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1

Kudumovic, Lana. "The experience of post-war reconstruction: the case of built heritage in Bosnia." Open House International 45, no. 3 (August 26, 2020): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-05-2020-0038.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenges and justification of the reconstruction of built heritage in Bosnia. This paper also debates the effect of setting up a close relationship between reconstruction and reconciliation, suggesting that the reconstruction of the built environment in the period of post-war recovery provided a foundation for reconciliation. Design/methodology/approach Throughout history, in the face of various disasters, world encountered the challenge of reconstruction. In the past decade of the 20th century, just such a challenge was the war in Bosnia. After the war, reconstruction and reconciliation took place, with a focus on reestablishing a normal way of life, the return of displaced people, and the reconnection of broken bonds, as well as the rehabilitation of heritage assets. Findings This paper elaborates on how reconstructions were guided by the aims of reconciliation and its justifications. Regarding the technical aspects of these reconstruction projects, an overview comprising several case studies is presented to help elucidate two levels of physical intervention. The first of these levels concerns the reconstruction of single structures and the second concerns the reconstruction of historic centers. War memorials are considered to be a third level of intervention. Originality/value The selected cases presented here confirm the existence of the relationship between post-war reconstruction and reconciliation. This paper also assesses the efficiency of the reconstruction of Bosnia’s built heritage in terms of authenticity and overall post-war recovery.
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2

Bhandari, Prem Singh, Mrinal Kanti Mukherjee, and Sanjay Maurya. "Reconstructive challenges in war wounds." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 45, no. 02 (May 2012): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.101316.

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ABSTRACTWar wounds are devastating with extensive soft tissue and osseous destruction and heavy contamination. War casualties generally reach the reconstructive surgery centre after a delayed period due to additional injuries to the vital organs. This delay in their transfer to a tertiary care centre is responsible for progressive deterioration in wound conditions. In the prevailing circumstances, a majority of war wounds undergo delayed reconstruction, after a series of debridements. In the recent military conflicts, hydrosurgery jet debridement and negative pressure wound therapy have been successfully used in the preparation of war wounds. In war injuries, due to a heavy casualty load, a faster and reliable method of reconstruction is aimed at. Pedicle flaps in extremities provide rapid and reliable cover in extremity wounds. Large complex defects can be reconstructed using microvascular free flaps in a single stage. This article highlights the peculiarities and the challenges encountered in the reconstruction of these ghastly wounds.
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Scott, Gregory Adam. "Reconstructing Buddhist Monasteries in Post-Taiping China." Ming Qing Yanjiu 23, no. 2 (December 10, 2019): 165–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340037.

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Abstract The Taiping War (1850–1864) destroyed tens, perhaps hundreds of thousands of religious sites across China. In the wake of the destruction, Buddhist and other religious leaders led reconstruction campaigns to rebuild temples and monasteries that had been destroyed. This article examines some general trends in the post-Taiping religious reconstruction, and looks at a few case studies of well-known Buddhist monasteries that were rebuilt in the years following the war. I argue that not only was the post-war reconstruction a lively and energetic process, but that it helped to shape Buddhist religious culture long after the first phase of reconstructions were completed. Reconstruction was not simply a return to the status quo ante bellum, but rather an opportunity to introduce change into what was normally a highly stable system.
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McCartin, Joseph A. "Abortive Reconstruction: Federal War Labor Policies, Union Organization, and the Politics of Race, 1917–1920." Journal of Policy History 9, no. 2 (April 1997): 155–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600005911.

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During the early months of 1919, the term “Reconstruction,” of concern to few but historians and the friends and foes of D.W. Griffith in the years immediately preceding the Great War, was again on the lips of Americans. Alabama State Federation of Labor President, William L. Harrison, noted that “Since the signing of the Armistice, and the cessation of hostilities, the questions of reconstruction and re-adjustment are being diligently studied by the people generally.” Out of the war, he argued, came “new and progressive ideas on reconstruction.” He was right. As the war ended, dozens of books and articles bearing titles like Reconstructing America, Democracy and Reconstruction, and Social Reconstruction joined a new journal called Reconstruction: A Herald of the New Time. This literature celebrated the role that a strong federal government had played in helping workers secure the right to join unions during the war, and it laid out hopeful plans for what the government might do to solve the “labor question” after the war. Such ideas helped convince Harrison's counterpart, Florida State Federation of Labor President John H. Mackey, that the postwar era would bring “a silver ray which carries with it wondrous tidings for the uplift of the masses.”
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5

Petkovic, Aleksandar, Srbobran Trenkic, Goran Stevanovic, Zoran Rancic, Zoran Golubovic, Miodrag Dinic, and Dragan Krasic. "Fasciocutaneous flaps in the management of soft-tissue defects of the lower leg caused by explosive weapons." Vojnosanitetski pregled 61, no. 1 (2004): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0401077p.

