Journal articles: 'Warders'

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Magungxu, Vuyokazi, and Philani Moyo . "Prisoner-warder ratio parity in a South African Correctional Centre: Repercussions on prison work environment and correctional security personnel." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 5 (May 30, 2014): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i5.503.

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South Africa has one of the highest inmate populations in the world. In order for the South African Correctional Services system to provide an environment conducive for the appropriate rehabilitation and reformation of its many inmates, it requires a balanced prisoner-warder ratio based on international standards. But is this the case in South African prisons? This is one of the questions that this article engages as it examines the prisoner-warder ratio at the East London Maximum Correctional Centre (ELMCC) in an effort to understand the effects of prison overcrowding on the prison work environment and correctional personnel. Based on empirical evidence gathered through qualitative techniques, the study finds a disproportionate prisoner-warder ratio at the ELMCC. This disproportion has a number of negative effects on the prison work environment and direct security personnel on duty. For example, high absenteeism is rife with warders frequently on sick leave while others are regularly on temporary incapacity leave. High stress levels are also a major problem pushing many warders into alcohol abuse. Cognitive job satisfaction and organizational commitment are also negatively affected by this disproportion with the majority of warders indicating poor work performance due to low morale and lack of motivation.

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A. Alao, Kayode, and Olusegun F. Adebowale. "Attitude to rehabilitative counselling in southwestern Nigerian prisons." International Journal of Prisoner Health 10, no. 4 (December 9, 2014): 262–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-07-2013-0032.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to examine the attitudes of prison inmates and warders (prison staff) to rehabilitative counselling and its relationship to their prison status on one hand and their educational attainment on the other. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts a descriptive survey research design. In all 123 prison inmates and 110 warders were selected by stratified random sampling from Osogbo prison headquarters, as well as Ilesa and Ile-Ife prisons in southwestern Nigeria. Data were collected through a self-constructed questionnaire titled “inmate and prison staff attitude to rehabilitation counselling”. Data collected were analysed using percentages and χ2 statistics. Findings – The results showed that the prison inmates and staff possessed positive attitude to rehabilitative counselling. No significant difference was found between the attitudes of prison inmates and staff members or on the basis of their prison statuses. However, the study found a significant relationship between the prison inmates’ attitude to rehabilitative counselling and their educational attainment. Research limitations/implications – Statutory provision needs be made for professional rehabilitative counselling in Nigerian prisons in contrast to the religious instructions currently being allowed prisoners. Educational opportunities should be provided to ensure that the knowledge so obtained complements the rehabilitative counselling. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified need to study the attitude towards rehabilitative counselling.

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Brady, Tony James. "“Raw, free”, and “almost rude”: educating warders’ children on St Helena Penal Establishment." History of Education Review 45, no. 1 (June 6, 2016): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-03-2014-0021.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the education of children at St Helena Penal Establishment in Queensland and the trials faced by the educators that delivered their formal schooling. The paper will add to the growing research into the prison island and will provide an insight into a unique facet of education in the newly established Australian State of Queensland. Design/methodology/approach – The historical analysis draws on original documents and published works to chronicle the provision of education to the children of warders at the St Helena Penal Establishment. Findings – The establishment of the Department of Public Instruction and the introduction of the State Education Act of 1875 were intended to provide Queensland children from 6 to 12 years of age with free, compulsory, and secular primary education. The full implementation of the Act took until 1900, and in the process, initiatives like St Helena State School No. 12, through issues of administrative control, saw teachers excluded from the Department of Public Instruction in order to include schoolchildren under the auspices of the same department. Research limitations/implications – The research paper is an initial investigation into the subject and limited by the paucity of primary data available on the topic. Originality/value – The case study adds to the growing literature on other aspects of the prison at St Helena, Queensland and adds to knowledge of life on the island. Furthermore, the aspects of control over staff on the island and the requirement for the teachers to double as guards, ready to take up arms in defence of the prison, provides new insights into the obligations placed on some early educators.

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Keys, Cathy. "Sharing the waterways: Shark-proof swimming, penal detention and the early history of St Helena Island, Moreton Bay." Queensland Review 27, no. 2 (December 2020): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2020.11.

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AbstractThis research examines the role that fear of sharks has played in the history of St Helena Island Moreton Bay, Queensland through analysis of historical records, newspapers, photographs and literature. The article begins with Aboriginal histories of St Helena Island, colonial settlement of the region and the building of a quarantine station. An exploration of the ways in which settlers’ fear of sharks supported the detention of prisoners in the St Helena Island Penal Establishment follows. The research finds that the warders’ shark-proof swimming enclosure on St Helena Island (1916) records a time when Queensland communities were first seeking to manage the recreational demands of swimmers in the context of a growing public fear of sharks.

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Weir, Tony. "Down hill–all the way?" Cambridge Law Journal 58, no. 1 (March 1999): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197399221010.

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WHEN suit was brought against the police in the name of the Yorkshire Ripper's final victim, alleging that they were negligent in failing to catch him sooner, every single one of the nine judges who heard the claim decided that it should be struck out (Hill v. Chief Constable [1989] A.C. 53). The House of Lords gave two reasons: first, that no duty was owed to the victim because the police were in no special relationship either with her or (unlike the case where Borstal boys wrecked a yacht while on the run from their dozy warders) with the criminal; secondly, that it was contrary to public policy for any such claims to be brought against the police in respect of their handling of criminal investigations.

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Kumar, P. Pradeep, and B. Nagarajamurthy. "Assessment of Stress among Prison Staff- A Comparative Study of Warders and Officers, and Select Demographic Variables." International Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry 2, no. 1 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.2320-6233.2.1.001.

