Dissertations / Theses: 'War years'

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Ambühl, Rémy. "Prisoners of war in the Hundred Years War : the golden age of private ransoms /." St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/757.

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Ambuhl, Rémy. "Prisoners of war in the Hundred Years War : the golden age of private ransoms." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/757.

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If the issue of prisoners of war has given rise to numerous studies in recent years, nevertheless, this topic is far from exhausted. Built on a large corpus of archival sources, this study fuels the debate on ransoms and prisoners with new material. Its originality lies in its broad chronological framework, i.e. the duration of the Hundred Years War, as well as its perspective – that of lower ranking as well as higher-ranking prisoners on both side of the Channel. What does it mean for those men to live in the once coined ‘golden age of private ransoms’? My investigations hinge around three different themes: the status of prisoners of war, the ransoming process and the networks of assistance. I argue that the widespread practice of ransoming becomes increasingly systematic in the late Middle Ages. More importantly, I show how this evolution comes ‘from below’; from the individual masters and prisoners who faced the multiple obstacles raised by the lack of official structure. Indeed, the ransoming of prisoners remained the preserve of private individuals throughout the war and no sovereign could afford that this became otherwise. It is specifically the non-interventionism of the crown and the large freedom of action of individuals which shaped the ransom system.

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Bellis, Joanna Ruth. "Language, literature, and the Hundred Years War, 1337-1600." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609852.

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Winks, Robin William. "The Civil war years : Canada and the United States /." Montreal : McGill-Queen's university press, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37693276r.

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Texte remanié de: Doct. diss.--Baltimore--the Johns Hopkins University.
Publ. la première fois en 1960 aux États-Unis sous le titre : "Canada and the United States : the Civil war years" Notes bibliogr. Index.

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5

Bell, Adrian R. "Anatomy of an army : the campaigns of 1387-1388." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252199.

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WAGNER, MEGAN JENNIFER. "THE SEVEN YEARS WAR: GLOBAL CONFLICT AND THE COLONIAL PERSPECTIVE." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192269.

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7

Mortimer, Geoffrey. "Perceptions of the Thirty Years War in eyewitness personal accounts." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310295.

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Marks, Adam. "England, the English and the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3653.

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This thesis explores the role of England and the English during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), and provides the first major study of the between 50,000 and 60,000 Englishmen who fought for the ‘Protestant cause' within the armies of countries such as the Dutch Republic, Denmark and Sweden. These findings provide an alternative perspective on a number of widely accepted theories, such as the demise of English military power throughout the period and the failure of the Stuart monarchs to engage within continental warfare. The actions of the English abroad openly contributed not only to crucial European events, such as during the struggle to hold the Palatinate (1620-1623) and at the sieges of Maastricht (1632) and Breda (1637) but also to domestic events such as the breakdown of relations between the Crown and Parliament. By making extensive use of continental archives to analyse the role of the English abroad, this thesis provides a new perspective on not only events in Europe but also events within the borders of Stuart Britain. Through an analysis of the networks and motivations that linked these men, it challenges any idea these they were unimportant or simply mercenary by showing they were, in fact, an active part of Stuart policy while also actually fighting for a host of individual motivations. Explaining the role of these men during the breakdown of Stuart government in the late 1630s and 1640s illustrates the considerable influence this body of men had on their homeland. The thesis not only contributes to English historiography but also allows the existent work on Scotland and Ireland by historians such as Steve Murdoch, Alexia Grosjean, David Worthington and Robert Stradling to be placed within a wider British context. It also provides a contribution to the beginnings of a wider analysis of the English abroad during the early modern period, which has been sorely under-researched.

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Goorts, Roeland. "War, state and society in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège during the Nine Years' War (1688-97)." Thesis, University of Reading, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602473.