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The use of fasciocutaneous flaps for the reconstruction of lower leg soft-tissue defects inflicted during the bombing of our country is presented in this case report. The experience with 9 patients with soft-tissue defects of the lower leg is presented with the aim of examining the possibilities of war-wound reconstruction. The results of the earlier use of fasciocutaneous flaps in the lower leg reconstruction as well as the those obtained during the reconstruction of the lower leg soft-tissue defects in war wounds was proven to be safe and reliable method of the reconstructions of severe lower leg injuries, particularly of its distal segment and the malleolus region.
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6

Ranney, Joseph A. "A Fool’s Errand? Legal Legacies of Reconstruction in Two Southern States." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 9, no. 1 (October 2022): 1–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v9.i1.1.

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This Article examines several legal aspects of Reconstruction. It first looks at how the Texas and North Carolina supreme courts helped mediate the transition from a pre-war to a post-war society. Were the courts composed of unconditional Unionists, Conservatives, or a mix? Did they try to help the people of their states accept slav- ery's demise or did they aggravate the sting of defeat? A closely related issue is how Reconstruction lawmakers adjusted the legal rights of blacks following the abolition of slavery. Did they leave a permanent imprint on civil rights law or did they confirm Tourgee's judgment that Reconstruction was ultimately a "fool's errand"?' The Article next examines state constitutional history, which is also necessary for a full understanding of Reconstruction's legal legacy. North Carolina's Reconstruction constitution encompassed not only racial reforms but also a variety of attempts to catch up with social and economic reforms enacted in other parts of the nation before the war. Texas's Reconstruction constitution did the same, albeit to a lesser extent, because Texas had already adopted some of the social and economic reforms in question before the war. Texas enacted a new constitution at the end of Reconstruction and North Carolina added extensive amendments to its constitution at the end of Reconstruction, but both states stopped far short of eradicating all Reconstruction-era constitutional reforms. The Article next examines the evolution of economic law in Texas and North Carolina during the Reconstruction era. Reconstruction had profound economic as well as political consequences for the South. A new agricultural labor system had to be developed to replace slavery. Lawmakers had to arrange an orderly transition from the Confederate financial system back to the federal system and respond to problems arising out of the widespread poverty and debt created by the war. By 1865, the Industrial Revolution was well underway in the North, and the Southern states had to decide whether to shape their legal systems to follow suit or to preserve their rural, agricultural pre-war character. Lastly, the Article examines changes in married women's property rights law during Reconstruction. Many Southern women gained an "experience of self-sufficiency during the war [that] opened the door a crack to the 'strong-minded' women." This fact, together with a desire to alleviate post-war economic distress by protecting family assets from creditors, led several ex-Confederate states, including North Carolina, to expand married women's property rights during Reconstruction. Other Confederate states, including Texas, had been leaders in the married women's property rights movement before the war and therefore experienced less change in this area during Reconstruction.
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7

Ginty, Roger Mac. "The pre-war reconstruction of post-war Iraq." Third World Quarterly 24, no. 4 (August 2003): 601–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0143659032000105777.

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8

Rollins, Peter C. "The Civil War and Reconstruction." Journal of American Culture 27, no. 1 (March 2004): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-4726.2004.121_1.x.

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9

Larkham, Peter J. "Replanning post-war Birmingham." Architectura 46, no. 1 (December 30, 2016): 2–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2016-0002.

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AbstractThe problems and opportunities of post-war reconstruction in the UK are well demonstrated by the city of Birmingham, although what happened there is hardly typical of the country overall. The city was badly bombed, although damage was diffuse. Unusually, no formal ›reconstruction plan‹ was produced because city managers distrusted ›big plans‹, and because there were existing slum clearance plans and ring road aspirations. A new ring road and precinct developments dominated the rebuilt city centre, though the development process was slow and generated very mixed public responses. The architectural and urban forms created were also mixed, but concrete and brutalism reshaped the city’s image. Some of the buildings have not lasted well and were redeveloped after relatively short lives, and the technocentric, car-dominated approach has also failed, with sections of ring road also being redeveloped. This paper demonstrates that even a determined, single-minded approach to reconstruction takes decades to implement; and that changes in fashion and society may very quickly render that reconstruction obsolete
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10

Jelínková, Martina. "Restorations in post-war period." Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2021-0023.