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Sax, Boria. "How Ravens Came to the Tower of London." Society & Animals 15, no. 3 (2007): 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853007x217203.

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AbstractAccording to popular belief, Charles II of England (reigned 1660-1685) once heard a prophecy that if ravens left the Tower of London it would "fall," so he ordered that the wings of seven ravens in the Tower be trimmed. Until recently, this claim was not challenged even in scholarly literature. There are, however, no allusions to the Tower Ravens before the end of the nineteenth century. The ravens, today meticulously cared for by Yeoman Warders, are largely an invented tradition, designed to give an impression of continuity with the past. This article examines the few known references, both graphic and textual, to the Tower Ravens through 1906. It concludes that the ravens were originally brought in to dramatize the alleged site of executions at the Tower. Although not accorded great significance at first, legends that would eventually make the ravens mascots of Britain began outside of the Tower.

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Stos, Susan. "Utilitarianism, Deontology and Virtue Ethics." Journal of Business Ethics Education 15 (2018): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jbee20181516.

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The concepts behind three of the principal normative ethical theories (utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics) are evident in a real-life scenario. This case study involves videotapes recorded from inside Grootvlei Prison, Bloemfontein, South Africa in 2002. Prisoners captured sensational footage of warders selling alcohol, drugs, loaded firearms and juveniles for sex to inmates. It was footage every journalist would want to broadcast and it was for sale to the highest bidder. The country’s three flagship current affairs programs, broadcast on three different channels, were each approached to buy the footage. Each of the television channels operates under different business models: one is the public broadcaster; another a free-to-air private channel; the third is a pay channel and part of a multinational listed company. Upon analysis it is clear that each executive producer/company espoused different ethical philosophies, yet each decision was ultimately ethical. The reasoning and philosophies of three ethical theories are highlighted in business decision-making, commercial judgments as well as journalistic choices.

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Finnane, Mark. "Wolston Park Hospital, 1865–2001: A Retrospect." Queensland Review 15, no. 2 (July 2008): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600004761.

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We know about the first day at Wolston Park from a report in theBrisbane Courierof 1865. On 12 January of that year, seven prison warders (two of them women) and ten police constables escorted 57 male and twelve female lunatics from Brisbane Gaol ‘to the new Asylum at Woogaroo’. Since 1859, Queensland's insane had no longer been sent to Sydney, but were lodged instead at the Brisbane Gaol. Now the asylum was ready, its residents were loaded into cabs and taken down to the river. There they boarded a steamer namedSettlerand were conveyed down the river to the landing point near Woogaroo Creek. The name of the asylum hinted at the reality that this was Aboriginal land: the word Woogaroo, so it was remembered in the 1930s, being a corruption of an Aboriginal word meaning ‘to step over a person lying down’. Aboriginal people would be among the earliest inhabitants of the asylum, but not in great numbers. Instead, the institution was rapidly filled from its earliest days with the immigrant settlers who made up most of the colony's growing population.

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Ward, Paul. "Beefeaters, British History and the Empire in Asia and Australasia since 1826." Britain and the World 5, no. 2 (September 2012): 240–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2012.0056.

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The Yeoman Warders at the Tower of London (colloquially known as ‘Beefeaters’) have been represented as a quintessential part of British history. Their distinctive Tudor costumes and their highly visible role at the Tower made them iconic symbols of Britishness. One would think that the Beefeater could only be seen in London yet the iconography of the Beefeater was widespread across the British Empire, including India, Hong Kong, Malaya, Australia and New Zealand. This essay explores the transmission of a symbol of Britishness, arguing that while the Beefeater was a global icon, it resonated most with those who desired a direct connection to Anglo-British history. The reception and consumption of the Beefeater differed substantially. In Australia and New Zealand, the Beefeater allowed ‘distant Britons’ to celebrate a nostalgic history shared with the old country, while elsewhere in the Empire and Commonwealth, the Beefeater was too historically obscure to hold resonance and often symbolised the commercialism associated with marketing alcohol. This essay explores the changing representations and meaning of the Beefeaters as an icon of Britishness across the rise and fall of the British Empire.

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Sifunda, S., P. S. Reddy, R. B. Braithwaite, T. Stephens, S. Bhengu, R. A. C. Ruiter, and B. Van Den Borne. "Social construction and cultural meanings of STI/HIV-related terminology among Nguni-speaking inmates and warders in four South African correctional facilities." Health Education Research 22, no. 6 (August 8, 2006): 805–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/cyl105.

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Akinyemi, Eyitayo Olufunmilayo. "Perceptions of Inmates on Social Work Intervention in Osun State Prisons, Nigeria." American International Journal of Social Science Research 4, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/aijssr.v4i2.340.

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The study investigated the inmates on social work intervention in Osun State prisons, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study identified the age range of the inmates, inmates’ perception towards a societal valued life, level of engagement in skill acquisition and formal education, attitude of government and prison service employees towards inmates’ reformation. The study adopted descriptive research design. The sample consisted of 88 inmates randomly selected from the 880 inmates and eight (8) warders from Ilesa prison yard. The research instrument was a close ended questionnaire and focus group discussion. Data obtained were analysed using percentages and frequency counts. Results showed that inmates’ ages range mostly between 21 and 25 years. Findings also showed inmates perceived they could still live a good and societal acceptable life; the societal services rendered to them were good to an extent that they had positive attitudes towards skill acquisition and formal education; inmates were satisfied with the services rendered by prison workers and welfare provisions from the government. Findings concluded that the inmates believed they could still live an acceptable life during and as an ex-convict. The study recommended that individual inmate could be tailored and encouraged on the need to better their lives in the prison yard and become acceptable and self-reliant ex-convict.

