for the payer. Conclusions: Home immunotherapy infusions are estimated to be cost effective for both IM and commercial payers. However, lack of drug coverage and the rural demographics of Utahns with cancer are barriers to home CPI infusions. The pilot study was discontinued per infeasibility stopping criteria.[Table: see text]
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Briand, Greta, and Ruth Peters. "Community Commentary." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 8, SI (December 15, 2010): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v8isi.2045.
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The Marshallese community of Orange County California is a part of a highly mobile population that migrates between Hawai‘i, Arkansas, Washington, and California. In Orange County, the Marshallese community is primarily centered on faith-based organization in the city of Costa Mesa. Culture and language strengthen the bonds between different Marshallese communities across the U.S., and churches serve as conduits for communication between groups. Culture also places an important role in guiding behavior pertaining to health and social interaction. For instance, as in many other cultures, Marshallese men and women do not speak to each other about health, particularly reproductive health, in an open social setting. In Orange County, one female Marshallese health educator promotes breast and cervical cancer screening by talking informally with women, usually in faith-based settings and in-home visits. This community commentary describes the key cultural considerations and strategies used by the health educator to reach and educate the community.
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Helms, Ronald, S. E. Costanza, and Ricky S. Gutierrez. "Social Inequality and County-Level Correlates of State Prison Releases and Releases from Community Supervision." International Journal of Social Science Research 4, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v4i1.8215.
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Prisoner reentry is an important contemporary policy concern as many ex-convicts reenter communities uneducated and unprepared to compete in local labor markets. This study uses data from the 2003 National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP) for the states of California, Illinois and Washington to examine contextual correlates of reentry patterns. The analyses reveal systematic correlates of releases from both incarceration and community supervision that highlight a diverse array of difficulties for offenders returning to their home community. The results of this study underscore the often-difficult transitions facing reentering offenders and support policy implications for those who oversee reentry processes.
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Ham, Carolyn R., Xinyao deGrauw, and Scott Dorsey. "WHAT CAN COUNTY-LEVEL EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES DATA TEACH PUBLIC HEALTH ABOUT OLDER ADULT FALLS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S500—S501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1852.
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Abstract Fall-related injuries in older adults contribute to an increasing number of deaths, hospitalizations and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) responses. In Snohomish County, the third largest county in Washington State, EMS agencies with electronic health records cover 96% of the county’s population. This EMS data contains unique information on falls, which can estimate costs and clarify intervention priorities. We analyzed 2018 data from EMS in Snohomish County. Fall incidents were summarized by count, frequency, and rate per 1,000 population. Costs for transferring patients to emergency departments (ED) were estimated using 2015 Snohomish Community Paramedic Analysis, and direct medical costs averted by implementing a single intervention were estimated based on prior research by Stevens and Lee (2018). There were total 38,910 incidents in older adults, of those 4,777 incidents were caused by falls (1606 in males and 2906 in females). The mean age (SD) was 81.0 (±8.9). The incidence rate was 45.6 per 1000 (55.8 in females and 30.6 in males). There were 573 repeated falls (12%). Most of the falls happened at home (54.85%), followed by assisted living and nursing homes (27.84%). 85.53% of the falls were transferred to ED, at an estimated cost of 3.15 million dollars. We calculated that one million dollars in medical cost could be averted by implementing home modifications delivered by an occupational therapist (OT). This research demonstrates the utility of EMS data for describing fall injury and determining interventions. Fall prevention programs should focus on preventing repeated falls and addressing home safety risks.
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Gogia, Kriti, Alyssa Elman, Sunday Clark, Page Ulrey, Marie-Therese Connolly, Elizabeth Bloemen, Billie Johnsson, and Tony Rosen. "Prosecution of Elder Neglect: A Close Examination of Cases From King County, Washington." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.067.
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Abstract Elder neglect is common and can have catastrophic consequences. Cases may benefit from integrated responses from multiple sectors. Little research exists describing prosecutorial involvement and its impact, but existing evidence suggests neglect is seldom criminally prosecuted. Our goal was to closely examine neglect prosecution in a jurisdiction that has been a leader in using prosecution to attempt to address it. We quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed legal case files of felony elder neglect prosecuted in King County, Washington from 2008-2011. 13 cases were prosecuted, with a total of 10 victims. 90% of victims were female, with a median age of 88. 90% were unable to ambulate, and 90% had dementia. Defendants were commonly the victim’s adult child (38%). 23% had previous criminal citations/convictions. 46% of cases occurred in an Adult Family Home. 15% of cases went to trial, and all trial cases ended in conviction of some charge. Themes identified included: (1) perpetrators were either professional caregivers receiving compensation or non-professional caregivers financially dependent on the victim, (2) victims were malnourished and severely injured at time of reporting, and (3) medical expert contribution is imperative given complexity of these cases. Victims were unable to participate in prosecution in any case. This research shows that these cases are seldom prosecuted, even in a jurisdiction focusing on this phenomenon, but highlights characteristics of cases and demonstrates they may be prosecuted without victim participation. Future research is needed to examine prosecution’s impact on elder neglect to better understand how it may be optimally used.
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Huang, Deborah L., Dori E. Rosenberg, Shannon D. Simonovich, and Basia Belza. "Food Access Patterns and Barriers among Midlife and Older Adults with Mobility Disabilities." Journal of Aging Research 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/231489.
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We examined where midlife and older adults with a mobility disability accessed food outside the home in King County, Washington, USA, how they travelled to these food destinations, and facilitators and barriers to food access using qualitative interviews. Thirty-five adults aged ≥50 years with a mobility disability (defined as use of an assistive device for mobility) were interviewed. Supplemental objective information was obtained from a Global Positioning System device worn by participants for 3 days. Participants primarily accessed food at grocery stores, restaurants, and coffee shops/cafés. The most common transportation modes were walking, obtaining a ride from friends, motorized chair/scooter, and public transit. Location and proximity of food destinations were factors affecting participants’ ability to access these destinations. Adequate space, ease of entry, available amenities such as restrooms, and helpful people were facilitators for participants to access food outside the home.
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Verkade, Stephehs D., and Arlene Marturano. "Conception and Development of the Carolina Children's Garden." HortScience 33, no. 4 (July 1998): 593f—594. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.593f.
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The Clemson University Sandhill Research and Education Center is one of four branch stations of the South Carolina Agriculture and Forestry Research System, with a mission to conduct research and extension education programs in urban ecology. The Carolina Children's Garden has been created in partnership with other state agencies, funding sources, and volunteers as a site for environmental education. Learning from gardens and landscapes has steadily decreased since the late 1940s and today the average child spends 6 hours at indoor pursuits at school, an equal number at the television or computer screen at home, leaving little time for outdoor exploration. Recently, children's gardens have been established around the county as resources to reconnect children with their environment. The 2-acre Carolina Children's Garden is an interpretive framework for visitors to experience gardening as a tool for bringing families in touch with nature, each other, and local environmental issues. A volunteer team designed and installed eight theme gardens, an entertainment stage, and picnic area as the first phase of this garden. Themes include Mesozoic Memories Dinosaur Garden, Three Bears Garden, Growing Healthy Garden, Butterfly Garden, McGregor's Garden, and Alphabet Garden. The development of the garden has generated community interest and positive media exposure, inspires lifelong appreciation of the natural environment, encourages replication of ideas, and facilitates family recreation in a learning environment.
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Mahoney, Richard. "Archaeological Survey for the Proposed St. Peter-St. Joseph Children's Home Expansion, City of San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas." Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State 2004, no. 1 (2004): Article 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21112/ita.2004.1.4.
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Terzian, Sevan G. "“Subtle, vicious effects”: Lillian Steele Proctor's Pioneering Investigation of Gifted African American Children in Washington, DC." History of Education Quarterly 61, no. 3 (August 2021): 351–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/heq.2021.22.
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AbstractThis essay examines the first detailed study of gifted African American youth: Lillian Steele Proctor's master's thesis from the late 1920s on Black children in Washington, DC. Unlike formative research on gifted children by educational psychologists, Proctor's investigation emphasized children's experiences at school, home, and community in determining their abilities, opportunities, and accomplishments. Proctor's work also anticipated African American intellectuals’ critiques of racist claims about intelligence and giftedness that would flourish in the 1930s. In focusing on the nation's capital, her investigation drew from a municipality with a high proportion of African American residents that was segregated by law. Proctor pointed directly to systemic racism as both contributing to the relative invisibility of gifted African American youth and in thwarting opportunities to realize their intellectual potential. In an environment of racial subordination and segregation, these gifted children found themselves excluded from cultural resources and educational opportunities.
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Stergachis, Andy, Lisa Garberson, Onora Lien, Luann D'Ambrosio, Laura Sangaré, and Cynthia Dold. "Health Care Workers' Ability and Willingness to Report to Work During Public Health Emergencies." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 5, no. 4 (December 2011): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/dmp.2011.77.
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ABSTRACTObjectives: We conducted a county-wide survey to assess the ability and willingness of health care workers to report to work during a pandemic influenza and a severe earthquake and to identify barriers and strategies that would help them report to work.Methods: A stratified random sample of 9211 health care workers was selected from the Washington state licensure database and from health care agencies. We assessed correlates between self-reported ability and willingness to report to work and demographic and employer-related variables under two scenarios, influenza pandemic and a severe earthquake.Results: For the influenza pandemic scenario, 95% of respondents reported that they would be able and 89% reported that they would be willing to report to their usual place of work. Seventy-four percent of respondents reported that they would be able and 88% would be willing to report to their usual place of work following a severe earthquake. The most frequently cited strategies that would help respondents report to work during an influenza pandemic were the availability of anti-viral influenza treatment and the ability to work from home. For persons with children at home, the strategy to increase ability to report to work during an earthquake was the availability of child care.Conclusions: The majority of the King County health care workforce is willing and able to respond to an influenza pandemic or a severe earthquake.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:300–308)
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Guo, Yuqing, Julie Rousseau, Miriam Bender, Jung-Ah Lee, Pamela Pimentel, Yvette Bojorquez, Michele Silva, and Ellen Olshansky. "A Program Model Describing a Community-Based Mother and Infant Health Program." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 33, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.33.1.39.