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Abstract The choice of the monument care methodology depends not only on the preference of the author of the restoration or the opinion of a professional monument commission, but also on the state in which the historic building is and historical stages it developed through. After the Second World War, much of the architectural historical heritage in the territory of the former Czechoslovakia was devastated, and the then professional society faced challenges of how to restore and preserve these destroyed buildings. The following article explains the starting points and selected methods of post-war monument care on the example of three churches in the former Czechoslovakia. Buildings selected for comparison originated in approximately the same epoch, underwent a rather complex building developments, and the extent of their damage was also similar. Specifically, we focus on the Church of St. Catherine of Alexandria in Handlová, the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Bíňa and the Church of the Virgin Mary and the Holy Slavic Patrons in Prague. Although the three compared cases show similarities, different restoration methodologies were used. The majority opinion of the then professional public tended towards reconstructing historic buildings to the state before their destruction, as is also evident in the cases being compared. Nevertheless, each of the churches is restored with some deviations from the original condition. In the case of the church in Bíňa, we follow traces of a purist reconstruction, in Prague we witness a restoration by indicative reconstruction, also applied in Handlová, where, moreover, the methodology of reconstruction to the state before destruction was completely abandoned. Our ambition is to point out the diversity of opinion in the care of monuments, which at that time saw a change in paradigm and began to accept authors’ new inputs while preserving the historical essence of the building.
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Horváth-Csikós, Gabriella, and Samir Zaien. "The role of international organizations in the reconstruction of countries affected by war." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 2 (August 2019): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2019.2.1.

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There is no doubt that post-conflict situations call for physical reconstruction. However, a well-developed civil society along with independent media, reliable police and judiciary are equally essential to physical reconstruction for obtaining sustainable economic growth and stability. Reconstruction in post-conflict situations must go beyond the technical aspects of reconstructing infrastructure and services. It also, essentially, should include a human factor contributing to the reintegration of people into civil society. The role of international NGOs will be accomplished when the governmental structures supported by civil society are completely able to take over their tasks with credibility (e.g. political and economic willingness, impartiality and accountability) and feasibility (specific capabilities and professionalism). The aim of the paper is to show the role of international organisations in the reconstruction process of the countries affected by war. In the summary the authors conclude that the role of international organisations acting as a ‘puzzle’ and having a certain piece of the picture could rather lead to devastation and not to reconstruction.
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VESELOVSKAYA, Elizaveta. "WHAT DID OUR ANCESTORS LOOK LIKE? OR, THE CAPABILITIES OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION." LIFE OF THE EARTH 43, no. 3 (August 25, 2021): 347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2439.0514-7468.2020_43_3/347-360.

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Anthropological Reconstruction Laboratory of the Center for Physical Anthropology, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS. The article relates the current state of the M.M. Gerasimov Laboratory of Anthropological Reconstruction of the Center for Physical Anthropology, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences. Emphasizing the role of the founder of the method of face reconstruction from the skull, the author discusses the latest improvements to this method. The data bank on the thickness of the facial integument in representatives of various ethnic groups, and the accumulated experience with regard to the relationships between facial features and the underlying structures of the skull, made it possible to create a program of craniofacial correspondence ‘The Algorithm of Appearance’, which significantly improves the process of reconstructing in vivo appearance based on the skull. The visual reconstruction of the appearance is supplemented by an anthropological description of the lifetime appearance, in terms of the ‘verbal portrait’ used in forensic science. A description of a unique collection of more than 300 sculptural and graphic portraits made on the basis of the skulls of ancient people and historical figures is given. Based on the examples of specific projects, the possibilities of anthropological reconstruction for solving applied and theoretical problems of science are shown. The reconstruction of the appearance of soldiers killed in the Second World War is the key patriotic direction of the Laboratory s work. Based on the results of these reconstructions, several fi were identifi Th Laboratory is currently at work on reconstructing the lifetime appearance of A.V. Suvorov on the basis of a death mask.
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13

Taylor, Robert A., and Canter Brown Jr. "Tampa in Civil War and Reconstruction." Journal of Southern History 68, no. 3 (August 2002): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3070205.

