Relevant bibliographies by topics / War of the Reform

Academic literature on the topic 'War of the Reform'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "War of the Reform"

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Keels, Eric, and T. David Mason. "Seeds of peace? Land reform and civil war recurrence following negotiated settlements." Cooperation and Conflict 54, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836717750201.

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Land reform has been depicted by some as an effective element of counterinsurgency strategy in nations experiencing peasant-based civil conflict. While some studies have argued that land reform reduces civilian support for insurgency, other research has demonstrated that these reforms are often undermined by brutal state repression. The study of land reform has also been driven largely by qualitative case study research, which has limited what we know about the cross-national efficacy of these reforms. This study contributes to the current literature by looking at the efficacy of land reform as part of the post-civil war peace process. Specifically, we examine whether land reform provisions included in comprehensive peace agreements reduce the risk of renewed civil war. Measuring the risk of civil war recurrence in all comprehensive peace agreements from 1989–2012, we find that the inclusion of land reform provisions in the post-war peace process substantially reduces the risk of renewed fighting.
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Strasheim, Julia. "No ‘end of the peace process’: Federalism and ethnic violence in Nepal." Cooperation and Conflict 54, no. 1 (January 22, 2018): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836717750199.

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How does the reform of territorial state structures shape prospects for peace after war? Existing research on the institutional causes of peace often focuses on how institutional designs, as the outcomes of reform processes, reduce post-war violence and promote peace. The literature does less frequently address how the politics that characterise reform processes affect the legitimacy of institutions and whether or not violent protest ultimately takes place: this risks omitting key explanations of how institutional reforms contribute to peace and the mechanisms by which this occurs. By examining the case of Nepal, where clashes between protesters and security forces over constitutional provisions for federalism have killed more than 60 people since August 2015, this study shows that three factors of the territorial reform process contributed to the onset of post-war ethnic violence. These included: (1) elite control of decision-making; (2) tight deadlines that promoted backtracking on previous commitments; and (3) the embedding of single territorial reforms in a ‘concert’ of institutional reforms that, as a whole, sparked fear of discrimination among ethnic minorities.
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Bagratyan, Hrand. "Economic Reform and War." Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization 14, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/demo.14.2.184-192.

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SMITH, TIMOTHY B. "THE SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION OF HOSPITALS AND THE RISE OF MEDICAL INSURANCE IN FRANCE, 1914–1943." Historical Journal 41, no. 4 (December 1998): 1055–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x98008164.

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This article explores the impact of the First World War on the social reform movement in France, emphasizing hospital policy and medical insurance. I argue that the war gave birth to a concerted reform movement which succeeded in bringing about fundamental changes to health care policy. During the inter-war years, the French embarked on a mission to replace the traditional hospital, the maison des pauvres, with modern facilities designed to cater to the middle class as well as to the poor. In 1928, a landmark law was passed which extended medical insurance to workers and the lower middle class. By 1940, over one half of the population was covered by medical insurance, and dozens of modern hospitals had been constructed. The impetuses to this national reform legislation were the numerous local experiments, whose stories I examine in some detail. Despite the image of Third Republic ‘decadence’, the success of health policy reform during the 1920s and 1930s shows that France was indeed capable of important domestic reforms. Under Vichy, these reforms were consolidated and after the Liberation, Vichy's efforts were saluted and affirmed by French politicians.
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Luts-Sootak, Marju, and Karin Visnapuu. "The Aims and Discussions of the Foundation of Land Reform in Estonia After the WWI." Journal of the University of Latvia. Law 14 (2021): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/jull.14.07.

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The land reform was one of the most important tasks of independent Estonia after World War I. The groundwork started even before gaining its independence which shows the significance of this extensive reform. Similar reforms were carried out in other Eastern- and Middle-European countries after World War I, but the Estonian land reform was considered to be among the most radical ones at that time period. The decisions about the scope, intensity and the radicality of a reform would influence the later outcome, therefore it is important to understand the legislative discussions in the beginning and during the reform. In the article we will examine the legislative discussions of Estonian Constituent Assembly and Parliament about the expropriation of largescale estates in Estonia, the legal solutions and, consequently, the reasons why the question about compensation and redistribution of the expropriated land was left unregulated in the Land Reform Act.
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Jefferys, Kevin. "British Politics and Social Policy during the Second World War." Historical Journal 30, no. 1 (March 1987): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00021944.