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This thesis examines the impact of war on the Prince-Bishopric of Liege in the only period when Liege was finally obliged to abandon its long-standing Medieval principle of neutrality by raising a standing army. The study starts with a discussion of the geographic and political context of the Prince Bishopric, a territory ruled by the Bishop, who had to be elected by an ecclesiastical Chapter. The neighbouring European rulers desired to gain influence in this country because of the significance of the Meuse valley. Even when this neutral status was lost during the Nine Years' War there remained a constant interplay between the foreign relations and the internal factors. In 1689 the Chapter elected the native Jean Louis d'Elderen as their new prince ruler against possible foreign influences. Despite this new sovereign had to cooperate with his Canons, he accepted to participate in the conflict against Louis XIV and recruited a newly formed army of circa 6,000 men. After his death in 1694 the canons composed a capitulation before accepting Joseph Clemens of Wittelsbach as their sovereign. He even had to consent to the establishment of a Council of War. As we shall discuss, the passing, foraging and quartering of troops had particular effects on the Liegeois society. Despite this constant threat most inhabitants refused to abandon their farms due to their sense of community and a confidence in their personal and economic future. Thanks to this believe, as well as the material resources and industries of the realm, the debts of the state were diminished to a greater extent than those of France and the other smaller European polities. That is why this small second rate country could keep an old style government with different power institutions, which enabled the locals to behave as genuine Europeans avant-la-lettre.

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Cash, Eric. "H. G. Wells and social class during the pre-war years /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2005. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1268591441&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1185214180&clientId=22256.

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11

Osborne, Toby. "The diplomatic career of Abbot Scaglia during the Thirty Years' War." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319127.

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Whitfield, Matthew. "Multi-storey public housing in Liverpool during the inter-war years." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555141.

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Abstract This thesis makes a critical assessment of the Liverpool Corporation's inter-war development of multi-storey housing schemes in the central core of the city. It sets these buildings in the wider context of their political and architectural rationale - locally, nationally and in relation to comparable European examples. In particular, it addresses the multiple aspects of the intellectual heritage that underpinned the conception and design of municipal multi-storey housing schemes in a period when, in England at least, they were notable by their rarity. The rationale for building flatted blocks with public money had its roots in the nineteenth century as a pragmatic response to Liverpool's problems of overcrowding and disease, the need for proximity to the casualised dockside economy, and high central land values. This multi-storey tradition was re-energised by the housing crisis after the First World War when the same pragmatic economic reasoning was reinforced by cross-party support for a self-consciously modern programme of flats. The political momentum was underscored by the presence of progressive council officers and the appointment of Lancelot Keay as Assistant Director of Housing in 1925, whose sympathies were with large-scale and rationally-conceived re-planning, to meet housing (and economic) need whilst creating a quality and scale of architecture which befitted Liverpool's ambitions of civic-minded building in a more welfare-inflected era. Also significant was the cultural capital bound up in connections with the Liverpool School of Architecture, which from the 1930s supplied the Housing Department with innovative young architects, as interns and junior staff mem bers. The architecture of the multi-storey schemes in Liverpool reflected significant trends in contemporary British and European architectural practice. In planning terms Lancelot Keay was a committed follower of Beaux Arts principles of grand, axial planning on a truly urban scale - a method also taught enthusiastically at the Liverpool School of Architecture under Charles Reilly. In the 1930s, the shift in style from Neo-Georgian to an expressionistic form of modernism under the creative input of graduates from the school such as John Hughes immensely influenced the Housing Department's practice, and examples of European municipal and trade union housing schemes were used to communicate the Corporation's ambitions for a truly modern conception of how the city's re-housing should be planned. With flats at the centre of Liverpool's inter-war re-housing programme, both the city and Lancelot Keay rose to some degree of national prominence in the 1930s, as part of the ongoing professional and political debate on municipal housing in general and flats versus houses in particular. Keay was invited to sit on Ministry of Health committees that helped shape policy on the issue and numerous foreign delegations visited Liverpool's schemes. The legislative context and governmental systems of subsidy were never able to fully support Liverpool's ambitions for comprehensive multi-storey redevelopment, but it is clear from the scope of the city's proposals that it was like no other nationally in its promotion of flats as a desirable solution to the problem of the housing crisis; no comparable English cities of the period engaged to the same extent with a programmatic development of multi-storey schemes. Liverpool's flats attempted to create environments that were more than superficially modern, drawing inspiration from the communal social and recreational facilities of some European schemes. The Housing Department's work was characterised by implicit and explicit desires for modernity in multi-storey public housing, in design and ideological conception, and as such represented a highly significant early example of large-scale municipal modernism in public housing practice.