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Background and Purpose:The objective of this study was to formulate a MOMS Orange County program model to describe the components and function of a successful community-based maternal and infant health program.Methods:A logic framework was used to guide the development of the MOMS program model. Twenty-five MOMS staff members were interviewed; MOMS documents and existing research literature were reviewed. Content analyses were used to identify themes of interviews and the review guide was used to summarize the documents.Results:The key components of the MOMS program were identified to formulate a narrative and graphic model. The main elements of this model included: target population (underserved women who have low socioeconomic status and have limited access to healthcare in Orange County); theoretical assumptions (social determinants of health, human ecology, self-efficacy); goals (empower women, enhance health of infants, strengthen families); inputs (funded by public and private sources; 50 staff members); activities (care-coordination home visitation community-center group health education); outputs (the number of home visitations, referrals to medical and/or psychological services, and group health education classes); and outcomes (short-term: healthy pregnancy, birth outcomes, family support; medium-term: postpartum well-being, infant development, family functioning; long-term: women's well-being, children's development, family relationships. Future research should test how this model functions to empirically improve maternal, newborn, child, and family health.Implications for Practice:The MOMS program provides a new approach to community-based maternal and infant health interventions focusing on health promotion and disease prevention for underserved families in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities.
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Kaptich, Petrolina, Henry Kiptiony Kiplangat, and Jennifer Munyua. "Monitoring Pupils’ Academic Performance at Home through Parental Participation in Educational Activities: Focus on Public Primary Schools in Ainabkoi Sub-County." IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies 15, no. 2 (May 20, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v15.n2.p2.
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<p>Poor performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education Examinations has often been attributed to a lack of parental participation in children’s academics. The claim that parents are not supportive of their children, especially at home, therefore holds water as researchers have established that parent involvement with their children's homework could have an influence on their academic performance. This paper draws our attention to a study conducted to investigate the influence of parental involvement in school work on pupils’ academic performance in public primary schools in Ainabkoi Sub County, Kenya. Joyce Epstein’s framework of six types of parent involvement guided the study adopting the ex-post facto research design. Targeting 2404 Class 8 pupils and 61 class teachers in Ainabkoi Sub County, the authors drew a sample of 331 class eight pupils through stratified simple random sampling while census approach was employed to involve all the class teachers in the selected schools. The modes of data collection used were questionnaire and interview schedule whose validity was ensured through pilot study and reliability by test-retest technique. Quantitative data was then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in the form of percentages, means and chi-square, to test the study hypothesis. It was found out that parental participation in educational activities at home (X<sup>2</sup>=8.196; p=0.017) had a positive and significant influence on academic performance in public primary schools. Qualitative data was presented thematically. The study recommends that parents should provide their children with the required learning materials, such as supplementary reading complements to improve their academic performance.</p>
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Chyjek, Kathy, Suzanne van Meer, and Lewis L. Hsu. "Disparities In Pulmonary Complications of Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 2645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.2645.2645.
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Abstract Abstract 2645 RATIONALE: Pulmonary complications are of particular importance in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) as they are commonly associated with high morbidity and mortality. Research suggests that children with both SCD and asthma have higher morbidity as measured by more frequent hospitalizations for vaso-occlusive crises and acute chest syndrome episodes, and as much as double the risk of mortality when compared to pediatric SCD patients without asthma. Therefore, the diagnosis of reactive airway disease in pediatric SCD patients is clearly a poor prognostic factor. However, it is currently not known whether there is any degree of modifiable risk associated with aggressive empirical treatment of asthma in the pediatric SCD population. Although SCD disproportionately affects people of African and Latino ancestry, there is no clear linkage of SCD with socioeconomic status. HYPOTHESIS: Low socioeconomic status, as determined by zip code distribution in the Washington Metropolitan Area, correlates with higher rates of acute pulmonary complications in pediatric SCD patients as it does in asthmatic children without SCD. Methods: A five-year retrospective chart review examined the records of 400 children randomly sampled from the 950 SCD patients seen at Children's National Medical Center in the past two years. Information extracted from the electronic medical record (Cerner PowerChart system) included hematological, pulmonary as well as demographic patient information. Patients with insufficient data because of young age or care at other hospitals were excluded. Median household incomes from 2008 were linked to zip codes in various regions of the Washington Metropolitan Area and results were then analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods. Asthma data was obtained from DC Burden of Asthma 2009 project. The Mann Whitney U test was used to test for differences in the properties between pediatric SCD patients with a diagnosis of reactive airway disease versus those without a diagnosis of reactive airway disease. Findings associated with a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Among the 400 pediatric SCD patients analyzed, there was a strong inverse relationship between socioeconomic status and the rate of acute chest syndrome episodes (mean number of episodes per patient per year). The rate of acute chest syndrome episodes was 0.20 for all of Washington DC (n=56), 0.15 for Prince George's County (n=147), 0.10 for Montgomery County (n=81), and 0.04 for Fairfax County (n=33), which had median household incomes of $58k, $72k, $94k, and $107k, respectively. Pediatric asthma diagnoses and need for pediatric asthma care showed similar distribution: Washington DC regions with the lowest income, such as Ward 8, had the highest rates of Emergency Department visits for asthma care. Acute chest syndrome episodes were also significantly more prevalent in children diagnosed with asthma, 18.75% of the total sample, as compared to those with no history of asthma (p < 0.05). Overall, pediatric SCD patients with reactive airway disease had a rate of 0.30 acute chest syndrome episodes per patient per year, while those without reactive airway disease had a rate of 0.16 episodes. The data suggest that the strongest association between asthma and sickle cell acute chest syndrome episodes for the Metropolitan Area is amongst residents of DC and Prince George's County; both of which were in the lowest range of median household incomes of the regions studied. Ward 8 had the highest disparity between the rates of acute chest syndrome episodes in patients with reactive airway disease (0.66) and those without reactive airway disease (0.16), a 4-fold difference; again, Ward 8 represents the lowest median household income in Washington DC ($26k). Discussion: Socioeconomic status as marked by geographical distribution appears to be a strong source of diversity in pulmonary complications of pediatric SCD patients in the Washington Metropolitan Area. Low-income areas have higher rates of asthma and also as much as 5-fold higher rates of sickle cell acute chest syndrome, compared to higher-income areas. Children with an asthma diagnosis had 2-fold higher rates of acute chest syndrome overall, but 4-fold higher in low income areas such as Ward 8. These data are subject to the limitations of a retrospective chart review, but the results set the stage for future prospective studies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Chang, Shenglin. "Asian and Latino Immigrants' Preferences for Walkable Sub-Urban Neighborhoods." Open House International 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2009-b0003.
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When immigrants arrive in the United States, their search for a new home represents a transformative personal and cultural journey. This paper investigates this transformative process in relation to Smart Growth principles around walk-ability promoted by a suburban county in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. This survey of immigrants from various countries in Asia and Latin America, finds that seventy percent of those who emigrated from urban environments prefer to live in single-family detached houses. Survey participants from Latin American countries prefer these homes in compact urban locations more than Asian immigrants and native-born Americans, while Asians prefer suburban neighborhoods with pedestrian amenities. Their preferences represent a hybrid version of the American dream which combines both the urban and suburban imaginary, or what this article terms “sub-urban” preferences. This study emphasizes that walkability is critical to immigrant sub-urban preferences and ought to influence the way professionals design and plan neighborhoods and housing.
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Monsivais, Pablo, and Donna B. Johnson. "Improving nutrition in home child care: are food costs a barrier?" Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 2 (September 29, 2011): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011002382.
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AbstractObjectiveChild-care providers have a key role to play in promoting child nutrition, but the higher cost of nutritious foods may pose a barrier. The present study tested the hypothesis that higher nutritional quality of foods served was associated with higher food expenditures in child care homes participating in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP).DesignIn this cross-sectional study, nutritional quality of foods served to children and food expenditures were analysed based on 5 d menus and food shopping receipts. Nutritional quality was based on servings of whole grains, fresh whole fruits and vegetables, energy density (kJ/g) and mean nutrient adequacy (mean percentage of dietary reference intake) for seven nutrients of concern for child health. Food expenditures were calculated by linking receipt and menu data. Associations between food expenditures and menu quality were examined using bivariate statistics and multiple linear regression models.SettingUSA in 2008–2009.SubjectsSixty child-care providers participating in CACFP in King County, Washington State.ResultsIn bivariate analyses, higher daily food expenditures were associated with higher total food energy and higher nutritional quality of menus. Controlling for energy and other covariates, higher food expenditures were strongly and positively associated with number of portions of whole grains and fresh produce served (P = 0·001 and 0·005, respectively), with lower energy density and with higher mean nutrient adequacy of menus overall (P = 0·003 and 0·032, respectively).ConclusionsThe results indicate that improving the nutritional quality of foods in child care may require higher food spending.
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Moloney, Kathleen, Julio A. Lamprea Montealegre, Tania M. Busch Isaksen, Mallory Kennedy, Megan Archer, Carlos Contreras, Daaniya Iyaz, Juliette Randazza, Javier Silva, and Nicole A. Errett. "Assessing community-level impacts of and responses to stay at home orders: The King County COVID-19 community study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 2 (February 8, 2024): e0296851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296851.