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This article sets out to examine the relationship between party politics and social reform in the Second World War. The issue of government policy towards reform was raised initially by Richard Titmuss, who argued in his official history of social policy that the experience of total war and the arrival of Churchill's coalition in 1940 led to a fundamentally new attitude on welfare issues. The exposure of widespread social deprivation, Titmuss claimed, made central government fully conscious for the first time of the need for reconstruction; the reforms subsequently proposed or enacted by the coalition were therefore an important prelude to the introduction of a ‘welfare state’ by the post-war Labour administration. These claims have not been borne out by more recent studies of individual wartime policies, but as a general guide to social reform in the period the ideas of Richard Titmuss have never been entirely displaced. In fact the significance of wartime policy, and its close relationship with post-war reform, has been reaffirmed in the most comprehensive study of British politics during the war – Paul Addison's The road to 1945. For Addison, the influence of Labour ministers in the coalition made the government the most radical since Asquith's Liberal administration in the Edwardian period. The war, he notes, clearly placed on the agenda the major items of the post-war welfare state: social security for all, a national health service, full employment policies, improved education and housing, and a new system, of family allowances.
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Baumann, Robert F. "Universal Service Reform and Russia's Imperial Dilemma." War & Society 4, no. 2 (September 1986): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/war.1986.4.2.31.

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CALL, CHARLES T. "Democratisation, War and State-Building: Constructing the Rule of Law in El Salvador." Journal of Latin American Studies 35, no. 4 (November 2003): 827–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x03007004.

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After long neglecting issues of citizen security and justice, democratisation theorists have recently begun to recognise the importance of the rule of law. Yet theorising the construction of state institutions of security and justice has tended to be piecemeal and divorced from broader theoretical debates. Using the case of post-war El Salvador, this article first argues that justice and security are tremendously important for the survivability and everyday relevance of democracy, given that crime is the chief threat to support for democracy.Second, the article explores competing views of institutional reform. It finds support for path-dependent ‘mode-of-transition’ approaches that postulate heightened agency to adopt new rules and reform institutions during uncertain transition periods. However, more sceptical cultural and institutional theorists are right insofar as the formal removal of authoritarian structures and personnel is easier than the informal transformation of state practices and of society's attitudes about state services. The article also finds that security (i.e., military, intelligence and police) reforms operate differently to judicial reforms, which were more difficult and were less tied to the country's peace process. The interaction of these reform processes with a post-war crime wave helps explain why international observers consider El Salvador's reforms a success story, but many Salvadoreans do not.
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Chowdhury, Tanzil. "Taming the UK's war prerogative: the rationale for reform." Legal Studies 38, no. 3 (July 19, 2018): 500–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lst.2018.12.

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AbstractThis paper assesses the current state of the war prerogative, specifically focusing on deployment decisions. It outlines the constitutional position over troop deployments, scrutinises recent reform efforts and problematises the rationale underpinning those reforms. The paper proceeds along one simple normative claim: that against the backdrop of frequent interventions, the publication of theIraq Inquiryand a series of Bills that have sought to statutorise deployment decisions, less use-of-force is better than more use-of-force, and constitutional arrangements ought to reflect this. The paper begins with an exegesis of the most recent attempt to bring deployment decisions onto a statutory footing, focusing on: (a) the difficulties and concomitant problems in defining ‘conflict decisions’; and (b) whether it could make deployment decisions reviewable. The paper then seeks to examine the rationale for reform, arguing that the main impetus behind the series of efforts has been to democratise the process of troop deployments when instead they should focus on use-of-force reduction.
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Ottaway, Marina. "Economic Reform and War in Mozambique." Current History 87, no. 529 (May 1, 1988): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.1988.87.529.201.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "War of the Reform"

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Joseph, Rosara. "The war prerogative : history, reform and constitutional design." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9b7c6ac7-6c0e-4a84-ac01-bd11732d0ef8.