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Ricard, Robert M. "Connecticut's Tree Wardens: A Survey of Current Practices, Continuing Education, and Voluntary Certification." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/22.4.248.

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Abstract Since 1918, Connecticut state law has required the appointment of a tree warden who assumes responsibility for public trees in that municipality. A major, if not the primary, responsibility of municipal government is public safety and yet local government is also charged with protecting and enhancing the economic, social, and environmental well-being of the community. As a result, the tree warden has to balance public safety and conservation. This is only possible when tree wardens are well trained. However, state statutes do not require a tree warden to posses any relevant qualifications or to participate in continuing education. Following a 1991 needs assessment, several educational initiatives were started to increase tree warden knowledge. To increase tree warden participation, two approaches were considered. One was to amend existing state law to mandate training. A second was to encourage participation in educational programs through voluntary certification. The second approach was taken when a Tree Warden School and Tree Warden Certification Program was initiated in 1998. Results from a statewide needs assessment found that tree wardens participated in more continuing education opportunities in 2001 than they did in 1991, with a large percentage becoming Connecticut Certified Tree Wardens.

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Horn, P. "Parallels and contrasts - Wendezeit in South African and German literature." Literator 18, no. 3 (April 30, 1997): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v18i3.547.

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We live in the present, but our language is always the language of the past. Memory is fragile, evanescent and often distorted. Even where memories are vivid and subjectively compelling, there is no guarantee that they are correct. The documents which come down to us are riddled with lacunae, silences, and with outright lies. But these documents are the basis and the limit of our constant rewriting of history. Official history is an erasure of an alternative history. The truth, which surfaces in myths and stories, is the truth forgotten by history, or more precisely, the truth repressed by history. Not only the henchmen and the prison warders have a bad memory. The victims, too, have difficulties remembering. But not to want to know the truth about oneself is an attitude which always leads to catastrophe. Literature discovers the dark underworld beneath the glittering surface of this country, which considers itself to be happy. It is art, the novel, the poem, the image, which transcends the boundary of that area which is excluded from language. Fictional reports can, however, do that only because they lack the authority of official history writing, because that which is written fictionally has been called a lie since the time of Plato. There is, nevertheless, a silence underneath the rationality of the historical method, an unknown.

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Bottyán, Tímea Diána. "„Marhahúsevők” : A Yeoman Warderek története 1485-től napjainkig (Első rész)." Polymatheia 17, no. 1-2 (2020): 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51455/polymatheia.2020.1-2.01.

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A Yeomen Warder fogalma nem túl ismert világszerte. A fontos szerepet betöltő, de az ismeretlenségbe burkolódzó Yeoman Warder csoport nagyságrendileg egy körülbelül 40 fős katonai fegyveres erőt, a Királynő Személyi Testőrségéhez tartozó különleges egységet takar. A londoni Tower és az itt szolgálatot teljesítő Yeoman Warderek a brit történelem és a nemzeti identitás időtlen szimbólumai. A Yeoman Warderek története és tevékenysége szorosan összefügg a Tower történetével. Ennek felderítése és a Yeoman Warderek tevékenységének megismerése érdekében a tanulmány végig vezet e speciális csoport történetén és bemutatja tevékenységüket. A Towert I. Erzsébet királynő idejétől kezdve látogatják. A 19. század végére az érdeklődők száma elérte az 500 000 főt évente, mára pedig ez a szám 4-4,5 millióra tehető. A megnövekedett látogatószám, illetve a Yeoman Wardereket bemutató tárlatvezetés hozzájárulhat a Yeoman Warderek ismertségének növeléséhez.

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Imbuye, Ruth, Risper Konzolo, Johyn Masinde, Patrick Barasa, Patrick Olutwati, Wanyama Mukubuyi, Japheth Barasa, David Loeseps, Susan Wandukusi, and Florence Chemayiek. "PARENTING STYLES INFLUENCE ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF YOUTH IN BORSTAL INSTITUTION IN KENYA." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12077.

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Parenting styles can influence youthful offenders on academic achievement, behaviours and truancy. The studys objectives were to identify parenting styles used by guardians on youthful offenders in borstal institutions in Kenya, to establish behavioral problems exhibited in students due to parenting styles in borstal institutions in Kenya and to analyze academic achievement of youthful offenders in borstal institutions in Kenya. Respondents to the research were selected using the simple random technique through the Krejcie and Morgan formular table. Since the purpose of the study was to identify parenting styles used by guardians on youthful offenders in borstal institutions in Kenya, stakeholders including students, parents, prison warders, counsellors, social workers and administrators constituted the sample population. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules and focus group discussions before being presented in tables. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Statisticsversion 20. Primary and secondary sources were also used in the study. Findings indicated that more pupil responses showed that behaviours adopted by youthful offenders were a result of parenting styles. Neglectful parenting resulted in increase of bad behavior. Absentee parenting was the leading cause of poor academic achievement. Recommendations of this study include review of policy of the Education Act toaddress academic achievement problems in borstal institutions. Parenting styles should be discussed and taught in both primary and secondary school.Future research should focus on parents cultural beliefs and practice influence on youthful offenders academic achievement.

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Reidy, Conor. "Institutional power and the Irish borstal boy, 1906–21." Irish Historical Studies 38, no. 149 (May 2012): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400000614.