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14

Jacoby, Tim. "Hegemony, Modernisation and Post-war Reconstruction*." Global Society 21, no. 4 (October 2007): 521–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600820701562751.

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15

McKinney, G. B. "Andrew Johnson's Civil War and Reconstruction." Journal of American History 99, no. 1 (May 22, 2012): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jas137.

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16

Stuart Macintyre. "Women's Leadership in War and Reconstruction." Labour History, no. 104 (2013): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5263/labourhistory.104.0065.

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17

Green, R. "Widening horizons in post‐war reconstruction." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 4, no. 1 (March 1995): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09653569510079023.

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18

Stanec, Zdenko, Sanda Skrbic, Ivo Dzepina, Davor Hulina, Radojko Ivrlac, Josip Unusic, Djordje Montani, and Ivan Prpic. "High-Energy War Wounds: Flap Reconstruction." Annals of Plastic Surgery 31, no. 2 (August 1993): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199308000-00001.

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19

Onyejekwe, Chineze J. "Women, War, Peace-building and Reconstruction." International Social Science Journal 57, no. 184 (June 2005): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2451.2005.550.x.

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20

Tinkler, R. "The Yellowhammer War: The Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama." Journal of American History 102, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jav288.

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21

Horrocks, Sally. "World War II, Post-war Reconstruction and British Women Chemists." Ambix 58, no. 2 (July 2011): 150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174582311x13008456751026.

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22

Дарья, Веселкова, and Веселовская Елизавета. "СЛУЧАЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ОСТАНКОВ СОЛДАТА, ПОГИБШЕГО В ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЕ." Российский журнал физической антропологии, no. 2 (August 29, 2022): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2782-5000/2022-2-2/47-64.

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A series of graphic reconstructions was made based on the materials from the military-historical expedition “Volkhovsky front. Apraksin”, which took place in 2019 Later, the reconstructions were published on the World Wide Web. The authors of this article received a request from Shamsutdinovaya A.R., who iden-tified her great-grandfather, Shamsutdinov S. Sh., in the graphic reconstruction made on the skull of individual No. 86-1.1. The authors carried out a comparative analysis of the photos of Shamsutdinov S. Sh. with the graphic reconstruction and the skull No. 86-1.1. The comparison was carried out in accordance with the algorithm of craniofacial correspondence (Balueva, Veselovskaya, 2004; Vesel-ovskaya, Balueva, 2012; Veselovskaya, 2018) and the method of photograph-ic superimposition (Medico-criminalistic identification..., 2000). The analysis showed the correspondence of most of the considered parameters of the face and the scientific graphic reconstruction and gave a positive result of photographic superimposition of the face and skull images. According to the obtained data, it was concluded that there is a high probability that the remains No. 86-1.1 belongs to Shamsutdinov S. Sh., the probability of expert error is 0.00825 (based on mod-ern data), of 0.022 (based on data from 1939)
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Ćorović, Adi, and Ahmed Obralić. "Restoration of the cultural heritage sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina as the basis for intercultural dialogue and development of tourism." Turizam 25, no. 3 (2021): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/turizam25-30494.

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This study deals with the buildings and sites destroyed during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, mostly carrying cultural and historical importance. In the last two decades in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there has been an actual reconstruction or restoration of cultural heritage, some of which have been included on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Indeed, "facsimile" reconstruction is often the case, based on the concept "as it was, where it was". Citizens of other faiths and nationalities have often given material and/or moral support to the reconstruction of "different" religious sites, confirming the thesis that they associate one part of their identity with "different". It was the first major war in Europe after World War II, where a great number of cultural goods were destroyed as symbols related to the identities of entire nations. Therefore, the response related to the reconstructions was similar to Europe's response after 1945 and represented a contribution to reconciliation, alleviation of collective trauma, and the development of intercultural dialogue and tourism. The study included an observation method for data collection. Based on conducted observations, the archival method was used for the investigation of documents and textual material, finding data inform of historical documents on architects, designers, the purpose of the settings, constructions, reconstructions, their interaction with areas, proofs on heritage values, and significance for the tourism of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A ll the aforementioned confirms the thesis that from today's perspective, the restored or reconstructed areas are the bearers of intercultural dialogue and the tourist potential of local communities and that reconstruction as the method has a very big role in the peace-building process.
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Omilanowska, Małgorzata. "Architectural Reconstructions in post-war Poland." Architectura 46, no. 1 (December 30, 2016): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2016-0003.