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This thesis studies the evolution of the war prerogative in England from 1600-2010. It traces the historical theory and practice of the war prerogative and proposes reform of the constitutional arrangements for its exercise. It addresses three key questions. First, what have writers on political and constitutional theory said about the constitutional arrangements for the war prerogative, and, in particular, what justifications have been advanced for those arrangements? Secondly, in practice, has the executive in fact possessed sole and exclusive powers over war and the deployment of force, or have Parliament and the courts had a role to play in their exercise and scrutiny? Thirdly, are there better ways to organise our constitutional arrangements for the war prerogative, to enable a more substantive role for Parliament (particularly the House of Commons) in its exercise and scrutiny? On the first question, I show that orthodox theoretical and political discourses have continuously asserted the executive’s exclusive power over war, but the justifications advanced for that arrangement have changed over time. Those changes reflect the varying influence of different political theories at different times. On the second question, I find that, contrary to orthodox theoretical and political discourses, Parliament has played an active and substantive role in the exercise and scrutiny of the war prerogative. The courts have refused to intervene in the exercise of the war prerogative, but have been more ready to intervene in cases involving the exercise of powers incidental to the war prerogative. On the third question, I argue that reform of the constitutional arrangements for the war prerogative is necessary and desirable. I recommend the use of ‘institutional mechanisms’, which are small-scale rules and institutional arrangements, within existing institutions, which aim to promote certain normative goals. In particular, I propose a statute which would impose conditions on the executive’s exercise of its war prerogative. I argue that these proposals show that, through careful institutional design, democratic values, national security and operational efficiency can each be reconciled and promoted.
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CHAU, Ho Yan. "Cold war strategy, immigration law reform and "assimilationism" : a study of U.S. policies towards Japanese war brides." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2018. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/otd/22.

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The Japanese Emperor Hirohito accepted the Potsdam Declaration on 14 August 1945 represented the Japanese government announced the unconditional surrender. Based on the declaration, the process of the Allied occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1952 started. The period from 1945 to 1952 was special not only because it was the time of the allied occupation of Japan and also the period of Cold War. Japan as a defeated country in the WWII was occupied and the U.S. government had a special role in Japan. The Supreme Commander for the Allied Power (SCAP) had critical role in Japan in this period and it marked the change of Japan and the U.S. also made important change on the immigration policy. The U.S. occupation allowed the interracial marriage between the G.I.s and the Japanese women. Japanese war bride was the product of the occupation. They witnessed the immigration law reform, the racial problem in the society and the cooperation during the cold war. In this paper, I argue that Japanese war brides as the subject in the reform of the immigration laws. The implementation of different public laws, from only allowing non-Asia war brides to open to all war brides within the deadline show the improvement in the racial limitation requirement. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 and 1965 further reduced and eliminated the national origins quotas. Asians can therefore immigrate to the U.S. I also explain the racial ideas in the U.S. society by analyzing the bride schools. The war brides were encouraged to participate in the bride school before leaving Japan. They learned the history of the U.S., the culture and society of the U.S. and other skills as housewives and mothers. They were trained to match with the expectation of the U.S. society. I also analyze “assimilationism” and immigration policies. The “assimilation” of the Japanese war brides in Bride school can represent the ideology of immigration in the situation of the postwar society. The immigration laws before 1965 still contained the national origins ideas, which the Soviet Union used to attack and criticize. However, the U.S. occupation allowed the cooperation with the Japanese government. The “assimilation” of the Japanese war brides provided a special scene in showing the encounter of “assimilationism” and immigration law reform. The Japanese war brides witnessed the change in the immigration laws, “assimilationism” and Cold War policies. The Japanese war brides were the subjects in viewing the reform of the immigration policies. Using them to review the process can provide a different angle to evaluate the Cold War situation.
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Wong, Lai-kuen Betty. "Tung Lin Kok Yuen : Buddhist reform in Pre-war Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21090336.

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Davis, August Jordan. "Bringing the war back home : the anti-war photomontages of Martha Rosler (1967-2008)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548761.

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This doctoral thesis investigates the question 'How and why does Martha Rosier, artist and activist, bring the wars of Vietnam and Iraq back home time and again?' The aims of the investigation are to consider the two series of Martha Rosier's photomontages entitled "Bringing the War Home: House Beautiful" (1967 -1972) and "Bringing the War Home: House Beautiful, New Series" (2004 - 2008). The aims of such a consideration include: address of the photomontages themselves asthey relate to Rosier's particular development of a critical and activist photomontage practice (as initially developed in her feminist photomontage series "Beauty Knows No Pain: Body Beautiful" (1965 - 1974)); examination of original source images appropriated by Rosier for the making of her works, citing their original locations (work not undertaken previously by other scholars) and the events, scenes and valences thereof within these original photographs; theoretical propositions for how one can read the critical narratives and operative critiques embodied by Rosier's photomontages; and a consideration of the meta-commentary instantiated by Rosier's renewal of the anti-war photomontage series in light of 'the war on terror'. Results achieved This thesis has achieved a comprehensive overview of Martha Rosier's project as both artist and activist to bring the American wars in Vietnam and Iraq back home to the USas a work of anti-war activism, provoking a conversation with the population whose representatives in government are pursuing these foreign adventures in their names. The thesis achieves propositional readings ofthe theoretical workings of Rosier's images, alongside offering a historical contextualisation of both Rosier's extra-artistic activism and of the events depicted in her works which have not been recorded by other scholars. The researching and recording of original source material appropriated by Rosier in the making of these photomontages, again not recorded by other art historians elsewhere, along with the relevance of the selected source images, has been achieved within this thesis. Furthermore, this thesis has succeeded in postulating original theoretical appreciations of not only Rosier's photomontages in both eras ofthe series, but also ofthe nature of and motivation for her very act of renewal in the second stage ofthe series "Bringing the War Home". This is achieved specifically through my theoretical reading of the series as meta-commentary on the revision isms of American history and present foreign policy decision-making, presented through my concept of the 'reboot', which is developed in sympathetic concert with Rosier's own emphasis on popular culture / mass-media imagery asthe medium for presenting her critique within the series.
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Kochanski, Halik. "Field Marshall Viscount Wolseley : a reformer at the War Office, 1871-1900." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/field-marshall-viscount-wolseley--a-reformer-at-the-war-office-18711900(36f3aba5-010b-4a77-bd4c-bb54d62a9229).html.