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Adlington, Hugh Christian. "John Donne and the Thirty Years' War : religion, diplomacy and law." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/john-donne-and-the-thirty-years-war--religion-diplomacy-and-law(ccb78ae3-8e43-436b-b6ad-15b5b475871b).html.

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Rose, Stephen. "Music, print and authority in Leipzig during the Thirty Years' War." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404388.

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Skabelund, Andrew G. "Governing Gorée: France in West Africa Following the Seven Years' War." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3655.

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In 1763, France had just suffered a devastating loss to the British in the Seven Years' War. In almost an instant, France's claims to West Africa shrank to the tiny island of Gorée off the coast of Senegal and a few trading posts on the mainland. This drastic reversal of fortunes forced France to reevaluate its place in the world and rethink its overall imperial objectives and colonial strategies, and in an effort to regroup, the French Empire sent a new governor, Pierre François Guillaume Poncet de la Rivière, on a mission to regain its foothold in West Africa. From this tiny island, France eventually succeeded in overturning its devastating losses and establishing itself as the dominant force in the region over the next two centuries, so deeply ingraining its influence into the core of West Africa that its imperial influence is still felt today.Despite France's future success, Poncet's tenure as governor was fraught with mismanagement and poor planning. Poncet believed he had the full backing of the Duc de Choiseul, but Poncet's excessive zeal, inability to effectively employ and listen to subordinates, and rash interactions with the British undermined the French presence in the region and ultimately led to his dismissal. Poncet's governorship sheds new light on Choiseul's goals for the Senegambia region and his underestimation of what it took to establish a strong presence.

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Ogwude, Emmanuel C. "Twelve Years Later: Afghan Humanitarian Aid Workers on War on Terror." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/24.

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Using narrative research study founded in social constructionism, I explored the lived experiences of thirty Afghan humanitarian aid workers in Kabul, Afghanistan, to discover how they experienced the war on terror. Ten participants were individually interviewed and their stories, personal experiences, perceptions, and voices have been presented in this study. I also facilitated a focus group of twenty Afghan NGO directors, and their views are echoed in the study. The participants represented a diversity of different humanitarian service specialties that cater to Afghan individuals, communities, and government agencies in areas such as education, human rights and good governance, food and shelter, to building bridges and infrastructural development. Based on a critical review of existing literature, the interviews addressed significant issues that affect humanitarian aid workers in complex political emergencies. I investigated the sociocultural contexts and structural conditions that enable and inform the personal narratives. There were six main themes that emerged from the participants’ narratives and each main theme had an average of three sub-themes. The resulting themes were: Security/Insecurity; Funding; Trust; Abandonment; Achievement; and Interventionism. From the analysis of the storied narratives of thirty Afghan humanitarian aid workers in Kabul, Afghanistan, this study was able to create better understanding of how conditions from the war on terror create high-risk environments that expose humanitarian aid workers to kidnappings and violent attacks.

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17

Roberts, Julia. "Towards a cultural history of archaeology : British archaeology between the Wars." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2005. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/towards-a-cultural-history-of-archaeology(689403e4-b24e-4158-ba82-0e1d5f06a114).html.

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Rodgers, Michael E. "NATO from shadow to substance--the formative years--insights for the 21st century." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Jun%5FRodgers.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2007.
Thesis Advisor(s): Donald Abenheim. "June 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-58). Also available in print.

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19

Oliphant, John Stuart. "Great Britain and the Cherokee Nation : war and peace on the Anglo-Cherokee frontier 1756-1763." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265823.

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20

Hotta, Eri. "The Fifteen Years' War : Pan-Asian ideology and Japanese expansionism, 1931-1945." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273083.