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AbstractThe article is an attempt at identifying the positive and negative effect the decisions to reconstruct monuments made immediately following the end of World War II and that of reconstructing Warsaw’s Royal Castle made 25 years after the war had on the perception of monuments and the historical value of the urban tissue. It is in this perspective that the reconstruction cases performed in Poland after 1989 (namely after the collapse of Communism) and their social impact are analyzed. The examples which are both negative: falsifying historical knowledge and insulting aesthetical criteria, as well as positive: manifesting high instructive values, are pointed to. Moreover, the question is asked how it is possible that in the 21st century people are attracted to the idea of reconstructing monuments which were not destroyed in the course of World War II, but significantly earlier. In Poland, for instance, a political idea has been recently conceived to reconstruct several dozen mediaeval castles ruined in the 17th century
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Mirisaee, Seyed Mehdi, and Yahaya Ahmad. "Post-war tourism as an urban reconstruction strategy case study: Khorramshahr." International Journal of Tourism Cities 4, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-07-2017-0039.

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Purpose Tourism development has been perceived as a promoter of city restoration and can also affect the post-war city reconstruction. Questions on how to reconstruct ruined buildings and urban areas through a post-war tourism-oriented approach based on the expectations of residents and tourists profound answers. The purpose of this paper is to adopt the sequential mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) with purposive sampling which is a non-probability method to investigate tourism-oriented approaches in the reconstruction of buildings and landmarks as the core components of urban tourism. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted the sequential mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) to investigate tourism-oriented approaches in the reconstruction of buildings and landmarks as the core components of urban tourism. Findings The findings of the study point that the preferred strategy for the reconstruction of damaged symbolic building is the preservation of the war effects in regard maintaining the buildings’ history to be considered by urban policy makers, urban designers, and authorities. Research limitations/implications The constraint was associated with the time-consuming nature of this type of research. Original documents of the research context and all the interview data were in the Persian language, making the translating process a time-consuming matter. Furthermore, data collection in the area located near the Iran-Iraq border (500 meters) presented a number of security caveats as limitations. Originality/value The research found a majority of tourists and the residents preferred tourism zone where the combination of post-war and natural attraction across riverside area. In other word, most considerable post-war attractions are those that combined with the appeal of the other tourism potentials like eco-leisure tourism. The preferred strategy for the reconstruction of damaged building reconstruction as post-war tourism attractions is the preservation of the war effects in regard maintaining the buildings history rather than reconstruction as the most likely to pre-war conditions with less attention paid to the war effects.
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Zhang, Xinping, and Jiawei Dai. "China’s Involvement in Syria’s Postwar Reconstruction." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 06, no. 03 (January 2020): 267–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740020500165.

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After years of war and chaos, the situation in Syria has stabilized with the active intervention of external forces, providing necessary conditions for national reconstruction. Security reconstruction, economic recovery, and political reconciliation will be the three key areas in post-civil war rebuilding. As an important node country along the Belt and Road Initiative, Syria’s urgent need for reconstruction makes it possible for China to play a larger role. Deeper Chinese involvement in postwar reconstruction will not only help restore political and economic order in a war-torn country and its neighborhood, but also improve Beijing’s image as a responsible stakeholder. At the same time, Beijing may find a bumpy road ahead as great power rivalry, Syria’s factional politics and weak economic foundation, and regional terrorism will pose significant challenges. While economic reconstruction should be the focus of Beijing’s efforts, China should also not lose sight of the role it can play in facilitating national political reconciliation in Syria.
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Pollak, Andrew N., James R. Ficke, and Extremity War Injuries. "Extremity War Injuries: Challenges in Definitive Reconstruction." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 16, no. 11 (November 2008): 628–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5435/00124635-200811000-00003.

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Robertson, Alex, and Colin Lees. "CHAPTER 1: War and reconstruction, 1914-26." Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 84, no. 1-2 (March 2002): 15–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/bjrl.84.1-2.3.

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Lozanovska, Mirjana. "Ontology Of Building in War and Reconstruction." Architectural Theory Review 7, no. 1 (April 2002): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13264820209478449.

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Smith, John David. "Whither Kentucky Civil War and Reconstruction Scholarship?" Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 112, no. 2 (2014): 223–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/khs.2014.0085.