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This article will examine the unique power structure that governed the lives of inmates of Ireland's borstal institution from its foundation in 1906 until the end of British rule in 1921. The borstal system was developed at the close of the nineteenth century at a time when penal administrators were searching for new and more enlightened modes of detention. Reform became something of a catchphrase and the borstal was one of two approaches, the other being the inebriate reformatory system that captured the imagination of Home Office officials. During this time there was a transition of leadership in the British penal system as those who subscribed to the more outdated idea of imprisonment without reform were replaced with more enlightened idealists. Borstal offenders in Ireland and Britain were subjected to an authoritarian structure unlike that experienced by prisoners within mainstream institutions of the penal systems in both countries. The division of power involved a three-way process in Clonmel borstal between 1906 and 1921. Three different but inextricably linked bodies, the General Prisons Board (G.P.B.), the institutional management, and the aftercare body, the Borstal Association of Ireland (B.A.I.), cooperated in a type of alliance with the aim of bringing about the reform of the juvenile-adult offender. Ultimate power rested in the hands of G.P.B. administrators but it is clear that governors, warders and aftercare officials had considerable influence in the decision-making process.

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Bottyán, Tímea Diána. "„Marhahúsevők” : A Yeoman Warderek története 1485-től napjainkig (Második rész)." Polymatheia 17, no. 3-4 (2020): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51455/polymatheia.2020.3-4.01.

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A Yeoman Warder fogalma nem túl ismert világszerte. A fontos szerepet betöltő, de az ismeretlenségbe burkolódzó csoport nagyságrendileg egy körülbelül 40 fős katonai fegyveres erőt, a Királynő Személyi Testőrségéhez tartozó különleges egységet takar. A londoni Tower és az itt szolgálatot teljesítő Yeoman Warderek a brit történelem és a nemzeti identitás időtlen szimbólumai. A Yeoman Warderek története és tevékenysége szorosan összefügg a Tower történetével. Az első tanulmányban megvizsgáltuk, hogy mit is jelenthet a „Yeoman Warder” kifejezés, áttekintettük a londoni Tower történetét 43-tól egészen 1485-ig, majd végigvettük a Yeoman Warderek történetét az alapítási évüktől a 18. század végéig. A második részben a 19. századtól folytatjuk történetüket, majd röviden bemutatjuk, hogyan teltek mindennapjaik a Tower falain belül. Hol és hogyan éltek? Mit viselnek? Mi a feladatuk? Honnan ered a „Marhahúsevő” megnevezés?

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Siwalei, Annie, and Sidney O. C. Mwaba. "Effect of Incarceration on Children's Cognitive Development." Journal of Law and Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jlss.2.1.430.

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Imprisonment of parents causes many hardships for children. Children of incarcerated mothers usually experience disruptions in their home environments and child care arrangements and usually also experience social stigmatization. Children who accompany their mothers into prison are exposed to conditions that in all probability affect their cognitive development. This study investigated the possible effects that growing up in prison has on the cognitive development of children incarcerated together with their mothers. 34 children ranging in age between 2 and 4 years participated in this study together with their mothers. 17 of the children (10 girls and 7 boys) were incarcerated with their mothers and the other 17 children (9 girls and 8 boys) were not incarcerated and lived with their mothers in their homes. The incarcerated children were matched in demographic characteristics with non incarcerated children. The SON-R 2.5-7, an individual intelligence test for general application which does not require the use of spoken or written language was administered to measure the cognitive ability of the children. Qualitative data was also collected through informal discussions with the mothers and the prison warders on their perceptions on the cognitive ability of the children. A one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was computed to find out if there was a significant difference between the means of the two groups i. e the incarcerated and the non-incarcerated children. The results indicated a significant difference in performance between the two groups, with the incarcerated children performing worse than the non incarcerated children. Implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the cognitive development of 'incarcerated' and non 'incarcerated' children.

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Leip, Leslie A., Jeanne Stinchcomb, and Mara Schiff. "Job Satisfaction and Work-Related Stress." Criminal Justice Review 42, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 400–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016817699671.

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The job of prison warden encompasses numerous external pressures and internal challenges, along with commensurately high performance expectations, the cumulative impact of which may be reflected in the job satisfaction and work-related stress of incumbents. Using data gathered from a national survey of prison wardens, we examine the impact of work-related stress, depersonalization, and the authority to carry out responsibilities on job satisfaction levels of prison wardens across the nation.

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Chukwu, Amari Omaka. "Decongesting Prisons in Nigeria: the EBSU Law Clinic model." International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 20, no. 2 (July 8, 2014): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v20i2.21.

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Due to the growing problems of overcrowding and prison congestion in Nigeria, the need to conduct this pro bono study became imperative. This study is a needs assessment, evaluation and fact finding of the challenges and access to judges problems of detainees of Abakaliki and Afikpo Federal Prisons in Ebonyi State Nigeria. Bearing in mind the UN Standard Minimum Rules and other instruments in international law, the project report generally captures the following information:-<ul><li>State of the Structure of the prisons </li><li>Infrastructure at the prisons </li><li>Facilities at the prisons </li><li>Welfare of the inmates at the prison </li><li>Welfare of the prisons staff </li><li>Access to Justice by the inmates and</li><li>Other ancillary issues such as children in prison, over age in prison, nature of offences etc. </li></ul>In carrying out this study, empirical method of data collection and analysis was used. The two prisons in the state were visited and 250 prisoners responded to both the questionnaire and direct interview. Some staff of the Nigerian Prison Service and warders were also interviewed. The findings of this study were significant and highly revealing. The study specifically highlights certain issues of concern and proffers recommendations to address identified challenges. The report would serve as a national and international reference material as well as a programmatic tool for working out specific programmes and interventions to address the myriad problems facing the Nigerian prison system specifically, and the criminal justice administration system in Nigeria generally. The findings in this project are significant, the recommendations rich, we enjoin the government and development partners to implement them.