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21

Magennis, Eoin. "Politics and government in Ireland during the Seven Years War, 1756-63." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363033.

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22

Holmes, Deborah. "Ignazio Silone and 'das rote Zurich' : writing and internationalism in antifascist exile 1929-1939." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367776.

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Giles, Margaret Judith. "Something that bit better : working-class women, domesticity and 'respectability' 1919-1939." Thesis, University of York, 1989. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4234/.

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24

Grosjean, Alexia N. L. "Scots and the Swedish state : diplomacy, military service and ennoblement 1611-1660." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340593.

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This thesis re-evaluates the nature and impact of seventeenth-century Scottish-Swedish relations, as regards military, diplomatic and noble involvement during the Thirty Years' War and in terms of Scottish domestic political developments between 1638 and 1660. The innovative Scotland, Scandinavia and Northern Europe, 1580-1707 database forms an integral part of the statistical analysis comparing the significant Scottish military presence in both the Swedish army and navy to the paucity of English and Irish involvement. Sweden's re-emergence as an independent nation capable of militarily subduing and economically influencing Europe in the seventeenth century is traced from its early sixteenth century role as a minor northern dependent of the Scandinavian Kalmar union. This is contrasted with Scotland's gradual merging with England in a regal union where opportunities for social advancement, particularly through ennoblement, were reduced and new positions were sought abroad. Scottish success in entering the highest ranks of Swedish society is linked to the development of a strong and influential Scottish network in Sweden. With the waning of royal authority experienced in Sweden and Scotland during the second half of the 1630s, the nobility of both states grew very powerful. Scottish officers such as Alexander Leslie, Patrick Ruthven and John Cochrane returned to Scotland during the British civil wars and became linchpins of Scottish-Swedish contacts. The Gothenburg-based Scot John Maclean also helped to organise military support for various campaigns, from the Covenanters through to the later Stuart fight to re-instate Charles II to his British kingdoms. The return of monarchic power under Kristina in Sweden, and the rise of Cromwell and the power of the English Parliament in the Stuart kingdoms, had a detrimental impact on Scottish-Swedish relations. Despite this the Scottish network retained a pro-Stuart bias, and even in the region of Karl X, when direct Swedish relations with Scotland were restricted largely to military recruitment, Stuart support was still a motivating factor. However, by the restoration of Charles II the major characters involved in the heyday of Scottish-Swedish diplomatic relations had died or retired from political activities, and Sweden's attention remained firmly focused on the London-based power source of the Stuart kingdoms.

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Richardson, Michael John. "Industrial relations in the British printing industry between the wars." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261620.

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Charters, Erica M. "Disease, war, and the imperial state : the health of the British armed forces during the Seven Years War, 1756-63." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440644.

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Turner, C. J. "The discourse of the extreme right in France in the inter-war years." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373148.

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Gee, Austin. "English provincial newspapers and the politics of the Seven Years' War, 1756-1763." Thesis, University of Canterbury. History, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2091.

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This thesis examines the treatment of the national political events of the Seven Years' War by six provincial newspapers. It seeks to establish the connections between the reporting of those political issues and provincial political opinion. In doing so, it attempts to answer whether there existed a distinctive provincial 'political consciousness'. Only comment and reporting in provincial newspapers on national issues is studied, with reference to the reaction of some London newspapers to the same issues. Local politics are dealt with only incidentally. It is argued that to understand the significance of newspaper comment it is first necessary to take account of the limitations of the evidence: the way the newspapers were produced, the audience for which they were intended, and the potential size and breadth of that audience. The conclusion is drawn that a picture of provincial political opinion, although a distorted one, can be formed from the contents of the newspapers. Those contents show that the six papers differed significantly from their metropolitan counterparts only in few instances, and that generally they presented what can be described as an 'opposition version of politics'. Nevertheless, signs of the emergence of provincial political independence are apparent in the provincial newspapers of the war period. It is suggested further that this growing articulacy points to the emergence of a distinctive provincial political identity. These conclusions add to the wider view of national politics in the l750s and l760s. There is evidence for the survival of local political divisions on party lines in provincial cities at a time when it has been suggested party divisions had disappeared in high politics. Additionally, the evidence of the six newspapers supports the picture of the growth of a wider 'political nation' during the 1750s and its active and independent interest in political issues before the Wilkes and North American stamp tax controversies of the 1760s.