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Jhazbhay, Iqbal. "Somaliland's post-war reconstruction: Rubble to rebuilding." International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-, Inter- and Transdisciplinarity 3, no. 1 (June 2008): 59–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18186870802321582.

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Stephen R. Platt. "Introduction: War and Reconstruction in 1860s Jiangnan." Late Imperial China 30, no. 2 (2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/late.0.0024.

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Smolny, Werner. "Post-War Growth, Productivity Convergence and Reconstruction." Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 62, no. 5 (December 2000): 589–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00191.

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Misra, Amalendu. "Afghanistan: the politics of post-war reconstruction." Conflict, Security & Development 2, no. 03 (December 2002): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14678800200590617.

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Kader, Deiary. "War trauma reconstruction surgery gives life back." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 101, no. 2 (February 2019): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsbull.2019.59.

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Nonveiller, Ervin, Josip Rupčić, and Zvonimir Sever. "War Damages and Reconstruction of Peruća Dam." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 125, no. 4 (April 1999): 280–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1999)125:4(280).

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37

Awotona, Adenrele. "Approaches to post-war reconstruction and development." Habitat International 16, no. 4 (January 1992): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-3975(92)90054-3.

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Viblyi, P., and O. Hrynevych. "Global experience of post-war reconstruction investments." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 4, no. 77 (2022): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2022.04.076.

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Klein, Naomi. "Der Aufschwung des Katastrophen-Kapitalismus." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 36, no. 143 (June 1, 2006): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v36i143.556.

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Fitting to its doctrine of preventiv war, the Bush Administration founded a bureau of reconstruction, designing reconstruction plans for countries which are still not destroyed. Reconstruction after war or after a “natural disaster” developed to a profitable branch of capitalist investment. Also the possibilities to change basic political and economic structures are high and they are widely used by the US-government and institutions like the International Monetary Fund.
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Yakoviyk, Ivan, Kateryna Yefremova, and Evgen Novikov. "Economic security and the role of collective West in the post-war recon struction of Ukraine." Law and innovations, no. 2 (38) (June 24, 2022): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2022-2(38)-2.

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Problem setting. Although the outcome of the Russian-Ukrainian war is uncertain, it is necessary to start thinking about the future reconstruction of Ukraine. The paper examines issues related with the complex of problems connected with the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine and the participation of the collective West, which means a set of countries (USA, EU member states, Canada, Scandinavian countries) participating in Euro-Atlantic integration. In this article, we use previous experience of post-war reconstruction of Western Europe (for example, the Marshall Plan after World War II). We set out the key principles of international cooperation in the renovation of the Ukrainian economics and the state as a whole, as well as the role of individual subjects of international law in this process. The paper is intended to involve foreign and domestic lawyers in a discussion on a wider range of issues, which will include further and more detailed analysis of the best ways to rebuild Ukraine after the war. Analysis of resent researches and publications. The idea of developing a European plan for the reconstruction of Ukraine (“Marshall Plan for Ukraine”) began to be discussed after the Revolution of Dignity. However, it has not been the subject of serious research. The situation changed after Russia declared war on Ukraine. As Ukraine has a chance to win the war, the leaders of the United States, the European Union and Ukraine are discussing the possible content of a “New European Plan for Ukraine.” However, today, both in Ukraine and abroad, this issue is dominated by journalistic publications, which determines the relevance and practical significance of the development of the problem. Target of research is to reveal the content, main directions of participation of international financial institutions and individual states in the reconstruction of Ukraine after the war. Article’s main body. The article considers the problem of determining the content of the “New European Plan for Ukraine” in relation to the postwar period. The uniqueness of the plan to restore the Ukrainian economy is emphasized. The steps of international financial institutions and individual countries regarding the revival of Ukraine during and after the war are analyzed. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The conclusion that grants should make up a large share of foreign aid flows in the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine is substantiated. An important step in Ukraine’s post-war reconstruction should be the write-off of foreign debt, or at least part of it, by foreign financial institutions, primarily the IMF and the World Bank, as an important and necessary sign of genuine solidarity of the international community. Emphasis is placed on the special role of the United States and the European Union in the postwar reconstruction of Ukraine, in particular on the issue of writing off Ukraine’s foreign debt.
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41

Niethammer, L. "Reconstruction and Disintegration: The German Labor Movement Between War and Cold War." Radical History Review 1987, no. 37 (January 1, 1987): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1987-37-7.