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Background At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) of unprecedented scope and duration were implemented to limit community spread of COVID-19. There remains limited evidence about how these measures impacted the lived experience of affected communities. This study captured the early impacts and coping strategies implemented in King County, Washington, one of the first U.S. communities impacted by COVID-19. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey of 793 English- and Spanish-speaking adult King County residents from March 18, 2020 –May 30, 2020, using voluntary response sampling. The survey included close- and open-ended questions on participant demographics, wellbeing, protective actions, and COVID-19-related concerns, including a freeform narrative response to describe the pandemic’s individual-, family- and community-level impacts and associated coping strategies. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze close-ended questions, and qualitative content analysis methods were used to analyze free-form narrative responses. Results The median age of participants was 45 years old, and 74% were female, 82% were White, and 6% were Hispanic/Latinx; 474 (60%) provided a qualitative narrative. Quantitative findings demonstrated that higher percentages of participants engaged in most types of COVID-19 protective behaviors after the stay-at-home order was implemented and schools and community spaces were closed, relative to before, and that participants tended to report greater concern about the pandemic’s physical health or healthcare access impacts than the financial or social impacts. Qualitative data analysis described employment or financial impacts (56%) and vitality coping strategies (65%), intended to support health or positive functioning. Conclusions This study documented early impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the NPIs implemented in response, as well as strategies employed to cope with those impacts, which can inform early-stage policy formation and intervention strategies to mitigate the negative impacts. Future research should explore the endurance and evolution of the early impacts and coping strategies throughout the multiyear pandemic.
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West, Rebecca L., Judy Margo, Jeff Brown, Amy Dowley, and Susan Haas. "Convergence of Service Providers and Managers’ Perspectives on Strengths, Gaps, and Priorities for Rural Health System Redesign: A Whole-Systems Qualitative Study in Washington County, Maine." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 13 (January 2022): 215013192211020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501319221102041.
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Introduction: Both rural residents and state government leaders describe a need to redesign rural health care systems. Community members should be at the center of this effort. Methods: We conducted 46 in-depth interviews of direct service providers between September and November 2020 in Washington County, Maine. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Existing strengths included collaboration between government and health systems, and community-based services. Gaps included insufficient workforce, restricted scope of licensing and poor reimbursement, lack of coordination between health systems, and limited paramedicine capacity. Strategies for health system redesign included addressing maldistribution of services and resource optimization, changing federal and state legislation around insurance and scope of practice, and moving toward value-based purchasing models. Conclusions: Participants provided pragmatic recommendations based on their deep understanding of the community context. Lessons learned are likely to be salient in areas with similar profiles regarding rurality and poverty.
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Oluoch, Fredrick O., Daniel Mokaya, and Daniel Sagwe. "Socio-Economic Factors Associated with Anaemia Management among Children under Five in Kisumu County Hospital, Kenya." East African Journal of Health and Science 5, no. 1 (May 10, 2022): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajhs.5.1.654.
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Background: High burden of anaemia due to high prevalence and its impacts in children's health especially in growth and development especially, makes anaemia an important public health concern. The difficulty in implementing effective measures for controlling anaemia remains a concern, World Health Organization (WHO) is implementing new strategies for the integrated management of the sick child in the primary care set ups, these includes algorithms based on clinical signs observed by health care workers. We aimed to assess the healthcare-seeking behaviour, economic, and social factors affecting anaemia management among caregivers of sick children who had severe anaemia and are five years and below in Western Kenya. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Systematic random sampling was used in selection of study subjects. Data on factors associated with anaemia management in Kisumu County hospitals was collected using a structured questionnaire and clinician desk review charts. Association of factors measured using a Chi-Square test of association and odds ratio used for likelihood tests. Results: Results revealed that Anaemia factors, Number of children <5 years of age, and type of food were major determinants for anaemia management. Children fed on non-rich iron foods were less likely to practice good anaemia management as compared to those who eat iron-rich food and prone to increase likelihood of developing anaemia. Conclusions: Anaemia management in Kisumu County Hospital is satisfactory. However, there is a need to address finding gaps and as well conduct further studies on home and hospital management outcomes to inform policy.
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BENNETT, ROBB, CLAUDIA COPLEY, and DARREN COPLEY. "Pseudocybaeota (Araneae: Cybaeidae): a new spider genus endemic to coastal Pacific Northwestern United States of America." Zootaxa 5169, no. 6 (August 3, 2022): 563–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.6.3.
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The forested habitats of the west coast of North America are home to a diverse array of endemic Cybaeinae spider taxa (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae). Most of those taxa have very restricted distributions within an area of the western United States of America from the Olympic Peninsula of northwestern Washington to the northern half of the Californian Floristic Province of California, a well-known biodiversity hotspot. Here we describe Pseudocybaeota Bennett gen. nov. with type species Cybaeus perditus Chamberlin & Ivie (= Pseudocybaeota perdita (Chamberlin & Ivie) comb. nov.) and including two new species, P. butterfieldi Bennett spec. nov. and P. tuberculata Bennett spec. nov. These rarely collected species are restricted to forested habitats in small areas of the coastal watersheds of the Olympic Peninsula (P. perdita comb. nov.), southern Curry and adjacent northern Del Norte Counties in Oregon and California, respectively (P. tuberculata spec. nov.), and Humboldt County in northwestern California (P. butterfieldi spec. nov.). In addition to descriptions of the genus and both sexes of its included species we provide diagnoses, illustrations, an identification key, and distribution maps for the species of this distinctive new genus.
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Finley, Susan, and Morgan A. Parker. "Children Talk to Charles Dickens about Their Own “Hard Times”." International Review of Qualitative Research 4, no. 4 (February 2011): 403–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2011.4.4.403.
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The focus of this research narrative is children's perceptions of social class and their experiences of poverty as a social identity. Participatory action research that includes narrative reflection is demonstrated for its capacity and potential as a source of agency that may contribute to youths' academic, social, and political emancipation. In this research we analyze perceptions and attitudes about social class as these perceptions and attitudes are expressed by a group of children who are economically poor and who reside in an urban area in the Pacific Northwest. Our purpose has been to engage our students in a transformative educational process, with the further intention of deepening students' understandings of their own power to act in the world, or to “write their own futures” This readers' theater narrative has been scripted from personal, cultural texts that the co-authors (Susan and Morgan) selected from young people's writing in response to reading Charles Dickens' Hard Times and other period literature. The research takes place in the context of the At Home At School (AHAS) program at Washington State University Vancouver, directed by Susan Finley and where Morgan Parker is an undergraduate research assistant.
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Henry, Beverly W., Thomas J. Smith, and Saadia Ahmad. "Psychometric assessment of the Behavior and Attitudes Questionnaire for Healthy Habits: measuring parents’ views on food and physical activity." Public Health Nutrition 17, no. 5 (January 18, 2013): 1004–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001200554x.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess parents’ perspectives of their home environments to establish the validity of scores from the Behavior and Attitudes Questionnaire for Healthy Habits (BAQ-HH).DesignIn the present descriptive study, we surveyed a cross-sectional sample of parents of pre-school children. Questionnaire items developed in an iterative process with community-based programming addressed parents’ knowledge/awareness, attitudes/concerns and behaviours about healthy foods and physical activity habits with 6-point rating scales. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to psychometrically evaluate scores from the scales.SettingEnglish and Spanish versions of the BAQ-HH were administered at parent–teacher conferences for pre-school children at ten Head Start centres across a five-county agency in autumn 2010.SubjectsFrom 672 families with pre-school children, 532 parents provided responses to the BAQ-HH (79 % response rate). The majority was female (83 %), Hispanic (66 %) or white (16 %), and ages ranged from 20 to 39 years (85 %).ResultsExploratory and confirmatory analyses revealed a knowledge scale (seven items), an attitude scale (four items) and three behaviour subscales (three items each). Correlations were identified between parents’ perceptions of home activities and reports of children's habits. Differences were identified by gender and ethnicity groupings.ConclusionsAs a first step in psychometric testing, the dimensionality of each of the three scales (Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours) was identified and scale scores were related to other indicators of child behaviours and parents’ demographic characteristics. This questionnaire offers a method to measure parents’ views to inform planning and monitoring of obesity-prevention education programmes.
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Oniang'o, Ruth. "Drought in the United States of America: How does it affect Africa." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 12, no. 5 (August 3, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.53.ed046.
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Those of us who have spent time in the USA either going to school, visiting or living there have been aware of the special attribute of this country of being able to feed its citizens. Something else we know is that America is very generous with their food and Americans are always ready to invite you to their home for a generous meal. America is the biggest contributor to emergency food aid worldwide and Africa, including my own county of Kenya, is a major beneficiary of this food aid. I have spent the better part of my life concerned about hunger and malnutrition issues in Africa, and whenever I get a chance, I appeal to African governments to prioritize agriculture and food security and nutrition concerns. As I have said before, governance and food security go hand in hand. We need to get our priorities right. As I write this editorial, I am in the USA, and have experienced heat in Washington DC above 100 degrees Celcius, that I have not felt anywhere in a long time. Food prices have not yet been affected, not yet, but as the drought continues to be felt across the country, there is no doubt negative impact will result in hiked food prices.
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Perlis, Roy H., Kristin Lunz Trujillo, Alauna Safarpour, Alexi Quintana, Matthew D. Simonson, Jasper Perlis, Mauricio Santillana, et al. "Community Mobility and Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 9 (September 27, 2023): e2334945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34945.