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Shalaby, Naglaa Gamil. "A critical analysis of UN reform in the post-Cold War era : a case study of Boutros Ghali's reform agenda." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496079.

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Elliot, Matthew. "The modernisation of male headgear in the inter-war Middle East." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299623.

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Patel, Sucheen. "Accounting for policy change : Post-war institutional reform of the Bank of England." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535835.

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McGruer, Ann Canavan. "Arguments for educational advancement and reform during the English Civil War and Interregnum." Thesis, Keele University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507943.

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Blunt, Craig Simon. "(Re) interpreting intégration : a study of colonial reform during the Algerian War (1954-62)." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4339/.

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This thesis examines the writing of individuals whose stance during the Algerian war of 1954-62 might broadly be defined as favourable to a process of colonial reform. Focusing above all on the integration programme championed by Jacques Soustelle, the present study will seek to challenge colonial reformers for their over-generous reading of France's colonial past; overturn their claim that they had the consent of the Muslim population for their proposals; critique their reading of the European population as willing to embrace change; criticise them for replicating many of the Eurocentric notions of progress and development associated with the old colonial policy of assimilation; and finally, show how in their search for explanations for the failure of reform, they failed to appreciate that the dynamics of the colonial system prevented its reform. Whilst the proposals of reformers were, for the most part, guided by a genuine, if misguided, good will, the thesis will also identify certain areas where the attitudes they displayed, and the measures they proposed, fell short of the liberal principles which they claimed to uphold. In constructing a critique of the colonial reformers' position, the study draws upon the work of anti-colonialists theorists writing at the time of the conflict such as Frantz Fanon and Albert Memmi and upon the assessments of contemporary historians. Whilst the territory over which this thesis ranges has been partially mapped, it has not been comprehensively so. No previous study has fully analysed the integration programme, particularly with the aim of establishing the ways in which it differed from a policy of assimilation, or considered at length the ideas of its chief architect, Jacques Soustelle.
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Books on the topic "War of the Reform"

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Kovsted, Jens. Guinea-Bissau: War, reconstruction and reform. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1999.

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Group, International Crisis. Sudan: Major reform or more war. [Nairobi]: International Crisis Group, 2012.

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Kovsted, Jens. Guinea-Bissau: War, reconstruction and reform. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1999.

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Kovsted, Jens. Guinea-Bissau: War, reconstruction and reform. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1999.

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Kovsted, Jens. Guinea-Bissau: War, reconstruction and reform. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1999.

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Sebastián-Aparicio, Sofía. Post-War Statebuilding and Constitutional Reform. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137336880.

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Meziválečná školská reforma v Československu: Inter-war school reform in Czechoslovakia. Praha: Academia, 2015.

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Land reforms in East Central Europe after World War One. Warsaw: Institute of Political Studies, Polish Acadmy of Sciences, 1995.

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Benjamin, Wittes, ed. Legislating the war on terror: An agenda for reform. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press, 2009.

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Eiselein, Gregory. Literature and humanitarian reform in the Civil War era. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "War of the Reform"

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Parks, Dave. "War on Reform." In Health Care Reform Simplified, 147–54. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4897-2_11.

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Parks, Dave. "War on Reform." In Health Care Reform Simplified, 137–46. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-3699-3_10.

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Klausen, Jytte. "Reconstruction and Capitalist Reform." In War and Welfare, 1–24. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780312299880_1.