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42

Qualls, Karl D. "Urban Biography and the Reconstruction of Sevastopol after World War II." Russian History 41, no. 2 (May 18, 2014): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04102007.

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The Crimean War brought destruction to Russia’s Black Sea peninsula but, like Napoleon’s invasion fifty years earlier, the war also became a central event in Russia’s national history. In his The Origins of the Crimean War (1994), David Goldfrank introduced readers to the complex diplomatic wrangling that led to the Crimean War. This article seeks to explain how and why the Crimean War (or “first great defense”) rivals only World War II (the “second great defense”) in Sevastopol’s urban biography. Because of the work of writers, filmmakers, sculptors, and architects – who during and after World War II began to link the first great defense with the second and used images similar to Leo Tolstoy’s a century earlier – Sevastopol retains its close connection to its pre-Revolutionary military history. Even in the Soviet period, Sevastopol’s urban biography relied less on the Bolshevik Revolution and Civil War than it did on the Crimean War because of the narrative reframing during the 1940s.
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Purseigle, Pierre. "La Cité de demain: French urbanism in war and reconstruction, 1914–1928." French History 35, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 505–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fh/crab054.

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Abstract Urbanists have long condemned the reconstruction of France after the Great War as a failure. Articulated in the 1920s, this distorted view has largely gone unchallenged and continues to frame the historiography. This article revisits dominant assessments of the post-1918 urban reconstruction and positions the mobilization of French urbanists in the wider transition from war to peace. Urban reconstruction underlined the uncertain nature of the aftermath of the conflict and proved both contested and uneven. While French urbanists imputed its failure to the local populations, this article argues that, if failure there was, it should be laid at their feet. Urbanists proved unable to apprehend the specificities of the post-war reconstruction and of the political economy in which they, as well as the devastated cities, had to operate. As those practitioners floundered, key tenets of urbanist thinking nonetheless prevailed.
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SOVACOOL, BENJAMIN, and SAUL HALFON. "Reconstructing Iraq: merging discourses of security and development." Review of International Studies 33, no. 2 (April 2007): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210507007486.

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ABSTRACTThis article argues that reconstruction is an emerging discourse of international politics that merges security and development discourses in powerful and troubling ways. We focus on Iraq as a site for articulating and institutionalising a particular version of reconstruction, uncovering five narratives that constitute Iraqi reconstruction discourse. We conclude by suggesting that reconstruction repackages security and development into a singular, technical, and bureaucratic worldview. This view obscures working and reliable solutions to poverty and instability by treating development as a central justification for war, and war as a promising way to develop a state and society.
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Maré, Estelle A. "Creation and Re-Creation: the Origins and Preservation of the Shinto Shrines At Ise, Japan, and the Abbey Church of St. Michael At Hildesheim, Germany." Religion and Theology 11, no. 2 (2004): 161–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157430104x00078.

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AbstractIn this article Ise Jingu, Japan, and the church of St Michael, Germany, are juxtaposed. At first glance they do not seem to have much in common, except that they exist as a testimony to the intentions of the original builders who established their distinctive architectural traditions and, physically, both are recent reconstructions. The reasons for their reconstruction are different because, whereas the Ise precincts are renewed as it were in obedience to a sacred injunction at a place where war never occurred, the renewal of the Hildesheim church to its original design is predominantly the result of circumstance and the vicissitudes of devastation, plunder and war.
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Pollak, Andrew N., and James R. Ficke. "Introduction Extremity War Injuries: Challenges in Definitive Reconstruction." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 16, no. 11 (November 2008): 626–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5435/00124635-200811000-00002.

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Oleynik, Pavel Pavlovich, and Ali Maaruf. "ACTIVITIES OF THE POST-WAR URBAN RECONSTRUCTION PROGRAM." Строительное производство, no. 1 (2022): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54950/26585340_2022_1_54.

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Hrushytska, I. "Odessa astronomical observatory during the post-war reconstruction." Scholarly Works of the Faculty of History, Zaporizhzhia National University 49 (2017): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26661/swfh-2017-49-051.

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Meintjes, Sheila. "Introduction: The Aftermath: Women in Post-War Reconstruction." Agenda, no. 43 (2000): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4066104.

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Saeed, Zaid O., Avar Almukhtar, Henry Abanda, and Joseph Tah. "Mosul City: Housing Reconstruction after the ISIS War." Cities 120 (January 2022): 103460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103460.

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