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ImportanceMarked elevation in levels of depressive symptoms compared with historical norms have been described during the COVID-19 pandemic, and understanding the extent to which these are associated with diminished in-person social interaction could inform public health planning for future pandemics or other disasters.ObjectiveTo describe the association between living in a US county with diminished mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic and self-reported depressive symptoms, while accounting for potential local and state-level confounding factors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis survey study used 18 waves of a nonprobability internet survey conducted in the United States between May 2020 and April 2022. Participants included respondents who were 18 years and older and lived in 1 of the 50 US states or Washington DC.Main Outcome and MeasureDepressive symptoms measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); county-level community mobility estimates from mobile apps; COVID-19 policies at the US state level from the Oxford stringency index.ResultsThe 192 271 survey respondents had a mean (SD) of age 43.1 (16.5) years, and 768 (0.4%) were American Indian or Alaska Native individuals, 11 448 (6.0%) were Asian individuals, 20 277 (10.5%) were Black individuals, 15 036 (7.8%) were Hispanic individuals, 1975 (1.0%) were Pacific Islander individuals, 138 702 (72.1%) were White individuals, and 4065 (2.1%) were individuals of another race. Additionally, 126 381 respondents (65.7%) identified as female and 65 890 (34.3%) as male. Mean (SD) depression severity by PHQ-9 was 7.2 (6.8). In a mixed-effects linear regression model, the mean county-level proportion of individuals not leaving home was associated with a greater level of depression symptoms (β, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.57-3.58) after adjustment for individual sociodemographic features. Results were similar after the inclusion in regression models of local COVID-19 activity, weather, and county-level economic features, and persisted after widespread availability of COVID-19 vaccination. They were attenuated by the inclusion of state-level pandemic restrictions. Two restrictions, mandatory mask-wearing in public (β, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.15-0.30) and policies cancelling public events (β, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.22-0.51), demonstrated modest independent associations with depressive symptom severity.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, depressive symptoms were greater in locales and times with diminished community mobility. Strategies to understand the potential public health consequences of pandemic responses are needed.
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McKeirnan, Kimberly, Damianne Brand, Megan Giruzzi, Kavya Vaitla, Nick Giruzzi, Rose Krebill-Prather, and Juliet Dang. "Evaluating Factors That Influence Influenza Vaccination Uptake among Pregnant People in a Medically Underserved Area in Washington State." Vaccines 12, no. 7 (July 13, 2024): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12070768.
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Introduction: Despite substantial evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of influenza vaccines, only 38.6% of the adult United States population received an influenza vaccine during the 2023–2024 flu season. Vaccination rates are typically lower among U.S. minority groups, and in 2022, pregnant persons from U.S. minority racial and ethnic groups showed a decrease in influenza vaccine coverage. Methods: A survey was conducted with residents of Yakima County, Washington, which is home to one of the state’s largest percentages of people who identify as Hispanic or Latino/a. The objective was to evaluate the uptake of influenza vaccine among pregnant persons. Surveys were sent to a random sample of 3000 residential mailing addresses. Of the 500 respondents, 244 (52.1%) reported that they had been pregnant, with those identifying as Hispanic or Latino/a constituting 23.8% of this total. Only 62 (26.2%) reported being immunized against influenza during pregnancy. Respondents who were immunized against influenza chose to be vaccinated to protect themselves from the flu (85.5%, n = 53); because a healthcare provider recommended getting vaccinated (85.5%, n = 53); to protect the baby from the flu (82.3%, n = 51); because it was available for free or low cost (62.9%, n = 39); and because vaccination was convenient (54.8%, n = 34). Qualitative evaluation identified that participants who were not vaccinated against influenza during pregnancy believed the vaccination was not needed, was not recommended by a healthcare provider, was difficult to access, they were against vaccination in general, or they were concerned about the safety and ingredients of the vaccine. Conclusion: Barriers to vaccination identified in this study included vaccine distrust, lack of awareness, and concerns about vaccine efficacy and safety. Healthcare providers can help address these concerns by providing education and recommendations about the importance of influenza vaccination during pregnancy.
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Witt, Peter D., Jeffrey L. Marsh, Harlan R. Muntz, Lynn Marty-Grames, and Greg P. Watchmaker. "Acute Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Complication of Sphincter Pharyngoplasty." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 33, no. 3 (May 1996): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1996_033_0183_aosaaa_2.3.co_2.
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This report describes postoperative airway compromise following sphincter pharyngoplasty (SP) for treatment of post-palatoplasty velopharyngeal dysfunction. A retrospective review of 58 SPs performed for post-palatoplasty velopharyngeal dysfunction, on 30 male, and 28 female patients, over a 5-year study period was undertaken at a tertiary referral academic institution (Washington University School of Medicine), at the St. Louis Children's Hospital, Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Deformities Institute. Eight patients were identified who had the following inclusion criteria: overt perioperative and/or postoperative airway dysfunction, identifiable syndromes, or microretrognathia. Items reviewed were patient demographic factors, associated medical problems, genetics evaluations, nasendoscopic characteristics of velopharyngeal closure, anesthetic evaluation of the patients, and the incidence and severity of perioperative complications. Particular attention was paid to factors contributing to the airway obstruction. Of the eight subjects with perioperative and/or postoperative upper airway dysfunction following SP, five patients had Pierre Robin sequence/micrognathia, while three patients had a history of perinatal respiratory and/or feeding difficulties without micrognathia or an identified genetic disorder. All but two episodes of airway dysfunction resolved within 3 days postoperatively. These patients were discharged home with apnea monitors; both were readmitted with recurrent airway dysfunction. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was utilized successfully in all instances, and no patients required take-down of the SP to relieve airway dysfunction. CPAP is an effective, noninvasive treatment strategy for management of iatrogenically induced apnea following SP, without sacrificing the surgical benefit of improved speech intelligibility.
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Boschee, Pam. "Comments: Pore Space Leasing: Insights From a Bakken Surface Owner’s Perspective." Journal of Petroleum Technology 76, no. 07 (July 1, 2024): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0724-0008-jpt.
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During a trip to western North Dakota last month to visit my family, I met with a long-time friend, Dick, who holds subsurface mineral rights and surface rights in the Bakken area. Over coffee, German sausage, and kuchen, our conversation naturally turned to the leasing of pore space. Dick has lately been approached by landmen with what they describe as “great deals” for purchasing the underlying pore space associated with his surface rights. They hesitate to provide specific offers. Instead, he described the initial interactions as “like making a deal for a new car or tractor.” The landmen reply, “I’ll need to go back to the client [my boss or manager] with your questions.” Sound familiar? Like most US states, pore space ownership correlates with surface ownership in North Dakota. In August 2022, the North Dakota Supreme Court clarified the rights of surface owners and the need for compensation for pore space use. It also created uncertainty for oil and gas operators who previously had more latitude in using pore space without compensation. Dick knows his way around the dealmaking involved in oil and gas rights leasing, having been involved in many landmen inquiries in the days of the Bakken boom and subsequent wheeling and dealing. However, pore space leasing is relatively nascent and faces similar unknowns like the early days of Bakken pitches. During his research, he came up against the same walls I have over the years while writing about pore space leasing for carbon sequestration. Becoming more apparent as deals gain momentum is the lack of specifics for comparable deals. As when purchasing a home, identifying “comps” for similar properties is a necessary part of the process. But the amounts paid for pore space are closely held, generally not publicly available. It’s impossible to determine if a deal is good or bad. Is the compensation fair? And individual surface owners and landowners rights associations (and/or their attorneys) are aware of the 45Q tax credit of $85/tonne of CO2 captured and stored available to the project developer/operator under the 2022 US Inflation Reduction Act. How should this be factored into the determination of fair compensation? For example, the Ohio River Valley Institute (ORVI), a think tank focused on the Appalachian region, in March described a proposal by Tenaska Inc. to lease underground pore space across seven counties (approximately 80,000 acres) in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia for the sequestering of 150 million tons of CO2. In a document proposing terms for the acquisition of nearly 1,400 acres of pore space in county parklands in Washington County, Pennsylvania, Tenaska offered about $4 million for the county’s 2.6-million-metric-ton share of the CO2 between 2027 and 2056, or about $1.50 per metric ton. The ORVI called the deal “ridiculous and borderline insulting.” It supports this declaration by highlighting a comp available from August 2023. Mountaineer GigaSystem LLC offered the state of West Virginia a royalty of $3.35 per metric ton to sequester CO2 on public land in Mason County—more than two times what Tenaska is offering Washington County. It also made the point that the ultimate cost of capturing and sequestering the CO2 will not be borne by Tenaska or its customers. The 45Q tax credit will provide Tenaska $423 million annually for sequestering 5 million tons of CO2 annually. The region’s lease revenue will be $7.5 million. To align with the available comp, ORVI said Tenaska’s offer should at least match Mountaineer’s $3.35 instead of the proposed $1.50 per metric ton. In the western US, ExxonMobil is seeking to pay the US Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to inject 150 million tons of CO2 over the course of 20 years into 100,000 subsurface acres of pore space on federal lands. The proposed Snowy River CO2 project in Carter County, Montana, is still in the environmental assessment and public comment phase, and the BLM’s compensation for the use of the land is not yet publicly disclosed or finalized. Our takeaway after finishing the sausage and kuchen? As pore space leasing evolves, landowners like Dick face a complex landscape of uncertain deals and opaque compensation. With legal clarifications and potential tax credits in play, navigating these new frontiers requires keen insight and vigilance to ensure fair and beneficial agreements for all involved.
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Brezak, Audrey, Anna Unutzer, James W. Lewis, Shauna Clark, Jessica Ferro, Siri Bliesner, Julie Loughran, et al. "188. Visualizing the Impact of a Wedding Leading to COVID-19 Outbreaks in Healthcare Settings, Washington State, July – August 2020." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.188.