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Green, Ewen. "Our Food Supply in War and Peace." In Imperial Fiscal Reform, 126–36. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003101468-12.

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Logan, Anne. "Women’s suffrage and war relief." In The Politics of Penal Reform, 65–88. Abingdon, Oxon ; NewYork, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge SOLON explorations in crime and criminal justice histories ; 10: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315175928-4.

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Marable, Manning. "The Cold War in Black America, 1945–1954." In Race, Reform, and Rebellion, 12–37. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-15327-2_2.

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Teranishi, Juro. "Financial Sector Reform after the War." In The Japanese Experience of Economic Reforms, 153–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22705-1_7.

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Yagi, Kiichiro. "Collaboration and Reform under War Economy." In Modern Japanese Economic Thought, 164–79. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003081319-11.

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Kyed, Helene Maria. "Post-war police reform in Mozambique." In Colonial Policing and the Transnational Legacy, 163–82. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315572734-10.

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Evans, Ronald W. "Culture War Over the Schools." In The Hope for American School Reform, 9–34. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116672_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "War of the Reform"

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PURII, Roman. "HAPPINESS-ORIENTED ECONOMY OF UKRAINE OF POST-WAR PERIOD." In Proceedings of The Third International Scientific Conference “Happiness and Contemporary Society”. SPOLOM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2022.34.

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The role of the Russian Federation invasion to the territory of Ukraine on February, 24, 2022, is considered as a trigger of the global shift to a new social order. The main principles of happiness-oriented economy and specificity of its implementation in Ukraine during the post-war period are analyzed. The main drivers for the sustainable balanced development of Ukraine are highlighted, in particular, the implementation of the Universal Unconditional Basic Income (UUBI), Single Digital Fiscal Accounting Payment System (SDFAPS) and tax reforms. Keywords: happiness-oriented economy, post-war economy of Ukraine, a new social order, bionic approach to economy administration, tax reform, Universal Unconditional Basic Income (UBI), Single Digital Fiscal Accounting Payment System (SDFAPS).
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Raheem, Luqman, and Nasir Durid. "The impact of the regional factor in the democratic transition A comparative study between the experiences of Spain 1975 and Iraq 2003." In REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp126-148.

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The regional factor has always played an important role in the political developments of various countries and political experiences, as this factor constituted the role of the direct incubator for all the successful and failed experiences of political development throughout our time. The process of democratization is considered one of the most important political experiments of our time, which gained wide momentum after the Second World War. Especially after the peoples of the world realized the importance and preference of this system compared to the rest of the political systems. After the end of the Cold War, the world witnessed a remarkable trend towards liberal democracy, exhilarated by the euphoria of the victory of the Western camp led by the United States of America over its eastern historical opponent (led by the Soviet Union). Liberal democracy and its sovereignty over the world, rather they unleashed an unbridled optimism that says: ""The peoples and societies of the world are moving towards adopting the model of liberal democracy, because it is the model most responsive to the aspirations of human freedom and the release of his energies.
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Drljača, Miroslav, and Sanja Zambelli. "Sustav upravljanja kvalitetom u javnoj upravi Republike Hrvatske." In Kvaliteta-jučer, danas, sutra (Quality-yesterday, today, tomorrow), edited by Miroslav Drljača. Croatian Quality Managers Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52730/kcus3415.