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Tsirigotis, Konstantinos, Wojciech Gruszczyński, and Sebastian Pęczkowski. "Anxiety and styles of coping with occupational stress resulting from work with ‘dangerous’ prisoners in prison service officers." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 27, no. 5 (May 29, 2015): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2015.31.

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ObjectivePrisoners categorised as ‘dangerous’ are a category of prisoners that require and/or force into using special measures of caution, protection and security. The aim of the study was to examine the intensity of anxiety (as a state and as a trait) experienced by officers working with ‘dangerous’ prisoners and styles of coping with stress they adopt.MethodsA total of 40 officers working with ‘dangerous’ prisoners (the study group, SG) and 60 officers of the security department not working with ‘dangerous’ prisoners (the reference group, RG) were studied. The intensity of anxiety was assessed applying the Polish version of ‘State-Trait Anxiety Inventory’ (STAI); styles of coping with stress were explored employing the Polish version of ‘Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations’ (CISS) and the author’s own questionnaire. Data were analysed using the mean, standard deviation, difference testing (the Mann–Whitney U test), correlation–regression procedure (Kendall’s tau, τ correlation coefficient and forward stepwise multiple regression).ResultsOfficers in the SG faced verbal and physical aggression; nevertheless, scores of officers in both the groups were within the interval of mean scores for all the studied STAI and CISS variables. Officers in the SG achieved significantly higher scores on the state-anxiety scale and the Emotion-Oriented Style (EOS), and lower scores on the Task-Oriented Style (TOS) and Social Diversion (SD). The correlation-regression procedure indicated that there were relationships between anxiety and styles of coping with stress but they differed slightly between the groups.ConclusionsOfficers in the SG feel state anxiety stronger and display a stronger preference for the EOS than officers in the RG. Officers in the RG more strongly prefer the TOS and SD. State anxiety is a variable negatively explaining the TOS in the SG, whereas anxiety as a trait is a variable explaining the EOS in both the groups. The coping styles of warders dealing with dangerous prisoners are different and may need specific psychological counselling and training programmes.

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Kumar, Ashook, Anny Memon, Suneel Kumar Panjabi, and Salman Shams. "Flap design: Comparison of ward’s flap versus modified ward’s flap in surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molar." Professional Medical Journal 26, no. 08 (August 10, 2019): 1323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.08.3877.

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To compare the Ward’s Flap Versus Modified Ward’s flap in relation to access, healing & postoperative complications in surgical extraction of mandibular third molar impaction. Study Design: Comparative Cross Sectional. Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery LUMHS Jamshoro/Hyderabad: Period: March 2017 to November 2017. Materials and Methods: The history, clinical examination and radiographs (OPG and periapical) had done by team of researchers and recorded on proforma. After selection of patient into either group (Group A=Wards Flap, Group B Modified Wards), the surgical extraction was carried out under local anesthesia. For group A, a standard full thickness mucoperiosteal flap (ward’s flap) was raised. The incision was given mesial to the impacted lower third molar. For group B, a standard full thickness mucoperiosteal flap (Modified ward’s flap) was given mesial to second molar. At the end of the surgery, the flap design used for the extraction of impacted lower third molar tooth and the duration of each operation (from the first extraction maneuver to the completion of the last suture), Pain, Swelling and Trismus13 were recorded on the proforma. Every patient was called for follow up on the 3rd day and 7th day. Results: Mean age was found 27.93 years, with range of minimum 20 years and maximum 35 years. Male were found in the majority 72.3%. Majority of the cases 51.5% were found with class B, in class A 37.5% and 10.9% were found with class C. According to the impaction position 50% cases were in class I, and 50% cases were in class II. Preoperative pain measurement was done according VAS, 71.9% patients were found with mild pain, 9.4% were with moderate pain while 18.8% patients were without pain. Modified Wards flap showed good efficacy regarding duration of third molar extraction as compare to Ward’s flap P-value 0.018. Modified ward’s flap had showed less postoperative pain as compare to ward’s flap p-value 0.022. No significant difference was found between both groups on 3rd and 7th postoperative day in Mouth opening. Conclusion: This study concluded that both ward’s flap and modified ward’s flaps showed good efficacy, while duration of surgery and postoperative pain were significantly less in the modified ward’s flaps as compare to ward’s flap. More large sample size studies are required to evaluate more accurate findings.

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Butler, Tim, and Chris Hamnett. "Gentrification, Class, and Gender: Some Comments on Wardens ‘Gentrification as Consumption’." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, no. 4 (August 1994): 477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d120477.

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In this paper Warde's argument that gentrification is primarily an issue of gender is questioned. It is argued that class and gender are both important in understanding gentrification. Contra Warde, it is argued that gentrification is likely to be found in the distinctive locational patterns of particular fractions of the middle class, Evidence from a recent study of gentrification in northeast London suggests that gentrifiers are drawn disproportionately from the second-generation middle-class and that it is within this context that the role played by women in the gentrification process needs to be understood.

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Parchizadeh, Jamshid. "Spatiotemporal distribution of large- and medium-sized mammals and humans in the Lar Protected Area, Iran." Wildlife Research 44, no. 5 (2017): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16199.