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Morgan, H. "The outbreak of the Nine Years War : Ulster in Irish politics, 1583-96." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377205.

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Forbes, Adeline. "No resolution tension & truth in Cherríe Moraga's Loving in the War Years /." Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/lib/digcoll/undergraduate/honors-theses/244567.

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31

Ward, Matthew Charles. "La guerre sauvage: The Seven Years' War on the Virginia and Pennsylvania frontier." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623829.

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The Seven Years' War on the Virginia and Pennsylvania frontier was a devastating struggle. About two thousand colonists died, almost as many were captured, and tens of thousands fled for safety in the east. The British and their colonists proved unable to mount an effective military defence: colonial forces proved unfit for warfare in the frontier environment and military efforts resulted only in intense discord between civil and military authorities. as a result of the destruction of the raids both Virginia and Pennsylvania were unable to contribute to the war effort in the northern theater, on the St. Lawrence, Lake Champlain, and Acadia.;The French and their Indian allies achieved this success with few resources. The French were unable to commit over a few hundred men to the Ohio Valley, while the Indians experienced an acute shortage of arms and supplies caused by the disruption of their traditional trading network. to achieve their success the French and their Indian allies did not raid randomly, but with an intentional strategy and with specific targets.;The Indians who fought on both sides, fought, not as European pawns, but with their own specific war-aims: the Susquehanna Delawares sought independence from Iroquois overlordship; the Cherokees joined the Virginians in an attempt to break the South Carolinian control of their trade; the Ohio Indians struggled to keep European settlements out of the Ohio Valley.;Eventual success for the British in the theater was achieved not by the superiority of their forces in the theater--in each regular battle British troops were routed, at Fort Necessity, Braddock's Field, and Major Grant's defeat outside Fort Duquesne in 1758--but through attrition caused by British superiority in other theaters. In particular British naval superiority deprived the French, and in turn their Indian allies, of needed supplies.

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Linzy, T. J. "Military honour, the British Army and American Indians in the Sixty Years' War." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/military-honour-the-british-army-and-american-indians-in-the-sixty-years-war(5b213b23-b43c-4f65-a325-d6b0f6bb3542).html.

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Prior to 1755, British-American colonial forces and American Indians (hereinafter Indians) predominantly conducted the military campaigns in the North American theatre of European conflicts. From 1755 to 1815, however, the British Army itself became heavily engaged and had to consider its use of Indians as allies or auxiliaries. Indian War customs, such as torture, mutilation and killing of prisoners and civilians, were at odds with an emerging, although uneven, consensus against these practices in Europe. Therefore, British officials often had to decide if the use of Indians was compatible with their concept of military honour. The purpose of this inquiry is to determine whether the British concept of military honour hindered the effective use of Indians in the era of the Sixty Years' War (l755-1815). The author will attempt to persuade the reader that it did and it ultimately cost the British Empire its direct control of, then even its influence in, the American midwest.

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King, Sarah Jane. "Girls' vocational training schools in London : a study of the inter-war years." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 1994. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6447/.