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Sažetak: Neučinkovitost javne uprave redovito se ističe kao jedan od najvažnijih razloga loše pozicije Republike Hrvatske na globalnoj ljestvici konkurentnosti. Često spominjana reforma u političkim programima reforma je javne uprave. Javna uprava obuhvaća tijela državne uprave, tijela jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave i pravne osobe koje imaju javne ovlasti (javnopravna tijela). Republika Hrvatska donijela je 2015. godine Strategiju razvoja javne uprave za razdoblje 2015. – 2020. godine, kao nastavak reforme javne uprave započete Strategijom reforme državne uprave za razdoblje 2008. – 2011. godine. Strategija ima jasno definiran cilj, utvrđuje poslovne procese javne uprave, govori o standardima kvalitete, donosi metodologiju oblikovanja i provedbe javnih politika, utvrđuje opće i posebne ciljeve. Glavni je cilj Strategije podizanje razine kvalitete javnih usluga radi osiguravanja višeg životnog standarda građana i stvaranje poticajnog poduzetničkog okruženja. Upravljanje kvalitetom u javnoj upravi obuhvaćeno je i dokumentom Nacionalni program reformi, koji je donijela Vlada Republike Hrvatske 2020. godine. U radu autori prezentiraju rezultate nastavka istraživanja sustava upravljanja kvalitetom u javnoj upravi u Republici Hrvatskoj, započeto 2016. godine. Abstract: The inefficiency of public administration is regularly highlighted as one of the most important reasons for the poor position of the Republic of Croatia on the global competitiveness scale. The oft-cited reform in political programs is public administration reform. Public administration includes government bodies, local and regional government and legal subjects which has public authority (public administrative bodies). During the 2015 Republic of Croatia has brought a Strategy of public administration development for the period 2015 – 2020, as a continuation of public administration reform started by Strategy of government administration reform for the period 2008 – 2011. Strategy is clearly defined goal, talk about quality standards, establishes business processes of public administration, suggest methodology for modelling and providing public policies, defined general and specific objectives. The main goal of Strategy is public services quality level increasing because of secure higher standard of living for people and creating stimulating entrepreneurship environment. Quality management in public administration is also included in the document National Reform Program, which was adopted by the Government of the Republic of Croatia in 2020. In this paper the authors present the results of further research of quality management system of public administration in Republic of Croatia, started in 2016.
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Ali, Omran. "International interventions in non-democratic states between democratic change and achieving interests (Iraq as a case study after 2003)." In REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp232-245.

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This research seeks to critically analyze the international efforts, particularly the United States of America, in transforming authoritarian and non-democratic states into democratic ones, and clarify to what extent the US seeks to achieve real democratic change in non-democratic countries, especially Iraq, and whether their main goal is to achieve stability and their vital interests or democratic change and reform. It argues that although spreading democracy and human rights in the Middle East has become, especially after the end of the Cold War, one of the main goals of the US, but, in reality, the US is not ready to sacrifice its vital interests in the region at the expense of spreading democratic values, as well as reducing its strong security and economic relations with its non-democratic allies, or even applying the required pressure on them. Consequently, this increases doubts about the credibility and seriousness of the US in achieving its goal of spreading democracy in the Middle East in general, and Iraq in particular.
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Zhang, Zhewei. "Indigenization Reform: Formation of the Theory of “National Form” in Chinese Film During the Anti-Japanese War." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icassee-18.2018.15.

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Alzaidy, Rashid. "The Iraqi political system between reform and change." In REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp49-72.

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It is no secret to anyone that the political system in Iraq has gone through and is still going through several crises and suffers from many problems that are difficult to limit and define within a specific research scope. Despite that, there are two main trends prevailing about the general view of the political system and its future in Iraq, which are centered on two visions: First: Seeing the possibility of reforming the political system Second: seeing the impossibility of reforming the political system and the political system must be changed) This was accompanied by developments; And repercussions that affected the entire structural system of Iraqi society, but all attempts at reform failed. Hence, the problematic of our study emerges in the main question: Does the Iraqi political system need change or reform, and what are the justifications for this change or reform, and what are the consequences of that locally? Regionally and internationally? The attempt to answer these and other questions requires that we start from the hypothesis of the Iraqi political system after 2003, which suffers from several structural problems that prevent the success of any attempt at political reform for it. The study is based on the following axes: The first topic: What is political reform and political change The second topic: Building the political system in Iraq after 2003 and the justifications for changing its reform The third topic: Obstacles to changing (reform) the Iraqi political system The fourth topic: Attempts to political reform and its future The study concluded a set of conclusions, perhaps the most prominent of which are: 1 - The future of the Iraqi political system in light of local, regional and international data indicates the impossibility of reforming this system due to the depth of its imbalances Its exacerbation and the depth of the rift that this system suffers from - and the absence of the means to reform, which center on the following options: A- Reform through coup methods B- Reform through popular revolution and that these options are not available at the present time, so it is expected that the current situation will continue with attempts A patchwork that gives the regime revival doses without radical solutions until reaching the framework of the Iraqi social contract, which will have two main options: the peaceful option and revolves around: The continuation of the October protests and the joining of the rest of the Iraqi components to them and their obtaining international and regional support to reformulate a new Iraqi social contract for the unity and stability of Iraq, the peaceful division between the Iraqi components to establish three Sunni Shiite states. Kurdish non-peaceful option external change such as the 2003 military coup, the international upheaval, the civil war
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Hontvari, Tamas. "Price Controls Then and Now: a Comparison of Diocletians’ Edictum de Pretiis Rerum Venalium and the Pricestop Introduced by the Hungarian Government." In Mezinárodní konference doktorských studentů oboru právní historie a římského práva. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0156-2022-4.