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Context One-fifth of mammal species are at risk of extinction in the wild due to overhunting, habitat loss and habitat fragmentation. Protected areas are considered an effective method for conserving biological diversity, and can help prevent declines and extinctions of species. Thus, evaluating the effectiveness of protected areas in achieving conservation objectives is vital for successful conservation and management. Aims The aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of large- and medium-sized mammals and humans as an aid to evaluate the effectiveness of the Lar Protected Area in northern Iran. This area is expected to be a year-round habitat for seven large- and medium-sized mammal species: (1) brown bear (Ursus arctos); (2) golden jackal (Canis aureus); (3) Persian leopard (Panthera pardus); (4) Eurasian red fox (Vulpes vulpes); (5) wild goat (Capra aegagrus); (6) Alborz red sheep (Ovis orientalis); and (7) wild boar (Sus scrofa). Methods A camera-trap survey (2780 camera-trap days) was conducted in the Lar Protected Area, which included mountains, canyons and plains, from June 2013 to August 2014. The spatial and temporal distribution of four categories of humans in the study area was documented: wardens, poachers, tribal people and tourists. Key results All aforementioned mammals were photographed in the study area. The Lar Protected Area was a seasonally important habitat for the majority of these species, especially from October to December, whereas the presence of tribal people, tourists and wardens was greatest in summer. Poachers were most common in autumn, when wardens and other humans were less common. Poachers preferentially used an area containing canyons, as did wild goats, bears, leopards, foxes and jackals. Conclusions The seasonality of the distribution of the seven species, which were most common in autumn, suggests that mammals were avoiding humans in summer. An average of 7.6 photographs of poachers for every photograph of a warden was obtained; this implies a potential threat to the conservation of mammals. Implications These results suggest that the Lar Protected Area functions as a seasonal habitat for many species of mammals, thus highlighting the importance of adjacent protected areas. Temporal separation of wardens from poachers indicates that reallocation of wardens could reduce poaching.

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Groppi, Matthew. "Recruit conservation warden field training: A qualitative analysis of the San Jose Police Department Field Training Model applied to natural resource law enforcement." International Journal of Police Science & Management 23, no. 3 (May 20, 2021): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14613557211016491.

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This article reviews the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing (hereafter President’s Task Force) findings on law enforcement field training. The President’s Task Force was critical of the San Jose Police Department Field Training Model (hereafter the San Jose Model), the most common model used by law enforcement agencies within the United States. These criticisms were the impetus for an assessment of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) Law Enforcement Field Training Program which was based on the San Jose Model. The WDNR employs conservation wardens who primarily enforce wildlife, environmental, and recreational vehicle laws. This study evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the WDNR field training program through surveys of the perceptions and experiences of the field training officers, recruit conservation wardens, and warden supervisors. These findings also permit analysis regarding the criticisms identified by the President’s Task Force. The author found very little existing research pertaining to field training programs and little existing research on conservation law enforcement. The findings of this study persuaded command staff within the WDNR to follow the recommendations of the President’s Task Force and adopt the Police Training Officer (PTO) Model because it incorporated adult learning concepts, problem-based learning, and was more focused on community policing. Practical applications for other agencies are discussed and needs for future empirical research related to law enforcement field training are identified.

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CULLEN, FRANCIS T., EDWARD J. LATESSA, RENEÉ KOPACHE, LUCIEN X. LOMBARDO, and VELMER S. BURTON. "Prison Wardens' Job Satisfaction." Prison Journal 73, no. 2 (June 1993): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855593073002002.

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Using a national sample, the authors explore the level and determinants of prison wardens' job satisfaction. The data revealed that, both absolutely and compared with other occupational groups, wardens had a high level of job satisfaction. In general, individual characteristics, organizational conditions, previous work experiences, and a prison's regional location did not influence satisfaction scores. Dimensions of the work role, however, were significantly related to job satisfaction. Wardens were more satisfied who had supportive relations, emphasized human services to inmates, and exercised administrative autonomy within their prison.

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Woodward, Ian. "Investigating Consumption Anxiety Thesis: Aesthetic Choice, Narrativisation and Social Performance." Sociological Review 54, no. 2 (May 2006): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.2006.00613.x.

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Warde's (1994) theoretical analysis of possible anxieties provoked in the act of consumption synthesises a large body of contemporary literature on uncertainty, social change and consumption. In doing so, it offers a predominantly structural model of the anxiety provoking tensions and forces individual consumers may be exposed to. Drawing on the work of contemporary figurehead theorists of social change, and proposing his own application of Durkheim's model of suicide to the problem of consumption anxiety, Warde presents a model of how anxieties and their mitigation are embedded within configurations of contemporary consumer culture. Though Warde's analysis illustrates the structural, theoretical context of potential consumption anxieties for particular social groups, it is unable to specify how such anxieties are manifested and managed – or performed – by individuals within specific social and consumption settings. This paper takes an interpretive approach, conceptualising consumption anxiety as a discursive, narrative phenomenon likely to surface within particular social settings that are conducive to generating expressions of anxiety. The paper also considers the relation between narrativisation and objects, arguing that the cultural capacity of objects must be understood within local settings where objects are afforded a capacity to act through various discourses. The argument is drawn using selections of face-to-face interview data collected from a sample of middle-class householders on the practice of home decoration.

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Hensley, Christopher, and Richard Tewksbury. "Wardens’ Perceptions of Prison Sex." Prison Journal 85, no. 2 (June 2005): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885505276996.

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Sturges, Judith E., and Katherine N. Hardesty. "Survey of Pennsylvania Jail Wardens." Criminal Justice Review 30, no. 2 (September 2005): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016805284145.

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RAJKUMAR, G., and T. SIVAGAMA SUNDARI. "Hostel Management System Based on Finger Print Authentication." Oriental journal of computer science and technology 11, no. 4 (December 28, 2018): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst11.04.08.