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Abstract Background Large social gatherings during the COVID-19 pandemic have been linked to extensive community transmission. Healthcare workers (HCW) that engage in these social gatherings pose a risk to the vulnerable patients they serve. Public Health—Seattle & King County identified a COVID-19 outbreak associated with a wedding in July 2020 when the 14-day incidence rate was 105 cases per 100,000 residents. HCW who attended the wedding were subsequently linked to 45 outbreaks in healthcare settings across three counties in the next month. Methods COVID-19 case interview data was used to identify HCW cases who reported the wedding as their exposure event. The Washington Disease Reporting System (WDRS), the state database in which COVID-19 cases and epi-linkages are tracked, was queried to identify healthcare outbreaks linked to the HCW wedding-attendee cases and the HCW that they infected. NodeXL was used to visualize the resulting chains of wedding-associated healthcare transmission using a Harel-Koren Fast Multiscale layout where the network visualization’s directed arrows represent putative links and direction of transmission. Numbers of associated settings, cases, and deaths were calculated. Results Seven HCW wedding attendees were linked to outbreaks in healthcare facilities that they worked at while infectious; HCWs linked to as many as six subsequent healthcare outbreaks. In total, the wedding was connected to 45 healthcare facilities: adult family homes (N=1), hospitals (N=1), supported living agencies (N=7) and associated group homes (N=38), assisted living (N=1), home health services (N=1), behavioral health (N=2), and rehab centers (N=1). Across the settings, 277 cases were identified, including 15 deaths. Conclusion A series of COVID-19 healthcare outbreaks was traced back to a wedding. Cases worked in multiple homes, agencies, and other healthcare settings which likely facilitated rapid and wide transmission; the structure of these healthcare settings often do not facilitate a single job providing enough hours and income to support an individual. In terms of public health learnings, addressing these outbreaks require effective contact tracing, multijurisdictional coordination, and for supported living, interventions need to be applied across households sharing staff. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Szilagyi, Peter G., Jane L. Holl, Lance E. Rodewald, Laura Pollard Shone, Jack Zwanziger, Dana B. Mukamel, Sarah Trafton, Andrew W. Dick, and Richard F. Raubertas. "Evaluation of Children's Health Insurance: From New York State's Child Health Plus to SCHIP." Pediatrics 105, Supplement_E1 (March 1, 2000): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.105.se1.687.
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Background. The legislation and funding of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) in 1997 resulted in the largest public investment in child health care in 30 years. The program was designed to provide health insurance for the estimated 11 million uninsured children in the United States. In 1991 New York State implemented a state-funded program—Child Health Plus (CHPlus)—intended to provide health insurance for uninsured children who were ineligible for Medicaid. The program became one of the prototypes for SCHIP. This study was designed to measure the association between CHPlus and access to care, utilization of care, quality of care, and health care costs to understand the potential impact of one type of prototype SCHIP program. Methods. The study took place in the 6-county region of upstate New York around and including the city of Rochester. A before-and-during design was used to compare children's health care for the year before they enrolled in CHPlus versus the first year during enrollment in CHPlus. The study included 1828 children (ages 0–6.99 years at enrollment) who enrolled between November 1, 1991 and August 1, 1993. A substudy involved 187 children 2 to 12.99 years old who had asthma. Data collection involved: 1) interviews of parents to obtain information about demographics, sources of health care, experience and satisfaction with CHPlus, and perceived impact of CHPlus; 2) medical chart reviews at all primary care offices, emergency departments, and health department clinics in the 6-county region to measure utilization of health services; 3) claims analysis to assess costs of care during CHPlus and to impute costs before CHPlus; and 4) analyses of existing datasets including the Current Population Survey, National Health Interview Survey, and statewide hospitalization datasets to anchor the study in relation to the statewide CHPlus population and to assess secular trends in child health care. Logistic regression and Poisson regression were used to compare the means of dependent measures with and without CHPlus coverage, while controlling for age, prior insurance type, and gap in insurance coverage before CHPlus. Results. Enrollment: Only one third of CHPlus-eligible children throughout New York State had enrolled in the program by 1993. Lower enrollment rates occurred among Hispanic and black children than among white children, and among children from lowest income levels. Profile of CHPlus Enrollees: Most enrollees were either previously uninsured, had Medicaid but were no longer eligible, or had parents who either lost a job and related private insurance coverage or could no longer afford commercial or private insurance. Most families heard about CHPlus from a friend, physician, or insurer. Television, radio, and newspaper advertisements were not major sources of information. Nearly all families had at least 1 employed parent. Two thirds of the children resided in 2-parent households. Parents reported that most children were in excellent or good health and only a few were in poor health. The enrolled population was thus a relatively low-risk, generally healthy group of children in low-income, working families. Access and Utilization of Health Care: Utilization of primary care increased dramatically after enrollment in CHPlus, compared with before CHPlus. Visits to primary care medical homes for preventive, acute, and chronic care increased markedly. Visits to medical homes also increased for children with asthma. There was, however, no significant association between enrollment in CHPlus and changes in utilization of emergency departments, specialty services, or inpatient care. Quality of Care: CHPlus was associated with improvements in many measures involving quality of primary care, including preventive visits, immunization rates, use of the medical home for health care, compliance with preventive guidelines, and parent-reported health status of the child. For children with asthma, CHPlus was associated with improvements in several indicators of quality of care such as asthma tune-up visits, parental perception of asthma severity, and parent-reported quality of asthma care. Health Care Costs: Enrollment in CHPlus was associated with modest additional health care expenditures in the short term—$71.85 per child per year—primarily for preventive and acute care services delivered in primary care settings. Conclusions. Overall, children benefited substantially from enrollment in CHPlus. For a modest short-term cost, children experienced improved access to primary care, which translated into improved utilization of primary care and use of medical homes. Children also received higher quality of health care, and parents perceived these improvements to be very important. Nevertheless, CHPlus was not associated with ideal quality of care, as evidenced by suboptimal immunization rates and receipt of preventive or asthma care even during CHPlus coverage. Thus, interventions beyond health insurance are needed to achieve optimal quality of health care. This study implemented methods to evaluate the association between enrollment in a health insurance program and children's health care. These methods may be useful for additional evaluations of SCHIP. Implications: Based on this study of the CHPlus experience, it appears that millions of uninsured children in the United States will benefit substantially from SCHIP programs.
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Amos, Hannah, BeiLi Chng, Alexandra Kazaks, Terri Stilson, and Maribeth Evezich. "Barriers to Long-Term Maintenance of a Gluten-Free Diet in People With Celiac Disease." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab051_002.
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Abstract Objectives Currently the only treatment for celiac disease (CD), an autoimmune disease triggered by ingestion of the protein gluten, is a gluten-free (GF) diet. This study aimed to examine some barriers (GF food accessibility, social support, GF food knowledge) to maintaining a GF diet. Methods A deidentified online survey with REDCap was shared with people with celiac disease via social media (celiac disease group and research survey exchange group via Reddit, research survey exchange groups via Facebook, celiac disease Discord server). The survey included questions about diagnosis, symptoms, social support, eating habits, GF food access, disease impact, gluten-free knowledge, and demographics. Analysis included descriptive statistics and qualitative measures were used to determine themes. Results Of the 123 responses, 54.5% were diagnosed with CD by small intestine biopsy, 85.1% maintained a GF diet, and 35.2% had CD symptoms for 1–4 years before receiving a diagnosis. Concerning accessibility, 47.9% reported having some difficulty affording GF foods and 49.2% that local grocery stores had limited selection of GF foods. An analysis of GF bread cost in one Washington State county showed a mean cost per loaf of $6.52 which was $4.98 higher than the average cost of all bread in the U.S. When it came to checking food labels for gluten, 59% reported feeling very confident and most participants were able to correctly identify foods that may contain gluten; however, less than half (47.5%) identified kamut (a type of wheat) as a gluten containing grain. 46.7% reported feeling that having CD impacts their life daily. The majority (64.2%) of participants stated that family and friends are supportive of needs, and 62.3% also shared that they did not live in a home that was free of gluten. Conclusions The results from this study suggest that there may be several types of barriers to maintaining a GF diet in people with CD. This study aims to bring better awareness of the prevalence of food accessibility, social support, and GF food knowledge barriers to those living with CD, and to the nutrition professionals who provide their healthcare. Funding Sources Bastyr University Faculty Student Research Grant
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Mitkowski, N. A. "First Report of Leaf and Sheath Spot Caused by Rhizoctonia zeae Affecting Panicum tennesseense in Rhode Island." Plant Disease 87, no. 8 (August 2003): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.8.1006c.
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Panicum tennesseense Ashe is a perennial, coarse-textured, cool-season grass (similar in appearance to many warm-seasoned grasses), which grows in the southern coastal areas of New England and is commonly found in home lawns, roadsides, and meadows. In August 2002, a large stand of P. tennesseense with significant leaf spotting was identified in Washington County, RI. Lesions were excised, surface sterilized with 0.6% sodium hypochlorite, and plated on one-half-strength potato dextrose agar (PDA). Cultures were incubated at 25°C, and mycelia quickly covered plates within 3 days. After 2 weeks in darkness, plates were covered with white, aerial mycelium. When placed under near-UV light, no aerial mycelium was produced, and mycelia were a salmon color. After 5 weeks, separate, spherical, 0.5-mm-diameter beige sclerotia were produced submerged throughout the media and turned red within a few days. Sclerotia were not produced in the absence of near-UV light. Spores were not produced, and right-angled branching, characteristic of Rhizoctonia spp., was observed. Monilioid hyphae were also produced in culture. At the optimal growth temperature of 32°C, mycelia grew an average of 33.6 mm/day. Cells were stained using safranin, and the number of nuclei observed within young hyphal cells was five or seven. On the basis of the described mycelial and sclerotial characterisitics, the isolated fungus was identified as Rhizoctonia zeae (1,2). To demonstrate pathogenicity, plugs of isolated fungi were cut from PDA plates, placed on leaf blades at the junction with leaf sheaths, and incubated in a greenhouse humidity chamber at an average temperature of 32°C and 80% humidity. After 3 days, significant disease was observed and included blighting of newly emerged shoots, blighting and spotting on leaf sheaths, and severe spotting on leaf lamina. Whereas Rhizoctonia solani has been reported as a pathogen on P. tennesseense, to our knowledge, this is the first report of R. zeae induced leaf and sheath spot on this host (1). References: (1) H. Couch. Diseases of Turfgrasses. Krieger Publishing Co., Malabar, FL, 1995. (2) B. Sneh et al. Identification of Rhizoctonia species. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. 1991.