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To mitigate the domestic effects of the inflationary pressures arising in the global economy as a result of the coronavirus pandemic and Russio-Ukranian war, the Government of Hungary maximised the price of several goods essential to the population. An early example of this direct intervention into the price-setting mechanism of the markets was the Edict on Maximum Prices (Edictum de Pretiis Rerum Venalium) issued by Diocletian in 301 AD, which-together with Diocletian’s currency reform-tried to solve the enormous inflation that plagued the third-century Roman Empire. The Diocletian edict and the Hungarian government decrees introducing price caps are very similar, both in their root causes, their legal policy aims, their technical solutions, as well as in the sanctions that they impose on those breaching the law. The failure of the Diocletian reforms provides useful lessons for policy-makers today.
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Luo, Xiangling, Mingyang Liu, and Nan Liu. "Intelligent Information Processing Technology in Teaching Reform of Computer Specialty." In 2021 World Automation Congress (WAC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/wac50355.2021.9559595.

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Yang, Chaozhi. "Reform of College Physical Education Model Based on Computer Technology." In 2021 World Automation Congress (WAC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/wac50355.2021.9559578.

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Koychuev, Turar, and Merim Koichueva. "The Transition of Kyrgyzstan to a Social Market Economy: The Features, Quality and Ways to Success." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01032.

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The purpose of the study is to analyze the economic reform process of socialist economy and give them theoretical estimate over the past 20 years; to reflect the political, economic and social readiness of society to reforms; to point on the process of substitution of economic reform by political power struggle. The reforms had to initiated by economic sphere was held by government that consisted from the same political entity that was in Soviet period. The research methodology based on the principle of complexity and systemic, that reflects effects of historical, economic, social, cultural and educational factors of social development, the mentality of society, the scientific and theoretical level of labor on the processes of economic reform. The lack of experience in market economy pointed on largely insufficient knowledge of processes of market economy that developed economies had passed. The results of the study is identifying the opportunities for proper theoretical approach to the reform process, giving recommendations to society and the government to select real, positive economic policies that will contribute to the development and extending of modern economic outlook in the social environment.
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Reports on the topic "War of the Reform"

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Moores, Charles C. Preventing War: Special Operations Engagement in Support of Security Sector Reform. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada614164.

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Zuhur, Sherifa. Saudi Arabia: Islamic Threat, Political Reform, and the Global War on Terror. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431277.

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Amaral, Luciano. A Monetary Plethora and What to do with It: the Bank of Portugal during World War II and the Post-War Period (1939-1960). Working Paper in Economic and Social History, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55462/wpaphes_a_501.

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Up to World War II the Bank of Portugal (BoP) was far from possessing the features normally associated with a central bank. It was still a commercial bank, although one that had acquired some central bank functions. The World War II period was decisive to change this ambiguity. The change was mostly caused by an unusually large influx of international means of payment (gold and foreign exchange) as a consequence of Portuguese neutrality during the war, which allowed the BoP to transform its balance sheet structure: the BoP became the institution centralising commercial banks’ reserves. However, all of this happened during a very disturbing period for the BoP. The BoP had been reformed to function as the manager of the escudo in the gold-exchange standard. But just a few months after the reform, the gold-exchange standard collapsed. The BoP adapted quickly to the new environment of discretion, Government interference, and nationalism. It did it so, however, in a relatively original way: it followed the trend but kept at the same time certain features of a central bank still committed to gold standard principles. This was visible during both the World War II and Post-War periods.
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Aiyar, Yamini, Vincy Davis, Gokulnath Govindan, and Taanya Kapoor. Rewriting the Grammar of the Education System: Delhi’s Education Reform (A Tale of Creative Resistance and Creative Disruption). Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-misc_2021/01.