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The state education system of the inter-war years was characterised by the three crucial divisions of social class, ability and gender. It was the non-academic working class girl who was most disadvantaged by those divisions and who has been most ignored by educational policymakers and, indeed, by historians. That disadvantage was most apparent in the debate about vocational training for paid employment which marked these years. The controversy between the proponents of liberal and vocational education was of special significance for girls because of the frequently expressed argument that a girl had a single vocation - homemaking and domesticity. As the economy was restructured and women were drawn into the new consumer industries, the crucial dilemma of whether education should enable girls to enlarge their opportunities in paid employment or whether it should continue to orientate girls towards the domestic role had to be addressed. It is the educational policy and practices resulting from that tension between domesticity and productivity which this thesis will examine. Its focus will be the elementary and technical schools of London. The London County Council adopted a consciously progressive technical education programme during the inter-war years. This local study will therefore elucidate trends in the policy, practice and experience of girls' vocational schooling. It will be suggested that policy reflected the coexistence of patriarchy and capitalism. Class intersected with gender to result in a situation where schools trained girls to be cheap, unskilled workers in certain women's trades. Educational policy was constrained by the desire to preserve conventional domestic roles intact and a belief that working class girls could be defmed by their gender as a homogeneous group undistinguished by aptitude or ability. The assumption was made that girls would engage only temporarily in paid employment before returning to their true vocations as wives and mothers. Thus vocational schooling provides a concrete expression of inter-war gender ideology. The Introduction sets out the theoretical framework upon which this thesis is based. Chapter Two will provide an examination of the political, economic and social context in which educational policy was made. The third chapter analyses domestic studies' courses, the most explicit formulation of how schools prepared girls for their adult role. Chapters Four and Five focus on the Junior Technical and Central Schools, illustrating how schooling within them epitomised assumptions, prejudices and ideologies about girls' education during the inter-war years.

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Jenkins, J. E. G. "Educational developments in the Isle of Man in the inter-war years 1920-1939." Thesis, University of Hull, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233968.

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Clouston, Victoria J. "The poetics of hermeticism : André Breton's shift towards the occult in the War years." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2012. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/be8dc992-df76-4aa0-9233-943db00d8e5b/1/.

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André Breton, leader of the Surrealist movement, which he had founded with others in 1924 in the wake of the First World War, left Nazi-occupied France in 1941. Sailing from Marseilles, with an enforced three week stop in Martinique while waiting for onward passage, he chose to carry the spirit of Surrealism into ‘exile’ in the United States until 1946, rather than risk its extinction by remaining in war-torn Europe. Following his journey into exile, this thesis traces the trajectory of Breton’s thought and poetic output of 1941–1948, studying the major works written during those years and following his ever deeper research into hermeticism, myth and the occult in his quest for “un mythe nouveau” for the post-war world. Having abandoned political action on leaving the Communist Party in 1935, he nonetheless remained preoccupied with political thought, searching to find a means of creating a better society for a shattered post-war world, while at the same time maintaining a close connection between art and life. Realizing that any political system would inflect Surrealism to its own ends, Breton sought to find a means of achieving his aim through a return to the role of the ‘poet-mage’ of Romanticism. We follow the poet on his quest during these years, revealing his in-depth exploration of the tenets of Romanticism in which he discovers the roots of Surrealism, demonstrating also how he was affected by his re-reading of Victor Hugo, with whom he identifies to a certain extent during his time in exile. We study his poetic output of these years, in which we follow from their earliest stages indications of the shift in direction, away from political action towards hermeticism and the occult. On his return to France in 1946, we see Breton come under sustained attack from his detractors for his journey into hermeticism. Undaunted, he holds to his course, apparently unaware of his misreading of the spirit of the time. Although Surrealism is far from dead, its leader seems from this time to lose his creative inspiration and while his writing continues, his poetic output dwindles to almost nothing. However, even some years after Breton’s death, Julien Gracq predicts that it is “no longer unreasonable to imagine [...] that one day Surrealism will have an heir, a movement whose form we cannot predict”.

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Ryan, Daniel Martin. "A Historical Analysis of Women Student Activities during the Inter War Years 1918 -1941." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/968.

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The study of women in higher education has been compartmentalized from the overall history of higher education. Educational historians continue to influence future discovery on the higher education of women by continuing to reinforce the master narrative of women in history. Acknowledging and confronting the master narrative within the history of higher education provides a useful endeavor by uncovering a deeper understanding of the history of the United States and educational systems. The challenge of continuing to be open to new perspectives of history will allow educators, policymakers and the general public to contribute to a better understanding about how education contributes in the journey for discovery.