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Belza, Caitlyn C., Lucy Sheahan, Jessica Blum, Miriam Becker, Michael Oca, Kelli Lopes, and Amanda A. Gosman. "Geospatial and Socioeconomic Disparities Influencing the Management of Craniosynostosis." Annals of Plastic Surgery 92, no. 5S (May 2024): S345—S351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0000000000003800.
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Background Various social determinants of health have been described as predictors of clinical outcomes for the craniosynostosis population. However, literature lacks a granular depiction of socioeconomic factors that impact these outcomes, and little is known about the relationship between patients' proximity to the care center and management of the condition. Methods/Design This study retrospectively evaluated patients with craniosynostosis who presented to a tertiary children's hospital between 2000 and 2019. Outcomes of interest included age at presentation for surgery, incidence of reoperation, and length of follow-up. Patient addresses were geocoded and plotted on two separate shapefiles containing block group information within San Diego County. The shapefiles included percent parental educational attainment (bachelor's degree or higher) and median household income from 2010. The year 2010 was chosen for the shapefiles because it is the median year of data collection for this study. Multivariate linear, logistic, and polynomial regression models were used to analyze the relationship between geospatial and socioeconomic predictors and clinical outcomes. Results There were 574 patients with craniosynostosis included in this study. The mean ± SD Haversine distance from the patient's home coordinates to the hospital coordinates was 107.2 ± 321.2 miles. After adjusting for the suture fused and insurance coverage, there was a significant positive correlation between distance to the hospital and age at index surgery (P = 0.018). There was no correlation between distance and incidence of reoperation (P = 0.266) or distance and duration of follow-up (P = 0.369). Using the same statistical adjustments, lower parental percent educational attainment and lower median household income correlated with older age at index surgery (P = 0.008 and P = 0.0066, respectively) but were not correlated with reoperation (P = 0.986 and P = 0.813, respectively) or duration of follow-up (P = 0.107 and P = 0.984, respectively). Conclusions The results offer evidence that living a greater distance from the hospital and socioeconomic disparities including parental education and median household income may serve as barriers to prompt recognition of diagnosis and timely care in this population. However, the geospatial and socioeconomic factors studied do not seem to hinder incidence of reoperation or length of follow-up, suggesting that, once care has been initiated, longitudinal outcomes may be less impacted.
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Chang, Wen-Lung, Erdong Wang, Yi-Mei Chen, Xiaolan Ma, Tzu-Yuan Chang, Xiaochan Li, Linli Zhu, et al. "STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REARING STYLE, INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION ABILITY AND EMOTION REGULATION OF JUNIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 25, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2022): A2—A3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac032.002.
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Abstract Background In recent years, china has paid more and more attention to the status and role of parenting style in the whole education system, and clearly proposed to “Give full play to the important role of family education in the growth of teenagers” In the national long-term education reform and development plan (2010-2020). The junior middle school stage is more important in the whole development process of middle school students, and junior middle school students are in puberty. At this stage, their rapid physical development and intense emotional fluctuations are the “Storm” of emotional development. After all, the education of emotional regulation ability infiltrated by school education and teaching in students' mental health education is limited, there is also a lack of corresponding guidance on whether students can master effective methods of emotional regulation, or some schools have not attracted attention. As the first caregiver of children, the influence of parents on students directly determines their relationship with others and their own management. In this special stage of junior middle school, students want to try their best to get rid of the control of their parents and let their parents treat themselves as “Adults”. Parents still treat them as “Children” As always. This huge contradiction determines that the parenting methods and methods of parents in their children's study and life will also have an impact on their children, thus affecting their emotional regulation. Because of these, this study aims to explore the relationship between parenting style, interpersonal skills and emotional regulation of junior middle school students with hearing impairment in southern minority areas. Subjects and Methods 123valid questionnaires were collected from several representative special schools. Taking the hearing impaired junior middle school students in special education schools in southern minority areas such as nanning, guilin, liuzhou and qinzhou as the main research object, the investigation was conducted through online electronic questionnaire. This study draws on the research results of scholars at home and abroad, and based on the existing relevant theories. The chinese version of the emotional regulation scale (revised by ji junmei (2009) and the chinese version of the chinese version of the chinese version of the chinese version of the chinese version of the chinese version of the emotional regulation scale (pbi) (revised by ji junmei (2010) and yang jiamei) 0 for descriptive analysis, analysis of variance and linear regression analysis. Results The rearing style of hearing-impaired junior middle school students tended to be negative. There were significant differences between men and women in father overprotection. The father overprotection of boys was significantly higher than that of girls; there are significant gender differences in interpersonal communication ability in conflict resolution ability, and boys are significantly better than girls in conflict resolution ability; there are significant differences in self disclosure ability in grades, showing an upward phenomenon in grades; the non only child is significantly better than the only child in moderate rejection ability. The emotional support ability of junior middle school students with hearing impairment in interpersonal communication is significantly stronger than that of single parent families. Conclusion There is a significant positive correlation between the rearing style and interpersonal communication ability of hearing impaired students in junior middle school, in which the emotional warmth of the mother is positively correlated with the ability of interpersonal relationship establishment and conflict resolution, and the refusal and overprotection of the mother are positively correlated with the ability of self disclosure. In terms of emotional ability, there is no difference between men and women, but there is a grade difference, and the third grade is significantly higher than the second grade; there is a significant negative correlation between the emotion regulation ability of junior middle school students and parental care. The more parents care for their children, the less their children's bad emotions will be; there is a significant positive correlation between junior middle school students' bad emotions and parental control. The more parents control their children, the higher the children's bad emotions will be. Parental care, parental encouragement and parental control can significantly predict children's emotional regulation ability; parental care and encouraging autonomy were significantly positive predictors, and parental control had a negative predictive effect on emotional regulation. Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the project of Guangxi department of education: Research on the construction of early intervention support system for special children aged 3-6 in Guangxi (No.: 2020KY09008); study on the construction of psychological support system for sibling relationship of special children (No.: 2019KY0420) and general research project of humanities and social sciences of the ministry of education in 2021: Research on the strategy of improving the professional quality of county special education teachers in the western region in the new development stage(No.: 21YJA880046); the project of Guangxi department of education in 2022: Research and practice on the “compound” excellent special education teachers training based on the OBE concept.
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Khan, Hiba, Risa Liang Wong, Burcu Darst, Colin C. Pritchard, Peter Nelson, Janet L. Stanford, Daniel W. Lin, and Heather H. Cheng. "Rates of germline genetic testing and DNA damage response mutations found through population-based recruitment of men with incident metastatic prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 10501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.10501.
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10501 Background: Approximately 10% of men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) have germline DNA damage response gene mutations (gDDRm), indicating candidacy for precision treatment. Consequently, national guidelines recommend germline genetic testing be offered to all men with mPC. It is currently unclear what the rates of testing are in the community, and barriers to testing are not well understood. We conducted a population-based study to better understand current rates of germline genetic testing in men with newly diagnosed mPC, and to determine whether removing major barriers of cost and access could expand uptake of germline genetic testing. Methods: This is a prospective observational study that identifies men ages 35-79y with mPC residing in a 13-county area of Washington State through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program (NCT04254133). Men with new diagnoses of mPC are contacted by mailed invitation and follow-up phone inquiry. Interested men are then invited to provide informed consent and complete a questionnaire about personal and family health history. A saliva collection kit for a 30-gene targeted panel of cancer predisposition genes (Color Genomics) is mailed to participants’ homes free of charge. Results are issued by phone and/or email with genetic counseling support, including discussion about cascade genetic testing if relevant. Results: As of Feb 9, 2022, 484 men with incident mPC diagnosed 1/2018-6/2021 were identified through SEER. 430 men were reached via a letter to their home address sent > 3 months after diagnosis. 175 of 430 (40.6%) men expressed interest and completed the questionnaire, the majority preferring to complete testing through mail after a phone-initiated introduction to the study. 164 of 175 men completed the consent process and were eligible. Of these 164 men, 45 (27.4%) reported prior genetic testing, and reports were requested and reviewed to ensure adequate testing. Ultimately, 121 of 164 (73.8%) participants initiated and 101/121 (83.5%) have completed genetic testing through the study. Nine percent (9/101) of participants completing testing as part of the study were found to have gDDRm. Conclusions: We used a population-based approach to understand the proportion of men with mPC undergoing germline genetic testing through clinical care, and the subsequent uptake of genetic testing when access and cost barriers are removed. The uptake of guideline-based germline genetic testing among men with mPC in the community prior to study enrollment is only 27.4%. With study interventions in the form of free testing through mail, and phone-based support, 83.5% of men in this community successfully completed testing. Further work in this study will aim to elucidate and attempt to eliminate other barriers in germline genetic testing to further improve testing rates in this community.
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Saputri, Wenny Hikmah, and Erna Risnawati. "Preparing for the School Readiness of Early Childhood by Enhancing the Well-Being and Family Support." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 18, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 270–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.181.19.