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The study was not designed to undertake an evaluation of the success or failure of reform. Nor was it specifically about the desirability or defects of the policy reform choices. It took these reform choices and the policy context as a given. It is important to note that the Delhi reforms had its share of criticisms (Kumar, 2016; Rampal, 2016). However, our goal was not to comment on whether these were the “right” reforms or have their appropriateness measured in terms of their technical capability. This study sought to understand the pathways through which policy formulations, designed and promoted by committed leaders (the sound and functional head of the flailing state), transmit their ideas and how these are understood, resisted, and adopted on the ground. In essence, this is a study that sought to illuminate the multifaceted challenges of introducing change and transition in low-capacity settings. Its focus was on documenting the process of implementing reforms and the dynamics of resistance, distortion, and acceptance of reform efforts on the ground. The provocative claim that this report makes is that the success and failure, and eventual institutionalisation, of reforms depend fundamentally on how the frontline of the system understands, interprets, and adapts to reform efforts. This, we shall argue, holds the key to upending the status quo of “pilot” burial grounds that characterise many education reform efforts in India. Reforms are never implemented in a vacuum. They inevitably intersect with the belief systems, cultures, values, and norms that shape the education ecosystem. The dynamics of this interaction, the frictions it creates, and reformers’ ability to negotiate these frictions are what ultimately shape outcomes. In the ultimate analysis, we argue that reforming deeply entrenched education systems (and, more broadly, public service delivery systems) is not merely a matter of political will and technical solutions (although both are critical). It is about identifying the points of reform friction in the ecosystem and experimenting with different ways of negotiating these. The narrative presented here does not have any clear answers for what needs to be done right. Instead, it seeks to make visible the intricacies and potential levers of change that tend to be ignored in the rush to “evaluate” reforms and declare success and failure. Moving beyond success to understand the dynamics of change and resistance is the primary contribution of this study.
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Peixoto Gomes, Larissa, James Downe, and Manon Roberts. Reform of electoral law and practice. Wales Centre for Public Policy - Cardiff University, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/20220325.

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The WCPP was asked to research how changes in electoral administration have affected turnout internationally, to inform Welsh Government decisions in this area and suggest possible areas of improvement. There were four areas of focus: Candidate and agent safety Innovative electoral practice Campaign finances and spending Early voting The role of electoral management bodies was also analysed.
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Hazell, J. E. From Reform to Reduction: Reports on the Management of Navy and Department of Defense Laboratories in the Post-Cold War Era. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada496332.

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Carvalho, Helena. Land Inequality, Agricultural Productivity, and the Portuguese Agrarian Reform (1974-1976). APHES Working Paper in Economic and Social History, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55462/wpaphes_a_503.

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Land reforms sacrifice property rights in the name of a fairer distribution. The trade-off they imply makes their study of interest to Economic Historians: do the benefits of reduced land inequality justify the violation of property rights? The discussion about land reforms factors in both the social and efficiency consequences of land inequality. The debate preceding the Portuguese Agrarian Reform echoes these concerns and culminated in an anti-latifundia sentiment crystallized in the legislation used to justify the land occupations of 1974 to 1976. The aim of this paper is to critically assess the efficiency arguments used to justify the occupations. Was land productivity lower in latifúndio counties? A unique dataset drawn from primary sources was specially assembled to answer this question. Through standard OLS regression, this study finds that the number of agriculture journeyman per employer landowner has a statistically significant effect on agricultural productivity after controlling for geographical and soil characteristics. It also finds that introducing literacy as a control causes the effect of land inequality to disappear leading to the conclusion that policies aimed at improving human capital would have been just as effective as a land reform. Further, this study also identifies the crop mix selected as the proximate channel of transmission. Farmers in the region with the highest levels of land inequality favoured less valuable crops, like wheat. An arid climate combined with a lack of irrigation infrastructure and wheat protectionism justify this preference.
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Casey, Katherine, Rachel Glennerster, and Edward Miguel. Healing the Wounds: Learning from Sierra Leone's Post-war Institutional Reforms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18368.

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Asgedom, Amare, Shelby Carvalho, and Pauline Rose. Negotiating Equity: Examining Priorities, Ownership, and Politics Shaping Ethiopia’s Large-Scale Education Reforms for Equitable Learning. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/067.

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In 2018, the Government of Ethiopia committed to large-scale, donor-supported reforms aimed at improving equitable learning in the basic education system—the General Education Quality Improvement Program for Equity (GEQIP-E). In this paper, we examine the reform design process in the context of Ethiopia’s political environment as a strong developmental state, assessing the influence of different stakeholder priorities which have led to the focus on equity within the quality reforms. Drawing on qualitative data from 81 key informant interviews with federal and regional government officials and donors, we explore the negotiation and power dynamics which have shaped the design of the reforms. We find that a legacy of moderately successful reforms, and a shared commitment to global goals, paved the way for negotiations of more complex and ambitious reforms between government actors and donors. Within government, we identify that regional governments were only tokenistically included in the reform process. Given that regions are responsible for the implementation of these reforms, their limited involvement in the design could have implications for success.
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Baim, Michael J. A Test of U.S. Civil-Military Relations: Structural Influences of Military Reform on the Conflict Between Presidents and Senior Military Commanders During Times of War. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada512471.

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