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Ryan, Dorothy. "A study of Vietnam combat veteran's perception toward depression: Ten years after the war." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2038.

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White, Barry. "State intervention in technology in the post war years: case studies in technology policy." Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/11858/.

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This thesis is concerned with the means by which the state in Britain has attempted to influence the technological development of private industry in the period 1945-1979. Particular emphasis is laid on assessing the abilities of technology policy measures to promote innovation. With that objective, the innovation literature is selectively reviewed to draw up an analytical framework to evaluate the innovation content of policy (Chapter 2). Technology policy is taken to consist of the specific measures utilised by government and its agents that affect the technological behaviour of firms. The broad sweep of policy during the period under consideration is described in Chapter 3 which concentrates on elucidating its institutional structure and the activities of the bodies involved. The empirical core of the thesis consists of three parallel case studies of policy toward the computer, machine tool and textile machinery industries (Chapters 4-6). The studies provide detailed historical accounts of the development and composition of policy, relating it to its specific institutional and industrial contexts. Each reveals a different pattern and level of state intervention. The thesis concludes with a comparative review of the findings of the case studies within a discussion centred on the arguments presented in Chapter 2. Topics arising include the state's differential support for the range of activities involved in innovation, the location of state-funded R&D, the encouragement of supplier-user contact, and the difficulties raised in adoption and diffusion.

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Rohrschneider, Michael. "Der gescheiterte Frieden von Münster Spaniens Ringen mit Frankreich auf dem Westfälischen Friedenskongress (1643-1649) /." Münster : Aschendorff, 2007. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/76949449.html.

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Khan, K. "Psychiatric morbidity amongst ex Far East prisoners of war more than thirty years after repatriation." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381265.

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Foster, Darren Paul. "Foreign heroes and Catholic villains : radical Protestant propaganda of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3837.

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My dissertation examines radical Protestant propaganda of the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648). It investigates the radicals’ depiction of foreign allies of the German Protestants as well as the presentation of German Catholic leaders in pamphlets and broadsheets of the war. Through analysis of representative sources portraying Prince Bethlen Gabor of Transylvania and King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, it examines the arguments used to gain support for foreign Protestant figureheads among the moderates of the Protestant camp. The dissertation also investigates the presentation of Emperor Ferdinand II and Duke Maximilian of Bavaria in order to determine how propagandists denounced German Catholic rulers as no longer worthy of German Protestant allegiance or tolerance. My conclusion demonstrates how radical propagandists sought to change moderate Protestant attitudes towards German Catholic rulers and foreign allies through a cohesive and sophisticated campaign.

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O'Neill, James Joseph. "Irish warfare in the age of the military revolution : the 'Nine Years War', 1593-1603." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602789.

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The 'Nine Years War' in Ireland saw violence and upheaval which brought the authority of the English crown to the point of collapse, but also resulted in the completion of the Tudor conquest and the eradication of native Irish laws and social order. This thesis examines the conduct and impact of the Nine Years War in the context of military transformations occurring in continental Europe. The effects of the modernising influences of the 'military revolution' on the native Irish military are explored, and also the reciprocal development and response of the forces of the English crown. This is achieved by studying the war at strategic, operational and tactical levels, the role of combat, the methodology and equipment used and development of doctrine. Furthermore the increased intensity of war precipitated higher levels of brutality and civilian victimisation. Therefore this study examines the role and extent of atrocity and aggression against civilians in Ireland and compares this with the experience of war in contemporary Europe. Key issues engaged with are the strategy behind both Irish and English campaigns, the degree to which the war can be considered a guerrilla war, the use of fortifications by the Irish, and the fatal weaknesses in the forces raised by O'Neill and his confederates. In addition non-combat characteristics of the war are examined such as the native economy, manufacturing, the command and control of military forces, and Irish military logistics. Detailed examination of the course and key moments of the war provides significant insight into attitudes in early modem Ireland with regards to modernisation, innovation and the social relationships between the native Irish, and the Old English and New English.

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Hill, Barry Keith. "The levels and effects of unemployment in Birmingham during the inter-war years : 1919-1939." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368646.