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School readiness during early childhood establishes the fundamental basis for prospective academic achievement, emphasizing the necessity for a comprehensive preparation that encompasses both mental and physical readiness. The current study examines the impact of child well-being and family support on school readiness among young learners. This Study used a correlational quantitative approach, the research involved 139 children between the ages of 4 and 7, along with their parents and 30 teachers selected through purposive sampling based on their socioeconomic status. The participants included 54.7% boys (n=76) and 45.3% girls (n=63) from families with varying income levels – low-income (25%), middle-income (29%), and upper-middle-income (46%). The results of the regression analysis indicated that both family support and child well-being have a significant influence on children's school readiness. Particularly, there is a notable positive association among all factors, a correlation between school readiness and child well-being at 42% (r = 0.420, p < 0.001), highlighting that higher levels of child well-being are linked to increased school readiness. Furthermore, family support exhibits a positive contribution to school readiness at 37% (r = 0.370, p < 0.001). The findings suggest that preparing children for school should extend beyond academic and motor skills development to include substantial psychological support, thus enhancing their ability to thrive in an academic environment. Keywords: early childhood, Emotion, Emotion regulation, parenting, happiness References: Atkins, R., Deatrick, J. A., Bocage, C., Huc, R., Aromolaran, D., Besseir, E., Hinckson, A., Joseph, M., Kim, D., Lagman, D., Gladsden, V. L., & Lipman, T. H. (2022). School Readiness and Social Determinants of Health: A Collaboration with Community Teachers and Parents. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4090268 Ayriza, Y., Setiawati, F. A., Nurhayati, S. R., Gumelar, S. R., & Sholeha, E. P. D. R. (2019). Does sleep quality serve as a mediator between well-being and academic achievement? Cakrawala Pendidikan, 38(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i1.22181 Azra, A., Risnawati, E., Hermaini, B., Hendra, M., Kartikawati, E., Buana, U. M., & Terbuka, U. (2023). How family communication pattern affect a family ’ s capacity for resilience during covid-19 pandemic. 11(1), 117–137. Barnett, M. A., Paschall, K. W., Mastergeorge, A. M., Cutshaw, C. A., & Warren, S. M. (2020). Influences of Parent Engagement in Early Childhood Education Centers and the Home on Kindergarten School Readiness. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 53, 260–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2020.05.005 Borualogo;, Ihsana Sabriani, F. C. (2020). Subjective Well-Being of Indonesian Children:A Perspective of Material Well-Being. ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal, 44–47. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111634487-006 Borualogo, I. S., & Casas, F. (2022). The children’s worlds psychological well-being scale: Adaptation and fit in the Indonesian context. Cogent Psychology, 9(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2022.2053377 Cress, C. J., Synhorst, L., Epstein, M. H., & Allen, E. (2012). Confirmatory factor analysis of the preschool behavioral and emotional rating scale (PreBERS) with preschool children with disabilities. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 37(4), 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534508411433499 Cress, C., Lambert, M. C., & Epstein, M. H. (2016). Factor Analysis of the Preschool Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale for Children in Head Start Programs. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34(5), 473–486. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282915617630 Diener, E., & Ryan, K. (2009). Subjective Well-Being: A General Overview. South African Journal of Psychology, 39(4), 391–406. https://doi.org/10.1177/008124630903900402 El Zaatari, W., & Maalouf, I. (2022). How the Bronfenbrenner Bio-ecological System Theory Explains the Development of Students’ Sense of Belonging to School? SAGE Open, 12(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221134089 Golshirazi, F., & Sadeghi, A. (2021). The Effect of Home-to-School Transition Program on Social-Emotional Readiness of Preschool Students. Journal of Counseling Research. https://doi.org/10.18502/qjcr.v20i77.6147 Gómez-Leal, R., Holzer, A. A., Bradley, C., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Patti, J. (2022). The relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership in school leaders: a systematic review. Cambridge Journal of Education, 52(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2021.1927987 Gregory, T., Dal Grande, E., Brushe, M., Engelhardt, D., Luddy, S., Guhn, M., Gadermann, A., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., & Brinkman, S. (2021). Associations between School Readiness and Student Wellbeing: A Six-Year Follow Up Study. Child Indicators Research, 14(1), 369–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-020-09760-6 Halimah, N., & Kawuryan, F. (2010). Kesiapan Memasuki Sekolah Dasar Pada Anak Yang Mengikuti Pendidikan Tk Dengan Yang Tidak Mengikuti Pendidikan Tk Di Kabupaten Kudus. Jurnal Psikologi Universitas Muria Kudus, I(1), 1–8. http://www.pustaka.unpad.ac.id Harrington, E. M., Trevino, S. D., Lopez, S., & Giuliani, N. R. (2020). Emotion regulation in early childhood: Implications for socioemotional and academic components of school readiness. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 20(1), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000667 Holzer, J., Bürger, S., Lüftenegger, M., & Schober, B. (2022). Revealing associations between students’ school-related well-being, achievement goals, and academic achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 95(March), 102140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2022.102140 Hughes, C., White, N., Foley, S., & Devine, R. T. (2018). Family support and gains in school readiness: A longitudinal study. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 88(2), 284–299. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12188 Jung, S., & Choi, N. (2020). Effect of Family Functioning on Preschoolers’ School Readiness: Mediating Effects of Mothers’ Affective Parenting and Preschoolers’ Self-regulation. Family and Environment Research, 58(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.6115/fer.2020.001 Kokkalia, G., Drigas, A., Economou, A., & Roussos, P. (2019). School readiness from kindergarten to primary school. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 14(11), 4–18. https://doi.org/10.3991/IJET.V14I11.10090 Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and Adaptation. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/2075902 Lin, M. L., & Faldowski, R. A. (2023). The Relationship of Parent Support and Child Emotional Regulation to School Readiness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064867 Lombardi, C. M. (2023). Early Maternal Employment And Children’s School Readiness: Changing Associations Over Time? Journal of Child and Family Studies, 32(4), 1032–1047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02357-3 Lombardi, C. M., & Dearing, E. (2021). Maternal Support of Children’s Math Learning in Associations Between Family Income and Math School Readiness. Child Development, 92(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13436 Luby, J. L., Barch, D. M., Belden, A., Gaffrey, M. S., Tillman, R., Babb, C., Nishino, T., Suzuki, H., & Botteron, K. N. (2012). Maternal support in early childhood predicts larger hippocampal volumes at school age. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(8), 2854–2859. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118003109 Mariyati, L. I. (2017). Usia dan Jenis Kelamin dengan Kesiapan Masuk Sekolah Dasar. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Psikologi UMG, 095, 331–344. Mashar, R., & Pudji Astuti, F. (2022). Correlation between Parenting Skills, Children’s Emotional and Intelligence Quotient with School Readiness. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 16(2), 215–223. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.162.02 Nurmaria, H., & Risnawati, E. (2022). The Relationship of Loneliness and Internet Addiction To Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents. Biopsikososial: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Mercubuana Jakarta, 5(2), 509. https://doi.org/10.22441/biopsikososial.v5i2.14644 Rahmawati. (2018). Kesiapan sekolah merupakan kesiapan anak untuk memasuki sekolah . Di Indonesia istilah kesiapan sekolah lazim digunakan untuk merujuk kesiapan anak masuk Sekolah Dasar ( SD ), sebagai sekolah f. Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini,12(November), 201–210. http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/jpud Risnawati, E., Meiliyandrie, L., Wardani, I., Saputra, A. H., Pramitasari, M., Mercu Buana, U., Pendidikan, J., & Dini, U. (2023). Theory of Mind, Roles, and the Development of Emotion Regulation in Early Childhood. 17(2), 1693–1602. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.172.01 Risnawati Erna, Arisandi Alfida, D. R. (2019). Peran Religiusitas dan Psychological Well-Being terhadap Resiliensi Korban KDRT. Journal.Univpancasila.Ac.Id, 10(2), 67–77. http://journal.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/mindset/article/view/836 Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069 Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The Structure of Psychological Well-Being Revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719–727. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719 Seran, T. N., Haryono, & Anni, C. T. (2017). School Readiness: Readiness Children Seen from The Whole Aspect of Early Childhood Development Article Info. Journel of Primary Education, 6(3), 224–232. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jpe St. Laurent, C. W., Burkart, S., Andre, C., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2021). Physical Activity, Fitness, School Readiness, and Cognition in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 18(8), 1004–1013. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0844 Turner, K. M. T., Dittman, C. K., Rusby, J. C., & Lee, S. (2017). Parenting Support in an Early Childhood Learning Context. In M. R. Sanders & T. G. Mazzucchelli (Eds.), The Power of Positive Parenting (pp. 242–251). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190629069.003.0021
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Carver, Alison, Ester Cerin, Muhammad Akram, James F. Sallis, Kelli L. Cain, Lawrence D. Frank, Carrie M. Geremia, Terry L. Conway, Karen Glanz, and Brian E. Saelens. "Associations of home and neighborhood environments with children’s physical activity in the U.S.-based Neighborhood Impact on Kids (NIK) longitudinal cohort study." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 20, no. 1 (February 2, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01415-3.