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The biometric system plays the most important role in this current century. Finger print identification is one among the foremost distinguished and familiar identity verification system due to its individuality. Security within the hostel is one of the foremost repetitive issues. To keep up day by day attendance verification is sophisticated and time consuming system for the hostel management. There are number of existing attending systems are available for college students, for hostel students it must improve. Within the existing system wardens are manually maintain the attendance for hostel students. This paper deals with, avoid of an entire problem in hostel management system together with this monitoring system also proposed. The administrator of this system was college principal or warden. Biometric system is used to accommodate a large number of students within the hostel. This system makes automatically to monitor the entry and exit of students from hostel and offers alert SMS to parents for their safety.

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LIEBHOLD, A. "Warder Allee's escape from obscurity." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 23, no. 6 (June 2008): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2008.02.009.

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Reinhardt, Nadjana. "TFA in der Arche Warder." team.konkret 12, no. 04 (December 9, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-115711.

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Nikolic, Nebojsa. "Connecting Conflict Concepts: Hybrid Warfare and Warden’s Rings." Information & Security: An International Journal 41 (2018): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/isij.4102.

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Kuliešis, Gediminas, and Lina Pareigienė. "Determinants of population trends in rural areas." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 37, no. 4 (December 22, 2015): 532–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2015.44.

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In recent decades the continuous decline of the rural population permanently raise concerns about the rural vitality – rural traditions, values and way of life of the rural population, which need to be supported. This is treated as a public good. Rural population is vital factor. Numerous scientific studies are devoted for investigating the ways and incentives how to encourage them to stay. The scientific problem of the study was to identify the factors behind the population variation trends in the same municipality while in some wards it increased and decreased in others. The study experts were executives of rural wards, who ranks the factors in order of importance in determining of the population trends. The results showed that executives consider population decline due to the changed geopolitical situation in Lithuania related to the accession to the EU, while the growth is caused by ward’s proximity to the central municipal city, favorable environment and availability of community gardens, where citizens are moving.

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Schiff, Mara, and Leslie Leip. "The Impact of Job Expectations, Workload, and Autonomy on Work-Related Stress Among Prison Wardens in the United States." Criminal Justice and Behavior 46, no. 1 (September 28, 2018): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854818802876.

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Prison wardens manage both external pressures and internal challenges that affect work-related stress. Using data from a national survey of prison wardens, we examined the impact of conflicting job expectations, workload, and job autonomy on work-related stress among prison wardens. The ordered logistic regression results showed a significant and positive relationship between conflicting job expectations and work-related stress. The results also showed a significant and positive relationship between unmanageable workloads and stress on the job. We found a negative and significant relationship between job autonomy and work-related stress, though the relationship was relatively weak. The importance of this study lies in its ability to help isolate factors that affect job stress among prison wardens, which in turn may produce better organizational support, management, and human resources policy to improve conditions for prison wardens, staff, and inmates.

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DONNELLY, DANIEL. "Community Wardens in Scotland: Practitioners' Views." Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 47, no. 4 (September 2008): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2311.2008.00527.x.

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Smithson, Hannah, and Rachel Armitage. "What role for street crime wardens?" Safer Communities 6, no. 2 (April 2007): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17578043200700013.

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Hensley, Christopher, Richard Tewksbury, and Chau-Pu Chiang. "Wardens’ Attitudes Toward Conjugal Visitation Programs." Journal of Correctional Health Care 9, no. 3 (October 1, 2002): 307–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107834580200900307.

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Shahid, Salman, Hina Majid, Khalid Ismail, Sohail Safdar, and Syed Bilal Hassan. "Frequency of Noise Induced Hearing Loss Among Traffic Wardens of Lahore." Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College 8, no. 4 (December 23, 2019): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v8i4.380.

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Background: Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a major cause of disability throughout the world. It is the most common irreversible job-related hazard in the world with a higher burden in the developing regions of the world. Certain occupations are at high risk for NIHL. Traffic wardens could be considered highly vulnerable group as they are exposed to long hours of traffic noise. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of noise induced hearing loss among traffic wardens of Lahore city.Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive study, carried out from 1st December 2018 to 31st May 2019, in which 329 traffic wardens appointed in 34 beats/sectors of Lahore city were included. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire, followed by Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) of all the subjects.Results: A total of 329 traffic wardens were selected for this study. Mean age of the traffic wardens was 35.35 ± 1.21 years. NIHL was present in 174 (52.9%) traffic wardens, out of which, 138 (79.3%) had mild, 32 (18.4%) moderate, and 4 (2.3%) had moderately severe degree of hearing loss. Among the 329 traffic wardens, 165 (50.2%) had exposure to noise between 7am to 3pm (morning shift) and 42 (12.8%) had some problem with their hearing. Only 12 (3.6%) had ringing in the ears or tinnitus, 140 (42.6%) wore any hearing protection during duty hours and 42 (12.8%) said they had difficulty in hearing and frequently asked people to repeat themselves.Conclusion: In this study a high frequency of noise induced hearing loss was reported among traffic wardens of Lahore city with most of them having mild to moderate degree of hearing loss.

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FLANAGAN, TIMOTHY J., W. WESLEY JOHNSON, and KATHERINE BENNETT. "Job Satisfaction among Correctional Executives: A Contemporary Portrait of Wardens of State Prisons for Adults." Prison Journal 76, no. 4 (December 1996): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855596076004002.

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This study examines the nature and distribution of job satisfaction in a national sample of 641 wardens of state prisons for adults. The results indicate that these corrections executives are a highly satisfied occupational group, but there is evidence that job satisfaction among wardens has declined since the late 1980s. Measures of social support in the workplace, including effective communication with staff and support and confidence in subordinates, are important determinants of wardens' job satisfaction. The implications of these findings in the context of corrections' increasing politicization and punitiveness are discussed.