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Whetham, David Glenn. "Unorthodox warfare in the Age of Chivalry : surprise and deception in the Hundred Years War." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/unorthodox-warfare-in-the-age-of-chivalry--surprise-and-deception-in-the-hundred-years-war(8393808c-543f-4941-a498-64df63aa074a).html.

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Milcoy, Katharine. "Image and reality : working-class teenage girls' leisure in Bermondsey during the inter-war years." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340772.

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Balachandran, G. "Indian monetary policy and the international liquidity crisis during the inter-war years (1919-1939)." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1989. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28452/.

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This thesis examines the multi-lateral considerations that, in our view, underlay the formulation of monetary policy in India in the period between the two world wars. During and after the First World War, Britain faced a severe liquidity crisis. We argue that monetary policy in India was formulated to take account of this crisis. Traditionally, India was a large absorber of gold on the non-monetary account. The persistent aim of British monetary policy in the Indian context during the entire interwar period was that of not allowing India to set up a monetary demand for gold in addition to her non-monetary demand for it and secondly, through deflationary policies (including exchange rate adjustments), to limit India's non-monetary gold demands to the minimum. Indian gold exports during the depression, which gave room for manoeuvre in the management of the sterling after September 1931, were a logical sequel to this policy. The British liquidity crisis in this period took the form of her current account surpluses being inadequate to support a high level of overseas lending. Besides, in an uncertain financial environment, Britain was a large short-term debtor as the British bank rate acted as much to increase her short-term liabilities as it did by calling in her short-term assets. The British desire to return to gold at the pre-1914 parity required domestic deflation which itself was a matter of severe political contention. In the circumstances, Britain hoped her return to gold would be accomplished by a US inflation and US export of capital. Compounding this situation was the thinly veiled fear, in Britain, of the erosion of the key currency role of the sterling and the loss of its global financial leadership to the USA. Control over Indian monetary policy and its outcome proved valuable to Britain in this environment.

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Nall, Catherine R. "The production and reception of military texts in the aftermath of the Hundred Years War." Thesis, University of York, 2004. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10956/.

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Sygkelos, Ioannis. "Nationalism from the left : the case of the Bulgarian Communist Party during the Second World War and the early post-war years (1942-1948)." Thesis, Kingston University, 2005. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20240/.

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Berg, Holger. "Military Occupation under the Eyes of the Lord. Studies in Erfurt during the Thirty Years War." Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2008. http://d-nb.info/998910236/04.

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au, rachaelkitchens@optusnet com, and Rachael Maree Kitchens. "Parenthood and Civilisation: An Analysis of Parenting Discourses Produced in Australia in the Inter-War Years." Murdoch University, 2010. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20100106.152328.

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This thesis investigates parent education literature produced in Australia in the inter-war years. This period saw the emergence of various organisations concerned to safeguard and protect the health and well-being of children. For example, infant health clinics were established in most states, kindergarten associations were active in promoting early childhood education, and the mental hygiene movement gained a foothold in Australia. These associations engaged in parent education activities and produced a growing volume of literature. This literature contained instructions relating to various aspects of child care. Initially, advice was directed towards the management of health, but increasingly, information was provided on guiding child behaviour. Although the care of children was the main focus of this literature, it had wider implications. Authors provided comment on the emotional structure of family life and the patterning of parent-child relationships. Importantly, this literature contained advice for parents in relation to the management of their own personal care and conduct. This thesis contends that these discourses can be explained in relation to long-term changes in the history of childhood and the family, which are connected to particular developments in the structuring of social life that Norbert Elias describes as the civilizing process. In particular, it is argued that the growing distance between children and adults, and the positioning of the family as the primary site for regulating, or civilizing the behaviour of children, can help to explicate the increasing emphasis placed on parent education in the inter-war years. This thesis also demonstrates how an Eliasian analysis, which emphasises long-term unintended processes of change, provides an alternative to Marxist, feminist, and Foucaultian approaches that focus on social control.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'War years'

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