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Abstract Introduction Physical activity is important for children’s health and well-being. Supportiveness for physical activity of home and neighborhood environments may affect children’s PA, but most studies are cross-sectional. We examined environmental predictors of change in children’s physical activity over two years. Methods Data were from the longitudinal, observational cohort study, ‘Neighborhood Impact on Kids’. Participants were children (initially aged 6–12 years) and their parent/caregiver (n = 727 dyads) living in neighborhoods throughout San Diego County, California and King County (Seattle area), Washington, USA. Children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was measured using accelerometers at T1 (Time 1 or baseline, 2007–2009) and T2, the two-year follow-up. At T1, parents survey-reported on physical activity (PA) equipment at home and demographics. Neighborhood environment was measured using spatial data in Geographic Information Systems (intersection density; park availability) and in-person audits (informal play space near home; park-based PA facilities; land use; support for walking/cycling). Generalized additive mixed models estimated total effects, then direct effects, of environmental attributes on MVPA at T1. Two-way moderating effects of child’s sex and age were examined at T1. To examine associations of environmental exposures with changes in MVPA, we estimated interaction effects of environmental attributes on the association between time and MVPA. Results On average, children accumulated 146 min/day (standard deviation or SD = 53) of MVPA at T1, and 113 (SD = 58) min/day at T2. There were no significant total or direct effects of environmental attributes on MVPA at T1, and no significant two-way interaction effects of child’s age and sex for T1 MVPA. Having informal play spaces proximal to home with more amenities was associated with less MVPA decline from T1 to T2. Higher residential density, higher land use mix, and higher number of PA facilities in nearby parks were unexpectedly associated with greater MVPA decline. Conclusion Higher quality informal play spaces close to home may help offset declines in MVPA during middle childhood, as they may promote unstructured active play with opportunities for parental or neighbor surveillance. Unexpectedly, environmental factors consistent with higher walkability were associated with greater declines in children’s MVPA. As physical activity differs across the lifespan, so may environmental factors that facilitate it.
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Colon‐Ramo, Uriyoan, Elena Cremm, Ivonne Rivera, and Mark Edberg. "Barriers, facilitators, and strategies to support healthy eating among recent Hispanic immigrants mothers living in a food swamp: a Photovoice project." FASEB Journal 30, S1 (April 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.901.8.
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ObjectiveFollowing the social‐ecological framework, we aimed to identify barriers and facilitators that Hispanic primary caregivers living in a “food swamp” experience when providing foods for their children, and their strategies to overcome those barriers. “Food swamp” is a term referring to low‐income areas with high concentrations of food stores, including convenience stores and fast‐food outlets.MethodsUsing a purposive sampling design, we identified 15 Hispanic mothers of young children (< 10 years old) living in a neighborhood characterized as a “food swamp” in the metropolitan area of Washington DC. Semi‐structured, in‐depth interview guides were used to ask mothers to describe: (a) their typical day, (b) whether they were able to feed their children the foods they would like to, and (c) what made it easier or harder for them to provide the foods they would like to provide for their children. Mothers were also asked to take pictures of those factors. A community organizer led a participatory workshop to display all the pictures, each with a descriptive title and paragraph crafted by the mothers. The workshop sought to identify common barriers and their strategies to overcome them. Interviews from all sessions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed systematically using a codebook that followed broad categories of the social‐ecological framework (ATLAS.ti version 5).ResultsMothers were immigrants (<15 years in US) mostly El Salvador and Guatemala. The divide between children's food preferences and parent's rules and preferences around eating emerged as a common barrier. For example, mothers wanted to feed their children typical foods based on soups, rice, and tortillas from their home country, while the children preferred to eat foods that mothers perceived were common to the receiving country (pizza, fries, fried chicken). Mothers perceived that foods and drinks served at school were of low nutritional value and were concerned that this exposure reinforced preferences for these foods in their children. Eating at fast‐food restaurants as a family was common only when the monthly budget allowed. The high price for some meats, fruits, and vegetables was a common barrier cited, but mothers’ reported that their ability to manage the family budget and to find less expensive alternatives to these items enabled them to feed their children how they wanted throughout the month. WIC food vouchers also allowed mothers to purchase fruits and vegetables that they otherwise would not have been able to afford. The advice of health professionals (doctors, dentists, nutritionists) emerged as a key factor in deciding what to feed their children. Strategies identified in the workshop included: education on how to incorporate local fruits and vegetables (perceived as less expensive than imported ones), parent involvement in the school lunch options.ConclusionThe mothers were strict gatekeepers of their children's diets, following health professionals’ advice and using budgeting strategies throughout the month to cope, regardless of what was available in the environment surrounding their homes. Exposure to foods perceived as unhealthy in the school was seen as a major barrier to feeding their children what they preferred.Support or Funding InformationGW Center for Civic Engagement, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health).
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Bassano, Louis, and Debra Eckart. "Reducing Home Heating Costs in One Maine County." Journal of Extension 48, no. 5 (October 1, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/joe.48.05.15.
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Eighty-percent of Maine households heat their homes with fuel oil. Rising home heating costs are creating hardships for many lower income families. The Keep ME Warm Program provided homeowners with the means to reduce their home energy consumption. In Washington County, Extension used the train the trainer model to educate homeowners about energy conservation methods through trained volunteers. As a result, the program helped 164 households save on their heating bills and directly affected over 300 individuals. The train-the-trainer model was an ideal method for delivering effective energy education and could be used throughout the country.
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Osabinyi, Dorinah Koli, and Ong’ang’a Ouko. "PARENTAL PARTICIPATION PRACTICES AS PRECURSORS OF PUPILS’ EARLY READING LITERACY SKILLS ACHIEVEMENT KIAMBAA SUB-COUNTY, KIAMBU COUNTY, KENYA." European Journal of Special Education Research 9, no. 1 (January 11, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejse.v9i1.4629.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate ways in which parents are involved in their children's education as precursors of early literacy acquisition of children. The study used the Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler Parental Model as its theoretical lens. The study employed a descriptive survey design. Data was collected through questionnaires and a reading assessment checklist for children. Public and private primary schools included in the study were selected through stratified sampling criteria comprising 12% of the total number of schools in the Kiambaa Sub-county. A stratified sample of pupils and purposeful samples of parents and teachers were then made comprising 12% lower primary students, 12% parents, and 12% teachers from each of the selected schools. A pilot study was conducted before the final study. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 26.0). Pearson Chi-square test to establish whether there was a correlation between nuclear family structure, level of parents’ education, and parental involvement in early reading literacy skills achievement of lower primary school children. The results were presented in frequency tables, bar graphs, and bar charts. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the children were aided in their reading literacy by their significant others and family members. Most parents always read with their children in their sitting room, parents seldom read with their children outside, some parents often read with their children in the kitchen, and fewer parents never read with children in the kitchen as well. The study concluded that family structure can have some impact on parental involvement in early reading literacy skills achievements for lower primary school children. The study recommended that parents and teachers must be aware of the significant contribution they can make to their children's learning by providing a stimulating environment around language, reading, and writing, as well as supporting the school's literacy agenda at home, both during the early years of schooling and later years. It can be concluded that parents are willing to engage when they believe the schools are open and eager to facilitate their engagement. Parental participation is difficult for teachers in particular, and both teachers and parents require particular help and clear instructions to promote engagement. The study recommends that parents and teachers must be aware of the significant contribution they can make to their children's learning by providing a stimulating environment around language, reading, and writing, as well as supporting the school's literacy agenda at home, both during the early years of schooling and later years.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0202/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
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Crosh, Clare, John Hutton, Greg Szumlas, Yingying Xu, Andrew Beck, and Carley Riley. "Inequities in Public Library Branch Access and Children's Book Circulation in a Midwestern American City." International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI) 6, no. 4 (June 2, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v6i4.38127.
Full textAbstract:
Literacy development is a complex process. It is well established that the Home Literacy Environment influences literacy development. To better understand the influence of the Neighborhood Literacy Environment, we examined the distribution of public library branches across neighborhoods in an American midwestern city and associations between book circulation rates and childhood poverty rates. This study used children's book circulation data provided by the Hamilton County Public Library in the state of Ohio (U.S.). The primary outcome variable was the branch-specific, five-year mean circulation rate of books-per-child living within the branch neighborhood. The predictor variable was the childhood poverty rate of the neighborhood. There was a significant, moderate negative correlation between book circulation and childhood poverty rates (Spearman's r= -0.52, p<0.001). Using data from a public library system in a large midwestern American city, this study found significant disparities in branch access and children's book circulation in high-poverty neighborhoods.
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Elkugia, Nuha, Mary E. Crocker, James W. Stout, Kaylin Bolt, Bryan J. Weiner, and C. Bradley Kramer. "Development of an Asthma Home-Visit Training Program for Community Health Workers and Their Supervisors in Washington State." Frontiers in Public Health 9 (June 25, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.674843.
Full textAbstract:
The community health worker (CHW) asthma home-visiting model developed by Public Health-Seattle & King County (PHSKC) is an evidence-based approach proven to improve health outcomes and quality of life. In addition, it has been shown to be an effective and culturally appropriate approach to helping people with asthma understand the environmental and behavioral causes of uncontrolled asthma, while acquiring the skills they need to control their asthma. This paper describes the development and implementation of training curricula for CHWs and supervisors in the asthma home visiting program. To facilitate dissemination, this program took advantage of the current healthcare landscape in Washington State resulting from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) approval of the 1115 Medicaid Waiver project. Key aspects of the training program development included: (1) Engagement: forming a Community Advisory Board with multiple stakeholders to help prioritize training content; (2) Curriculum Development: building the training on evidence-based home-visit protocols previously developed at PHSKC; (3) Implementation of the training program; (4) Evaluation of the training; and (5) Adaptation of the training based on lessons learned. We describe key factors in the training program's improvement including the use of a community-based participatory approach to engage stakeholders at multiple phases of the project and ensure regional adaption; combining in-person and online modules for delivery; and holding learning collaboratives for post-training and technical support. We also outline our training program evaluation plan and the planned evaluation of the home visit program which the trainees will deliver, both of which follow the RE-AIM framework. However, because the COVID-19 pandemic has curtailed training activities and prohibited the trainees from implementation of these CHW home visit practices, our evaluation is currently incomplete. Therefore, this case study provides insight into the adaptation of the training program, but not the delivery of the home visit program, the outcomes of which remain to be seen.