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Wardell, Diane Wind. "Response from Wardell." Journal of Nursing Scholarship 36, no. 4 (December 2004): 288–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2004.04052_3.x.

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Forsyth, Craig J. "Bookers and peacemakers: Types of game wardens." Sociological Spectrum 14, no. 1 (January 1994): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02732173.1994.9982051.

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Jacques, R. "22. The warden and the doctor: Kingston penetentiary in the 1840s." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 30, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v30i4.2782.

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Canada’s first prison, Kingston penitentiary, opened its doors to six male inmates in 1835. This institution rested on a religious model, which postulated a dichotomy between good and evil people. Hence, suffering was justifiably inflicted to restore the convict to a state of grace. This research will explore the life of prisoners and the awkward responsibilities of the physician, using as its principle sources the annual reports of the prison and the remarkable infirmary registry kept by Dr. James Sampson. While Warden Henry Smith prescribed the punishment, Dr. Sampson was obliged to verify that the inmate was fit to be punished. The physical and mental consequences of punishments were recorded in the prison’s hospital registry. The prison population tripled to approximately 500 from 1842-1845. Ten percent of the prison population was female, with the rest being adult male offenders, the criminally insane and boys, some as young as 8 years old. A single standard of punishment was impossible since it was permissible to hit children but not women. This paper will show the nature and frequency of punishments meted out by the Warden. It will demonstrate that there was a concomitant increase in the number of overall injuries. Morbidity was directly linked to punishment, but mortality was not. Warden Smith was dismissed from office in 1848 on charges of starving the convicts and cruel, excessive punishment. Prior to his dismissal Dr. Sampson took a leave of absence as a statement of his inability to properly treat his patients and upon the warden’s removal returned to his duties as the prison physician. Evidence from this study demonstrates that the prison physician was in a position of divided allegiance between his duty to the prisoner-patients and his duty to the moral code of his society as interpreted by the warden. St. Onge D. Curator, Correctional Services Canada Museum. Kingston, Ontario, 2007. Hennessy PH. Canada’s Big House: The dark history of the Kingston Penitentiary. Toronto: Dundern Press, 1999. Hospital Records, 1842-1848. The Archives of Queen’s University at Kingston, Ontario.

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Anand, Christopher. "Ward’s solitons." Geometry & Topology 1, no. 1 (July 14, 1997): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/gt.1997.1.9.

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van Wormer, Katherine, and Robert A. Schneider. "Prison Wardens' Perception of Psychosocial and Service Needs of Incarcerated Women." Psychological Reports 92, no. 1 (February 2003): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2003.92.1.128.

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Wardens and administrators of 77 women's correctional facilities were mailed a questionnaire designed to assess the psychosocial and service needs of incarcerated female inmates nationally. 35 completed surveys were returned. Representativeness of the sample is discussed. Analysis identified attitudes about recent correctional trends perceived by wardens, including concerns about child care while incarcerated.

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Kipnis, Marina, Frank Schwab, Tobias S. Kramer, Miriam S. Stegemann, Caroline Isner, Georg Pilarski, Nayana Märtin, et al. "Incidence of healthcare-associated Clostridioides difficile infections and association with ward-level antibiotic consumption in a German university hospital: an ecological study." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, no. 8 (May 16, 2019): 2400–2404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz195.

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Abstract Objectives Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most important healthcare-associated infections. We aimed to describe the incidence density of healthcare-associated CDI (HA-CDI) in Germany’s largest hospital and to identify associations with ward-level antimicrobial consumption. Methods We used surveillance data on CDI and antimicrobial consumption from 2014 to 2017 and analysed a potential association by means of multivariable regression analysis. Results We included 77 wards with 404998 admitted patients and 1850862 patient-days. Six hundred and seventy-one HA-CDI cases were identified, resulting in a pooled mean incidence density of 0.36/1000 patient-days (IQR = 0.34–0.39). HA-CDI incidence density on ICU and haematological–oncological wards was about three times higher than on surgical wards [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 3.00 (95% CI = 1.96–4.60) and IRR = 2.78 (95% CI = 1.88–4.11), respectively]. Ward-level consumption of third-generation cephalosporins was the sole antimicrobial risk factor for HA-CDI. With each DDD/100 patient-days administered, a ward’s HA-CDI incidence density increased by 2% [IRR = 1.02 (95% CI = 1.01–1.04)]. Other risk factors were contemporaneous community-associated CDI cases [IRR = 1.32 (95% CI = 1.07–1.63)] and CDI cases in the previous month [IRR = 1.27 (95% CI = 1.07–1.51)]. Furthermore, we found a significant decrease in HA-CDI in 2017 compared with 2014 [IRR = 0.68 (95% CI = 0.54–0.86)]. Conclusions We confirmed that ward-level antimicrobial use influences HA-CDI and specifically identified third-generation cephalosporin consumption as a risk factor.

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Rines, David, Brian Kane, H. Dennis, P. Ryan, and David B. Kittredge. "Urban forestry priorities of Massachusetts (USA) tree wardens." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 9, no. 4 (January 2010): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2010.06.006.

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Mears, Daniel P., and Jennifer L. Castro. "Wardens' Views on the Wisdom of Supermax Prisons." Crime & Delinquency 52, no. 3 (July 2006): 398–431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128705279484.

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Böhmer, Frank-D., and Karlheinz Friedrich. "Protein tyrosine phosphatases as wardens of STAT signaling." JAK-STAT 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2014): e28087. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/jkst.28087.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Warders'

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